1
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Uhlířová H, Stibůrek M, Pikálek T, Gomes A, Turtaev S, Kolbábková P, Čižmár T. "There's plenty of room at the bottom": deep brain imaging with holographic endo-microscopy. NEUROPHOTONICS 2024; 11:S11504. [PMID: 38250297 PMCID: PMC10798506 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.11.s1.s11504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Significance Over more than 300 years, microscopic imaging keeps providing fundamental insights into the mechanisms of living organisms. Seeing microscopic structures beyond the reach of free-space light-based microscopy, however, requires dissection of the tissue-an intervention seriously disturbing its physiological functions. The hunt for low-invasiveness tools has led a growing community of physicists and engineers into the realm of complex media photonics. One of its activities represents exploiting multimode optical fibers (MMFs) as ultra-thin endoscopic probes. Employing wavefront shaping, these tools only recently facilitated the first peeks at cells and their sub-cellular compartments at the bottom of the mouse brain with the impact of micro-scale tissue damage. Aim Here, we aim to highlight advances in MMF-based holographic endo-microscopy facilitating microscopic imaging throughout the whole depth of the mouse brain. Approach We summarize the important technical and methodological prerequisites for stabile high-resolution imaging in vivo. Results We showcase images of the microscopic building blocks of brain tissue, including neurons, neuronal processes, vessels, intracellular calcium signaling, and red blood cell velocity in individual vessels. Conclusions This perspective article helps to understand the complexity behind the technology of holographic endo-microscopy, summarizes its recent advances and challenges, and stimulates the mind of the reader for further exploitation of this tool in the neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Uhlířová
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Stibůrek
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pikálek
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - André Gomes
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Petra Kolbábková
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Čižmár
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Applied Optics, Jena, Germany
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2
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Xu C, Nedergaard M, Fowell DJ, Friedl P, Ji N. Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy for in vivo imaging. Cell 2024; 187:4458-4487. [PMID: 39178829 PMCID: PMC11373887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Multiphoton fluorescence microscopy (MPFM) has been a game-changer for optical imaging, particularly for studying biological tissues deep within living organisms. MPFM overcomes the strong scattering of light in heterogeneous tissue by utilizing nonlinear excitation that confines fluorescence emission mostly to the microscope focal volume. This enables high-resolution imaging deep within intact tissue and has opened new avenues for structural and functional studies. MPFM has found widespread applications and has led to numerous scientific discoveries and insights into complex biological processes. Today, MPFM is an indispensable tool in many research communities. Its versatility and effectiveness make it a go-to technique for researchers investigating biological phenomena at the cellular and subcellular levels in their native environments. In this Review, the principles, implementations, capabilities, and limitations of MPFM are presented. Three application areas of MPFM, neuroscience, cancer biology, and immunology, are reviewed in detail and serve as examples for applying MPFM to biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørre Alle 3B, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; University of Rochester Medical School, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Deborah J Fowell
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 26-28, Nijmegen HB 6500, the Netherlands
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Neuroscience, Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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3
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Rodríguez C, Pan D, Natan RG, Mohr MA, Miao M, Chen X, Northen TR, Vogel JP, Ji N. Adaptive optical third-harmonic generation microscopy for in vivo imaging of tissues. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:4513-4524. [PMID: 39347005 PMCID: PMC11427202 DOI: 10.1364/boe.527357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
Third-harmonic generation microscopy is a powerful label-free nonlinear imaging technique, providing essential information about structural characteristics of cells and tissues without requiring external labelling agents. In this work, we integrated a recently developed compact adaptive optics module into a third-harmonic generation microscope, to measure and correct for optical aberrations in complex tissues. Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the third-harmonic generation process to material interfaces and thin membranes, along with the 1,300-nm excitation wavelength used here, our adaptive optical third-harmonic generation microscope enabled high-resolution in vivo imaging within highly scattering biological model systems. Examples include imaging of myelinated axons and vascular structures within the mouse spinal cord and deep cortical layers of the mouse brain, along with imaging of key anatomical features in the roots of the model plant Brachypodium distachyon. In all instances, aberration correction led to enhancements in image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Present address: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daisong Pan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ryan G Natan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Manuel A Mohr
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Present address: Yale Ventures, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Max Miao
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoke Chen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Trent R Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John P Vogel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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4
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Rodríguez C, Pan D, Natan RG, Mohr MA, Miao M, Chen X, Northen TR, Vogel JP, Ji N. Adaptive optical third-harmonic generation microscopy for in vivo imaging of tissues. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.02.592275. [PMID: 38746456 PMCID: PMC11092640 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.02.592275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Third-harmonic generation microscopy is a powerful label-free nonlinear imaging technique, providing essential information about structural characteristics of cells and tissues without requiring external labelling agents. In this work, we integrated a recently developed compact adaptive optics module into a third-harmonic generation microscope, to measure and correct for optical aberrations in complex tissues. Taking advantage of the high sensitivity of the third-harmonic generation process to material interfaces and thin membranes, along with the 1,300-nm excitation wavelength used here, our adaptive optical third-harmonic generation microscope enabled high-resolution in vivo imaging within highly scattering biological model systems. Examples include imaging of myelinated axons and vascular structures within the mouse spinal cord and deep cortical layers of the mouse brain, along with imaging of key anatomical features in the roots of the model plant Brachypodium distachyon. In all instances, aberration correction led to significant enhancements in image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Present address: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Daisong Pan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ryan G. Natan
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Manuel A. Mohr
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Present address: Yale Ventures, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Max Miao
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xiaoke Chen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Trent R. Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - John P. Vogel
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
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5
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Bueno JM, Martínez-Ojeda RM, Pérez-Zabalza M, García-Mendívil L, Asensio MC, Ordovás L, Pueyo E. Analysis of age-related changes in the left ventricular myocardium with multiphoton microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:3251-3264. [PMID: 38855691 PMCID: PMC11161339 DOI: 10.1364/boe.509227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Aging induces cardiac remodeling, resulting in an increase in the risk of suffering heart diseases, including heart failure. Collagen deposition increases with age and, together with sarcomeric changes in cardiomyocytes, may lead to ventricular stiffness. Multiphoton (MP) microscopy is a useful technique to visualize and detect variations in cardiac structures in a label free fashion. Here, we propose a method based on MP imaging (both two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) modalities) to explore and objectively quantify age-related structural differences in various components of cardiac tissues. Results in transmural porcine left ventricle (LV) sections reveal significant differences when comparing samples from young and old animals. Collagen and myosin SHG signals in old specimens are respectively 3.8x and >6-fold larger than in young ones. Differences in TPEF signals from cardiomyocyte were ∼3x. Moreover, the increased amount of collagen in old specimens results in a more organized pattern when compared to young LV tissues. Since changes in collagen and myosin are associated with cardiac dysfunction, the technique used herein might be a useful tool to accurately predict and measure changes associated with age-related myocardium fibrosis, tissue remodeling and sarcomeric alterations, with potential implications in preventing heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M. Bueno
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Martínez-Ojeda
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Pérez-Zabalza
- BSICoS group, I3A, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa (CUD), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | - M. Carmen Asensio
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Laura Ordovás
- BSICoS group, I3A, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Fundación Agencia Aragonesa para la Investigación y el Desarrollo (ARAID), 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Pueyo
