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Wilhelm A, Chambers D, Müller F, Bozec A, Grieshaber-Bouyer R, Winkler T, Mougiakakos D, Mackensen A, Schett G, Krönke G. Selective CAR T cell-mediated B cell depletion suppresses IFN signature in SLE. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e179433. [PMID: 38722688 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.179433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Applying advanced molecular profiling together with highly specific targeted therapies offers the possibility to better dissect the mechanisms underlying immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in humans. Here we apply a combination of single-cell RNA-Seq and T/B cell repertoire analysis to perform an in-depth characterization of molecular changes in the immune-signature upon CD19 CAR T cell-mediated depletion of B cells in patients with SLE. The resulting data sets not only confirm a selective CAR T cell-mediated reset of the B cell response but simultaneously reveal consequent changes in the transcriptional signature of monocyte and T cell subsets that respond with a profound reduction in type I IFN signaling. Our current data, thus, provide evidence for a causal relationship between the B cell response and the increased IFN signature observed in SLE and additionally demonstrate the usefulness of combining targeted therapies and analytic approaches to decipher molecular mechanisms of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Wilhelm
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - David Chambers
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian Müller
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology and Oncology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ricardo Grieshaber-Bouyer
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Winkler
- Department of Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine 5 - Hematology and Oncology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Krönke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen - Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité, Unversitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Zhou L, Mao HQ, Li JQ, Chen Z, Zhang L. Fusobacterium nucleatum exacerbates the progression of pulpitis by regulating the STING-dependent pathway. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23357. [PMID: 38085169 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301648r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infection is the main cause of pulpitis. However, whether a dominant bacteria can promote the progression of pulpitis and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. We provided a comprehensive assessment of the microbiota alteration in pulpitis using 16S rRNA sequencing. Fusobacterium nucleatum was the most enriched in pulpitis and played a pathogenic role accelerating pulpitis progression in rat pulpitis model. After odontoblast-like cells cocultured with F. nucleatum, the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway and autophagy were activation. There was a float of STING expression during F. nucleatum stimulation. STING was degraded by autophagy at the early stage. At the late stage, F. nucleatum stimulated mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction and then mtDNA escape into cytosol. mtDNA, which escaped into cytosol, caused more cytosolic mtDNA binds to cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS). The release of IFN-β was dramatically reduced when mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway inhibited. STING-/- mice showed milder periapical bone loss and lower serum IFN-β levels compared with wildtype mice after 28 days F. nucleatum-infected pulpitis model establishment. Our data demonstrated that F. nucleatum exacerbated the progression of pulpitis, which was mediated by the STING-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Han-Qing Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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3
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Ji L, Li T, Chen H, Yang Y, Lu E, Liu J, Qiao W, Chen H. The crucial regulatory role of type I interferon in inflammatory diseases. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:230. [PMID: 38124132 PMCID: PMC10734085 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-I) plays crucial roles in the regulation of inflammation and it is associated with various inflammatory diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and periodontitis, impacting people's health and quality of life. It is well-established that IFN-Is affect immune responses and inflammatory factors by regulating some signaling. However, currently, there is no comprehensive overview of the crucial regulatory role of IFN-I in distinctive pathways as well as associated inflammatory diseases. This review aims to provide a narrative of the involvement of IFN-I in different signaling pathways, mainly mediating the related key factors with specific targets in the pathways and signaling cascades to influence the progression of inflammatory diseases. As such, we suggested that IFN-Is induce inflammatory regulation through the stimulation of certain factors in signaling pathways, which displays possible efficient treatment methods and provides a reference for the precise control of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ji
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianle Li
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqi Yang
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Eryi Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieying Liu
- Department of Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Qiao
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Applied Oral Sciences & Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Level 3, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Chen
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Level 3, 34 Hospital Road, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Jansens RJ, Olarerin-George A, Verhamme R, Mirza A, Jaffrey S, Favoreel HW. Alphaherpesvirus-mediated remodeling of the cellular transcriptome results in depletion of m6A-containing transcripts. iScience 2023; 26:107310. [PMID: 37575180 PMCID: PMC10415716 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which viruses regulate host mRNAs during infection are still poorly understood. Several host transcripts that encode proteins that contribute to the anti-viral response contain the N6-methyladenosine nucleotide (m6A). In this study, we investigated if and how viruses from different (sub) families specifically affect m6A-containing host transcripts. Systematic analysis of host transcriptomes after infection with diverse types of viruses showed that m6A-methylated transcripts are selectively downregulated during infection with Sendai virus, African swine fever virus and the alphaherpesviruses herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV). Focusing on PRV and HSV-1, we found that downregulation of m6A-methylated transcripts depends on the YTHDF family of m6A-binding proteins, and correlates with localization of these proteins to enlarged P-bodies. Knockdown of YTHDF proteins in primary cells reduced PRV protein expression and increased expression of antiviral interferon-stimulated genes, suggesting that virus-induced depletion of host m6A-containing transcripts constitutes an immune evasion strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J.J. Jansens
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York NY 10021, USA
| | - Anthony Olarerin-George
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York NY 10021, USA
| | - Ruth Verhamme
- Department of Translational Physiology, Infectiology and Public Health
| | - Aashiq Mirza
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York NY 10021, USA
| | - Samie Jaffrey
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York NY 10021, USA
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5
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Sacchi A, Giannessi F, Sabatini A, Percario ZA, Affabris E. SARS-CoV-2 Evasion of the Interferon System: Can We Restore Its Effectiveness? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119353. [PMID: 37298304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Type I and III Interferons (IFNs) are the first lines of defense in microbial infections. They critically block early animal virus infection, replication, spread, and tropism to promote the adaptive immune response. Type I IFNs induce a systemic response that impacts nearly every cell in the host, while type III IFNs' susceptibility is restricted to anatomic barriers and selected immune cells. Both IFN types are critical cytokines for the antiviral response against epithelium-tropic viruses being effectors of innate immunity and regulators of the development of the adaptive immune response. Indeed, the innate antiviral immune response is essential to limit virus replication at the early stages of infection, thus reducing viral spread and pathogenesis. However, many animal viruses have evolved strategies to evade the antiviral immune response. The Coronaviridae are viruses with the largest genome among the RNA viruses. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The virus has evolved numerous strategies to contrast the IFN system immunity. We intend to describe the virus-mediated evasion of the IFN responses by going through the main phases: First, the molecular mechanisms involved; second, the role of the genetic background of IFN production during SARS-CoV-2 infection; and third, the potential novel approaches to contrast viral pathogenesis by restoring endogenous type I and III IFNs production and sensitivity at the sites of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Sacchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Giannessi
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sabatini
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Zulema Antonia Percario
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Affabris
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Antimicrobial Immunity, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, 00146 Rome, Italy
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6
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Chenhan Z, Jun S, Yang D, Linliang Y, Xiaowen G, Chunya J, Xuedong D. A case of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome caused by TREX1 gene mutation. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2023; 23:124. [PMID: 36814213 PMCID: PMC9945611 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-05436-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is a rare genetic disorder involving the central nervous system and autoimmune abnormalities, leading to severe intellectual and physical disability with poor prognosis. AGS has a phenotype similar to intrauterine viral infection, which often leads to delays in genetic counseling. In this study, we report a case with a prenatal diagnosis of AGS. The first fetal ultrasound detected bilateral lateral ventricle cystic structures, and fetal MRI was performed to identify other signs. The right parietal lobe signal showed cerebral white matter abnormalities, and fetal brain development level was lower than that of normal fetuses of the same gestational age. Whole-exome sequencing revealed that the fetus carried the TREX1:NM_033629.6:exon2:c.294dup:p. C99Mfs*3 variant, suggesting that the c.294dup mutation of the TREX1 gene was the pathogenic mutation site, and the final comprehensive diagnosis was AGS1. In this article, we also reviewed the previous literature for possible phenotypes in the fetus and found that microcephaly and intrauterine growth retardation may be the first and most important markers of the intrauterine phenotype of AGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chenhan
- grid.440227.70000 0004 1758 3572Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Shao Jun
- grid.440785.a0000 0001 0743 511XDepartment of Ultrasound, Kunshan Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ding Yang
- grid.440227.70000 0004 1758 3572Center for Reproduction and Genetics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Yin Linliang
- Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China.
