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Rouibah I, Hassen W, Sallem OF, Khellaf N, Hassen A, Mansour HB. Photocatalytic and biodegradation treatments of paracetamol: investigation of the in vivo toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:14530-14545. [PMID: 33215279 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11615-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Medicines and drugs consumption by all populations of the world can be expected to result in the contamination of the environment since 30-90% of residual drugs will be found into wastewaters. In this study, we investigate the degradation of acetaminophen, selected as a xenobiotic model molecule, via two separate procedures, the TiO2 impregnated on cellulosic paper photocatalysis, and specific bacterial biodegradation process. Results showed that for initial drug content of 400 mg/L and after 5 hours of processing, around 85% of paracetamol was photocatalytically degraded. The use of Pseudomonas putida E1.21 isolate allowed an abatement of around 92% after 32 h of processing. The acetaminophen toxicity conducted in vivo on laboratory mice showed a net decrease of the creatinine release and enzymes activities like ALP, ALT, AST, and LDH decreased significantly (p < 0.05) when mice were treated distinctly by acetaminophen treated with UV/TiO2 and the Pseudomonas putida E1.21 strain compared with the control experiments. CAT, MDA, and AchE serum level disruption measurement indicated a serious affection of the mice antioxidant system. These results were found to be in correlation with the ones of the histological analysis of the liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Rouibah
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied on the Environment-APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia (ISSAT), University of Monastir, 5100, Mahdia, Tunisia
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Badji Mokhtar University, P.O. Box 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Wafa Hassen
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied on the Environment-APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia (ISSAT), University of Monastir, 5100, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Ons Fekih Sallem
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied on the Environment-APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia (ISSAT), University of Monastir, 5100, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Nabila Khellaf
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Badji Mokhtar University, P.O. Box 12, 23000, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratory of Treatment and Wastewater Valorization, Centre of Research and Water Technologies (CERTE), Techno Park of Borj-Cedria, 8020, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied on the Environment-APAE UR17ES32, Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia (ISSAT), University of Monastir, 5100, Mahdia, Tunisia.
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Ossani GP, Uceda AM, Lago NR, Martino DJ. Relationship between serum lithium concentration and kidney damage in a preclinical model. Bipolar Disord 2020; 22:281-285. [PMID: 31628694 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to assess whether there is a relationship between serum lithium concentrations and the magnitude of kidney damage in a preclinical model. METHODS Thirty Wistar male rats were randomized into three groups: control group fed ad libitum powered standard diet for 3 months; and experimental groups fed ad libitum the same diet supplemented with 30 or 60 mmol/kg diet for 3 months (LowLi and HighLi groups respectively). Laboratory parameters were assessed at months 1 and 3 and histopathological changes were evaluated after 3 months. RESULTS Serum lithium levels in experimental rats were within therapeutic range used in humans throughout the entire experiment. After 3 months of treatment, lithium levels were statistically higher in HighLi group. Rats of the LowLi group showed dilation of cortical tubules although with similar clearance of creatinine. Rats from the HighLi group had greater histopathological damage in addition to lower creatinine clearance than the other two groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that during long-term treatments, even with serum lithium levels within the therapeutic range used in humans, the risk of kidney damage could increase proportionally to the serum lithium concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina P Ossani
- Centre of Experimental and Applied Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana M Uceda
- Centre of Experimental and Applied Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Hospital Alemán, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Néstor R Lago
- Centre of Experimental and Applied Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego J Martino
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCyT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Toplan S, Ozdemir S, Tanriverdi G, Akyolcu MC, Ozcelik D, Darıyerli N. The Effects of Lithium Administration on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Rats: Biochemical and Histomorphological Evaluations. Biol Trace Elem Res 2016; 169:279-84. [PMID: 26162622 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0425-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Present study was planned to determine possible dose-dependent effects of lithium (Li) on oxidant-antioxidant status and histomorphological changes in liver and kidney tissues. For this purpose, twenty-four Wistar male rats were equally divided into three groups: the rats in group I served as controls, drinking tap water without lithium. Groups II and III received 0.1 and 0.2 % lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) through their drinking water, respectively, for 30 days. At the end of the experimental period, lithium concentrations, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured in considered tissues. Histomorphological study was also performed on liver and kidney tissues. Compared to controls, MDA was significantly higher but GSH level lower in groups II and III. SOD activity was higher in group III, but no difference was determined in group II in liver tissue. In kidney tissue, there was no difference determined in MDA and GSH levels between control and experimental groups but SOD activity in groups II and III was significantly higher. In histologic sections of both experimental liver and kidney tissues, specific degenerations were observed. The results of the present study show that treatment with lithium carbonate may result in liver and kidney tissue abnormalities and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selmin Toplan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Ozdemir
