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Tekin C, Ercelik M, Dunaev P, Galembikova A, Tezcan G, Aksoy SA, Budak F, Isık O, Ugras N, Boichuk S, Tunca B. Leaf Extract from European Olive (Olea europaea L.) Post-Transcriptionally Suppresses the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Sensitizes Gastric Cancer Cells to Chemotherapy. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:97-115. [PMID: 38467548 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924010061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The overall survival of patients with the advanced and recurrent gastric cancer (GC) remains unfavorable. In particular, this is due to cancer spreading and resistance to chemotherapy associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells. EMT can be identified by the transcriptome profiling of GC for EMT markers. Indeed, analysis of the TCGA and GTEx databases (n = 408) and a cohort of GC patients (n = 43) revealed that expression of the CDH2 gene was significantly decreased in the tumors vs. non-tumor tissues and correlated with the overall survival of GC patients. Expression of the EMT-promoting transcription factors SNAIL and ZEB1 was significantly increased in GC. These data suggest that targeting the EMT might be an attractive therapeutic approach for patients with GC. Previously, we demonstrated a potent anti-cancer activity of the olive leaf extract (OLE). However, its effect on the EMT regulation in GC remained unknown. Here, we showed that OLE efficiently potentiated the inhibitory effect of the chemotherapeutic agents 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (Cis) on the EMT and their pro-apoptotic activity, as was demonstrated by changes in the expression of the EMT markers (E- and N-cadherins, vimentin, claudin-1) in GC cells treated with the aforementioned chemotherapeutic agents in the presence of OLE. Thus, culturing GC cells with 5-FU + OLE or Cis + OLE attenuated the invasive properties of cancer cells. Importantly, upregulation of expression of the apoptotic markers (PARP cleaved form) and increase in the number of cells undergoing apoptosis (annexin V-positive) were observed for GC cells treated with a combination of OLE and 5-FU or Cis. Collectively, our data illustrate that OLE efficiently interferes with the EMT in GC cells and potentiates the pro-apoptotic activity of certain chemotherapeutic agents used for GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cagla Tekin
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Melis Ercelik
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Pavel Dunaev
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Aigul Galembikova
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Gulcin Tezcan
- Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Secil Ak Aksoy
- Inegol Vocation School, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
- Experimental Animal Breeding and Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ferah Budak
- Department of Immunology, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ozgen Isık
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University Bursa, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Ugras
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Sergei Boichuk
- Department of Pathology, Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russia.
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiology, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
- "Biomarker" Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Berrin Tunca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.
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Subasinghe D, Acott N, Mahesh PKB, Sivaganesh S, Munasinghe S, Kumarasinghe MP, Samarasekera DN, Lokuhetty MDS. Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 gene expression positivity determined by silver in situ hybridization/immunohistochemistry methods and associated factors in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with gastric adenocarcinoma: a prospective study. J Int Med Res 2023; 51:3000605231154403. [PMID: 36814374 PMCID: PMC9950620 DOI: 10.1177/03000605231154403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Positive human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) expression and its predictive clinicopathological features remain unclear in Sri Lankan gastric cancer (GC) patients. Here, we aimed to determine GC HER2 status predictors by analyzing associations between clinicopathological features and HER2 expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and silver in situ hybridization (SISH). METHODS During this 4-year prospective study, clinicopathological data were collected from participants in the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. HER2 IHC and SISH were performed using commercial reagents. Using chi-square tests, associations of HER2-IHC/SISH with clinicopathological features were analyzed. RESULTS Overall, 145 GC patients were included, 69 had gastrectomies and 76 had biopsies. Positive HER2 expression by IHC was associated with age <60 years, high T stage (assessed pathologically in resections and radiologically in biopsies), high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, mitosis >5/high-power field, with additional perineural invasion and lymphovascular invasion in resections. These features, excluding lymphovascular invasion but including male sex, were associated with HER2 expression by SISH. CONCLUSIONS Age <60 years, high nuclear grade, tumor necrosis, and perineural invasion are associated factors of HER2 status. These could be used to triage GC patients for HER2 status testing in limited resource settings where IHC/SISH analysis is costly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duminda Subasinghe
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Colombo, University Surgical Unit, The National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo,
Sri Lanka,PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, & School of Pathology
and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia,Duminda Subasinghe, Department of Surgery,
Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, University Surgical Unit, The
National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo 00800, Sri Lanka.
