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Levinson LH, Sun S, Paschall CJ, Perks KM, Weaver KE, Perlmutter SI, Ko AL, Ojemann JG, Herron JA. Data processing techniques impact quantification of cortico-cortical evoked potentials. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 408:110130. [PMID: 38653381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) are a common tool for probing effective connectivity in intracranial human electrophysiology. As with all human electrophysiology data, CCEP data are highly susceptible to noise. To address noise, filters and re-referencing are often applied to CCEP data, but different processing strategies are used from study to study. NEW METHOD We systematically compare how common average re-referencing and filtering CCEP data impacts quantification. RESULTS We show that common average re-referencing and filters, particularly filters that cut out more frequencies, can significantly impact the quantification of CCEP magnitude and morphology. We identify that high cutoff high pass filters (> 0.5 Hz), low cutoff low pass filters (< 200 Hz), and common average re-referencing impact quantification across subjects. However, we also demonstrate that the presence of noise may impact CCEP quantification, and preprocessing is necessary to mitigate this. We show that filtering is more effective than re-referencing or averaging across trials for reducing most common types of noise. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS These results suggest that existing CCEP processing methods must be applied with care to maximize noise reduction and minimize changes to the data. We do not test every available processing strategy; rather we demonstrate that processing can influence the results of CCEP studies. We emphasize the importance of reporting all processing methods, particularly re-referencing methods. CONCLUSIONS We propose a general framework for choosing an appropriate processing pipeline for CCEP data, taking into consideration the noise levels of a specific dataset. We suggest that minimal gentle filtering is preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- L H Levinson
- University of Washington Graduate Program in Neuroscience, 1959 NE Pacific Street, T-47, Seattle, WA 98195-7270, United States.
| | - S Sun
- University of Washington Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, United States
| | - C J Paschall
- University of Washington Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, Seattle, WA 98195-5061, United States
| | - K M Perks
- University of Washington Graduate Program in Neuroscience, 1959 NE Pacific Street, T-47, Seattle, WA 98195-7270, United States
| | - K E Weaver
- University of Washington Department of Radiology, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - S I Perlmutter
- University of Washington Department of Physiology and Biophysics, 1705 NE Pacific Street, HSB Room G424, Box 357290, Seattle, WA 98195-7290, United States
| | - A L Ko
- University of Washington Department of Neurological Surgery, Box 356470, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195-6470, United States
| | - J G Ojemann
- University of Washington Department of Neurological Surgery, Box 356470, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195-6470, United States
| | - J A Herron
- University of Washington Department of Neurological Surgery, Box 356470, 1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195-6470, United States
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2
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Schmid W, Danstrom IA, Crespo Echevarria M, Adkinson J, Mattar L, Banks GP, Sheth SA, Watrous AJ, Heilbronner SR, Bijanki KR, Alabastri A, Bartoli E. A biophysically constrained brain connectivity model based on stimulation-evoked potentials. J Neurosci Methods 2024; 405:110106. [PMID: 38453060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) is an established technique used to map functional effective connectivity networks in treatment-refractory epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial-electroencephalography monitoring. While the connectivity path between stimulation and recording sites has been explored through the integration of structural connectivity, there are substantial gaps, such that new modeling approaches may advance our understanding of connectivity derived from SPES studies. NEW METHOD Using intracranial electrophysiology data recorded from a single patient undergoing stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) evaluation, we employ an automated detection method to identify early response components, C1, from pulse-evoked potentials (PEPs) induced by SPES. C1 components were utilized for a novel topology optimization method, modeling 3D electrical conductivity to infer neural pathways from stimulation sites. Additionally, PEP features were compared with tractography metrics, and model results were analyzed with respect to anatomical features. RESULTS The proposed optimization model resolved conductivity paths with low error. Specific electrode contacts displaying high error correlated with anatomical complexities. The C1 component strongly correlated with additional PEP features and displayed stable, weak correlations with tractography measures. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHOD Existing methods for estimating neural signal pathways are imaging-based and thus rely on anatomical inferences. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that informing topology optimization methods with human intracranial SPES data is a feasible method for generating 3D conductivity maps linking electrical pathways with functional neural ensembles. PEP-estimated effective connectivity is correlated with but distinguished from structural connectivity. Modeled conductivity resolves connectivity pathways in the absence of anatomical priors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Schmid
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Isabel A Danstrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maria Crespo Echevarria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joshua Adkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Layth Mattar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Garrett P Banks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sameer A Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew J Watrous
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah R Heilbronner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kelly R Bijanki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
| | - Eleonora Bartoli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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3
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Toussaint B, Heinzle J, Stephan KE. A computationally informed distinction of interoception and exteroception. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105608. [PMID: 38432449 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
While interoception is of major neuroscientific interest, its precise definition and delineation from exteroception continue to be debated. Here, we propose a functional distinction between interoception and exteroception based on computational concepts of sensor-effector loops. Under this view, the classification of sensory inputs as serving interoception or exteroception depends on the sensor-effector loop they feed into, for the control of either bodily (physiological and biochemical) or environmental states. We explain the utility of this perspective by examining the perception of skin temperature, one of the most challenging cases for distinguishing between interoception and exteroception. Specifically, we propose conceptualising thermoception as inference about the thermal state of the body (including the skin), which is directly coupled to thermoregulatory processes. This functional view emphasises the coupling to regulation (control) as a defining property of perception (inference) and connects the definition of interoception to contemporary computational theories of brain-body interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birte Toussaint
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Jakob Heinzle
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas Enno Stephan
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich & ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
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4
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Mandonnet V, Obaid S, Descoteaux M, St-Onge E, Devaux B, Levé C, Froelich S, Rheault F, Mandonnet E. Electrostimulation of the white matter of the posterior insula and medial operculum: perception of vibrations, heat, and pain. Pain 2024; 165:565-572. [PMID: 37862047 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize the sensory responses observed when electrically stimulating the white matter surrounding the posterior insula and medial operculum (PIMO). We reviewed patients operated on under awake conditions for a glioma located in the temporoparietal junction. Patients' perceptions were retrieved from operative reports. Stimulation points were registered in the Montreal Neurological Institute template. A total of 12 stimulation points in 8 patients were analyzed. Painful sensations in the contralateral leg were reported (5 sites in 5 patients) when stimulating the white matter close to the parcel OP2/3 of the Glasser atlas. Pain had diverse qualities: burning, tingling, crushing, or electric shock. More laterally, in the white matter of OP1, pain and heat sensations in the upper part of the body were described (5 sites in 2 patients). Intermingled with these sites, vibration sensations were also reported (3 sites in 2 patients). Based on the tractograms of 44 subjects from the Human Connectome Project data set, we built a template of the pathways linking the thalamus to OP2/3 and OP1. Pain sites were located in the thalamo-OP2/3 and thalamo-OP1 tracts. Heat sites were located in the thalamo-OP1 tract. In the 227 awake surgeries performed for a tumor located outside of the PIMO region, no patients ever reported pain or heat sensations when stimulating the white matter. Thus, we propose that the thalamo-PIMO connections constitute the main cortical inputs for nociception and thermoception and emphasize that preserving these fibers is of utmost importance to prevent the postoperative onset of a debilitating insulo-opercular pain syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéry Mandonnet
- Frontlab, Paris Brain Institute, CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Paris, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sami Obaid
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Montreal Hospital Center (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Neurosciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Neuroscience Research Axis, University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Imeka Solutions, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Etienne St-Onge
- Neuroimaging and Surgical Technologies Laboratory (NIST), Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI), Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC, Canada
| | - Bertrand Devaux
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Levé
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Sébastien Froelich
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - François Rheault
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Emmanuel Mandonnet
- Frontlab, Paris Brain Institute, CNRS UMR 7225, INSERM U1127, Paris, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France
- Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France
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5
