1
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Becker-Baldus J, Yeliseev A, Joseph TT, Sigurdsson ST, Zoubak L, Hines K, Iyer MR, van den Berg A, Stepnowski S, Zmuda J, Gawrisch K, Glaubitz C. Probing the Conformational Space of the Cannabinoid Receptor 2 and a Systematic Investigation of DNP-Enhanced MAS NMR Spectroscopy of Proteins in Detergent Micelles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:32963-32976. [PMID: 37720784 PMCID: PMC10500644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in determining the structures of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) and their complexes in recent years. However, understanding activation and signaling in GPCRs is still challenging due to the role of protein dynamics in these processes. Here, we show how dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP)-enhanced magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance in combination with a unique pair labeling approach can be used to study the conformational ensemble at specific sites of the cannabinoid receptor 2. To improve the signal-to-noise, we carefully optimized the DNP sample conditions and utilized the recently introduced AsymPol-POK as a polarizing agent. We could show qualitatively that the conformational space available to the protein backbone is different in different parts of the receptor and that a site in TM7 is sensitive to the nature of the ligand, whereas a site in ICL3 always showed large conformational freedom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Becker-Baldus
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Alexei Yeliseev
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Thomas T. Joseph
- Department
of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Snorri Th. Sigurdsson
- Department
of Chemistry, Science Institute, University
of Iceland, Dunhaga 3, 107 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lioudmila Zoubak
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Kirk Hines
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Malliga R. Iyer
- Section
on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute
on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Arjen van den Berg
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Sam Stepnowski
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Jon Zmuda
- ThermoFisher
Scientific, 7335 Executive
Way, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Klaus Gawrisch
- National
Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of
Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20852, United States
| | - Clemens Glaubitz
- Institute
of Biophysical Chemistry and Centre of Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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2
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Grossmann Q, Stampi-Bombelli V, Yakimov A, Docherty S, Copéret C, Mazzotti M. Developing Versatile Contactors for Direct Air Capture of CO 2 through Amine Grafting onto Alumina Pellets and Alumina Wash-Coated Monoliths. Ind Eng Chem Res 2023; 62:13594-13611. [PMID: 37663169 PMCID: PMC10472440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The optimization of the air-solid contactor is critical to improve the efficiency of the direct air capture (DAC) process. To enable comparison of contactors and therefore a step toward optimization, two contactors are prepared in the form of pellets and wash-coated honeycomb monoliths. The desired amine functionalities are successfully incorporated onto these industrially relevant pellets by means of a procedure developed for powders, providing materials with a CO2 uptake not influenced by the morphology and the structure of the materials according to the sorption measurements. Furthermore, the amine functionalities are incorporated onto alumina wash-coated monoliths that provide a similar CO2 uptake compared to the pellets. Using breakthrough measurements, dry CO2 uptakes of 0.44 and 0.4 mmol gsorbent-1 are measured for pellets and for a monolith, respectively. NMR and IR studies of CO2 uptake show that the CO2 adsorbs mainly in the form of ammonium carbamate. Both contactors are characterized by estimated Toth isotherm parameters and linear driving force (LDF) coefficients to enable an initial comparison and provide information for further studies of the two contactors. LDF coefficients of 1.5 × 10-4 and of 1.2 × 10-3 s-1 are estimated for the pellets and for a monolith, respectively. In comparison to the pellets, the monolith therefore exhibits particularly promising results in terms of adsorption kinetics due to its hierarchical pore structure. This is reflected in the productivity of the adsorption step of 6.48 mol m-3 h-1 for the pellets compared to 7.56 mol m-3 h-1 for the monolith at a pressure drop approximately 1 order of magnitude lower, making the monoliths prime candidates to enhance the efficiency of DAC processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quirin Grossmann
- Institute
of Energy and Process Engineering, Sonneggstrasse 3, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Alexander Yakimov
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Scott Docherty
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Vladimir Prelog Weg 2, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Mazzotti
- Institute
of Energy and Process Engineering, Sonneggstrasse 3, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Eills J, Budker D, Cavagnero S, Chekmenev EY, Elliott SJ, Jannin S, Lesage A, Matysik J, Meersmann T, Prisner T, Reimer JA, Yang H, Koptyug IV. Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance. Chem Rev 2023; 123:1417-1551. [PMID: 36701528 PMCID: PMC9951229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Eills
- Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Barcelona
Institute of Science and Technology, 08028Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dmitry Budker
- Johannes
Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut,
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 55128Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Silvia Cavagnero
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Eduard Y. Chekmenev
- Department
of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (IBio), Karmanos Cancer Institute
(KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan48202, United States
- Russian
Academy of Sciences, Moscow119991, Russia
| | - Stuart J. Elliott
- Molecular
Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College
London, LondonW12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sami Jannin
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Anne Lesage
- Centre
de RMN à Hauts Champs de Lyon, Université
de Lyon, CNRS, ENS Lyon, Université Lyon 1, 69100Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institut
für Analytische Chemie, Universität
Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, 04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir
Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, University Park, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NottinghamNG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Prisner
- Institute
of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry and Center of Biomolecular Magnetic
Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, , 60438Frankfurt
am Main, Germany
| | - Jeffrey A. Reimer
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, UC Berkeley, and Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California94720, United States
| | - Hanming Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Madison, Wisconsin53706, United States
| | - Igor V. Koptyug
- International Tomography Center, Siberian
Branch of the Russian Academy
of Sciences, 630090Novosibirsk, Russia
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4
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An EPR Study on Highly Stable Nitroxyl-Nitroxyl Biradicals for Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Applications at High Magnetic Fields. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041926. [PMID: 36838912 PMCID: PMC9958542 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxide biradicals are efficient polarizing agents in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. Many recently reported radicals possess substantial DNP efficiency in organic solvents but have poor solubility in water media which is unfavorable for biological applications. In this paper, we report DNP efficiency at a high magnetic field for two water-soluble biradicals resistant to reducing media. Water solubility was achieved by obtaining the radicals in the form of quaternary ammonium salts. Parameters of hyperfine interaction and exchange interaction were quantified by EPR spectroscopy, and their influence on the DNP effect was determined. The resistance of the biradicals to strongly reducing media was characterized. High stability was achieved using tetraethyl substituents and pyrrolidine moieties.
