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Xiang K, Li Y, Cong H, Yu B, Shen Y. Peptide-based non-viral gene delivery: A comprehensive review of the advances and challenges. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131194. [PMID: 38554914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Gene therapy is the most effective treatment option for diseases, but its effectiveness is affected by the choice and design of gene carriers. The genes themselves have to pass through multiple barriers in order to enter the cell and therefore require additional vectors to carry them inside the cell. In gene therapy, peptides have unique properties and potential as gene carriers, which can effectively deliver genes into specific cells or tissues, protect genes from degradation, improve gene transfection efficiency, and enhance gene targeting and biological responsiveness. This paper reviews the research progress of peptides and their derivatives in the field of gene delivery recently, describes the obstacles encountered by foreign materials to enter the interior of the cell, and introduces the following classes of functional peptides that can carry materials into the interior of the cell, and assist in transmembrane translocation of carriers, thus breaking through endosomal traps to enable successful entry of genetic materials into the nucleus of the cell. The paper also discusses the combined application of peptide vectors with other vectors to enhance its transfection ability, explores current challenges encountered by peptide vectors, and looks forward to future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Xiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Youqing Shen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bio nanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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2
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Isanta B, Delgado A, Ciudad CJ, Busquets MA, Griera R, Llor N, Noé V. Synthesis and Validation of TRIFAPYs as a Family of Transfection Agents for Therapeutic Oligonucleotides. Biomolecules 2024; 14:390. [PMID: 38672408 PMCID: PMC11048556 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Transfection agents play a crucial role in facilitating the uptake of nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells offering potential therapeutic solutions for genetic disorders. However, progress in this field needs the development of improved systems that guarantee efficient transfection. Here, we describe the synthesis of a set of chemical delivery agents (TRIFAPYs) containing alkyl chains of different lengths based on the 1,3,5-tris[(4-alkyloxy-1pyridinio)methyl]benzene tribromide structure. Their delivery properties for therapeutic oligonucleotides were evaluated using PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs) as a silencing tool. The binding of liposomes to PPRHs was evaluated by retardation assays in agarose gels. The complexes had a size of 125 nm as determined by DLS, forming well-defined concentrical vesicles as visualized by Cryo-TEM. The prostate cancer cell line PC-3 was used to study the internalization of the nanoparticles by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The mechanism of entrance involved in the cellular uptake was mainly by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Cytotoxicity analyses determined the intrinsic toxicity caused by each TRIFAPY and the effect on cell viability upon transfection of a specific PPRH (HpsPr-C) directed against the antiapoptotic target survivin. TRIFAPYs C12-C18 were selected to expand these studies in the breast cancer cell line SKBR-3 opening the usage of TRIFAPYs for both sexes and, in the hCMEC/D3 cell line, as a model for the blood-brain barrier. The mRNA levels of survivin decreased, while apoptosis levels increased upon the transfection of HpsPr-C with these TRIFAPYs in PC-3 cells. Therefore, TRIFAPYs can be considered novel lipid-based vehicles for the delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Isanta
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Ana Delgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Carlos J. Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mª Antònia Busquets
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Griera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Núria Llor
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (B.I.); (R.G.); (N.L.)
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
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Singh NK, Ramamourthy B, Hage N, Kappagantu KM. Optogenetics: Illuminating the Future of Hearing Restoration and Understanding Auditory Perception. Curr Gene Ther 2024; 24:208-216. [PMID: 38676313 DOI: 10.2174/0115665232269742231213110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory impairment significantly affecting communication and quality of life. Traditional approaches for hearing restoration, such as cochlear implants, have limitations in frequency resolution and spatial selectivity. Optogenetics, an emerging field utilizing light-sensitive proteins, offers a promising avenue for addressing these limitations and revolutionizing hearing rehabilitation. This review explores the methods of introducing Channelrhodopsin- 2 (ChR2), a key light-sensitive protein, into cochlear cells to enable optogenetic stimulation. Viral- mediated gene delivery is a widely employed technique in optogenetics. Selecting a suitable viral vector, such as adeno-associated viruses (AAV), is crucial in efficient gene delivery to cochlear cells. The ChR2 gene is inserted into the viral vector through molecular cloning techniques, and the resulting viral vector is introduced into cochlear cells via direct injection or round window membrane delivery. This allows for the expression of ChR2 and subsequent light sensitivity in targeted cells. Alternatively, direct cell transfection offers a non-viral approach for ChR2 delivery. The ChR2 gene is cloned into a plasmid vector, which is then combined with transfection agents like liposomes or nanoparticles. This mixture is applied to cochlear cells, facilitating the entry of the plasmid DNA into the target cells and enabling ChR2 expression. Optogenetic stimulation using ChR2 allows for precise and selective activation of specific neurons in response to light, potentially overcoming the limitations of current auditory prostheses. Moreover, optogenetics has broader implications in understanding the neural circuits involved in auditory processing and behavior. The combination of optogenetics and gene delivery techniques provides a promising avenue for improving hearing restoration strategies, offering the potential for enhanced frequency resolution, spatial selectivity, and improved auditory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namit Kant Singh
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Balaji Ramamourthy
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Neemu Hage
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
| | - Krishna Medha Kappagantu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, India
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Novorolsky RJ, Kasheke GDS, Hakim A, Foldvari M, Dorighello GG, Sekler I, Vuligonda V, Sanders ME, Renden RB, Wilson JJ, Robertson GS. Preserving and enhancing mitochondrial function after stroke to protect and repair the neurovascular unit: novel opportunities for nanoparticle-based drug delivery. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1226630. [PMID: 37484823 PMCID: PMC10360135 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1226630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of vascular cells, glia, and neurons that form the basic component of the blood brain barrier. This intricate structure rapidly adjusts cerebral blood flow to match the metabolic needs of brain activity. However, the NVU is exquisitely sensitive to damage and displays limited repair after a stroke. To effectively treat stroke, it is therefore considered crucial to both protect and repair the NVU. Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) uptake supports NVU function by buffering Ca2+ and stimulating energy production. However, excessive mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake causes toxic mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading that triggers numerous cell death pathways which destroy the NVU. Mitochondrial damage is one of the earliest pathological events in stroke. Drugs that preserve mitochondrial integrity and function should therefore confer profound NVU protection by blocking the initiation of numerous injury events. We have shown that mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and efflux in the brain are mediated by the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter complex (MCUcx) and sodium/Ca2+/lithium exchanger (NCLX), respectively. Moreover, our recent pharmacological studies have demonstrated that MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation suppress ischemic and excitotoxic neuronal cell death by blocking mitochondrial Ca2+ overloading. These findings suggest that combining MCUcx inhibition with NCLX activation should markedly protect the NVU. In terms of promoting NVU repair, nuclear hormone receptor activation is a promising approach. Retinoid X receptor (RXR) and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) agonists activate complementary transcriptional programs that stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis, suppress inflammation, and enhance the production of new vascular cells, glia, and neurons. RXR and TR agonism should thus further improve the clinical benefits of MCUcx inhibition and NCLX activation by increasing NVU repair. However, drugs that either inhibit the MCUcx, or stimulate the NCLX, or activate the RXR or TR, suffer from adverse effects caused by undesired actions on healthy tissues. To overcome this problem, we describe the use of nanoparticle drug formulations that preferentially target metabolically compromised and damaged NVUs after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. These nanoparticle-based approaches have the potential to improve clinical safety and efficacy by maximizing drug delivery to diseased NVUs and minimizing drug exposure in healthy brain and peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn J. Novorolsky
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Gracious D. S. Kasheke
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Antoine Hakim
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Marianna Foldvari
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriel G. Dorighello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University, Beersheva, Israel
| | | | | | - Robert B. Renden
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, United States
| | - Justin J. Wilson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - George S. Robertson
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Brain Repair Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Žigrayová D, Mikušová V, Mikuš P. Advances in Antiviral Delivery Systems and Chitosan-Based Polymeric and Nanoparticulate Antivirals and Antiviral Carriers. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030647. [PMID: 36992356 PMCID: PMC10054433 DOI: 10.3390/v15030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current antiviral therapy research is focused on developing dosage forms that enable highly effective drug delivery, providing a selective effect in the organism, lower risk of adverse effects, a lower dose of active pharmaceutical ingredients, and minimal toxicity. In this article, antiviral drugs and the mechanisms of their action are summarized at the beginning as a prerequisite background to develop relevant drug delivery/carrier systems for them, classified and briefly discussed subsequently. Many of the recent studies aim at different types of synthetic, semisynthetic, and natural polymers serving as a favorable matrix for the antiviral drug carrier. Besides a wider view of different antiviral delivery systems, this review focuses on advances in antiviral drug delivery systems based on chitosan (CS) and derivatized CS carriers. CS and its derivatives are evaluated concerning methods of their preparation, their basic characteristics and properties, approaches to the incorporation of an antiviral drug in the CS polymer as well as CS nanoparticulate systems, and their recent biomedical applications in the context of actual antiviral therapy. The degree of development (i.e., research study, in vitro/ex vivo/in vivo preclinical testing), as well as benefits and limitations of CS polymer and CS nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, are reported for particular viral diseases and corresponding antivirotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Žigrayová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Mikušová