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Böttinger BW, Aggensteiner PM, Hohmann S, Heintz S, Ruf M, Glennon J, Holz NE, Banaschewski T, Brandeis D, Baumeister S. Exploring real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging neurofeedback in adolescents with disruptive behavior disorder and callous unemotional traits. J Affect Disord 2024; 345:32-42. [PMID: 37852585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents with increased callous unemotional traits (CU traits) in the context of disruptive behavior disorder (DBD) show a persistent pattern of antisocial behavior with shallow affect and a lack of empathy or remorse. The amygdala and insula as regions commonly associated with emotion processing, empathy and arousal are implicated in DBD with high CU traits. While behavioral therapies for DBD provide significant but small effects, individualized treatments targeting the implicated brain regions are missing. METHODS In this explorative randomized controlled trial we randomly assigned twenty-seven adolescents with DBD to individualized real-time functional magnetic resonance neurofeedback (rtfMRI-NF) or behavioral treatment as usual (TAU). Visual feedback of either amygdala or insula activity was provided during rtfMRI-NF by gauges and included a simple and concurrent video run plus a transfer run. A linear mixed model (LMM) was applied to determine improvement of self-regulation. Specificity was assessed by correlating individual self-regulation improvement with clinical outcomes. RESULTS The rtfMRI-NF (n = 11) and TAU (n = 10) completers showed comparable and significant clinical improvement indicating neither superiority nor inferiority of rtfMRI-NF. The exploratory LMM revealed successful learning of self-regulation along the course of training for participants who received feedback from the amygdala. A significant exploratory correlation between individual target region activity in the simple run and clinical improvement was found for one dimension of DBD. CONCLUSIONS This exploratory study demonstrated feasibility and suggests clinical efficacy of individualized rtfMRI-NF comparable to active TAU for adolescents with DBD and increased CU traits. Further studies are needed to confirm efficacy, specificity and to clarify underlying learning mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris W Böttinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Pascal-M Aggensteiner
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Heintz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias Ruf
- Department of Neuroimaging, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jeffrey Glennon
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nathalie E Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Donders Center for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department for Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Institute of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH, Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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6
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Bonosi L, Torrente A, Brighina F, Tito Petralia CC, Merlino P, Avallone C, Gulino V, Costanzo R, Brunasso L, Iacopino DG, Maugeri R. Corticocortical Evoked Potentials in Eloquent Brain Tumor Surgery. A Systematic Review. World Neurosurg 2024; 181:38-51. [PMID: 37832637 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Eloquent brain tumor surgery involves the delicate task of resecting tumors located in regions of the brain responsible for critical functions, such as language, motor control, and sensory perception. Preserving these functions is of paramount importance to maintain the patient's quality of life. Corticocortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) have emerged as a valuable intraoperative monitoring technique that aids in identifying and preserving eloquent cortical areas during surgery. This systematic review aimed to assess the utility of CCEPs in eloquent brain tumor surgery and determine their effectiveness in improving patient outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline and Scopus. The search strategy identified 11 relevant articles for detailed analysis. The findings of the included studies consistently demonstrated the potential of CCEPs in guiding surgical decision making, minimizing the risk of postoperative neurological deficits, and mapping functional connectivity during surgery. However, further research and standardization are needed to fully establish the clinical benefits and refine the implementation of CCEPs in routine neurosurgical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lapo Bonosi
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Angelo Torrente
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Cateno Concetto Tito Petralia
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pietro Merlino
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, Neurosurgery Clinic, Careggi University Hospital and University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Avallone
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Gulino
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Costanzo
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Lara Brunasso
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Gerardo Iacopino
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosario Maugeri
- Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in NeurologiSurgery, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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7
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Schmid W, Danstrom IA, Echevarria MC, Adkinson J, Mattar L, Banks GP, Sheth SA, Watrous AJ, Heilbronner SR, Bijanki KR, Alabastri A, Bartoli E. A biophysically constrained brain connectivity model based on stimulation-evoked potentials. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.03.565525. [PMID: 37986830 PMCID: PMC10659345 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.03.565525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) is an established technique used to map functional effective connectivity networks in treatment-refractory epilepsy patients undergoing intracranial-electroencephalography monitoring. While the connectivity path between stimulation and recording sites has been explored through the integration of structural connectivity, there are substantial gaps, such that new modeling approaches may advance our understanding of connectivity derived from SPES studies. New Method Using intracranial electrophysiology data recorded from a single patient undergoing sEEG evaluation, we employ an automated detection method to identify early response components, C1, from pulse-evoked potentials (PEPs) induced by SPES. C1 components were utilized for a novel topology optimization method, modeling 3D conductivity propagation from stimulation sites. Additionally, PEP features were compared with tractography metrics, and model results were analyzed with respect to anatomical features. Results The proposed optimization model resolved conductivity paths with low error. Specific electrode contacts displaying high error correlated with anatomical complexities. The C1 component strongly correlates with additional PEP features and displayed stable, weak correlations with tractography measures. Comparison with existing methods Existing methods for estimating conductivity propagation are imaging-based and thus rely on anatomical inferences. Conclusions These results demonstrate that informing topology optimization methods with human intracranial SPES data is a feasible method for generating 3D conductivity maps linking electrical pathways with functional neural ensembles. PEP-estimated effective connectivity is correlated with but distinguished from structural connectivity. Modeled conductivity resolves connectivity pathways in the absence of anatomical priors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Schmid
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, Texas, USA
| | - Isabel A. Danstrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Maria Crespo Echevarria
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Joshua Adkinson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Layth Mattar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Garrett P. Banks
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Sameer A. Sheth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew J. Watrous
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah R. Heilbronner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Kelly R. Bijanki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, 6100 Main Street, Houston 77005, Texas, USA
| | - Eleonora Bartoli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston 77030, Texas, USA
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8
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Zelmann R, Paulk AC, Tian F, Balanza Villegas GA, Dezha Peralta J, Crocker B, Cosgrove GR, Richardson RM, Williams ZM, Dougherty DD, Purdon PL, Cash SS. Differential cortical network engagement during states of un/consciousness in humans. Neuron 2023; 111:3479-3495.e6. [PMID: 37659409 PMCID: PMC10843836 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
What happens in the human brain when we are unconscious? Despite substantial work, we are still unsure which brain regions are involved and how they are impacted when consciousness is disrupted. Using intracranial recordings and direct electrical stimulation, we mapped global, network, and regional involvement during wake vs. arousable unconsciousness (sleep) vs. non-arousable unconsciousness (propofol-induced general anesthesia). Information integration and complex processing we`re reduced, while variability increased in any type of unconscious state. These changes were more pronounced during anesthesia than sleep and involved different cortical engagement. During sleep, changes were mostly uniformly distributed across the brain, whereas during anesthesia, the prefrontal cortex was the most disrupted, suggesting that the lack of arousability during anesthesia results not from just altered overall physiology but from a disconnection between the prefrontal and other brain areas. These findings provide direct evidence for different neural dynamics during loss of consciousness compared with loss of arousability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Zelmann
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Angelique C Paulk
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fangyun Tian
- Department of Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Britni Crocker
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - G Rees Cosgrove
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Mark Richardson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ziv M Williams
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Darin D Dougherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patrick L Purdon
- Department of Anesthesia, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sydney S Cash
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Center for Neurotechnology and Neurorecovery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Kinno R, Muragaki Y, Maruyama T, Tamura M, Ono K, Tanaka K, Sakai KL. Diffuse glioma-induced structural reorganization in close association with preexisting syntax-related networks. Cortex 2023; 167:283-302. [PMID: 37586138 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Glioma in the left frontal cortex has been reported to cause agrammatic comprehension and induce global functional connectivity alterations within the syntax-related networks. However, it remains unclear to what extent the structural reorganization is affected by preexisting syntax-related networks. We examined 28 patients with a diffuse glioma in the left hemisphere and 23 healthy participants. Syntactic abilities were assessed by a picture-sentence matching task with various sentence types. The lesion responsible for agrammatic comprehension was identified by region-of-interest-based lesion-symptom mapping (RLSM). Cortical structural alterations were examined by surface-based morphometry (SBM), in which the cortical thickness and fractal dimension were measured with three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fiber tracking on the human population-averaged diffusion MRI template was performed to examine whether the cortical structural alterations were associated with the syntax-related networks. The RLSM revealed associations between agrammatic comprehension and a glioma in the posterior limb of the left internal capsule. The SBM demonstrated that decreased cortical thickness and/or increased complexity of the right posterior insula were associated not only with agrammatic comprehension of the patients but also with the syntactic abilities of healthy participants. The fiber tracking revealed that the route between these two regions was anatomically integrated into the preexisting syntax-related networks previously identified. These results suggest a potential association between agrammatic comprehension in patients with diffuse glioma and structural variations in specific tracts and cortical regions, which may be closely related to the syntax-related networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Kinno