| | - Nathan Acott
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, & School of Pathology
and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | | | - Sivasuriya Sivaganesh
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Colombo, University Surgical Unit, The National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo,
Sri Lanka
| | - Sithum Munasinghe
- Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney
University, Campbelltown Campus, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mariyan Priyanthi Kumarasinghe
- PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, & School of Pathology
and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Dharmabandu Nandaveva Samarasekera
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Colombo, University Surgical Unit, The National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo,
Sri Lanka
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Hu J, Song Y, Cai X, Halina H, Qiao K, Lu J, Yin C, Gao F. A novel pyroptosis gene expression-based risk score for survival in gastric cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1120216. [PMID: 36793271 PMCID: PMC9922719 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1120216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly heterogeneous disease, which makes treatment and prognosis prediction difficult. Pyroptosis plays a vital role in the development of GC and influence the prognosis of GC. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as regulators of gene expressions, are among putative biomarkers and therapeutic targets. However, the importance of pyroptosis-associated lncRNAs is still unclear in predicting prognosis in gastric cancer. METHODS In this study, the mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of GC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A pyroptosis-related lncRNA signature was constructed based on TCGA databases by using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method Cox regression model. GC patients from the GSE62254 database cohort were used for validation. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to determine the independent predictors for OS. Gene set enrichment analyses were performed to explore the potential regulatory pathways. The immune cell infiltration level was analyzed via CIBERSORT. RESULTS A four-pyroptosis-related lncRNA (ACVR2B-AS1, PRSS30P, ATP2B1-AS1, RMRP) signature was constructed using LASSO Cox regression analysis. GC patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups, and patients in the high-risk group showed significant worse prognosis in TNM stage, gender, and age. The risk score was an independent predictor for OS by multivariate Cox analysis. Functional analysis indicated that the immune cell infiltrate was different between high- and low-risk groups. CONCLUSION The pyroptosis-related lncRNA prognostic signature can be used for predicting prognosis in GC. Moreover, the novel signature might provide clinical therapeutic intervention for GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center For Digestive Disease, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xintian Cai
- Department of Graduate School, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Halike Halina
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center For Digestive Disease, Urumqi, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center For Digestive Disease, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiajie Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center For Digestive Disease, Urumqi, China
| | - Chengliang Yin
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Gao, ; Chengliang Yin,
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center For Digestive Disease, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Gao, ; Chengliang Yin,
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Chen C, Shen J, Du Y, Shi X, Niu Y, Jin G, Liu Y, Shi Y, Lyu J, Lin L. Characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with gastric cancer by surgery, chemotherapy and lymph node metastasis. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 24:2181-2190. [PMID: 35794453 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-02875-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a malignant gastrointestinal tumor that can result in high mortality. Surgery and chemotherapy are often used for the effective treatment of GC. In addition, lymph node metastasis is a significant factor affecting the therapy of GC. Current researches have revealed that gut microbiota has the potential as biomarkers to distinguish healthy people and GC patients. However, the relationship between surgery, chemotherapy, and lymph node metastasis is still unclear. METHODS In this study, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to investigate 157 GC fecal samples to identify the role of surgery, chemotherapy, and lymph node metastasis. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to value the expression of Ki67, HER2 in GC patient tissues. RESULTS There exist some gut microbiotas which can distinguish surgery from non-surgery GC patients, including Enterococcus, Megasphaera, Corynebacterium, Roseburia, and Lachnospira. Differences between lymph node metastasis and chemotherapy in GC patients are not significant. Moreover, we found the abundance of Blautia, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira were related to the expression of Ki67 and the abundance of Prevotella, Lachnospira, Eubacterium, Desulfovibiro were correlated with the expression of HER2. CONCLUSIONS The choice of treatment has a certain impact on the intestinal flora of patients with gastric cancer. Our research shows that surgery has a great effect on the intestinal flora of patients with gastric cancer. However, there were no significant differences in the characteristics of intestinal flora in patients with gastric cancer whether they received chemotherapy or whether they had lymph node metastasis. In addition, the association of gut microbiota with Ki67 and HER2 indicators is expected to provide the possibility of gut microbiota as a tumor prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchang Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Medical Administration, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaoqiang Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinwei Shi
