1
|
Chakravarty K, Gaur S, Kumar R, Jha NK, Gupta PK. Exploring the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics: A Review of Current Insights and Applications. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10328-x. [PMID: 39069588 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between human health and the microbiome has gained extensive attention, with probiotics emerging as pivotal therapeutic agents due to their vast potential in treating various health issues. As significant modulators of the gut microbiota, probiotics are crucial in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and enhancing the synthesis of short-chain fatty acids. Despite extensive research over the past decades, there remains an urgent need for a comprehensive and detailed review that encapsulates probiotics' latest insights and applications. This review focusses on the multifaceted roles of probiotics in promoting health and preventing disease, highlighting the complex mechanisms through which these beneficial bacteria influence both gut flora and the human body at large. This paper also explores probiotics' neurological and gastrointestinal applications, focussing on their significant impact on the gut-brain axis and their therapeutic potential in a broad spectrum of pathological conditions. Current innovations in probiotic formulations, mainly focusing on integrating genomics and biotechnological advancements, have also been comprehensively discussed herein. This paper also critically examines the regulatory landscape that governs probiotic use, ensuring safety and efficacy in clinical and dietary settings. By presenting a comprehensive overview of recent studies and emerging trends, this review aims to illuminate probiotics' extensive therapeutic capabilities, leading to future research and clinical applications. However, besides extensive research, further advanced explorations into probiotic interactions and mechanisms will be essential for developing more targeted and effective therapeutic strategies, potentially revolutionizing health care practices for consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kashyapi Chakravarty
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India
| | - Smriti Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201309, India.
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Sharda School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Piyush Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Development of Biomaterials and Department of Life Sciences, Sharda School of Basic Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201310, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bueno MR, Martins FH, Rocha CM, Kawamoto D, Ishikawa KH, Ando-Suguimoto ES, Carlucci AR, Arroteia LS, Casarin RV, Mayer MPA. Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 Ameliorates Inflammation and Alveolar Bone Loss Promoted by A. actinomycetemcomitans and S. gordonii in Mice and Impacts Oral and Gut Microbiomes. Microorganisms 2024; 12:836. [PMID: 38674780 PMCID: PMC11052184 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The benefits of probiotics on dysbiotic microbiomes and inflammation are dependent on the tested strain, host factors, and the resident microbiome. There is limited knowledge on the effects of probiotics in A. actinomycetemcomitans-associated periodontitis. Thus, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5 (LA5) was orally inoculated for 30 days in C57Bl/6 mice infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans JP2 (Aa) and S. gordonii (Sg). Alveolar bone loss, gingival gene expression, and oral and gut microbiomes were determined. LA5 controlled bone loss in Aa+Sg-infected mice, downregulated the expression of Il-1β and upregulated Il-10 in gingival tissues, and altered the oral and gut microbiomes. LA5 increased the diversity of the oral microbiome of Aa+Sg infected mice, and Aa+Sg and Aa+Sg+LA5 oral or gut microbiomes clustered apart. LA5 induced shifts in Aa+Sg infected mice by increasing the abundance of Muribaculaceae and decreasing Bifidobacteriaceae in the oral cavity and increasing the abundance of Verrucomicrobiae and Eggerthellales in the gut. In conclusion, LA5 oral administration controls experimental Aa-associated periodontitis by altering inflammatory gene expression and the oral and gut microbiomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela R. Bueno
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (F.H.M.); (M.P.A.M.)
- Department of Periodontology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas 13045-755, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando H. Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (F.H.M.); (M.P.A.M.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Catarina M. Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (F.H.M.); (M.P.A.M.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Dione Kawamoto
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Karin H. Ishikawa
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Ellen S. Ando-Suguimoto
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Aline R. Carlucci
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (F.H.M.); (M.P.A.M.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| | - Leticia S. Arroteia
- Department of Prosthesis and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil; (L.S.A.)
| | - Renato V. Casarin
- Department of Prosthesis and Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil; (L.S.A.)
| | - Marcia P. A. Mayer
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (F.H.M.); (M.P.A.M.)
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, SP, Brazil (E.S.A.-S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Roux AE, Langella P, Martin R. Overview on biotics development. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2024; 86:103073. [PMID: 38335705 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Although probiotics have been used in food products and supplements for decades, there has been a considerable increase in their use more recently. Recent technological advances have thus led to major advances in knowledge of the gut microbiota, enabling a significant development of biotics. In this review, we discuss the uses of traditional probiotics but also the discovery of next-generation probiotics that could be used as live biotherapeutics. These novel preventive and therapeutic strategies hold promise for the treatment of numerous diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Probiotic bacteria can be consumed alone, or in combination with prebiotics as synbiotics, or mixed with other probiotic strains to form a consortium for enhanced effects. We also discuss the benefits of using postbiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Emmanuelle Roux
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Philippe Langella
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Rebeca Martin
- Paris-Saclay University, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Spacova I, Binda S, ter Haar JA, Henoud S, Legrain-Raspaud S, Dekker J, Espadaler-Mazo J, Langella P, Martín R, Pane M, Ouwehand AC. Comparing technology and regulatory landscape of probiotics as food, dietary supplements and live biotherapeutics. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1272754. [PMID: 38188575 PMCID: PMC10770255 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1272754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Application of beneficial microorganisms as probiotics targets a broad range of intended uses, from maintaining health and supporting normal bodily functions to curing and preventing diseases. Currently, three main regulatory fields of probiotic products can be defined depending on their intended use: the more similar probiotic foods and probiotic dietary supplements, and live biotherapeutic products. However, it is not always straightforward to classify a probiotic product into one of these categories. The regulatory nuances of developing, manufacturing, investigating and applying each category of probiotic products are not universal, and not always apparent to those unfamiliar with the various global probiotic regulatory guidelines. Various global markets can be significantly different regarding legislation, possible claims, market value and quality requirements for the development and commercialization of probiotic products. Furthermore, different probiotic product categories are also linked with variable costs at different stages of product development. This review outlines the current landscape comparing probiotic foods, probiotic dietary supplements, and live biotherapeutics as probiotic products from a regulatory lens, focusing on product development, manufacturing and production, and clinical research agenda. The aim is to inform and promote a better understanding among stakeholders by outlining the expectations and performance for each probiotic product category, depending on their intended use and targeted geographical region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Spacova
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Binda
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Solange Henoud
- Rosell Institute for Microbiome and Probiotics, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - James Dekker