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Neurology, Department of Internal Medicine, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Muragaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manabu Tamura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kyohei Tanaka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi L Sakai
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Callara AL, Fontanelli L, Belcari I, Rho G, Greco A, Zelič Ž, Sebastiani L, Santarcangelo EL. Modulation of the heartbeat evoked cortical potential by hypnotizability and hypnosis. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14309. [PMID: 37070749 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Hypnotizability is a psychophysiological trait measured by scales and associated with several differences, including interoceptive accuracy and the morpho-functional characteristics of interoception-related brain regions. The aim of the study was to assess whether the amplitude of the heartbeat evoked cortical potential (HEP), a correlate of interoceptive accuracy, differs in participants with low (lows) and high (highs) hypnotizability scores (assessed by the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale, Form A) before and after the induction of hypnosis. ECG and EEG were monitored in 16 highs and 15 lows during an experimental session, including open eyes baseline (B), closed eyes relaxation (R), hypnotic induction (IND), neutral hypnosis (NH), and post session baseline (Post). No significant difference was observed between groups and conditions in autonomic variables. The HEP amplitude was lower in highs than in lows at the right parietal site, likely due to hypnotizability related differences in the functional connection between the right insula and parietal cortex. It increased in highs and decreased in lows across the session, possibly due to the highs' preeminently internally directed attention and to the lows' possible disengagement from the task. Since interoception is involved in several cognitive-emotional functions, its hypnotizability related differences may contribute to the variability of experience and behavior in daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Luis Callara
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fontanelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Iacopo Belcari
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Rho
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Greco
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Research Center "E. Piaggio", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Žan Zelič
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Sebastiani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrica L Santarcangelo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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11
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Picard F. Ecstatic or Mystical Experience through Epilepsy. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1372-1381. [PMID: 37432752 PMCID: PMC10513764 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Ecstatic epilepsy is a rare form of focal epilepsy, so named because the seizures' first symptoms consist of an ecstatic/mystical experience, including feelings of increased self-awareness, mental clarity, and "unity with everything that exists," accompanied by a sense of bliss and physical well-being. In this perspective article, we first describe the phenomenology of ecstatic seizures, address their historical context, and describe the primary brain structure involved in the genesis of these peculiar epileptic seizures, the anterior insula. In the second part of the article, we move onto the possible neurocognitive underpinnings of ecstatic seizures. We first remind the reader of the insula's role in interoceptive processing and consciously experienced feelings, contextualized by the theory of predictive coding. This leads us to hypothesize that temporary disruptions to activity in the anterior insula could interrupt the generation of interoceptive prediction errors, and cause one to experience the absence of uncertainty, and thereby, a sense of bliss. The absence of interoceptive prediction errors would in fact mimic perfect prediction of the body's physiological state. This sudden clarity of bodily perception could explain the ecstatic quality of the experience, as the interoceptive system forms the basis for unified conscious experience. Our alternative hypothesis is that the anterior insula plays an overarching role in the processing of surprise and that the dysfunction caused by the epileptic discharge could interrupt any surprise exceeding expectations, resulting in a sense of complete control and oneness with the environment.
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12
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Zelič Ž, Sebastiani L, Santarcangelo EL. Association of Hypnotizability, Interoception, and Emotion. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37363858 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2023.2226188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
The present scoping review reports the reciprocal relations between hypnotizability, interoception, and emotion. Brain morpho-functional differences may account for the lower interoceptive accuracy, higher interoceptive sensitivity, and different emotional strategies observed in highly hypnotizable participants with respect to medium-to-low hypnotizables. Since interoception is relevant to both physical and mental health and hypnotizability can predict both interoceptive abilities and the efficacy of interoception-based mental training, this allows for the development of new forms of treatment and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Žan Zelič
- Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Sebastiani
- Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrica Laura Santarcangelo
- Department of Translational Medicine and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
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13
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Miller KJ, Müller KR, Valencia GO, Huang H, Gregg NM, Worrell GA, Hermes D. Canonical Response Parameterization: Quantifying the structure of responses to single-pulse intracranial electrical brain stimulation. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011105. [PMID: 37228169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-pulse electrical stimulation in the nervous system, often called cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) measurement, is an important technique to understand how brain regions interact with one another. Voltages are measured from implanted electrodes in one brain area while stimulating another with brief current impulses separated by several seconds. Historically, researchers have tried to understand the significance of evoked voltage polyphasic deflections by visual inspection, but no general-purpose tool has emerged to understand their shapes or describe them mathematically. We describe and illustrate a new technique to parameterize brain stimulation data, where voltage response traces are projected into one another using a semi-normalized dot product. The length of timepoints from stimulation included in the dot product is varied to obtain a temporal profile of structural significance, and the peak of the profile uniquely identifies the duration of the response. Using linear kernel PCA, a canonical response shape is obtained over this duration, and then single-trial traces are parameterized as a projection of this canonical shape with a residual term. Such parameterization allows for dissimilar trace shapes from different brain areas to be directly compared by quantifying cross-projection magnitudes, response duration, canonical shape projection amplitudes, signal-to-noise ratios, explained variance, and statistical significance. Artifactual trials are automatically identified by outliers in sub-distributions of cross-projection magnitude, and rejected. This technique, which we call "Canonical Response Parameterization" (CRP) dramatically simplifies the study of CCEP shapes, and may also be applied in a wide range of other settings involving event-triggered data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai J Miller
- Dept of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Klaus-Robert Müller
- Google Research, Brain Team, Berlin, Germany
- Machine Learning Group, Department of Computer Science, Berlin Institute of Technology, Berlin, Germany
- Dept of Artificial Intelligence, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Max Planck Institute for Informatics, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Gabriela Ojeda Valencia
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Harvey Huang
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicholas M Gregg
- Dept of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Gregory A Worrell
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Dept of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Dora Hermes
- Dept of Biomedical Engineering & Physiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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14
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Li Z, Jiang C, Gao Q, Xiang W, Qi Z, Peng K, Lin J, Wang W, Deng B, Wang W. The relationship between the interictal epileptiform discharge source connectivity and cortical structural couplings in temporal lobe epilepsy. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1029732. [PMID: 36846133 PMCID: PMC9948620 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1029732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to explore the relation between interictal epileptiform discharge (IED) source connectivity and cortical structural couplings (SCs) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Methods High-resolution 3D-MRI and 32-sensor EEG data from 59 patients with TLE were collected. Principal component analysis was performed on the morphological data on MRI to obtain the cortical SCs. IEDs were labeled from EEG data and averaged. The standard low-resolution electromagnetic tomography analysis was performed to locate the source of the average IEDs. Phase-locked value was used to evaluate the IED source connectivity. Finally, correlation analysis was used to compare the IED source connectivity and the cortical SCs. Results The features of the cortical morphology in left and right TLE were similar across four cortical SCs, which could be mainly described as the default mode network, limbic regions, connections bilateral medial temporal, and connections through the ipsilateral insula. The IED source connectivity at the regions of interest was negatively correlated with the corresponding cortical SCs. Significance The cortical SCs were confirmed to be negatively related to IED source connectivity in patients with TLE as detected with MRI and EEG coregistered data. These findings suggest the important role of intervening IEDs in treating TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhensheng Li
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Che Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quwen Gao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijuan Qi
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kairun Peng
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingmei Deng
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China,Bingmei Deng ✉
| | - Weimin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Southern Theater Command, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Weimin Wang ✉
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15
