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Song M, Yuan M, Jeong S, Bae H. Thickness of hydrogel for nitrifying biomass entrapment determines the free ammonia susceptibility differently in batch and continuous modes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9353. [PMID: 37291176 PMCID: PMC10250323 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels immobilizing nitrifying bacteria with different thicknesses of 0.55 and 1.13 cm (HG-0.55 and HG-1.13, respectively) were produced. It was recognized that the thickness of media is a crucial parameter that affects both the stability and efficiency of wastewater treatment. Batch mode experiments were conducted to quantify specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) values at various total ammonium nitrogen (TAN) concentrations and pH levels. In the batch test, HG-0.55 exhibited 2.4 times higher nitrifying activity than HG-1.13, with corresponding SOUR values of 0.00768 and 0.00317 mg-O2/L mL-PVA min, respectively. However, HG-0.55 was more susceptible to free ammonia (FA) toxicity than HG-1.13, resulting in a reduction of 80% and 50% in SOUR values for HG-0.55 and -1.13, respectively, upon increasing the FA concentration from 15.73 to 118.12 mg-FA/L. Continuous mode experiments were conducted to assess the partial nitritation (PN) efficiency in practical applications, where continuous wastewater inflow maintains low FA toxicity through high ammonia-oxidizing rates. With step-wise TAN concentration increases, HG-0.55 experienced a gentler increase in FA concentration compared to HG-1.13. At a nitrogen loading rate of 0.78-0.95 kg-N/m3 day, the FA increase rate for HG-0.55 was 0.0179 kg-FA/m3 day, while that of HG-1.13 was 0.0516 kg-FA/m3 day. In the batch mode, where wastewater is introduced all at once, the high accumulation of FA posed a disadvantage for the FA-susceptible HG-0.55, which made it unsuitable for application. However, in the continuous mode, the thinner HG-0.55, with its larger surface area and high ammonia oxidation activity, proved to be suitable and demonstrated its effectiveness. This study provides valuable insights and a framework for the utilization strategy of immobilized gels in addressing the toxic effects of FA in practical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Song
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Jeong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyokwan Bae
- Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Eonyang-eup, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Abd AA, Kadhim Shabbani HJ, Helwani Z, Othman MR. Experimental study and static numerical optimization of scalable design of non-adiabatic and non-isothermal pressure swing adsorption for biogas upgrading. ENERGY 2022; 257:124781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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3
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Advances in the role of natural gums-based hydrogels in water purification, desalination and atmospheric-water harvesting. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2888-2921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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4
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Wang Q, Feng Q, Hu G, Gao Z, Zhu X, Epua Epri J. Simultaneous determination of seven bisphenol analogues in surface water by solid-phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.107098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Chen Y, Li X, Zizeng W, Feng L, Xie J, Lin Z, Xu Z, Liu B, Li X, Zheng H. Research on a new cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) with a cationic microblock structure and its enhanced effect on sludge condition and dewatering. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:51865-51878. [PMID: 33990923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14325-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Flocculation is one of the commonly used sludge conditioning methods in water supply plants, which can improve the sludge dewatering performance by reducing the specific resistance of sludge (SRF), decreasing the amount of sludge, and finally lowering the transportation cost and subsequent disposal cost of sludge. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop new and efficient flocculants. In this paper, the template copolymer of acryloxy trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) and acrylamide (AM) was successfully synthesized by microwave-template copolymerization (MV-TP) using sodium polyacrylate (NaPAA) as template. The template copolymer was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectroscopy (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that this template copolymer had obvious cationic microblock structure. In addition, the test results of association constant (KM) and polymerization kinetics showed that the MW-TP was assigned to free radical initiated polymerization and the polymerization mechanism was I Zip-up (ZIP). It confirmed the formation of cation fragment structure again. Due to its dense positive charges in this new cationic microblock structure, it greatly improved the functions of electric neutralization, electrical patching, and adsorption bridging. The cationic fragment structure in the template copolymer could help to generate large and dense floc structure and form stable drainage channels. Under external pressure, these large and compact floc structures had greater compressive resistance, which avoided deformation and blockage of drainage channels and voids. It was beneficial to reduce SRF and evidently enhanced sludge dewatering performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Chen
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuhao Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Zizeng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiehong Xie
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeluan Lin
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Xu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, No 100, Waihuan Xi Road, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Energy Engineering Mechanics & Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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6
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Wang KJ, Wang PS, Nguyen HP. A data-driven optimization model for coagulant dosage decision in industrial wastewater treatment. Comput Chem Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2021.107383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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7
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Mendoza-Chávez CE, Carabin A, Dirany A, Drogui P, Buelna G, Meza-Montenegro MM, Ulloa-Mercado RG, Diaz-Tenorio LM, Leyva-Soto LA, Gortáres-Moroyoqui P. Statistical optimization of arsenic removal from synthetic water by electrocoagulation system and its application with real arsenic-polluted groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3463-3474. [PMID: 32072869 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1732472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic presence in the water has become one of the most concerning environmental problems. Electrocoagulation is a technology that offers several advantages over conventional treatments such as chemical coagulation. In the present work, an electrocoagulation system was optimized for arsenic removal at initial concentrations of 100 µg/L using response surface methodology. The effects of studied parameters were determined by a 23 factorial design, whereas treatment time had a positive effect and current intensity had a negative effect on arsenic removal efficiency. With a p-value of 0.1629 and a confidence of level 99%, the type of electrode material did not have a significant effect on arsenic removal. Efficiency over 90% was reached at optimal operating conditions of 0.2 A of current intensity, and 7 min of treatment time using iron as the electrode material. However, the time necessary to accomplish with OMS arsenic guideline of 10 µg/L increased from 7 to 30 min when real arsenic-contaminated groundwater with an initial concentration of 80.2 ± 3.24 µg/L was used. The design of a pilot-scale electrocoagulation reactor was determined with the capacity to meet the water requirement of a 6417 population community in Sonora, Mexico. To provide the 1.0 L/s required, an electrocoagulation reactor with a working volume of 1.79 m3, a total electrode effective surface of 701 m2, operating at a current intensity of 180 A and an operating cost of 0.0208 US$/day was proposed. Based on these results, electrocoagulation can be considered an efficient technology to treat arsenic-contaminated water and meet the drinking water quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Erika Mendoza-Chávez
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
| | - Anne Carabin
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), Université du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Ahmad Dirany
