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Moteki A, Kobayashi M. Rheological Behavior of an Aqueous Suspension of Oxidized Carbon Nanohorn (CNHox). NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1247. [PMID: 39120352 PMCID: PMC11314248 DOI: 10.3390/nano14151247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Oxidized carbon nanohorn (CNHox) a carbon nanomaterial that has attracted attention due to its unique material properties. It is expected to be applied in various areas like cancer treatment, gene-expression technology, fluids with high thermal conductivity, lubricants, and so on. While the rheological measurements of suspensions provide information on the effective size and interactions of suspended particles, the rheological behaviors of aqueous suspensions of CNHox have never been systematically investigated. To clarify the rheological behaviors of aqueous suspensions of CNHox, their viscosity and dynamic viscoelasticity were measured with changing particle concentration and salt concentration. The viscosity of a CNHox suspension showed yield stress at low shear rates and showed shear-thinning behavior with increasing shear rates. The viscosity of 5 weight % CNHox suspensions was comparable to that of 60 weight % silica suspensions. This high viscosity at a low CNHox concentration is probably due to the porous structure and large effective volume of the CNHox particle. The estimated effective volume of CNHox calculated by the Krieger-Dougherty equation was 18.9 times larger than the actual volume calculated by the mass concentration and density. The dependence of rheological behavior of the CNHox suspension on salt concentration was weak compared to that of the colloidal silica suspension. This weak dependence on salt concentration may be due to the roughness of the particle surface, which would weaken the effect of electric double-layer interactions and/or van der Waals interactions between particles. These rheological behaviors of the aqueous suspension of CNHox shown in this research will be useful in efforts to improve the efficiency of its utilization for the various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Moteki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Motoyoshi Kobayashi
- Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
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2
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Carrasco-Fadanelli V, Mao Y, Nakakomi T, Xu H, Yamamoto J, Yanagishima T, Buttinoni I. Rotational diffusion of colloidal microspheres near flat walls. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2024-2031. [PMID: 38334705 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01320k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Recently, colloids with an off-center fluorescent core and homogeneous composition have been developed to measure the rotational diffusivity of microparticles using 3D confocal microscopy in refractive index-matched suspensions. Here, we show that the same particles may be imaged using a standard fluorescence microscope to yield their rotational diffusion coefficients. Trajectories of the off-center core may be combined with known expressions for the correlation decay of particle orientations to determine an effective rotational diffusivity. For sedimented particles, we also find the rotational diffusivity about axes perpendicular and parallel to the interface by adding some bright field illumination and simultaneously tracking both the core and the particle. Trajectories for particles of different sizes yield excellent agreement with hydrodynamic models of rotational diffusion near flat walls, taking the sedimentation-diffusion equilibrium into account. Finally, we explore the rotational diffusivity of particles in crowded two-dimensional monolayers, finding a different reduction of the rotational motion about the two axes depending on the colloidal microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yushan Mao
- Institute of Experimental Physics of Condensed Matter, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tomoki Nakakomi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Haonan Xu
- Institute of Experimental Physics of Condensed Matter, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jun Yamamoto
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Taiki Yanagishima
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Ivo Buttinoni
- Institute of Experimental Physics of Condensed Matter, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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3
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Cao Y, Luo B, Javaid A, Jung HJ, Ma T, Lim C, Emre A, Wang X, Kotov NA. Complex Materials with Stochastic Structural Patterns: Spiky Colloids with Enhanced Charge Storage Capacity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305085. [PMID: 38036421 PMCID: PMC10811480 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled materials with complex nanoscale and mesoscale architecture attract considerable attention in energy and sustainability technologies. Their high performance can be attributed to high surface area, quantum effects, and hierarchical organization. Delineation of these contributions is, however, difficult because complex materials display stochastic structural patterns combining both order and disorder, which is difficult to be consistently reproduced yet being important for materials' functionality. Their compositional variability make systematic studies even harder. Here, a model system of FeSe2 "hedgehog" particles (HPs) was selected to gain insight into the mechanisms of charge storage n complex nanostructured materials common for batteries and supercapacitors. Specifically, HPs represent self-assembled biomimetic nanomaterials with a medium level of complexity; they display an organizational pattern of spiky colloids with considerable disorder yet non-random; this patternt is consistently reproduced from particle to particle. . It was found that HPs can accommodate ≈70× greater charge density than spheroidal nano- and microparticles. Besides expanded surface area, the enhanced charge storage capacity was enabled by improved hole transport and reversible atomic conformations of FeSe2 layers in the blade-like spikes associated with the rotatory motion of the Se atoms around Fe center. The dispersibility of HPs also enables their easy integration into energy storage devices. HPs quadruple stored electrochemical energy and double the storage modulus of structural supercapacitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Bingcheng Luo
- College of ScienceChina Agriculture UniversityBeijing100083China
| | - Atif Javaid
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Department of Polymer EngineeringUniversity of Engineering and TechnologyG. T. RoadLahore54890Pakistan
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Hong Ju Jung
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Center for Complex Particle Systems (COMPASS)University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Michigan Center for Materials CharacterizationUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Chung‐Man Lim
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Center for Complex Particle Systems (COMPASS)University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Ahmet Emre
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Center for Complex Particle Systems (COMPASS)University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Nicholas A. Kotov