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5
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Carnahan SL, Chen Y, Wishart JF, Lubach JW, Rossini AJ. Magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization solid-state NMR spectroscopy of γ-irradiated molecular organic solids. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2022; 119:101785. [PMID: 35405629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2022.101785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the past 15 years, magic angle spinning (MAS) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has emerged as a method to increase the sensitivity of high-resolution solid-state NMR spectroscopy experiments. Recently, γ-irradiation has been used to generate significant concentrations of homogeneously distributed free radicals in a variety of solids, including quartz, glucose, and cellulose. Both γ-irradiated quartz and glucose previously showed significant MAS DNP enhancements. Here, γ-irradiation is applied to twelve small organic molecules to test the applicability of γ-irradiation as a general method of creating stable free radicals for MAS DNP experiments on organic solids and pharmaceuticals. Radical concentrations in the range of 0.25 mM-10 mM were observed in irradiated glucose, histidine, malic acid, and malonic acid, and significant 1H DNP enhancements of 32, 130, 19, and 11 were obtained, respectively, as measured by 1H→13C CPMAS experiments. However, concentrations of free radicals below 0.05 mM were generally observed in organic molecules containing aromatic rings, preventing sizeable DNP enhancements. DNP sensitivity gains for several of the irradiated compounds exceed that which can be obtained with the relayed DNP approach that uses exogeneous polarizing agent solutions and impregnation procedures. In several cases, significant 1H DNP enhancements were realized at room temperature. This study demonstrates that in many cases γ-irradiation is a viable alternative to addition of stable exogenous radicals for DNP experiments on organic solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott L Carnahan
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - Yunhua Chen
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | - James F Wishart
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Upton, NY, 11973, United States
| | - Joseph W Lubach
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, 94080, United States
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- US DOE Ames Laboratory, Ames, IA, 50011, USA; Iowa State University, Department of Chemistry, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
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6
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Asanbaeva NB, Gurskaya LY, Polienko YF, Rybalova TV, Kazantsev MS, Dmitriev AA, Gritsan NP, Haro-Mares N, Gutmann T, Buntkowsky G, Tretyakov EV, Bagryanskaya EG. Effects of Spiro-Cyclohexane Substitution of Nitroxyl Biradicals on Dynamic Nuclear Polarization. Molecules 2022; 27:3252. [PMID: 35630726 PMCID: PMC9143461 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spiro-substituted nitroxyl biradicals are widely used as reagents for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), which is especially important for biopolymer research. The main criterion for their applicability as polarizing agents is the value of the spin-spin exchange interaction parameter (J), which can vary considerably when different couplers are employed that link the radical moieties. This paper describes a study on biradicals, with a ferrocene-1,1'-diyl-substituted 1,3-diazetidine-2,4-diimine coupler, that have never been used before as DNP agents. We observed a substantial difference in the temperature dependence between Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectra of biradicals carrying either methyl or spirocyclohexane substituents and explain the difference using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation results. It was shown that the replacement of methyl groups by spirocycles near the N-O group leads to an increase in the contribution of conformers having J ≈ 0. The DNP gain observed for the biradicals with methyl substituents is three times higher than that for the spiro-substituted nitroxyl biradicals and is inversely proportional to the contribution of biradicals manifesting the negligible exchange interaction. The effects of nucleophiles and substituents in the nitroxide biradicals on the ring-opening reaction of 1,3-diazetidine and the influence of the ring opening on the exchange interaction were also investigated. It was found that in contrast to the methyl-substituted nitroxide biradical (where we observed the ring-opening reaction upon the addition of amines), the ring opening does not occur in the spiro-substituted biradical owing to a steric barrier created by the bulky cyclohexyl substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nargiz B. Asanbaeva
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Larisa Yu. Gurskaya
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Yuliya F. Polienko
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Tatyana V. Rybalova
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Maxim S. Kazantsev
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.A.D.); (N.P.G.)
| | - Nina P. Gritsan
- V.V. Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, SB RAS, 3 Institutskaya Str., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (A.A.D.); (N.P.G.)
| | - Nadia Haro-Mares
- TU Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.H.-M.); (T.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- TU Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.H.-M.); (T.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- TU Darmstadt, Eduard-Zintl-Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany; (N.H.-M.); (T.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Evgeny V. Tretyakov
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 47 Leninsky Prosp., Moscow 119991, Russia;
| | - Elena G. Bagryanskaya
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS), 9 Acad. Lavrentiev Avenue, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia; (N.B.A.); (L.Y.G.); (Y.F.P.); (T.V.R.); (M.S.K.)