- Department of Galenic Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Mikuš
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Toxicological and Antidoping Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 83232 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
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Delgado A, Griera R, Llor N, López-Aguilar E, Busquets MA, Noé V, Ciudad CJ. Trioleyl Pyridinium, a Cationic Transfection Agent for the Lipofection of Therapeutic Oligonucleotides into Mammalian Cells. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020420. [PMID: 36839742 PMCID: PMC9960667 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most significant limitations that therapeutic oligonucleotides present is the development of specific and efficient delivery vectors for the internalization of nucleic acids into cells. Therefore, there is a need for the development of new transfection agents that ensure a proper and efficient delivery into mammalian cells. METHODS We describe the synthesis of 1,3,5-tris[(4-oelyl-1-pyridinio)methyl]benzene tribromide (TROPY) and proceeded to the validation of its binding capacity toward oligonucleotides, the internalization of DNA into the cells, the effect on cell viability, apoptosis, and its capability to transfect plasmid DNA. RESULTS The synthesis and chemical characterization of TROPY, which can bind DNA and transfect oligonucleotides into mammalian cells through clathrin and caveolin-mediated endocytosis, are described. Using a PPRH against the antiapoptotic survivin gene as a model, we validated that the complex TROPY-PPRH decreased cell viability in human cancer cells, increased apoptosis, and reduced survivin mRNA and protein levels. TROPY was also able to stably transfect plasmid DNA, as demonstrated by the formation of viable colonies upon the transfection of a dhfr minigene into dhfr-negative cells and the subsequent metabolic selection. CONCLUSIONS TROPY is an efficient transfecting agent that allows the delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides, such as PPRHs and plasmid DNA, inside mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Delgado
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Griera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Núria Llor
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester López-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Antònia Busquets
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Physical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Véronique Noé
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos J. Ciudad
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institute, IN2UB, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-93-403-4455
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Delecourt G, Plet L, Guen YL, Tezgel O, Tresset G, Midoux P, Montier T, Bennevault V, Guégan P. Synthesis of Double Hydrophilic Block Copolymers Poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline-b-ethylenimine) and their DNA Transfection Efficiency. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200296. [PMID: 36189853 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Gene delivery is now a part of the therapeutic arsenal for vaccination and treatments of inherited or acquired diseases. Polymers represent an opportunity to develop new synthetic vectors for gene transfer, with a prerequisite of improved delivery and reduced toxicity compared to existing polymers. Here, the synthesis in a two-step's procedure of linear poly(ethylenimine-b-2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) block copolymers with the linear polyethylenimine (lPEI) block of various molar masses is reported; the molar mass of the poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPrOx) block has been set to 7 kg mol-1 . Plasmid DNA condensation is successfully achieved, and in vitro transfection efficiency of the copolymers is at least comparable to that obtained with the lPEI of same molar mass. lPEI-b-PiPrOx block copolymers are however less cytotoxic than their linear counterparts. PiPrOx can be a good alternative to PEG which is often used in drug delivery systems. The grafting of histidine moieties on the lPEI block of lPEI-b-PiPrOx does not provide any real improvement of the transfection efficiency. A weak DNA condensation is observed, due to increased steric hindrance along the lPEI backbone. The low cytotoxicity of lPEI-b-PiPrOx makes this family a good candidate for future gene delivery developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendoline Delecourt
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, UMR 8232 CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris, Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Laetitia Plet
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, UMR 8232 CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris, Cedex 05, 75252, France
| | - Yann Le Guen
- INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB - GTCA team, Univ Brest, Brest, 29200, France
| | - Ozgul Tezgel
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Guillaume Tresset
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, 91405, France
| | - Patrick Midoux
- CNRS UPR4301, Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire, Orléans, Cedex 2, 45071, France
| | - Tristan Montier
- INSERM, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB - GTCA team, Univ Brest, Brest, 29200, France.,CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares "Maladies Neuromusculaires", Brest, 29200, France
| | - Véronique Bennevault
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, UMR 8232 CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris, Cedex 05, 75252, France.,University of Evry, Evry, Cedex, 91025, France
| | - Philippe Guégan
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, UMR 8232 CNRS, Sorbonne University, Paris, Cedex 05, 75252, France
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Chakrabarty P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Santra TS. Combinatorial physical methods for cellular therapy: Towards the future of cellular analysis? J Control Release 2023; 353:1084-1095. [PMID: 36538949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The physical energy activated techniques for cellular delivery and analysis is one of the most rapidly expanding research areas for a variety of biological and biomedical discoveries. These methods, such as electroporation, optoporation, sonoporation, mechanoporation, magnetoporation, etc., have been widely used in delivering different biomolecules into a range of primary and patient-derived cell types. However, the techniques when used individually have had limitations in delivery and co-delivery of diverse biomolecules in various cell types. In recent years, a number of studies have been performed by combining the different membrane disruption techniques, either sequentially or simultaneously, in a single study. The studies, referred to as combinatorial, or hybrid techniques, have demonstrated enhanced transfection, such as efficient macromolecular and gene delivery and co-delivery, at lower delivery parameters and with high cell viability. Such studies can open up new and exciting avenues for understanding the subcellular structure and consequently facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review consequently aims at summarising the different developments in hybrid therapeutic techniques. The different methods discussed include mechano-electroporation, electro-sonoporation, magneto-mechanoporation, magnetic nanoparticles enhanced electroporation, and magnetic hyperthermia studies. We discuss the clinical status of the different methods and conclude with a discussion on the future prospects of the combinatorial techniques for cellular therapy and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India.
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Chen Y, Yang Y, Feng J, Carrier AJ, Tyagi D, Yu X, Wang C, Oakes KD, Zhang X. A universal monoclonal antibody-aptamer conjugation strategy for selective non-invasive bioparticle isolation from blood on a regenerative microfluidic platform. Acta Biomater 2022; 152:210-220. [PMID: 36087870 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneous isolation of various circulating tumor cell (CTC) subtypes from whole blood is useful in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Microfluidic affinity separation devices are promising for CTC separation because of their high throughput capacity and automatability. However, current affinity agents, such as antibodies (mAbs) and aptamers (Apts) alone, are still suboptimal for efficient, consistent, and versatile cell analysis. By introducing a hybrid affinity agent, i.e., an aptamer-antibody (Apt-mAb) conjugate, we developed a universal and regenerative microchip with high efficiency and non-invasiveness in the separation and profiling of various CTCs from blood. The Apt-mAb conjugate consists of a monoclonal antibody that specifically binds the target cell receptor and a surface-bound aptamer that recognizes the conserved Fc region of the mAb. The aptamer then indirectly links the surface functionalization of the microfluidic channels to the mAbs. This hybrid affinity agent and the microchip platform may be widely useful for various bio-particle separations in different biological matrices. Further, the regeneration capability of the microchip improves data consistency between multiple uses and minimizes plastic waste while promoting environmental sustainability. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A hybrid affinity agent, Apt-mAb, consisting of a universal aptamer (Apt) that binds the conserved Fc region of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was developed. The invented nano-biomaterial combines the strengths and overcomes the weakness of both Apts and mAbs, thus changing the paradigm of affinity separation of cell subtypes. When Apt-mAb was used to fabricate microfluidic chips using a "universal screwdriver" approach, the microchip could be easily tuned to bind any cell type, exhibiting great universality. Besides high sensitivity and selectivity, the superior regenerative capacity of the microchips makes them reusable, which provides improved consistency and repeatability in cell profiling and opens a new approach towards in vitro diagnostic point-of-care testing devices with environmental sustainability and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongli Chen
- Department of Biological Applied Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fermentation Purification and Analysis, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yikun Yang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China.
| | - Jinglong Feng
- Department of Biological Applied Engineering, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fermentation Purification and Analysis, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Andrew J Carrier
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Deependra Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Xin Yu
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Chunguang Wang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518116, China
| | - Ken D Oakes
- Department of Biology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, Nova Scotia, B1P 6L2, Canada.