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Biointerface InstituteUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Center for Complex Particle Systems (COMPASS)University of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMI48109USA
- Department of AeronauticsFaculty of EngineeringImperial College LondonSouth Kensington CampusLondonSW7 2AZUK
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4
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Anisur Rahman M, Turner T, Hamilton HSC, Bradley LC, Beltramo PJ. Engineering the surface patchiness and topography of polystyrene colloids: From spheres to ellipsoids. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 652:82-94. [PMID: 37591086 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Colloidal surface morphology determines suspension properties and applications. While existing methods are effective at generating specific features on spherical particles, an approach extending this to non-spherical particles is currently missing. Synthesizing un-crosslinked polymer microspheres with controlled chemical patchiness would allow subsequent thermomechanical stretching to translate surface topographical features to ellipsoidal particles. EXPERIMENTS A systematic study using seeded emulsion polymerization to create polystyrene (PS) microspheres with controlled surface patches of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (PtBA) was performed with different polymerization parameters such as concentration of tBA monomer, co-swelling agent, and initiator. Thermomechanical stretching converted seed spheres to microellipsoids. Acid catalyzed hydrolysis (ACH) was performed to remove the patch domains. Roughness was characterized before and after ACH using atomic force microscopy. FINDINGS PS spheres with controlled chemical patchiness were synthesized. A balance between two factors, domain coalescence from reduced viscosity and domain growth via monomer absorption, dictates the final PtBA) patch features. ACH mediated removal of patch domains produced either golf ball-like porous particles or multicavity particles, depending on the size of the precursor patches. Patchy microspheres were successfully stretched into microellipsoids while retaining their surface characteristics. Particle roughness is governed by the patch geometry and increases after ACH. Overall, this study provides a facile yet controllable platform for creating colloids with highly adjustable surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Anisur Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Taina Turner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Heather S C Hamilton
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Laura C Bradley
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Peter J Beltramo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
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Kim H, van der Naald M, Dolinski ND, Rowan SJ, Jaeger HM. Dynamic-bond-induced sticky friction tailors non-Newtonian rheology. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:6797-6804. [PMID: 37646285 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Frictional network formation has become a new paradigm for understanding the non-Newtonian shear-thickening behavior of dense suspensions. Recent studies have exclusively focused on interparticle friction that instantaneously vanishes when applied shear is ceased. Herein, we investigate a friction that emerges from dynamic chemical bridging of functionalized particle surfaces sheared into close proximity. This enables tailoring of both friction magnitude and the time release of the frictional coupling. The experiments use dense suspensions of thiol-functionalized particles suspended in ditopic polymers endcapped with benzalcyanoacetamide Michael-acceptors. The subsequent room temperature, catalyst-free dynamic thia-Michael reactions can form bridging interactions between the particles with dynamic covalent bonds that linger after formation and release in the absence of shear. This chemical friction mimics physical friction but is stickier, leading to tunable rheopexy. The effect of sticky friction on dense suspension rheology is explored by varying the electronic nature of the benzalcyanoacetamide moiety, the molecular weight of the ditopic polymers, the amount of a competitive bonding compound, and temperature. These results demonstrate how dynamic-bond-induced sticky friction can be used to systematically control the time dependence of the non-Newtonian suspension rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojin Kim
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
| | - Mike van der Naald
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
| | - Neil D Dolinski
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
| | - Stuart J Rowan
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Heinrich M Jaeger
- James Franck Institute and Department of Physics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
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Trevenen S, Rahman MA, Hamilton HS, Ribbe AE, Bradley LC, Beltramo PJ. Nanoscale Porosity in Microellipsoids Cloaks Interparticle Capillary Attraction at Fluid Interfaces. ACS NANO 2023; 17:11892-11904. [PMID: 37272708 PMCID: PMC10312195 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic particles pinned at fluid interfaces tend toward disordered multiparticle configurations due to large, orientationally dependent, capillary forces, which is a significant barrier to exploiting these particles to create functional self-assembled materials. Therefore, current interfacial assembly methods typically focus on isotropic spheres, which have minimal capillary attraction and no dependence on orientation in the plane of the interface. In order to create long-range ordered structures with complex configurations via interfacially trapped anisotropic particles, control over the interparticle interaction energy via external fields and/or particle engineering is necessary. Here, we synthesize colloidal ellipsoids with nanoscale porosity and show that their interparticle capillary attraction at a water-air interface is reduced by an order of magnitude compared to their smooth counterparts. This is accomplished by comparing the behavior of smooth, rough, and porous ellipsoids at a water-air interface. By monitoring the dynamics of two particles approaching one another, we show that the porous particles exhibit a much shorter-range capillary interaction potential, with scaling intriguingly different than theory describing the behavior of smooth ellipsoids. Further, interferometry measurements of the fluid deformation surrounding a single particle shows that the interface around porous ellipsoids does not possess the characteristic quadrupolar symmetry of smooth ellipsoids, and quantitatively confirms the decrease in capillary interaction energy. By engineering nanostructured surface features in this fashion, the interfacial capillary interactions between particles may be controlled, informing an approach for the self-assembly of complex two-dimensional microstructures composed of anisotropic particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Trevenen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Md Anisur Rahman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Heather S.C. Hamilton
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University
of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Alexander E. Ribbe
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University