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Li B, Zhang S, Li S, Liu K, Hou X. Aberrant resting-state regional activity in patients with postpartum depression. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 16:925543. [PMID: 36741780 PMCID: PMC9893784 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.925543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common disorder with corresponding cognitive impairments such as depressed mood, memory deficits, poor concentration, and declining executive functions, but little is known about its underlying neuropathology. Method A total of 28 patients with PPD and 29 healthy postpartum women were recruited. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scans were performed in the fourth week after delivery. Individual local activity of PPD patients was observed by regional homogeneity (ReHo) during resting state, and the ReHo value was computed as Kendall's coecient of concordance (KCC) and analyzed for differences between voxel groups. Correlations between ReHo values and clinical variables were also analyzed. Result Compared with healthy postpartum women, patients with PPD exhibited significantly higher ReHo values in the left precuneus and right hippocampus. ReHo value was significantly lower in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) and right insula. Furthermore, ReHo values within the dlPFC were negatively correlated with the Edinburgh PPD scale (EPDS) score. The functional connectivity (FC) of the right hippocampus to the left precuneus and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG) was stronger in patients with PPD than that in controls. Conclusion The present study provided evidence of aberrant regional functional activity and connectivity within brain regions in PPD, and it may contribute to further understanding of the neuropathology underlying PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Radiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Shufen Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyan Li
- Foreign Languages College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Radiology, The 960th Hospital of the PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoming Hou
- Department of Pediatrics, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Xiaoming Hou ✉
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16
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Qiao J, Jiang YT, Dai Y, Gong YB, Dai M, Liu YX, Dou ZL. Research on a real-time dynamic monitoring method for silent aspiration after stroke based on semisupervised deep learning: A protocol study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231183548. [PMID: 37434729 PMCID: PMC10331777 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231183548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to establish a real-time dynamic monitoring system for silent aspiration (SA) to provide evidence for the early diagnosis of and precise intervention for SA after stroke. Methods Multisource signals, including sound, nasal airflow, electromyographic, pressure and acceleration signals, will be obtained by multisource sensors during swallowing events. The extracted signals will be labeled according to videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSSs) and input into a special dataset. Then, a real-time dynamic monitoring model for SA will be built and trained based on semisupervised deep learning. Model optimization will be performed based on the mapping relationship between multisource signals and insula-centered cerebral cortex-brainstem functional connectivity through resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Finally, a real-time dynamic monitoring system for SA will be established, of which the sensitivity and specificity will be improved by clinical application. Results Multisource signals will be stably extracted by multisource sensors. Data from a total of 3200 swallows will be obtained from patients with SA, including 1200 labeled swallows from the nonaspiration category from VFSSs and 2000 unlabeled swallows. A significant difference in the multisource signals is expected to be found between the SA and nonaspiration groups. The features of labeled and pseudolabeled multisource signals will be extracted through semisupervised deep learning to establish a dynamic monitoring model for SA. Moreover, strong correlations are expected to be found between the Granger causality analysis (GCA) value (from the left middle frontal gyrus to the right anterior insula) and the laryngeal rise time (LRT). Finally, a dynamic monitoring system will be established based on the former model, by which SA can be identified precisely. Conclusion The study will establish a real-time dynamic monitoring system for SA with high sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and F1 score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Yuan-tong Jiang
- School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology
| | - Yong Dai
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yan-bin Gong
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Yan-xia Liu
- School of Software Engineering, South China University of Technology
| | - Zu-lin Dou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
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17
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Chen ZS. Hierarchical predictive coding in distributed pain circuits. Front Neural Circuits 2023; 17:1073537. [PMID: 36937818 PMCID: PMC10020379 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2023.1073537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Predictive coding is a computational theory on describing how the brain perceives and acts, which has been widely adopted in sensory processing and motor control. Nociceptive and pain processing involves a large and distributed network of circuits. However, it is still unknown whether this distributed network is completely decentralized or requires networkwide coordination. Multiple lines of evidence from human and animal studies have suggested that the cingulate cortex and insula cortex (cingulate-insula network) are two major hubs in mediating information from sensory afferents and spinothalamic inputs, whereas subregions of cingulate and insula cortices have distinct projections and functional roles. In this mini-review, we propose an updated hierarchical predictive coding framework for pain perception and discuss its related computational, algorithmic, and implementation issues. We suggest active inference as a generalized predictive coding algorithm, and hierarchically organized traveling waves of independent neural oscillations as a plausible brain mechanism to integrate bottom-up and top-down information across distributed pain circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Sage Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Neuroscience Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- Interdisciplinary Pain Research Program, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhe Sage Chen
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18
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Chilukuri AS, Awkwayena E, Abel TJ. Insulo-opercular stereoelectroencephalography exploration in children and young adults: Indications, techniques, and safety. Epilepsia Open 2022; 7:729-736. [PMID: 36161288 PMCID: PMC9712468 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sampling the insulo-opercular region with invasive recordings is crucial given the importance of this region in epileptic networks and a variety of electroclinical presentations. However, implantation of the insulo-opercular region via stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) is considered technically challenging given complex vascular and gray matter relationships in this region. We investigated the safety of insulo-opercular sEEG exploration in children and young adults using standard sEEG approaches: (1) orthogonal insulo-opercular (including the pseudo-orthogonal insulo-opercular approach) and (2) medial-lateral insular oblique approach. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study of 30 consecutive patients who underwent 33 sEEG implantations. All patients had drug-resistant focal epilepsy, were between the ages of 4 and 21, and were operated at one institution between January 2019 and March 2021. Medical records and neuroimaging were reviewed. Hemorrhage, infection, and other complications were considered as outcome variables. RESULTS A total of 519 electrodes were placed. Eighty-one were placed orthogonally into the temporal operculum, 53 orthogonally into the frontal operculum, and 19 obliquely into the insula. sEEG electrodes localized seizure onset to the insulo-opercular region in eight patients, leading to a resection three times, an ablation four times, and one peri-insular hemispherectomy. Of the 519 electrodes placed, none of them exhibited hemorrhage or serious complications. Of the 153 electrodes placed into the insula, none had any permanent deficits or complications and one had minor bleeding due to the electrode breaking. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that the orthogonal (including pseudo-orthogonal) and medial approaches to sampling the insula are safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emefa Awkwayena
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Taylor J. Abel
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA,Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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Qiao J, Wu ZM, Ye QP, Dai M, Dai Y, He ZT, Dou ZL. Characteristics of dysphagia among different lesion sites of stroke: A retrospective study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:944688. [PMID: 36090270 PMCID: PMC9449127 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.944688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to compare the characteristics of dysphagia among different lesion sites and explore the possible risk factors that are relevant to penetration and aspiration after stroke. Materials and methods Data on patients with post-stroke dysphagia were collected. Major measures of the videofluoroscopic swallowing study included pharyngeal transit duration (PTD), pharyngeal response duration (PRD), soft palate elevation duration (SED), stage transition duration (STD), hyoid bone anterior-horizontal displacement (HAD), hyoid bone superior-horizontal displacement (HSD), upper esophageal sphincter opening (UESO), Pharyngeal Residual Grade (PRG), and Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS). Included patients were divided into supratentorial (deep or lobar intracerebral) and infratentorial stroke groups. The Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman’s correlation analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to test the difference and the correlation between those measures. Time-to-event endpoints (oral feeding) were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method. Results A total of 75 patients were included in this study. Significant differences were demonstrated in PTD, PRD, SED, STD, HAD, HSD, UESO, PAS, and PRG between supratentorial and infratentorial stroke groups (p < 0.05). The PRG score of the lobar intracerebral subgroup was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the deep intracerebral and lobar + deep intracerebral stroke subgroups, while HSD was significantly shorter (p < 0.01). Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that PAS was related to PTD, PRG, HAD, and UESO (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that HAD and PRG may be risk factors for penetration and aspiration (p < 0.05). Kaplan–Meier survival plot showed that there was a significant difference in time to oral feeding between supratentorial and infratentorial stroke groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion Infratentorial stroke may lead to worse swallowing function as compared with supratentorial stroke, and lobar intracerebral stroke may be worse than deep intracerebral stroke. Suitable preventive measures may be considered for patients with higher PRG scores and shorter HSD to avoid penetration and aspiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Qiao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-min Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-ping Ye
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Dai
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Dai
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-tong He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zu-lin Dou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zu-lin Dou,