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Soltani Dehnavi S, Eivazi Zadeh Z, Harvey AR, Voelcker NH, Parish CL, Williams RJ, Elnathan R, Nisbet DR. Changing Fate: Reprogramming Cells via Engineered Nanoscale Delivery Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108757. [PMID: 35396884 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nanotechnology in regenerative medicine is at the nexus of fundamental innovations and early-stage breakthroughs, enabling exciting biomedical advances. One of the most exciting recent developments is the use of nanoscale constructs to influence the fate of cells, which are the basic building blocks of healthy function. Appropriate cell types can be effectively manipulated by direct cell reprogramming; a robust technique to manipulate cellular function and fate, underpinning burgeoning advances in drug delivery systems, regenerative medicine, and disease remodeling. Individual transcription factors, or combinations thereof, can be introduced into cells using both viral and nonviral delivery systems. Existing approaches have inherent limitations. Viral-based tools include issues of viral integration into the genome of the cells, the propensity for uncontrollable silencing, reduced copy potential and cell specificity, and neutralization via the immune response. Current nonviral cell reprogramming tools generally suffer from inferior expression efficiency. Nanomaterials are increasingly being explored to address these challenges and improve the efficacy of both viral and nonviral delivery because of their unique properties such as small size and high surface area. This review presents the state-of-the-art research in cell reprogramming, focused on recent breakthroughs in the deployment of nanomaterials as cell reprogramming delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Soltani Dehnavi
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Zahra Eivazi Zadeh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alan R Harvey
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, and Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J Williams
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Roey Elnathan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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11
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Mohabatpour F, Al-Dulaymi M, Lobanova L, Scutchings B, Papagerakis S, Badea I, Chen X, Papagerakis P. Gemini surfactant-based nanoparticles T-box1 gene delivery as a novel approach to promote epithelial stem cells differentiation and dental enamel formation. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 137:212844. [PMID: 35929273 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.212844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enamel is the highest mineralized tissue in the body protecting teeth from external stimuli, infections, and injuries. Enamel lacks the ability to self-repair due to the absence of enamel-producing cells in the erupted teeth. Here, we reported a novel approach to promote enamel-like tissue formation via the delivery of a key ameloblast inducer, T-box1 gene, into a rat dental epithelial stem cell line, HAT-7, using non-viral gene delivery systems based on cationic lipids. We comparatively assessed the lipoplexes prepared from glycyl-lysine-modified gemini surfactants and commercially available 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane lipids at three nitrogen-to phosphate (N/P) ratios of 2.5, 5 and 10. Our findings revealed that physico-chemical characteristics and biological activities of the gemini surfactant-based lipoplexes with a N/P ratio of 5 provide the most optimal outcomes among those examined. HAT-7 cells were transfected with T-box1 gene using the optimal formulation then cultured in conventional 2D cell culture systems. Ameloblast differentiation, mineralization, bio-enamel interface and structure were assessed at different time points over 28 days. Our results showed that our gemini transfection system provides superior gene expression compared to the benchmark agent, while keeping low cytotoxicity levels. T-box1-transfected HAT-7 cells strongly expressed markers of secretory and maturation stages of the ameloblasts, deposited minerals, and produced enamel-like crystals when compared to control cells. Taken together, our gemini surfactant-based T-box1 gene delivery system is effective to accelerate and guide ameloblastic differentiation of dental epithelial stem cells and promote enamel-like tissue formation. This study would represent a significant advance towards the tissue engineering and regeneration of dental enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohabatpour
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9 SK, Canada; College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E4, SK, Canada
| | - Mays Al-Dulaymi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E5, SK, Canada
| | - Liubov Lobanova
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E4, SK, Canada
| | - Brittany Scutchings
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E5, SK, Canada
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9 SK, Canada; Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd B419, S7N 0W8, SK, Canada; Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Ildiko Badea
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E5, SK, Canada
| | - Xiongbiao Chen
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9 SK, Canada; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9 SK, Canada.
| | - Petros Papagerakis
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Dr., S7N 5A9 SK, Canada; College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, 105 Wiggins Rd, S7N 5E4, SK, Canada.
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12
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Vetter VC, Wagner E. Targeting nucleic acid-based therapeutics to tumors: Challenges and strategies for polyplexes. J Control Release 2022; 346:110-135. [PMID: 35436520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The current medical reality of cancer gene therapy is reflected by more than ten approved products on the global market, including oncolytic and other viral vectors and CAR T-cells as ex vivo gene-modified cell therapeutics. The development of synthetic antitumoral nucleic acid therapeutics has been proceeding at a lower but steady pace, fueled by a plethora of alternative nucleic acid platforms (from various antisense oligonucleotides, siRNA, microRNA, lncRNA, sgRNA, to larger mRNA and DNA) and several classes of physical and chemical delivery technologies. This review summarizes the challenges and strategies for tumor-targeted nucleic acid delivery. Focusing primarily on polyplexes (polycation complexes) as nanocarriers, delivery options across multiple barriers into tumor cells are illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria C Vetter
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for System-based Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany; Center for NanoScience (CeNS), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich 81377, Germany.
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13
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Puhl DL, Mohanraj D, Nelson DW, Gilbert RJ. Designing electrospun fiber platforms for efficient delivery of genetic material and genome editing tools. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 183:114161. [PMID: 35183657 PMCID: PMC9724629 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun fibers are versatile biomaterial platforms with great potential to support regeneration. Electrospun fiber characteristics such as fiber diameter, degree of alignment, rate of degradation, and surface chemistry enable the creation of unique, tunable scaffolds for various drug or gene delivery applications. The delivery of genetic material and genome editing tools via viral and non-viral vectors are approaches to control cellular protein production. However, immunogenicity, off-target effects, and low delivery efficiencies slow the progression of gene delivery strategies to clinical settings. The delivery of genetic material from electrospun fibers overcomes such limitations by allowing for localized, tunable delivery of genetic material. However, the process of electrospinning is harsh, and care must be taken to retain genetic material bioactivity. This review presents an up-to-date summary of strategies to incorporate genetic material onto or within electrospun fiber platforms to improve delivery efficiency and enhance the regenerative potential of electrospun fibers for various tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devan L Puhl
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Divya Mohanraj
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Derek W Nelson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Ryan J Gilbert
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1623 15th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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14
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Caroline D, Rekha M. Exploring the efficacy of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate crosslinked cationised pullulan for gene delivery in cancer cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Chakrabarty P, Gupta P, Illath K, Kar S, Nagai M, Tseng FG, Santra TS. Microfluidic mechanoporation for cellular delivery and analysis. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100193. [PMID: 35005598 PMCID: PMC8718663 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient intracellular delivery strategies are essential for developing therapeutic, diagnostic, biological, and various biomedical applications. The recent advancement of micro/nanotechnology has focused numerous researches towards developing microfluidic device-based strategies due to the associated high throughput delivery, cost-effectiveness, robustness, and biocompatible nature. The delivery strategies can be carrier-mediated or membrane disruption-based, where membrane disruption methods find popularity due to reduced toxicity, enhanced delivery efficiency, and cell viability. Among all of the membrane disruption techniques, the mechanoporation strategies are advantageous because of no external energy source required for membrane deformation, thereby achieving high delivery efficiencies and increased cell viability into different cell types with negligible toxicity. The past two decades have consequently seen a tremendous boost in mechanoporation-based research for intracellular delivery and cellular analysis. This article provides a brief review of the most recent developments on microfluidic-based mechanoporation strategies such as microinjection, nanoneedle arrays, cell-squeezing, and hydroporation techniques with their working principle, device fabrication, cellular delivery, and analysis. Moreover, a brief discussion of the different mechanoporation strategies integrated with other delivery methods has also been provided. Finally, the advantages, limitations, and future prospects of this technique are discussed compared to other intracellular delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulasta Chakrabarty
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Kavitha Illath
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Srabani Kar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB30FA, UK
| | - Moeto Nagai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fan-Gang Tseng
- Department of Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Tuhin Subhra Santra
- Department of Engineering Design, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
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16
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Benli-Hoppe T, Göl Öztürk Ş, Öztürk Ö, Berger S, Wagner E, Yazdi M. Transferrin Receptor Targeted Polyplexes Completely Comprised of Sequence-Defined Components. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 43:e2100602. [PMID: 34713524 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Human transferrin protein (Tf) modified polyplexes have already displayed encouraging potential for receptor-mediated nucleic acid delivery into tumors. The use of a blood-derived targeting protein and polydisperse macromolecular cationic subunits however presents a practical challenge for pharmaceutical grade production. Here, Tf receptor (TfR) targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) polyplexes are designed that are completely composed of synthetic, monodisperse, and sequence-defined subunits generated by solid-phase supported synthesis. An optimized cationizable lipo-oligoaminoamide (lipo-OAA) is used for siRNA core polyplex formation, and a retro-enantio peptide (reTfR) attached via a monodisperse polyethylene glycol (PEG) spacer via click chemistry is applied for targeting. Improved gene silencing is demonstrated in TfR-expressing KB and DU145 cells. Analogous plasmid DNA (pDNA) polyplexes are successfully used for receptor-mediated gene delivery in TfR-rich K562 cells and Neuro2a cells. Six lipo-OAAs differing in their lipidic domain and redox-sensitive attachment of lipid residues are tested in order to evaluate the impact of core polyplex stability on receptor-dependent gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teoman Benli-Hoppe
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Şurhan Göl Öztürk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Özgür Öztürk
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Simone Berger
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Ernst Wagner
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
| | - Mina Yazdi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Center for Drug Research, and Center for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, Munich, 81377, Germany
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17
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Chis AA, Dobrea CM, Rus LL, Frum A, Morgovan C, Butuca A, Totan M, Juncan AM, Gligor FG, Arseniu AM. Dendrimers as Non-Viral Vectors in Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy. Molecules 2021; 26:5976. [PMID: 34641519 PMCID: PMC8512881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) has been intensively studied as a promising new strategy of prodrug delivery, with its main advantages being represented by an enhanced efficacy and a reduced off-target toxicity of the active drug. In recent years, numerous therapeutic systems based on GDEPT strategy have entered clinical trials. In order to deliver the desired gene at a specific site of action, this therapeutic approach uses vectors divided in two major categories, viral vectors and non-viral vectors, with the latter being represented by chemical delivery agents. There is considerable interest in the development of non-viral vectors due to their decreased immunogenicity, higher specificity, ease of synthesis and greater flexibility for subsequent modulations. Dendrimers used as delivery vehicles offer many advantages, such as: nanoscale size, precise molecular weight, increased solubility, high load capacity, high bioavailability and low immunogenicity. The aim of the present work was to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advances regarding the use of dendrimers as non-viral carriers in the GDEPT therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adina Frum
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (C.M.D.); (L.-L.R.); (A.B.); (M.T.); (A.M.J.); (F.G.G.); (A.M.A.)
| | - Claudiu Morgovan
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu, 550169 Sibiu, Romania; (A.A.C.); (C.M.D.); (L.-L.R.); (A.B.); (M.T.); (A.M.J.); (F.G.G.); (A.M.A.)