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7
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Perras FA, Carnahan SL, Lo WS, Ward CJ, Yu J, Huang W, Rossini AJ. Hybrid quantum-classical simulations of magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization in very large spin systems. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:124112. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0086530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance can be enhanced using unpaired electron spins with a method known as dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). Fundamentally, DNP involves ensembles of thousands of spins, a scale that is difficult to match computationally. This scale prevents us from gaining a complete understanding of the spin dynamics and applying simulations to design sample formulations. We recently developed an ab initio model capable of calculating DNP enhancements in systems of up to ∼1000 nuclei; however, this scale is insufficient to accurately simulate the dependence of DNP enhancements on radical concentration or magic angle spinning (MAS) frequency. We build on this work by using ab initio simulations to train a hybrid model that makes use of a rate matrix to treat nuclear spin diffusion. We show that this model can reproduce the MAS rate and concentration dependence of DNP enhancements and build-up time constants. We then apply it to predict the DNP enhancements in core–shell metal-organic-framework nanoparticles and reveal new insights into the composition of the particles’ shells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott L. Carnahan
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Wei-Shang Lo
- Department of Chemistry, Merkert Chemistry Center, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA
| | - Charles J. Ward
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Wenyu Huang
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Ames Laboratory, U.S. DOE, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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8
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Tanaka S, Takada S, Suzuki T, Nakajima Y, Sato K. End-Groups of Poly( p-phenylene sulfide) Characterized by DNP NMR Spectroscopy. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Research Association of High-Throughput Design and Development for Advanced Functional Materials, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
- Central Research Laboratories, DIC Corporation, 285-0078 Sakura, Japan
| | - Tohru Suzuki
- Processing Technical Division, DIC Corporation, 290-8585 Ichihara, Japan
| | - Yumiko Nakajima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8565 Tsukuba, Japan
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9
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Harrabi R, Halbritter T, Aussenac F, Dakhlaoui O, van Tol J, Damodaran KK, Lee D, Paul S, Hediger S, Mentink-Vigier F, Sigurdsson ST, De Paëpe G. Highly Efficient Polarizing Agents for MAS-DNP of Proton-Dense Molecular Solids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202114103. [PMID: 35019217 PMCID: PMC8901535 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Efficiently hyperpolarizing proton-dense molecular solids through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) solid-state NMR is still an unmet challenge. Polarizing agents (PAs) developed so far do not perform well on proton-rich systems, such as organic microcrystals and biomolecular assemblies. Herein we introduce a new PA, cAsymPol-POK, and report outstanding hyperpolarization efficiency on 12.76 kDa U-13 C,15 N-labeled LecA protein and pharmaceutical drugs at high magnetic fields (up to 18.8 T) and fast magic angle spinning (MAS) frequencies (up to 40 kHz). The performance of cAsymPol-POK is rationalized by MAS-DNP simulations combined with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD). This work shows that this new biradical is compatible with challenging biomolecular applications and unlocks the rapid acquisition of 13 C-13 C and 15 N-13 C correlations of pharmaceutical drugs at natural isotopic abundance, which are key experiments for structure determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Harrabi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas Halbritter
- University of Iceland, Department of chemistry, Science Institute, Dunhaga 3, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Ons Dakhlaoui
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Johan van Tol
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- University of Iceland, Department of chemistry, Science Institute, Dunhaga 3, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Daniel Lee
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Subhradip Paul
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Hediger
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Frederic Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32301, USA
| | - Snorri Th Sigurdsson
- University of Iceland, Department of chemistry, Science Institute, Dunhaga 3, 107, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Gaël De Paëpe
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IRIG, MEM, 38000, Grenoble, France
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10
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Harrabi R, Halbritter T, Aussenac F, Dakhlaoui O, van Tol J, Damodaran K, Lee D, PAUL S, Hediger S, Mentink-Vigier F, Sigurdsson S, De Paepe G. Highly Efficient Polarizing Agents for MAS‐DNP of Proton‐dense Molecular Solids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Harrabi
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG FRANCE
| | | | | | - Ons Dakhlaoui
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG FRANCE
| | - Johan van Tol
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Florida State University UNITED STATES
| | | | - Daniel Lee
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG FRANCE
| | - Subhradip PAUL
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG FRANCE
| | - Sabine Hediger
- CEA lRlG: Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG FRANCE
| | | | | | - Gael De Paepe
- Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives lnstitut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble IRIG 17 rue des martyrs 38054 Grenoble FRANCE
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11
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Prisco NA, Pinon AC, Emsley L, Chmelka BF. Scaling analyses for hyperpolarization transfer across a spin-diffusion barrier and into bulk solid media. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1006-1020. [PMID: 33404028 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03195j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
By analogy to heat and mass transfer film theory, a general approach is introduced for determining hyperpolarization transfer rates between dilute electron spins and a surrounding nuclear ensemble. These analyses provide new quantitative relationships for understanding, predicting, and optimizing the effectiveness of hyperpolarization protocols, such as Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) under magic-angle spinning conditions. An empirical DNP polarization-transfer coefficient is measured as a function of the bulk matrix 1H spin density and indicates the presence of two distinct kinetic regimes associated with different rate-limiting polarization transfer phenomena. Dimensional property relationships are derived and used to evaluate the competitive rates of spin polarization generation, propagation, and dissipation that govern hyperpolarization transfer between large coupled spin ensembles. The quantitative analyses agree closely with experimental measurements for the accumulation, propagation, and dissipation of hyperpolarization in solids and provide evidence for kinetically-limited transfer associated with a spin-diffusion barrier. The results and classical approach yield general design criteria for analyzing and optimizing polarization transfer processes involving complex interfaces and composite media for applications in materials science, physical chemistry and nuclear spintronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A Prisco
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, USA.