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), Université du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Patrick Drogui
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), Université du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gerardo Buelna
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique - Centre Eau, Terre et Environnement (INRS-ETE), Université du Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - María Mercedes Meza-Montenegro
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
| | - Ruth Gabriela Ulloa-Mercado
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
| | - Lourdes Mariana Diaz-Tenorio
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
| | - Luis Alonso Leyva-Soto
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
| | - Pablo Gortáres-Moroyoqui
- Departamento de Biotecnología y Ciencias Alimentarias, Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora (Centro de Investigación e Innovación Biotecnológica, agropecuaria y ambiental), Ciudad Obregón, México
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Naresh Yadav D, Anand Kishore K, Saroj D. A Study on removal of Methylene Blue dye by photo catalysis integrated with nanofiltration using statistical and experimental approaches. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:2968-2981. [PMID: 32045559 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1720303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the removal of Methylene Blue dye from the synthetic textile effluent has been investigated using a hybrid system (photocatalysis and nanofiltration). The Commercial ZnO powder was used as a catalyst in the photocatalytic operation. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the various operating parameters such as pH, catalyst loading and time duration and this optimization has enhanced the decolorization efficiencies. The results were compared and contrasted with the individual as well as the combined systems at optimized conditions. The results indicate that the photocatalysis process alone has resulted in 33% of dye decolorization and 26.5% of total organic carbon (TOC) removal, while the individual ceramic nanoflitration system has yielded 43% of decolorization and 35.03% TOC removal. About 94% of the dye was decolorized, and 70% of TOC was removed in 94.23 minutes of operation by the hybrid system at optimized initial operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Naresh Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, India
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - K Anand Kishore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Hanamkonda, India
| | - Devendra Saroj
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
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Mehta D, Shah D. Cyanobacteria and microalgae growing on monuments of UNESCO World Heritage site Champaner Pavagadh, India: biofilms and their exopolysaccharide composition. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3425-3433. [PMID: 33891130 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02334-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the biofilm organisms growing on selected monuments of the Champaner Pavagadh complex (Gujarat, India), which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The cyanobacteria and microalgae were isolated from biofilms collected through non-destructive methods. The identification of these biological organisms was done using micro-morphological characters and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The exopolysaccharide of each of the isolated strains was extracted, hydrolysed and analysed by the HPTLC. Six isolated strains representing five cyanobacteria and one microalga belong to the genera Desmonostoc, Nostoc, Leptolyngbya, Chroococcidiopsis and Asterarcys. The relationships between substrates' specificity of these isolated biofilm organisms and those identified globally were evaluated using maximum parsimony analysis to generate a consensus phylogenetic tree. The five strains of cyanobacteria isolated were closely clustered with cyanobacteria belonging to a tropical region. At the generic level, no relationship between the species and substratum specificity was recorded. The exopolysaccharide analysis of the isolated strains revealed the presence of seven monosaccharides. While glucose was present in all the analysed species, the concentration of either fucose or arabinose was high. The current study presents a novel HPTLC-based method for determination of monosaccharides composition from the extracellular polymeric substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Disha Mehta
- Department of Botany, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India.
| | - Dharmendra Shah
- Department of Botany, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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Righetto I, Al-Juboori RA, Kaljunen JU, Mikola A. Wastewater treatment with starch-based coagulants for nutrient recovery purposes: Testing on lab and pilot scales. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 284:112021. [PMID: 33545452 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The interest in using natural coagulants for wastewater treatment has increased in recent years due to the environmental and health problems associated with the use of traditional coagulants. In this study, starch-based coagulants were tested to treat reject water produced by the dewatering of mesophilic digester sludge at the Viikinmäki wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Finland. The goal of this treatment is to prepare the stream for the nitrogen recovery process with membrane contactor technology. Screening tests showed that PrimePHASE 3545 was the best coagulant, and the effective dosage and pH ranges were 10-20 ml/l of the 25% diluted starch and 8-10 pH values, respectively. The process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The best dosage and pH combination generated by RSM was 14.1 ml/l and 9.1, respectively. In these conditions, TN, TP, TOC, SS and VSS removal percentages were 18 ± 0.57%, 80 ± 0.99%, 28 ± 1.19%, 90 ± 3.37%, and 89 ± 2.35%, respectively. However, NH3-N concentration increased by 20 ± 1.7%, mainly due to pH increase. These results held true when tested on a pilot scale at Viikinmäki WWTP in a continuous process. The sludge produced with natural coagulant was found to be of a better quality compared to that of conventional coagulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Righetto
- Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, Aalto, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland; Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129, Torino, Italy.
| | - Raed A Al-Juboori
- Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, Aalto, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Juho Uzkurt Kaljunen
- Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, Aalto, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
| | - Anna Mikola
- Water and Environmental Engineering Research Group, Department of Built Environment, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15200, Aalto, FI-00076, Espoo, Finland
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Sukla Baidya K, Kumar U. Adsorption of brilliant green dye from aqueous solution onto chemically modified areca nut husk. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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12
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Ezemagu I, Ejimofor M, Menkiti M, Nwobi-Okoye C. Modeling and optimization of turbidity removal from produced water using response surface methodology and artificial neural network. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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13
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Textile Wastewater Treatment on a Spinning Disc Reactor: Characteristics, Performances, and Empirical Modeling. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10238687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Spinning disc (SD) technology has been successfully applied, for the first time, in real textile wastewater treatment with no other additional processing. The SD efficiency was investigated using real textile effluents to study the color and suspended solids removals at different effluent-supplying flowrates (10–30 L/h) and different disc rotational speeds (100–1500 rpm) with good experimental results; thus, it can minimize the polluting loads within a short time period. Furthermore, within this study, process modeling and its classical optimization were applied to SD technology for wastewater treatment. The experiments were organized according to an active central composite rotatable 23 order design, considering as independent variables the wastewater flowrate, rotational speed, and operating time and, as optimization criteria, the suspended solids removal and discoloration degree. Overall, this novel study proved that the SD technology applied in textile effluent treatment is a suitable alternative to a primary mechanical step.