| | - Gu Xiaowen
- grid.440227.70000 0004 1758 3572Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Ji Chunya
- grid.440227.70000 0004 1758 3572Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
| | - Deng Xuedong
- grid.440227.70000 0004 1758 3572Center for Medical Ultrasound, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China
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7
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Huang Y, Liang W, Li K, Liao X, Chen J, Qiu X, Liu K, Qiu D, Qin Y. Sorafenib suppresses the activation of type I interferon pathway induced by RLR-MAVS and cGAS-STING signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 623:181-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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8
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Tian X, Xu F, Zhu Q, Feng Z, Dai W, Zhou Y, You QD, Xu X. Medicinal chemistry perspective on cGAS-STING signaling pathway with small molecule inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114791. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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9
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Kessler N, Viehmann SF, Krollmann C, Mai K, Kirschner KM, Luksch H, Kotagiri P, Böhner AM, Huugen D, de Oliveira Mann CC, Otten S, Weiss SA, Zillinger T, Dobrikova K, Jenne DE, Behrendt R, Ablasser A, Bartok E, Hartmann G, Hopfner KP, Lyons PA, Boor P, Rösen-Wolff A, Teichmann LL, Heeringa P, Kurts C, Garbi N. Monocyte-derived macrophages aggravate pulmonary vasculitis via cGAS/STING/IFN-mediated nucleic acid sensing. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213416. [PMID: 35997679 PMCID: PMC9402992 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune vasculitis is a group of life-threatening diseases, whose underlying pathogenic mechanisms are incompletely understood, hampering development of targeted therapies. Here, we demonstrate that patients suffering from anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) showed increased levels of cGAMP and enhanced IFN-I signature. To identify disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets, we developed a mouse model for pulmonary AAV that mimics severe disease in patients. Immunogenic DNA accumulated during disease onset, triggering cGAS/STING/IRF3-dependent IFN-I release that promoted endothelial damage, pulmonary hemorrhages, and lung dysfunction. Macrophage subsets played dichotomic roles in disease. While recruited monocyte-derived macrophages were major disease drivers by producing most IFN-β, resident alveolar macrophages contributed to tissue homeostasis by clearing red blood cells and limiting infiltration of IFN-β-producing macrophages. Moreover, pharmacological inhibition of STING, IFNAR-I, or its downstream JAK/STAT signaling reduced disease severity and accelerated recovery. Our study unveils the importance of STING/IFN-I axis in promoting pulmonary AAV progression and identifies cellular and molecular targets to ameliorate disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kessler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Nina Kessler:
| | - Susanne F. Viehmann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Calvin Krollmann
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karola Mai
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina M. Kirschner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hella Luksch
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Prasanti Kotagiri
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander M.C. Böhner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dennis Huugen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | | | - Simon Otten
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefanie A.I. Weiss
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristiyana Dobrikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter E. Jenne
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum München and University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany,Max Planck Institute of Neurobiology, Planegg-Martinsried, Planegg, Germany
| | - Rayk Behrendt
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Ablasser
- Global Health Institute, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Paul A. Lyons
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK,Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Boor
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Angela Rösen-Wolff
- Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lino L. Teichmann
- Medical Clinic and Polyclinic III, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Christian Kurts
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Natalio Garbi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Experimental Immunology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,Correspondence to Natalio Garbi:
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10
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Nasonov EL. Janus kinase inhibitors in immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases. TERAPEVT ARKH 2022; 94:605-609. [DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2022.05.201501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite great advances in the diagnosis and treatment of immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases, which have led to a significant improvement in the prognosis in many patients, the fundamental medical problems of this pathology the restoration of the quality of life and the reduction of mortality to the population level are far from being resolved. This served as a stimulus for the study of new approaches to the pharmacotherapy of IVRD, one of which is associated with the use of low molecular weight chemically synthesized drugs that inhibit intracellular "signaling" molecules Janus kinase. Modern advances regarding the use of Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases and COVID -19 are considered.
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11
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RNA m6A reader YTHDF1 facilitates inflammation via enhancing NLRP3 translation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 616:76-81. [PMID: 35649302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification of mRNAs is involved in multiple essential biological processes, dynamically regulated by m6A "writers", "erasers", and "readers". Yet, the detailed functional roles of RNA m6A reader proteins, such as YTHDFs, are largely unknown. Herein we show that YTHDF1 promotes pro-inflammatory IL-1β production in macrophages during bacterial infections. YTHDF1 overexpression promotes NLRP3 translation. In vivo knockdown of YTHDF1 facilitates survival in a mouse model of sepsis. Thus, YTHDF1 participates in inflammatory responses and subsequent injuries, serving as a new potential therapeutic target in clinical treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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12
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Tripartite-Motif 21 (TRIM21) Deficiency Results in a Modest Loss of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)-1 Surveillance in the Trigeminal Ganglia Following Cornea Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030589. [PMID: 35336995 PMCID: PMC8951137 DOI: 10.3390/v14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite-motif 21 (TRIM21) is thought to regulate the type I interferon (IFN) response to virus pathogens and serve as a cytosolic Fc receptor for immunoglobulin. Since herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 is sensitive to type I IFN and neutralizing antibody, we investigated the role of TRIM21 in response to ocular HSV-1 infection in mice. In comparison to wild type (WT) mice, TRIM21 deficient (TRIM21 KO) mice were found to be no more susceptible to ocular HSV-1 infection than WT animals, in terms of infectious virus recovered in the cornea. Similar pathology, in terms of neovascularization, opacity, and loss of peripheral vision function, was observed in both WT and TRIM21 KO mice. However, TRIM21 KO mice did possess a significant increase in infectious virus recovered in the trigeminal ganglia, in comparison to the WT animals. The increased susceptibility was not due to changes in HSV-1-specific CD4+ or CD8+ T cell numbers or functional capabilities, or in changes in type I IFN or IFN-inducible gene expression. In summary, the absence of TRIM21 results in a modest, but significant, increase in HSV-1 titers recovered from the TG of TRIM21 KO mice during acute infection, by a mechanism yet to be determined.