of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Laura C. Bradley
- Department
of Polymer Science and Engineering, University
of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Peter J. Beltramo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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7
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Hoggarth J, Ono-Dit-Biot JC, Dalnoki-Veress K. Two-dimensional spreading of frictionless adhesive oil droplets. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:3747-3753. [PMID: 37191096 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
When sand flows out of a funnel onto a surface, a three dimensional pile that is stabilized by friction grows taller as it spreads. Here we investigate an idealized two dimensional analogue: spreading of a pile of monodisperse oil droplets at a boundary. In our system the droplets are buoyant, adhesive, and in contrast to sand, friction is negligible. The buoyant droplets are added to the pile one-at-a-time. As the aggregate grows, it reaches a critical height and the 2D pile spreads out across the barrier. We find that, while granularity is important, the growth process is reminiscent of a continuum liquid. A "granular capillary length", analogous to the capillary length in liquids, sets the critical height of the aggregate through a balance of buoyancy and adhesion. At a coarse-grained level, the granular capillary length is capable of describing both steady-state characteristics and dynamic properties of the system, while at a granular level repeated collapsing events play a critical role in the formation of the pile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Hoggarth
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Jean-Christophe Ono-Dit-Biot
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
| | - Kari Dalnoki-Veress
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4M1, Canada.
- UMR CNRS Gulliver 7083, ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris, France
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8
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Niggel V, Hsu CP, Isa L. Dynamically shaping the surface of silica colloids. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:7794-7803. [PMID: 36193704 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00842d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface roughness is an important design parameter to influence the processing of particle-based materials. Current methods to synthesize rough particles present some limitations, e.g. low yield, relative methodological complexity, requirements of multiple steps, or poor roughness control. Here, we thoroughly investigate a facile synthesis route where two silanes, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS), are added in one pot to form silica particles with controlled corrugated surfaces. We first show that the morphology of these particles can be defined by regulating the amount and ratio of the two silane precursors and by adjusting the concentration of ammonia during synthesis. We characterize the surface topography of the particles using atomic force microscopy and show a direct correlation between surface roughness and the synthesis conditions. Furthermore, we carry out an in situ observation of the evolution of surface morphology and propose a mechanism for surface structuring that hinges on the formation of silane droplets, followed by the preferential hydrolysis/condensation reaction of VTMS starting from the droplet surface and evolving towards the center. The exchange of liquid from the droplets through the VTMS shell leads to stress accumulation and wrinkling/buckling of the particles. Moreover, we explicitly show that osmotic imbalances between the inside and the outside of the droplets regulate their shrinking. We therefore demonstrate that exchanging solvents has a comparable impact to adjusting silane and ammonia content in defining the particle shape and that this synthesis route is highly dynamical. Finally, we demonstrate that it is possible to incorporate fluorescent dyes during synthesis to enable future studies on the impact of surface roughness on dynamic processes, including shear, via direct high-resolution imaging. Our findings show that the mechanism for wrinkling and buckling in colloidal silica particles follows a general scheme found in a broad range of systems, from liposomes and polymeric capsules to Pickering emulsion droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Niggel
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Chiao-Peng Hsu
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Lucio Isa
- Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
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9
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Lu M, Xiang S, Huang Y, Li G. Morphological stabilization efficiencies of nanoparticles toward flowing polymer blends: Role of roughness and viscosity ratio. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Lee HJ, Hollenbeck RG, Moragan J, Kruger Howard A, Siddiqui A, sSayeed VA, Selen A, Hoag SW. A Method for the Tribological Assessment of Oral Pharmaceutical Liquids. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 48:198-210. [PMID: 35726510 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2092125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBEJECTIVE Patient acceptance of pediatric formations is critical to compliance and consequently therapeutic outcomes; thus, having an in vitro method to evaluate sensory perception of pharmaceutical products would be beneficial. The objective of this research is to develop a sensitive and reproducible tribological method to characterize pharmaceutical suspensions at low force and sliding speeds.METHODS The discriminating potential of the method was examined using tribology profiles (coefficient of friction (COF) vs sliding speed) for commercially available products and products made for this study with widely varying sweetness, thickness and grittiness; these formulations were used to judge the sensitivity of the method. Samples were measured using 3M Transpore™ surgical tape to simulate the tongue surface, steel half ring geometry, constant gap setting, target axial force of 2 N in a 600 second exponential ramp for rotation speed.RESULTS The COF ranged from 0.1 to 0.6. For the speeds studied, the high viscosity commercial suspension Ibuprofen Drops and Acetaminophen suspension show a classic Stribeck Curve with an increasing COF at the higher rotation speeds, which indicates these formulations entered the hydrodynamic lubrication phase, while the lower viscosity suspensions only reached the mixed lubrication phase.CONCLUSIONS The contribution of particles seems to affect the COF in a dynamic pattern compared to products that are categorized as either low gritty or high viscosity. These results are important as they provide a potentially rapidly in vitro method for screening pediatric medications and help to identify the factors that affect the palatability of pediatric formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Joo Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - R Gary Hollenbeck
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Jill Moragan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Amy Kruger Howard
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | | | | | | | - Stephen W Hoag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201
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11