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Evaluating the impacts of laser process parameters on microstructure and microhardness of H13-TiC composite using the mathematical modelling. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-03594-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Khammar S, Bahramifar N, Younesi H. Preparation and surface engineering of CM-β-CD functionalized Fe 3O 4@TiO 2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from transformer oil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 394:122422. [PMID: 32200245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present research is to investigate the efficiency of surface-modified magnetic nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of PCBs from transformer oil. Therefore, CMCD-Fe3O4@TiO2 was successfully produced via grafting of carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CM-β-CD) onto the core-shell titania magnetic nanoparticles surface. The photocatalytic efficiency of CMCD-Fe3O4@TiO2 for degradation of PCBs was systematically evaluated using an experimental design and the process parameters were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). The central composite design (CCD) with four experimental parameters was used successfully in the modeling and optimization of photocatalytic efficiency in removing PCBs from transformer oil. ANOVA analysis confirmed a high R-squared value of 0.9769 describing the goodness of fit of the proposed model for the significance estimation of the individual and the interaction effects of variables. The optimal degradation yields of PCBs was achieved 83 % at a temperature of 25 °C, time of 16 min, the dosage of the catalyst of 8.35 mg and oil: ethanol ratio of 1:5. These findings encourage the practical use of CM-β-CD-Fe3O4@TiO2 as a promising and alternative photocatalyst on an industrial scale for the cleaning of organic pollutants such as PCBs due to its environmental friendliness, the benefit of magnetic separation and good reusability after five times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Khammar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356 Nour, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Nader Bahramifar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356 Nour, Mazandaran, Iran.
| | - Habibollah Younesi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 46414-356 Nour, Mazandaran, Iran
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Jamshidi A, Rezaei S, Hassani G, Firoozi Z, Ghaffari HR, Sadeghi H. Coagulating potential of Iranian oak (Quercus Branti) extract as a natural coagulant in turbidity removal from water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:163-175. [PMID: 32399229 PMCID: PMC7203360 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because of the presence of tannin in the molecular structure of oak extract, this substance is used as a natural coagulant to remove turbidity from water. The aim of this study was to determine the efficiency of this coagulant alone and in combination with polyaluminium chloride (PACl) in turbidity removal from water under optimal conditions. In this experimental study, Iranian oak extract was prepared by maceration method using ethanol 96% as an extractor. Kaolin was used to prepare synthetic turbid water samples. Using the jar test, the optimum concentrations of oak extract and PACl were determined in various concentrations of initial turbidity and pH. Moreover, the central composite design (CCD) method was utilized to design experiments and RSM was applied for analyzing the obtained results. Optimum concentrations of oak extract and PACl were 62.6 mg/L and 52.6 mg/L, respectively. An increase in initial turbidity and pH led to an increase in turbidity removal by the two coagulants. The efficiency of turbidity removal by oak extract and PACl was 63.5% and 66.5%, respectively. The simultaneous application of oak extract and polyaluminium chloride increased removal efficiency (85%) and reduced the total organic carbon concentration (TOC) in water (42.3%). The results showed that the simultaneous application of Iranian oak extract and polyaluminium chloride had an acceptable performance in removing turbidity from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arsalan Jamshidi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Department of Environmental health Engineering, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Soheila Rezaei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Department of Environmental health Engineering, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hassani
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
- Department of Environmental health Engineering, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Ziba Firoozi
- Department of Environmental health Engineering, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Ghaffari
- Food Health Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Heybatallah Sadeghi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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Removal of Phosphate Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Adsorption onto Leftover Coal. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High loadings of wastewater with phosphors (P) require purification measures, which can be challenging to realize in regions where the technical and financial frame does not allow sophisticated applications. Simple percolation devices employing various kinds of adsorbents might be an alternative. Here, we investigated the application of leftover coal, which was collected from Ethiopian coal mining areas, as an adsorbent for the removal of phosphate from aqueous solutions in a classical slurry batch set-up. The combined effects of operational parameters such as contact time, initial concentration, and solution pH on P retention efficiency was studied employing the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The maximum phosphate adsorption (79% removal and 198 mg kg−1 leftover coal) was obtained at a contact time of 200 min, an initial phosphate concentration of 5 mg/L, and a solution pH of 2.3. The Freundlich isotherm was fitted to the experimental data. The pseudo second-order equation describes the experimental data well, with a correlation value of R2 = 0.99. The effect of temperature on the adsorption reveals that the process is exothermic. The results demonstrate that leftover coal material could potentially be applied for the removal of phosphate from aqueous media, but additional testing in a flow-through set-up using real wastewater is required to draw definite conclusions.
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Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Remove Nickel Ions: A Response Surface Method and Artificial Neural Network Optimization. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nickel ions from aqueous solutions were removed by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF), using the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as a chelating agent. Process variables and indicators were modeled and optimized by a response surface methodology (RSM), using the Box–Behnken design (BBD). The generated quadratic models described the relationship between a performance indicator (nickel rejection rate or permeate flux) and process variables (pressure, nickel concentration, SDS concentration, and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO)). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that both models are statistically significant. To remove 1 mM of nickel ions, the optimal condition for maximum nickel removal and flux were: pressure = 30 psi, CSDS = 10.05 mM, and MWCO = 10 kDa, resulting in a rejection rate of 98.16% and a flux of 119.20 L/h∙m2. Experimental verification indicates that the RSM model could adequately describe the performance indicators within the examined ranges of the process variables. An artificial neural network (ANN) modelling followed to predict the MEUF performance and validate the RSM results. The obtained ANN models showed good fitness to the experimental data.