- BSICoS group, I3A, IIS Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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6
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Cheng YT, Lett KM, Xu C, Schaffer CB. Three-photon excited fluorescence microscopy enables imaging of blood flow, neural structure and inflammatory response deep into mouse spinal cord in vivo. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.04.588110. [PMID: 38617307 PMCID: PMC11014502 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.04.588110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical microscopy enables non-invasive imaging in scattering samples with cellular resolution. The spinal cord connects the brain with the periphery and governs fundamental behaviors such as locomotion and somatosensation. Because of dense myelination on the dorsal surface, imaging to the spinal grey matter is challenging, even with two-photon microscopy. Here we show that three-photon excited fluorescence (3PEF) microscopy enables multicolor imaging at depths of up to ~550 μm into the mouse spinal cord, in vivo. We quantified blood flow across vessel types along the spinal vascular network. We then followed the response of neurites and microglia after occlusion of a surface venule, where we observed depth-dependent structural changes in neurites and interactions of perivascular microglia with vessel branches upstream from the clot. This work establishes that 3PEF imaging enables studies of functional dynamics and cell type interactions in the top 550 μm of the murine spinal cord, in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Cheng
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Kawasi M. Lett
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Chris B. Schaffer
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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7
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Ávila FJ, Bueno JM. Spherical Aberration and Scattering Compensation in Microscopy Images through a Blind Deconvolution Method. J Imaging 2024; 10:43. [PMID: 38392091 PMCID: PMC10890253 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging10020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The optical quality of an image depends on both the optical properties of the imaging system and the physical properties of the medium the light passes while travelling from the object to the image plane. The computation of the point spread function (PSF) associated to the optical system is often used to assess the image quality. In a non-ideal optical system, the PSF is affected by aberrations that distort the final image. Moreover, in the presence of turbid media, the scattering phenomena spread the light at wide angular distributions that contribute to reduce contrast and sharpness. If the mathematical degradation operator affecting the recorded image is known, the image can be restored through deconvolution methods. In some scenarios, no (or partial) information on the PSF is available. In those cases, blind deconvolution approaches arise as useful solutions for image restoration. In this work, a new blind deconvolution method is proposed to restore images using spherical aberration (SA) and scatter-based kernel filters. The procedure was evaluated in different microscopy images. The results show the capability of the algorithm to detect both degradation coefficients (i.e., SA and scattering) and to restore images without information on the real PSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Ávila
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Juan M Bueno
- Laboratorio de Óptica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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8
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Zhou ZC, Gordon-Fennell A, Piantadosi SC, Ji N, Smith SL, Bruchas MR, Stuber GD. Deep-brain optical recording of neural dynamics during behavior. Neuron 2023; 111:3716-3738. [PMID: 37804833 PMCID: PMC10843303 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
In vivo fluorescence recording techniques have produced landmark discoveries in neuroscience, providing insight into how single cell and circuit-level computations mediate sensory processing and generate complex behaviors. While much attention has been given to recording from cortical brain regions, deep-brain fluorescence recording is more complex because it requires additional measures to gain optical access to harder to reach brain nuclei. Here we discuss detailed considerations and tradeoffs regarding deep-brain fluorescence recording techniques and provide a comprehensive guide for all major steps involved, from project planning to data analysis. The goal is to impart guidance for new and experienced investigators seeking to use in vivo deep fluorescence optical recordings in awake, behaving rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Charles Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Adam Gordon-Fennell
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Sean C Piantadosi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Spencer LaVere Smith
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Michael R Bruchas
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Garret D Stuber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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9
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Martínez-Ojeda RM, Mugnier LM, Artal P, Bueno JM. Blind deconvolution of second harmonic microscopy images of the living human eye. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:2117-2128. [PMID: 37206134 PMCID: PMC10191662 DOI: 10.1364/boe.486989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging microscopy of thick biological tissues is affected by the presence of aberrations and scattering within the sample. Moreover, additional problems, such as uncontrolled movements, appear when imaging in-vivo. Deconvolution methods can be used to overcome these limitations under some conditions. In particular, we present here a technique based on a marginal blind deconvolution approach for improving SHG images obtained in vivo in the human eye (cornea and sclera). Different image quality metrics are used to quantify the attained improvement. Collagen fibers in both cornea and sclera are better visualized and their spatial distributions accurately assessed. This might be a useful tool to better discriminate between healthy and pathological tissues, especially those where changes in collagen distribution occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M. Martínez-Ojeda
- Laboratorio de Óptica,
Instituto Universitario de Investigación en
Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de
Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Pablo Artal
- Laboratorio de Óptica,
Instituto Universitario de Investigación en
Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de
Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan M. Bueno
- Laboratorio de Óptica,
Instituto Universitario de Investigación en
Óptica y Nanofísica, Universidad de
Murcia, Campus de Espinardo (Ed. 34), 30100 Murcia, Spain
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10
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Zhang Q, Yang Y, Cao KJ, Chen W, Paidi S, Xia CH, Kramer RH, Gong X, Ji N. Retinal microvascular and neuronal pathologies probed in vivo by adaptive optical two-photon fluorescence microscopy. eLife 2023; 12:84853. [PMID: 37039777 PMCID: PMC10089658 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The retina, behind the transparent optics of the eye, is the only neural tissue whose physiology and pathology can be non-invasively probed by optical microscopy. The aberrations intrinsic to the mouse eye, however, prevent high-resolution investigation of retinal structure and function in vivo. Optimizing the design of a two-photon fluorescence microscope (2PFM) and sample preparation procedure, we found that adaptive optics (AO), by measuring and correcting ocular aberrations, is essential for resolving putative synaptic structures and achieving three-dimensional cellular resolution in the mouse retina in vivo. Applying AO-2PFM to longitudinal retinal imaging in transgenic models of retinal pathology, we characterized microvascular lesions with sub-capillary details in a proliferative vascular retinopathy model, and found Lidocaine to effectively suppress retinal ganglion cell hyperactivity in a retinal degeneration model. Tracking structural and functional changes at high-resolution longitudinally, AO-2PFM enables microscopic investigations of retinal pathology and pharmacology for disease diagnosis and treatment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Yuhan Yang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Kevin J Cao
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Santosh Paidi
- School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Chun-Hong Xia
- School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Richard H Kramer
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Xiaohua Gong
- School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Vision Science Program, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
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11
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Zhang Q, Hu Q, Berlage C, Kner P, Judkewitz B, Booth M, Ji N. Adaptive optics for optical microscopy [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:1732-1756. [PMID: 37078027 PMCID: PMC10110298 DOI: 10.1364/boe.479886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Optical microscopy is widely used to visualize fine structures. When applied to bioimaging, its performance is often degraded by sample-induced aberrations. In recent years, adaptive optics (AO), originally developed to correct for atmosphere-associated aberrations, has been applied to a wide range of microscopy modalities, enabling high- or super-resolution imaging of biological structure and function in complex tissues. Here, we review classic and recently developed AO techniques and their applications in optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrong Zhang
- Department of Physics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Qi Hu
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Caroline Berlage
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Biology, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter Kner
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Benjamin Judkewitz
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Einstein Center for Neurosciences, NeuroCure Cluster of Excellence, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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12
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Rodríguez C, Booth MJ, Turcotte R. Editorial: Adaptive optics for in vivo brain imaging. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1188614. [PMID: 37065915 PMCID: PMC10102636 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1188614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- *Correspondence: Cristina Rodríguez