- Fonterra Research and Development Centre Co., Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | - Philippe Langella
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Rebeca Martín
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jansma J, Chatziioannou AC, Castricum K, van Hemert S, El Aidy S. Metabolic network construction reveals probiotic-specific alterations in the metabolic activity of a synthetic small intestinal community. mSystems 2023; 8:e0033223. [PMID: 37668401 PMCID: PMC10654062 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00332-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The development of probiotic therapies targeted at the small intestinal microbiota represents a significant advancement in the field of probiotic interventions. This region poses unique opportunities due to its low number of gut microbiota, along with the presence of heightened immune and metabolic host responses. However, progress in this area has been hindered by a lack of detailed understanding regarding the molecular mechanisms through which probiotics exert their effects in the small intestine. Our study, utilizing a synthetic community of three small intestinal bacterial strains and the addition of two different probiotic species, and kynurenine as a representative dietary or endogenously produced compound, highlights the importance of selecting probiotic species with diverse genetic capabilities that complement the functional capacity of the resident microbiota, or alternatively, constructing a multispecies formula. This approach holds great promise for the development of effective probiotic therapies and underscores the need to consider the functional capacity of probiotic species when designing interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Jansma
- Host-Microbe Interactions, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Sahar El Aidy
- Host-Microbe Interactions, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Q, Wu Z. Gut Probiotics and Health of Dogs and Cats: Benefits, Applications, and Underlying Mechanisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2452. [PMID: 37894110 PMCID: PMC10609632 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pets (mostly domestic dogs and cats) play an important role in the daily lives of humans and their health has attracted growing attention from pet owners. The intestinal microbiota, a complex microbial community with barrier-protective, nutritional, metabolic, and immunological functions, is integral to host health. Dysbiosis has been related to a variety of diseases in humans and animals. Probiotics have been used in functional foods and dietary supplements to modulate intestinal microbiota and promote host health, which has been introduced in pet dogs and cats in recent years. Various canine- and feline-derived probiotic strains have been isolated and characterized. The administration of probiotics has shown positive effects on the gut health and can alleviate some intestinal diseases and disorders in dogs and cats, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unresolved. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the benefits of probiotics and discuss their possible mechanisms in dogs and cats in order to provide new insights for the further development and application of probiotics in pets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Companion Animal Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kwoji ID, Aiyegoro OA, Okpeku M, Adeleke MA. 'Multi-omics' data integration: applications in probiotics studies. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:25. [PMID: 37277356 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of probiotics is witnessing increasing attention due to its benefits in influencing the host microbiome and the modulation of host immunity through the strengthening of the gut barrier and stimulation of antibodies. These benefits, combined with the need for improved nutraceuticals, have resulted in the extensive characterization of probiotics leading to an outburst of data generated using several 'omics' technologies. The recent development in system biology approaches to microbial science is paving the way for integrating data generated from different omics techniques for understanding the flow of molecular information from one 'omics' level to the other with clear information on regulatory features and phenotypes. The limitations and tendencies of a 'single omics' application to ignore the influence of other molecular processes justify the need for 'multi-omics' application in probiotics selections and understanding its action on the host. Different omics techniques, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and lipidomics, used for studying probiotics and their influence on the host and the microbiome are discussed in this review. Furthermore, the rationale for 'multi-omics' and multi-omics data integration platforms supporting probiotics and microbiome analyses was also elucidated. This review showed that multi-omics application is useful in selecting probiotics and understanding their functions on the host microbiome. Hence, recommend a multi-omics approach for holistically understanding probiotics and the microbiome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iliya Dauda Kwoji
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4090, Durban, South Africa
| | - Olayinka Ayobami Aiyegoro
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, Northwest, South Africa
| | - Moses Okpeku
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4090, Durban, South Africa
| | - Matthew Adekunle Adeleke
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, 4090, Durban, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Grinevich VB, Lazebnik LB, Kravchuk YA, Radchenko VG, Tkachenko EI, Pershko AM, Seliverstov PV, Salikova CP, Zhdanov KV, Kozlov KV, Makienko VV, Potapova IV, Ivanyuk ES, Egorov DV, Sas EI, Korzheva MD, Kozlova NM, Ratnikova AK, Ratnikov VA, Sitkin SI, Bolieva LZ, Turkina CV, Abdulganieva DI, Ermolova TV, Kozhevnikova SA, Tarasova LV, Myazin RG, Khomeriki NM, Pilat TL, Kuzmina LP, Khanferyan RA, Novikova VP, Polunina AV, Khavkin AI. Gastrointestinal disorders in post-COVID syndrome. Clinical guidelines. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY 2023:4-68. [DOI: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-208-12-4-68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Summary Post- COVID syndrome refers to the long-term consequences of a new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which includes a set of symptoms that develop or persist after COVID-19. Symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders in post- COVID syndrome, due to chronic infl ammation, the consequences of organ damage, prolonged hospitalization, social isolation, and other causes, can be persistent and require a multidisciplinary approach. The presented clinical practice guidelines consider the main preventive and therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to the management of patients with gastroenterological manifestations of postCOVID syndrome. The Guidelines were approved by the 17th National Congress of Internal Medicine and the 25th Congress of Gastroenterological Scientifi c Society of Russia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - L. B. Lazebnik
- A. I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K. V. Kozlov
- Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov
| | | | | | | | - D. V. Egorov
- Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov
| | - E. I. Sas
- Military Medical Academy named after S. M. Kirov
| | | | | | - A. K. Ratnikova
- North-West District Scientifi c and Clinical Center named after L. G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency
| | - V. A. Ratnikov
- North-West District Scientifi c and Clinical Center named after L. G. Sokolov Federal Medical and Biological Agency
| | - S. I. Sitkin
- North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov;
Almazov National Medical Research Centre
| | | | | | | | - T. V. Ermolova
- North-Western state medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov
| | | | | | | | - N. M. Khomeriki
- Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute n. a. M. F. Vladimirsky”
| | - T. L. Pilat
- Scientifi c Research Institute of labour medicine named after academician N. F. Izmerov
| | - L. P. Kuzmina
- Scientifi c Research Institute of labour medicine named after academician N. F. Izmerov;
I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | | | | | - A. I. Khavkin
- Russian National Research Medical University named after N. I. Pirogov
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Michael D, Kerry-Smith J, Webberley T, Murphy K, Plummer S, Parry L, Marchesi J. Does flow culture impact upon gut-probiotic interactions: A comparison with static culture. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
|
10
|
