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Qu W, Liu M, Ge Y. Mindfulness decreases driving anger expression: The mediating effect of driving anger and anger rumination. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2024; 203:107642. [PMID: 38788434 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2024.107642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Mindfulness is a state of being fully attentive to the current moment and is an experiential way of living in daily life. As a personal trait, mindfulness has been proven to enhance various negative emotions and behaviors. However, in the field of driving, there is still a lack of research on the mechanisms of mindfulness on anger expression behavior, specifically aggressive driving. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reveal the impact of mindfulness on drivers' aggressive driving behaviors and the mediating effect of driving anger and anger rumination. A total of 350 (208 males and 142 females) participants in China voluntarily completed a series of questionnaires, including the Mindful Attention and Awareness Scale (MAAS), the Driving Anger Scale (DAS), the Anger Rumination Scale (ARS) and the Driving Anger Expression Inventory (DAX). The hierarchical multiple regression analysis and pathway analysis results showed that mindfulness negatively predicted driving anger, anger rumination and driving anger expression. Moreover, driving anger and anger rumination mediated the relationship between mindfulness and driving anger expression, accounting for 9.51% and 18.74% of the total effect, respectively. The chain-mediated effect of driving anger and anger rumination accounted for 8.00% of the total effect. This study has revealed some of the internal mechanisms through which mindfulness reduces aggressive driving. It fills a part of the gap in understanding the protective role of mindfulness in the driving domain. Furthermore, it suggests mindfulness interventions for drivers, which may have the potential to enhance overall road safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weina Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muyi Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Ge
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Tao Y, Niu H, Li Y, Liu X, Wang S, Ma Z, Hou W, Liu X. Effects of personal relative deprivation on the relationship between anger rumination and aggression during and after the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown: A longitudinal moderated network approach. J Adolesc 2023; 95:596-608. [PMID: 36638841 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have demonstrated a directional link between rage rumination and aggression. However, recent research suggests that this relationship is bidirectional. The current study examined the complex relationships between anger rumination and aggression using a moderated network approach in a longitudinal design while considering personal relative deprivation. METHOD A total of 665 participants (59.25% female, agemean±SD = 19.01 ± 1.25) were enrolled at two-time points. Assessments included self-report measures of the Anger Rumination Scale, Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Relative Deprivation Scale. A Moderated Network Model (MMN) was used to test the complex links among anger rumination, aggression, and personal relative deprivation. RESULTS The analysis revealed that the link between anger rumination and aggression was complex and bidirectional. Notably, as the level of personal relative deprivation increased, verbal aggression had a positive conditional effect on anger afterthoughts in Wave 2, and thoughts of revenge had a positive conditional effect on verbal aggression in Wave 2. Moreover, as the first discovery, anger afterthoughts and anger had a negative conditional effect on each other across levels of personal relative deprivation in Wave 2. In addition, network comparison indicates that the MNMs structure was significantly different across timepoints, implying that anger rumination and aggression were inextricably linked in college students during isolation and that this complicated relationship was weakened after isolation. CONCLUSIONS This study deepens our understanding of the bidirectional relationships between anger rumination and aggression and recognizes the moderating role of personal relative deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Haiqun Niu
- School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Li
- Faculty of Arts, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Department of Student Affairs Management, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Zijuan Ma
- School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Hou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing, China
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Rohrbeck P, Kersting A, Suslow T. Trait anger and negative interpretation bias in neutral face perception. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1086784. [PMID: 37213369 PMCID: PMC10196385 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1086784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anger is a basic emotion helping people to achieve goals by preparing the body for action and prompting others to change their behavior but is also associated with health issues and risks. Trait anger, the disposition to experience angry feelings, goes along with an attribution of hostile traits to others. Negative distortions in the interpretation of social information have also been observed in anxiety and depression. The present study examined the associations between components of anger and negative interpretation tendencies in the perception of ambiguous and neutral schematic faces controlling for anxiety, depressed mood, and other variables. Methods A sample of 150 young adults performed a computer-based perception of facial expressions task and completed the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2) along with other self-report measures and tests. Results Trait anger and anger expression correlated with the perception of negative affects in neutral but not in ambiguous faces. More specifically, trait anger was linked to the attribution of anger, sadness, and anxiety to neutral faces. Trait anger predicted perceived negative affects in neutral faces when adjusting for anxiety, depression, and state anger. Discussion For neutral schematic faces, the present data support an association between trait anger and negatively biased interpretation of facial expression, which is independent of anxiety and depressed mood. The negative interpretation of neutral schematic faces in trait angry individuals seems not only to comprise the attribution of anger but also of negative emotions signaling weakness. Neutral schematic facial expressions might be useful stimuli in the future study of anger-related interpretation biases.