| | - Martin J. Booth
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Raphaël Turcotte
- Kingdom Supercultures, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Raphaël Turcotte
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13
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Gredell M, Lu J, Zuo Y. The effect of single-cell knockout of Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein on synaptic structural plasticity. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2023; 15:1135479. [PMID: 37035256 PMCID: PMC10076639 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2023.1135479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is the best-known form of inherited intellectual disability caused by the loss-of-function mutation in a single gene. The FMR1 gene mutation abolishes the expression of Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), which regulates the expression of many synaptic proteins. Cortical pyramidal neurons in postmortem FXS patient brains show abnormally high density and immature morphology of dendritic spines; this phenotype is replicated in the Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse. While FMRP is well-positioned in the dendrite to regulate synaptic plasticity, intriguing in vitro and in vivo data show that wild type neurons embedded in a network of Fmr1 KO neurons or glia exhibit spine abnormalities just as neurons in Fmr1 global KO mice. This raises the question: does FMRP regulate synaptic morphology and dynamics in a cell-autonomous manner, or do the synaptic phenotypes arise from abnormal pre-synaptic inputs? To address this question, we combined viral and mouse genetic approaches to delete FMRP from a very sparse subset of cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons (L5 PyrNs) either during early postnatal development or in adulthood. We then followed the structural dynamics of dendritic spines on these Fmr1 KO neurons by in vivo two-photon microscopy. We found that, while L5 PyrNs in adult Fmr1 global KO mice have abnormally high density of thin spines, single-cell Fmr1 KO in adulthood does not affect spine density, morphology, or dynamics. On the contrary, neurons with neonatal FMRP deletion have normal spine density but elevated spine formation at 1 month of age, replicating the phenotype in Fmr1 global KO mice. Interestingly, these neurons exhibit elevated thin spine density, but normal total spine density, by adulthood. Together, our data reveal cell-autonomous FMRP regulation of cortical synaptic dynamics during adolescence, but spine defects in adulthood also implicate non-cell-autonomous factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Zuo
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
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14
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Zohrabi M, Lim WY, Gilinsky S, Bright VM, Gopinath JT. Adaptive aberration correction using an electrowetting array. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 2023; 122:081102. [PMID: 36846091 PMCID: PMC9946697 DOI: 10.1063/5.0133473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a method that permits wavefront aberration correction using an array of electrowetting prisms. A fixed high fill factor microlens array followed by a lower fill factor adaptive electrowetting prism array is used to correct wavefront aberration. The design and simulation of such aberration correction mechanism is described. Our results show significant improvement to the Strehl ratio by using our aberration correction scheme which results in diffraction limited performance. Compactness and effectiveness of our design can be implemented in many applications that require aberration correction, such as microscopy and consumer electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zohrabi
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
| | - Wei Yang Lim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Samuel Gilinsky
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Victor M. Bright
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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15
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Maddalena L, Keizers H, Pozzi P, Carroll E. Local aberration control to improve efficiency in multiphoton holographic projections. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:29128-29147. [PMID: 36299095 DOI: 10.1364/oe.463553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Optical aberrations affect the quality of light propagating through a turbid medium, where refractive index is spatially inhomogeneous. In multiphoton optical applications, such as two-photon excitation fluorescence imaging and optogenetics, aberrations non-linearly impair the efficiency of excitation. We demonstrate a sensorless adaptive optics technique to compensate aberrations in holograms projected into turbid media. We use a spatial light modulator to project custom three dimensional holographic patterns and to correct for local (anisoplanatic) distortions. The method is tested on both synthetic and biological samples to counteract aberrations arising respectively from misalignment of the optical system and from samples inhomogeneities. In both cases the anisoplanatic correction improves the intensity of the stimulation pattern at least two-fold.
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16
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Sinefeld D, Xia F, Wang M, Wang T, Wu C, Yang X, Paudel HP, Ouzounov DG, Bifano TG, Xu C. Three-Photon Adaptive Optics for Mouse Brain Imaging. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:880859. [PMID: 35692424 PMCID: PMC9185169 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.880859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-photon microscopy (3PM) was shown to allow deeper imaging than two-photon microscopy (2PM) in scattering biological tissues, such as the mouse brain, since the longer excitation wavelength reduces tissue scattering and the higher-order non-linear excitation suppresses out-of-focus background fluorescence. Imaging depth and resolution can further be improved by aberration correction using adaptive optics (AO) techniques where a spatial light modulator (SLM) is used to correct wavefront aberrations. Here, we present and analyze a 3PM AO system for in vivo mouse brain imaging. We use a femtosecond source at 1300 nm to generate three-photon (3P) fluorescence in yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) labeled mouse brain and a microelectromechanical (MEMS) SLM to apply different Zernike phase patterns. The 3P fluorescence signal is used as feedback to calculate the amount of phase correction without direct phase measurement. We show signal improvement in the cortex and the hippocampus at greater than 1 mm depth and demonstrate close to diffraction-limited imaging in the cortical layers of the brain, including imaging of dendritic spines. In addition, we characterize the effective volume for AO correction within brain tissues, and discuss the limitations of AO correction in 3PM of mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sinefeld
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Department of Applied Physics, Electro-Optics Engineering Faculty, Jerusalem College of Technology, Jerusalem, Israel
- *Correspondence: David Sinefeld,
| | - Fei Xia
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Mengran Wang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Tianyu Wang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Chunyan Wu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Xusan Yang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Hari P. Paudel
- Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dimitre G. Ouzounov
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Chris Xu
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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17
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Iyer RR, Liu YZ, Renteria CA, Tibble BE, Choi H, Žurauskas M, Boppart SA. Ultra-parallel label-free optophysiology of neural activity. iScience 2022; 25:104307. [PMID: 35602935 PMCID: PMC9114528 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The electrical activity of neurons has a spatiotemporal footprint that spans three orders of magnitude. Traditional electrophysiology lacks the spatial throughput to image the activity of an entire neural network; besides, labeled optical imaging using voltage-sensitive dyes and tracking Ca2+ ion dynamics lack the versatility and speed to capture fast-spiking activity, respectively. We present a label-free optical imaging technique to image the changes to the optical path length and the local birefringence caused by neural activity, at 4,000 Hz, across a 200 × 200 μm2 region, and with micron-scale spatial resolution and 300-pm displacement sensitivity using Superfast Polarization-sensitive Off-axis Full-field Optical Coherence Microscopy (SPoOF OCM). The undulations in the optical responses from mammalian neuronal activity were matched with field-potential electrophysiology measurements and validated with channel blockers. By directly tracking the widefield neural activity at millisecond timescales and micrometer resolution, SPoOF OCM provides a framework to progress from low-throughput electrophysiology to high-throughput ultra-parallel label-free optophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishyashring R. Iyer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yuan-Zhi Liu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Carlos A. Renteria
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Brian E. Tibble
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Honggu Choi
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mantas Žurauskas
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA,Corresponding author
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18
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Imperato S, Harms F, Hubert A, Mercier M, Bourdieu L, Fragola A. Single-shot quantitative aberration and scattering length measurements in mouse brain tissues using an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:15250-15265. [PMID: 35473251 DOI: 10.1364/oe.456651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Deep fluorescence imaging in mammalian brain tissues remains challenging due to scattering and optical aberration-induced loss in signal and resolution. Correction of aberrations using adaptive optics (AO) requires their reliable measurement in the tissues. Here, we show that an extended-source Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (ESSH) allows quantitative aberration measurements through fixed brain slices with a thickness up to four times their scattering length. We demonstrate in particular that this wavefront measurement method based on image correlation is more robust to scattering compared to the standard centroid-based approach. Finally, we obtain a measurement of the tissue scattering length taking advantage of the geometry of a Shack-Hartmann sensor.