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18
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Kalinova R, Valchanova M, Dimitrov I, Turmanova S, Ugrinova I, Petrova M, Vlahova Z, Rangelov S. Functional Polyglycidol-Based Block Copolymers for DNA Complexation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179606. [PMID: 34502513 PMCID: PMC8431755 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is an attractive therapeutic method for the treatment of genetic disorders for which the efficient delivery of nucleic acids into a target cell is critical. The present study is aimed at evaluating the potential of copolymers based on linear polyglycidol to act as carriers of nucleic acids. Functional copolymers with linear polyglycidol as a non-ionic hydrophilic block and a second block bearing amine hydrochloride pendant groups were prepared using previously synthesized poly(allyl glycidyl ether)-b-polyglycidol block copolymers as precursors. The amine functionalities were introduced via highly efficient radical addition of 2-aminoethanethiol hydrochloride to the alkene side groups. The modified copolymers formed loose aggregates with strongly positive surface charge in aqueous media, stabilized by the presence of dodecyl residues at the end of the copolymer structures and the hydrogen-bonding interactions in polyglycidol segments. The copolymer aggregates were able to condense DNA into stable and compact nanosized polyplex particles through electrostatic interactions. The copolymers and the corresponding polyplexes showed low to moderate cytotoxicity on a panel of human cancer cell lines. The cell internalization evaluation demonstrated the capability of the polyplexes to successfully deliver DNA into the cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radostina Kalinova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Miroslava Valchanova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University “Prof. Assen Zlatarov”, 8010 Burgas, Bulgaria; (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Ivaylo Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (I.U.); (S.R.)
| | - Sevdalina Turmanova
- Department of Material Science and Technology, University “Prof. Assen Zlatarov”, 8010 Burgas, Bulgaria; (M.V.); (S.T.)
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (I.U.); (S.R.)
| | - Maria Petrova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
| | - Zlatina Vlahova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (M.P.); (Z.V.)
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
- Correspondence: (I.D.); (I.U.); (S.R.)
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Cholesterol Sequestration from Caveolae/Lipid Rafts Enhances Cationic Liposome-Mediated Nucleic Acid Delivery into Endothelial Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154626. [PMID: 34361779 PMCID: PMC8346983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivering nucleic acids into the endothelium has great potential in treating vascular diseases. However, endothelial cells, which line the vasculature, are considered as sensitive in nature and hard to transfect. Low transfection efficacies in endothelial cells limit their potential therapeutic applications. Towards improving the transfection efficiency, we made an effort to understand the internalization of lipoplexes into the cells, which is the first and most critical step in nucleic acid transfections. In this study, we demonstrated that the transient modulation of caveolae/lipid rafts mediated endocytosis with the cholesterol-sequestrating agents, nystatin, filipin III, and siRNA against Cav-1, which significantly increased the transfection properties of cationic lipid-(2-hydroxy-N-methyl-N,N-bis(2-tetradecanamidoethyl)ethanaminium chloride), namely, amide liposomes in combination with 1,2-Dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) (AD Liposomes) in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (SK-Hep1). In particular, nystatin was found to be highly effective with 2–3-fold enhanced transfection efficacy when compared with amide liposomes in combination with Cholesterol (AC), by switching lipoplex internalization predominantly through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis.
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20
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Synthesis and validation of DOPY: A new gemini dioleylbispyridinium based amphiphile for nucleic acid transfection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 165:279-292. [PMID: 34033881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids therapeutics provide a selective and promising alternative to traditional treatments for multiple genetic diseases. A major obstacle is the development of safe and efficient delivery systems. Here, we report the synthesis of the new cationic gemini amphiphile 1,3-bis[(4-oleyl-1-pyridinio)methyl]benzene dibromide (DOPY). Its transfection efficiency was evaluated using PolyPurine Reverse Hoogsteen hairpins (PPRHs), a nucleic acid tool for gene silencing and gene repair developed in our laboratory. The interaction of DOPY with PPRHs was confirmed by gel retardation assays, and it forms complexes of 155 nm. We also demonstrated the prominent internalization of PPRHs using DOPY compared to other chemical vehicles in SH-SY5Y, PC-3 and DF42 cells. Regarding gene silencing, a specific PPRH against the survivin gene delivered with DOPY decreased survivin protein levels and cell viability more effectively than with N-[1-(2,3-Dioleoyloxy)propyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium methylsulfate (DOTAP) in both SH-SY5Y and PC-3 cells. We also validated the applicability of DOPY in gene repair approaches by correcting a point mutation in the endogenous locus of the dhfr gene in DF42 cells using repair-PPRHs. All these results indicate both an efficient entry and release of PPRHs at the intracellular level. Therefore, DOPY can be considered as a new lipid-based vehicle for the delivery of therapeutic oligonucleotides.
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21
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Li N, Han S, Ma B, Huang X, Xu L, Cao J, Sun Y. Chemosensitivity enhanced by autophagy inhibition based on a polycationic nano-drug carrier. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:1656-1673. [PMID: 36132550 PMCID: PMC9417626 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00990c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, with the increasing understanding of the role of autophagy in tumorigenesis and development, a steady stream of studies have demonstrated that both excessive induction and inhibition of autophagy could effectively improve the therapeutic efficacy against tumors during cytotoxic or molecularly targeted drug therapy. Among them, autophagy inhibition mediated by nanomaterials has become an appealing notion in nanomedicine therapeutics, since it can be exploited as an effective adjuvant in chemotherapy or as a potential anti-tumor agent. Herein, we constructed a pH-sensitive nanoplatform loaded with epirubicin (EPI) (mPEG-b-P(DPA-b-DMAEMA)/EPI), enabling effective autophagy inhibition in the process of tumor-targeting therapy and further sensitized the tumors to EPI. It was found that polycationic nanomicelles (PEDD-Ms) displayed specific localization in lysosomes after entering tumor cells and caused the impairment of lysosomal degradation capacity through lysosomal alkalization in a dose-dependent manner. HepG2 cells treated with PEDD-Ms displayed a large-scale accumulation of autophagosomes and LC3 (an autophagosome marker protein), and the degradation of the autophagy substrate p62 was also blocked, which indicated that these functional nanomicelles could significantly inhibit autophagy. Meanwhile, the typical morphological characteristics of autophagosomes were directly visualized by TEM. In vivo results also showed that the tumor-targeted and autophagy inhibition-associated nanoplatform therapy could effectively improve the therapeutic efficiency of EPI, which may be partially attributed to the fact that autophagy inhibition could enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to EPI. Overall, we revealed the effect of polycationic nanomicelles on autophagic processes in tumor cells and explored their possible molecular mechanism, also considering the synergistic outcome between autophagy mediated by nanomaterials and chemotherapeutic drugs to improve the therapeutic effect on tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Shangcong Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Baohua Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingdao Central Hospital Qingdao China
| | - Xia Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Lisa Xu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Qingdao China
| | - Yong Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Qingdao China
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22
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Liu T, Lin M, Wu F, Lin A, Luo D, Zhang Z. Development of a nontoxic and efficient gene delivery vector based on histidine grafted chitosan. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1885407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Liu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology College, Putian University, Putian, China
| | - Mei Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Aizhu Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Daoshu Luo
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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23
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Ding L, Tang S, Wyatt TA, Knoell DL, Oupický D. Pulmonary siRNA delivery for lung disease: Review of recent progress and challenges. J Control Release 2021; 330:977-991. [PMID: 33181203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung diseases are a leading cause of mortality worldwide and there exists urgent need for new therapies. Approval of the first siRNA treatments in humans has opened the door for further exploration of this therapeutic strategy for other disease states. Pulmonary delivery of siRNA-based biopharmaceuticals offers the potential to address multiple unmet medical needs in lung-related diseases because of the specific physiology of the lung and characteristic properties of siRNA. Inhalation-based siRNA delivery designed for efficient, targeted delivery to specific cells within the lung holds great promise. Efficient delivery of siRNA directly to the lung, however, is relatively complex. This review focuses on the barriers that impact pulmonary siRNA delivery and successful recent approaches to advance this field forward. We focus on the pulmonary barriers that affect siRNA delivery, the disease-dependent pathological changes and their role in pulmonary disease and impact on siRNA delivery, as well as the recent development on the pulmonary siRNA delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Siyuan Tang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Todd A Wyatt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Nebraska, Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Daren L Knoell
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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24
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Fumoto S, Yamamoto T, Okami K, Maemura Y, Terada C, Yamayoshi A, Nishida K. Understanding In Vivo Fate of Nucleic Acid and Gene Medicines for the Rational Design of Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020159. [PMID: 33530309 PMCID: PMC7911509 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid and genetic medicines are increasingly being developed, owing to their potential to treat a variety of intractable diseases. A comprehensive understanding of the in vivo fate of these agents is vital for the rational design, discovery, and fast and straightforward development of the drugs. In case of intravascular administration of nucleic acids and genetic medicines, interaction with blood components, especially plasma proteins, is unavoidable. However, on the flip side, such interaction can be utilized wisely to manipulate the pharmacokinetics of the agents. In other words, plasma protein binding can help in suppressing the elimination of nucleic acids from the blood stream and deliver naked oligonucleotides and gene carriers into target cells. To control the distribution of these agents in the body, the ligand conjugation method is widely applied. It is also important to understand intracellular localization. In this context, endocytosis pathway, endosomal escape, and nuclear transport should be considered and discussed. Encapsulated nucleic acids and genes must be dissociated from the carriers to exert their activity. In this review, we summarize the in vivo fate of nucleic acid and gene medicines and provide guidelines for the rational design of drugs.