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Daenen F, Wauters A, Van Ryckeghem DM, Trost Z, Vervoort T. Youth baseline and state pain-related injustice appraisals are associated with emotional responses of anger and sadness: An experimental study. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1080461. [PMID: 37151841 PMCID: PMC10160631 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1080461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Youth pain-related injustice appraisals are associated with adverse functioning; however, mechanisms by which injustice appraisals exert their impact have yet to be elucidated. Adult injustice literature suggests anger, sadness, and attention bias to anger (AB) as potential mechanisms. This study examined the effects of injustice appraisals in a healthy youth sample by applying a justice violation manipulation. We hypothesized the justice violation condition to lead to worse pain outcomes with effects mediated by anger, sadness, and AB as compared to the control condition. We further explored associations between both baseline and state injustice appraisals and anger, sadness, and AB across conditions. Methods A 2 × 2 time by condition design was used to test hypotheses. 133 healthy youth aged 9-16 years old completed two cold pressor tasks (CPTs). In the experimental (i.e., justice violation) group, participants were initially told to complete one CPT, but were told afterwards to perform it again due to experimenter negligence. In the control group, no justice violation occurred. Baseline injustice appraisals and pain catastrophizing were assessed with the Injustice Experience Questionnaire and Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children; state outcomes (i.e., injustice, catastrophizing, anger, sadness) were assessed after CPTs. AB was indexed using a dot-probe task. Results Findings indicated no effects of the justice violation on pain outcomes or associated mechanisms, nor on injustice appraisals, suggesting manipulation failure. However, across conditions, baseline and state injustice appraisals were positively associated with anger and sadness, but not with AB. Conclusions Despite the experimental justice violation failing to elicit differential injustice appraisals across conditions, the current study supports both anger and sadness as key emotional responses associated with pain-related injustice appraisals in a healthy youth sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Daenen
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Aline Wauters
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dimitri M.L. Van Ryckeghem
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
- Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Eschsur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Zina Trost
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Tine Vervoort
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Correspondence: Tine Vervoort
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Chatzimike-Levidi MD, Collard JJ. An integrated model of aggression: links between core self-evaluations, anger rumination and forgiveness. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Forbes D, Metcalf O, Lawrence-Wood E, Adler AB. Problematic Anger in the Military: Focusing on the Forgotten Emotion. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:789-797. [PMID: 36445637 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01380-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Problematic anger is common in veteran and military populations, yet understudied relative to other mental health difficulties. However, in recent years, more clinical and research attention has been turned to problematic anger. This paper highlights important new findings in the epidemiology, course, and neurobiology of anger, the associations of anger with other mental health problems and risk, and next steps for research and practice. RECENT FINDINGS In longitudinal research, findings show that problematic anger changes over the life course of military members and veterans, and that deployment increases the likelihood of problematic levels of anger. Problematic anger is related to a range of mental health issues, most perniciously aggression and suicidality. Promising new assessment and treatment approaches are emerging, including innovations that leverage digital technology. Key areas of research include advancing assessment of problematic anger to identify patterns of heterogeneity, as well as advancing the evidence base for anger treatments. Recommended progress in clinical practice include conducting routine assessment of problematic anger in veteran and military populations, developing prevention and early intervention for at risk individuals, and optimizing the timing of interventions throughout the military lifecycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
| | - Olivia Metcalf
- Department of Psychiatry, Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Ellie Lawrence-Wood
- Department of Psychiatry, Phoenix Australia - Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Amy B Adler
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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Yang J, Li W, Gao L, Wang X. How is Trait Anger Related to Adolescents' Cyberbullying Perpetration? A Moderated Mediation Analysis. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP6633-NP6654. [PMID: 33084460 DOI: 10.1177/0886260520967129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although trait anger has been shown to play an important role in cyberbullying perpetration, little is known about mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship. In the present study, we examined whether moral disengagement mediated the relationship between trait anger and cyberbullying perpetration, and whether this mediating process was moderated by empathy. Four hundred and fifty-five Chinese adolescents completed the measures of trait anger, moral disengagement, cyberbullying perpetration, and empathy. The results indicated that trait anger was significantly and positively associated with cyberbullying perpetration and this relationship was partially mediated by moral disengagement. Moderated mediation analysis further indicated that empathy moderated the relationship between moral disengagement and cyberbullying perpetration. This relationship became weaker for adolescents with higher levels of empathy. Results highlight the significance of identifying the mechanisms that moderate the mediated paths between trait anger and adolescents' cyberbullying perpetration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ling Gao
- Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Jiang Q, Yang YT, Liu CL, Yuan JW. The Differing Roles of Cognitive Empathy and Affective Empathy in the Relationship Between Trait Anger and Aggressive Behavior: A Chinese College Students Survey. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP10937-NP10957. [PMID: 31578910 DOI: 10.1177/0886260519879229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Empathy is essential for effective social interaction. People often express the belief that empathy is closely related to aggressive behavior, but empirical data has challenged this assumption. However, there is a lack of research that focuses on the role of empathy in the relationship between trait anger and aggressive behavior. The current research focuses on the roles that different components of empathy have performed in the combinations of trait anger-hostile cognition-aggressive behavior link and attempt to identify, with reference to Integrated Model of Emotion Processes and Cognition in Social Information Processing, at which step this may occur. Participants included 663 undergraduate students who completed self-report measures of Trait Anger Scale, Aggressive Behavior Questionnaire, the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, and the Reactive-Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Results from correlation analysis show that there is no significant correlation between cognitive empathy and aggressive behavior (r = -.06) but do however suggest a significant correlation between affective empathy and aggressive behavior (r = -.19). Results from structural equation modeling reveal that different components of empathy perform different roles in relation to aggressive behavior. The moderated mediating model analysis results show that cognitive empathy played a moderating role in both the direct effect and the first stage of the mediating model of trait anger-hostile cognition-aggression behavior. The results of multiple mediation model analysis demonstrate that affective empathy only played a partial mediating role between hostile cognition and aggressive behavior. This study contributes to understanding of Social Information Processing Models (SIPMs) and provides insight into the relationship between empathy and aggressive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Bahtiyar B, Gençöz T. The association between perceived parenting and adulthood anxiety: The mediator roles of emotion regulation, shame and anger. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02279-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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10
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Lindert J, Paul KC, Lachman ME, Ritz B, Seeman TE. Depression-, Anxiety-, and Anger and Cognitive Functions: Findings From a Longitudinal Prospective Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:665742. [PMID: 34421666 PMCID: PMC8377351 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.665742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Determinants of changes in cognitive function during aging are not well-understood. We aimed to estimate the effects of depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms on cognition and on cognition changes, especially on changes in episodic memory (EM) and executive functioning (EF). Methods: We analyze data from the Mid-Life in the Midlife in the United States Biomarker study at two time points including n = 710 women, and n = 542 men (1996/1997) at the first assessment and n = 669 women, and n = 514 men at the second assessment (2013/2014). To assess cognition we used the Brief Test of Adult Cognition (BTACT). To measure depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms we used the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI). We used repeated models analyses to explore changes in cognition, and repeated measures linear mixed-effects models to investigate depression, anxiety and anger effects on cognition. All analyses were adjusted for potential confounders (cognition at baseline, age, education, income). Results: At the first assessment, women had significantly better episodic memory functioning than men; men in the oldest age group had significant better executive functioning. At the second assessment, more education, and white ethnicity were associated with less negative changes on episodic memory and executive functioning. Depression- and anger symptoms were associated with declines in episodic memory among women; anxiety symptoms were associated with declines in episodic memory and executive functioning in both gender in men (EF: β: -0.02, (95% CI: -0.03, -0.01; EM: β -0.02 (-0.02, 95% CI: -0.03, -0.01) and in women (EF: β -0.01, 95% CI: -0.02, -0.0004; EM: β -0.013, 95% CI: -0.03, -0.001). Conclusions: Depression-, anxiety- and anger symptoms were associated with changes in episodic memory and executive functioning. Further longitudinal studies are critical in populations in more countries to better understand the impact of depression, anxiety and anger symptoms on cognition changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutta Lindert
- Department of Health and Social Work, University of Applied Sciences Emden/Leer, Emden, Germany
- Women's Research Center at Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Kimberley C. Paul
- Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Margie E. Lachman
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Teresa E. Seeman
- The Heller School for Social Policy and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, United States
- Division of Geriatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Hauger LE, Havnes IA, Jørstad ML, Bjørnebekk A. Anabolic androgenic steroids, antisocial personality traits, aggression and violence. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 221:108604. [PMID: 33621808 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) use is associated with a wide range of adverse physical, psychological and social effects. While some experience few side effects, others might experience severe consequences. Aggression and violence are among the often-cited side effects associated with high-dose AAS use; however, most of the knowledge is generated from subgroups, such as prison populations. A likely hypothesis is that AAS use is associated with aggression and violence, but that these associations are complex and may be mediated by several factors, such as substance use, AAS dependence and personality traits. METHODS In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by examining the relations between long-term AAS use and AAS dependence, aggression, interpersonal violence and potential mediating factors in a sample of male AAS exposed and non-exposed weightlifting controls (WLC), using self-report questionnaires. Based upon AAS dependence criteria, a sample of male AAS users and WLC (N = 139) were stratified into three groups: WLC (n = 66), AAS dependents (n = 41) and AAS non-dependents (n = 32). RESULTS The results demonstrate that AAS dependents reported significantly higher levels of aggression compared to WLC and AAS non-dependents. While interpersonal violence was reported in all three groups, the highest percentage was found in the AAS dependent group. CONCLUSION In summary, our study confirms a link between AAS use, aggression and violence in a weightlifting population. However, the association is foremost seen in AAS dependent users and it seems that antisocial personality traits are an important mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa E Hauger
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, The Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway; National Centre for Epilepsy, Division for Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway.