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19
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Haynes EM, Ulland TK, Eliceiri KW. A Model of Discovery: The Role of Imaging Established and Emerging Non-mammalian Models in Neuroscience. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:867010. [PMID: 35493325 PMCID: PMC9046975 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.867010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents have been the dominant animal models in neurobiology and neurological disease research over the past 60 years. The prevalent use of rats and mice in neuroscience research has been driven by several key attributes including their organ physiology being more similar to humans, the availability of a broad variety of behavioral tests and genetic tools, and widely accessible reagents. However, despite the many advances in understanding neurobiology that have been achieved using rodent models, there remain key limitations in the questions that can be addressed in these and other mammalian models. In particular, in vivo imaging in mammals at the cell-resolution level remains technically difficult and demands large investments in time and cost. The simpler nervous systems of many non-mammalian models allow for precise mapping of circuits and even the whole brain with impressive subcellular resolution. The types of non-mammalian neuroscience models available spans vertebrates and non-vertebrates, so that an appropriate model for most cell biological questions in neurodegenerative disease likely exists. A push to diversify the models used in neuroscience research could help address current gaps in knowledge, complement existing rodent-based bodies of work, and bring new insight into our understanding of human disease. Moreover, there are inherent aspects of many non-mammalian models such as lifespan and tissue transparency that can make them specifically advantageous for neuroscience studies. Crispr/Cas9 gene editing and decreased cost of genome sequencing combined with advances in optical microscopy enhances the utility of new animal models to address specific questions. This review seeks to synthesize current knowledge of established and emerging non-mammalian model organisms with advances in cellular-resolution in vivo imaging techniques to suggest new approaches to understand neurodegeneration and neurobiological processes. We will summarize current tools and in vivo imaging approaches at the single cell scale that could help lead to increased consideration of non-mammalian models in neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Haynes
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tyler K. Ulland
- Department of Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Kevin W. Eliceiri
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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20
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Abdelfattah AS, Ahuja S, Akkin T, Allu SR, Brake J, Boas DA, Buckley EM, Campbell RE, Chen AI, Cheng X, Čižmár T, Costantini I, De Vittorio M, Devor A, Doran PR, El Khatib M, Emiliani V, Fomin-Thunemann N, Fainman Y, Fernandez-Alfonso T, Ferri CGL, Gilad A, Han X, Harris A, Hillman EMC, Hochgeschwender U, Holt MG, Ji N, Kılıç K, Lake EMR, Li L, Li T, Mächler P, Miller EW, Mesquita RC, Nadella KMNS, Nägerl UV, Nasu Y, Nimmerjahn A, Ondráčková P, Pavone FS, Perez Campos C, Peterka DS, Pisano F, Pisanello F, Puppo F, Sabatini BL, Sadegh S, Sakadzic S, Shoham S, Shroff SN, Silver RA, Sims RR, Smith SL, Srinivasan VJ, Thunemann M, Tian L, Tian L, Troxler T, Valera A, Vaziri A, Vinogradov SA, Vitale F, Wang LV, Uhlířová H, Xu C, Yang C, Yang MH, Yellen G, Yizhar O, Zhao Y. Neurophotonic tools for microscopic measurements and manipulation: status report. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:013001. [PMID: 35493335 PMCID: PMC9047450 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.s1.013001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Neurophotonics was launched in 2014 coinciding with the launch of the BRAIN Initiative focused on development of technologies for advancement of neuroscience. For the last seven years, Neurophotonics' agenda has been well aligned with this focus on neurotechnologies featuring new optical methods and tools applicable to brain studies. While the BRAIN Initiative 2.0 is pivoting towards applications of these novel tools in the quest to understand the brain, this status report reviews an extensive and diverse toolkit of novel methods to explore brain function that have emerged from the BRAIN Initiative and related large-scale efforts for measurement and manipulation of brain structure and function. Here, we focus on neurophotonic tools mostly applicable to animal studies. A companion report, scheduled to appear later this year, will cover diffuse optical imaging methods applicable to noninvasive human studies. For each domain, we outline the current state-of-the-art of the respective technologies, identify the areas where innovation is needed, and provide an outlook for the future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Abdelfattah
- Brown University, Department of Neuroscience, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Sapna Ahuja
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Taner Akkin
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Srinivasa Rao Allu
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joshua Brake
- Harvey Mudd College, Department of Engineering, Claremont, California, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Erin M. Buckley
- Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
- Emory University, Department of Pediatrics, Atlanta, Georgia, United States
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- University of Tokyo, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
- University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anderson I. Chen
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Xiaojun Cheng
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Tomáš Čižmár
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irene Costantini
- University of Florence, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Department of Biology, Florence, Italy
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo De Vittorio
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Anna Devor
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Patrick R. Doran
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Mirna El Khatib
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | | | - Natalie Fomin-Thunemann
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Yeshaiahu Fainman
- University of California San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Tomas Fernandez-Alfonso
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher G. L. Ferri
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Ariel Gilad
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute for Medical Research Israel–Canada, Department of Medical Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Xue Han
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Andrew Harris
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Ute Hochgeschwender
- Central Michigan University, Department of Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States
| | - Matthew G. Holt
- University of Porto, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Porto, Portugal
| | - Na Ji
- University of California Berkeley, Department of Physics, Berkeley, California, United States
| | - Kıvılcım Kılıç
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Evelyn M. R. Lake
- Yale School of Medicine, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
| | - Lei Li
- California Institute of Technology, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Tianqi Li
- University of Minnesota, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
| | - Philipp Mächler
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Evan W. Miller
- University of California Berkeley, Departments of Chemistry and Molecular & Cell Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Berkeley, California, United States
| | | | | | - U. Valentin Nägerl
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience University of Bordeaux & CNRS, Bordeaux, France
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- University of Tokyo, Department of Chemistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Axel Nimmerjahn
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Center, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Petra Ondráčková
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Francesco S. Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- University of Florence, European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Department of Physics, Florence, Italy
| | - Citlali Perez Campos
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, United States
| | - Darcy S. Peterka
- Columbia University, Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute, New York, United States
| | - Filippo Pisano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Pisanello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Italy
| | - Francesca Puppo
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Bernardo L. Sabatini
- Harvard Medical School, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sanaz Sadegh
- University of California San Diego, Departments of Neurosciences, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Sava Sakadzic
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Shy Shoham
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Tech4Health and Neuroscience Institutes, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sanaya N. Shroff
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - R. Angus Silver
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth R. Sims
- Sorbonne University, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, Paris, France
| | - Spencer L. Smith
- University of California Santa Barbara, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Santa Barbara, California, United States
| | - Vivek J. Srinivasan
- New York University Langone Health, Departments of Ophthalmology and Radiology, New York, New York, United States