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Arruda PM, Pereira-Filho ER, Libânio M, Fagnani E. Response surface methodology applied to tropical freshwater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:901-911. [PMID: 30122148 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1514072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the profits and disadvantages of the chemometrics approach instead of the one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) coagulation diagram approach for tropical water physicochemical treatment. Central composite design associate to response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) is used to find the real best conditions for coagulant dosage and pH aiming at high-turbidity removal. The number of experiments needed to chemometrics model construction (12) is comparatively smaller than that used in the coagulation diagram (84), saving financial and environmental resources. Arguments for Water Treatment Plants (WTP) considering the replacement of coagulation diagram approach by the CCD-RSM approach in drinking water treatment are presented. Chemometrics models are all constructed on a free software platform, providing the best pH within the range 7.7-8.1, and the best coagulant dosage (polyaluminium chloride, PAC) between 2.0 and 3.1 mg Al2O3 L-1 (equivalent in mass). CCD-RSM provides a faster, lower-cost and more reliable alternative tool for WTP decision-making instead of the OFAT model, mainly for waters more affected by seasonal effects as can be seen in tropical and subtropical countries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelo Libânio
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources, Engineering College, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Enelton Fagnani
- School of Technology, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
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20
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Chen Z, Tang Y, Wen Q, Yang B, Pan Y. Effect of pH on effluent organic matter removal in hybrid process of magnetic ion-exchange resin adsorption and ozonation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125090. [PMID: 31683451 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is essential to mitigate the risk of exposure to effluent organic matter (EfOM) in aquatic environments to ensure safe wastewater recycling. Magnetic ion-exchange (MIEX) resin adsorption combined with ozonation could provide EfOM removal. However, the poor understanding of the influences of the parameters and mechanisms in the hybrid process has restricted the applications. In this study, the response surface methodology was used to reveal the interactions of the major operation parameters. The degradation behaviour of the EfOM was investigated by using spectroscopy combined with mathematical methods. The effect of the pH on the EfOM removal was also analysed. The maximum efficiency of the removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was 59.77% at the optimal MIEX resin dosage of 7.97 mL/L, ozone concentration of 8 mg/L, agitation speed of 199.84 r/min, and pH of 9.98. The ozonation was superior to resin adsorption in the removal of 1054-Da compounds, while the resin adsorption was advantageous in the removal of 4168-Da compounds. Three fluorescent components (C1, C2, and C3) were more easily subjected to external perturbation than the DOC and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm in the oxidation processes. The MIEX resin exhibited low efficiencies of removal of the fluorescent substances. A synchronous fluorescence analysis coupled with a two-dimensional correlation analysis revealed that the variation in EfOM followed the order of fulvic-to humic-like substances in the hybrid process of MIEX and the following ozonation. The pH was the most significant influencing factor in the hybrid process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China; School of Civil Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yingcai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Boxuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology (SKLUWRE, HIT), Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yang Pan
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Suzhou, 215000, China
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21
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Mosaddeghi MR, Pajoum Shariati F, Vaziri Yazdi SA, Nabi Bidhendi G. Application of response surface methodology (RSM) for optimizing coagulation process of paper recycling wastewater using Ocimum basilicum. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:100-108. [PMID: 29927723 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1491637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The wastewater produced in a pulp and paper industry is one of the most polluted industrial wastewaters, and therefore its treatment requires complex processes. One of the simple and feasible processes in pulp and paper wastewater treatment is coagulation and flocculation. Overusing a chemical coagulant can produce a large volume of sludge and increase costs and health concerns. Therefore, the use of natural and plant-based coagulants has been recently attracted the attention of researchers. One of the advantages of using Ocimum basilicum as a coagulant is a reduction in the amount of chemical coagulant required. In this study, the effect of basil mucilage has been investigated as a plant-based coagulant together with alum for treatment of paper recycling wastewater. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the process of chemical coagulation based on a central composite rotatable design (CCRD). Quadratic models for colour reduction and TSS removal with coefficients of determination of R2 > 96 were obtained using the analysis of variance. Under optimal conditions, removal efficiencies of colour and total suspended solids (TSS) were 85% and 82%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Mosaddeghi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Pajoum Shariati
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Vaziri Yazdi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Syam Babu D, Anantha Singh TS, Nidheesh PV, Suresh Kumar M. Industrial wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1671866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Syam Babu
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - T. S. Anantha Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, School of Technology, Pandit Deenadayal Petroleum University, Gujarat, India
| | - P. V. Nidheesh
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
| | - M. Suresh Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
- Environmental Impact and Sustainability Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India
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Lawal IA, Klink M, Ndungu P, Moodley B. Brief bibliometric analysis of "ionic liquid" applications and its review as a substitute for common adsorbent modifier for the adsorption of organic pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:34-51. [PMID: 31102948 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The importance of improving adsorbent's adsorption efficiency in organic pollutants has been reported by many researchers. Surfactant-based modified adsorbents were a tasteful choice. As a result, the use of surfactants as a modifier for removing organic pollutants has shown to play a very big role in enhancing the adsorption efficiency of different materials. Ionic liquids are receiving extensive interest as green multipurpose compounds, primarily as a replacement for traditional chemicals that are used in many chemical processes. This work gives a brief bibliometric analysis of application of ionic liquid from 1930 to 2017, documents were collected from Scopus database and keywords from the abstracts and titles were analyzed using VOSviewer software. Furthermore, the work presents a review of conventionally known surfactants and the recent likelihood of ionic liquids for modifying adsorbents for adsorption of organic pollutants. Over the period of years between 1930 and 2017, 13,144 documents were published on the application of ionic liquids. VOSviewer software further confirms that adsorption is one of the leading areas in applications of ionic liquids. Review also showed that ionic liquid is a good modifier of adsorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isiaka A Lawal
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa; Chemistry Department Faculty of Applied and Computer Science, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark Campus, Boulevard, 1900, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa.