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Bai W, Wang R, Shen M, Li M, Zeng X. A 16-year-old Boy with Arthritis, Rash, and Hemoptysis: Beyond "Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Disease"? RHEUMATOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2022; 3:46-50. [PMID: 36467020 PMCID: PMC9524812 DOI: 10.2478/rir-2022-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Bai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Rongrong Wang
- McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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14
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Ji X, Meng W, Liu Z, Mu X. Emerging Roles of lncRNAs Regulating RNA-Mediated Type-I Interferon Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:811122. [PMID: 35280983 PMCID: PMC8914027 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.811122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The type-I interferon (IFN-I) signaling pathway plays pivot roles in defending against pathogen invasion. Exogenous ssRNA and dsRNA could be immunogenic. RNA-mediated IFN signaling is extensively studied in the field. The incorrect functioning of this pathway leads to either autoimmune diseases or suffering from microorganism invasion. From the discrimination of “self” and “non-self” molecules by receptors to the fine-tune modulations in downstream cascades, all steps are under the surveillance featured by complex feedbacks and regulators. Studies in recent years highlighted the emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as a reservoir for signaling regulation. LncRNAs bind to targets through the structure and sequence, and thus the mechanisms of action can be complex and specific. Here, we summarized lncRNAs modulating the RNA-activated IFN-I signaling pathway according to the event order during the signaling. We hope this review help understand how lncRNAs are participating in the regulation of IFN-I signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Ji
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zichuan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zichuan Liu, ; Xin Mu,
| | - Xin Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Zichuan Liu, ; Xin Mu,
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15
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Landelouci K, Sinha S, Pépin G. Type-I Interferon Signaling in Fanconi Anemia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:820273. [PMID: 35198459 PMCID: PMC8859461 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.820273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is a genome instability syndrome caused by mutations in one of the 23 repair genes of the Fanconi pathway. This heterogenous disease is usually characterized by congenital abnormalities, premature ageing and bone marrow failure. FA patients also show a high predisposition to hematological and solid cancers. The Fanconi pathway ensures the repair of interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) DNA damage. Defect in one of its proteins prevents functional DNA repair, leading to the accumulation of DNA breaks and genome instability. Accumulating evidence has documented a close relationship between genome instability and inflammation, including the production of type-I Interferon. In this context, type-I Interferon is produced upon activation of pattern recognition receptors by nucleic acids including by the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) that detects DNA. In mouse models of diseases displaying genome instability, type-I Interferon response is responsible for an important part of the pathological symptoms, including premature aging, short stature, and neurodegeneration. This is illustrated in mouse models of Ataxia-telangiectasia and Aicardi-Goutières Syndrome in which genetic depletion of either Interferon Receptor IFNAR, cGAS or STING relieves pathological symptoms. FA is also a genetic instability syndrome with symptoms such as premature aging and predisposition to cancer. In this review we will focus on the different molecular mechanisms potentially leading to type-I Interferon activation. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms engaging type-I Interferon signaling in FA may ultimately lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets to rescue the pathological inflammation and premature aging associated with Fanconi Anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Landelouci
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
| | - Shruti Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Technology, GITAM deemed to be University, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Geneviève Pépin
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Geneviève Pépin,
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16
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Hu H, Yang H, Liu Y, Yan B. Pathogenesis of Anti-melanoma Differentiation-Associated Gene 5 Antibody-Positive Dermatomyositis: A Concise Review With an Emphasis on Type I Interferon System. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:833114. [PMID: 35141258 PMCID: PMC8818857 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.833114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (MDA5+ DM) is typically characterized by cutaneous manifestations, amyopathic or hypomyopathic muscle involvement, and a high incidence of rapid progressive interstitial lung disease (RP-ILD). However, the exact etiology and pathogenesis of this condition has yet to be fully elucidated. Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5), as the autoantigen target, is a member of the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) family. The MDA5 protein can function as a cytosolic sensor that recognizes viral double-strand RNA and then triggers the transcription of genes encoding type I interferon (IFN). Therefore, it was presumed that viruses might trigger the overproduction of type I IFN, thus contributing to the development of MDA5+ DM. Emerging evidence provides further support to this hypothesis: the increased serum IFNα level was detected in the patients with MDA5+ DM, and the type I IFN gene signature was upregulated in both the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the skin tissues from these patients. In particular, RNA sequencing revealed the over-expression of the type I IFN genes in blood vessels from MDA5+ DM patients. In addition, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors achieved the promising therapeutic effects in cases with interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with MDA5+ DM. In this review, we discuss the role of the type I IFN system in the pathogenesis of MDA5+ DM.
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Willemsen J, Neuhoff MT, Hoyler T, Noir E, Tessier C, Sarret S, Thorsen TN, Littlewood-Evans A, Zhang J, Hasan M, Rush JS, Guerini D, Siegel RM. TNF leads to mtDNA release and cGAS/STING-dependent interferon responses that support inflammatory arthritis. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109977. [PMID: 34758308 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key driver of several inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis, in which affected tissues show an interferon-stimulated gene signature. Here, we demonstrate that TNF triggers a type-I interferon response that is dependent on the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway. We show that TNF inhibits PINK1-mediated mitophagy and leads to altered mitochondrial function and to an increase in cytosolic mtDNA levels. Using cGAS-chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), we demonstrate that cytosolic mtDNA binds to cGAS after TNF treatment. Furthermore, TNF induces a cGAS-STING-dependent transcriptional response that mimics that of macrophages from rheumatoid arthritis patients. Finally, in an inflammatory arthritis mouse model, cGAS deficiency blocked interferon responses and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and joint swelling. These findings elucidate a molecular mechanism linking TNF to type-I interferon signaling and suggest a potential benefit for therapeutic targeting of cGAS/STING in TNF-driven diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joschka Willemsen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland.
| | - Marie-Therese Neuhoff
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Hoyler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Emma Noir
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Clemence Tessier
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Sarret
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Tara N Thorsen
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | | | - Juan Zhang
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Maroof Hasan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - James S Rush
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Danilo Guerini
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
| | - Richard M Siegel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, Basel 4002, Switzerland
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18
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Abstract
In vitro-transcribed RNAs are emerging as new biologics for therapeutic innovation, as exemplified by their application recently in SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. RNAs prepared by in vitro transcription (IVT) allow transient expression of proteins of interest, conferring safety over DNA- or virus-mediated gene delivery systems. However, in vitro-transcribed RNAs should be used with caution because of their immunogenicity, which is in part triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) byproducts during IVT. Cellular innate immune response to dsRNA byproducts can lead to undesirable consequences, including suppression of protein synthesis and cell death, which in turn can detrimentally impact the efficacy of mRNA therapy. Thus, it is critical to understand the nature of IVT byproducts and the mechanisms by which they trigger innate immune responses.Our lab has been investigating the mechanisms by which the innate immune system discriminates between "self" and "nonself" RNA, with the focus on the cytoplasmic dsRNA receptors retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (MDA5). We have biochemically and structurally characterized critical events involving RNA discrimination and signal transduction by RIG-I or MDA5. We have used in vitro-transcribed RNAs as tools to investigate RNA specificity of RIG-I and MDA5, which required optimization of the IVT reaction and purification processes to eliminate the effect of IVT byproducts. In this Account, we summarize our current understanding of RIG-I and MDA5 and IVT reactions and propose future directions for improving IVT as a method to generate both research tools and therapeutics. Other critical proteins in cellular innate immune response to dsRNAs are also discussed. We arrange the contents in the following order: (i) innate immunity sensors for nonself RNA, including the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) in the cytosol and the toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the endosome, as well as cytoplasmic dsRNA-responding proteins, including protein kinase R (PKR) and 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetases (OASes), illustrating the feature of protein-RNA binding and its consequences; (ii) the immunogenicity of IVT byproducts, specifically the generation of dsRNA molecules during IVT; and (iii) methods to reduce IVT RNA immunogenicity, including optimizations of RNA polymerases, reagents, and experimental conditions during IVT and subsequent purification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Tianjin University and Health-Biotech United Group Joint Laboratory of Innovative Drug Development and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Sun Hur
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Li X, Liu T, Hai X, Li L. Interferon-α2b induced anemia in severe coronavirus disease 2019 patients: a single centered, retrospective study. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:644-650. [PMID: 34698601 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1992634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread throughout the world. During treatment, we found that the majority of patients had a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb). Interferon-α2b (IFN-α2b) was the primary suspected drug that was related to Hb reduction. Thus, the study aimed to investigate whether IFN-α2b could induce Hb reduction in severe patients with COVID-19 and its potential mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 50 patients who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University with severe COVID-19 infection were enrolled from February 12th to 24th, 2020. The demographics, baseline characteristics, clinical data, and therapeutic regimen were collected retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to the declined use of IFN-α2b on day 14. The Hb levels on admission, day 7, day14, and day 21 were collected and analyzed. The primary endpoint was the level of Hb on day 21. RESULTS A total of 31 patients in the IFN-stop group and 19 patients in the non-IFN-stop group were reviewed. The age, gender, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, nutritional status, disease severity, complications, and other factors of the patients were compared, no difference was found between the IFN-stop group and the non-IFN-stop group. The Hb levels of all patients significantly decreased on day 7 compared with that on admission (p < .0001). In the IFN-stop group, the Hb level was increased in 7 days after IFN-α2b was stopped (p = .0008), whereas no difference was found between day 14 and day 21 in the non-IFN-stop group (p = .3152). CONCLUSIONS IFN-α2b was associated with Hb reduction in the treatment of severe patients of COVID-19. Clinicians should be aware of the high incidence of Hb reduction for patients treated by IFN-α2b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xina Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Hai
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Le Li
- Department of Pancreatic and Biliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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20
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TYK2 in Cancer Metastases: Genomic and Proteomic Discovery. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164171. [PMID: 34439323 PMCID: PMC8393599 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer deaths are predominantly due to metastases rather than the primary tumors, and thus there is an urgent need for the discovery of more effective drug therapies for metastatic cancer. Recent genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics studies have identified tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as an oncogene that is frequently mutated or overexpressed in many types of cancer and metastases. A member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family, TYK2 mediates the signals of numerous cytokines involved in immune and inflammatory signaling. In cancer cells, activation of TYK2 can lead to decreased cell death as well as increased cell growth and invasion. Multiple drugs that specifically block TYK2 or JAKs are currently FDA-approved or in clinical trials. In this review, we provide an overview of the screening, molecular, and animal studies that have characterized the role of TYK2 in cancer and metastases, and the potential of TYK2 inhibitors as effective cancer therapies. Abstract Advances in genomic analysis and proteomic tools have rapidly expanded identification of biomarkers and molecular targets important to cancer development and metastasis. On an individual basis, personalized medicine approaches allow better characterization of tumors and patient prognosis, leading to more targeted treatments by detection of specific gene mutations, overexpression, or activity. Genomic and proteomic screens by our lab and others have revealed tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as an oncogene promoting progression and metastases of many types of carcinomas, sarcomas, and hematologic cancers. TYK2 is a Janus kinase (JAK) that acts as an intermediary between cytokine receptors and STAT transcription factors. TYK2 signals to stimulate proliferation and metastasis while inhibiting apoptosis of cancer cells. This review focuses on the growing evidence from genomic and proteomic screens, as well as molecular studies that link TYK2 to cancer prevalence, prognosis, and metastasis. In addition, pharmacological inhibition of TYK2 is currently used clinically for autoimmune diseases, and now provides promising treatment modalities as effective therapeutic agents against multiple types of cancer.