| | - Martin Thunemann
- Boston University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lei Tian
- Boston University, Departments of Electrical Engineering and Biomedical Engineering, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Lin Tian
- University of California Davis, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Davis, California, United States
| | - Thomas Troxler
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Antoine Valera
- University College London, Department of Neuroscience, Physiology and Pharmacology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alipasha Vaziri
- Rockefeller University, Laboratory of Neurotechnology and Biophysics, New York, New York, United States
- The Rockefeller University, The Kavli Neural Systems Institute, New York, New York, United States
| | - Sergei A. Vinogradov
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Flavia Vitale
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, Departments of Neurology, Bioengineering, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- California Institute of Technology, Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Department of Electrical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Hana Uhlířová
- Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Chris Xu
- Cornell University, School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Ithaca, New York, United States
| | - Changhuei Yang
- California Institute of Technology, Departments of Electrical Engineering, Bioengineering and Medical Engineering, Pasadena, California, United States
| | - Mu-Han Yang
- University of California San Diego, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, La Jolla, California, United States
| | - Gary Yellen
- Harvard Medical School, Department of Neurobiology, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Ofer Yizhar
- Weizmann Institute of Science, Department of Brain Sciences, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Carnegie Mellon University, Department of Biological Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
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21
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Chen W, Natan RG, Yang Y, Chou SW, Zhang Q, Isacoff EY, Ji N. In vivo volumetric imaging of calcium and glutamate activity at synapses with high spatiotemporal resolution. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6630. [PMID: 34785691 PMCID: PMC8595604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying neuronal activity at synapses requires high spatiotemporal resolution. For high spatial resolution in vivo imaging at depth, adaptive optics (AO) is required to correct sample-induced aberrations. To improve temporal resolution, Bessel focus has been combined with two-photon fluorescence microscopy (2PFM) for fast volumetric imaging at subcellular lateral resolution. To achieve both high-spatial and high-temporal resolution at depth, we develop an efficient AO method that corrects the distorted wavefront of Bessel focus at the objective focal plane and recovers diffraction-limited imaging performance. Applying AO Bessel focus scanning 2PFM to volumetric imaging of zebrafish larval and mouse brains down to 500 µm depth, we demonstrate substantial improvements in the sensitivity and resolution of structural and functional measurements of synapses in vivo. This enables volumetric measurements of synaptic calcium and glutamate activity at high accuracy, including the simultaneous recording of glutamate activity of apical and basal dendritic spines in the mouse cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420 USA
| | - Ryan G. Natan
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420 USA
| | - Yuhan Yang
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420 USA
| | - Shih-Wei Chou
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Qinrong Zhang
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 97420 USA
| | - Ehud Y. Isacoff
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 97420, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. .,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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22
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Abstract
Fluorescence imaging techniques play a pivotal role in our understanding of the nervous system. The emergence of various super-resolution microscopy methods and specialized fluorescent probes enables direct insight into neuronal structure and protein arrangements in cellular subcompartments with so far unmatched resolution. Super-resolving visualization techniques in neurons unveil a novel understanding of cytoskeletal composition, distribution, motility, and signaling of membrane proteins, subsynaptic structure and function, and neuron-glia interaction. Well-defined molecular targets in autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease models provide excellent starting points for in-depth investigation of disease pathophysiology using novel and innovative imaging methodology. Application of super-resolution microscopy in human brain samples and for testing clinical biomarkers is still in its infancy but opens new opportunities for translational research in neurology and neuroscience. In this review, we describe how super-resolving microscopy has improved our understanding of neuronal and brain function and dysfunction in the last two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Werner
- Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology & Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Geis
- Section Translational Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
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23
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Rodríguez C, Chen A, Rivera JA, Mohr MA, Liang Y, Natan RG, Sun W, Milkie DE, Bifano TG, Chen X, Ji N. An adaptive optics module for deep tissue multiphoton imaging in vivo. Nat Methods 2021; 18:1259-1264. [PMID: 34608309 PMCID: PMC9090585 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding complex biological systems requires visualizing structures and processes deep within living organisms. We developed a compact adaptive optics module and incorporated it into two- and three-photon fluorescence microscopes, to measure and correct tissue-induced aberrations. We resolved synaptic structures in deep cortical and subcortical areas of the mouse brain, and demonstrated high-resolution imaging of neuronal structures and somatosensory-evoked calcium responses in the mouse spinal cord at great depths in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this work: Cristina Rodríguez, Anderson Chen
| | - Anderson Chen
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Present address: Bio Optical & Acoustic Spectroscopy Lab, Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,These authors contributed equally to this work: Cristina Rodríguez, Anderson Chen
| | - José A. Rivera
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Manuel A. Mohr
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yajie Liang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Present address: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ryan G. Natan
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wenzhi Sun
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Present address: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Present address: Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Daniel E. Milkie
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA
| | - Thomas G. Bifano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.,Present address: Bio Optical & Acoustic Spectroscopy Lab, Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoke Chen
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Corresponding author:
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24
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Torigoe M, Islam T, Kakinuma H, Fung CCA, Isomura T, Shimazaki H, Aoki T, Fukai T, Okamoto H. Zebrafish capable of generating future state prediction error show improved active avoidance behavior in virtual reality. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5712. [PMID: 34588436 PMCID: PMC8481257 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals make decisions under the principle of reward value maximization and surprise minimization. It is still unclear how these principles are represented in the brain and are reflected in behavior. We addressed this question using a closed-loop virtual reality system to train adult zebrafish for active avoidance. Analysis of the neural activity of the dorsal pallium during training revealed neural ensembles assigning rules to the colors of the surrounding walls. Additionally, one third of fish generated another ensemble that becomes activated only when the real perceived scenery shows discrepancy from the predicted favorable scenery. The fish with the latter ensemble escape more efficiently than the fish with the former ensembles alone, even though both fish have successfully learned to escape, consistent with the hypothesis that the latter ensemble guides zebrafish to take action to minimize this prediction error. Our results suggest that zebrafish can use both principles of goal-directed behavior, but with different behavioral consequences depending on the repertoire of the adopted principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makio Torigoe
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tanvir Islam
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hisaya Kakinuma
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chi Chung Alan Fung
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Takuya Isomura
- Brain Intelligence Theory Unit, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimazaki
- Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence, and Neuroscience (CHAIN), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Tazu Aoki
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomoki Fukai
- Neural Coding and Brain Computing Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna-son, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Okamoto