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Zhejiang Eye Hospital), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaofang Niu
- Hangzhou Guhe Information and Technology Company, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gulei Jin
- Hangzhou Guhe Information and Technology Company, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanxin Liu
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongkang Shi
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lijun Lin
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Sun P, Antwi SO, Sartorius K, Zheng X, Li X. Tumor Microenvironment, Clinical Features, and Advances in Therapy for Bone Metastasis in Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194888. [PMID: 36230816 PMCID: PMC9563035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most malignant neoplasms worldwide, accounting for about 770,000 deaths in 2020. The incidence of gastric cancer bone metastasis (GC-BM) is low, about 0.9–13.4%, and GC patients develop GC-BM because of a suitable bone microenvironment. Osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and tumor cells interact with each other, secreting cytokines such as PTHrP, RANK-L, IL-6, and other growth factors that disrupt the normal bone balance and promote tumor growth. The functions and numbers of immune cells in the bone microenvironment are continuously inhibited, resulting in bone balance disorder due to the cytokines released from destroyed bone and growing tumor cells. Patients with GC-BM are generally younger than 65 years old and they often present with a later stage of the disease, as well as more aggressive tumors. They usually have shorter overall survival (OS) because of the occurrence of skeletal-related events (SREs) and undetected bone destruction due to the untimely bone inspection. Current treatments of GC-BM focus mainly on gastric cancer and SRE-related treatment. This article reviews the clinical features, possible molecular pathogeneses, and the most commonly used diagnostic methods and treatments of bone metastasis in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Sun
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
| | - Samuel O. Antwi
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Kurt Sartorius
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
- UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Unit, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Tumor Biological Treatment, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou 213004, China
- The Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium (AHPBCC), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (X.L.)
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Expression and the Prognostic Value of Biglycan in Gastric Cancer. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2656480. [PMID: 36110576 PMCID: PMC9470332 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2656480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Biglycan (BGN) is a family member of small leucine-rich repeat proteoglycans. High expression of BGN might enhance the invasion and metastasis in some types of tumors. Here, the prognostic significance of BGN was evaluated in gastric cancer. Material and Methods. Two independent Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) gastric cancer microarray datasets (n = 64 and n = 432) were collected for this study. Kaplan-Meier analysis was applied to evaluate if BGN impacts the outcomes of gastric cancer. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was performed on gastric cancer-related genes and BGN targets, and those interactions with confidence interval (CI) ≥ 0.7 were chosen to construct a PPI network. The gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to explore BGN and cancer-related gene signatures. Gene Transcription Regulation Database (GTRD) and ALGGEN-PROMO predicted the transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) of the BGN promoter. BGN protein level in gastric cancer tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Bioinformatic analysis predicted the putative TFs of BGN. Results For gastric cancer, the mRNA expression level of BGN in tumor tissue was significantly higher than that in normal tissue. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that higher expression of BGN mRNA was significantly associated with more reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS). GSEA results suggested that BGN was significantly enriched in gene signatures related to metastasis and poor prognosis, revealing that BGN might be associated with cell proliferation, poor differentiation, and high invasiveness of gastric cancer. Meanwhile, the putative TFs, including AR, E2F1, and TCF4, were predicted by bioinformatic analysis and also significantly correlated with expression of BGN in mRNA levels. Conclusion High expression of BGN mRNA was significantly related to poor prognosis, which suggested that BGN was a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of gastric cancer.