| | - Michael Klink
- Chemistry Department Faculty of Applied and Computer Science, Vaal University of Technology, Vanderbijlpark Campus, Boulevard, 1900, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa
| | - Patrick Ndungu
- Energy, Sensors and Multifunctional Nanomaterials Research Group, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Brenda Moodley
- School of Chemistry and Physics, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X45001, Westville Campus, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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24
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Enaime G, Baçaoui A, Yaacoubi A, Wichern M, Lübken M. Olive mill wastewater pretreatment by combination of filtration on olive stone filters and coagulation-flocculation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2019; 40:2135-2146. [PMID: 29421956 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1439106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study a new combined process, comprising filtration of raw olive mill wastewater (OMWW) on two successive olive stone (OS) filters followed by a coagulation-flocculation, was developed in order to perform an efficient pretreatment of OMWW. The results show that the use of OS filter leads to a higher removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and fatty matter (FM) from the raw OMWW (about 82.5% and 73.8%, respectively) and a depletion of total phenolic compounds (TP) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (11.3% and 23.2%, respectively). The coagulation-flocculation was then applied to improve the removal of TP and COD from the filtered OMWW. For this purpose, a full-factorial design was used to study the effect of different factors involved in coagulation-flocculation. The studied variables were: pH (5-8), coagulant type (ferric chloride; FC and aluminum sulfate; AS), coagulant concentration (250-1000 mg/L) and flocculant (Anionique polyelectrolyte Superfloc A120 PWG) concentration (1-5 mg/L). The results reveal that the use of 250 mg/L FC and 5 mg/L flocculant at an acid pH (around 5) allows for, respectively, a removal of TP and COD of about 10.8% and 31.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghizlane Enaime
- a Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Unity of Methodology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech , Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Baçaoui
- a Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Unity of Methodology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech , Morocco
| | - Abdelrani Yaacoubi
- a Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Unity of Methodology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University , Marrakech , Morocco
| | - Marc Wichern
- b Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Manfred Lübken
- b Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum , Bochum , Germany
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Louhıchı G, Bousselmı L, Ghrabı A, Khounı I. Process optimization via response surface methodology in the physico-chemical treatment of vegetable oil refinery wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:18993-19011. [PMID: 29987464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The present paper investigates the efficiency of coagulation/flocculation process using aluminum sulfate as coagulant and CHT industrial flocculent as coagulant aid/flocculent in the treatment of vegetable oil refinery wastewater (VORW). The process optimization was conducted in two steps, jar test experiments for preliminary evaluation to identify the most influencing factors and response surface methodology using Box-Behnken design to investigate the effects of three major factors and their interactions. The variables involved were the coagulant concentration (X1), flocculent dosage (X2), and initial pH (X3) of water samples, while the responses were COD removal (Y1) and residual turbidity (Y2). The optimal conditions obtained by solving the quadratic regression models, as well as by analyzing the response surface contour plots, were as follows: 2.4 g/L of coagulant (aluminum sulfate), 60.05 mg/L of flocculent, and about 9.23 as initial pH. Under these conditions, the coagulation/flocculation treatment was able to achieve 99% of COD removal with total turbidity elimination (100% removal). Analysis of variance showed high variance coefficient (R2) values of 0.929 and 0.836 for COD and turbidity removals, respectively, thus ensuring a satisfactory adjustment of the second-order regression model with the experimental data. This statistical design methodology was demonstrated as an efficient and feasible approach for the optimization of coagulation/flocculation treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghofrane Louhıchı
- Laboratory of Wastewater and Environment, Water Research and Technologies Centre (CERTE), Technopark Borj Cedria, BP 273-8020, Soliman, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021, Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Latifa Bousselmı
- Laboratory of Wastewater and Environment, Water Research and Technologies Centre (CERTE), Technopark Borj Cedria, BP 273-8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Ghrabı
- Laboratory of Wastewater and Environment, Water Research and Technologies Centre (CERTE), Technopark Borj Cedria, BP 273-8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Imen Khounı
- Laboratory of Wastewater and Environment, Water Research and Technologies Centre (CERTE), Technopark Borj Cedria, BP 273-8020, Soliman, Tunisia.
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Mansri A, Hocine T, Bouras B, Ben-habib K. Synthesis of a new flocculant based on poly(acrylamide-co-(N-octyl-4-vinylpyridinium bromide)) [AM5/VP5C8Br]-application for the turbidity removal from clay suspension. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2018.1549947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mansri
- Laboratoire d’Application des Electrolytes et des Polyélectrolytes Organiques (LAEPO), Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Tayeb Hocine
- Laboratoire d’Application des Electrolytes et des Polyélectrolytes Organiques (LAEPO), Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Brahim Bouras
- Laboratoire d’Application des Electrolytes et des Polyélectrolytes Organiques (LAEPO), Université de Tlemcen, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Karim Ben-habib
- Eco-Procédés, Optimisation et Aide à la Décision (EPROAD, EA), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Saint-Quentin, France
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27
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Madi-Azegagh K, Yahiaoui I, Boudrahem F, Aissani-Benissad F, Vial C, Audonnet F, Favier L. Applied of central composite design for the optimization of removal yield of the ketoprofen (KTP) using electrocoagulation process. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2018.1556298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Madi-Azegagh
- Laboratoire de Génie de l’Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Idris Yahiaoui
- Laboratoire de Génie de l’Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Farouk Boudrahem
- Laboratoire de Génie de l’Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Farida Aissani-Benissad
- Laboratoire de Génie de l’Environnement (LGE), Faculté de Technologie, Université de Bejaia, Bejaia, Algérie
| | - Christophe Vial
- Institut Pascal, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, Aubière, France
| | - Fabrice Audonnet
- Institut Pascal, Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- CNRS, UMR 6602, IP, Aubière, France
| | - Lidia Favier
- Université Rennes 1, SDLM, École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CIP, CNRS, UMR 6226, Rennes Cedex 7, France
- Université Européenne de Bretagne, Rennes, France
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Zhou Z, Yang Y, Li X, Li P, Zhang T, Lv X, Liu L, Dong J, Zheng D. Optimized removal of natural organic matter by ultrasound-assisted coagulation of recycling drinking water treatment sludge. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 48:171-180. [PMID: 30080539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In previous work we have shown that recycling pre-sonicated drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS) could improve coagulated water quality. Here, the removal of naturally occurring organic matter of source water was further optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken Design (BBD). The four variables, i.e., volumetric recycling ratio of DWTS, energy density, ultra-sonication time and duty cycle in an experimental jar test of ultrasound assisted flocculation-coagulation were optimized. All the variables showed a significant effect on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal of source water (p < .05), of which the duty cycle had a stronger effect on the removal performance compared to the other independent variables. The predicted optimal DOC removal rate was 36.94%, and this matched well the observed performance of 36.54 ± 0.56%, obtained by ultra-sonicating the sludge prior to recycling using a power input of 1.015 W/mL, an ultra-sonication time of 9 min 50 s, and a duty cycle of 80%, while the volumetric recycling ratio of DWTS was 5.8%. The natural organic matter fractions in the coagulated water samples indicated that recycling sonicated DWTS that had been washed prior to recycling in order to remove solubilized extracellular polymers could enhance removal of hydrophobic acids and 3-30 kDa fractions, but this treatment increased the presence of substances with molecular weight <3 kDa. Humic-like substances were effectively removed while tyrosine-like substances could be enriched. Sludge samples (raw DWTS, sonicated DWTS, sludge formed by recycling raw DWTS, and sludge formed by recycling sonicated DWTS without solubilized extracellular organics) were characterized by XRF, X-ray diffraction patterns and FE-SEM-EDS to reveal possible physical characteristics that could be related to the DOC removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zhou
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan 430065, PR China; College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province for Wastewater Reclamation, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Yanling Yang
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China.
| | - Xing Li
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Pangyi Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, PR China
| | - Xuquan Lv
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan 430065, PR China
| | - Lujian Liu
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province for Wastewater Reclamation, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Jun Dong
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province for Wastewater Reclamation, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Technology and Business University, Wuhan 430065, PR China; Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hubei Province for Wastewater Reclamation, Wuhan, 430065, PR China.