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25
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Chow MYT, Chang RYK, Chan HK. Inhalation delivery technology for genome-editing of respiratory diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:217-228. [PMID: 32512029 PMCID: PMC7274121 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system has significant therapeutic potentials for lung congenital diseases such as cystic fibrosis, as well as other pulmonary disorders like lung cancer and obstructive diseases. Local administration of CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics through inhalation can achieve high drug concentration and minimise systemic exposure. While the field is advancing with better understanding on the biological functions achieved by CRISPR/Cas9 systems, the lack of progress in inhalation formulation and delivery of the molecule may impede their clinical translation efficiently. This forward-looking review discussed the current status of formulations and delivery for inhalation of relevant biologics such as genes (plasmids and mRNAs) and proteins, emphasising on their design strategies and preparation methods. By adapting and optimising formulation strategies used for genes and proteins, we envisage that development of inhalable CRISPR/Cas9 liquid or powder formulations for inhalation administration can potentially be fast-tracked in near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Y T Chow
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rachel Yoon Kyung Chang
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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26
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Delivery of genome-editing biomacromolecules for treatment of lung genetic disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:196-216. [PMID: 32416111 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-editing systems based on clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/associated protein (CRISPR/Cas), are emerging as a revolutionary technology for the treatment of various genetic diseases. To date, the delivery of genome-editing biomacromolecules by viral or non-viral vectors have been proposed as new therapeutic options for lung genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and α-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), and it has been accepted that these delivery vectors can introduce CRISPR/Cas9 machineries into target cells or tissues in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. However, the efficient local or systemic delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 elements to the lung, enabled by either viral or by non-viral carriers, still remains elusive. Herein, we first introduce lung genetic disorders and their current treatment options, and then summarize CRISPR/Cas9-based strategies for the therapeutic genome editing of these disorders. We further summarize the pros and cons of different routes of administration for lung genetic disorders. In particular, the potentials of aerosol delivery for therapeutic CRISPR/Cas9 biomacromolecules for lung genome editing are discussed and highlighted. Finally, current challenges and future outlooks in this emerging area are briefly discussed.
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27
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Haladjova E, Dimitrov I, Davydova N, Todorova J, Ugrinova I, Forys A, Trzebicka B, Rangelov S. Cationic (Co)polymers Based on N-Substituted Polyacrylamides as Carriers of Bio-macromolecules: Polyplexes, Micelleplexes, and Spherical Nucleic Acidlike Structures. Biomacromolecules 2020; 22:971-983. [PMID: 33371665 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Novel N-substituted polyacrylamides bearing a cycle with two tertiary amines, poly(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-propenone (PMPP) and its block copolymers with polylactide (PMPP-b-PLA), are synthesized and characterized. The homopolymers are water-soluble, whereas the block copolymers self-assemble in aqueous solution into a small size (Rh around 30 nm), are narrowly distributed, and exhibit core-shell micelles with good colloidal stability. Both the homopolymers and copolymer micelles are positively charged (ζ-potentials in the 13.8-17.6 mV range), which are employed for formation of electrostatic complexes with oppositely charged DNA. Complexes (polyplexes, micelleplexes, and spherical nucleic acidlike structures) in a wide range of N/P (amino to phosphate groups) ratios are prepared with short (115 bp) and long (2000 bp) DNA. The behavior and physicochemical properties of the resulting nanocarriers of DNA are strongly dependent on the polymer/polymer micelles' characteristics and the DNA chain length. All systems exhibit low cytotoxicity and good cellular uptake ability and show promise for gene delivery and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Haladjova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Ivaylo Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Nadejda Davydova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Jordana Todorova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marie Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marie Curie-Sklodowskiej 34, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Stanislav Rangelov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
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28
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Kumar R, Le N, Tan Z, Brown ME, Jiang S, Reineke TM. Efficient Polymer-Mediated Delivery of Gene-Editing Ribonucleoprotein Payloads through Combinatorial Design, Parallelized Experimentation, and Machine Learning. ACS NANO 2020; 14:17626-17639. [PMID: 33225680 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemically defined vectors such as cationic polymers are versatile alternatives to engineered viruses for the delivery of genome-editing payloads. However, their clinical translation hinges on rapidly exploring vast chemical design spaces and deriving structure-function relationships governing delivery performance. Here, we discovered a polymer for efficient intracellular ribonucleoprotein (RNP) delivery through combinatorial polymer design and parallelized experimental workflows. A chemically diverse library of 43 statistical copolymers was synthesized via combinatorial RAFT polymerization, realizing systematic variations in physicochemical properties. We selected cationic monomers that varied in their pKa values (8.1-9.2), steric bulk, and lipophilicity of their alkyl substituents. Co-monomers of varying hydrophilicity were also incorporated, enabling elucidation of the roles of protonation equilibria and hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance in vehicular properties and performance. We screened our multiparametric vector library through image cytometry and rapidly uncovered a hit polymer (P38), which outperforms state-of-the-art commercial transfection reagents, achieving nearly 60% editing efficiency via nonhomologous end-joining. Structure-function correlations underlying editing efficiency, cellular toxicity, and RNP uptake were probed through machine learning approaches to uncover the physicochemical basis of P38's performance. Although cellular toxicity and RNP uptake were solely determined by polyplex size distribution and protonation degree, respectively, these two polyplex design parameters were found to be inconsequential for enhancing editing efficiency. Instead, polymer hydrophobicity and the Hill coefficient, a parameter describing cooperativity-enhanced polymer deprotonation, were identified as the critical determinants of editing efficiency. Combinatorial synthesis and high-throughput characterization methodologies coupled with data science approaches enabled the rapid discovery of a polymeric vehicle that would have otherwise remained inaccessible to chemical intuition. The statistically derived design rules elucidated herein will guide the synthesis and optimization of future polymer libraries tailored for therapeutic applications of RNP-based genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ngoc Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Zhe Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Mary E Brown
- University Imaging Centers, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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29
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Lacasse V, Beaudoin S, Jean S, Leyton JV. A Novel Proteomic Method Reveals NLS Tagging of T-DM1 Contravenes Classical Nuclear Transport in a Model of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 19:99-119. [PMID: 33024794 PMCID: PMC7522293 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The next breakthrough for protein therapeutics is effective intracellular delivery and accumulation within target cells. Nuclear localization signal (NLS)-tagged therapeutics have been hindered by the lack of efficient nuclear localization due to endosome entrapment. Although development of strategies for tagging therapeutics with technologies capable of increased membrane penetration has resulted in proportional increased potency, nonspecific membrane penetration limits target specificity and, hence, widespread clinical success. There is a long-standing idea that nuclear localization of NLS-tagged agents occurs exclusively via classical nuclear transport. In the present study, we modified the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab-emtansine (T-DM1) with a classical NLS linked to cholic acid (cell accumulator [Accum]) that enables modified antibodies to escape endosome entrapment and increase nuclear localization efficiency without abrogating receptor targeting. In parallel, we developed a proteomics-based method to evaluate nuclear transport. Accum-modified T-DM1 significantly enhanced cytotoxic efficacy in the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive SKBR3 breast cancer system. We discovered that efficacy was dependent on the nonclassical importin-7. Our evaluation reveals that when multiple classical NLS tagging occurs, cationic charge build-up as opposed to sequence dominates and becomes a substrate for importin-7. This study results in an effective target cell-specific NLS therapeutic and a general approach to guide future NLS-based development initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Lacasse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Simon Beaudoin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Steve Jean
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, CHUS, UdeS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Jeffrey V Leyton
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS), Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS), Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada.,Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Centre (CIMS), Centre de Recherche du CHUS, UdeS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 5N4, Canada
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30
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Hosseini S, Epple M. Suppositories with bioactive calcium phosphate nanoparticles for intestinal transfection and gene silencing. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Hosseini
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CeNIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Centre for Nanointegration Duisburg‐Essen (CeNIDE) University of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
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31
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Haladjova E, Rangelov S, Tsvetanov C. Thermoresponsive Polyoxazolines as Vectors for Transfection of Nucleic Acids. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12112609. [PMID: 33171983 PMCID: PMC7694630 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POx) are an attractive platform for the development of non-viral gene delivery systems. The combination of POx moieties, exhibiting excellent biocompatibility, with DNA-binding polyethyleneimine (PEI) moieties into a single copolymer chain is a promising approach to balance toxicity and transfection efficiency. The versatility of POx in terms of type of substituent, copolymer composition, degree of polymerization, degree of hydrolysis, and chain architecture, as well as the introduction of stimuli-responsive properties, provides opportunities to finely tune the copolymer characteristics and physicochemical properties of the polyplexes to increase the biological performance. An overview of the current state of research in the POx-PEI-based gene delivery systems focusing particularly on thermosensitive POx is presented in this paper.