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Samsuzzaman M, Sayeed A, Saha A. Reentrant melting of lanes of rough circular disks. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:024608. [PMID: 35291112 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.024608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We consider binary suspension of rough, circular particles in two dimensions under athermal conditions. The suspension is subject to a time-independent external drive in response to which half of the particles are pulled along the field direction, whereas the other half is pushed in the opposite direction. Simulating the system with different magnitude of external drive in steady state, we obtain oppositely moving macroscopic lanes only for a moderate range of external drive. Below as well as above the range we obtain states with no lane. Hence we find that the no-lane state reenters along the axis of the external drive in the nonequilibrium phase diagram corresponding to the laning transition, with varying roughness of individual particles and external drive. Interparticle friction (contact dissipation) due to the roughness of the individual particle is the main player behind the reentrance of the no-lane state at high external drives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Samsuzzaman
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Ahmed Sayeed
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Arnab Saha
- Department of Physics, University Of Calcutta, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700009, India
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12
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Liu X, Moradi M, Bus T, Debije MG, Bon SAF, Heuts JPA, Schenning APHJ. Flower‐Like Colloidal Particles through Precipitation Polymerization of Redox‐Responsive Liquid Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad‐Amin Moradi
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bus
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Michael G. Debije
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Stefan A. F. Bon
- Department of Chemistry The University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Johan P. A. Heuts
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry group Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Albert P. H. J. Schenning
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems Eindhoven University of Technology Groene Loper 3 5612 AE Eindhoven The Netherlands
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13
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Kiany P, Goharpey F. Surface Morphology Signature of Critical Separated Length and Glass Transition Temperature during Seeded Dispersion Polymerization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14034-14042. [PMID: 34807618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The properties of colloids are considerably affected by particles' surface morphology. In this work, for understanding the mechanism of roughness formation in polymeric core-shell (CS) particles, the surface morphology of synthesized CS particles through seeded dispersion polymerization (SDP) in the presence of poly(methyl methacrylate) seeds was investigated. The results revealed that shell polymers with higher solubility parameters (δ) and glass transition temperatures (Tg) had a rougher surface. These parameters directly affect the time needed for chain deformation, which is a critical parameter in controlling the final morphology. We suggested a relation based on these parameters to predict the surface morphology (smoothness or roughness) of CS particles synthesized through SDP in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kiany
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - F Goharpey
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
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14
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Peng Y, Serfass CM, Kawazoe A, Shao Y, Gutierrez K, Hill CN, Santos VJ, Visell Y, Hsiao LC. Elastohydrodynamic friction of robotic and human fingers on soft micropatterned substrates. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:1707-1711. [PMID: 33927390 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-00990-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Frictional sliding between patterned surfaces is of fundamental and practical importance in the haptic engineering of soft materials. In emerging applications such as remote surgery and soft robotics, thin fluid films between solid surfaces lead to a multiphysics coupling between solid deformation and fluid dissipation. Here, we report a scaling law that governs the peak friction values of elastohydrodynamic lubrication on patterned surfaces. These peaks, absent in smooth tribopairs, arise due to a separation of length scales in the lubricant flow. The framework is generated by varying the geometry, elasticity and fluid properties of soft tribopairs and measuring the lubricated friction with a triborheometer. The model correctly predicts the elastohydrodynamic lubrication friction of a bioinspired robotic fingertip and human fingers. Its broad applicability can inform the future design of robotic hands or grippers in realistic conditions, and open up new ways of encoding friction into haptic signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhu Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Christopher M Serfass
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Anzu Kawazoe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yitian Shao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth Gutierrez
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Catherine N Hill
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Veronica J Santos
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yon Visell
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California-Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Lilian C Hsiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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15
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Rivera-Morán JA, Liu Y, Monter S, Hsu CP, Ruckdeschel P, Retsch M, Lisicki M, Lang PR. The effect of morphology and particle-wall interaction on colloidal near-wall dynamics. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:10301-10311. [PMID: 34642726 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01191j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the near-wall Brownian dynamics of different types of colloidal particles with a typical size in the 100 nm range using evanescent wave dynamic light scattering (EWDLS). In detail we studied dilute suspensions of silica spheres and shells with a smooth surface and silica particles with controlled surface roughness. While the near wall dynamics of the particle with a smooth surface differ only slightly from the theoretical prediction for hard sphere colloids, the rough particles diffuse significantly slower. We analysed the experimental data by comparison with model calculations and suggest that the deviating dynamics of the rough particles are not due to increased hydrodynamic interaction with the wall. Rather, the particle roughness significantly changes their DLVO interaction with the wall, which in turn affects their diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Liu
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBI-4, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Samuel Monter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBI-4, Jülich, Germany.