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The application of hematite (α-Fe2O3) nanoparticles in coagulation and flocculation processes of River Nile Rosetta branch surface water. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-018-0006-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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30
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Ji J, Liu Y, Yang XY, Xu J, Li XY. Multiple response optimization for high efficiency energy saving treatment of rhodamine B wastewater in a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 218:300-308. [PMID: 29689533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The removal of high-concentration rhodamine B (RhB) wastewater was investigated in a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor (3DER) packed with granular activated carbon (GAC) particle electrodes. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with grey relational analysis (GRA) was used to evaluate the effects of voltage, initial pH, aeration rate and NaCl dosage on RhB removal and energy consumption of the 3DER. The optimal conditions were determined as voltage 7.25 V, pH 5.99, aeration rate 151.13 mL/min, and NaCl concentration 0.11 mol/L. After 30 min electrolysis, COD removal rate could arrive at 60.13% with an extremely low energy consumption of 6.22 kWh/kg COD. The voltage and NaCl were demonstrated to be the most significant factors affecting the COD removal and energy consumption of 3DER. The intermediates generated during the treatment process were identified and the possible degradation pathway of RhB was proposed. It is worth noting that 3DER also showed an excellent performance in total nitrogen (TN) removal under the optimal condition. The activated chlorine generated from chloride had great contributions to eliminate carbon and nitrogen of RhB wastewater. The treatment effluent had a good biodegradability, which was suitable for subsequent biological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ji
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Yang
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiu-Yan Li
- Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Mashkoor F, Nasar A, Inamuddin, Asiri AM. Exploring the Reusability of Synthetically Contaminated Wastewater Containing Crystal Violet Dye using Tectona grandis Sawdust as a Very Low-Cost Adsorbent. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8314. [PMID: 29844461 PMCID: PMC5974190 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Present investigation explores the possible reusability of synthetically contaminated wastewater containing crystal violet (CV) organic dye using Tectona grandis sawdust (TGSD) waste as a very low-cost adsorbent. The adsorbent was characterized by proximate, SEM/EDX, FTIR, and XRD analyses. Batch adsorption studies were carried under changing conditions of contact time, the initial concentration of CV, pH, TGSD dose, TGSD particle size, and temperature. The experimental data were tested using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models, and the data were best followed by Langmuir one. The kinetic results were examined in the light of different models and pseudo-second-order was obtained to be best obeyed. The values of ΔH° (28.642 kJ/mol), ΔG° (-10.776 to -7.080 kJ/mol) and ΔS° (121.8 J/K/mol) in the temperature range of 293-323 K suggested the overall process to be spontaneous, endothermic and associated with an increase in randomness. On the basis of experimental results and their analyses, it has been established that TGSD is one of the most effective adsorbents among those obtained from the domestic, agricultural and industrial wastes. Thus this adsorbent can be effectively utilized to make the impure wastewater reusable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouzia Mashkoor
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Abu Nasar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Inamuddin
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah M Asiri
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Momeni MM, Kahforoushan D, Abbasi F, Ghanbarian S. Using Chitosan/CHPATC as coagulant to remove color and turbidity of industrial wastewater: Optimization through RSM design. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 211:347-355. [PMID: 29427927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
One of the most important solid-liquid separation processes is coagulation and flocculation that is extensively used in the primary treatment of industrial wastewater. The biopolymers, because of biodegradable properties and low cost have been used as coagulants. In this study, chitosan as a natural coagulant of choice, was modified by (3-chloro 2-hydroxypropyl)trimethylammonium chloride and was used to remove the color and turbidity of industrial wastewater. To evaluate the effect of pH, settling time, the initial turbidity of wastewater, the amount of coagulant, and the concentration of dye (Melanoidin) were chosen to study their effects on removal of wastewater color and turbidity. The experiments were done in a batch system by using a jar test. To achieve the optimum conditions for the removal of color and turbidity, the response surface methodology (RSM) experimental design method was used. The results obtained from experiments showed that the optimum conditions for the removal of color were as: pH = 3, concentration of dye = 1000 mg/L, settling time = 78.93 min, and dose of coagulant = 3 g/L. The maximum color removal in these conditions was predicted 82.78% by the RSM model. The optimal conditions for the removal of turbidity of the waste water were as: pH = 5.66, initial turbidity = 60 NTU, settling time = 105 min, and amount of coagulant = 3 g/L. The maximum turbidity removal in these circumstances was predicted 94.19% by the model. The experimental results obtained in optimum conditions for removal of color and turbidity were 76.20% and 90.14%, respectively, indicating the high accuracy of the prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Davood Kahforoushan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran; Environmental Engineering Research Center, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farhang Abbasi
- Institute of Polymeric Materials, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeid Ghanbarian
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
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Töre GY, Ata R, Çelik SÖ, Kırhan Sesler Ş. Colour Removal from Biologically Treated Textile Dyeing Wastewater with Natural and Novel Pre-Hydrolysed Coagulants. JOURNAL OF THE TURKISH CHEMICAL SOCIETY, SECTION A: CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.18596/jotcsa.370752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Tamrin KF, Zahrim AY. Determination of optimum polymeric coagulant in palm oil mill effluent coagulation using multiple-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:15863-15869. [PMID: 28013466 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The main limitation of a conventional palm oil mill effluent (POME) ponding system lies in its inability to completely decolourise effluent. Decolourisation of effluent is aesthetically and environmentally crucial. However, determination of the optimum process parameters is becoming more complex with the increase of the number of coagulants and responses. The primary objective of this study is to determine the optimum polymeric coagulant in the coagulation-flocculation process of palm oil mill effluent by considering all output responses, namely lignin-tannin, low molecular mass coloured compounds (LMMCC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), pH and conductivity. Here, multiple-objective optimisation on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) is employed to discretely measure multiple response characteristics of five different types of coagulants as a function of assessment value. The optimum coagulant is determined based on the highest assessment value and was identified as QF25610 (cationic polyacrylamide). On the other hand, the lowest assessment value was represented by AN1800 (anionic polyacrylamide). This study highlights the simplicity of MOORA approach in handling various input and output parameters, and it may be useful in other wastewater treatment processes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- K F Tamrin
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - A Y Zahrim
- Chemical Engineering Programme, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
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35
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Extraction and use of Cereus peruvianus cactus mucilage in the treatment of textile effluents. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Huang D, Zhou X, Si J, Gong X, Wang S. Studies on cellulase-ultrasonic assisted extraction technology for flavonoids from Illicium verum residues. Chem Cent J 2016; 10:56. [PMID: 30519788 PMCID: PMC5400127 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-016-0202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Illicium verum is widely cultivated in southern
China especially in Guangxi province. Its fruits has been traditionally used in
Chinese medicine. In recent years, it has been the industrial source of shikimic
acid. Usually the residues after extracting shikimic acid are treated as waste.