| | - Ingrid A Havnes
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, The Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway
| | - Marie L Jørstad
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, The Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway
| | - Astrid Bjørnebekk
- The Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Research Group, The Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Postbox 4959, Nydalen, Norway
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Emotion regulation strategies, self-esteem, and anger in adult survivors of childhood maltreatment in foster care settings. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA & DISSOCIATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2020.100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Li R, Xia LX. The mediating mechanisms underlying the longitudinal effect of trait anger on social aggression: Testing a temporal path model. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2020.104018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wang X, Zhao F, Yang J, Gao L, Li B, Lei L, Wang P. Childhood Maltreatment and Bullying Perpetration among Chinese Adolescents: A Moderated Mediation Model of Moral Disengagement and Trait Anger. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2020; 106:104507. [PMID: 32361515 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment plays an important role in adolescents' bullying perpetration. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this association remain largely unknown. OBJECTIVES The current study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adolescents' bullying perpetration and extended previous literature by examining the mediating effect of moral disengagement and the moderating effect of trait anger in this relationship. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Four hundred and thirty-five Chinese adolescents (228 girls, mean age = 13.55 years) participated in the current study. METHODS Our theoretical model was examined using a short-term longitudinal design. During the fall of 2016, adolescents completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form. After six months, they completed the moral disengagement Scale, the Bullying Scale, and the Trait Anger Scale in the spring of 2017. RESULTS The results indicated that childhood maltreatment positively predicted adolescents' bullying perpetration at six months later, and moral disengagement mediated this relationship. Trait anger moderated the relationship between moral disengagement and bullying perpetration, but not the relationship between childhood maltreatment and bullying perpetration. Specifically, high trait anger adolescents who had higher levels of moral disengagement were more likely to bully their peers than low trait anger adolescents. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that childhood maltreatment plays an important role in adolescents' bullying perpetration, and this relationship is mediated by moral disengagement. Moreover, trait anger moderates the relationship between moral disengagement and bullying perpetration. Educators who examine adolescents' bullying perpetration should pay closer attention to their moral disengagement and trait anger, as well as their childhood maltreatment experiences, in order to provide appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchao Wang
- School of Educational Science, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fengqing Zhao
- School of Education, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Street, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiping Yang
- School of Educational Science, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Ling Gao
- School of Educational Science, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, Xiaodian District, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Biao Li
- School of Journalism and Communication, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China.
| | - Li Lei
- The Center of Internet + Social Psychology, Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- The Center of Internet + Social Psychology, Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, No. 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100872, China
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Shepherd G, Cant M. Difficult to change? The differences between successful and not‐so‐successful participation in anger management groups. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Toro R, García-García J, Zaldívar-Basurto F. Antisocial Disorders in Adolescence and Youth, According to Structural, Emotional, and Cognitive Transdiagnostic Variables: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17093036. [PMID: 32349315 PMCID: PMC7246842 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17093036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Transdiagnostic causal variables have been identified that have allowed understanding the origin and maintenance of psychopathologies in parsimonious explanatory models of antisocial disorders. However, it is necessary to systematize the information published in the last decade. The aim of the study was to identify through a systematic review, the structural, emotional and cognitive transdiagnostic variables in antisocial disorders of adolescence and youth. Recommendations for systematic reviews and meta-extraction and analysis of information according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), the Cochrane Collaboration and Campbell were followed. We found 19 articles from 110 reviewed documents. The results indicated that at a structural level there is a general psychopathological factor (psychopathy or externalizing), non-emotional callousness and impulsivity from behavioral inhibition and activation systems, and negative affect traits as base structures. In the emotional level, the study found a risk component from emotional dysregulation and experiential avoidance. In the cognitive level, a key role of anger-rumination and violent ideation as explanatory variables of antisocial disorders. We concluded that the interaction of these identified variables makes it possible to generate an evidence-based transdiagnostic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Toro