- Universität Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter R Lang
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, IBI-4, Jülich, Germany.
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16
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Liu X, Moradi MA, Bus T, Debije MG, Bon SAF, Heuts JPA, Schenning APHJ. Flower-Like Colloidal Particles through Precipitation Polymerization of Redox-Responsive Liquid Crystals. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:27026-27030. [PMID: 34672077 PMCID: PMC9298913 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
We report on the synthesis of monodisperse, flower‐like, liquid crystalline (LC) polymer particles by precipitation polymerization of a LC mixture consisting of benzoic acid‐functionalized acrylates and disulfide‐functionalized diacrylates. Introduction of a minor amount of redox‐responsive disulfide‐functionalized diacrylates (≤10 wt %) induced the formation of flower‐like shapes. The shape of the particles can be tuned from flower‐ to disk‐like to spherical by elevating the polymerization temperature. The solvent environment also has a pronounced effect on the particle size. Time‐resolved TEM reveals that the final particle morphology was formed in the early stages of the polymerization and that subsequent polymerization resulted in continued particle growth without affecting the morphology. Finally, the degradation of the particles under reducing conditions was much faster for flower‐like particles than for spherical particles, likely a result of their higher surface‐to‐volume ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad-Amin Moradi
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Bus
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Michael G Debije
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan A F Bon
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Johan P A Heuts
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry group, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Albert P H J Schenning
- Stimuli-Responsive Functional Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Groene Loper 3, 5612 AE, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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17
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Pradeep S, Nabizadeh M, Jacob AR, Jamali S, Hsiao LC. Jamming Distance Dictates Colloidal Shear Thickening. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:158002. [PMID: 34678008 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.158002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental and computational observations of dynamic contact networks for colloidal suspensions undergoing shear thickening. The dense suspensions are comprised of sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) colloids that are spherically symmetric and have varied surface roughness. Confocal rheometry and dissipative particle dynamics simulations show that the shear thickening strength β scales exponentially with the scaled deficit contact number and the scaled jamming distance. Rough colloids, which experience additional rotational constraints, require an average of 1.5-2 fewer particle contacts as compared to smooth colloids, in order to generate the same β. This is because the surface roughness enhances geometric friction in such a way that the rough colloids do not experience a large change in the free volume near the jamming point. The available free volume for colloids of different roughness is related to the deficiency from the maximum number of nearest neighbors at jamming under shear. Our results further suggest that the force per contact is different for particles with different morphologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Pradeep
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Mohammad Nabizadeh
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Alan R Jacob
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
| | - Safa Jamali
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Lilian C Hsiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA
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18
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Ilhan B, Mugele F, Duits MHG. Roughness induced rotational slowdown near the colloidal glass transition. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 607:1709-1716. [PMID: 34592556 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.08.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS In concentrated suspensions, the dynamics of colloids are strongly influenced by the shape and topographical surface characteristics of the particles. As the particles get into close proximity, surface roughness alters the translational and rotational Brownian motions in different ways. Eventually, the rotations will get frustrated due to geometric hindrance from interacting asperities. EXPERIMENTS We use model raspberry-like colloids to study the effect of roughness on the translational and rotational dynamics. Using Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy and particle tracking, we simultaneously resolve the two types of Brownian motion and obtain the corresponding Mean Squared Displacements for varying concentrations up to the maximum packing fraction. FINDINGS Roughness not only lowers the concentration of the translational colloidal glass transition, but also generates a broad concentration range in which the rotational Brownian motion changes signature from high-amplitude diffusive to low-amplitude rattling. This hitherto not reported second glass transition for rough spherical colloids emerges when the particle intersurface distance becomes comparable to the roughness length scale. Our work provides a unifying understanding of the surface characteristics' effect on the rotational dynamics during glass formation and provides a microscopic foundation for many roughness-related macroscale phenomena in nature and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beybin Ilhan
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
| | - Frieder Mugele
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Michael H G Duits
- Physics of Complex Fluids, Faculty of Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
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19
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Szeto R, Overton JC, Dos Santos ACF, Eby C, Mosier NS, Ximenes E, Ladisch MR, Erk KA. Rheology of enzyme liquefied corn stover slurries: The effect of solids concentration on yielding and flow behavior. Biotechnol Prog 2021; 37:e3216. [PMID: 34590438 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The measurement of yield stress and shear thinning flow behavior of slurries formed from unpretreated corn stover at solids loadings of 100-300 g/L provides a key metric for the ability to move, pump, and mix this lignocellulosic slurry, particularly since corn stover slurries represent a major potential feedstock for biorefineries. This study compared static yield stress values and flow hysteresis of corn stover slurries of 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 g/L, after these slurries were formed by adding pellets to a cellulase enzyme solution (Celluclast 1.5 L) in a fed-batch manner. A rotational rheometer was used to quantitate relative yield stress and its dependence on processing history at insoluble solids concentrations of 4%-21% (wt/vol). Key findings confirmed previous observations that yield stress increases with solids loadings and reaches ~3000 Pa at 25% (wt/vol) solids concentration compared to ~200 Pa after enzyme liquefaction. While optimization of slurry forming (i.e., liquefaction) conditions remains to be done, metrics for quantifying liquefaction extent are needed. The method for obtaining comparative metrics is demonstrated here and shows that the yield stress, shear thinning and shear thickening flow behaviors of enzyme liquefied corn stover slurries can be analyzed using a wide-gap rheometry setup with relative measuring geometries to mimic the conditions that may exist in a mixing vessel of a bioreactor while applying controlled and precise levels of strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Szeto
