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Agoun H, Semiane N, Mallek A, Bellahreche Z, Hammadi S, Madjerab M, Abdlalli M, Khalkhal A, Dahmani Y. High-carbohydrate diet-induced metabolic disorders in Gerbillus tarabuli (a new model of non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease). Protective effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone. Arch Physiol Biochem 2021; 127:127-135. [PMID: 31190566 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1621350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our study was to reveal the effects of long-term consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) on metabolic dysfunctions and histopathological liver alterations in Gerbillus tarabuli, as well as to assess the preventive effects of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) in the same animals. Contrary to control diet, HCD induces several metabolic disorders including increased adiposity, dyslipidemia, ectopic fat deposition in the liver, associated with higher levels of plasma AST and ALT. These gerbils showed enhanced oxidative stress with liver damages characteristic of steatohepatitis development. By contrast, adding 20E to HCD resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of all changes induced by HCD. In addition, the hepatoprotective effect of 20E was demonstrated by decreased plasma concentrations of AST, ALT and of hepatic malondialdehyde. Our results suggest that G. tarabuli represents a good model to study diet-induced metabolic disorders and hepatic dysfunctions. Moreover, they demonstrate the efficacy of 20E treatment to counteract the damaging effects of HCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadjer Agoun
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nesrine Semiane
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aicha Mallek
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Zineb Bellahreche
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Soumia Hammadi
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Maha Madjerab
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Mohamed Abdlalli
- Service of Pathology and Anatomy, CHU Hussein Dey: Ex: Parnet, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Ali Khalkhal
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Yasmina Dahmani
- LBPO/Nutrition & Metabolism, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
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Yi R, Tan F, Zhou X, Mu J, Li L, Du X, Yang Z, Zhao X. Effects of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 on Lipid Reduction in C57BL/6J Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:573586. [PMID: 33013810 PMCID: PMC7494803 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.573586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are functional foods that can effectively regulate lipid reduction and maintain body health. In this study, a strain of Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC04 (LF-CQPC04) isolated from traditional naturally fermented vegetables (Sichuan pickles) was studied, and its effects on lipid reduction in mice, as well as its mechanism of action, were observed. The results of this experiment show that LF-CQPC04 can reduce the abnormal weight gain and abnormal visceral index of mice caused by a high-fat diet. LF-CQPC04 can decrease TG (triglycerides), TC (total cholesterol), LDL-c (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), AST (aspartate transaminase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), and AKP (alkaline phosphatase) levels and increase HDL-c (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels in the serum of high-fat mice. LF-CQPC04 can also decrease the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-1β (interleukin-1 beta), TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor alpha), and IFN-γ (interferon gamma), and increase IL-4 and IL-10 levels in the serum of high-fat mice. The results of RT-qPCR (real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction) and western blot experiments show that LF-CQPC04 can also down-regulate the expression of PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), C/EBP-α (CCAAT/enhances binding protein alpha) mRNA, and protein in the liver tissue of high-fat mice, while up-regulating the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD (copper/zinc superoxide dismutase), Mn-SOD (manganese superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), CYP7A1 (cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase), PPAR-α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha), CPT1 (carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1), LPL (lipoprotein lipase), and ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1). Moreover, LF-CQPC04 shows stronger effects in regulating lipid reduction in mice than L-carnitine and commercial LB (Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus) bacteria. LF-CQPC04 is beneficial for lipid reduction in animals and has good probiotic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruokun Yi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Fang Tan
- Department of Public Health, Our Lady of Fatima University, Valenzuela, Philippines
| | - Xianrong Zhou
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianfei Mu
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Li
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiping Du
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhennai Yang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Collaborative Innovation Center for Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Functional Food, Chongqing Engineering Laboratory for Research and Development of Functional Food, Chongqing University of Education, Chongqing, China
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De Oliveira CM, De Oliveira C, Scarabelot VL, Ströher R, Macedo IC, Souza A, Lopes BC, Caumo W, Torres ILS. Hypercaloric diet and chronic stress desynchronizes the temporal pattern of rats’ insulin release. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1395528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cleverson Moraes De Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Carla De Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Vanesssa Leal Scarabelot
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS) – Universidade do Oeste do Paraná – UNIOESTE, Cascavel, Brasil
| | - Roberta Ströher
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Isabel Cristina Macedo
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pampa, São Gabriel, Brasil
| | - Andressa Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Bettega Costa Lopes
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Wolnei Caumo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
| | - Iraci Lucena Silva Torres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Laboratório de Farmacologia da Dor e Neuromodulação: Investigações Pré-clínicas, Departamento de Farmacologia – ICBS, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Unidade de Experimentação Animal e Grupo de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS) – Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brasil