- Psychology Department, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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Clifford ME, Nguyen AJ, Bradshaw CP. Both/and: Tier 2 Interventions with Transdiagnostic Utility in Addressing Emotional and Behavioral Disorders in Youth. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15377903.2020.1714859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meghan E. Clifford
- Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Amanda J. Nguyen
- Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Catherine P. Bradshaw
- Curry School of Education and Human Development, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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de Bles NJ, Rius Ottenheim N, van Hemert AM, Pütz LEH, van der Does AJW, Penninx BWJH, Giltay EJ. Trait anger and anger attacks in relation to depressive and anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 2019; 259:259-265. [PMID: 31450135 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with various psychiatric disorders may suffer from feelings of anger, sometimes leading to maladaptive (e.g., aggressive) behaviors. We examined to what extent depressive and anxiety disorders, relevant clinical correlates, and sociodemographics determined the level of trait anger and the prevalence of recent anger attacks. METHODS In the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), the Spielberger Trait Anger Subscale and the Anger Attacks Questionnaire were analyzed in patients with depressive (n = 204), anxiety (n = 288), comorbid (n = 222), and remitted disorders (n = 1,107), as well as in healthy controls (n = 470) based on DSM-IV criteria. RESULTS On average, participants were 46.2 years old (SD = 13.1) and 66.3% were female. Trait anger and anger attacks were most prevalent in the comorbid group (M = 18.5, SD = 5.9, and prevalence 22.1%), followed by anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, remitted disorder, and controls (M = 12.7; SD = 2.9, and prevalence 1.3%). Major depressive disorder, social phobia, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder were most strongly associated to trait anger and anger attacks. LIMITATIONS Due to a cross-sectional design, it was not possible to provide evidence for temporal or causal relationships between anger and depressive and anxiety disorders. CONCLUSIONS Trait anger and anger attacks are linked to depressive and anxiety disorders, although the strength of the relationship differed among both anger constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke J de Bles
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Nathaly Rius Ottenheim
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Albert M van Hemert
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Laura E H Pütz
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik J Giltay
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 Leiden, the Netherlands
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Stoermer S, Lauring J, Selmer J. Does Angry Temperament Undermine the Beneficial Effects of Expatriates' Proactive Personality? EUROPEAN MANAGEMENT REVIEW 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/emre.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stoermer
- University of Göttingen Platz der Göttinger Sieben 5, MZG 1.103 37073 Göttingen Germany
| | - Jakob Lauring
- Aarhus University Fuglesangs Allé 4 8200 Aarhus V Denmark
| | - Jan Selmer
- Aarhus University Fuglesangs Allé 4 8200 Aarhus V Denmark
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Wang X, Yang L, Yang J, Gao L, Zhao F, Xie X, Lei L. Trait anger and aggression: A moderated mediation model of anger rumination and moral disengagement. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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The Metacognitive Anger Processing (MAP) Scale – Validation in a Mixed Clinical and a Forensic In-Patient Sample. Behav Cogn Psychother 2018; 47:67-80. [DOI: 10.1017/s1352465818000140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background: The metacognitive approach by Wells and colleagues has gained empirical support with a broad range of symptoms. The Metacognitive Anger Processing (MAP) scale was developed to provide a metacognitive measure on anger (Moeller, 2016). In the preliminary validation, three components were identified (positive beliefs, negative beliefs and rumination) to be positively correlated with the anger. Aims: To validate the MAP in a sample of mixed clinical patients (n = 88) and a sample of male forensic patients (n = 54). Method: The MAP was administered together with measures of metacognition, anger, rumination, anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results: The MAP showed acceptable scalability and excellent reliability. Convergent validity was evidenced using the general metacognitive measure (MCQ-30), and concurrent validity was supported using two different anger measures (STAXI-2 and NAS). Conclusions: The MAP has promising potential to assess anger regulation problems by providing a framework on angry rumination as well as the belief structures that proposedly drive the selection of this maladaptive processing strategy as suggested in the metacognitive model. These findings may have implications for clinical interventions. For example, conducting functional analyses on anger rumination could increase the understanding of dysregulated anger processing and lead to new interventions focused on shifting thinking style.