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jonathan C Overton
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Antonio C F Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Clark Eby
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Nathan S Mosier
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Michael R Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering (LORRE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Kendra A Erk
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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20
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Han D, Zhou DL, Guo QY, Lin X, Zhang Q, Fu Q. Engineering the Surface Pattern of Microparticles: From Raspberry-like to Golf Ball-like. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31215-31225. [PMID: 34169717 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c08663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Control of the shape and uniformity of colloid particles is essential for realizing their functionality in various applications. Herein, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of narrowly dispersed anisotropic microparticles with well-defined raspberry-like and golf ball-like surface patterns. First, we demonstrate that hybrid raspberry-like particles can be achieved through a one-pot polymerization method using glycidyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (GPOSS) and pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) as monomers. Varying the polymerization parameters such as catalyst loading, monomer concentration, and the molar ratio of monomers, we are able to regulate the sizes and surface protrusion numbers of these raspberry-like microparticles. The formation mechanism is attributed to a competition balance between thiol-epoxy reaction and thiol-thiol coupling reaction. The former promotes rapid formation of large core particles between PETMP and GPOSS droplets (which can serve as core particles), while the latter allows for generation of surface protrusions by PETMP self-polymerization, leading to the formation of raspberry-like surface patterns. Based on the different POSS contents in the surface protrusions and cores of the raspberry-like microparticles, we demonstrate that they can be used as precursors to produce microporous silica (sub)microparticles with golf ball-like morphology via pyrolysis subsequently. Overall, this work provides a facile yet controllable approach to synthesize narrowly dispersed anisotropic microparticles with diverse surface patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Han
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Lin Zhou
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yun Guo
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xiong Lin
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Polymer Science & Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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21
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Haehnle B, Schuster PA, Chen L, Kuehne AJC. All-Conjugated Polymer Core-Shell and Core-Shell-Shell Particles with Tunable Emission Profiles and White Light Emission. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101411. [PMID: 34018682 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Future applications of conjugated polymer particles (CPP) in medicine, organic photonics, and optoelectronics greatly depend on high performance and precisely adjustable optical properties of the particles. To meet these criteria, current particle systems often combine conjugated polymers with inorganic particles in core-shell geometries, extending the possible optical characteristics of CPP. However, current conjugated polymer particles are restricted to a single polymer phase composed of a distinct polymer or a polymer blend. Here, a synthetic toolbox is presented that enables the synthesis of monodisperse core-shell and core-shell-shell particles, which consist entirely of conjugated polymers but of different types in the core and the shells. Seeded and fed-batch dispersion polymerizations based on Suzuki-Miyaura-type cross-coupling are investigated. The different approaches allow accurate control over the created interface between the conjugated polymer phases and thus also over the energy transfer phenomena between them. This approach opens up completely new synthetic freedom for fine tuning of the optical properties of CPP, enabling, for example, the synthesis of individual white light-emitting particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Haehnle
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Philipp A Schuster
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Lisa Chen
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
| | - Alexander J C Kuehne
- Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm, 89081, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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22
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Moradi MA, Eren ED, Chiappini M, Rzadkiewicz S, Goudzwaard M, van Rijt MMJ, Keizer ADA, Routh AF, Dijkstra M, de With G, Sommerdijk N, Friedrich H, Patterson JP. Spontaneous organization of supracolloids into three-dimensional structured materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2021; 20:541-547. [PMID: 33510444 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-020-00900-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Periodic nano- or microscale structures are used to control light, energy and mass transportation. Colloidal organization is the most versatile method used to control nano- and microscale order, and employs either the enthalpy-driven self-assembly of particles at a low concentration or the entropy-driven packing of particles at a high concentration. Nonetheless, it cannot yet provide the spontaneous three-dimensional organization of multicomponent particles at a high concentration. Here we combined these two concepts into a single strategy to achieve hierarchical multicomponent materials. We tuned the electrostatic attraction between polymer and silica nanoparticles to create dynamic supracolloids whose components, on drying, reorganize by entropy into three-dimensional structured materials. Cryogenic electron tomography reveals the kinetic pathways, whereas Monte Carlo simulations combined with a kinetic model provide design rules to form the supracolloids and control the kinetic pathways. This approach may be useful to fabricate hierarchical hybrid materials for distinct technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Amin Moradi
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E Deniz Eren
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Massimiliano Chiappini
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastian Rzadkiewicz
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maurits Goudzwaard
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mark M J van Rijt
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur D A Keizer
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander F Routh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marjolein Dijkstra
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gijsbertus de With
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Sommerdijk
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Heiner Friedrich
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
| | - Joseph P Patterson
- Laboratory of Materials and Interface Chemistry and Centre for Multiscale Electron Microscopy, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine (UCI), Irvine, CA, USA.