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20
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Chamard C, Maller JJ, Menjot N, Debourdeau E, Nael V, Ritchie K, Carriere I, Daien V. Association Between Vision and Brain Cortical Thickness in a Community-Dwelling Elderly Cohort. Eye Brain 2022; 14:71-82. [PMID: 35859801 PMCID: PMC9292457 DOI: 10.2147/eb.s358384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Visual impairment is a major cause of disability and impairment of cognitive function in older people. Brain structural changes associated with visual function impairment are not well understood. The objective of this study was to assess the association between visual function and cortical thickness in older adults. Methods Participants were selected from the French population-based ESPRIT cohort of 2259 community-dwelling adults ≥65 years old enrolled between 1999 and 2001. We considered visual function and brain MRI images at the 12-year follow-up in participants who were right-handed and free of dementia and/or stroke, randomly selected from the whole cohort. High-resolution structural T1-weighted brain scans acquired with a 3-Tesla scanner. Regional reconstruction and segmentation involved using the FreeSurfer image-analysis suite. Results A total of 215 participants were included (mean [SD] age 81.8 [3.7] years; 53.0% women): 30 (14.0%) had central vision loss and 185 (86.0%) normal central vision. Vision loss was associated with thinner cortical thickness in the right insula (within the lateral sulcus of the brain) as compared with the control group (mean thickness 2.38 [0.04] vs 2.50 [0.03] mm, 4.8% thinning, pcorrected= 0.04) after adjustment for age, sex, lifetime depression and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The present study describes a significant thinning of the right insular cortex in older adults with vision loss. The insula subserves a wide variety of functions in humans ranging from sensory and affective processing to high-level cognitive processing. Reduced insula thickness associated with vision loss may increase cognitive burden in the ageing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Chamard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France
| | - Jerome J Maller
- General Electric Healthcare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Monash Alfred Psychiatry Research Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicolas Menjot
- Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France
| | - Eloi Debourdeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France
| | - Virginie Nael
- Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR 1219, University Bordeaux, INSERM, Bordeaux, F-33000, France
| | - Karen Ritchie
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France.,Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Isabelle Carriere
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France
| | - Vincent Daien
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, F-34000, France.,Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier INM, University Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, F-34091, France.,The Save Sight Institute, Sydney Medical School, the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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21
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Fan J, Liu W, Xia J, Gao F, Meng C, Han Y, Zhou H, Yi J, Tan C, Zhu X. Childhood trauma is associated with social anhedonia and brain gray matter volume differences in healthy subjects. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1964-1972. [PMID: 35819706 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the effects of childhood trauma (CT) on trait social anhedonia (SA) and on gray matter volume (GMV) and explored the possible relationships among CT, SA and brain GMV. Forty-three healthy individuals with experience of moderate-to-severe CT and sixty-eight individuals with no or low CT participated in the present study. Trait SA was evaluated using the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. GMV was measured using voxel-based morphometry. Participants with moderate-to-severe CT had elevated trait SA, as well as brain volumetric differences in left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), left precuneus, right insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus extending into middle temporal gyrus relative to participants with no or low level of CT. CT was also found to be positively correlated with GMV in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral precuneus. Partial mediation effect of GMV in left IPL and right DLPFC on the relationship between CT and trait SA was significant. These findings suggest that CT may have effects on trait SA and on GMV of widespread brain regions. GMV differences in DLPFC and left IPL may mediate the effect of CT on trait SA, although this needs to be verified by future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Chuyi Meng
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Han
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jinyao Yi
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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22
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Ley M, Peláez N, Principe A, Langohr K, Zucca R, Rocamora R. Validation of direct cortical stimulation in presurgical evaluation of epilepsy. Clin Neurophysiol 2022; 137:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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23
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Frot M, Mauguière F, Garcia-Larrea L. Insular Dichotomy in the Implicit Detection of Emotions in Human Faces. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4215-4228. [PMID: 35029677 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional roles of the insula diverge between its posterior portion (PI), mainly connected with somato-sensory and motor areas, and its anterior section (AI) connected with the frontal, limbic, and cingulate regions. We report intracranial recordings of local field evoked potentials from PI, AI, and the visual fusiform gyrus to a full array of emotional faces including pain while the individuals' attention was diverted from emotions. The fusiform gyrus and PI responded equally to all types of faces, including neutrals. Conversely, the AI responded only to emotional faces, maximally to pain and fear, while remaining insensitive to neutrals. The two insular sectors reacted with almost identical latency suggesting their parallel initial activation via distinct functional routes. The consistent responses to all emotions, together with the absence of response to neutral faces, suggest that early responses in the AI reflect the immediate arousal value and behavioral relevance of emotional stimuli, which may be subserved by "fast track" routes conveying coarse-spatial-frequency information via the superior colliculus and dorsal pulvinar. Such responses precede the conscious detection of the stimulus' precise signification and valence, which need network interaction and information exchange with other brain areas, for which the AI is an essentialhub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Frot
- Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Lab-Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard, Bron 69677, France
| | - François Mauguière
- Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Lab-Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard, Bron 69677, France
| | - Luis Garcia-Larrea
- Central Integration of Pain (NeuroPain) Lab-Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Université Claude Bernard, Bron 69677, France
- Centre d'Evaluation et de Traitement de la Douleur, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 69003, France
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24
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Nencha U, Spinelli L, Vulliemoz S, Seeck M, Picard F. Insular Stimulation Produces Mental Clarity and Bliss. Ann Neurol 2021; 91:289-292. [PMID: 34877703 PMCID: PMC9300149 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, an ecstatic aura has been evoked through the electrical stimulation of the dorsal anterior insula during presurgical invasive intracerebral monitoring in a patient who did not suffer from an ecstatic form of epilepsy. This case provides more evidence that the anterior insula is the major generator of such a mystical‐type experience even in individuals with no underlying brain network changes related to a preexisting ecstatic epilepsy. ANN NEUROL 2022;91:289–292
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Nencha
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Spinelli
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Vulliemoz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Margitta Seeck
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Picard
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital and Medical School of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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25
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Rachidi I, Minotti L, Martin G, Hoffmann D, Bastin J, David O, Kahane P. The Insula: A Stimulating Island of the Brain. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1533. [PMID: 34827532 PMCID: PMC8615692 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct cortical stimulation (DCS) in epilepsy surgery patients has a long history of functional brain mapping and seizure triggering. Here, we review its findings when applied to the insula in order to map the insular functions, evaluate its local and distant connections, and trigger seizures. Clinical responses to insular DCS are frequent and diverse, showing a partial segregation with spatial overlap, including a posterior somatosensory, auditory, and vestibular part, a central olfactory-gustatory region, and an anterior visceral and cognitive-emotional portion. The study of cortico-cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) has shown that the anterior (resp. posterior) insula has a higher connectivity rate with itself than with the posterior (resp. anterior) insula, and that both the anterior and posterior insula are closely connected, notably between the homologous insular subdivisions. All insular gyri show extensive and complex ipsilateral and contralateral extra-insular connections, more anteriorly for the anterior insula and more posteriorly for the posterior insula. As a rule, CCEPs propagate first and with a higher probability around the insular DCS site, then to the homologous region, and later to more distal regions with fast cortico-cortical axonal conduction delays. Seizures elicited by insular DCS have rarely been specifically studied, but their rate does not seem to differ from those of other DCS studies. They are mainly provoked from the insular seizure onset zone but can also be triggered by stimulating intra- and extra-insular early propagation zones. Overall, in line with the neuroimaging studies, insular DCS studies converge on the view that the insula is a multimodal functional hub with a fast propagation of information, whose organization helps understand where insular seizures start and how they propagate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Rachidi
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.M.); (G.M.); (D.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Lorella Minotti
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.M.); (G.M.); (D.H.); (P.K.)
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France; (J.B.); (O.D.)
| | - Guillaume Martin
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.M.); (G.M.); (D.H.); (P.K.)
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France; (J.B.); (O.D.)
| | - Dominique Hoffmann
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.M.); (G.M.); (D.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Julien Bastin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France; (J.B.); (O.D.)
| | - Olivier David
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France; (J.B.); (O.D.)
| | - Philippe Kahane
- CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; (L.M.); (G.M.); (D.H.); (P.K.)
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, 38000 Grenoble, France; (J.B.); (O.D.)