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Ventura LLA, Fortes NCL, Santiago HC, Caliari MV, Gomes MA, Oliveira DR. Obesity-induced diet leads to weight gain, systemic metabolic alterations, adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic steatosis, and oxidative stress in gerbils ( Meriones unguiculatus). PeerJ 2017; 5:e2967. [PMID: 28265495 PMCID: PMC5337087 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nowadays, the number of obese people in the world has reached alarming proportions. During the expansion of adipose tissue, a number of functions such as activation and release of cytokines and hormones may be affected. This leads the body to a pro-inflammatory pattern, which may affect the proper functioning of many tissues. Thus, studying the mechanisms by which obesity induces physiological disorders is necessary, and may be facilitated by the use of animal models, in particular rodents. We sought to characterize the metabolic and adipose tissue changes resulting from a diet rich in fats and simple sugars in gerbils. METHODS We divided 14 gerbils into two experimental groups that received a diet rich in simple carbohydrates and fats with 5,86 kcal/g (OB, n = 7) or a standard diet with 4.15 kcal/g (CT; n = 7) for 11 weeks. The animals had free access to water and food. The animal weight and food consumption were measured weekly. Blood, adipose tissue and liver of each animal were collected at the end of experiment. The following parameters were determined: cholesterol (COL), triglycerides (TGL) and glycemia (GLI) in the plasma; cytokines (IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) and hormones (adiponectin and leptin) in adipose tissue; activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), extraction and differentiation of fat and histology in liver. RESULTS The consumption of a diet rich in simple carbohydrates and fats led to increased total body weight and increased relative weights of liver and adipose tissue. In addition, we observed increased fasting glucose levels and circulating triglycerides, along with high TNF-α production in adipose tissue and increased total fat, cholesterol and triglyceride contents in the liver, contributing to higher intensity of hepatic steatosis. On the other hand, the animals of this group showed depletion in the enzyme activity of SOD and CAT in the liver, as well as reduction of IL-10 and adiponectin levels in adipose tissue. DISCUSSION High intake of saturated fat and simple carbohydrates establish the gerbil as an experimental model for the study of metabolic and hepatic abnormalities resulting from obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana L A Ventura
- Department of Parasitologia/Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Nathália C L Fortes
- Department of Nutrição/Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Helton C Santiago
- Department of Bioquímica e Imunologia/Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Marcelo V Caliari
- Department of Patologia Geral/Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Maria A Gomes
- Department of Parasitologia/Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Dirce R Oliveira
- Department of Nutrição/Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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Gouaref I, Detaille D, Wiernsperger N, Khan NA, Leverve X, Koceir EA. The desert gerbil Psammomys obesus as a model for metformin-sensitive nutritional type 2 diabetes to protect hepatocellular metabolic damage: Impact of mitochondrial redox state. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172053. [PMID: 28222147 PMCID: PMC5319739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction While metformin (MET) is the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug worldwide, its beneficial effects in Psammomys obesus (P. obesus), a rodent model that mimics most of the metabolic features of human diabetes, have not been explored thoroughly. Here, we sought to investigate whether MET might improve insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, lipid profile as well as cellular redox and energy balance in P. obesus maintained on a high energy diet (HED). Materials and methods P. obesus gerbils were randomly assigned to receive either a natural diet (ND) consisting of halophytic plants (control group) or a HED (diabetic group) for a period of 24 weeks. MET (50 mg/kg per os) was administered in both animal groups after 12 weeks of feeding, i.e., the time required for the manifestation of insulin resistance in P. obesus fed a HED. Parallel in vitro experiments were conducted on isolated hepatocytes that were shortly incubated (30 min) with MET and energetic substrates (lactate + pyruvate or alanine, in the presence of octanoate). Results In vivo, MET lowered glycemia, glycosylated haemoglobin, circulating insulin and fatty acid levels in diabetic P. obesus. It also largely reversed HED-induced hepatic lipid alterations. In vitro, MET increased glycolysis but decreased both gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis in the presence of glucogenic precursors and medium-chain fatty acid. Importantly, these changes were associated with an increase in cytosolic and mitochondrial redox states along with a decline in respiration capacity. Conclusions MET prevents the progression of insulin resistance in diabetes-prone P. obesus, possibly through a tight control of gluconeogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation depending upon mitochondrial function. While the latter is increasingly becoming a therapeutic issue in diabetes, the gut microbiota is another promising target that would need to be considered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Gouaref
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, Biological Sciences Institute, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP 32, ElAlia, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Dominique Detaille
- Université de Bordeaux, Rhythmology and Heart Modeling Institute, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- Physiologie de la Nutrition & Toxicologie, INSERM U1236, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté (UBFC), Dijon, France
| | - Xavier Leverve
- University Grenoble Alpes, Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Fondamentale et Appliquée (LBFA), INSERM, U1055, Grenoble, France
| | - Elhadj-Ahmed Koceir
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, Biological Sciences Institute, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, BP 32, ElAlia, Algiers, Algeria
- * E-mail:
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Ousmaal MEF, Martínez MC, Andriantsitohaina R, Chabane K, Gaceb A, Mameri S, Giaimis J, Baz A. Increased monocyte/neutrophil and pro-coagulant microparticle levels and overexpression of aortic endothelial caveolin-1β in dyslipidemic sand rat, Psammomys obesus. J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:21-9. [PMID: 26597597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To compare the effects of a high-energy diet (HED) with those of a low-energy diet (LED) on biochemical parameters, microparticle (MP) subpopulations and endothelial caveolin-1 (cav-1) protein expression in Psammomys obesus (P. obesus). METHODS After 12weeks of feeding with either the HED or LED, fasting plasma glucose and lipid parameters were measured using an enzymatic colorimetric kit while serum insulin concentration was determined with radioimmunoassay kits. MP subpopulations and cav-1 protein expression were quantified using flow cytometry and western blot analysis, respectively. RESULTS We observed that the HED caused a marked increase in lipid parameters, even in normoglycemic P. obesus. The total number of circulating MPs and the numbers of platelet-, leukocyte-, and erythrocyte-derived MPs were unaltered in the HED group. However, the HED induced increases in the numbers of monocytes/neutrophils and procoagulant MPs and a decrease in the endothelial MP levels. Cav-1β protein expression and reactive oxygen species production were increased in the vascular endothelium of HED-treated P. obesus. CONCLUSION From these findings, it is indicated that the HED exerts deleterious effects on the vascular system by increasing the monocyte/neutrophil and procoagulant MP levels, which may lead to cav-1β protein overexpression in dyslipidemic P. obesus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Fadel Ousmaal
- Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria; Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - M Carmen Martínez
- INSERM U1063- Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques, Université d'Angers, France.
| | | | - Kahina Chabane
- Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Abderahim Gaceb
- INSERM U1063- Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques, Université d'Angers, France.
| | - Saâdia Mameri
- Laboratory of Anatomopathology, Mustapha Bacha Hospital, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Jean Giaimis
- UMR Qualisud- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier I, Montpellier, France.
| | - Ahsene Baz
- Laboratory of Biology and Animal Physiology, ENS Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
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Pase C, Roversi K, Trevizol F, Kuhn F, Dias V, Roversi K, Vey L, Antoniazzi C, Barcelos R, Bürger M. Chronic consumption of trans fat can facilitate the development of hyperactive behavior in rats. Physiol Behav 2015; 139:344-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Yang SA. Exonic polymorphism (rs315952, Ser133Ser) of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) is related to overweigh/obese with hypertension. J Exerc Rehabil 2014; 10:332-6. [PMID: 25426473 PMCID: PMC4237851 DOI: 10.12965/jer.140155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrated that interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) plays an important role in metabolic effects. To investigate whether IL1RN polymorphisms are associated with obesity, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the IL1RN gene [rs4251961 (-828, T> C) and rs315952 (Ser133Ser)] were analyzed in 122 overweigh/obese and 123 control subjects. Overweigh/obese subjects were classified according to body mass index (BMI). SNPStats was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and P values. Multiple logistic regression models (codominant1, codominant2, dominant, recessive, and log-additive) were conducted to analyze the genetic data. Synonymous SNP (rs315952) of the IL1RN gene was associated with overweigh/obese with hypertension (OR= 4.98, 95% CI= 1.74-14.19, P = 0.003 in codominant 1 model and OR= 3.98, 95% CI= 1.48-10.74, P= 0.0029 in dominant model). However, another SNP (rs4151961) did not show association with overweigh/obese or overweigh/obese with hypertension. These results suggest that exonic SNP of IL1RN (rs 315952, Ser133Ser) may be contributed to overweigh/obese with hyper-tension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ae Yang
- College of Nursing, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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Barcelos RCS, Vey LT, Segat HJ, Roversi K, Roversi K, Dias VT, Trevizol F, Kuhn FT, Dolci GS, Pase CS, Piccolo J, Veit JC, Emanuelli T, Luz SCA, Bürger ME. Cross-generational trans fat intake exacerbates UV radiation-induced damage in rat skin. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 69:38-45. [PMID: 24694906 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the influence of dietary fats on ultraviolet radiation (UVR)-induced oxidative damage in skin of rats. Animals from two consecutive generations born of dams supplemented with fats during pregnancy and breastfeeding were maintained in the same supplementation: soybean-oil (SO, rich in n-6 FA, control group), fish-oil (FO, rich in n-3 FA) or hydrogenated-vegetable-fat (HVF, rich in TFA). At 90 days of age, half the animals from the 2nd generation were exposed to UVR (0.25 J/cm(2)) 3×/week for 12 weeks. The FO group presented higher incorporation of n-3 FA in dorsal skin, while the HVF group incorporated TFA. Biochemical changes per se were observed in skin of the HVF group: greater generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lower mitochondrial integrity and increased Na(+)K(+)-ATPase activity. UVR exposure increased skin wrinkles scores and ROS generation and decreased mitochondrial integrity and reduced-glutathione levels in the HVF group. In FO, UVR exposure was associated with smaller skin thickness and reduced levels of protein-carbonyl, together with increased catalase activity and preserved Na(+)K(+)-ATPase function. In conclusion, while FO may be protective, trans fat may be harmful to skin health by making it more vulnerable to UVR injury and thus more prone to develop photoaging and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C S Barcelos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - L T Vey
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - H J Segat
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - K Roversi
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - Kr Roversi
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - V T Dias
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - F Trevizol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - F T Kuhn
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - G S Dolci
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - C S Pase
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil
| | - J Piccolo
- Departamento de Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Tecnologia dos Alimentos, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - J C Veit
- Departamento de Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Tecnologia dos Alimentos, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - T Emanuelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil; Departamento de Tecnologia dos Alimentos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Tecnologia dos Alimentos, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - S C A Luz
- Departamento de Patologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil
| | - M E Bürger
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), RS, Brazil; Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, UFSM, RS, Brazil.