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gamze Tanriverdi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Can Akyolcu
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dervis Ozcelik
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuran Darıyerli
- Department of Physiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Kiełczykowska M, Kocot J, Lewandowska A, Żelazowska R, Musik I. The protective influence of selenium on oxidant disturbances in brain of rats exposed to lithium. Physiol Res 2015; 64:739-46. [PMID: 25804091 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.932910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For more than sixty years lithium carbonate has been used in medicine. However, during its administration different side effects including oxidative stress can occur. Selenium belongs to essential elements possessing antioxidant properties. This study aimed at evaluating if selenium could be used as a protective adjuvant in lithium therapy. The experiment was performed on four groups of Wistar rats: I (control), II (Li), III (Se), IV (Li + Se) treated with saline, lithium carbonate (2.7 mg Li/kg b.w.), sodium selenite (0.5 mg Se/kg b.w.) and lithium carbonate (2.7 mg Li/kg b.w.) + sodium selenite (0.5 mg Se/kg b.w.), respectively. All substances were administered as water solutions by stomach tube for 3 or 6 weeks. Catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) as well as malonyldialdehyde (MDA) were determined in brain homogenates. Lithium slightly enhanced MDA and depressed CAT and SOD after 6 weeks as well as GPx after 3 weeks. Selenium co-administration showed tendency to restore the disturbed parameters. Selenium alone and given with lithium significantly increased GPx vs. Li-treated group after 3 weeks. Having regarded the outcomes of this study, the research on application of selenium during lithium treatment seems to be worth continuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kiełczykowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
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Cash KJ, Li C, Xia J, Wang LV, Clark HA. Optical drug monitoring: photoacoustic imaging of nanosensors to monitor therapeutic lithium in vivo. ACS NANO 2015; 9:1692-8. [PMID: 25588028 PMCID: PMC4364417 DOI: 10.1021/nn5064858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine could revolutionize how primary care physicians treat chronic disease and how researchers study fundamental biological questions. To realize this goal, we need to develop more robust, modular tools and imaging approaches for in vivo monitoring of analytes. In this report, we demonstrate that synthetic nanosensors can measure physiologic parameters with photoacoustic contrast, and we apply that platform to continuously track lithium levels in vivo. Photoacoustic imaging achieves imaging depths that are unattainable with fluorescence or multiphoton microscopy. We validated the photoacoustic results that illustrate the superior imaging depth and quality of photoacoustic imaging with optical measurements. This powerful combination of techniques will unlock the ability to measure analyte changes in deep tissue and will open up photoacoustic imaging as a diagnostic tool for continuous physiological tracking of a wide range of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Cash
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chiye Li
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jun Xia
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Lihong V. Wang
- Optical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Heather A. Clark
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Corresponding Author Correspondence to:
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Musik I, Kocot J, Kiełczykowska M. Effect of sodium selenite on chosen anti- and pro-oxidative parameters in rats treated with lithium: A pilot study. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 67:446-50. [PMID: 25933952 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential element of antioxidant properties. Lithium is widely used in medicine but its administration can cause numerous side effects including oxidative stress. The present study aimed at evaluating if sodium selenite could influence chosen anti- and pro-oxidant parameters in rats treated with lithium. METHODS The experiment was performed on four groups of Wistar rats: I (control) - treated with saline; II (Li) - treated with lithium (2.7 mgLi/kg b.w. as Li2CO3), III (Se) - treated with selenium (0.5 mgSe/kg b.w. as Na2SeO3), IV (Li+Se) - treated with Li2CO3 and Na2SeO3 together at the same doses as in group II and III, respectively. All treatments were performed by stomach tube for three weeks in form of water solutions. The following anti- and pro-oxidant parameters: total antioxidant status (TAS) value, catalase (CAT) activity, concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) in plasma as well as whole blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured. RESULTS Selenium given alone markedly enhanced whole blood GPx and diminished plasma CAT vs. CONTROL Lithium significantly decreased plasma CAT and slightly increased AA vs. CONTROL Selenium co-administration restored these parameters to the values observed in control animals. Furthermore, selenium co-administration significantly increased GPx in Li-treated rats. All other parameters (TAS, SOD and MDA) were not affected by lithium and/or selenium. CONCLUSION Further research seems to be warranted to decide if application of selenium as an adjuvant in lithium therapy is worth considering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Musik
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