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26
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Taylor KN, Joshi AA, Hirfanoglu T, Grinenko O, Liu P, Wang X, Gonzalez‐Martinez JA, Leahy RM, Mosher JC, Nair DR. Validation of semi-automated anatomically labeled SEEG contacts in a brain atlas for mapping connectivity in focal epilepsy. Epilepsia Open 2021; 6:493-503. [PMID: 34033267 PMCID: PMC8408609 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stereotactic electroencephalography (SEEG) has been widely used to explore the epileptic network and localize the epileptic zone in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. Accurate anatomical labeling of SEEG electrode contacts is critically important for correctly interpreting epileptic activity. We present a method for automatically assigning anatomical labels to SEEG electrode contacts using a 3D-segmented cortex and coregistered postoperative CT images. METHOD Stereotactic electroencephalography electrode contacts were spatially localized relative to the brain volume using a standard clinical procedure. Each contact was then assigned an anatomical label by clinical epilepsy fellows. Separately, each contact was automatically labeled by coregistering the subject's MRI to the USCBrain atlas using the BrainSuite software and assigning labels from the atlas based on contact locations. The results of both labeling methods were then compared, and a subsequent vetting of the anatomical labels was performed by expert review. RESULTS Anatomical labeling agreement between the two methods for over 17 000 SEEG contacts was 82%. This agreement was consistent in patients with and without previous surgery (P = .852). Expert review of contacts in disagreement between the two methods resulted in agreement with the atlas based over manual labels in 48% of cases, agreement with manual over atlas-based labels in 36% of cases, and disagreement with both methods in 16% of cases. Labels deemed incorrect by the expert review were then categorized as either in a region directly adjacent to the correct label or as a gross error, revealing a lower likelihood of gross error from the automated method. SIGNIFICANCE The method for semi-automated atlas-based anatomical labeling we describe here demonstrates potential to assist clinical workflow by reducing both analysis time and the likelihood of gross anatomical error. Additionally, it provides a convenient means of intersubject analysis by standardizing the anatomical labels applied to SEEG contact locations across subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anand A. Joshi
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Tugba Hirfanoglu
- Epilepsy CenterNeurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyGazi University School of MedicineAnkaraTurkey
| | | | - Ping Liu
- Epilepsy CenterNeurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Epilepsy CenterNeurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
| | - Jorge A. Gonzalez‐Martinez
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Epilepsy CenterUniversity of Pittsburgh Medical CenterPittsburghPAUSA
| | - Richard M. Leahy
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - John C. Mosher
- Department of NeurologyMcGovern Medical SchoolUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTXUSA
| | - Dileep R. Nair
- Epilepsy CenterNeurological InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA
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27
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Sellers KK, Chung JE, Zhou J, Triplett MG, Dawes HE, Haque R, Chang EF. Thin-film microfabrication and intraoperative testing of µECoG and iEEG depth arrays for sense and stimulation. J Neural Eng 2021; 18:10.1088/1741-2552/ac1984. [PMID: 34330113 PMCID: PMC10495194 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Intracranial neural recordings and electrical stimulation are tools used in an increasing range of applications, including intraoperative clinical mapping and monitoring, therapeutic neuromodulation, and brain computer interface control and feedback. However, many of these applications suffer from a lack of spatial specificity and localization, both in terms of sensed neural signal and applied stimulation. This stems from limited manufacturing processes of commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) arrays unable to accommodate increased channel density, higher channel count, and smaller contact size.Approach.Here, we describe a manufacturing and assembly approach using thin-film microfabrication for 32-channel high density subdural micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) surface arrays (contacts 1.2 mm diameter, 2 mm pitch) and intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG) depth arrays (contacts 0.5 mm × 1.5 mm, pitch 0.8 mm × 2.5 mm). Crucially, we tackle the translational hurdle and test these arrays during intraoperative studies conducted in four humans under regulatory approval.Main results.We demonstrate that the higher-density contacts provide additional unique information across the recording span compared to the density of COTS arrays which typically have electrode pitch of 8 mm or greater; 4 mm in case of specially ordered arrays. Our intracranial stimulation study results reveal that refined spatial targeting of stimulation elicits evoked potentials with differing spatial spread.Significance.Thin-film,μECoG and iEEG depth arrays offer a promising substrate for advancing a number of clinical and research applications reliant on high-resolution neural sensing and intracranial stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin K Sellers
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jason E Chung
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jenny Zhou
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Michael G Triplett
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Heather E Dawes
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
| | - Razi Haque
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Edward F Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
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28
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Sun K, Wang H, Bai Y, Zhou W, Wang L. MRIES: A Matlab Toolbox for Mapping the Responses to Intracranial Electrical Stimulation. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:652841. [PMID: 34194294 PMCID: PMC8236813 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.652841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Propose Directed cortical responses to intracranial electrical stimulation are a good standard for mapping inter-regional direct connectivity. Cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP), elicited by single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES), has been widely used to map the normal and abnormal brain effective network. However, automated processing of CCEP datasets and visualization of connectivity results remain challenging for researchers and clinicians. In this study, we develop a Matlab toolbox named MRIES (Mapping the Responses to Intracranial Electrical Stimulation) to automatically process CCEP data and visualize the connectivity results. Method The MRIES integrates the processing pipeline of the CCEP datasets and various methods for connectivity calculation based on low- and high-frequency signals with stimulation artifacts removed. The connectivity matrices are saved in different folders for visualization. Different visualization patterns (connectivity matrix, circle map, surface map, and volume map) are also integrated to the graphical user interface (GUI), which makes it easy to intuitively display and compare different connectivity measurements. Furthermore, one sample CCEP data set collected from eight epilepsy patients is used to validate the MRIES toolbox. Result We show the GUI and visualization functions of MRIES using one example CCEP data that has been described in a complete tutorial. We applied this toolbox to the sample CCEP data set to investigate the direct connectivity between the medial temporal lobe and the insular cortex. We find bidirectional connectivity between MTL and insular that are consistent with the findings of previous studies. Conclusion MRIES has a friendly GUI and integrates the full processing pipeline of CCEP data and various visualization methods. The MRIES toolbox, tutorial, and example data can be freely downloaded. As an open-source package, MRIES is expected to improve the reproducibility of CCEP findings and facilitate clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaijia Sun
- School of Systems Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Haixiang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxian Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- Epilepsy Center, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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29
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Li W, Jiang Y, Qin Y, Zhou B, Lei D, Zhang H, Lei D, Yao D, Luo C, Gong Q, Zhou D, An D. Structural and functional reorganization of contralateral hippocampus after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 31:102714. [PMID: 34102537 PMCID: PMC8187253 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Postoperative changes of contralateral hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy. No obvious hippocampal volume change was observed after successful surgery. Surgical manipulation may lead to a transient functional connectivity reduction. Increased functional connectivity mostly involved bilateral frontal regions.
Objective To explore the structural and functional reorganization of contralateral hippocampus in patients with unilateral mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE) who achieved seizure-freedom after anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL). Methods We obtained high-resolution structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI data in 28 unilateral mTLE patients and 29 healthy controls. Patients were scanned before and three and 24 months after surgery while controls were scanned only once. Hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity (FC) were assessed. Results No obvious GMV changes were observed in contralateral hippocampus before and after successful surgery. Before surgery, ipsilateral hippocampus showed increased FC with ipsilateral insula (INS) and temporoparietal junction (TPJ), but decreased FC with widespread bilateral regions, as well as contralateral hippocampus. After successful ATL, contralateral hippocampus showed: (1) decreased FC with ipsilateral INS at three months follow-up, without further changes; (2) decreased FC with ipsilateral TPJ, postcentral gyrus and rolandic operculum at three months, with an obvious increase at 24 months follow-up; (3) increased FC with bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and superior frontal gyrus (SFG) at three months follow-up, without further changes. Conclusions Successful ATL may not lead to an obvious structural reorganization in contralateral hippocampus. Surgical manipulation may lead to a transient FC reduction of contralateral hippocampus. Increased FC between contralateral hippocampus and bilateral MPFC and SFG may be related to postoperative functional remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuchao Jiang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingjie Qin
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baiwan Zhou
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Du Lei
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ding Lei
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Huaxi MR Research Center, Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dong Zhou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dongmei An
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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30
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Shi K, Pang X, Wang Y, Li C, Long Q, Zheng J. Altered interhemispheric functional homotopy and connectivity in temporal lobe epilepsy based on fMRI and multivariate pattern analysis. Neuroradiology 2021; 63:1873-1882. [PMID: 33938990 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate how the functional homotopy and further functional connectivity (FC) of whole brain changed in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). We also evaluated which brain regions played a decisive role in classification by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS Patients with TLE and matched healthy controls were included to collect the fMRI data and perform the voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and FC analyses. The correlation between the changed functional homotopy and neuropsychology tests was examined. Based on VMHC, the weight of each region in the classification was obtained using multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA). RESULTS The patients exhibited decreased functional coordination in the bilateral inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) and increased functional homotopy in the bilateral lingual gyrus compared with the control group in the VMHC analysis. Compared with healthy controls, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment score was lower, and the scores of Hamilton Anxiety (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scales were higher. The score of the HAMA Scale was positively correlated with the altered bilateral ITG. The FC analysis revealed increased connections between the right lingual gyrus and the left superior temporal gyrus/left insula. The MVPA showed that the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of classification were 68.49, 66.67 and 70.27%, respectively, and it confirmed that the temporal lobe, cerebellum, and parietal lobe provided significant contributions. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrated that the VMHC and FC changed in TLE, and the alterations were correlated with the anxiety state. The MVPA indicated that the abnormal VMHC was a crucial fMRI feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Shi
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaomin Pang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yiling Wang
- Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qijia Long
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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31