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Veenstra L, Bushman BJ, Koole SL. The facts on the furious: a brief review of the psychology of trait anger. Curr Opin Psychol 2018; 19:98-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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23
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Vega D, Torrubia R, Soto À, Ribas J, Soler J, Pascual JC, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Marco-Pallarés J. Exploring the relationship between non suicidal self-injury and borderline personality traits in young adults. Psychiatry Res 2017; 256:403-411. [PMID: 28692921 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent during late adolescence and young adulthood. There is some evidence of a link between NSSI and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), but little is known about the association between BPD traits and the various functions that maintain NSSI. The main purpose of this study was to explore the association between borderline personality traits and NSSI functions in a sample of college students. We also compared NSSI functions in college students who engaged in NSSI to those in an age-matched sample of BPD patients. This study included a total of 238 college students and 36 BPD patients. Participants were asked to complete a number of clinical measures. In the non-clinical sample, BPD features were more pronounced in the presence of NSSI, and we observed a differential relationship between NSSI functions and psychopathological BPD-traits. The NSSI clinical variables most strongly associated with BPD were frequency, variety of methods and severity, but not age of onset. Our results provide new information on the relationship between BPD and NSSI in young adults, and could be used to improve the early detection of vulnerable BPD-individuals and in planning NSSI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vega
- Servei de Psiquiatria i Salut Mental, Hospital d'Igualada (Consorci Sanitari de l'Anoia) Igualada, Barcelona, Spain; Unitat de Psicologia Mèdica, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal & Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain; Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Rafael Torrubia
- Unitat de Psicologia Mèdica, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal & Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Àngel Soto
- Servei de Psiquiatria i Salut Mental, Hospital d'Igualada (Consorci Sanitari de l'Anoia) Igualada, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Ribas
- Servei de Psiquiatria i Salut Mental, Hospital d'Igualada (Consorci Sanitari de l'Anoia) Igualada, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Soler
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Pascual
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau & Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica - Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spain
| | - Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Dept. of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Marco-Pallarés
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group [Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL], L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Dept. of Basic Psychology, Campus Bellvitge, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Trait anger and cyberbullying among young adults: A moderated mediation model of moral disengagement and moral identity. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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25
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Cordero-Andrés P, González-Blanch C, Umaran-Alfageme O, Muñoz-Navarro R, Ruíz-Rodríguez P, Medrano LA, Hernández-de Hita F, Pérez-Poo T, Cano-Vindel A. Tratamiento psicológico de los trastornos emocionales en atención primaria: fundamentos teóricos y empíricos del estudio PsicAP. ANSIEDAD Y ESTRÉS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anyes.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Glück TM, Knefel M, Lueger-Schuster B. A network analysis of anger, shame, proposed ICD-11 post-traumatic stress disorder, and different types of childhood trauma in foster care settings in a sample of adult survivors. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2017; 8:1372543. [PMID: 29038691 PMCID: PMC5632767 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2017.1372543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Anger and shame are aspects that are specifically associated with psychopathology and maladaptation after childhood abuse and neglect. They are known to influence symptom maintenance and exacerbation; however, their interaction is not fully understood. Objective: To explore with network analysis the association and interaction of prolonged, complex interpersonal childhood abuse and neglect in institutional foster care settings [institutional abuse (IA)] with anger, shame, and the proposed 11th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adult survivors. Method: Adult survivors of IA (N = 220, mean age = 57.95 years) participated in the study and were interviewed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the International Trauma Questionnaire, the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, the Displaced Aggression Questionnaire, and shame-related items. To identify the most central aspects, we used a staged network analysis and centrality analysis approach: (1) on the scale level; (2) on the item/symptom level; and (3) with modularity analysis to find communities within the item-level network. Results: Trait anger, anger rumination, emotional abuse, and PTSD re-experiencing symptoms played the most important roles on a scale level and were then further analyzed on the item/symptom level. The most central symptom on the item level was anger rumination related to meaningful past events. The modularity analysis supported discriminant validity of the included scales. Conclusions: Anger is an important factor in the psychopathological processes following childhood abuse. Anger rumination is closely related to PTSD symptoms; however, anger is not a part of the proposed ICD-11 PTSD in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias M Glück
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Knefel
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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27
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Takebe M, Takahashi F, Sato H. Anger rumination as a risk factor for trait anger and anger-in: A longitudinal study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Maoz K, Adler AB, Bliese PD, Sipos ML, Quartana PJ, Bar-Haim Y. Attention and interpretation processes and trait anger experience, expression, and control. Cogn Emot 2016; 31:1453-1464. [PMID: 27653208 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2016.1231663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study explored attention and interpretation biases in processing facial expressions as correlates of theoretically distinct self-reported anger experience, expression, and control. Non-selected undergraduate students (N = 101) completed cognitive tasks measuring attention bias, interpretation bias, and Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2). Attention bias toward angry faces was associated with higher trait anger and anger expression and with lower anger control-in and anger control-out. The propensity to quickly interpret ambiguous faces as angry was associated with greater anger expression and its subcomponent of anger expression-out and with lower anger control-out. Interactions between attention and interpretation biases did not contribute to the prediction of any anger component suggesting that attention and interpretation biases may function as distinct mechanisms. Theoretical and possible clinical implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Maoz
- a School of Psychological Sciences , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
| | - Amy B Adler
- b Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Paul D Bliese
- b Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Maurice L Sipos
- b Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Phillip J Quartana
- b Center for Military Psychiatry and Neuroscience , Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , Silver Spring , MD , USA
| | - Yair Bar-Haim
- c School of Psychological Sciences and Sagol School of Neuroscience , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv , Israel
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29
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Fernandez E, Johnson SL. Anger in psychological disorders: Prevalence, presentation, etiology and prognostic implications. Clin Psychol Rev 2016; 46:124-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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30
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Abstract
The impact of anger on autobiographical recall was examined in two studies. In Experiment 1, 76 participants differing in trait anger completed an autobiographical memory task (AMT). In Experiment 2, 50 participants with elevated trait anger were either provoked or not provoked and subsequently completed an AMT. Across both studies, participants with high dispositional anger reported more anger-related memories, describing themselves as the primary agent of anger. In Experiment 2, provoked participants reported more memories describing themselves as the target of anger. These findings highlight the distinct patterns of memory recall associated with trait versus state anger. Findings are discussed in terms of retrieval biases operating in angry individuals and proposals stemming from self-memory system models of autobiographical memory.