Zaccaria E, Klaassen T, Alleleyn AME, Boekhorst J, Smokvina T, Kleerebezem M, Troost FJ. Endogenous small intestinal microbiome determinants of transient colonisation efficiency by bacteria from fermented dairy products: a randomised controlled trial. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:43. [PMID: 36879297 PMCID: PMC9990280 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of fermented food consumption on the small intestine microbiome and its role on host homeostasis are largely uncharacterised as our knowledge on intestinal microbiota relies mainly on faecal samples analysis. We investigated changes in small intestinal microbial composition and functionality, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, and on gastro-intestinal (GI) permeability in ileostomy subjects upon the consumption of fermented milk products. RESULTS We report the results from a randomised, cross-over, explorative study where 16 ileostomy subjects underwent 3, 2-week intervention periods. In each period, they consumed either milk fermented by Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-3690, or milk fermented by Streptococcus thermophilus CNCM I-1630 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus CNCM I-1519, or a chemically acidified milk (placebo) daily. We performed metataxonomic, metatranscriptomic analysis, and SCFA profiling of ileostomy effluents as well as a sugar permeability test to investigate the microbiome impact of these interventions and their potential effect on mucosal barrier function. Consumption of the intervention products impacted the overall small intestinal microbiome composition and functionality, mainly due to the introduction of the product-derived bacteria that reach in several samples 50% of the total microbial community. The interventions did not affect the SCFA levels in ileostoma effluent, or gastro-intestinal permeability and the effects on the endogenous microbial community were negligible. The impact on microbiome composition was highly personalised, and we identified the poorly characterised bacterial family, Peptostreptococcaceae, to be positively associated with a low abundance of the ingested bacteria. Activity profiling of the microbiota revealed that carbon- versus amino acid-derived energy metabolism of the endogenous microbiome could be responsible for the individual-specific intervention effects on the small intestine microbiome composition and function, reflected also on urine microbial metabolites generated through proteolytic fermentation. CONCLUSIONS The ingested bacteria are the main drivers of the intervention effect on the small intestinal microbiota composition. Their transient abundance level is highly personalised and influenced by the energy metabolism of the ecosystem that is reflected by its microbial composition ( http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov , ID NCT NCT02920294). Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Zaccaria
- Host Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Food Innovation and Health, Center for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Venlo, 5911AA, The Netherlands
| | - Tim Klaassen
- Food Innovation and Health, Center for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Venlo, 5911AA, The Netherlands
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annick M E Alleleyn
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Boekhorst
- Host Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamara Smokvina
- Danone Nutricia Research, Av. De la Vauve, 91767, Palaiseau, France
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, De Elst 1, 6708WD, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Freddy J Troost
- Food Innovation and Health, Center for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University, Venlo, 5911AA, The Netherlands
- Division of Gastroenterology-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Center+, P.O. Box 5800, 6202AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rousseaux A, Brosseau C, Bodinier M. Immunomodulation of B Lymphocytes by Prebiotics, Probiotics and Synbiotics: Application in Pathologies. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020269. [PMID: 36678140 PMCID: PMC9863037 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics are known to have major beneficial effects on human health due to their ability to modify the composition and the function of the gut mucosa, the gut microbiota and the immune system. These components largely function in a healthy population throughout different periods of life to confer homeostasis. Indeed, they can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota by increasing bacteria strands that are beneficial for health, such as Firmicute and Bifidobacteria, and decreasing harmful bacteria, such as Enteroccocus. Their immunomodulation properties have been extensively studied in different innate cells (dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes) and adaptive cells (Th, Treg, B cells). They can confer a protolerogenic environment but also modulate pro-inflammatory responses. Due to all these beneficial effects, these compounds have been investigated to prevent or to treat different diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, allergies, autoimmune diseases, etc. Regarding the literature, the effects of these components on dendritic cells, monocytes and T cells have been studied and presented in a number of reviews, but their impact on B-cell response has been less widely discussed. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we propose here a review of the literature on the immunomodulation of B-lymphocytes response by prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics, both in healthy conditions and in pathologies. DISCUSSION Promising studies have been performed in animal models, highlighting the potential of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics intake to treat or to prevent diseases associated with B-cell immunomodulation, but this needs to be validated in humans with a full characterization of B-cell subsets and not only the humoral response.
Collapse
|
12
|
Kaushik P, Kumari M, Singh NK, Suri A. The role of gut microbiota in etiopathogenesis of long COVID syndrome. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2022:hmbci-2022-0079. [DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Kaushik
- Biochemistry , SGT University , Gurugram , Haryana , India
| | | | | | - Arpita Suri
- Biochemistry , SGT University , Gurugram , Haryana , India
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gao J, Sadiq FA, Zheng Y, Zhao J, He G, Sang Y. Biofilm-based delivery approaches and specific enrichment strategies of probiotics in the human gut. Gut Microbes 2022; 14:2126274. [PMID: 36175161 PMCID: PMC9542427 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2022.2126274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of probiotics has been one of the effective strategies to restructure perturbed human gut microbiota following a disease or metabolic disorder. One of the biggest challenges associated with the use of probiotic-based gut modulation strategies is to keep the probiotic cells viable and stable during the gastrointestinal transit. Biofilm-based probiotics delivery approaches have emerged as fascinating modes of probiotic delivery in which probiotics show significantly greater tolerance and biotherapeutic potential, and interestingly probiotic biofilms can be developed on food-grade surfaces too, which is ideal for the growth and proliferation of bacterial cells for incorporation into food matrices. In addition, biofilms can be further encapsulated with food-grade materials or with bacterial self-produced biofilms. This review presents a newly emerging and unprecedently discussed techniques for the safe delivery of probiotics based on biofilms and further discusses newly emerging prebiotic materials which target specific gut microbiota groups for growth and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Collge of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology & Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - Yixin Zheng
- Collge of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jinrong Zhao
- Collge of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Guoqing He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,CONTACT Guoqing He College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- Collge of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China,Yaxin Sang Collge of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Limnospira indica PCC 8005 or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Dietary Supplementation Modulate the Gut Microbiome in Mice. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While dietary supplements can have beneficial effects on the health of the intestine, these effects can come with unresolved issues in terms of therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. In this study, the model probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and the anciently used dietary supplement Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 were compared for their effects on murine intestinal ecology. Healthy male mice received either saline or suspensions of living cells of L. indica PCC 8005 or L. rhamnosus GG daily along a two-week intervention period, followed by a two-week washout period. Both bacteria-based solutions appeared able to transiently shift the microbial community, which were characterized by a higher relative abundance of members of the butyrate producing Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae families.