- Lab. for Neural Circuit Dynamics of Decision Making, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- RIKEN CBS-Kao Collaboration Center, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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25
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Wang J, Zhang Y. Adaptive optics in super-resolution microscopy. BIOPHYSICS REPORTS 2021; 7:267-279. [PMID: 37287764 PMCID: PMC10233472 DOI: 10.52601/bpr.2021.210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy has become a routine tool in biology for interrogating life activities with minimal perturbation. While the resolution of fluorescence microscopy is in theory governed only by the diffraction of light, the resolution obtainable in practice is also constrained by the presence of optical aberrations. The past two decades have witnessed the advent of super-resolution microscopy that overcomes the diffraction barrier, enabling numerous biological investigations at the nanoscale. Adaptive optics, a technique borrowed from astronomical imaging, has been applied to correct for optical aberrations in essentially every microscopy modality, especially in super-resolution microscopy in the last decade, to restore optimal image quality and resolution. In this review, we briefly introduce the fundamental concepts of adaptive optics and the operating principles of the major super-resolution imaging techniques. We highlight some recent implementations and advances in adaptive optics for active and dynamic aberration correction in super-resolution microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Wang
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Yongdeng Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, China
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26
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Wu YC, Chang JC, Chang CY. Adaptive optics for dynamic aberration compensation using parallel model-based controllers based on a field programmable gate array. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:21129-21142. [PMID: 34265906 DOI: 10.1364/oe.428247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive optics (AO) is an effective technique for compensating the aberrations in optical systems and restoring their performance for various applications such as image formation, laser processing, and beam shaping. To reduce the controller complexity and extend the compensation capacity from static aberrations to dynamic disturbances, the present study proposes an AO system consisting of a self-built Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWS), a deformable mirror (DM), and field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based controllers. This AO system is developed for tracking static and dynamic disturbances and tuning the controller parameters as required to achieve rapid compensation of the incoming wavefront. In the proposed system, the FPGA estimates the coefficients of the eight Zernike modes based on the SHWS with CameraLink operated at 200 Hz. The estimated coefficients are then processed by eight parallel independent discrete controllers to generate the voltage vectors to drive the DM to compensate the aberrations. To have the DM model for controller design, the voltage vectors are identified offline and are optimized by closed-loop controllers. Furthermore, the controller parameters are tuned dynamically in accordance with the main frequency of the aberration as determined by a fast Fourier transform (FFT) process. The experimental results show that the AO system provides a low complexity and effective means of compensating both static aberrations and dynamic disturbance up to 20 Hz.
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27
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Vishniakou I, Seelig JD. Differentiable model-based adaptive optics for two-photon microscopy. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:21418-21427. [PMID: 34265930 DOI: 10.1364/oe.424344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aberrations limit scanning fluorescence microscopy when imaging in scattering materials such as biological tissue. Model-based approaches for adaptive optics take advantage of a computational model of the optical setup. Such models can be combined with the optimization techniques of machine learning frameworks to find aberration corrections, as was demonstrated for focusing a laser beam through aberrations onto a camera [Opt. Express2826436 (26436)10.1364/OE.403487]. Here, we extend this approach to two-photon scanning microscopy. The developed sensorless technique finds corrections for aberrations in scattering samples and will be useful for a range of imaging application, for example in brain tissue.
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28
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Murphy KJ, Reed DA, Trpceski M, Herrmann D, Timpson P. Quantifying and visualising the nuances of cellular dynamics in vivo using intravital imaging. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 72:41-53. [PMID: 34091131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intravital imaging is a powerful technology used to quantify and track dynamic changes in live cells and tissues within an intact environment. The ability to watch cell biology in real-time 'as it happens' has provided novel insight into tissue homeostasis, as well as disease initiation, progression and response to treatment. In this minireview, we highlight recent advances in the field of intravital microscopy, touching upon advances in awake versus anaesthesia-based approaches, as well as the integration of biosensors into intravital imaging. We also discuss current challenges that, in our opinion, need to be overcome to further advance the field of intravital imaging at the single-cell, subcellular and molecular resolution to reveal nuances of cell behaviour that can be targeted in complex disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendelle J Murphy
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Daniel A Reed
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Trpceski
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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29
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Daria VR, Castañares ML, Bachor HA. Spatio-temporal parameters for optical probing of neuronal activity. Biophys Rev 2021; 13:13-33. [PMID: 33747244 PMCID: PMC7930150 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-021-00780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenge to understand the complex neuronal circuit functions in the mammalian brain has brought about a revolution in light-based neurotechnologies and optogenetic tools. However, while recent seminal works have shown excellent insights on the processing of basic functions such as sensory perception, memory, and navigation, understanding more complex brain functions is still unattainable with current technologies. We are just scratching the surface, both literally and figuratively. Yet, the path towards fully understanding the brain is not totally uncertain. Recent rapid technological advancements have allowed us to analyze the processing of signals within dendritic arborizations of single neurons and within neuronal circuits. Understanding the circuit dynamics in the brain requires a good appreciation of the spatial and temporal properties of neuronal activity. Here, we assess the spatio-temporal parameters of neuronal responses and match them with suitable light-based neurotechnologies as well as photochemical and optogenetic tools. We focus on the spatial range that includes dendrites and certain brain regions (e.g., cortex and hippocampus) that constitute neuronal circuits. We also review some temporal characteristics of some proteins and ion channels responsible for certain neuronal functions. With the aid of the photochemical and optogenetic markers, we can use light to visualize the circuit dynamics of a functioning brain. The challenge to understand how the brain works continue to excite scientists as research questions begin to link macroscopic and microscopic units of brain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent R. Daria
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Hans-A. Bachor
- Research School of Physics, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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30
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Peinado A, Bendek E, Yokoyama S, Poskanzer KE. Deformable mirror-based axial scanning for two-photon mammalian brain imaging. NEUROPHOTONICS 2021; 8:015003. [PMID: 33437848 PMCID: PMC7778453 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.1.015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Significance: To expand our understanding of the roles of astrocytes in neural circuits, there is a need to develop optical tools tailored specifically to capture their complex spatiotemporal Ca 2 + dynamics. This interest is not limited to 2D, but to multiple depths. Aim: The focus of our work was to design and evaluate the optical performance of an enhanced version of a two-photon (2P) microscope with the addition of a deformable mirror (DM)-based axial scanning system for live mammalian brain imaging. Approach: We used a DM to manipulate the beam wavefront by applying different defocus terms to cause a controlled axial shift of the image plane. The optical design and performance were evaluated by an analysis of the optical model, followed by an experimental characterization of the implemented instrument. Results: Key questions related to this instrument were addressed, including impact of the DM curvature change on vignetting, field of view size, image plane flatness, wavefront error, and point spread function. The instrument was used for imaging several neurobiological samples at different depths, including fixed brain slices and in vivo mouse cerebral cortex. Conclusions: Our implemented instrument was capable of recording z -stacks of 53 μ m in depth with a fine step size, parameters that make it useful for astrocyte biology research. Future work includes adaptive optics and intensity normalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Peinado