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32
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Tesoro-Cruz E, Oviedo N, Manuel-Apolinar L, Orozco-Suárez S, Pérez de la Mora M, Martínez-Pérez G, Guerra-Castillo FX, Aguirre-Alvarado C, Bekker-Méndez VC. Ophthalmic Administration of a DNA Plasmid Harboring the Murine Tph2 Gene: Evidence of Recombinant Tph2-FLAG in Brain Structures. Mol Biotechnol 2020; 62:200-209. [PMID: 32030628 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-020-00239-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tryptophan hydroxylase-type 2 (Tph2) is the first rate-limiting step in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. The ophthalmic administration (Op-Ad) is a non-invasive method that allows delivering genetic vehicles through the eye and reaches the brain. Here, the murine Tph2 gene was cloned in a non-viral vector (pIRES-hrGFP-1a), generating pIRES-hrGFP-1a-Tph2, plus the FLAG-tag. Recombinant Tph2-FLAG was detected and tested in vitro and in vivo, where 25 μg of pIRES-hrGFP-1a-Tph2-FLAG was Op-Ad to mice. The construct was capable of expressing and producing the recombinant Tph2-FLAG in vitro and in vivo. The in vivo assays showed that the construct efficiently crossed the Hemato-Ocular Barrier and the Blood-Brain Barrier, reached brain cells, passed the optical nerves, and transcribed mRNA-Tph2-FLAG in different brain areas. The recombinant Tph2-FLAG was observed in amygdala and brainstem, mainly in raphe dorsal and medial. Relative Tph2 expression of threefold over basal level was recorded three days after Op-Ad. These results demonstrated that pIRES-hrGFP-Tph2-FLAG, administrated through the eyes was capable of reaching the brain, transcribing, and translating Tph2. In conclusion, this study showed the feasibility of delivering therapeutic genes, such as the Tph2, the first enzyme, rate-limiting step in the 5-HT biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Tesoro-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Norma Oviedo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Leticia Manuel-Apolinar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Endocrinas, UMAE, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Orozco-Suárez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, UMAE, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Miguel Pérez de la Mora
- Division of Neuroscience, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gloria Martínez-Pérez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Xavier Guerra-Castillo
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Charmina Aguirre-Alvarado
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vilma Carolina Bekker-Méndez
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Infectología e Inmunología, Hospital de Infectología, Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", IMSS, Paseo de las Jacarandas s/n esquina Calzada Vallejo, Col. La Raza, C.P. 02990, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sarvari R, Nouri M, Agbolaghi S, Roshangar L, Sadrhaghighi A, Seifalian AM, Keyhanvar P. A summary on non-viral systems for gene delivery based on natural and synthetic polymers. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1825081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raana Sarvari
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Stem Cell And Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samira Agbolaghi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Laila Roshangar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amirhouman Sadrhaghighi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alexander M. Seifalian
- Nanotechnology and Regenerative Medicine Commercialization Centre (Ltd), The London Innovation Bio Science Centre, London, UK
| | - Peyman Keyhanvar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Convergence of Knowledge, Technology and Society Network (CKTSN), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tabriz, Iran
- ARTAN110 Startup Accelerator, Tabriz, Iran
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Kashapov R, Gaynanova G, Gabdrakhmanov D, Kuznetsov D, Pavlov R, Petrov K, Zakharova L, Sinyashin O. Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Compounds as a Versatile Tool for Construction of Nanoscale Drug Carriers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6961. [PMID: 32971917 PMCID: PMC7555343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on synthetic and natural amphiphilic systems prepared from straight-chain and macrocyclic compounds capable of self-assembly with the formation of nanoscale aggregates of different morphology and their application as drug carriers. Since numerous biological species (lipid membrane, bacterial cell wall, mucous membrane, corneal epithelium, biopolymers, e.g., proteins, nucleic acids) bear negatively charged fragments, much attention is paid to cationic carriers providing high affinity for encapsulated drugs to targeted cells. First part of the review is devoted to self-assembling and functional properties of surfactant systems, with special attention focusing on cationic amphiphiles, including those bearing natural or cleavable fragments. Further, lipid formulations, especially liposomes, are discussed in terms of their fabrication and application for intracellular drug delivery. This section highlights several features of these carriers, including noncovalent modification of lipid formulations by cationic surfactants, pH-responsive properties, endosomal escape, etc. Third part of the review deals with nanocarriers based on macrocyclic compounds, with such important characteristics as mucoadhesive properties emphasized. In this section, different combinations of cyclodextrin platform conjugated with polymers is considered as drug delivery systems with synergetic effect that improves solubility, targeting and biocompatibility of formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan Kashapov
- A.E. Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov street 8, Kazan 420088, Russia; (G.G.); (D.G.); (D.K.); (R.P.); (K.P.); (L.Z.); (O.S.)
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35
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Montizaan D, Yang K, Reker-Smit C, Salvati A. Comparison of the uptake mechanisms of zwitterionic and negatively charged liposomes by HeLa cells. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 30:102300. [PMID: 32931929 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Zwitterionic molecules are used as an alternative to PEGylation to reduce protein adsorption on nanocarriers. Nonetheless, little is known on the effect of zwitterionic modifications on the mechanisms cells use for nanocarrier uptake. In this study, the uptake mechanism of liposomes containing zwitterionic or negatively charged lipids was characterized using pharmacological inhibitors and RNA interference on HeLa cells to block endocytosis. As expected, introducing zwitterionic lipids reduced protein adsorption in serum, as well as uptake efficiency. Blocking clathrin-mediated endocytosis strongly decreased the uptake of the negatively charged liposomes, but not the zwitterionic ones. Additionally, inhibition of macropinocytosis reduced uptake of both liposomes, but blocking actin polymerization had effects only on the negatively charged ones. Overall, the results clearly indicated that the two liposomes were internalized by HeLa cells using different pathways. Thus, introducing zwitterionic lipids affects not only protein adsorption and uptake efficiency, but also the mechanisms of liposome uptake by cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Montizaan
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Keni Yang
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Catharina Reker-Smit
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Salvati
- Department of Nanomedicine & Drug Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Kollenda S, Kopp M, Wens J, Koch J, Schulze N, Papadopoulos C, Pöhler R, Meyer H, Epple M. A pH-sensitive fluorescent protein sensor to follow the pathway of calcium phosphate nanoparticles into cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:406-417. [PMID: 32439614 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate nanoparticles (100 nm) were fluorescently labelled with poly(ethyleneimine) (PEIATTO490LS; red fluorescence). They were loaded with a Tandem fusion protein consisting of mRFP1-eGFP (red and green fluorescence in the same molecule)that acts as smart biological pH sensor to trace nanoparticles inside cells. Its fluorescence is also coupled to the structural integrity of the protein, i.e. it is also a label for a successful delivery of a functional protein into the cell. At pH 7.4, the fluorescence of both proteins (red and green) is detectable. At a pH of 4.5-5 inside the lysosomes, the green fluorescence is quenched due to the protonation of the eGFP chromophore, but the pH-independent red fluorescence of mRFP1 remains. The nanoparticles were taken up by cells (cell lines: HeLa, Caco-2 and A549) via endocytic pathways and then directed to lysosomes. Time-resolved confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed mRFP1 and nanoparticles co-localizing with lysosomes. The fluorescence of eGFP was only detectable outside lysosomes, i.e. most likely inside early endosomes or at the cell membrane during the uptake, indicating the neutral pH at these locations. The Tandem fusion protein provides a versatile platform to follow the intracellular pathway of bioactive nanocarriers, e.g. therapeutic proteins. The transfection with a Tandem-encoding plasmid by calcium phosphate nanoparticles led to an even intracellular protein distribution in cytosol and nucleoplasm, i.e. very different from direct protein uptake. Neither dissolved protein nor dissolved plasmid DNA were taken up by the cells, underscoring the necessity for a suitable carrier like a nanoparticle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A pH-sensitive protein ("tandem") was used to follow the pathway of calcium phosphate nanoparticles. This protein consists of a pH-sensitive fluorophore (eGFP; green) and a pH-independent fluorophore (mRFP1; red). This permits to follow the pathway of a nanoparticle inside a cell. At a low pH inside an endolysosome, the green fluorescence vanishes but the red fluorescence persists. This is also a very useful model for the delivery of therapeutic proteins into cells. The delivery by nanoparticles was compared with the protein expression after cell transfection with plasmid DNA encoding for the tandem protein. High-resolution image analysis gave quantitative data on the intracellular protein distribution.