Collapse
|
15
|
Use of red onion (Allium cepa L.) residue extract in the co-microencapsulation of probiotics added to a vegan product. Food Res Int 2022; 161:111854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
16
|
Gut Microbiota Disruption in COVID-19 or Post-COVID Illness Association with severity biomarkers: A Possible Role of Pre / Pro-biotics in manipulating microflora. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 358:109898. [PMID: 35331679 PMCID: PMC8934739 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a coronavirus-induced illness attributed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, is thought to have first emerged on November 17, 2019. According to World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 has been linked to 379,223,560 documented occurrences and 5,693,245 fatalities globally as of 1st Feb 2022. Influenza A virus that has also been discovered diarrhea and gastrointestinal discomfort was found in the infected person, highlighting the need of monitoring them for gastro intestinal tract (GIT) symptoms regardless of whether the sickness is respiration related. The majority of the microbiome in the intestines is Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, while Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes are found in the lungs. Although most people overcome SARS-CoV-2 infections, many people continue to have symptoms months after the original sickness, called Long-COVID or Post COVID. The term "post-COVID-19 symptoms" refers to those that occur with or after COVID-19 and last for more than 12 weeks (long-COVID-19). The possible understanding of biological components such as inflammatory, immunological, metabolic activity biomarkers in peripheral blood is needed to evaluate the study. Therefore, this article aims to review the informative data that supports the idea underlying the disruption mechanisms of the microbiome of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute COVID-19 or post-COVID-mediated elevation of severity biomarkers.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dempsey E, Corr SC. Lactobacillus spp. for Gastrointestinal Health: Current and Future Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840245. [PMID: 35464397 PMCID: PMC9019120 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, probiotic bacteria have become increasingly popular as a result of mounting scientific evidence to indicate their beneficial role in modulating human health. Although there is strong evidence associating various Lactobacillus probiotics to various health benefits, further research is needed, in particular to determine the various mechanisms by which probiotics may exert these effects and indeed to gauge inter-individual value one can expect from consuming these products. One must take into consideration the differences in individual and combination strains, and conditions which create difficulty in making direct comparisons. The aim of this paper is to review the current understanding of the means by which Lactobacillus species stand to benefit our gastrointestinal health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Dempsey
- Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinéad C Corr
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cheng J, Laitila A, Ouwehand AC. Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 Effects on Gut Health: A Review. Front Nutr 2022; 8:790561. [PMID: 34970580 PMCID: PMC8712437 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.790561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal gut motility is central to bowel function and gut health. The link between the gut dysmotility related disorders and dysfunctional-intestinal barriers has led to a hypothesis that certain probiotics could help in normalizing gut motility and maintain gut health. This review investigates the roles of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis HN019 (B. lactis HN019™) on gut health, and its mechanisms of action in various pre-clinical and clinical studies. Research supports the hypothesis that B. lactis HN019™ has a beneficial role in maintaining intestinal barrier function during gastrointestinal infections by competing and excluding potential pathogens via different mechanisms; maintaining normal tight junction function in vitro; and regulating host immune defense toward pathogens in both in vitro and human studies. This has been observed to lead to reduced incidence of diarrhea. Interestingly, B. lactis HN019™ also supports normal physiological function in immunosenescent elderly and competes and excludes potential pathogens. Furthermore, B. lactis HN019™ reduced intestinal transit time and increased bowel movement frequency in functional constipation, potentially by modulating gut–brain–microbiota axis, mainly via serotonin signaling pathway, through short chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation. B. lactis HN019™ is thus a probiotic that can contribute to relieving gut dysmotility related disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., Global Health and Nutrition Science, Danisco Sweeteners Oy, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Arja Laitila
- International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., Global Health and Nutrition Science, Danisco Sweeteners Oy, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Arthur C Ouwehand
- International Flavors & Fragrances Inc., Global Health and Nutrition Science, Danisco Sweeteners Oy, Kantvik, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Inatomi T, Honma M. Effects of probiotics on loperamide-induced constipation in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24098. [PMID: 34916548 PMCID: PMC8677781 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02931-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of probiotics in mitigating constipation, gut immunity, and gut microbiota has not been well studied. We aimed to evaluate the effects of probiotics on loperamide (LP)-induced constipation in Sprague-Dawley rats. Altogether, 150 male Sprague-Dawley rats (age 8 weeks) were used in the experiments following a 12-day acclimatisation period and were randomly divided into three treatment groups (groups 1, 2, and 3). Spastic constipation was induced via oral LP administration (3 mg/kg) for 6 days, 1 h before administering each test compound in groups 1 and 2. A probiotic solution (4 mL/kg body weight) was orally administered once a day for 6 days in group 2. In group 1, a phosphate buffer solution was orally administered once a day for 6 days, 1 h after each LP administration. In group 3, a phosphate buffer solution was orally administered once a day for 6 days. In the probiotic group, faecal parameters improved; faecal n-butyric acid, acetic acid, and IgA concentrations were increased; intestinal transit time was shortened; and disturbance of intestinal microbiota was inhibited. Our findings suggest that this probiotic was useful in improving various symptoms caused by constipation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takio Inatomi
- Inatomi Animal Hospital, 1-1-24 Denenchofu, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 145-0071, Japan.