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31
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Lievaart M, van der Veen FM, Huijding J, Naeije L, Hovens JE, Franken IH. Trait anger in relation to neural and behavioral correlates of response inhibition and error-processing. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 99:40-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Lubke GH, Ouwens KG, de Moor MH, Trull TJ, Boomsma DI. Population heterogeneity of trait anger and differential associations of trait anger facets with borderline personality features, neuroticism, depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and alcohol problems. Psychiatry Res 2015; 230:553-60. [PMID: 26454404 PMCID: PMC4655156 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Anger is an emotion consisting of feelings of variable intensity ranging from mild irritation to intense fury. High levels of trait anger are associated with a range of psychiatric, interpersonal, and health problems. The objectives of this study were to explore heterogeneity of anger as measured by the Spielberger Trait Anger Scale (STAS), and to assess the association of the different anger facets with a selection of psychiatric disorders covering externalizing and internalizing problems, personality disorders, and substance use. Factor mixture models differentiated between a high and low scoring class (28% vs. 72%), and between three factors (anger-temperament, anger-reaction, and immediacy of an anger response). Whereas all psychiatric scales correlated significantly with the STAS total score, regressing the three STAS factors on psychiatric behaviors model showed a more detailed pattern. Only borderline affect instability and depression were significantly associated with all three factors in both classes whereas other problem behaviors were associated only with 1 or 2 of the factors. Alcohol problems were associated with immediacy only in the high scoring class, indicating a non-linear relation in the total sample. Taking into account these more specific associations is likely to be beneficial when investigating differential treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitta H. Lubke
- Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, USA,Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Liu Y, Zhan X, Li W, Han H, Wang H, Hou J, Yan G, Wang Y. The trait anger affects conflict inhibition: a Go/Nogo ERP study. Front Hum Neurosci 2015; 8:1076. [PMID: 25653610 PMCID: PMC4301017 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the time course of inhibitory control in high trait anger individuals, we recorded and analyzed ERP data relevant to visual Go/Nogo task in high and low trait anger participants. Compared with low trait anger participants, high trait anger participants revealed faster RTs in the Go/Nogo task. The nogo effect of N2 related to conflict monitoring was similar between two groups. While the P3go was larger in high than low trait anger groups, the P3nogo did not differ between two groups. This induced the smaller nogo effect of P3 in high than that in low trait anger group, which is closely related to the actual inhibition of the motor system. These data suggest the reduced later stage of inhibitory processes in high trait anger individuals, implicating the dysfunction of inhibitory control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianghong Zhan
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Heyun Han
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huixia Wang
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junlin Hou
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoli Yan
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
| | - Youjie Wang
- Basic Disciplines of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou, China
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Takebe M, Takahashi F, Sato H. Mediating Role of Anger Rumination in the Associations between Mindfulness, Anger-In, and Trait Anger. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/psych.2015.68093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Temperament synergies in risk for and protection against depressive symptoms: A prospective replication of a three-way interaction. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2014.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sokolowski M, Ben-Efraim YJ, Wasserman J, Wasserman D. Glutamatergic GRIN2B and polyaminergic ODC1 genes in suicide attempts: associations and gene-environment interactions with childhood/adolescent physical assault. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:985-92. [PMID: 22850629 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The complex etiology of suicidal behavior has frequently been investigated in relation to monoaminergic neurotransmission, but other neurosystems have shown alterations as well, involving excitatory glutamatergic and inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) molecular components, together with the modulating polyamines. Sufficiently powered and family-based association studies of glutamatergic and GABAergic genes with suicidal behavior are nonexistent, but several studies have been reported for polyamines. We therefore conducted, for the first time ever, an extensive family-based study of 113 candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in 24 glutamatergic and GABA genes, in addition to interrelated polyaminergic genes, on the outcome of severe suicide attempts (SAs). The family-based analysis (n=660 trios) was supplemented with gene-environment interaction (G × E), case-control (n=519 controls) and subgroup analyses. The main observations were the previously unreported association and linkage of SNPs rs2268115 and rs220557 in GRIN2B, as well as of SNPs rs1049500 and rs2302614 in ODC1 (P<10(-2)). Furthermore, GRIN2B haplotypic associations were observed, in particular with a four-SNP AGGC haplotype (rs1805247-rs1806201-rs1805482-rs2268115; P<10(-5)), and a third SNP rs7559979 in ODC1 showed G × E with serious childhood/adolescent physical assault (P<10(-4)). SA subjects were characterized by transdiagnostic trait anger and past year alcohol-drug use disorders, but not by alcohol-drug use at SA, depression, anxiety or psychosis diagnoses. We also discuss a first ever confirmatory observation of SNP rs6526342 (polyaminergic SAT1) in SA, originally identified in completed suicides. The results suggest that specific genetic variants in a subset of glutamatergic (GRIN2B) and polyaminergic (ODC1) neurosystem genes may be of importance in certain suicidal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sokolowski