| | - Arthur C Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, USA.
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12
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Wang Z, Hanrahan MP, Kobayashi T, Perras FA, Chen Y, Engelke F, Reiter C, Purea A, Rossini AJ, Pruski M. Combining fast magic angle spinning dynamic nuclear polarization with indirect detection to further enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2020; 109:101685. [PMID: 32932182 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2020.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and indirect detection are two commonly applied approaches for enhancing the sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy. However, their use in tandem has not yet been investigated. With the advent of low-temperature fast magic angle spinning (MAS) probes with 1.3-mm diameter rotors capable of MAS at 40 kHz it becomes feasible to combine these two techniques. In this study, we performed DNP-enhanced 2D indirectly detected heteronuclear correlation (idHETCOR) experiments on 13C, 15N, 113Cd and 89Y nuclei in functionalized mesoporous silica, CdS nanoparticles, and Y2O3 nanoparticles. The sensitivity of the 2D idHETCOR experiments was compared with those of DNP-enhanced directly-detected 1D cross polarization (CP) and 2D HETCOR experiments performed with a standard 3.2-mm rotor. Due to low CP polarization transfer efficiencies and large proton linewidth, the sensitivity gains achieved by indirect detection alone were lower than in conventional (non-DNP) experiments. Nevertheless, despite the smaller sample volume the 2D idHETCOR experiments showed better absolute sensitivities than 2D HETCOR experiments for nuclei with the lowest gyromagnetic ratios. For 89Y, 2D idHETCOR provided 8.2 times better sensitivity than the 1 D89Y-detected CP experiment performed with a 3.2-mm rotor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoran Wang
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Michael P Hanrahan
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Takeshi Kobayashi
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Frédéric A Perras
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | - Yunhua Chen
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States
| | | | | | - Armin Purea
- Bruker Biospin, 76287, Rheinstetten, Germany
| | - Aaron J Rossini
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States.
| | - Marek Pruski
- U.S. DOE Ames Laboratory, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States; Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-3020, United States.
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13
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Nagashima H, Trébosc J, Kon Y, Sato K, Lafon O, Amoureux JP. Observation of Low-γ Quadrupolar Nuclei by Surface-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10659-10672. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nagashima
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Univ. Lille, CNRS-2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Yoshihiro Kon
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide, F-59000 Lille, France
- Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l’industrie, F-67166 Wissembourg, France
- Riken NMR Science and Development Division, Yokohama, 230-0045 Kanagawa, Japan
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14
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Yakimov AV, Mance D, Searles K, Copéret C. A Formulation Protocol with Pyridine to Enable Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Surface-Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy on Reactive Surface Sites: Case Study with Olefin Polymerization and Metathesis Catalysts. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3401-3407. [PMID: 32271018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization surface-enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP-SENS) has emerged as a powerful characterization tool in material chemistry and heterogeneous catalysis by dramatically increasing, by up to 2 orders of magnitude, the NMR signals associated with surface sites. DNP-SENS mostly relies on using exogenous polarizing agents (PAs), typically dinitroxyl radicals, to boost the NMR signals. However, the PAs may interact with the surface or even react with surface sites, thus leading to loss or quenching of DNP enhancements. Herein, we describe the development of a DNP-SENS formulation that allows broadening the application of DNP-SENS to samples containing highly reactive surface sites, namely a Ziegler-Natta propylene polymerization catalyst, a sulfated zirconia-supported metallocene, and a silica-supported cationic Mo alkylidene. The protocol consists of adsorbing pyridine prior to the DNP formulation (TEKPol/TCE). The addition of pyridine not only preserves the PAs and thereby restores the DNP enhancement but also allows probing Lewis/Brønsted acid surface sites that are often present on these catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deni Mance
- ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Keith Searles
- ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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15
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Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is one of the most prominent methods of sensitivity enhancement in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Even though solid-state DNP under magic-angle spinning (MAS) has left the proof-of-concept phase and has become an important tool for structural investigations of biomolecules as well as materials, it is still far from mainstream applicability because of the potentially overwhelming combination of unique instrumentation, complex sample preparation, and a multitude of different mechanisms and methods available. In this review, I introduce the diverse field and history of DNP, combining aspects of NMR and electron paramagnetic resonance. I then explain the general concepts and detailed mechanisms relevant at high magnetic field, including solution-state methods based on Overhauser DNP but with a greater focus on the more established MAS DNP methods. Finally, I review practical considerations and fields of application and discuss future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Björn Corzilius
- Institute of Chemistry and Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany;
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16
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Tanaka S, Liao WC, Ogawa A, Sato K, Copéret C. DNP NMR spectroscopy of cross-linked organic polymers: rational guidelines towards optimal sample preparation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3184-3190. [PMID: 31858098 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp05208a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cross-linked polystyrenes (PS) are an important class of polymers, whose properties are strongly dependent on incorporated functionalities, for which detailed understanding of their structure remains a challenge. Here, we develop a rational guideline for dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) sample formulation for cross-linked PS to interrogate their structure. We show that the DNP enhancement on a series of cross-linked PS bearing alkylammonium groups as prototypical organic polymers correlates with the polymer swelling properties in both apolar and polar formulations (TEKPol/1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane and AMUPol/dimethyl sulfoxide). This work provides guidelines to easily optimize DNP formulation using a simple swelling test and enables natural abundance 15N NMR to be recorded on a series of PS-supported quaternary alkylammonium salts, allowing a detailed structural analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Tanaka
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 305-8565, Tsukuba, Japan.