| | - Mihoko Honma
- Kusama Animal Health Laboratory, 2240 Tsunehiro, Kashima-shi, Saga, 849-1301, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Spacova I, De Boeck I, Bron PA, Delputte P, Lebeer S. Topical Microbial Therapeutics against Respiratory Viral Infections. Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:538-553. [PMID: 33879402 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that microbial therapeutics can prevent and treat respiratory viral diseases, especially when applied directly to the airways. This review presents established beneficial effects of locally administered microbial therapeutics against respiratory viral diseases and the inferred related molecular mechanisms. Several mechanisms established in the intestinal probiotics field as well as novel, niche-specific insights are relevant in the airways. Studies at cellular and organism levels highlight biologically plausible but strain-specific and host and virus context-dependent mechanisms, underlying the potential of beneficial bacteria. Large-scale clinical studies can now be rationally designed to provide a bench-to-bedside translation of the multifactorial bacterial mechanisms within the host respiratory tract, to diminish the incidence and severity of viral infections and the concomitant complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Spacova
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ilke De Boeck
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter A Bron
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Peter Delputte
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, B-2610, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. @uantwerpen.be
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Li D, Gao C, Zhang F, Yang R, Lan C, Ma Y, Wang J. Seven facts and five initiatives for gut microbiome research. Protein Cell 2021; 11:391-400. [PMID: 32172500 PMCID: PMC7251010 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-020-00697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danyi Li
- Beijing Rexinchang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Chunhui Gao
- Beijing Rexinchang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Faming Zhang
- Medical Center for Digestive Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
- Key Lab of Holistic Integrative Enterology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210011, China
- Division of Microbiotherapy, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Ruifu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Canhui Lan
- Beijing Rexinchang Biotechnology Research Institute Co. Ltd, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Yonghui Ma
- Centre for Bioethics, Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cunningham M, Azcarate-Peril MA, Barnard A, Benoit V, Grimaldi R, Guyonnet D, Holscher HD, Hunter K, Manurung S, Obis D, Petrova MI, Steinert RE, Swanson KS, van Sinderen D, Vulevic J, Gibson GR. Shaping the Future of Probiotics and Prebiotics. Trends Microbiol 2021; 29:667-685. [PMID: 33551269 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent and ongoing developments in microbiome science are enabling new frontiers of research for probiotics and prebiotics. Novel types, mechanisms, and applications currently under study have the potential to change scientific understanding as well as nutritional and healthcare applications of these interventions. The expansion of related fields of microbiome-targeted interventions, and an evolving landscape for implementation across regulatory, policy, prescriber, and consumer spheres, portends an era of significant change. In this review we examine recent, emerging, and anticipated trends in probiotic and prebiotic science, and create a vision for broad areas of developing influence in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marla Cunningham
- Department of Science and Innovation, Metagenics, PO Box 675, Virginia BC, QLD, 4014, Australia.
| | - M Andrea Azcarate-Peril
- UNC Departments of Medicine and Nutrition, Microbiome Core Facility, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Valerie Benoit
- Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Denis Guyonnet
- Diana Nova, Symrise Nutrition, Clichy-la-Garenne, France
| | - Hannah D Holscher
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kirsty Hunter
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, UK
| | - Sarmauli Manurung
- Emerging Sciences Research, Reckitt Benckiser, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David Obis
- Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | | | - Robert E Steinert
- R&D Human Nutrition and Health, DSM Nutritional Products Ltd, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kelly S Swanson
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- Microbiology BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jelena Vulevic
- veMico Ltd, Reading, UK; Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Glenn R Gibson
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Genomics-based approaches to identify and predict the health-promoting and safety activities of promising probiotic strains – A probiogenomics review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
24
|
Zuo F, Marcotte H. Advancing mechanistic understanding and bioengineering of probiotic lactobacilli and bifidobacteria by genome editing. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 70:75-82. [PMID: 33445135 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Typical traditional probiotics lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are gaining great interest to be developed as living diagnostics and therapeutics for improving human health. However, the mechanistic basis underlying their inherent health beneficial property remain incompletely understood which can slow down the translational pipeline in the functional food and pharmaceutical field. Efficient genome editing will advance the understanding of the molecular mechanism of the probiotics' physiological properties and their interaction with the host and the host microbiota, thereby further promote the development of next-generation designer probiotics with improved robustness and tailored functionalities. With the expansion of genome editing strategies such as CRISPR-Cas-based tools and IPSD assisted genome engineering as well as other synthetic biology technologies, the research and application of these health-promoting bacteria for the food and pharmaceutical industry will be further enhanced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanglei Zuo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm SE-106 91, Sweden.
| | - Harold Marcotte
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm SE-141 86, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Albuquerque AP, Rodrigues TJA, Cavalcante Neto JL, Rocha APT. Utilização de polpa de frutas em pó carregadoras de probióticos como alimento funcional: aspectos gerais e perspectivas. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.31019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Resumo O emprego de novos processos que possam agregar valor e aumentar a vida útil de produtos gerados a partir de frutas, bem como a preocupação com uma alimentação mais saudável, vem despertando um perfil mais inovador no mercado de alimentos. Dentre os mais diversos tipos de alimentos funcionais, estudos recentes vêm sendo desenvolvidos destacando os probióticos. Tradicionalmente, na elaboração de alimentos probióticos, são utilizados produtos derivados de leite, porém, atualmente, há um aumento na demanda por produtos não lácteos, devido ao crescimento do número de consumidores veganos, intolerantes à lactose e alérgicos às proteínas do leite. O desenvolvimento de probióticos em novas matrizes vem se tornando uma opção cada vez mais atrativa para a indústria alimentícia. Logo, no presente artigo de revisão, são abordados os aspectos tecnológicos utilizados para análise da viabilidade de probióticos em polpas de frutas, as quais, por possuírem alto teor de umidade, são altamente perecíveis, necessitando da utilização de uma técnica de desidratação, com o intuito de reduzir as perdas pós-colheita, proteger contra as reações de degradação, contribuir para a concentração de nutrientes, além de possibilitar sua disponibilidade em qualquer período do ano. Assim, aspectos gerais da secagem em leito de jorro são discutidos como possível processo de conservação da polpa de frutas enriquecidas com culturas probióticas.