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Haladjova E, Smolíček M, Ugrinova I, Momekova D, Shestakova P, Kroneková Z, Kronek J, Rangelov S. DNA delivery systems based on copolymers of poly (2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) and polyethyleneimine: Effect of polyoxazoline moieties on the endo‐lysosomal escape. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Haladjova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Maroš Smolíček
- Department for Biomaterials ResearchPolymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Natural SciencesComenius University Mlynská dolina Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria
| | | | - Pavletta Shestakova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Zuzana Kroneková
- Department for Biomaterials ResearchPolymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Juraj Kronek
- Department for Biomaterials ResearchPolymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences Bratislava Slovakia
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Uğurlu Ö, Barlas FB, Evran S, Timur S. The cell-penetrating YopM protein-functionalized quantum dot-plasmid DNA conjugate as a novel gene delivery vector. Plasmid 2020; 110:102513. [PMID: 32502501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2020.102513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-viral gene delivery systems have great potential for safe and efficient gene therapy, while inefficient cellular and nuclear uptake remain as the major hurdles. Novel approaches are needed to enhance the transfection efficiency of non-viral vectors. In accordance with this need, the objective of this study was to construct a non-viral vector that could achieve gene delivery without using additional lipid-based transfection agent. We aimed to impart self-delivery property to a non-viral vector by using the cell and nucleus penetrating properties of YopM proteins from the three Yersinia spp. (Y. pestis, Y. enterocolotica and Y. pseudotuberculosis). Plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) was labeled with quantum dots (QDs) via peptide-nucleic acid (PNA) recognition site. Recombinant YopM protein was then attached to the conjugate via a second PNA recognition site. The YopM ̶ QDs ̶ pDNA conjugate was transfected into HeLa cells without using additional transfection reagent. All three conjugates produced GFP fluorescence, indicating that the plasmid was successfully delivered to the nucleus. As control, naked pDNA was transfected into the cells by using a commercial transfection reagent. The Y. pseudotuberculosis YopM-functionalized conjugate achieved the highest GFP expression, compared to other two YopM proteins and the transfection reagent. To the best of our knowledge, YopM protein was used for the first time in a non-viral gene delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Uğurlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornov, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fırat Barış Barlas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornov, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serap Evran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornov, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Suna Timur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, Bornov, Izmir, Turkey; Central Research Testing and Analysis Laboratory Research and Application Center, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
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Dahiya U, Mishra S, Chattopadhyay S, Kumari A, Gangal A, Ganguli M. Role of Cellular Retention and Intracellular State in Controlling Gene Delivery Efficiency of Multiple Nonviral Carriers. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:20547-20557. [PMID: 31858039 PMCID: PMC6906788 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nonviral gene delivery has seen major progress in the last two decades owing to facile synthesis, low toxicity, and ease of modification of nanocarriers that take nucleic acids to cells and tissues. Gene delivery nanocomplexes need to reach the target locations in significant amounts by overcoming multiple barriers. While the importance of nanocomplex stability, cellular uptake, intracellular trafficking, and nuclear localization has been studied extensively, the role of cellular retention and recycling of these nanocomplexes is less understood in the context of gene delivery. In this study, we used different DNA carriers and made efforts to understand the role played by cellular retention in determining their gene delivery efficiency across multiple cell lines. In addition, we also analyzed whether state of complexation and localization of the nanocomplexes play a role in conjunction with cellular retention. We observed higher transfection efficiencies for nanocomplexes showing better retention, lower unpackaging, and low recycling. Our data also suggests that nanocomplexes made of peptides with terminal cysteine modification show enhanced retention and transfection efficiency compared to their counterparts with no terminal cysteine. Overall, the work highlights myriad of factors to be considered for improving gene delivery efficiency of nanocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjwal
Ranjan Dahiya
- CSIR—Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Sarita Mishra
- CSIR—Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | | | - Anupama Kumari
- CSIR—Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Apurva Gangal
- CSIR—Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
| | - Munia Ganguli
- CSIR—Institute
of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, New Delhi 110020, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, 2 Rafi Marg, New Delhi 110001, India
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Vocelle D, Chan C, Walton SP. Endocytosis Controls siRNA Efficiency: Implications for siRNA Delivery Vehicle Design and Cell-Specific Targeting. Nucleic Acid Ther 2019; 30:22-32. [PMID: 31718426 DOI: 10.1089/nat.2019.0804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are commonly used for laboratory studies, development of siRNA therapeutics has been slower than expected, due, in part, to a still limited understanding of the endocytosis and intracellular trafficking of siRNA-containing complexes. With the recent characterization of multiple clathrin-/caveolin-independent endocytic pathways, that is, those mediated by Graf1, Arf6, and flotillin, it has become clear that the endocytic mechanism influences subsequent intracellular processing of the internalized cargo. To explore siRNA delivery in light of these findings, we developed a novel assay that differentiates uptake by each of the endocytic pathways and can be used to determine whether endocytosis by a pathway leads to the initiation of RNA interference (RNAi). Using Lipofectamine 2000 (LF2K), we determined the endocytosis pathway leading to active silencing (whether by clathrin, caveolin, Arf6, Graf1, flotillin, or macropinocytosis) across multiple cell types (HeLa, H1299, HEK293, and HepG2). We showed that LF2K is internalized by Graf1-, Arf6-, or flotillin-mediated endocytosis for the initiation of RNAi, depending on cell type. In addition, we found that a portion of siRNA-containing complexes is internalized by pathways that do not lead to initiation of silencing. Inhibition of these pathways enhanced intracellular levels of siRNAs with concomitant enhancement of silencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vocelle
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - Christina Chan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
| | - S Patrick Walton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan
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Porras-Gomez M, Leal C. Lipid-based Liquid Crystalline Films and Solutions for the Delivery of Cargo to Cells. LIQUID CRYSTALS REVIEWS 2019; 7:167-182. [PMID: 31942262 PMCID: PMC6961842 DOI: 10.1080/21680396.2019.1666752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A major challenge in the delivery of cargo (genes and/or drugs) to cells using nanostructured vehicles is the ability to safely penetrate plasma membranes by escaping the endosome before degradation, later releasing the payload into the cytoplasm or organelle of interest. Lipids are a class of bio-compatible molecules that self-assemble into a variety of liquid crystalline constructs. Most of these materials can be used to encapsulate drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids to deliver them safely into various cell types. Lipid phases offer a plethora of structures capable of forming complexes with biomolecules, most notably nucleic acids. The physichochemical characteristics of the lipid molecular building blocks, one might say the lipid primary structure, dictates how they collectively interact to assemble into various secondary structures. These include bilayers, lamellar stacks of bilayers, two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal arrays of lipid tubes, and even 3D cubic constructs. The liquid crystalline materials can be present in the form of aqueous suspensions, bulk materials or confined to a film configuration depending on the intended application (e.g. bolus vs surface-based delivery). This work compiles recent findings of different lipid-based liquid crystalline constructs both in films and particles for gene and drug delivery applications. We explore how lipid primary and secondary structures endow liquid crystalline materials with the ability to carry biomolecular cargo and interact with cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn Porras-Gomez
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Cecilia Leal
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Urbana, IL 61801, USA
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Chaix A, Cueto-Diaz E, Delalande A, Knezevic N, Midoux P, Durand JO, Pichon C, Cunin F. Amino-acid functionalized porous silicon nanoparticles for the delivery of pDNA. RSC Adv 2019; 9:31895-31899. [PMID: 35530795 PMCID: PMC9072902 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05461h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous silicon nanoparticles as a novel platform in gene therapy, have shown to be an efficient vehicle for the delivery of nucleic acids in cells. For the first time, a family of porous silicon nanoparticles has been produced featuring an amino-acid functionalized cationic external surface aiming at pDNA complexation. The amino acid-based pDNA nanocarriers, displaying an average diameter of 295 nm, succeeded in transfection of HEK293 cells with an efficiency 300 times superior to "bare" porous silicon nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Chaix
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Université de Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2-UM1, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Eduardo Cueto-Diaz
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Université de Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2-UM1, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | | | - Nikola Knezevic
- Biosense Institute, University of Novi Sad Dr Zorana Djindjica 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Patrick Midoux
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire in Orleans (CBM) UPR4301 France
| | - Jean-Olivier Durand
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Université de Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2-UM1, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- Centre de Biophysique Moléculaire in Orleans (CBM) UPR4301 France
| | - Frederique Cunin
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Université de Montpellier UMR 5253 CNRS-ENSCM-UM2-UM1, 2 Place Eugène Bataillon 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05 France
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Ueda M, Jo JI, Gao JQ, Tabata Y. Effect of lipopolysaccharide addition on the gene transfection of spermine-introduced pullulan-plasmid DNA complexes for human mesenchymal stem cells. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1542-1558. [PMID: 31354063 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1650240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) addition on the gene transfection of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC). hMSC were treated with the LPS at different concentrations and the complex of spermine-introduced pullulan and luciferase plasmid DNA for 3 h. The maximum level of gene expression was observed for hMSC treated with a certain concentration range of LPS. In addition, the cytotoxicity, cellular internalization of complexes, and cell cycle after LPS treatment were investigated. The cytotoxicity increased with an increase in the LPS concentration treated. On the other hand, the cellular internalization of complexes increased with the increased LPS concentration, although the internalization was sharply reduced at the high concentration. The LPS treatment increased the actin polymerization of cells to allow to spread more. The enhanced cells spreading would enhance the cellular internalization of complexes. In addition, the LPS treatment increased the rate of cell cycle. It is possible that the balance of cytotoxicity, cellular internalization, and cell cycle caused by the LPS addition results in the enhanced gene transfection at a certain LPS concentration. It is concluded that LPS treatment positively modified the cellular internalization and the cell cycle, resulting in the enhanced gene transfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumi Ueda
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University , Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University , Japan
| | - Jian-Qing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University , P. R. China
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University , Japan
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Ge Y, Tian T, Shao X, Lin S, Zhang T, Lin Y, Cai X. PEGylated Protamine-Based Adsorbing Improves the Biological Properties and Stability of Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27588-27597. [PMID: 31298033 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, many researchers have reported that DNA nanostructures, such as tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs), have great potential to be useful tools in clinical and laboratory applications due to their programmable shapes, functional sites, and biological responses. However, finite endocytosis and stability in cells and body fluids compromise the functions of DNA nanostructures as a result of various adverse factors. In this study, we successfully synthesized PEGylated protamine, and tFNAs were adsorbed to it in a proper ratio of nitrogen in protamine to phosphorus in tFNAs (N/P ratio) as the functional complex. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PEGylated protamine-adsorbed tFNAs show a more prominent positive effect on cell viability and proliferation than naked tFNAs do. An increase in endocytosis can be observed in three different tissue-derived cells with the PEG-protamine-tFNA (PPT) complex. The increased endocytic ability is mediated by multiple pathways; moreover, the stimulatory effect of the PPT complex on the endocytic ability is dramatically blocked by the inhibition of the caveola-dependent pathway. Consistently, when tFNAs are stabilized by PEGylated protamine, they often tend to escape from lysosomes and survive for a longer period in biological fluids rather than being rapidly eliminated from the kidneys. The in vitro and in vivo results of our study demonstrate that the PPT complex method is a feasible, potent, and low-cost strategy that improves tFNA biocompatibility, stability, and internalization. This study provides evidence supporting the possibility of implementing PPTs for use in drug delivery, bioimaging, and gene transfection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Xiaoru Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology , Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065 , China
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Monpara J, Velga D, Verma T, Gupta S, Vavia P. Cationic cholesterol derivative efficiently delivers the genes: in silico and in vitro studies. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019; 9:106-122. [PMID: 30132199 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0571-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aims of the research work were to synthesize ethyl(cholesteryl carbamoyl)-L-arginate (ECCA), an arginine-conjugated cholesterol derivative, and to evaluate its application as a gene delivery vector. The interactions of ECCA with DNA duplex were studied using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It was found that the guanidine group of ECCA could interact with the phosphate group of DNA through ionic interactions as well as hydrogen bonds. The structure of DNA was stable throughout the simulation time. Liposomes were formulated using ECCA and soya phosphatidylcholine (SPC) by a thin-film hydration method. They had the particle size of ~ 150 nm and the zeta potential of + 51 mV. To ensure the efficient binding of DNA to the liposomes, the ratio of DNA to ECCA was optimized using gel retardation assay. Further, serum stability, haemolysis and cytotoxicity studies were carried out to determine the stability and safety of the lipoplexes. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to determine the interaction of DNA and cationic liposomes. Cellular uptake pathway was determined by studying the uptake of coumarin-loaded lipoplexes at 4 °C and in the presence of uptake inhibitors, i.e. genistein, chlorpromazine and methyl-β-cyclodextrin. Transfection studies were carried out to evaluate the transfection efficacy of the ECCA-loaded lipoplexes. The binding of DNA and lipoplexes was found to be stable in the presence of serum, and no degradation of DNA was observed. The lipoplexes showed low haemolysis and cytotoxicity. The uptake of coumarin-loaded liposomes was decreased up to ~ 20% in the presence of clathrin- and caveola-mediated uptake inhibitors, indicating a role of both the pathways in the uptake of the inhibitors. Satisfactory transfection efficiency was obtained compared to Lipofectamine®. Thus, cationic cholesterol derivative is a useful tool for gene delivery vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Monpara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University Under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Center of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Divya Velga
- Gupta Laboratory, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Center for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, 400085, India
| | - Tripti Verma
- Gupta Laboratory, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Center for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, 400085, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Gupta Laboratory, Epigenetics and Chromatin Biology Group, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Advanced Center for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, MH, 400085, India
| | - Pradeep Vavia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University Under Section 3 of UGC Act-1956, Elite Status and Center of Excellence-Government of Maharashtra, TEQIP Phase II Funded, Mumbai, 400019, India.