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17
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Mentink-Vigier F. Optimizing nitroxide biradicals for cross-effect MAS-DNP: the role of g-tensors' distance. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:3643-3652. [PMID: 31998899 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06201g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nitroxide biradicals are common polarizing agents used to enhance the sensitivity of solid-state NMR experiments via Magic Angle Spinning Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (MAS-DNP). These biradicals are used to increase the polarization of protons through the cross-effect mechanism, which requires two unpaired electrons with a Larmor frequency difference greater than that of the protons. From their early conception, the relative orientation of the nitroxide rings has been identified as a critical factor determining their MAS-DNP performance. However, the MAS leads to a complex DNP mechanism with time dependent energy level anti-crossings making it difficult to pinpoint the role of relative g-tensor orientation. In this article, a single parameter called "g-tensors' distance" is introduced to characterize the relative orientation's impact on the MAS-DNP field profiles. It is demonstrated for the first time how the g-tensors' distance determines the nuclear hyperpolarization and depolarization properties of a given biradical. This provides a new critical parameter that paves the way for more efficient bis-nitroxides for MAS-DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Mentink-Vigier
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 E. Paul Dirac Dr, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
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18
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Grätz S, de Olivera Junior M, Gutmann T, Borchardt L. A comprehensive approach for the characterization of porous polymers using 13C and 15N dynamic nuclear polarization NMR spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:23307-23314. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp04010j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
DNP enhanced solid-state NMR techniques are presented as powerful tools to characterize amorphous porous polymers that are of insoluble nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Grätz
- Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150
- 44780 Bochum
- Germany
| | - Marcos de Olivera Junior
- Technical University Darmstadt
- Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Alarich-Weiss Straße 4
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Technical University Darmstadt
- Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry
- Alarich-Weiss Straße 4
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Lars Borchardt
- Inorganic Chemistry I
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstrasse 150
- 44780 Bochum
- Germany
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19
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Mance D, Comas-Vives A, Copéret C. Proton-Detected Multidimensional Solid-State NMR Enables Precise Characterization of Vanadium Surface Species at Natural Abundance. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:7898-7904. [PMID: 31770488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous catalysts fulfill vital roles in industrial processes; however, the nature of the catalytic surfaces, typically either containing a low abundance of active sites or being amorphous in nature, leads to difficulties when attempting to study the structure of the active sites. In this work, we show how making use of fast MAS ssNMR allows one to efficiently detect well-resolved 1H-detected spectra of heterogeneous catalysts. This approach was applied to study the structure of surface species resulting from the grafting of VO(OiPr)3 onto a partially dehydroxylated silica using the surface organometallic chemistry approach. The use of 1H sensitivity enabled detection of various hetero- and homonuclear correlation spectra in order to study the structure of this system and to resolve the structure of the grafted vanadium complex. More specifically, VO(OiPr)3 grafts through both protonolysis and opening of siloxane bridges to generate a bis-grafted species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deni Mance
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Aleix Comas-Vives
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences , ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 1-5 , CH-8093 Zürich , Switzerland
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20
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Rankin AGM, Trébosc J, Pourpoint F, Amoureux JP, Lafon O. Recent developments in MAS DNP-NMR of materials. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 101:116-143. [PMID: 31189121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for the characterization of the atomic-level structure and dynamics of materials. Nevertheless, the use of this technique is often limited by its lack of sensitivity, which can prevent the observation of surfaces, defects or insensitive isotopes. Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (DNP) has been shown to improve by one to three orders of magnitude the sensitivity of NMR experiments on materials under Magic-Angle Spinning (MAS), at static magnetic field B0 ≥ 5 T, conditions allowing for the acquisition of high-resolution spectra. The field of DNP-NMR spectroscopy of materials has undergone a rapid development in the last ten years, spurred notably by the availability of commercial DNP-NMR systems. We provide here an in-depth overview of MAS DNP-NMR studies of materials at high B0 field. After a historical perspective of DNP of materials, we describe the DNP transfers under MAS, the transport of polarization by spin diffusion and the various contributions to the overall sensitivity of DNP-NMR experiments. We discuss the design of tailored polarizing agents and the sample preparation in the case of materials. We present the DNP-NMR hardware and the influence of key experimental parameters, such as microwave power, magnetic field, temperature and MAS frequency. We give an overview of the isotopes that have been detected by this technique, and the NMR methods that have been combined with DNP. Finally, we show how MAS DNP-NMR has been applied to gain new insights into the structure of organic, hybrid and inorganic materials with applications in fields, such as health, energy, catalysis, optoelectronics etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G M Rankin
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Trébosc
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS-FR2638, Fédération Chevreul, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Frédérique Pourpoint
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Amoureux
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Bruker Biospin, 34 rue de l'industrie, F-67166, Wissembourg, France
| | - Olivier Lafon
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, F-59000, Lille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, F-75231, Paris, France.