Collapse
|
26
|
Engineer probiotic bifidobacteria for food and biomedical applications - Current status and future prospective. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 45:107654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
27
|
Bornholdt J, Broholm C, Chen Y, Rago A, Sloth S, Hendel J, Melsæther C, Müller CV, Juul Nielsen M, Strickertsson J, Engelholm L, Vitting-Seerup K, Jensen KB, Baker A, Sandelin A. Personalized B cell response to the Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG probiotic in healthy human subjects: a randomized trial. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1-14. [PMID: 33274667 PMCID: PMC7722709 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1854639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific effects of administering live probiotics in the human gut are not well characterized. To this end, we investigated the immediate effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) in the jejunum of 27 healthy volunteers 2 h after ingestion using a combination of global RNA sequencing of human biopsies and bacterial DNA sequencing in a multi-visit, randomized, cross-over design (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03140878). While LGG was detectable in jejunum after 2 h in treated subjects, the gene expression response vs. placebo was subtle if assessed across all subjects. However, clustering analysis revealed that one-third of subjects exhibited a strong and consistent LGG response involving hundreds of genes, where genes related to B cell activation were upregulated, consistent with prior results in mice. Immunohistochemistry and single cell-based deconvolution analyses showed that this B cell signature likely is due to activation and proliferation of existing B cells rather than B cell immigration to the tissue. Our results indicate that the LGG strain has an immediate effect in the human gut in a subpopulation of individuals. In extension, our data strongly suggest that studies on in vivo probiotic effects in humans require large cohorts and must take individual variation into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jette Bornholdt
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Human Health Discovery, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Christa Broholm
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Human Health Discovery, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Yun Chen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Human Health Discovery, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Alfredo Rago
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Stine Sloth
- Gastro Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jakob Hendel
- Gastro Unit, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Christina V. Müller
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Maria Juul Nielsen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Jesper Strickertsson
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Human Health Discovery, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Lars Engelholm
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Finsen Laboratory, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Vitting-Seerup
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kim B. Jensen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology, DanStem, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,CONTACT Kim B. Jensen kim Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen NDK2200, Denmark
| | - Adam Baker
- Human Health Discovery, Hørsholm, Denmark,Adam Baker Human Health Discovery, Chr. Hansen A/S, Kogle Alle 6, Hørsholm2970, Denmark
| | - Albin Sandelin
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N, Denmark,Albin Sandelin The Bioinformatics Centre, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen NDK2200, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Aponte M, Murru N, Shoukat M. Therapeutic, Prophylactic, and Functional Use of Probiotics: A Current Perspective. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:562048. [PMID: 33042069 PMCID: PMC7516994 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.562048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are considered as the twenty-first century panpharmacon due to their competent remedial power to cure from gastrointestinal dysbiosis, systematic metabolic diseases, and genetic impairments up to complicated neurodegenerative disorders. They paved the way for an innovative managing of various severe diseases through palatable food products. The probiotics' role as a "bio-therapy" increased their significance in food and medicine due to many competitive advantages over traditional treatment therapies. Their prophylactic and therapeutic potential has been assessed through hundreds of preclinical and clinical studies. In addition, the food industry employs probiotics as functional and nutraceutical ingredients to enhance the added value of food product in terms of increased health benefits. However, regardless of promising health-boosting effects, the probiotics' efficacy still needs an in-depth understanding of systematic mechanisms and factors supporting the healthy actions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Aponte
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Murru
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mahtab Shoukat
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Khoruts
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Center for Immunology, BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Diane E Hoffmann
- University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Robert A Britton
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Alkek Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research, Dan Duncan Cancer Center Member, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee IC, van Swam II, Boeren S, Vervoort J, Meijerink M, Taverne N, Starrenburg M, Bron PA, Kleerebezem M. Lipoproteins Contribute to the Anti-inflammatory Capacity of Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1822. [PMID: 32849426 PMCID: PMC7403179 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial lipoproteins are well-recognized microorganism-associated molecular patterns, which interact with Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, an important pattern recognition receptor of the host innate immune system. Lipoproteins are conjugated with two- or three-acyl chains (di- or tri-acyl), which is essential for appropriate anchoring in the cell membrane as well as for the interaction with TLR2. Lipoproteins have mostly been studied in pathogens and have established roles in various biological processes, such as nutrient import, cell wall cross-linking and remodeling, and host-cell interaction. By contrast, information on the role of lipoproteins in the physiology and host interaction of probiotic bacteria is scarce. By deletion of lgt, encoding prolipoprotein diacylglyceryl transferase, responsible for lipidation of lipoprotein precursors, we investigated the roles of the collective group of lipoproteins in the physiology of the probiotic model strain Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 using proteomic analysis of secreted proteins. To investigate the consequences of the lgt mutation in host-cell interaction, the capacity of mutant and wild-type bacteria to stimulate TLR2 signaling and inflammatory responses was compared using (reporter-) cell-based models. These experiments exemplified the critical contribution of the acyl chains of lipoproteins in immunomodulation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that investigated collective lipoprotein functions in a model strain for probiotic lactobacilli, and we show that the lipoproteins in L. plantarum WCFS1 are critical drivers of anti-inflammatory host responses toward this strain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Chiao Lee
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,TiFN Food & Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,NIZO Food Research, Ede, Netherlands
| | - Iris I van Swam
- TiFN Food & Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,NIZO Food Research, Ede, Netherlands
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jacques Vervoort
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Meijerink
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Nico Taverne
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,TiFN Food & Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Peter A Bron
- TiFN Food & Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands.,NIZO Food Research, Ede, Netherlands
| | - Michiel Kleerebezem
- Host-Microbe Interactomics Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.,TiFN Food & Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ma J, Wang W, Sun C, Gu L, Liu Z, Yu W, Chen L, Jiang Z, Hou J. Effects of environmental stresses on the physiological characteristics, adhesion ability and pathogen adhesion inhibition of Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS 1.0328. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
32
|
Santos Monteiro S, Albertina Silva Beserra Y, Miguel Lisboa Oliveira H, Pasquali MADB. Production of Probiotic Passion Fruit ( Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) Drink Using Lactobacillus reuteri and Microencapsulation via Spray Drying. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030335. [PMID: 32178366 PMCID: PMC7143088 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic foods offer many benefits to human health, causing increased interest in the development of new food products that exploit such benefits. However, traditional dairy foods are being replaced by other non-dairy foods to provide additional sources of benefits provided by bioactive molecules. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to study the production process of a probiotic fruit drink and then microencapsulate the probiotic pulp to stabilize the drink further. Passion fruit pulp (Passiflora edulis Sims f. flavicarpa Deg.) was fermented with Lactobacillus reuteri under different temperature conditions in combination with different pHs to find the best fermentation conditions. Different from dairy sources, the optimal conditions for the growth of Lactobacillus reuteri in the passion fruit pulp were found to be 30 °C at pH 3.18, where phenolic compounds could also be used as a secondary metabolic pathway. Spray-drying was performed using different conditions for microencapsulation. Process yields and Lactobacillus reuteri survival showed the dependency of droplet sizes, whereas phenolic compound retention was increased when higher amounts of gelatin were used. Therefore, the development of a new food product comprising a powdered fruit pulp rich in probiotic and phenolic compounds was possible.