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Ban E, Kwon TH, Kim A. Delivery of therapeutic miRNA using polymer-based formulation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019; 9:1043-1056. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00645-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Uchida S, Kataoka K. Design concepts of polyplex micelles for in vivo therapeutic delivery of plasmid DNA and messenger RNA. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 107:978-990. [PMID: 30665262 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nonviral delivery of plasmid (p)DNA or messenger (m)RNA is a safe and promising therapeutic option to continuously supply therapeutic proteins into diseased tissues. In most cases of in vivo pDNA and mRNA delivery, these nucleic acids are loaded into carriers based on cationic polymers and/or lipids to prevent nuclease-mediated degradation before reaching target cells. The carriers should also evade host clearance mechanisms, including uptake by scavenger cells and filtration in the spleen. Installation of ligands onto the carriers can facilitate their rapid uptake into target cells. Meanwhile, carrier toxicity should be minimized not only for preventing undesirable adverse responses in patients, but also for preserving the function of transfected cells to exert therapeutic effects. Long-term progressive improvement of platform technologies has helped overcome most of these issues, though some still remain hindering the widespread clinical application of nonviral pDNA and mRNA delivery. This review discusses design concepts of nonviral carriers for in vivo delivery and the issues to be overcome, focusing especially on our own efforts using polyplex micelles. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 107A: 978-990, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Uchida
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.,Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Innovation Center of NanoMedicine (iCONM), Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan.,Policy Alternatives Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Schlickewei C, Klatte TO, Wildermuth Y, Laaff G, Rueger JM, Ruesing J, Chernousova S, Lehmann W, Epple M. A bioactive nano-calcium phosphate paste for in-situ transfection of BMP-7 and VEGF-A in a rabbit critical-size bone defect: results of an in vivo study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:15. [PMID: 30671652 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to prepare an injectable DNA-loaded nano-calcium phosphate paste that is suitable as bioactive bone substitution material. For this we used the well-known potential of calcium phosphate in bone contact and supplemented it with DNA for the in-situ transfection of BMP-7 and VEGF-A in a critical-size bone defect. 24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: One group with BMP-7- and VEGF-A-encoding DNA on calcium phosphate nanoparticles and a control group with calcium phosphate nanoparticles only. The bone defect was created at the proximal medial tibia and filled with the DNA-loaded calcium phosphate paste. As control, a bone defect was filled with the calcium phosphate paste without DNA. The proximal tibia was investigated 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the operation. A histomorphological analysis of the dynamic bone parameters was carried out with the Osteomeasure system. The animals treated with the DNA-loaded calcium phosphate showed a statistically significantly increased bone volume per total volume after 4 weeks in comparison to the control group. Additionally, a statistically significant increase of the trabecular number and the number of osteoblasts per tissue area were observed. These results were confirmed by radiological analysis. The DNA-loaded bone paste led to a significantly faster healing of the critical-size bone defect in the rabbit model after 4 weeks. After 12 weeks, all defects had equally healed in both groups. No difference in the quality of the new bone was found. The injectable DNA-loaded calcium phosphate paste led to a faster and more sustained bone healing and induced an accelerated bone formation after 4 weeks. The material was well integrated into the bone defect and new bone was formed on its surface. The calcium phosphate paste without DNA led to a regular healing of the critical-size bone defect, but the healing was slower than the DNA-loaded paste. Thus, the in-situ transfection with BMP-7 and VEGF-A significantly improved the potential of calcium phosphate as pasty bone substitution material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schlickewei
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Till O Klatte
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yasmin Wildermuth
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Georg Laaff
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes M Rueger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Ruesing
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Svitlana Chernousova
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lehmann
- Department of Trauma, Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany.
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Tian T, Zhang T, Zhou T, Lin S, Shi S, Lin Y. Synthesis of an ethyleneimine/tetrahedral DNA nanostructure complex and its potential application as a multi-functional delivery vehicle. NANOSCALE 2018; 9:18402-18412. [PMID: 29147695 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr07130b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, DNA nanostructures are extensively researched for their biocompatibility, editable functionality, and structural stability. Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures (TDNs), widely known for their membrane permeability, are regarded as potential candidates for drug delivery. However, the stability and membrane permeability of TDNs call for further enhancement if in vivo usage is ascribed. To overcome the drawbacks of TDNs, ethylene imine (PEI, 25 kDa, branched)-a classic cationic polymer in the field of gene delivery-was applied. Via a facile one-pot synthesis method, a PEI/TDNs complex was formed. Subsequently, a DNase protection assay, a cytotoxicity assay, endocytosis-related experiments, and lysosome staining were performed to examine the potential of PEI/TDNs as a delivery vehicle. The combination of PEI and TDNs not only overcame the drawbacks of each substance but also retained their individual merits. Traditionally, drug-delivery vehicles that enable enhanced cell entry and lysosome escape are often compromised by their toxicity and poor multifunctionality. We believe this novel PEI/TDNs complex with enhanced systemic stability, biocompatibility, cell-entry ability, and lysosome-escape ability and unsurpassed editable functionality could be a powerful tool as a multi-functional delivery vehicle in targeted drug delivery, in vivo imaging, and other related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.
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Developing a novel cholesterol-based nanocarrier with high transfection efficiency and serum compatibility for gene therapy. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:766-775. [PMID: 30579664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Primary cells are sensitive to culture conditions, which can be more difficult to get efficient transfection. The purpose of this study is to develop a serum-compatible cholesterol-based nanocarrier for delivering therapeutic nucleic acids into cells efficiently for future clinical gene therapy. METHODS A novel cationic 3-β-[N-(2-guanidinoethyl)carbamoyl]-cholesterol (GEC-Chol) was mixed with cholesterol and superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles to form GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier. Transfection efficiency and cytotoxicity in serum and non-serum conditions were evaluated. Florescent-labeled oligonucleotides (ODNs) were transfected as indicators. Fluorescent microscopy, confocal microscopy, and flow cytometry analysis were used for evaluations. Besides, we also delivered functional antisense c-myc ODNs as surrogates for specific gene manipulation in vitro. RESULTS Results indicated that GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier could have size down to less than 135 nm, which structure was highly stable and consistent over time. It also showed great transfection efficiency and low cytotoxicity in both serum and non-serum conditions. Our results demonstrated that GCC-Fe3O4 nanocarrier had exceeded 90% transfection efficiency, which was much better than common commercialized transfection reagents under same conditions. Such nanocarrier not only worked well in cell lines, but also ideal for gene delivery in primary cells. CONCLUSION With high transfection efficiency and serum compatibility, this novel biocompatible cholesterol-based nanocarrier provides an ideal platform especially for RNAi-based gene manipulation. It also opens a wide range of biomedical applications for in vivo cell tracking and gene therapeutics for clinical usage.
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