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21
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Sato K, Hirao R, Timofeev I, Krumkacheva O, Zaytseva E, Rogozhnikova O, Tormyshev VM, Trukhin D, Bagryanskaya E, Gutmann T, Klimavicius V, Buntkowsky G, Sugisaki K, Nakazawa S, Matsuoka H, Toyota K, Shiomi D, Takui T. Trityl-Aryl-Nitroxide-Based Genuinely g-Engineered Biradicals, As Studied by Dynamic Nuclear Polarization, Multifrequency ESR/ENDOR, Arbitrary Wave Generator Pulse Microwave Waveform Spectroscopy, and Quantum Chemical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:7507-7517. [PMID: 31373818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b07169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Trityl and nitroxide radicals are connected by π-topologically controlled aryl linkers, generating genuinely g-engineered biradicals. They serve as a typical model for biradicals in which the exchange (J) and hyperfine interactions compete with the g-difference electronic Zeeman interactions. The magnetic properties underlying the biradical spin Hamiltonian for solution, including J's, have been determined by multifrequency CW-ESR and 1H ENDOR spectroscopy and compared with those obtained by quantum chemical calculations. The experimental J values were in good agreement with the quantum chemical calculations. The g-engineered biradicals have been tested as a prototype for AWG (Arbitrary Wave Generator)-based spin manipulation techniques, which enable GRAPE (GRAdient Pulse Engineering) microwave control of spins in molecular magnetic resonance spectroscopy for use in molecular spin quantum computers, demonstrating efficient signal enhancement of specific weakened hyperfine signals. Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) effects of the biradicals for 400 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance signal enhancement have been examined, giving efficiency factors of 30 for 1H and 27.8 for 13C nuclei. The marked DNP results show the feasibility of these biradicals for hyperpolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunobu Sato
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Rei Hirao
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Ivan Timofeev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS , Institutskaya 3A , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Olesya Krumkacheva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS , Institutskaya 3A , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Elena Zaytseva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Olga Rogozhnikova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Victor M Tormyshev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Dmitry Trukhin
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Elena Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia.,Novosibirsk State University , Novosibirsk 630090 , Russia
| | - Torsten Gutmann
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany.,Institute of Chemistry and Center for Interdisciplinary Nanostructure Science and Technology , Universität Kassel , Heinrich-Plett Straße 40 , 34132 Kassel , Germany
| | - Vytautas Klimavicius
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Gerd Buntkowsky
- Eduard-Zintl Institute for Inorganic and Physical Chemistry , Technische Universität Darmstadt , Alarich-Weiss-Straße 8 , 64287 Darmstadt , Germany
| | - Kenji Sugisaki
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Shigeaki Nakazawa
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Hideto Matsuoka
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Kazuo Toyota
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Daisuke Shiomi
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
| | - Takeji Takui
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Materials Science, Graduate School of Science , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan.,Research Support Department/University Research Administrator Center, University Administration Division , Osaka City University , 3-3-138 Sugimoto , Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585 , Japan
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22
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Svirinovsky-Arbeli A, Rosenberg D, Krotkov D, Damari R, Kundu K, Feintuch A, Houben L, Fleischer S, Leskes M. The effects of sample conductivity on the efficacy of dynamic nuclear polarization for sensitivity enhancement in solid state NMR spectroscopy. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 99:7-14. [PMID: 30826711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent years dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has greatly expanded the range of materials systems that can be studied by solid state NMR spectroscopy. To date, the majority of systems studied by DNP were insulating materials including organic and inorganic solids. However, many technologically-relevant materials used in energy conversion and storage systems are electrically conductive to some extent or are employed as composites containing conductive additives. Such materials introduce challenges in their study by DNP-NMR which include microwave absorption and sample heating that were not thoroughly investigated so far. Here we examine several commercial carbon allotropes, commonly employed as electrodes or conductive additives, and consider their effect on the extent of solvent polarization achieved in DNP from nitroxide biradicals. We then address the effect of sample conductivity systematically by studying a series of carbons with increasing electrical conductivity prepared via glucose carbonization. THz spectroscopy measurements are used to determine the extent of μw absorption. Our results show that while the DNP performance significantly drops in samples containing the highly conductive carbons, sufficient signal enhancement can still be achieved with some compromise on conductivity. Furthermore, we show that the deleterious effect of conductive additives on DNP enhancements can be partially overcome through pulse-DNP experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asya Svirinovsky-Arbeli
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Dina Rosenberg
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry and the Tel-Aviv Center for Light-Matter-Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Daniel Krotkov
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry and the Tel-Aviv Center for Light-Matter-Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Ran Damari
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry and the Tel-Aviv Center for Light-Matter-Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Krishnendu Kundu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Akiva Feintuch
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Lothar Houben
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Sharly Fleischer
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry and the Tel-Aviv Center for Light-Matter-Interaction, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.