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21
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Antimicrobial immunotherapeutics: past, present and future. Emerg Top Life Sci 2021; 5:609-628. [PMID: 34196722 DOI: 10.1042/etls20200348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this age of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) there is an urgent need for novel antimicrobials. One area of recent interest is in developing antimicrobial effector molecules, and even cell-based therapies, based on those of the immune system. In this review, some of the more interesting approaches will be discussed, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, Interferons (IFNs), Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells, Antibodies, Vaccines and the potential role of trained immunity in protection from and/or treatment of infection.
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22
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Shen Y, Tang K, Chen D, Hong M, Sun F, Wang S, Ke Y, Wu T, Sun R, Qian J, Du Y. Riok3 inhibits the antiviral immune response by facilitating TRIM40-mediated RIG-I and MDA5 degradation. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109272. [PMID: 34161773 PMCID: PMC8363743 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The type I interferon (IFN) pathway is a key component of innate immune response upon invasion of foreign pathogens. It is also under precise control to prevent excessive upregulation and undesired inflammation cascade. In the present study, we report that Riok3, an atypical kinase, negatively regulates retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) sensing-induced type I IFN signaling. Riok3 deficiency selectively inhibits RNA viral replication in vitro, resulting from an upregulated type I IFN pathway. Mice with myeloid-specific Riok3 knockout also show a more robust induction of type I IFN upon RNA virus infection and are more resistant to RNA virus-induced pathogenesis. Mechanistically, Riok3 recruits and interacts with the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM40, leading to the degradation of RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene-5 (MDA5) via K48- and K27-linked ubiquitination. Collectively, our data reveal the mechanism that Riok3 employs to be a negative regulator of antiviral innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Shen
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kejun Tang
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Surgery, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Dongdong Chen
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Hong
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fangfang Sun
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - SaiSai Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuehai Ke
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Program in Molecular Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Wu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ren Sun
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The Hongkong University, Hongkong, China.
| | - Jing Qian
- Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Yushen Du
- Cancer Institute, ZJU-UCLA Joint Center for Medical Education and Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Bolko L, Jiang W, Tawara N, Landon-Cardinal O, Anquetil C, Benveniste O, Allenbach Y. The role of interferons type I, II and III in myositis: A review. Brain Pathol 2021; 31:e12955. [PMID: 34043262 PMCID: PMC8412069 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) is based on clinical, serological and histological criteria. The identification of myositis‐specific antibodies has helped to define more homogeneous groups of myositis into four dominant subsets: dermatomyositis (DM), antisynthetase syndrome (ASyS), sporadic inclusion body myositis (sIBM) and immune‐mediated necrotising myopathy (IMNM). sIBM and IMNM patients present predominantly with muscle involvement, whereas DM and ASyS patients present additionally with other extramuscular features, such as skin, lung and joints manifestations. Moreover, the pathophysiological mechanisms are distinct between each myositis subsets. Recently, interferon (IFN) pathways have been identified as key players implicated in the pathophysiology of myositis. In DM, the key role of IFN, especially type I IFN, has been supported by the identification of an IFN signature in muscle, blood and skin of DM patients. In addition, DM‐specific antibodies are targeting antigens involved in the IFN signalling pathways. The pathogenicity of type I IFN has been demonstrated by the identification of mutations in the IFN pathways leading to genetic diseases, the monogenic interferonopathies. This constitutive activation of IFN signalling pathways induces systemic manifestations such as interstitial lung disease, myositis and skin rashes. Since DM patients share similar features in the context of an acquired activation of the IFN signalling pathways, we may extend underlying concepts of monogenic diseases to acquired interferonopathy such as DM. Conversely, in ASyS, available data suggest a role of type II IFN in blood, muscle and lung. Indeed, transcriptomic analyses highlighted a type II IFN gene expression in ASyS muscle tissue. In sIBM, type II IFN appears to be an important cytokine involved in muscle inflammation mechanisms and potentially linked to myodegenerative features. For IMNM, currently published data are scarce, suggesting a minor implication of type II IFN. This review highlights the involvement of different IFN subtypes and their specific molecular mechanisms in each myositis subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Bolko
- Division of Rheumatology, Hopital Maison Blanche, Reims, France
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunlogy, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nozomu Tawara
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunlogy, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Océane Landon-Cardinal
- Division of Rheumatology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), CHUM Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Céline Anquetil
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunlogy, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Benveniste
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunlogy, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Yves Allenbach
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunlogy, Sorbonne Université, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France.,Centre de Recherche en Myologie, UMRS974, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Association Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
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Georgel P. Crosstalk between Interleukin-1β and Type I Interferons Signaling in Autoinflammatory Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051134. [PMID: 34066649 PMCID: PMC8150590 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and type I interferons (IFNs) are major cytokines involved in autoinflammatory/autoimmune diseases. Separately, the overproduction of each of these cytokines is well described and constitutes the hallmark of inflammasomopathies and interferonopathies, respectively. While their interaction and the crosstalk between their downstream signaling pathways has been mostly investigated in the frame of infectious diseases, little information on their interconnection is still available in the context of autoinflammation promoted by sterile triggers. In this review, we will examine the respective roles of IL-1β and type I IFNs in autoinflammatory/rheumatic diseases and analyze their potential connections in the pathophysiology of some of these diseases, which could reveal novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Georgel
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR_S 1109, Institut Thématique Interdisciplinaire (ITI) de Médecine de Précision de Strasbourg, Transplantex NG, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Université de Strasbourg, 67085 Strasbourg, France
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25
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Lork M, Lieber G, Hale BG. Proteomic Approaches to Dissect Host SUMOylation during Innate Antiviral Immune Responses. Viruses 2021; 13:528. [PMID: 33806893 PMCID: PMC8004987 DOI: 10.3390/v13030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a highly dynamic ubiquitin-like post-translational modification that is essential for cells to respond to and resolve various genotoxic and proteotoxic stresses. Virus infections also constitute a considerable stress scenario for cells, and recent research has started to uncover the diverse roles of SUMOylation in regulating virus replication, not least by impacting antiviral defenses. Here, we review some of the key findings of this virus-host interplay, and discuss the increasingly important contribution that large-scale, unbiased, proteomic methodologies are making to discoveries in this field. We highlight the latest proteomic technologies that have been specifically developed to understand SUMOylation dynamics in response to cellular stresses, and comment on how these techniques might be best applied to dissect the biology of SUMOylation during innate immunity. Furthermore, we showcase a selection of studies that have already used SUMO proteomics to reveal novel aspects of host innate defense against viruses, such as functional cross-talk between SUMO proteins and other ubiquitin-like modifiers, viral antagonism of SUMO-modified antiviral restriction factors, and an infection-triggered SUMO-switch that releases endogenous retroelement RNAs to stimulate antiviral interferon responses. Future research in this area has the potential to provide new and diverse mechanistic insights into host immune defenses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Benjamin G. Hale
- Institute of Medical Virology, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (M.L.); (G.L.)