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23
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Guo Y, Lou J, Cho JK, Tilton N, Chun J, Um W, Yin X, Neeves KB, Wu N. Transport of Colloidal Particles in Microscopic Porous Medium Analogues with Surface Charge Heterogeneity: Experiments and the Fundamental Role of Single-Bead Deposition. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:13651-13660. [PMID: 33079526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding colloid transport in subsurface environments is challenging because of complex interactions among colloids, groundwater, and porous media over several length scales. Here, we report a versatile method to assemble bead-based microfluidic porous media analogues with chemical heterogeneities of different configurations. We further study the transport of colloidal particles through a family of porous media analogues that are randomly packed with oppositely charged beads with different mixing ratios. We recorded the dynamics of colloidal particle deposition at the level of single grains. From these, the maximum surface coverage (θmax = 0.051) was measured directly. The surface-blocking function and the deposition coefficient (kpore = 3.56 s-1) were obtained. Using these pore-scale parameters, the transport of colloidal particles was modeled using a one-dimensional advection-dispersion-deposition equation under the assumption of irreversible adsorption between oppositely charged beads and colloids, showing very good agreement with experimental breakthrough curves and retention profiles at the scale of the entire porous medium analogue. This work presents a new approach to fabricate chemically heterogeneous porous media in a microfluidic device that enables the direct measurement of pore-scale colloidal deposition. Compared with the conventional curve-fitting method for deposition constant, our approach allows quantitative prediction of colloidal breakthrough and retention via coupling of direct pore-scale measurements and an advection-dispersion-deposition model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jincheng Lou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jae Kyoung Cho
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Nils Tilton
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Jaehun Chun
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Wooyong Um
- Division of Advanced Nuclear Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang-si, Gyeongbuk 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Keith B Neeves
- Departments of Bioengineering and Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz | Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Ning Wu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
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24
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Hu M, Hsu CP, Isa L. Particle Surface Roughness as a Design Tool for Colloidal Systems. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:11171-11182. [PMID: 32897078 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Control over the surface roughness of colloidal particles offers exciting opportunities to tailor the properties and the processing of a broad range of soft matter systems. Moreover, identifying surface roughness as a design parameter reveals the possibility to connect seemingly distinct phenomena and materials via the role played by roughness effects. In this feature article, we concisely review some approaches to synthesize and characterize rough colloidal particles, with a focus on model spherical colloids. We then discuss the impact that surface roughness has on both the high-shear rheology of dense suspensions and the stabilization of Pickering emulsions. Commenting on developments of our own research, we aim to offer an original perspective for a property-oriented development of colloidal particles that transcends classical divisions between materials and processes toward innovative solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghan Hu
- Department of Materials ETH Zurich, Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiao-Peng Hsu
- Department of Materials ETH Zurich, Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lucio Isa
- Department of Materials ETH Zurich, Laboratory for Soft Materials and Interfaces, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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25
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Singh A, Ness C, Seto R, de Pablo JJ, Jaeger HM. Shear Thickening and Jamming of Dense Suspensions: The "Roll" of Friction. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:248005. [PMID: 32639825 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.248005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Particle-based simulations of discontinuous shear thickening (DST) and shear jamming (SJ) suspensions are used to study the role of stress-activated constraints, with an emphasis on resistance to gearlike rolling. Rolling friction decreases the volume fraction required for DST and SJ, in quantitative agreement with real-life suspensions with adhesive surface chemistries and "rough" particle shapes. It sets a distinct structure of the frictional force network compared to only sliding friction, and from a dynamical perspective leads to an increase in the velocity correlation length, in part responsible for the increased viscosity. The physics of rolling friction is thus a key element in achieving a comprehensive understanding of strongly shear-thickening materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinendra Singh
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Christopher Ness
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FG, United Kingdom
| | - Ryohei Seto
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Heinrich M Jaeger
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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26
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Pradeep S, Hsiao LC. Contact criterion for suspensions of smooth and rough colloids. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4980-4989. [PMID: 32432605 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00072h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report a procedure to obtain the search distance used to determine particle contact in dense suspensions of smooth and rough colloids. This method works by summing physically relevant length scales in an uncertainty analysis and does not require detailed quantification of the surface roughness. We suspend sterically stabilized, fluorescent poly(methyl methacrylate) colloids in a refractive index-matched solvent, squalene, in order to ensure hard sphere-like behavior. High speed centrifugation is used to pack smooth and rough colloids to their respective jamming points, φJ. The jammed suspensions are subsequently diluted with known volumes of solvent to φ < φJ. Structural parameters obtained from confocal laser scanning micrographs of the diluted colloidal suspensions are extrapolated to φJ to determine the mean contact number at jamming, 〈z〉J. Contact below jamming refers to nearest neighbors at a length scale below which the effects of hydrodynamic or geometric friction come into play. Sensitivity analyses show that a deviation of the search distance by 1% of the particle diameter results in 〈z〉 changing by up to 10%, with the error in contact number distribution being magnified in dense suspensions (φ > 0.50) due to an increased number of nearest neighbors in the first coordination shell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Pradeep