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Jia Z, Yu S, Tang W, Zhao D. Altered functional connectivity of the insula in a rat model of recurrent headache. Mol Pain 2021; 16:1744806920922115. [PMID: 32338132 PMCID: PMC7227144 DOI: 10.1177/1744806920922115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a pain disorder accompanied by various symptoms. The insula, a “cortical hub,” is involved in many functions. Few studies have focused on the insula in migraine. We explored the resting-state functional connectivity between the insula and other brain areas in rats subjected to repeated meningeal nociception which was commonly used as animal model of migraine. Inflammatory soup was infused through supradural catheters in conscious rats. The rats were subdivided based on the frequency of the inflammatory soup infusions. Magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired on rats 21 days after inflammatory soup infusion and functional connectivity seeded on the insula was analyzed. In the low-frequency inflammatory soup group, magnetic resonance imaging was performed again 1 h after the glyceryl trinitrate injection following baseline scanning. The cerebellum showed increased functional connectivity with the insula in the inflammatory soup groups. The insula showed increased functional connectivity with the medulla and thalamus in the ictal period in the low-frequency inflammatory soup rats. In the high-frequency inflammatory soup group, several areas showed increased functional connectivity with the insula, including the pons, midbrain, thalamus, temporal association cortex, and retrosplenial, visual, and sensory cortices. Our findings support the hypothesis that the headache phase of migraine depends on the activation and sensitization of the trigeminovascular system, and that the chronification of migraine may be related to higher brain centers and limbic cortices. The insula may be a new target for treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Jia
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People' Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shengyuan Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People' Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People' Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Dengfa Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA (People' Liberation Army) General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
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Almairac F, Deverdun J, Cochereau J, Coget A, Lemaitre AL, Moritz-Gasser S, Duffau H, Herbet G. Homotopic redistribution of functional connectivity in insula-centered diffuse low-grade glioma. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 29:102571. [PMID: 33508623 PMCID: PMC7840474 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the event of neural injury, the homologous contralateral brain areas may play a compensatory role to avoid or limit the functional loss. However, this dynamic strategy of functional redistribution is not clearly established, especially in the pathophysiological context of diffuse low-grade glioma. Our aim here was to assess the extent to which unilateral tumor infiltration of the insula dynamically modulates the functional connectivity of the contralesional one. METHODS Using resting-state functional connectivity MRI, a seed-to-ROI approach was employed in 52 insula-centered glioma patients (n = 30 left and 22 right) compared with 19 age-matched healthy controls. RESULTS Unsurprisingly, a significant decrease of the inter-insular connectivity was observed in both patient groups. More importantly, the analyses revealed a significant increase of the contralesional insular connectivity towards both cerebral hemispheres, especially in cortical areas forming the visual and the sensorimotor networks. This functional redistribution was not identified when the analyses were performed on three control regions for which the homologous area was not impaired by the tumor. This overall pattern of results indicates that massive infiltration of the insular cortex causes a significant redeployment of the contralesional functional connectivity. CONCLUSION This general finding suggests that the undamaged insula plays a role in the functional compensation usually observed in this patient population, and thus provides compelling support for the concept of homotopic functional plasticity in brain-damaged patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Almairac
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pasteur 2 Hospital, Nice University Medical Center, Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Jeremy Deverdun
- I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France; Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Cochereau
- Department of Neurosurgery, La Miletrie Hospital, Poitiers University Medical Center, Poitiers, France; Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM 1191, University of Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Arthur Coget
- I2FH, Institut d'Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France; Department of Neuroradiology, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Laure Lemaitre
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Moritz-Gasser
- Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM 1191, University of Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM 1191, University of Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- Institute of Functional Genomics, INSERM 1191, University of Montpellier, France; University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France.
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Kamali G, Smith RJ, Hays M, Coogan C, Crone NE, Kang JY, Sarma SV. Transfer Function Models for the Localization of Seizure Onset Zone From Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potentials. Front Neurol 2020; 11:579961. [PMID: 33362689 PMCID: PMC7758451 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.579961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical resection of the seizure onset zone (SOZ) could potentially lead to seizure-freedom in medically refractory epilepsy patients. However, localizing the SOZ can be a time consuming and tedious process involving visual inspection of intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings captured during passive patient monitoring. Cortical stimulation is currently performed on patients undergoing invasive EEG monitoring for the main purpose of mapping functional brain networks such as language and motor networks. We hypothesized that evoked responses from single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES) can also be used to localize the SOZ as they may express the natural frequencies and connectivity of the iEEG network. To test our hypothesis, we constructed patient specific transfer function models from the evoked responses recorded from 22 epilepsy patients that underwent SPES evaluation and iEEG monitoring. We then computed the frequency and connectivity dependent “peak gain” of the system as measured by the H∞ norm from systems theory. We found that in cases for which clinicians had high confidence in localizing the SOZ, the highest peak gain transfer functions with the smallest “floor gain” (gain at which the dipped H∞ 3dB below DC gain) corresponded to when the clinically annotated SOZ and early spread regions were stimulated. In more complex cases, there was a large spread of the peak-to-floor (PF) ratios when the clinically annotated SOZ was stimulated. Interestingly for patients who had successful surgeries, our ratio of gains, agreed with clinical localization, no matter the complexity of the case. For patients with failed surgeries, the PF ratio did not match clinical annotations. Our findings suggest that transfer function gains and their corresponding frequency responses computed from SPES evoked responses may improve SOZ localization and thus surgical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnoosh Kamali
- Neuromedical Control Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute of Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rachel June Smith
- Neuromedical Control Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark Hays
- Cognitive Research, Online Neuroengineering and Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Christopher Coogan
- Cognitive Research, Online Neuroengineering and Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology-Epilepsy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nathan E Crone
- Cognitive Research, Online Neuroengineering and Electrophysiology Laboratory, Department of Neurology-Epilepsy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joon Y Kang
- Department of Neurology-Epilepsy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Sridevi V Sarma
- Neuromedical Control Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Institute of Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Neuromedical Control Systems Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Mitsuhashi T, Sonoda M, Jeong JW, Silverstein BH, Iwaki H, Luat AF, Sood S, Asano E. Four-dimensional tractography animates propagations of neural activation via distinct interhemispheric pathways. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 132:520-529. [PMID: 33450573 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To visualize and validate the dynamics of interhemispheric neural propagations induced by single-pulse electrical stimulation (SPES). METHODS This methodological study included three patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy who underwent measurement of cortico-cortical spectral responses (CCSRs) during bilateral stereo-electroencephalography recording. We delivered SPES to 83 electrode pairs and analyzed CCSRs recorded at 268 nonepileptic electrode sites. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) tractography localized the interhemispheric white matter pathways as streamlines directly connecting two electrode sites. We localized and visualized the putative SPES-related fiber activation, at each 1-ms time window, based on the propagation velocity defined as the DWI-based streamline length divided by the early CCSR peak latency. RESULTS The resulting movie, herein referred to as four-dimensional tractography, delineated the spatiotemporal dynamics of fiber activation via the corpus callosum and anterior commissure. Longer streamline length was associated with delayed peak latency and smaller amplitude of CCSRs. The cortical regions adjacent to each fiber activation site indeed exhibited CCSRs at the same time window. CONCLUSIONS Our four-dimensional tractography successfully animated neural propagations via distinct interhemispheric pathways. SIGNIFICANCE Our novel animation method has the potential to help investigators in addressing the mechanistic significance of the interhemispheric network dynamics supporting physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Mitsuhashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 1138421, Japan
| | - Masaki Sonoda
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, 2360004, Japan
| | - Jeong-Won Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Brian H Silverstein
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Hirotaka Iwaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Epileptology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 9808575, Japan
| | - Aimee F Luat
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sandeep Sood
- Department of Neurosurgery, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Kotila A, Järvelä M, Korhonen V, Loukusa S, Hurtig T, Ebeling H, Kiviniemi V, Raatikainen V. Atypical Inter-Network Deactivation Associated With the Posterior Default-Mode Network in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Autism Res 2020; 14:248-264. [PMID: 33206471 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that atypical deactivation of functional brain networks contributes to the complex cognitive and behavioral profile associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, these studies have not considered the temporal dynamics of deactivation mechanisms between the networks. In this study, we examined (a) mutual deactivation and (b) mutual activation-deactivation (i.e., anticorrelated) time-lag patterns between resting-state networks (RSNs) in young adults with ASD (n = 20) and controls (n = 20) by applying the recently defined dynamic lag analysis (DLA) method, which measures time-lag variations peak-by-peak between the networks. In order to achieve temporally accurate lag patterns, the brain imaging data was acquired with a fast functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sequence (TR = 100 ms). Group-level independent component analysis was used to identify 16 RSNs for the DLA. We found altered mutual deactivation timings in ASD in (a) three of the deactivated and (b) two of the transiently anticorrelated (activated-deactivated) RSN pairs, which survived the strict threshold for significance of surrogate data. Of the significant RSN pairs, 80% included the posterior default-mode network (DMN). We propose that temporally altered deactivation mechanisms, including timings and directionality, between the posterior DMN and RSNs mediating processing of socially relevant information may contribute to the ASD phenotype. LAY SUMMARY: To understand autistic traits on a neural level, we examined temporal fluctuations in information flow between brain regions in young adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and controls. We used a fast neuroimaging procedure to investigate deactivation mechanisms between brain regions. We found that timings and directionality of communication between certain brain regions were temporally altered in ASD, suggesting atypical deactivation mechanisms associated with the posterior default-mode network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aija Kotila
- Research Unit of Logopedics, the Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Matti Järvelä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Research Center (MRC), Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Korhonen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Research Center (MRC), Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Soile Loukusa
- Research Unit of Logopedics, the Faculty of Humanities, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuula Hurtig
- Research Unit of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna Ebeling
- Clinic of Child Psychiatry, Oulu University Hospital and PEDEGO Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Vesa Kiviniemi
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Research Center (MRC), Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Ville Raatikainen
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, the Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Medical Research Center (MRC), Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Hu X, Li K, Wang X, Yang P, Tan Q, Li D, Wang X, Zeng F, Jin Y, Fei L, Li H, Chen J, Guo Q. Bilateral asymmetric tonic seizure in insulo-opercular epilepsy: an anatomo-electro-clinical study. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-020-00029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Insulo-opercular seizures are highly heterogeneous in seizure semiology and electrical features. Bilateral asymmetric limb posturing, as a classical pattern of supplementary sensorimotor area (SMA) seizure, also occurs in insulo-opercular epilepsy. This study was aimed to study the anatomo-electro-clinical correlations in bilateral asymmetric tonic seizures (BATS), in order to advance the understanding of insulo-opercular epilepsy.