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental Ill-Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Jaworska N, Berrigan L, Fisher D, Ahmed AG, Gray J, Bradford J, Korovessis A, Fedoroff P, Knott V. A pilot study of electrocortical activity in dysfunctional anger: decreased frontocortical activation, impaired attention control, and diminished behavioral inhibition. Aggress Behav 2012; 38:469-80. [PMID: 22969037 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional anger, though not a primary clinical diagnosis per se, does present clinically as a pathological mood for which treatment is sought. Few studies have probed the neurocortical correlates of dysfunctional anger or assessed if cognitive processes, such as attention, are altered in dysfunctional anger. Though dysfunctional and high trait anger appears to be associated with biased processing of anger-eliciting information, few studies have examined if dysfunctional anger modulates attention more generally. This is a notable gap as volitional attention control is associated with effective emotive regulation, which is impaired in dysfunctional anger and in associated acts of aggression. In this pilot study, we examined performance and electroencephalographic (EEG) profiles during a 12-min continuous performance task (CPT) of sustained attention in 15 adults with dysfunctional anger (Anger group) and 14 controls (control group). The Anger group had fewer hits at the end of the CPT, which correlated with decreased frontocortical activation, suggesting decreased engagement of frontal circuits when attention is taxed. The Anger group had more false alarms overall indicating impaired response inhibition. Increased right cortical activation during the initial portion of CPT existed in the Anger group, perhaps reflecting greater engagement of frontal circuits (i.e. effort) during initial stages of the task compared to controls. Finally, increased overall beta₁ power, suggesting increased cortical activation, was noted in the Anger group. These EEG patterns suggest a hypervigilant state in dysfunctional anger, which may interfere with effective attention control and decrease inhibition. Such impairments likely extend beyond the laboratory setting, and may associate with aggressive acts in real life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Adekunle G. Ahmed
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research; Ottawa; Ontario; Canada
| | - Jonathan Gray
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research; Ottawa; Ontario; Canada
| | - John Bradford
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research; Ottawa; Ontario; Canada
| | | | - Paul Fedoroff
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research; Ottawa; Ontario; Canada
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Deschênes SS, Dugas MJ, Fracalanza K, Koerner N. The role of anger in generalized anxiety disorder. Cogn Behav Ther 2012; 41:261-71. [PMID: 22429207 DOI: 10.1080/16506073.2012.666564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the role of anger in the context of anxiety disorders, particularly with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The aim of study was to examine the relationship between specific dimensions of anger and GAD. Participants (N=381) completed a series of questionnaires, including the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-Q-IV; Newman et al., 2002, Behavior Therapy, 33, 215-233), the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI-2; Spielberger 1999, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2: STAXI-2 professional manual, Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources) and the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ; Buss & Perry 1992, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 452-459). The GAD-Q-IV identifies individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for GAD (i.e. GAD analogues) and those who do not (non-GAD). The STAXI-2 includes subscales for trait anger, externalized anger expression, internalized anger expression, externalized anger control and internalized anger control. The AQ includes subscales for physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger and hostility. The GAD-Q-IV significantly correlated with all STAXI-2 and AQ subscales (r's ranging from .10 to .46). Multivariate analyses of variance revealed that GAD analogues significantly differed from non-GAD participants on the combined STAXI-2 subscales (η2=.098); high levels of trait anger and internalized anger expression contributed the most to GAD group membership. GAD analogue participants also significantly differed from non-GAD participants on the combined AQ subscales (η2=.156); high levels of anger (affective component of aggression) and hostility contributed the most to GAD group membership. Within the GAD analogue group, the STAXI-2 and AQ subscales significantly predicted GAD symptom severity (R2=.124 and .198, respectively). Elevated levels of multiple dimensions of anger characterize individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for GAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonya S Deschênes
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, and Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H4B 1R6
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