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Barak O, Kronfeld-Schor N. Activity Rhythms and Masking Response in the Diurnal Fat Sand Rat Under Laboratory Conditions. Chronobiol Int 2013; 30:1123-34. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2013.805337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Pase CS, Roversi K, Trevizol F, Roversi K, Kuhn FT, Schuster AJ, Vey LT, Dias VT, Barcelos RCS, Piccolo J, Emanuelli T, Bürger ME. Influence of perinatal trans fat on behavioral responses and brain oxidative status of adolescent rats acutely exposed to stress. Neuroscience 2013; 247:242-52. [PMID: 23742847 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Because consumption of processed foods has increased in the last decades and so far its potential influence on emotionality and susceptibility to stress is unknown, we studied the influence of different fatty acids (FA) on behavioral and biochemical parameters after acute restrain stress (AS) exposure. Two sequential generations of female rats were supplemented with soybean oil (control group; C-SO), fish oil (FO) and hydrogenated vegetable fat (HVF) from pregnancy and during lactation. At 41days of age, half the animals of each supplemented group were exposed to AS and observed in open field and elevated plus maze task, followed by euthanasia for biochemical assessments. The HVF-supplemented group showed higher anxiety-like symptoms per se, while the C-SO and FO groups did not show these behaviors. Among groups exposed to AS, HVF showed locomotor restlessness in the open field, while both C-SO and HVF groups showed anxiety-like symptoms in the elevated plus maze, but this was not observed in the FO group. Biochemical evaluations showed higher lipoperoxidation levels and lower cell viability in cortex in the HVF group. In addition, HVF-treated rats showed reduced catalase activity in striatum and hippocampus, as well as increased generation of reactive species in striatum, while FO was associated with increased cell viability in the hippocampus. Among groups exposed to AS, HVF increased reactive species generation in the brain, decreased cell viability in the cortex and striatum, and decreased catalase activity in the striatum and hippocampus. Taken together, our findings show that the type of FA provided during development and growth over two generations is able to modify the brain oxidative status, which was particularly adversely affected by trans fat. In addition, the harmful influence of chronic consumption of trans fats as observed in this study can enhance emotionality and anxiety parameters resulting from stressful situations of everyday life, which can trigger more severe neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Pase
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, UFSM, RS, Brazil
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Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a characteristic of obesity and is associated with accompanying insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although proinflammatory cytokines are known for their detrimental effects on adipose tissue function and insulin sensitivity, their beneficial effects in the regulation of metabolism have not drawn sufficient attention. In obesity, inflammation is initiated by a local hypoxia to augment angiogenesis and improve adipose tissue blood supply. A growing body of evidence suggests that macrophages and proinflammatory cytokines are essential for adipose remodeling and adipocyte differentiation. Phenotypes of multiple lines of transgenic mice consistently suggest that proinflammatory cytokines increase energy expenditure and act to prevent obesity. Removal of proinflammatory cytokines by gene knockout decreases energy expenditure and induces adult-onset obesity. In contrast, elevation of proinflammatory cytokines augments energy expenditure and decreases the risk for obesity. Anti-inflammatory therapies have been tested in more than a dozen clinical trials to improve insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in patients with T2DM, and the results are not encouraging. One possible explanation is that anti-inflammatory therapies also attenuate the beneficial effects of inflammation in stimulating energy expenditure, which may have limited the efficacy of the treatment by promoting energy accumulation. Thus, the positive effects of proinflammatory events should be considered in evaluating the impact of inflammation in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Ye
- Antioxidant and Gene Regulation Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State Univ. System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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