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Kiełczykowska M, Kocot J, Kurzepa J, Lewandowska A, Żelazowska R, Musik I. Could selenium administration alleviate the disturbances of blood parameters caused by lithium administration in rats? Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 158:359-64. [PMID: 24676629 PMCID: PMC4012153 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9952-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Lithium is widely used in medicine, but its administration can cause numerous side effects. The present study aimed at the evaluation of the possible application of selenium, an essential and antioxidant element, as a protective agent against lithium toxicity. The experiment was performed on four groups of Wistar rats: I (control)-treated with saline, II (Li)-treated with lithium (Li2CO3), III (Se)-treated with selenium (Na2SeO3) and IV (Li + Se)-treated with lithium and selenium (Li2CO3 and Na2SeO3) in the form of water solutions by stomach tube for 6 weeks. The following biochemical parameters were measured: concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, urea, creatinine, cholesterol, glucose, total protein and albumin and activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in serum as well as whole blood superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. Morphological parameters such as red blood cells, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, platelets, white blood cells, neutrophils as well as lymphocytes were determined. Lithium significantly increased serum calcium and glucose (2.65 ± 0.17 vs. 2.43 ± 0.11; 162 ± 31 vs. 121 ± 14, respectively), whereas magnesium and albumin were decreased (1.05 ± 0.08 vs. 1.21 ± 0.15; 3.85. ± 0.12 vs. 4.02 ± 0.08, respectively). Selenium given with lithium restored these parameters to values similar to those observed in the control (Ca-2.49 ± 0.08, glucose-113 ± 26, Mg-1.28 ± 0.09, albumin-4.07 ± 0.11). Se alone or co-administered with Li significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase and glutathione peroxidase. The obtained outcomes let us suggest that the continuation of research on the application of selenium as an adjuvant in lithium therapy seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kiełczykowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Joanna Kocot
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Kurzepa
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Lewandowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Renata Żelazowska
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Irena Musik
- Chair and Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Toplan S, Dariyerli N, Ozdemir S, Ozcelik D, Zengin EU, Akyolcu MC. Lithium-induced hypothyroidism: oxidative stress and osmotic fragility status in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 152:373-8. [PMID: 23408263 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9629-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to explore the possible effects of different doses of lithium carbonate on thyroid functions, erythrocyte oxidant-antioxidant status, and osmotic fragility. Twenty-four Wistar-type male rats were equally divided into three groups: groups I and II received 0.1 and0.2 % lithium carbonate in their drinking water, respectively, for 30 days. The rats in group III served as controls, drinking tap water without added lithium. At the end of the experimental period, the erythrocyte osmotic fragility and the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH) were measured in blood samples. Compared to controls, there was a statistically significant increase of TSH but decreases of the T3 and T4 levels in group II. Both experimental groups showed a statistically significant increase of the maximum osmotic fragility limit. The minimum osmotic fragility values of the animals in group II were statistically higher than those of controls. The standard hemolytic increment curve of both experimental groups was shifted to the right when compared to the curve obtained from the controls. Also, relative to controls, the activities of MDA and SOD were significantly higher and the GSH level lower in group II, but not so in group I. The results of the present study show that treatment with lithium carbonate may result in thyroid function abnormalities, increased oxidative damage, and possible compromise of the erythrocyte membrane integrity resulting from increased osmotic fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selmin Toplan
- Department of Biophysics, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects of long term lithium treatment in mouse brain. Biometals 2011; 24:747-57. [PMID: 21373826 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-011-9433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the worldwide approval of lithium therapy in 1970, lithium has been used for its anti-manic, antidepressant, and anti-suicidal effects. The last decade has witnessed the following discoveries about its neuroprotective and neurotrophic properties, yet the therapeutic mechanisms at the cellular level remain not-fully defined. We have undertaken the present study to determine if chronic lithium treatment, at therapeutically relevant concentrations, exerts neurotrophic/neuroprotective effects in the mouse brain in vivo. For this purpose, 10 months aged mice were fed for 3 months on food pellets contained 1 g (L1 group) or 2 g (L2 group) lithium carbonate/kg, resulting in serum concentrations of 0.4 and 0.8 mM, respectively. The evaluation of lipid peroxidation level and the activities of catalase, superoxide-dismutase and glutathione-peroxidase showed that chronic Li administration, at therapeutic doses doesn't induce oxidative stress in brain tissue. No changes in the expression levels of molecular chaperones, namely, the HSP70, and HSP90 heat shock proteins and the GRP94 glucose-regulated protein were detected. Moreover, this treatment has caused (1) an increase in the relative brain weight (2) a delay in the age induced cerebral glucose impairment (3) an enhancement of the neurogenesis in hippocampus and enthorinal cortex highlighted by silver impregnation. Under these experimental conditions, no modifications were observed in expression levels of GSK3 and of its downstream target β-catenin proteins. These results suggested that chronic Li administration, at therapeutic doses, has a neuroprotective/neurotrophic properties and its therapeutic mechanism doesn't implicate GSK3 inactivation.