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26
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Di Cola I, Ruscitti P, Giacomelli R, Cipriani P. The Pathogenic Role of Interferons in the Hyperinflammatory Response on Adult-Onset Still's Disease and Macrophage Activation Syndrome: Paving the Way towards New Therapeutic Targets. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061164. [PMID: 33802085 PMCID: PMC7999936 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown aetiology affecting young adults, which is burdened by life-threatening complications, mostly macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). Interferons (IFNs) are signalling molecules that mediate a variety of biological functions from defence against viral infections, to antitumor and immunomodulatory effects. These molecules have been classified into three major types: IFN I, IFN II, IFN III, presenting specific characteristics and functions. In this work, we reviewed the role of IFNs on AOSD and MAS, focusing on their pathogenic role in promoting the hyperinflammatory response and as new possible therapeutic targets. In fact, both preclinical and clinical observations suggested that these molecules could promote the hyperinflammatory response in MAS during AOSD. Furthermore, the positive results of inhibiting IFN-γ in primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis may provide a solid rationale to arrange further clinical studies, paving the way for reducing the high mortality rate in MAS during AOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Di Cola
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.D.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Piero Ruscitti
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.D.C.); (P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-086-243-4742 or +39-086-243-3523
| | - Roberto Giacomelli
- Rheumatology and Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rome Campus Biomedico, 00128 Rome, Italy;
| | - Paola Cipriani
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (I.D.C.); (P.C.)
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The main purpose of this review is to present advances in diagnostics of central nervous system vasculitis (CNS-V). RECENT FINDINGS Progress in molecular technologies and neuroimaging have added formidably to our knowledge of CNS-V. Next-generation sequencing has the promise to enhance our ability to diagnose, interrogate, and track infectious diseases, making this test attractive and capable of avoiding brain biopsy in cases where CNS infections are suspected. Further the continuum of neuroimaging progress has advanced our ability to diagnose CNS-V. Our capability to visualize the vessel wall have added a great value in differentiating inflammatory from noninflammatory vasculopathies. New genetic variations are being exposed with exome and genome sequences which will aid future diagnosis. SUMMARY We have witnessed tremendous advances in CNS-V mainly by our ability to rule out mimics. Progress in molecular technologies, neuroimaging and genetic studies will continue to enhance the field further.
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28
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Hu Q, Zhou Q, Xia X, Shao L, Wang M, Lu X, Liu S, Guan W. Cytosolic sensor STING in mucosal immunity: a master regulator of gut inflammation and carcinogenesis. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:39. [PMID: 33485379 PMCID: PMC7825222 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) connects microbial cytosolic sensing with host cell effector functions. STING signaling plays a central role in cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) and DNA sensing to induce secretion of interferons and pro-inflammatory mediators. Although activated STING signaling favors antimicrobial progress and facilitates mucosal would healing, its role in mucosal immunity and gut homeostasis is paradoxical, ranging from positive and negative effects within the gut. In our review, we summarize recent advance of STING signaling in gut homeostasis and inflammation, especially focusing on its molecular basis in mucosal immune response. Deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of intestinal STING pathway could promote clinical manipulation of this fundamental signaling as a promising immunomodulatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyuan Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Lihua Shao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Song Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.
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29
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Recognize Yourself-Innate Sensing of Non-LTR Retrotransposons. Viruses 2021; 13:v13010094. [PMID: 33445593 PMCID: PMC7827607 DOI: 10.3390/v13010094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mobile genetic elements, or transposons, have played an important role in genome evolution, excess activity of mobile elements can have detrimental consequences. Already, the enhanced expression of transposons-derived nucleic acids can trigger autoimmune reactions that may result in severe autoinflammatory disorders. Thus, cells contain several layers of protective measures to restrict transposons and to sense the enhanced activity of these “intragenomic pathogens”. This review focuses on our current understanding of immunogenic patterns derived from the most active elements in humans, the retrotransposons long interspersed element (LINE)-1 and Alu. We describe the role of known pattern recognition receptors in nucleic acid sensing of LINE-1 and Alu and the possible consequences for autoimmune diseases.
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30
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Abstract
The type I interferonopathies comprise a heterogenous group of monogenic diseases associated with a constitutive activation of type I interferon signaling.The elucidation of the genetic causes of this group of diseases revealed an alteration of nucleic acid processing and signaling.ADAR1 is among the genes found mutated in patients with this type of disorders.This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolytic deamination of adenosines in inosines within a double-stranded RNA target (RNA editing of A to I). This RNA modification is widespread in human cells and deregulated in a variety of human diseases, ranging from cancers to neurological abnormalities.In this review, we briefly summarize the knowledge about the RNA editing alterations occurring in patients with mutations in ADAR1 gene and how these alterations might cause the inappropriate IFN activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loredana Frassinelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Galardi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Anna Ciafrè
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Michienzi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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31
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LncRNA Malat1 inhibition of TDP43 cleavage suppresses IRF3-initiated antiviral innate immunity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:23695-23706. [PMID: 32907941 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2003932117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the regulation of antiviral innate immune responses need to be further identified. By functionally screening the lncRNAs in macrophages, here we identified lncRNA Malat1, abundant in the nucleus but significantly down-regulated after viral infection, as a negative regulator of antiviral type I IFN (IFN-I) production. Malat1 directly bound to the transactive response DNA-binding protein (TDP43) in the nucleus and prevented activation of TDP43 by blocking the activated caspase-3-mediated TDP43 cleavage to TDP35. The cleaved TDP35 increased the nuclear IRF3 protein level by binding and degrading Rbck1 pre-mRNA to prevent IRF3 proteasomal degradation upon viral infection, thus selectively promoting antiviral IFN-I production. Deficiency of Malat1 enhanced antiviral innate responses in vivo, accompanying the increased IFN-I production and reduced viral burden. Importantly, the reduced MALAT1, augmented IRF3, and increased IFNA mRNA were found in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Therefore, the down-regulation of MALAT1 in virus-infected cells or in human cells from autoimmune diseases will increase host resistance against viral infection or lead to autoinflammatory interferonopathies via the increased type I IFN production. Our results demonstrate that the nuclear Malat1 suppresses antiviral innate responses by targeting TDP43 activation via RNA-RBP interactive network, adding insight to the molecular regulation of innate responses and autoimmune pathogenesis.