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23
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Thureau P, Juramy M, Ziarelli F, Viel S, Mollica G. Brute-force solvent suppression for DNP studies of powders at natural isotopic abundance. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 99:15-19. [PMID: 30836289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A method based on highly concentrated radical solutions is investigated for the suppression of the NMR signals arising from solvents that are usually used for dynamic nuclear polarization experiments. The presented method is suitable in the case of powders, which are impregnated with a radical-containing solution. It is also demonstrated that the intensity and the resolution of the signals due to the sample of interest is not affected by the high concentration of radicals. The method proposed here is therefore valuable when sensitivity is of the utmost importance, namely samples at natural isotopic abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie Juramy
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France
| | - Fabio Ziarelli
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Marseille, France
| | - Stephane Viel
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, Marseille, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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24
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Stevanato G, Kubicki DJ, Menzildjian G, Chauvin AS, Keller K, Yulikov M, Jeschke G, Mazzanti M, Emsley L. A Factor Two Improvement in High-Field Dynamic Nuclear Polarization from Gd(III) Complexes by Design. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8746-8751. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Stevanato
- Laboratory of
Magnetic Resonance, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Józef Kubicki
- Laboratory of
Magnetic Resonance, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Georges Menzildjian
- Laboratory of
Magnetic Resonance, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Sophie Chauvin
- Group of Coordination
Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Keller
- Laboratory of Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Laboratory of Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Inorganic
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Group of Coordination
Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Laboratory of
Magnetic Resonance, Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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25
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Björgvinsdóttir S, Walder BJ, Matthey N, Emsley L. Maximizing nuclear hyperpolarization in pulse cooling under MAS. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2019; 300:142-148. [PMID: 30772753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
It has recently been shown how dynamic nuclear polarization can be used to hyperpolarize the bulk of proton-free solids. This is achieved by generating the polarization in a wetting phase, transferring it to nuclei near the surface and relaying it towards the bulk through homonuclear spin diffusion between weakly magnetic nuclei. Pulse cooling is a strategy to achieve this that uses a multiple contact cross-polarization sequence for bulk hyperpolarization. Here, we show how to maximize sensitivity using the pulse cooling method by experimentally optimizing pulse parameters and delays on a sample of powdered SnO2. To maximize sensitivity we introduce an approach where the magic angle spinning rate is modulated during the experiment: the CP contacts are carried out at a slow spin rate to benefit from faster spin diffusion, and the spin rate is then accelerated before detection to improve line narrowing. This method can improve the sensitivity of pulse cooling for 119Sn spectra of SnO2 by an additional factor of 3.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snædís Björgvinsdóttir
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brennan J Walder
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Matthey
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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26
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Bryce DL. New frontiers for solid-state NMR across the periodic table: a snapshot of modern techniques and instrumentation. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:8014-8020. [PMID: 31184347 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01801h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Selected highlights of the recent literature on solid-state NMR of some of the lesser studied nuclei are provided. The roles of ultrahigh magnetic fields, radiofrequency pulse sequences, dynamic nuclear polarization, isotopic enrichment, and nuclear quadrupole resonance in opening up the periodic table to in-depth study are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Bryce
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaK1N6N5.
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27
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Wolf T, Kumar S, Singh H, Chakrabarty T, Aussenac F, Frenkel AI, Major DT, Leskes M. Endogenous Dynamic Nuclear Polarization for Natural Abundance 17O and Lithium NMR in the Bulk of Inorganic Solids. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 141:451-462. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Wolf
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Harishchandra Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Tanmoy Chakrabarty
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Fabien Aussenac
- Bruker BioSpin, 34 rue de l’Industrie BP 10002, 67166 Wissembourg Cedex, France
| | - Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
- Division of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Dan Thomas Major
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - Michal Leskes
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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28
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Perras FA, Pruski M. Large-scale ab initio simulations of MAS DNP enhancements using a Monte Carlo optimization strategy. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:154202. [PMID: 30342444 DOI: 10.1063/1.5042651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Magic-angle-spinning (MAS) dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has recently emerged as a powerful technology enabling otherwise unrealistic solid-state NMR experiments. The simulation of DNP processes which might, for example, aid in refining the experimental conditions or the design of better performing polarizing agents, is, however, plagued with significant challenges, often limiting the system size to only 3 spins. Here, we present the first approach to fully ab initio large-scale simulations of MAS DNP enhancements. The Landau-Zener equation is used to treat all interactions concerning electron spins, and the low-order correlations in the Liouville space method is used to accurately treat the spin diffusion, as well as its MAS speed dependence. As the propagator cannot be stored, a Monte Carlo optimization method is used to determine the steady-state enhancement factors. This new software is employed to investigate the MAS speed dependence of the enhancement factors in large spin systems where spin diffusion is of importance, as well as to investigate the impacts of solvent and polarizing agent deuteration on the performance of MAS DNP.