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Chronic lithium administration triggers an over-expression of GRP94 stress protein isoforms in mouse liver. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48:1638-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2010.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2010] [Revised: 03/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Pizzasegola C, Caron I, Daleno C, Ronchi A, Minoia C, Carrì MT, Bendotti C. Treatment with lithium carbonate does not improve disease progression in two different strains of SOD1 mutant mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 10:221-8. [DOI: 10.1080/17482960902803440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Nciri R, Allagui M, Vincent C, Murat JC, Croute F, El Feki A. The effects of subchronic lithium administration in male Wistar mice on some biochemical parameters. Hum Exp Toxicol 2009; 28:641-6. [PMID: 19767329 DOI: 10.1177/0960327109106486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lithium salts are efficiently used for treatment of psychiatric disorders. However, prolonged treatment frequently involves adverse side effects. In this study, effects of lithium carbonate administration on some biochemical parameters were studied in male mice. Lithium carbonate (20, 40, or 80 mg/kg body weight corresponding to 3.77, 7.54, or 15.08 mg Li element/kg body weight, respectively) was injected daily for 14 or 28 days. The following parameters were recorded: drinking water consumption, body weight, lithium and testosterone serum concentrations, activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide-dismutase (SOD), and glutathione-peroxidase (GPX), and level of lipid peroxidation (expressed as TBARS) in liver was performed. Lithium treatment, especially at the highest dose for 28 days, was found to induce weight gain and polydipsia and a significant decrease of plasma testosterone level. Lipid peroxidation level and activities of SOD and GPX were increased in liver, which suggests a perturbation of the antioxidative status. Our results indicate that subchronic exposure to lithium, which induces weight gain and polydipsia under our experimental conditions, also damages the male reproductive system and triggers an oxidative stress in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nciri
- Laboratoire d'écophysiologie animale, faculté des sciences de Sfax, Tunisie
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Nciri R, Allagui MS, Vincent C, Croute F, Elfeki A. The effects of subchronic lithium administration in male Wistar mice on some biochemical parameters. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2009; 60:273-80. [PMID: 19700386 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.60.2009.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lithium salts are efficiently used for treatment of psychiatric disorders. However, prolonged treatment frequently involves adverse side-effects. In the present work, effects of lithium carbonate administration on some biochemical parameters were studied in male mice. Lithium carbonate (20, 40 or 80 mg/kg body weight, corresponding to 3.77, 7.54 or 15.08 mg Li element/kg body weight, respectively) was injected daily for 14 or 28 days. The following parameters were recorded: water consumption, body weight, lithium and testosterone serum concentrations, activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide-dismutase (SOD) and glutathione-peroxidase (GPX) and level of lipid peroxidation (expressed as TBARS) in liver was performed. Lithium treatment, especially at the highest dose for 28 days, was found to induce weight gain, polydipsia and a significant decrease of plasma testosterone level. Lipid peroxidation level and activities of SOD and GPX were increased in liver which suggests a perturbation of the antioxidative status. Our results indicate that subchronic exposure to lithium, which induces weight gain and polydipsia under our experimental conditions, also damages the male reproductive system and triggers an oxidative stress in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Nciri
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, PB 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunis
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No benefit from chronic lithium dosing in a sibling-matched, gender balanced, investigator-blinded trial using a standard mouse model of familial ALS. PLoS One 2009; 4:e6489. [PMID: 19649300 PMCID: PMC2714460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 07/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In any animal model of human disease a positive control therapy that demonstrates efficacy in both the animal model and the human disease can validate the application of that animal model to the discovery of new therapeutics. Such a therapy has recently been reported by Fornai et al. using chronic lithium carbonate treatment and showing therapeutic efficacy in both the high-copy SOD1G93A mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and in human ALS patients. Methodology/Principal Findings Seeking to verify this positive control therapy, we tested chronic lithium dosing in a sibling-matched, gender balanced, investigator-blinded trial using the high-copy (average 23 copies) SOD1G93A mouse (n = 27–28/group). Lithium-treated mice received single daily 36.9 mg/kg i.p. injections from 50 days of age through death. This dose delivered 1 mEq/kg (6.94 mg/kg/day lithium ions). Neurological disease severity score and body weight were determined daily during the dosing period. Age at onset of definitive disease and survival duration were recorded. Summary measures from individual body weight changes and neurological score progression, age at disease onset, and age at death were compared using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analysis. Our study did not show lithium efficacy by any measure. Conclusions/Significance Rigorous survival study design that includes sibling matching, gender balancing, investigator blinding, and transgene copy number verification for each experimental subject minimized the likelihood of attaining a false positive therapeutic effect in this standard animal model of familial ALS. Results from this study do not support taking lithium carbonate into human clinical trials for ALS.
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