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Eduardo Bendek
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration, AMES Research Center, Moffet Field, California, United States
| | - Sae Yokoyama
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, San Francisco, California, United States
| | - Kira E. Poskanzer
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, San Francisco, California, United States
- Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, San Francisco, California, United States
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31
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Roth RH, Ding JB. From Neurons to Cognition: Technologies for Precise Recording of Neural Activity Underlying Behavior. BME FRONTIERS 2020; 2020:7190517. [PMID: 37849967 PMCID: PMC10521756 DOI: 10.34133/2020/7190517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding how brain activity encodes information and controls behavior is a long-standing question in neuroscience. This complex problem requires converging efforts from neuroscience and engineering, including technological solutions to perform high-precision and large-scale recordings of neuronal activity in vivo as well as unbiased methods to reliably measure and quantify behavior. Thanks to advances in genetics, molecular biology, engineering, and neuroscience, in recent decades, a variety of optical imaging and electrophysiological approaches for recording neuronal activity in awake animals have been developed and widely applied in the field. Moreover, sophisticated computer vision and machine learning algorithms have been developed to analyze animal behavior. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of technology for neuronal recordings with a focus on optical and electrophysiological methods in rodents. In addition, we discuss areas that future technological development will need to cover in order to further our understanding of the neural activity underlying behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard H Roth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jun B Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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32
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Fan JL, Rivera JA, Sun W, Peterson J, Haeberle H, Rubin S, Ji N. High-speed volumetric two-photon fluorescence imaging of neurovascular dynamics. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6020. [PMID: 33243995 PMCID: PMC7693336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the structure and function of vasculature in the brain requires us to monitor distributed hemodynamics at high spatial and temporal resolution in three-dimensional (3D) volumes in vivo. Currently, a volumetric vasculature imaging method with sub-capillary spatial resolution and blood flow-resolving speed is lacking. Here, using two-photon laser scanning microscopy (TPLSM) with an axially extended Bessel focus, we capture volumetric hemodynamics in the awake mouse brain at a spatiotemporal resolution sufficient for measuring capillary size and blood flow. With Bessel TPLSM, the fluorescence signal of a vessel becomes proportional to its size, which enables convenient intensity-based analysis of vessel dilation and constriction dynamics in large volumes. We observe entrainment of vasodilation and vasoconstriction with pupil diameter and measure 3D blood flow at 99 volumes/second. Demonstrating high-throughput monitoring of hemodynamics in the awake brain, we expect Bessel TPLSM to make broad impacts on neurovasculature research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Lan Fan
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.,University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jose A Rivera
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Wei Sun
- Thorlabs Imaging Systems, Sterling, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Sam Rubin
- Thorlabs Imaging Systems, Sterling, VA, USA.,LightPath Technologies Inc., Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Na Ji
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. .,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
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33
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Hall N, Titlow J, Booth MJ, Dobbie IM. Microscope-AOtools: a generalised adaptive optics implementation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:28987-29003. [PMID: 33114806 PMCID: PMC8219375 DOI: 10.1364/oe.401117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aberrations arising from sources such as sample heterogeneity and refractive index mismatches are constant problems in biological imaging. These aberrations reduce image quality and the achievable depth of imaging, particularly in super-resolution microscopy techniques. Adaptive optics (AO) technology has been proven to be effective in correcting for these aberrations, thereby improving the image quality. However, it has not been widely adopted by the biological imaging community due, in part, to difficulty in set-up and operation of AO. The methods for doing so are not novel or unknown, but new users often waste time and effort reimplementing existing methods for their specific set-ups, hardware, sample types, etc. Microscope-AOtools offers a robust, easy-to-use implementation of the essential methods for set-up and use of AO elements and techniques. These methods are constructed in a generalised manner that can utilise a range of adaptive optics elements, wavefront sensing techniques and sensorless AO correction methods. Furthermore, the methods are designed to be easily extensible as new techniques arise, leading to a streamlined pipeline for new AO technology and techniques to be adopted by the wider microscopy community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Hall
- Micron Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Josh Titlow
- Davis Lab, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Martin J. Booth
- Micron Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
| | - Ian M. Dobbie
- Micron Advanced Bioimaging Unit, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
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34
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Vishniakou I, Seelig JD. Differentiable model-based adaptive optics with transmitted and reflected light. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:26436-26446. [PMID: 32906916 DOI: 10.1364/oe.403487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aberrations limit optical systems in many situations, for example when imaging in biological tissue. Machine learning offers novel ways to improve imaging under such conditions by learning inverse models of aberrations. Learning requires datasets that cover a wide range of possible aberrations, which however becomes limiting for more strongly scattering samples, and does not take advantage of prior information about the imaging process. Here, we show that combining model-based adaptive optics with the optimization techniques of machine learning frameworks can find aberration corrections with a small number of measurements. Corrections are determined in a transmission configuration through a single aberrating layer and in a reflection configuration through two different layers at the same time. Additionally, corrections are not limited by a predetermined model of aberrations (such as combinations of Zernike modes). Focusing in transmission can be achieved based only on reflected light, compatible with an epidetection imaging configuration.
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35
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Vishniakou I, Seelig JD. Wavefront correction for adaptive optics with reflected light and deep neural networks. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:15459-15471. [PMID: 32403573 DOI: 10.1364/oe.392794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Light scattering and aberrations limit optical microscopy in biological tissue, which motivates the development of adaptive optics techniques. Here, we develop a method for wavefront correction in adaptive optics with reflected light and deep neural networks compatible with an epi-detection configuration. Large datasets of sample aberrations which consist of excitation and detection path aberrations as well as the corresponding reflected focus images are generated. These datasets are used for training deep neural networks. After training, these networks can disentangle and independently correct excitation and detection aberrations based on reflected light images recorded from scattering samples. A similar deep learning approach is also demonstrated with scattering guide stars. The predicted aberration corrections are validated using two photon imaging.
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36
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Rajaeipour P, Dorn A, Banerjee K, Zappe H, Ataman Ç. Extended field-of-view adaptive optics in microscopy via numerical field segmentation. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:3784-3791. [PMID: 32400506 DOI: 10.1364/ao.388000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sample-induced optical aberrations in microscopy are, in general, field dependent, limiting their correction via pupil adaptive optics (AO) to the center of the available field-of-view (FoV). This is a major hindrance, particularly for deep tissue imaging, where AO has a significant impact. We present a new wide-field AO microscopy scheme, in which the deformable element is located at the pupil plane of the objective. To maintain high-quality correction across its entirety, the FoV is partitioned into small segments, and a separate aberration estimation is performed for each via a modal-decomposition-based indirect wavefront sensing algorithm. A final full-field image is synthesized by stitching of the partitions corrected consecutively and independently via their respective measured aberrations. The performance and limitations of the method are experimentally explored on synthetic samples imaged via a custom-developed AO fluorescence microscope featuring an optofluidic refractive wavefront modulator.