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32
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Nasonov EL, Lila AM. BARICITINIB: NEW PHARMACOTHERAPY OPTIONS FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND OTHER IMMUNE-MEDIATED INFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES. RHEUMATOLOGY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2020. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2020-304-316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of immune-mediated inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IMIRDs) in conjunction with designing a wide range of biological agents is one of the major medical advances in the 21st century. A new promising area of pharmacotherapy for IMIRDs is associated with the design of the so-called targeted oral medications that primarily include Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors. The review presents new data on the efficacy and safety of the new JAK inhibitor baricitinib in treating rheumatoid arthritis and other IMIRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - A. M. Lila
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology; Russian Medical Academy of
Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia
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33
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Lin H, Cao X. Nuclear innate sensors for nucleic acids in immunity and inflammation. Immunol Rev 2020; 297:162-173. [PMID: 32564422 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Innate sensors recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) to initiate innate immune response by activating downstream signaling. These evolutionarily conserved innate sensors usually locate in the plasma membrane or cytoplasm. However, the nucleus-localized innate sensors are recently found to detect pathogenic nucleic acids for initiating innate response, demonstrating a complicated crosstalk with cytoplasmic sensors and signaling molecules to form an elaborate tiered innate signaling network between nucleus and cytoplasm. Furthermore, these nuclear innate sensors evolve varied mechanisms for discriminating self from non-self nucleic acids to maintain immune homeostasis and avoid autoinflammatory immune response. In this review, we summarize the recent findings on the identification of nuclear innate sensors for nucleic acids, such as hnRNPA2B1, IFI16, SAFA, and their roles in host defense and inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Lin
- Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Center for Immunotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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34
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De Souza DP, Achuthan A, Lee MK, Binger KJ, Lee MC, Davidson S, Tull DL, McConville MJ, Cook AD, Murphy AJ, Hamilton JA, Fleetwood AJ. Autocrine IFN-I inhibits isocitrate dehydrogenase in the TCA cycle of LPS-stimulated macrophages. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:4239-4244. [PMID: 31483287 DOI: 10.1172/jci127597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation in response to LPS is coupled to profound metabolic changes, typified by accumulation of the TCA cycle intermediates citrate, itaconate, and succinate. We have identified that endogenous type I IFN controls the cellular citrate/α-ketoglutarate ratio and inhibits expression and activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH); and, via 13C-labeling studies, demonstrated that autocrine type I IFN controls carbon flow through IDH in LPS-activated macrophages. We also found that type I IFN-driven IL-10 contributes to inhibition of IDH activity and itaconate synthesis in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Our findings have identified the autocrine type I IFN pathway as being responsible for the inhibition of IDH in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P De Souza
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian Achuthan
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Man Ks Lee
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katrina J Binger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ming-Chin Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sophia Davidson
- Inflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dedreia L Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew D Cook
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Haematopoiesis and Leukocyte Biology, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John A Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), University of Melbourne and Western Health, St. Albans, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Fleetwood
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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35
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Tang C, Li S, Zhang K, Li J, Han Y, Zhan T, Zhao Q, Guo X, Zhang J. Selenium deficiency-induced redox imbalance leads to metabolic reprogramming and inflammation in the liver. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101519. [PMID: 32531544 PMCID: PMC7287308 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) intake disequilibrium is associated with many human diseases (e.g., Keshan disease and type 2 diabetes). To understand the mechanism of Se deficiency-induced hepatic pathogenesis, a pure line pig model was established by feeding a diet with either 0.07 mg/kg Se or 0.3 mg/kg Se for 16 weeks. The hepatic metabolome, lipidome, global proteome, and whole transcriptome were analyzed. Se deficiency causes a redox imbalance via regulation of selenoproteins at both the mRNA and protein level, and blocks the glutathione anti-oxidant system along with enhanced glutathione synthesis and catabolism. The Warburg effect was observed by enhanced activation of the glycolysis and phosphate pentose pathways. The tricarboxylic acid cycle was dysfunctional since the preliminary metabolites decreased and shifted from using glycolysis origin substrates to a glutamine catabolism-preferred metabolic mode. The reprogrammed central carbon metabolism induced widely restrained lipid synthesis. In addition, a Se deficiency initiated inflammation by activating the NF-κB pathway through multiple mechanisms. These results identified the potential metabolic vulnerability of the liver in response to a Se deficiency-induced redox imbalance and possible therapeutic or intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunsheng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tengfei Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; Scientific Observing and Experiment Station of Animal Genetic Resources and Nutrition in North China of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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36
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Yang Y, Zhou D, Zhao B, Cao Y, Yu J, Yan H, Zhao W, Zhang E, Yang J, Zhong M, Hu Q, Deng L, Yan H. Immunoglobulin A Targeting on the N-Terminal Moiety of Viral Phosphoprotein Prevents Measles Virus from Evading Interferon-β Signaling. ACS Infect Dis 2020; 6:844-856. [PMID: 32119519 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) can inhibit intracellular viral replication during its transport across the epithelial cells. We find a monoclonal IgA antibody 7F1-IgA against the N-terminal moiety of the phosphoprotein (PNT) of measles virus (MV), which inhibits the intracellular replication of MV in Caco-2 cells but not in interferon-deficient Vero-pIgR cells. Transcytosis of 7F1-IgA across the MV-infected Caco-2 cells enhances the production of interferon-β (IFN-β) and the expression of IFN-stimulated genes, rendering Caco-2 cells with higher antiviral immunity. 7F1-IgA specifically interacts with MV phosphoprotein inside the MV-infected Caco-2 cell and prevents MV phosphoprotein from inhibiting the phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT1. The intraepithelial interaction between 7F1-IgA and the viral phosphoprotein results in an earlier and stronger phosphorylation of JAK1 and STAT1 and, consequently, a more efficient nuclear translocation of STAT1 for the activation of the type I interferon pathway. Thus, IgA against phosphoprotein prevents a virus from evading type I IFN signaling and confers host epithelial cells efficient innate antiviral immunity, which potentiates a new antiviral target and an antiviral strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dihan Zhou
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Bali Zhao
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hu Yan
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ejuan Zhang
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Jingyi Yang
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Maohua Zhong
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Qinxue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Li Deng
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
| | - Huimin Yan
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
- The Joint Laboratory for Translational Precision Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- Mucosal Immunity Research Group, State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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37
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Dyevoich AM, Haas KM. Type I IFN, Ly6C + cells, and Phagocytes Support Suppression of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis Elicited by a TLR and CLR Agonist Combination. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:1232-1242. [PMID: 32188623 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic cancer involving spread to the peritoneal cavity is referred to as peritoneal carcinomatosis and has a very poor prognosis. Our previous study demonstrated a Toll-like receptor and C-type lectin receptor agonist pairing of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) and trehalose-6,6'-dicorynomycolate (TDCM) effectively inhibits tumor growth and ascites development following TA3-Ha and EL4 challenge through a mechanism dependent on B-1a cell-produced natural IgM and complement. In this study, we investigated additional players in the MPL/TDCM-elicited response. MPL/TDCM treatment rapidly increased type I IFN levels in the peritoneal cavity along with myeloid cell numbers, including macrophages and Ly6Chi monocytes. Type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1-/-) mice produced tumor-reactive IgM following MPL/TDCM treatment, but failed to recruit Ly6C+ monocytes and were not afforded protection during tumor challenges. Clodronate liposome depletion of phagocytic cells, as well as targeted depletion of Ly6C+ cells, also ablated MPL/TDCM-induced protection. Cytotoxic mediators known to be produced by these cells were required for effects. TNFα was required for effective TA3-Ha killing and nitric oxide was required for EL4 killing. Collectively, these data reveal a model whereby MPL/TDCM-elicited antitumor effects strongly depend on innate cell responses, with B-1a cell-produced tumor-reactive IgM and complement pairing with myeloid cell-produced cytotoxic mediators to effectively eradicate tumors in the peritoneal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Dyevoich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Karen M Haas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
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Sönmez HE, Karaaslan C, de Jesus AA, Batu ED, Anlar B, Sözeri B, Bilginer Y, Karaguzel D, Ayvaz DC, Tezcan I, Goldbach-Mansky R, Ozen S. A clinical score to guide in decision making for monogenic type I IFNopathies. Pediatr Res 2020; 87:745-752. [PMID: 31641281 PMCID: PMC8425764 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-019-0614-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a set of clinical criteria that identifies patients with a potential autoinflammatory IFNopathy. METHODS Based on a literature review, a set of clinical criteria identifying genetically confirmed monogenic IFNopathies was selected. For validation, the clinical score was assessed in healthy controls (HCs) and 18 disease controls, including 2 known autoimmune IFNopathies, juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE, n = 4) and dermatomyositis (JDM, n = 4); adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency (DADA2, n = 4); and oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (oJIA, n = 6). We assessed an IFN score (IRG-S) in whole blood by NanoString using a previously published 28-gene-IRG-S and a reduced 6-gene-IRG-S. RESULTS The 12 patients with a possible IFNopathy had higher clinical scores (3-5) than the patients with sJLE, JDM, DADA2, and oJIA and in HCs. Both the 28-IRG-S and 6-IRG-S were significantly higher in the autoinflammatory IFNopathy patients compared to HCs and oJIA and DADA2 patients but not different from patients with JSLE and JDM. Subsequently, genetic analysis revealed mutations in genes previously reported in genes related to the IFN pathway in 9 of the 12 patients. CONCLUSION We developed a clinical score to identify patients with possible autoinflammatory IFNopathies. A clinical score was associated with a high IRG-S and may serve to identify patients with an autoinflammatory IFNopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafize Emine Sönmez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Karaaslan