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
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27
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Ikeda H, Brito C, Wyart M, Zamponi F. Jamming with Tunable Roughness. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:208001. [PMID: 32501092 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.208001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new model to study the effect of surface roughness on the jamming transition. By performing numerical simulations, we show that for a smooth surface, the jamming transition density and the contact number at the transition point both increase upon increasing asphericity, as for ellipsoids and spherocylinders. Conversely, for a rough surface, both quantities decrease, in quantitative agreement with the behavior of frictional particles. Furthermore, in the limit corresponding to the Coulomb friction law, the model satisfies a generalized isostaticity criterion proposed in previous studies. We introduce a counting argument that justifies this criterion and interprets it geometrically. Finally, we propose a simple theory to predict the contact number at finite friction from the knowledge of the force distribution in the infinite friction limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harukuni Ikeda
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo Tokyo 153-8902, Japan
| | - Carolina Brito
- Instituto de Física, UFRGS, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matthieu Wyart
- Institute of Physics, EPFL, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesco Zamponi
- Laboratoire de Physique de l'École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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28
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Cheng LC, Kuei Vehusheia SL, Doyle PS. Tuning Material Properties of Nanoemulsion Gels by Sequentially Screening Electrostatic Repulsions and Then Thermally Inducing Droplet Bridging. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3346-3355. [PMID: 32216359 PMCID: PMC7311086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions are widely used in applications such as food products, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and enhanced oil recovery for which the ability to engineer material properties is desirable. Moreover, nanoemulsions are emergent model colloidal systems because of the ease in synthesizing monodisperse samples, flexibility in formulations, and tunable material properties. In this work, we study a nanoemulsion system previously developed by our group in which gelation occurs through thermally induced polymer bridging of droplets. We show here that the same system can undergo a sol-gel transition at room temperature through the addition of salt, which screens the electrostatic interaction and allows the system to assemble via depletion attraction. We systematically study how the addition of salt followed by a temperature jump can influence the resulting microstructures and rheological properties of the nanoemulsion system. We show that the salt-induced gel at room temperature can dramatically restructure when the temperature is suddenly increased and achieves a different gelled state. Our results offer a route to control the material properties of an attractive colloidal system by carefully tuning the interparticle potentials and sequentially triggering the colloidal self-assembly. The control and understanding of the material properties can be used for designing hierarchically structured hydrogels and complex colloid-based materials for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chiun Cheng
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Patrick S. Doyle
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute
of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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29
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Cheng LC, Hashemnejad SM, Zarket B, Muthukrishnan S, Doyle PS. Thermally and pH-responsive gelation of nanoemulsions stabilized by weak acid surfactants. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 563:229-240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Nguyen HT, Graham AL, Koenig PH, Gelb LD. Computer simulations of colloidal gels: how hindered particle rotation affects structure and rheology. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:256-269. [PMID: 31782472 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01755k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The effects of particle roughness and short-ranged non-central forces on colloidal gels are studied using computer simulations in which particles experience a sinusoidal variation in energy as they rotate. The number of minima n and energy scale K are the key parameters; for large K and n, particle rotation is strongly hindered, but for small K and n particle rotation is nearly free. A series of systems are simulated and characterized using fractal dimensions, structure factors, coordination number distributions, bond-angle distributions and linear rheology. When particles rotate easily, clusters restructure to favor dense packings. This leads to longer gelation times and gels with strand-like morphology. The elastic moduli of such gels scale as G'∝ω0.5 at high shear frequencies ω. In contrast, hindered particle rotation inhibits restructuring and leads to rapid gelation and diffuse morphology. Such gels are stiffer, with G'∝ω0.35. The viscous moduli G'' in the low-barrier and high-barrier regimes scale according to exponents 0.53 and 0.5, respectively. The crossover frequency between elastic and viscous behaviors generally increases with the barrier to rotation. These findings agree qualitatively with some recent experiments on heterogeneously-surface particles and with studies of DLCA-type gels and gels of smooth spheres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong T Nguyen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA.
| | - Alan L Graham
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado - Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Peter H Koenig
- Beauty Care Modeling and Simulation, Mason Business Center, 8700 Mason-Montgomery Rd, Mason, OH 45040, USA
| | - Lev D Gelb
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA.
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31
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Abstract
The strategies used for the preparation of raspberry-like polymer composite particles are summarized comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
| | - Shuxia Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
- Shanghai 200093
- China
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32
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Feng Y, Koos E. Editorial overview: Rheology of soft materials: Recent progresses. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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