Methods
Eight patients with insulo-opercular epilepsy as confirmed by stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and manifesting BATS as the major ictal motor sign, in Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital Epilepsy Center from 2014 to 2018, were employed in this study. The BATS of the patients were evaluated, and the semiologic features and concomitant intracerebral EEG changes were quantified. Then the variables were examined with Cluster Analysis, and the semiologic features were correlated with anatomic localization using the Kendall correlation test.
Results
Of the 8 patients, the most frequent initial motor sign was bilateral asymmetric tonic posturing (62.5%). Facial tonic-clonic sign also had a high prevalence in the evolution of seizures (87.5%). The results of Cluster Analysis showed that the semiologic features were subdivided into two main groups, one group comprising exclusively BATS and the other including signs of focal tonic seizure, aura, focal limb tonic-clonic seizure (TCS), facial TCS, hypermotor behavior, eye movement, autonomic changes and generalized TCS. The BATS was strongly associated with the posterior long gyrus (PLG) of insula (t = 0.732) and parietal operculum (t = 1.000); the hypermotor behaviors were associated with the anterior long gyrus (ALG) (t = 0.770); and the autonomic changes were associated with the anterior limiting sulcus (ALS) (t = 0.734) and middle short gyrus (MSG) (t = 0.700).
Conclusions
The seizure semiology of insulo-opercular epilepsy is characterized, in temporal order, by BATS, with or without simultaneous hypermotor behaviors, and frequently ends up with facial tonic-clonic signs, which is different from that of the SMA seizure. The early spread network involving the posterior insular lobe and parietal operculum may contribute to this pattern of manifestation.
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Attention Networks in the Parietooccipital Cortex Modulate Activity of the Human Vestibular Cortex during Attentive Visual Processing. J Neurosci 2020; 40:1110-1119. [PMID: 31818978 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1952-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies in human subjects reported that the parieto-insular vestibular cortex (PIVC), a core area of the vestibular cortex, is inhibited when visual processing is prioritized. However, it has remained unclear which networks in the brain modulate this inhibition of PIVC. Based on previous results showing that the inhibition of PIVC is strongly influenced by visual attention, we here examined whether attention networks in the parietooccipital cortex modulate the inhibition of PIVC. Using diffusion-weighted and resting-state fMRI in a group of female and male subjects, we found structural and functional connections between PIVC and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), a major brain region of the cortical attention network. We then temporarily inhibited PPC by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and hypothesized that the modulatory influence of PPC over PIVC would be reduced; and, as a result, PIVC would be less inhibited. Subjects performed a visual attentional tracking task immediately after rTMS, and the inhibition of PIVC during attentive tracking was measured with fMRI. The results showed that the inhibition of PIVC during attentive tracking was less pronounced compared with sham rTMS. We also examined the effects of inhibitory rTMS over the occipital cortex and found that the visual-vestibular posterior insular cortex area was less activated during attentive tracking compared with sham rTMS or rTMS over PPC. Together, these results suggest that attention networks in the parietooccipital cortex modulate activity in core areas of the vestibular cortex during attentive visual processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Although multisensory integration is generally considered beneficial, it can become detrimental when cues from different senses are in conflict. The occurrence of such multisensory conflicts can be minimized by inhibiting core cortical areas of the subordinate sensory system (e.g., vestibular), thus reducing potential conflict with ongoing processing of the prevailing sensory (e.g., visual) cues. However, it has remained unclear which networks in the brain modulate the magnitude of inhibition of the subordinate sensory system. Here, by investigating the inhibition of the vestibular sensory system when visual processing is prioritized, we show that attention networks in the parietooccipital cortex modulate the magnitude of inhibition of the vestibular cortex.
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Prime D, Woolfe M, Rowlands D, O'Keefe S, Dionisio S. Comparing connectivity metrics in cortico-cortical evoked potentials using synthetic cortical response patterns. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 334:108559. [PMID: 31927000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.108559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortico-Cortical Evoked Potentials (CCEPs) are a novel low frequency stimulation method used for brain mapping during intracranial epilepsy investigations. Only a handful of metrics have been applied to CCEP data to infer connectivity, and no comparison as to which is best has been performed. NEW METHOD We implement a novel method which involved superimposing synthetic cortical responses onto stereoelectroencephalographic (SEEG) data, and use this to compare several metric's ability to detect the simulated patterns. In this we compare two commonly employed metrics currently used in CCEP analysis against eight time series similarity metrics (TSSMs), which have been widely used in machine learning and pattern matching applications. RESULTS Root Mean Square (RMS), a metric commonly employed in CCEP analysis, was sensitive to a wide variety of response patterns, but insensitive to simulated epileptiform patterns. Autoregressive (AR) coefficients calculated by Burg's method were also sensitive to a wide range of patterns, but were extremely sensitive to epileptiform patterns. Other metrics which employed elastic warping techniques were less sensitive to the simulated response patterns. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Our study is the first to compare CCEP connectivity metrics against one-another. Our results found that RMS, which has been used in many CCEP studies previously, was the most sensitive metric across a wide range of patterns. CONCLUSIONS Our novel method showed that RMS is a robust and sensitive measure, validating much of the findings of the SEEG-CCEP literature to date. Autoregressive coefficients may also be a useful metric to investigate epileptic networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Prime
- Griffith University School of Engineering and Built Environment, Nathan, QLD, Australia; Mater Advanced Epilepsy Unit, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
| | - Matthew Woolfe
- Griffith University School of Engineering and Built Environment, Nathan, QLD, Australia; Mater Advanced Epilepsy Unit, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David Rowlands
- Griffith University School of Engineering and Built Environment, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Steven O'Keefe
- Griffith University School of Engineering and Built Environment, Nathan, QLD, Australia
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Corticostriatal functional connectivity of bothersome tinnitus in single-sided deafness. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19552. [PMID: 31863033 PMCID: PMC6925178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56127-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjective tinnitus is an auditory phantom perceptual disorder without an objective biomarker. Bothersome tinnitus in single-sided deafness (SSD) is particularly challenging to treat because the deaf ear can no longer be stimulated by acoustic means. We contrasted an SSD cohort with bothersome tinnitus (TIN; N = 15) against an SSD cohort with no or non-bothersome tinnitus (NO TIN; N = 15) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). All study participants had normal hearing in one ear and severe or profound hearing loss in the other. We evaluated corticostriatal functional connectivity differences by placing seeds in the caudate nucleus and Heschl’s Gyrus (HG) of both hemispheres. The TIN cohort showed increased functional connectivity between the left caudate and left HG, and left and right HG and the left caudate. Within the TIN cohort, functional connectivity between the right caudate and cuneus was correlated with the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI) relaxation subscale. And, functional connectivity between the right caudate and superior lateral occipital cortex, and the right caudate and anterior supramarginal gyrus were correlated with the TFI control subscale. These findings support a striatal gating model of tinnitus and suggest tinnitus biomarkers to monitor treatment response and to target specific brain areas for innovative neuromodulation therapies.
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