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adriana A. de Jesus
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ezgi Deniz Batu
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Banu Anlar
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betül Sözeri
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Umraniye Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yelda Bilginer
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dilara Karaguzel
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, Hacettepe University Faculty of Science, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cagdas Ayvaz
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Raphaela Goldbach-Mansky
- Translational Autoinflammatory Diseases Section (TADS), Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seza Ozen
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Chetaille Nézondet AL, Poubelle PE, Pelletier M. The evaluation of cytokines to help establish diagnosis and guide treatment of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:647-657. [PMID: 32040246 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5mr0120-218rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge of the role of cytokines in pathologic conditions has increased considerably with the emergence of molecular and genetic studies, particularly in the case of autoinflammatory monogenic diseases. Many rare disorders, considered orphan until recently, are directly related to abnormal gene regulation, and the treatment with biologic agents (biologics) targeting cytokine receptors, intracellular signaling or specific cytokines improve the symptoms of an increasing number of chronic inflammatory diseases. As it is currently impossible to systematically conduct genetic studies for all patients with autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, the evaluation of cytokines can be seen as a simple, less time consuming, and less expensive alternative. This approach could be especially useful when the diagnosis of syndromes of diseases of unknown etiology remains problematic. The evaluation of cytokines could also help avoid the current trial-and-error approach, which has the disadvantages of exposing patients to ineffective drugs with possible unnecessary side effects and permanent organ damages. In this review, we discuss the various possibilities, as well as the limitations of evaluating the cytokine profiles of patients suffering from autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, with methods such as direct detection of cytokines in the plasma/serum or following ex vivo stimulation of PBMCs leading to the production of their cytokine secretome. The patients' secretome, combined with biomarkers ranging from genetic and epigenetic analyses to immunologic biomarkers, may help not only the diagnosis but also guide the choice of biologics for more efficient and rapid treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Laure Chetaille Nézondet
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Reproduction, Mother and Youth Health Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrice E Poubelle
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, Canada.,Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada.,ARThrite Research Center, Laval University, Québec, Canada
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40
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TYK2 in Tumor Immunosurveillance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010150. [PMID: 31936322 PMCID: PMC7017180 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We review the history of the tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2) as the founding member of the Janus kinase (JAK) family and outline its structure-function relation. Gene-targeted mice and hereditary defects of TYK2 in men have established the biological and pathological functions of TYK2 in innate and adaptive immune responses to infection and cancer and in (auto-)inflammation. We describe the architecture of the main cytokine receptor families associated with TYK2, which activate signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). We summarize the cytokine receptor activities with well characterized dependency on TYK2, the types of cells that respond to cytokines and TYK2 signaling-induced cytokine production. TYK2 may drive beneficial or detrimental activities, which we explain based on the concepts of tumor immunoediting and the cancer-immunity cycle in the tumor microenvironment. Finally, we summarize current knowledge of TYK2 functions in mouse models of tumor surveillance. The biology and biochemistry of JAKs, TYK2-dependent cytokines and cytokine signaling in tumor surveillance are well covered in recent reviews and the oncogenic properties of TYK2 are reviewed in the recent Special Issue ‘Targeting STAT3 and STAT5 in Cancer’ of Cancers.
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41
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The Caenorhabditis elegans RIG-I Homolog DRH-1 Mediates the Intracellular Pathogen Response upon Viral Infection. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.01173-19. [PMID: 31619561 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01173-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors detect viral double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and 5'-triphosphorylated RNA to activate the transcription of interferon genes and promote antiviral defense. The Caenorhabditis elegans RIG-I-like receptor DRH-1 promotes defense through antiviral RNA interference (RNAi), but less is known about its role in regulating transcription. Here, we describe a role for DRH-1 in directing a transcriptional response in C. elegans called the intracellular pathogen response (IPR), which is associated with increased pathogen resistance. The IPR includes a set of genes induced by diverse stimuli, including intracellular infection and proteotoxic stress. Previous work suggested that the proteotoxic stress caused by intracellular infections might be the common trigger of the IPR, but here, we demonstrate that different stimuli act through distinct pathways. Specifically, we demonstrate that DRH-1/RIG-I is required for inducing the IPR in response to Orsay virus infection but not in response to other triggers like microsporidian infection or proteotoxic stress. Furthermore, DRH-1 appears to be acting independently of its known role in RNAi. Interestingly, expression of the replication-competent Orsay virus RNA1 segment alone is sufficient to induce most of the IPR genes in a manner dependent on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity and on DRH-1. Altogether, these results suggest that DRH-1 is a pattern recognition receptor that detects viral replication products to activate the IPR stress/immune program in C. elegans IMPORTANCE C. elegans lacks homologs of most mammalian pattern recognition receptors, and how nematodes detect pathogens is poorly understood. We show that the C. elegans RIG-I homolog DRH-1 mediates the induction of the intracellular pathogen response (IPR), a novel transcriptional defense program, in response to infection by the natural C. elegans viral pathogen Orsay virus. DRH-1 appears to act as a pattern recognition receptor to induce the IPR transcriptional defense program by sensing the products of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity. Interestingly, this signaling role of DRH-1 is separable from its previously known role in antiviral RNAi. In addition, we show that there are multiple host pathways for inducing the IPR, shedding light on the regulation of this novel transcriptional immune response.
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42
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Deng B, Lin Y, Chen Y, Ma S, Cai Q, Wang W, Li B, Liu T, Zhou P, He R, Ding F. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote acute kidney injury by producing interferon-α. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:219-229. [PMID: 31900458 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical complication associated with high mortality in patients. Immune cells and cytokines have recently been described to play essential roles in AKI pathogenesis. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique DC subset that specializes in type I interferon (IFN) production. Here, we showed that pDCs rapidly infiltrated the kidney in response to AKI and contributed to kidney damage by producing IFN-α. Deletion of pDCs using DTRBDCA2 transgenic (Tg) mice suppressed cisplatin-induced AKI, accompanied by marked reductions in proinflammatory cytokine production, immune cell infiltration and apoptosis in the kidney. In contrast, adoptive transfer of pDCs during AKI exacerbated kidney damage. We further identified IFN-α as the key factor that mediated the functions of pDCs during AKI, as IFN-α neutralization significantly attenuated kidney injury. Furthermore, IFN-α produced by pDCs directly induced the apoptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) in vitro. In addition, our data demonstrated that apoptotic TECs induced the activation of pDCs, which was inhibited in the presence of an apoptosis inhibitor. Furthermore, similar deleterious effects of pDCs were observed in an ischemia reperfusion (IR)-induced AKI model. Clinically, increased expression of IFN-α in kidney biopsies was observed in kidney transplants with AKI. Taken together, the results of our study reveal that pDCs play a detrimental role in AKI via IFN-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuli Lin
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Yusheng Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, 200120, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Ma
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Cai
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenji Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingji Li
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingyan Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Peihui Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui He
- Department of Immunology and Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministries of Education and Health, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Feng Ding
- Division of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 200011, Shanghai, China.
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Aiello A, Giannessi F, Percario ZA, Affabris E. An emerging interplay between extracellular vesicles and cytokines. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 51:49-60. [PMID: 31874738 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membrane-bound particles that are naturally released from cells. They are recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Because of their capacity to carry biological macromolecules such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, EVs influence different physiological and pathological functions of both parental and recipient cells. Although multiple pathways have been proposed for cytokine secretion beyond the classical ER/Golgi route, EVs have recently recognized as an alternative secretory mechanism. Interestingly, cytokines/chemokines exploit these vesicles to be released into the extracellular milieu, and also appear to modulate their release, trafficking and/or content. In this review, we provide an overview of the cytokines/chemokines that are known to be associated with EVs or their regulation with a focus on TNFα, IL-1β and IFNs.