Collapse
|
33
|
Amor DR, Ratzke C, Gore J. Transient invaders can induce shifts between alternative stable states of microbial communities. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay8676. [PMID: 32128414 PMCID: PMC7030923 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay8676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Microbial dispersal often leads to the arrival of outsider organisms into ecosystems. When their arrival gives rise to successful invasions, outsider species establish within the resident community, which can markedly alter the ecosystem. Seemingly less influential, the potential impact of unsuccessful invaders that interact only transiently with the community has remained largely ignored. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that these transient invasions can induce a lasting transition to an alternative stable state, even when the invader species itself does not survive the transition. First, we develop a mechanistic understanding of how environmental changes caused by these transient invaders can drive a community shift in a simple, bistable model system. Beyond this, we show that transient invaders can also induce switches between stable states in more complex communities isolated from natural soil samples. Our results demonstrate that short-term interactions with an invader species can induce lasting shifts in community composition and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jeff Gore
- Corresponding author. (J.G.); (D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cheng J, Ouwehand AC. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Probiotics: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E132. [PMID: 31906573 PMCID: PMC7019778 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic is little known for its benefits on upper gastrointestinal health. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the efficacy of probiotics in alleviating the frequency and severity of symptoms in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in the general adult population. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for prospective studies on GERD, heartburn, regurgitation, and dyspepsia, without any limitation on sample size. The Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of randomized controlled trials. In total, 13 prospective studies that were published in 12 articles were included in the analysis and scored per the Jadad scale as high- (five studies), medium- (two), and low- (six) quality. One article reported on two probiotic groups; thus, 14 comparisons were included in the selected studies, of which 11 (79%) reported positive benefits of probiotics on symptoms of GERD. Five out of 11 positive outcomes (45%) noted benefits on reflux symptoms: three noted reduced regurgitation; improvements in reflux or heartburn were seen in one study; five (45%) saw improvements in dyspepsia symptoms; and nine (81%) saw improvements in other upper gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea (three studies), abdominal pain (five), and gas-related symptoms (four), such as belching, gurgling, and burping. In conclusion, probiotic use can be beneficial for GERD symptoms, such as regurgitation and heartburn. However, proper placebo-controlled, randomized, and double-blinded clinical trials with a sufficient number of participants are warranted to confirm its efficacy in alleviating these symptoms. Further, interventions with longer durations and an intermediate analysis of endpoints should be considered to determine the proper therapeutic window.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cheng
- DuPont Nutrition & Biosciences, Global Health & Nutrition Science, Danisco Sweeteners Oy, Sokeritehtaantie 20, FI-02460 Kantvik, Finland;
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wuyts S, Van Beeck W, Allonsius CN, van den Broek MF, Lebeer S. Applications of plant-based fermented foods and their microbes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 61:45-52. [PMID: 31733464 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant-based fermentations and their microbes provide an underexplored source for novel biotechnological applications. Recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies and analyses of sequencing data highlight that a diverse array of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) frequently dominate these plant fermentations. Because of the long history of safe LAB use in fermented foods, we argue here that various novel probiotic, synbiotic and a range of other industrial applications can be produced based on new insights in the functional and genetic potential of these LAB. To aid in this quest, comparative genomics tools are increasingly available enabling a more rational design of wet-lab experiments to screen for the most relevant properties. This is also true for the exploration of useful enzymatic and (secondary) metabolic production capacities of the LAB that can be isolated from these plant-based fermentations, such as the recent discovery of a cellulase enzyme in specific Lactobacillus plantarum group members.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sander Wuyts
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Camille Nina Allonsius
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fl van den Broek
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology (ENdEMIC), Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bioprospecting for Bioactive Peptide Production by Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Fermented Dairy Food. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation5040096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With rapidly ageing populations, the world is experiencing unsustainable healthcare from chronic diseases such as metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and cancer disorders. Healthy diet and lifestyle might contribute to prevent these diseases and potentially enhance health outcomes in patients during and after therapy. Fermented dairy foods (FDFs) found their origin concurrently with human civilization for increasing milk shelf-life and enhancing sensorial attributes. Although the probiotic concept has been developed more recently, FDFs, such as milks and yoghurt, have been unconsciously associated with health-promoting effects since ancient times. These health benefits rely not only on the occurrence of fermentation-associated live microbes (mainly lactic acid bacteria; LAB), but also on the pro-health molecules (PHMs) mostly derived from microbial conversion of food compounds. Therefore, there is a renaissance of interest toward traditional fermented food as a reservoir of novel microbes producing PHMs, and “hyperfoods” can be tailored to deliver these healthy molecules to humans. In FDFs, the main PHMs are bioactive peptides (BPs) released from milk proteins by microbial proteolysis. BPs display a pattern of biofunctions such as anti-hypertensive, antioxidant, immuno-modulatory, and anti-microbial activities. Here, we summarized the BPs most frequently encountered in dairy food and their biological activities; we reviewed the main studies exploring the potential of dairy microbiota to release BPs; and delineated the main effectors of the proteolytic LAB systems responsible for BPs release.
Collapse
|
37
|
Ni Y, Yang X, Zheng L, Wang Z, Wu L, Jiang J, Yang T, Ma L, Fu Z. Lactobacillus
and
Bifidobacterium
Improves Physiological Function and Cognitive Ability in Aged Mice by the Regulation of Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900603. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinhua Ni
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Xin Yang
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Liujie Zheng
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Lianxin Wu
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Jinlu Jiang
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Tianqi Yang
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Lingyan Ma
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| | - Zhengwei Fu
- College of Biotechnology and BioengineeringZhejiang University of Technology China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lenoir-Wijnkoop I, Merenstein D, Korchagina D, Broholm C, Sanders ME, Tancredi D. Probiotics Reduce Health Care Cost and Societal Impact of Flu-Like Respiratory Tract Infections in the USA: An Economic Modeling Study. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:980. [PMID: 31555138 PMCID: PMC6722238 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) of viral origin place a substantial burden on health care resources and society. Randomized controlled trials have shown positive effects of probiotics on clinical outcomes in these commonly occurring RTIs. Two meta-analyses published by the York Health Economics Consortium (YHEC) and Cochrane reported the efficacy of probiotics in reducing incidence and duration of RTIs, number of antibiotic courses, and days absent from work. The aim of this study was to assess the potential health-economic impact of probiotics on RTI-associated events and expenses in the US primary care setting. A state-transition microsimulation model reproduced a study population representative of the US national demographics for age and gender (1/1,000 sample). RTI incidence was based on the influenza-like illness outpatient consultation rate reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FluView. Data on vaccination, on factors that negatively impact RTI outcomes, on resource utilization, and on productivity loss were obtained from US national databases. Analyses were performed for both meta-analyses independently. Outcomes included cost savings for the health care payer, related to a reduced number of RTI episodes, less outpatient consultations, and decreased medical prescriptions as well as cost savings from a broader societal perspective related to productivity loss. The analysis showed that generalized probiotic intake in the US population for 2017-2018 would have allowed cost savings for the health care payer of 4.6 million USD based on the YHEC scenario and 373 million USD for the Cochrane scenario, by averting 19 million and 54.5 million RTI sick days, respectively, compared to no probiotics. Antibiotic prescriptions decreased with 1.39-2.16 million courses, whereas absence from work decreased by 3.58-4.2 million days when applying the YHEC and Cochrane data, respectively. When productivity loss is included, total savings for society represented 784 million or 1.4 billion USD for the YHEC and Cochrane scenarios, respectively. Subgroup analyses demonstrated an incremental benefit of probiotics in at-risk groups, which might be of relevance for targeted interventions. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the model outcomes. Our analysis demonstrated a positive impact of probiotics on the health care and economic burden of flu-like RTIs. Improved disease outcomes translated into considerable cost savings for both the payer and society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Merenstein