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29
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Pinon AC, Skantze U, Viger-Gravel J, Schantz S, Emsley L. Core–Shell Structure of Organic Crystalline Nanoparticles Determined by Relayed Dynamic Nuclear Polarization NMR. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:8802-8807. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b08630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arthur C. Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urban Skantze
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jasmine Viger-Gravel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Staffan Schantz
- Pharmaceutical Technology & Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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30
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Wisser D, Karthikeyan G, Lund A, Casano G, Karoui H, Yulikov M, Menzildjian G, Pinon AC, Purea A, Engelke F, Chaudhari SR, Kubicki D, Rossini AJ, Moroz IB, Gajan D, Copéret C, Jeschke G, Lelli M, Emsley L, Lesage A, Ouari O. BDPA-Nitroxide Biradicals Tailored for Efficient Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Enhanced Solid-State NMR at Magnetic Fields up to 21.1 T. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13340-13349. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorothea Wisser
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Alicia Lund
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Gilles Casano
- AixMarseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Hakim Karoui
- AixMarseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Maxim Yulikov
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Georges Menzildjian
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Arthur C. Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sachin R. Chaudhari
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Dominik Kubicki
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aaron J. Rossini
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilia B. Moroz
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Gajan
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Moreno Lelli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, Via L. Sacconi 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques, Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs, Université de Lyon (CNRS/ENS Lyon/UCB Lyon 1), 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Olivier Ouari
- AixMarseille Univ, CNRS, ICR, 13013 Marseille, France
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31
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Björgvinsdóttir S, Walder BJ, Pinon AC, Emsley L. Bulk Nuclear Hyperpolarization of Inorganic Solids by Relay from the Surface. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:7946-7951. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b03883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Snædís Björgvinsdóttir
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Brennan J. Walder
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arthur C. Pinon
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingéniere Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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32
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Pump E, Bendjeriou-Sedjerari A, Viger-Gravel J, Gajan D, Scotto B, Samantaray MK, Abou-Hamad E, Gurinov A, Almaksoud W, Cao Z, Lesage A, Cavallo L, Emsley L, Basset JM. Predicting the DNP-SENS efficiency in reactive heterogeneous catalysts from hydrophilicity. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4866-4872. [PMID: 29910939 PMCID: PMC5982197 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc00532j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of surfaces at the molecular level has benefited from progress in dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS).
Identification of surfaces at the molecular level has benefited from progress in dynamic nuclear polarization surface enhanced NMR spectroscopy (DNP SENS). However, the technique is limited when using highly sensitive heterogeneous catalysts due to secondary reaction of surface organometallic fragments (SOMFs) with stable radical polarization agents. Here, we observe that in non-porous silica nanoparticles (NPs) (dparticle = 15 nm) some DNP enhanced NMR or SENS characterizations are possible, depending on the metal-loading of the SOMF and the type of SOMF substituents (methyl, isobutyl, neopentyl). This unexpected observation suggests that aggregation of the nanoparticles occurs in non-polar solvents (such as ortho-dichlorobenzene) leading to (partial) protection of the SOMF inside the interparticle space, thereby preventing reaction with bulky polarization agents. We discover that the DNP SENS efficiency is correlated with the hydrophilicity of the SOMF/support, which depends on the carbon and SOMF concentration. Nitrogen sorption measurements to determine the BET constant (CBET) were performed. This constant allows us to predict the aggregation of silica nanoparticles and consequently the efficiency of DNP SENS. Under optimal conditions, CBET > 60, we found signal enhancement factors of up to 30.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pump
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Anissa Bendjeriou-Sedjerari
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Jasmine Viger-Gravel
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - David Gajan
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS-Lyon/UCB-Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Baptiste Scotto
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Manoja K Samantaray
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Edy Abou-Hamad
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Core Labs , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrei Gurinov
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Core Labs , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Almaksoud
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Zhen Cao
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Anne Lesage
- Institut de Sciences Analytiques (CNRS/ENS-Lyon/UCB-Lyon 1) , Université de Lyon , Centre de RMN à Très Hauts Champs , 69100 Villeurbanne , France
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques , Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , CH-1015 Lausanne , Switzerland .
| | - Jean-Marie Basset
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC) , Thuwal , 23955-6900 , Saudi Arabia .
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33
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Perras FA, Boteju KC, Slowing II, Sadow AD, Pruski M. Direct 17O dynamic nuclear polarization of single-site heterogeneous catalysts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:3472-3475. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc00293b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Direct DNP is shown to effectively enhance 17O signals from non-protonated binding sites for surface-supported catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Marek Pruski
- US DOE
- Ames Laboratory
- Ames
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
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