Thus, the aim of this study was to optimize the extraction conditions of
cellulase-ultrasonic assisted extraction technology for flavonoids from I. verum residues. Results The optimum extraction conditions with a maximum flavonoids yield of
14.76 % are as follows: the concentration of ethanol is 51.14 %, the liquid–solid
ratio is 20.52 mL/g, the enzymatic hydrolysis pH is 5.303, the sonication time is
60 min, the enzyme solution temperature is kept at 45 °C, the amount of added
enzyme is 70 mg/g, the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 2 h and the crushed mesh size
is 0.355–0.85 mm. Conclusions The data indicate that the cellulase-ultrasonic assisted extraction
technology has the potential be used for the industrial production of flavonoids
from I. verum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danna Huang
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources Conservation and Genetic Improvement, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhi Si
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Gong
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China.,State Engineering Laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China. .,State Engineering Laboratory of Southwest Endangered Medicinal Resources Development, Nanning, 530023, People's Republic of China.
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Liang L, Peng Y, Tan J, Xia W, Xie G. Effect of polyaluminum chloride on the flotation separation of coal from kaolinite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.minpro.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Al-Juboori RA, Aravinthan V, Yusaf T, Bowtell L. Assessing the application and downstream effects of pulsed mode ultrasound as a pre-treatment for alum coagulation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 31:7-19. [PMID: 26964919 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The application of pulsed mode ultrasound (PMU) as a pre-treatment for alum coagulation was investigated at various alum dosages and pH levels. The effects of the treatments on turbidity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal and residual Al were evaluated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize the operating conditions of the applied treatments. The results showed that PMU pre-treatment increased turbidity and DOC removal percentages from maximum of 96.6% and 43% to 98.8% and 52%, respectively. It also helped decrease the minimum residual Al from 0.100 to 0.094 ppm. The multiple response optimization was carried out using the desirability function. A desirability value of >0.97 estimated respective turbidity removal, DOC removal and Al residual of 89.24%, 45.66% and ∼ 0.1 ppm for coagulation (control) and 90.61%, >55% and ∼ 0 for coagulation preceded by PMU. These figures were validated via confirmatory experiments. PMU pre-treatment increased total coliform removal from 80% to >98% and decreased trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) from 250 to 200 ppb CH3Cl. Additionally, PMU application prior to coagulation improved the settleability of sludge due to the degassing effects. The results of this study confirms that PMU pre-treatment can significantly improve coagulation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raed A Al-Juboori
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, 4350 QLD, Australia.
| | - Vasantha Aravinthan
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, 4350 QLD, Australia
| | - Talal Yusaf
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, 4350 QLD, Australia
| | - Leslie Bowtell
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, 4350 QLD, Australia
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Abinandan S, Shanthakumar S. Evaluation of photosynthetic efficacy and CO 2 removal of microalgae grown in an enriched bicarbonate medium. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:9. [PMID: 28330079 PMCID: PMC4701708 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-015-0314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bicarbonate species in the aqueous phase is the primary source for CO2 for the growth of microalgae. The potential of carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation by Chlorella pyrenoidosa in enriched bicarbonate medium was evaluated. In the present study, effects of parameters such as pH, sodium bicarbonate concentration and inoculum size were assessed for the removal of CO2 by C. pyrenoidosa under mixotrophic condition. Central composite design tool from response surface methodology was used to validate statistical methods in order to study the influence of these parameters. The obtained results reveal that the maximum removal of CO2 was attained at pH 8 with sodium bicarbonate concentration of 3.33 g/l, and inoculum size of 30 %. The experimental results were statistically significant with R 2 value of 0.9527 and 0.960 for CO2 removal and accumulation of chlorophyll content, respectively. Among the various interactions, interactive effects between the parameters pH and inoculum size was statistically significant (P < 0.05) for CO2 removal and chlorophyll accumulation. Based on the studies, the application of C. pyrenoidosa as a potential source for carbon dioxide removal at alkaline pH from bicarbonate source is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Abinandan
- Environmental Engineering Division, School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - S Shanthakumar
- Environmental Engineering Division, School of Mechanical and Building Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, India.
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41
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Sandhya KV, Abinandan S, Vedaraman N, Velappan KC. Extraction of fleshing oil from waste limed fleshings and biodiesel production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2016; 48:638-643. [PMID: 26445362 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was focused on extraction of fleshing oil from limed fleshings with different neutralization process by ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) followed by solvent extraction. The production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from limed fleshing oil by two stage process has also been investigated. The central composite design (CCD) was used to study the effect of process variables viz., amount of flesh, particle size and time of fleshing oil extraction. The maximum yield of fleshing oil from limed fleshings post neutralization by ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) was 26.32g and 12.43g obtained at 200g of flesh, with a particle size of 3.90mm in the time period of 2h. Gas chromatography analysis reveals that the biodiesel (FAME) obtained from limed fleshings is rich in oleic and palmitic acids with weight percentages 46.6 and 32.2 respectively. The resulting biodiesel was characterized for its physio-chemical properties of diesel as per international standards (EN14214).