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44
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Zhang H, You QD, Xu XL. Targeting Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING): A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective. J Med Chem 2019; 63:3785-3816. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qi-Dong You
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiang Su Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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45
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Abstract
The pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases has shed light on the concept of inflammation in general and on our understanding of the role of the innate immune system. The autoinflammatory diseases have a large spectrum with varying features of inflammation. The most common autoinflammatory diseases are those associated with periodic fevers. The delay in diagnosis of these four common diseases (familial Mediterranean fever, cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndrome, mevalonate kinase deficiency, and TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome) results in secondary amyloidosis of the kidney. The new work towards classification criteria for these diseases is presented. Recently a group of autoinflammatory diseases that are associated with vasculitis have also been identified. These are stimulators of interferon genes (STING)-associated vasculopathy of infancy (SAVI), which is a monogenic defect associated with excessive activity in interferon alpha and deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2, which is characterized by a polyarteritis nodosa-like picture. These monogenic diseases are now in our differential diagnosis of vasculitides. Secondary amyloidosis is a complication of autoinflammatory diseases. Understanding the inflammatory mechanisms in these diseases has led to the use of targeted biologics for this complication. It is hoped that enlightening the mechanisms underlying these monogenic autoinflammatory diseases will also teach us about the pathways in common diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seza Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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46
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Bergallo M, Ferrari L, Faolotto G, Balbo PE, Montanari P, Patrucco F, Gavelli F, Daverio M, Bellan M, Salmi L, Castello LM, Ravanini P. Interferon signature in immunosuppressed patients with lower respiratory tract infections: dosage on bronchoalveolar lavage. Minerva Med 2019; 111:245-253. [PMID: 31755671 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4806.19.06334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Interferon signature (IS) is the measure of transcripts belonging to pathways of interferon activation. Viral infections can interfere with the interferon pathway, in particular herpesvirus present in immunocompromised hosts. The aim of our study was to evaluate if herpesvirus infections in immunocompromised patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) could lead to IS alterations. METHODS We measured IS transcription of six genes on bronchoalveolar lavage of immunocompromised patients with LRTI (IFI27, IFI44, IFIT1, ISG15, RSAD2, SIGLEC1). Patients were divided in three groups based on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and other herpesviruses coinfections. RESULTS We included 56 patients, 10 without and 17 with only EBV reactivation (respectively N and E groups) and 29 with EBV and other herpesviruses (group C). IS was higher in group C (P=0.01) compared to other ones, but single gene expressions were different among groups: IFI27 was higher whereas IFIT1 and ISG15 were lower in group C (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The continuous stimulation of interferon cascade by herpesviruses enhances IS. The analysis of IS in immunocompromised population is possible by limiting the use of IFI27, IFIT1, ISG15 genes. Our preliminary results seem to indicate that IS is a useful biomarker of cellular response to herpesvirus infection in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Bergallo
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Linda Ferrari
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Faolotto
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Piero E Balbo
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Paola Montanari
- Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Filippo Patrucco
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy - .,Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Gavelli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Matteo Daverio
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.,Center for Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases (CAAD), Novara, Italy.,Immunorheumatology Unit, Division of Internal Medicine, Medical Department, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Livia Salmi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Luigi M Castello
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Ravanini
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy
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Nasonov EL, Avdeeva AS. IMMUNOINFLAMMATORY RHEUMATIC DISEASES ASSOCIATED WITH TYPE I INTERFERON: NEW EVIDENCE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.14412/1995-4484-2019-452-461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) are a large group of pathological conditions with impaired immunological tolerance to autogenous tissues, leading to inflammation and irreversible organ damage. The review discusses current ideas on the role of type I interferons in the immunopathogenesis of IIRDs, primarily systemic lupus erythematosus, and new possibilities for personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. L. Nasonov
- V.A. Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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48
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Nasonov EL. [New directions of pharmacotherapy of immune - inflammatory rheumatic diseases]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2019; 91:98-107. [PMID: 32598760 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2019.08.000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering immunopathogenesis, expanding the scope of diagnostics and developing new methods for treating human autoimmune diseases are among the priority areas of XXI century medicine. Particularly widely autoimmune pathology is presented in immunoinflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, systemic vasculitis associated with the synthesis of antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies, Sjogren's syndrome, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and other other types of others. Deciphering the pathogenesis mechanisms of IIRD created the prerequisites for improving pharmacotherapy, which in the future should lead to a dramatic improvement in the prognosis for these diseases. The review discusses new approaches to IIRD pharmacotherapy associated with the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, IL-17, IL-23, and the prospects for using Janus kinase inhibitors, depending on the prevailing pathogenesis mechanisms - autoimmunity or autoinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E L Nasonov
- Nasonova Research Institute of Rheumatology.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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49
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Severa M, Rizzo F, Srinivasan S, Di Dario M, Giacomini E, Buscarinu MC, Cruciani M, Etna MP, Sandini S, Mechelli R, Farina A, Trivedi P, Hertzog PJ, Salvetti M, Farina C, Coccia EM. A cell type-specific transcriptomic approach to map B cell and monocyte type I interferon-linked pathogenic signatures in Multiple Sclerosis. J Autoimmun 2019; 101:1-16. [PMID: 31047767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alteration in endogenous Interferon (IFN) system may profoundly impact immune cell function in autoimmune diseases. Here, we provide evidence that dysregulation in IFN-regulated genes and pathways are involved in B cell- and monocyte-driven pathogenic contribution to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) development and maintenance. In particular, by using an Interferome-based cell type-specific approach, we characterized an increased susceptibility to an IFN-linked caspase-3 dependent apoptotic cell death in both B cells and monocytes of MS patients that may arise from their chronic activation and persistent stimulation by activated T cells. Ongoing caspase-3 activation functionally impacts on MS monocyte properties influencing the STAT-3/IL-16 axis, thus, driving increased expression and massive release of the bio-active IL-16 triggering and perpetuating CD4+ T cell migration. Importantly, our analysis also identified a previously unknown multi-component defect in type I IFN-mediated signaling and response to virus pathways specific of MS B cells, impacting on induction of anti-viral responses and Epstein-barr virus infection control in patients. Taking advantage of cell type-specific transcriptomics and in-depth functional validation, this study revealed pathogenic contribution of endogenous IFN signaling and IFN-regulated cell processes to MS pathogenesis with implications on fate and functions of B cells and monocytes that may hold therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Severa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fabiana Rizzo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Sundararajan Srinivasan
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Di Dario
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Giacomini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Buscarinu
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Melania Cruciani
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilena P Etna
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Sandini
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosella Mechelli
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Department of Human Science and Promotion of Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University and IRCCS San Raffaele-Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Farina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Paul J Hertzog
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Marco Salvetti
- Center for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | - Cinthia Farina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Eliana M Coccia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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Kumar V. A STING to inflammation and autoimmunity. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 106:171-185. [PMID: 30990921 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.4mir1018-397rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Various intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize cytosolic pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a cytosolic PRR, recognizes cytosolic nucleic acids including dsDNAs. The recognition of dsDNA by cGAS generates cyclic GMP-AMP (GAMP). The cGAMP is then recognized by STING generating type 1 IFNs and NF-κB-mediated generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and molecules. Thus, cGAS-STING signaling mediated recognition of cytosolic dsDNA causing the induction of type 1 IFNs plays a crucial role in innate immunity against cytosolic pathogens, PAMPs, and DAMPs. The overactivation of this system may lead to the development of autoinflammation and autoimmune diseases. The article opens with the introduction of different PRRs involved in the intracellular recognition of dsDNA and gives a brief introduction of cGAS-STING signaling. The second section briefly describes cGAS as intracellular PRR required to recognize intracellular nucleic acids (dsDNA and CDNs) and the formation of cGAMP. The cGAMP acts as a second messenger to activate STING- and TANK-binding kinase 1-mediated generation of type 1 IFNs and the activation of NF-κB. The third section of the article describes the role of cGAS-STING signaling in the induction of autoinflammation and various autoimmune diseases. The subsequent fourth section describes both chemical compounds developed and the endogenous negative regulators of cGAS-STING signaling required for its regulation. Therapeutic targeting of cGAS-STING signaling could offer new ways to treat inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Children's Health Queensland Clinical Unit, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mater Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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