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37
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Perrin L, Bayarmagnai B, Gligorijevic B. Frontiers in Intravital Multiphoton Microscopy of Cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2020; 3:e1192. [PMID: 32368722 PMCID: PMC7197974 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer is a highly complex disease which involves the co-operation of tumor cells with multiple types of host cells and the extracellular matrix. Cancer studies which rely solely on static measurements of individual cell types are insufficient to dissect this complexity. In the last two decades, intravital microscopy has established itself as a powerful technique that can significantly improve our understanding of cancer by revealing the dynamic interactions governing cancer initiation, progression and treatment effects, in living animals. This review focuses on intravital multiphoton microscopy (IV-MPM) applications in mouse models of cancer. Recent Findings IV-MPM studies have already enabled a deeper understanding of the complex events occurring in cancer, at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. Multiple cells types, present in different tissues, influence cancer cell behavior via activation of distinct signaling pathways. As a result, the boundaries in the field of IV-MPM are continuously being pushed to provide an integrated comprehension of cancer. We propose that optics, informatics and cancer (cell) biology are co-evolving as a new field. We have identified four emerging themes in this new field. First, new microscopy systems and image processing algorithms are enabling the simultaneous identification of multiple interactions between the tumor cells and the components of the tumor microenvironment. Second, techniques from molecular biology are being exploited to visualize subcellular structures and protein activities within individual cells of interest, and relate those to phenotypic decisions, opening the door for "in vivo cell biology". Third, combining IV-MPM with additional imaging modalities, or omics studies, holds promise for linking the cell phenotype to its genotype, metabolic state or tissue location. Finally, the clinical use of IV-MPM for analyzing efficacy of anti-cancer treatments is steadily growing, suggesting a future role of IV-MPM for personalized medicine. Conclusion IV-MPM has revolutionized visualization of tumor-microenvironment interactions in real time. Moving forward, incorporation of novel optics, automated image processing, and omics technologies, in the study of cancer biology, will not only advance our understanding of the underlying complexities but will also leverage the unique aspects of IV-MPM for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisiane Perrin
- Department of BioengineeringTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
| | | | - Bojana Gligorijevic
- Department of BioengineeringTemple UniversityPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
- Fox Chase Cancer CenterCancer Biology ProgramPhiladelphiaPennsylvania
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Shen Y, Nasu Y, Shkolnikov I, Kim A, Campbell RE. Engineering genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for imaging of neuronal activity: Progress and prospects. Neurosci Res 2020; 152:3-14. [PMID: 31991206 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators have transformed the way neuroscientists record neuronal activities and interrogate the nervous system in vivo. In this review, we discuss recent advances and new additions to the toolkit of indicators for calcium ion entry, membrane voltage change, neurotransmitter release, and other neuronal molecular processes. We highlight new engineering approaches for indicator design and development, and identify key areas for future improvement. From molecular tool developers' perspective, we aim to provide practical information for neuroscientists to evaluate and choose the most appropriate indicators for enabling new insights into brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Anna Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan.
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Hu L, Hu S, Li Y, Gong W, Si K. Reliability of wavefront shaping based on coherent optical adaptive technique in deep tissue focusing. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201900245. [PMID: 31622537 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wavefront shaping can compensate the wavefront distortions in deep tissue focusing, leading to an improved penetration depth. However, when using the backscattered signals as the feedback, unexpected compensation bias may be introduced, resulting in focusing position deviations or even no focus in the illumination focal plane. Here we investigated the reliability of wavefront shaping based on coherent optical adaptive technique in deep tissue focusing by measuring the position deviations between the foci in the illumination focal plane and the epi-detection plane. The experimental results show that when the penetration depth reaches 150 μm in mouse brain tissue (with scattering coefficient ~22.42 mm-1 ) using a 488 nm laser and an objective lens with 0.75 numerical aperture, the center of the real focus will deviate out of one radius range of the Airy disk while the optimized focus in the epi-detection plane maintained basically at the center. With the penetration depth increases, the peak to background ratio of the focus in the illumination focal plane decreases faster than that in the epi-detection plane. The results indicate that when the penetration depth reaches 150 μm, feedback based on backscattered signals will make wavefront shaping lose its reliability, which may provide a guidance for applications of non-invasive precise optogenetics or deep tissue optical stimulation using wavefront shaping methods. A, Intensity distribution in the epi-detection plane and the illumination focal plane before and after correction, corresponding to brain sections with 250 and 300 μm thickness, respectively. Scale bar is 2 μm. B, Averaged focusing deviations in the epi-detection plane (optimized) and the illumination focal plane (monitored) after compensation. The unit of the ordinate is one Airy disk diameter. Black dashed line represents one Airy disk radius. Bars represent the SE of each measurement set.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Neurobiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuwen Hu
- College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Younong Li
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Gong
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Si
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Department of Neurobiology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Advances in adaptive optics-based two-photon fluorescence microscopy for brain imaging. Lasers Med Sci 2019; 35:317-328. [PMID: 31729608 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-019-02908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Deep tissue imaging using two-photon fluorescence (TPF) techniques have revolutionized the optical imaging community by providing in depth molecular information at the single-cell level. These techniques provide structural and functional aspects of mammalian brain at unprecedented depth and resolution. However, wavefront distortions introduced by the optical system as well as the biological sample (tissue) limit the achievable fluorescence signal-to-noise ratio and resolution with penetration depth. In this review, we discuss on the advances in TPF microscopy techniques for in vivo functional imaging and offer guidelines as to which technologies are best suited for different imaging applications with special reference to adaptive optics.
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Cortical dendritic spine development and plasticity: insights from in vivo imaging. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2018; 53:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Jin Y, Zhang Y, Hu L, Huang H, Xu Q, Zhu X, Huang L, Zheng Y, Shen HL, Gong W, Si K. Machine learning guided rapid focusing with sensor-less aberration corrections. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:30162-30171. [PMID: 30469894 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.030162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-invasive, real-time imaging and deep focus into tissue are in high demand in biomedical research. However, the aberration that is introduced by the refractive index inhomogeneity of biological tissue hinders the way forward. A rapid focusing with sensor-less aberration corrections, based on machine learning, is demonstrated in this paper. The proposed method applies the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), which can rapidly calculate the low-order aberrations from the point spread function images with Zernike modes after training. The results show that approximately 90 percent correction accuracy can be achieved. The average mean square error of each Zernike coefficient in 200 repetitions is 0.06. Furthermore, the aberration induced by 1-mm-thick phantom samples and 300-µm-thick mouse brain slices can be efficiently compensated through loading a compensation phase on an adaptive element placed at the back-pupil plane. The phase reconstruction requires less than 0.2 s. Therefore, this method offers great potential for in vivo real-time imaging in biological science.
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