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Affiliation(s)
- K V Sandhya
- Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Abinandan
- Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Vedaraman
- Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - K C Velappan
- Chemical Engineering Division, CSIR-CLRI, Adyar, Chennai 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India
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42
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Fayazi M, Afzali D, Taher M, Mostafavi A, Gupta V. Removal of Safranin dye from aqueous solution using magnetic mesoporous clay: Optimization study. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dasgupta J, Mondal D, Chakraborty S, Sikder J, Curcio S, Arafat HA. Nanofiltration based water reclamation from tannery effluent following coagulation pretreatment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 121:22-30. [PMID: 26188702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Coagulation-nanofiltration based integrated treatment scheme was employed in the present study to maximize the removal of toxic Cr(VI) species from tannery effluents. The coagulation pretreatment step using aluminium sulphate hexadecahydrate (alum) was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). A nanofiltration unit was integrated with this coagulation pre-treatment unit and the resulting flux decline and permeate quality were investigated. Herein, the coagulation was conducted under response surface-optimized operating conditions. The hybrid process demonstrated high chromium(VI) removal efficiency over 98%. Besides, fouling of two of the tested nanofiltration membranes (NF1 and NF3) was relatively mitigated after feed pretreatment. Nanofiltration permeation fluxes as high as 80-100L/m(2)h were thereby obtained. The resulting permeate stream quality post nanofiltration (NF3) was found to be suitable for effective reuse in tanneries, keeping the Cr(VI) concentration (0.13mg/L), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) (65mg/L), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) (142mg/L), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) (108mg/L), Total Solids (TS) (86mg/L) and conductivity levels (14mho/cm) in perspective. The process water reclaiming ability of nanofiltration was thereby substantiated and the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid system was thus affirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dasgupta
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal 713209, India
| | - D Mondal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal 713209, India
| | - S Chakraborty
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo-42a, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - J Sikder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, West Bengal 713209, India.
| | - S Curcio
- Department of Informatics, Modeling, Electronics and Systems Engineering, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo-42a, 87036 Rende, CS, Italy
| | - H A Arafat
- Institute Center for Water and Environment (iWater), Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, PO Box 54224, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Optimization of COD and Color Removal for Matang’s Landfill Leachate Treatment by Using Polyaluminum Chloride. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.802.478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a physico-chemical treatment method of coagulation-flocculation process is implemented in treating partially stabilized leachate from Matang Landfill, Perak, Malaysia. Central composite design has been used to optimize the independent variables namely polyaluminum chloride (PAC) coagulant dosage (A), rapid mixing speed (B) and rapid mixing time (C). The experimental results were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results revealed that the percentage of color and COD removal was found increased by increasing rapid mixing speed with optimum removal of 95 % and 56 % respectively. Besides, the R-squared values implied that 86.22 % and 97.34% of the total variation explained by the model equation. Furthermore, the model analysis revealed that rapid mixing speed were significant for removal of color and COD through single parameter (B) and interaction between parameter (AB) respectively. This finding proves the influence of mixing parameter in coagulation-flocculation process for leachate treatment.
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Lee AY, Kim HS, Choi G, Kang YM, Kim HK. Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Daurisoline and Dauricine from Menispermi Rhizoma by Response Surface Methodology. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1077862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Yeong Lee
- K-Herb Research Center, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Seon Kim
- K-Herb Research Center, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Goya Choi
- K-Herb Research Center, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Kang
- K-Herb Research Center, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Kim
- Mibyeong Research Center, Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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46
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Tak BY, Tak BS, Kim YJ, Park YJ, Yoon YH, Min GH. Optimization of color and COD removal from livestock wastewater by electrocoagulation process: Application of Box–Behnken design (BBD). J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Sadegh H, Shahryari-ghoshekandi R, Agarwal S, Tyagi I, Asif M, Gupta VK. Microwave-assisted removal of malachite green by carboxylate functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes: Kinetics and equilibrium study. J Mol Liq 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Sinha R, Mathur S, Brighu U. Aluminium removal from water after defluoridation with the electrocoagulation process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:2724-2731. [PMID: 25903166 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1043958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride is the most electronegative element and has a strong affinity for aluminium. Owing to this fact, most of the techniques used for fluoride removal utilized aluminium compounds, which results in high concentrations of aluminium in treated water. In the present paper, a new approach is presented to meet the WHO guideline for residual aluminium concentration as 0.2 mg/L. In the present work, the electrocoagulation (EC) process was used for fluoride removal. It was found that aluminium content in water increases with an increase in the energy input. Therefore, experiments were optimized for a minimum energy input to achieve the target value (0.7 mg/L) of fluoride in resultant water. These optimized sets were used for further investigations of aluminium control. The experimental investigations revealed that use of bentonite clay as coagulant in clariflocculation brings down the aluminium concentration of water below the WHO guideline. Bentonite dose of 2 g/L was found to be the best for efficient removal of aluminium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sinha
- a Department of Civil Engineering , Malaviya National Institute of Technology , Jaipur 302017 , India
| | - Sanjay Mathur
- a Department of Civil Engineering , Malaviya National Institute of Technology , Jaipur 302017 , India
| | - Urmila Brighu
- a Department of Civil Engineering , Malaviya National Institute of Technology , Jaipur 302017 , India
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Development of mathematical model to evaluate microstructure and corrosion behavior of electroless Ni–P/nano-SiC coating deposited on 6061 aluminum alloy. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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Lü T, Zhao H, Qi D, Chen Y. Synthesis of a Novel Amphiphilic and Cationic Chitosan-Based Flocculant for Efficient Treatment of Oily Wastewater. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Lü
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications; College of Materials and Environmental Engineering; Hangzhou Dianzi University; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Hongting Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Materials and Applications; College of Materials and Environmental Engineering; Hangzhou Dianzi University; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Dongming Qi
- College of Materials and Textiles; Zhejiang Sci-Tech University; Hangzhou 310018 People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Petrochemical and Energy Engineering; Zhejiang Ocean University; Zhoushan 316022 People's Republic of China
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