- Family Medicine Department, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Christa Broholm
- Chr. Hansen A/S, Human Health Innovation, Hoersholm, Denmark
| | | | - Dan Tancredi
- Department of Pediatrics and the Center for Healthcare Policy and Research, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang G, Huang W, Xia Y, Xiong Z, Ai L. Cholesterol-lowering potentials of Lactobacillus strain overexpression of bile salt hydrolase on high cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemic mice. Food Funct 2019; 10:1684-1695. [PMID: 30839966 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo02181c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. Supplementation with probiotics has been shown to contribute to improving lipid metabolism. The probiotic mechanisms of cholesterol reduction are complicated and remain unclear. One of the potential probiotic mechanisms for cholesterol reduction is the deconjugation of bile salts. We previously found a high bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity of Lactobacillus casei pWQH01 (overexpression of bsh1) and Lactobacillus plantarum AR113, but found no BSH activity for Lactobacillus casei LC2W in vitro. Therefore, we decided to investigate whether the high BSH activity of L. plantarum AR113 and L. casei pWQH01 could exert a cholesterol-reducing effect in vivo. Compared to the high-cholesterol diet (HCD) group, AR113 and pWQH01 groups had a significantly lower body weight (BW), serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and atherogenic index (AI), whereas the LC2W group had a poor capability to mitigate the blood lipid levels in the hypercholesterolemic mice. In addition, the AR113 and pWQH01 groups decreased the hepatic levels of TC and LDL-C and improved hepatic steatosis compared with the HCD group. To explore their cholesterol-lowering mechanisms of action, we determined the expression levels of these genes on the cholesterol metabolic pathways. AR113 and pWQH01 groups downregulated the expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and small heterodimer partner (SHP) genes, but upregulated the expression of the cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) gene in the liver. Simultaneously, the expression of cholesterol liver X receptor (LXR) and low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) genes was upregulated in the liver. These results indicated that L. plantarum AR113 and L. casei pWQH01 could inhibit the cholesterol absorption and accelerate the cholesterol transportation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Lactobacillus strain overexpression of bile salt hydrolase has beneficial effects against hypercholesterolemia by reducing cholesterol absorption and increasing cholesterol catabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangqiang Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Douillard FP, de Vos WM. Biotechnology of health-promoting bacteria. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107369. [PMID: 30876799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, there has been an increasing scientific and public interest in bacteria that may positively contribute to human gut health and well-being. This interest is reflected by the ever-increasing number of developed functional food products containing health-promoting bacteria and reaching the market place as well as by the growing revenue and profits of notably bacterial supplements worldwide. Traditionally, the origin of probiotic-marketed bacteria was limited to a rather small number of bacterial species that mostly belong to lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria. Intensifying research efforts on the human gut microbiome offered novel insights into the role of human gut microbiota in health and disease, while also providing a deep and increasingly comprehensive understanding of the bacterial communities present in this complex ecosystem and their interactions with the gut-liver-brain axis. This resulted in rational and systematic approaches to select novel health-promoting bacteria or to engineer existing bacteria with enhanced probiotic properties. In parallel, the field of gut microbiomics developed into a fertile framework for the identification, isolation and characterization of a phylogenetically diverse array of health-promoting bacterial species, also called next-generation therapeutic bacteria. The present review will address these developments with specific attention for the selection and improvement of a selected number of health-promoting bacterial species and strains that are extensively studied or hold promise for future food or pharma product development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- François P Douillard
- Department of Food Hygiene and Environmental Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Reid G, Gadir AA, Dhir R. Probiotics: Reiterating What They Are and What They Are Not. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:424. [PMID: 30930863 PMCID: PMC6425910 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been over seventeen years since the scientific definition of probiotics was crafted, along with guidelines ensuring the appropriate use of the term. This definition is now used globally, yet on a consistent basis scientists, media and industry misrepresent probiotics or make generalized statements that illustrate a misunderstanding of their utility and limitations. The rate of discovery of novel organisms with potentially therapeutic benefit for both human and environmental health is progressing at an unprecedented rate. However, the term “probiotic” is often misapplied to describe any microbe with plausible therapeutic utility in the human host. It is argued that strict compliance to the scientific definition of the term “probiotic” and avoidance of generalizations to the whole field of probiotics based upon studies of one product, will help advance the development and validation of microbial therapies, and applications to improve human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Reid
- Canadian R&D Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotics, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada.,Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Surgery, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Azza A Gadir
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Raja Dhir
- Seed, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Allonsius CN, Vandenheuvel D, Oerlemans EFM, Petrova MI, Donders GGG, Cos P, Delputte P, Lebeer S. Inhibition of Candida albicans morphogenesis by chitinase from Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2900. [PMID: 30814593 PMCID: PMC6393446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli have been evaluated as probiotics against Candida infections in several clinical trials, but with variable results. Predicting and understanding the clinical efficacy of Lactobacillus strains is hampered by an overall lack of insights into their modes of action. In this study, we aimed to unravel molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibitory effects of lactobacilli on hyphal morphogenesis, which is a crucial step in C. albicans virulence. Based on a screening of different Lactobacillus strains, we found that the closely related taxa L. rhamnosus, L. casei and L. paracasei showed stronger activity against Candida hyphae formation compared to other Lactobacillus species tested. By exploring the activity of purified compounds and mutants of the model strain L. rhamnosus GG, the major peptidoglycan hydrolase Msp1, conserved in the three closely related taxa, was identified as a key effector molecule. We could show that this activity of Msp1 was due to its ability to break down chitin, the main polymer in the hyphal cell wall of C. albicans. This identification of a Lactobacillus-specific protein with chitinase activity having anti-hyphal activity will assist in better strain selection and improved application in future clinical trials for Lactobacillus-based Candida-management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Nina Allonsius
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dieter Vandenheuvel
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eline F M Oerlemans
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Mariya I Petrova
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gilbert G G Donders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium.,Femicare Clinical Research for Women, Tienen, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Peter Delputte
- University of Antwerp, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|