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Zhao C, Miao J, Sun R, Liang R, Chen W, Gao Y, Wang X, Han S, Zhao W, Lei T, Huang C. MBD1/HDAC3-miR-5701-FGFR2 axis promotes the development of gastric cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5878-5894. [PMID: 35876658 PMCID: PMC9365560 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide due to the lack of specific biomarkers for the early diagnosis and universal accepted therapy for advanced GC. Lower levels of miR-5701 were found in the GC tissue from the online sequencing data and confirmed in the GC tissues and GC cell lines. Overexpression of miR-5701 inhibited the proliferation and migration of GC cells and promoted the apoptosis of these cells. Bioinformatics analyses and luciferase assay showed that miR-5701 targeted FGFR2, which acted as an oncogene in GC. Nude mice with GC cells overexpressing miR-5701 exhibited smaller tumor sizes and less lung metastases. The miR-5701 expression was directly, transcriptionally inhibited by MBD1 together with HDAC3 by binding together to form a complex. Knocked down MBD1 or HDAC3 increased the miR-5701 expression. These results indicated the potential use of exogenously administered miR-5701 or agents that elevated endogenous miR-5701 to inhibit GC, improving the prognosis of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiyu Miao
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Sun
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Chest Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenhu Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Yi Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Medical School of Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuiping Han
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenbao Zhao
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Lei
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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8
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Zheng W, Sun G, Li Z, Wu F, Sun G, Cao H, Zhou J, Ma Y. The Effect of Anlotinib Combined with anti-PD-1 in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. Front Surg 2022; 9:895982. [PMID: 35495754 PMCID: PMC9039330 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.895982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) signaling pathway has been confirmed to be involved in the proliferation, differentiation and migration of tumor cells. Anlotinib, as a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), has been confirmed to have significant therapeutic effects on non-small cell lung cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma, but the therapeutic effect on gastric cancer (GC) is still unclear. Methods Anlotinib was screened out of 880 drugs through Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) technology. TCGA was used to detect the expression of VEGFR in GC, and Kaplan-Meier Plotter was used to analyze the correlation between the expression of VEGFR and the survival rate of GC patients. The impacts exerted by anlotinib to GC cell proliferating, migrating and invading processes were assessed through wound healing assay, transwell assay, and proliferation assay in vitro. In vivo experiments of GC were performed in C57/B6 mouse model to evaluate the function of anlotinib and PD-1 antibody. Results It was found from more than compunds that anlotinib has a significant inhibitory effect on GC cells. In vitro experiments show that anlotinib can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion and proliferation of GC cells. The expression level of VEGFR is related to the prognosis and survival of GC. GC patients with low expression of VEGFR have better survival. Anlotinib can inhibit the expression of PD-L1, and achieve better therapeutic effects after combined with PD-1 antibody. Conclusion The present study reveals that anlotinib down regulates PD-L1. The combination of anlotinib and PD-1 monoclonal antibody is beneficial to GC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Hongyong Cao
- Correspondence: Hongyong Cao ; Jin Zhou ; Yong Ma
| | - Jin Zhou
- Correspondence: Hongyong Cao ; Jin Zhou ; Yong Ma
| | - Yong Ma
- Correspondence: Hongyong Cao ; Jin Zhou ; Yong Ma
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9
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Tam TDT, Ngoc TTB, Nga NTH, Trinh NTM, Thuoc TL, Thao DTP. Ethyl acetate extract of Elephantopus mollis Kunth induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:273. [PMID: 34717604 PMCID: PMC8557499 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03444-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the most leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Therefore, treatment studies have been being conducted, one of which is screening of novel agents from medicinal herbs. Elephantopus mollis Kunth (EM) belonging to Asteraceae family is a perennial herb with several therapeutic properties including anticancer activity. However, the effect of this species on gastric cancer has not been reported yet. In this study, cytotoxicity of different EM crude extracts was investigated on AGS gastric cancer cell line. Besides, the effects of extract on nuclear morphology, caspase-3 activation, and gene expression were also explored. Results The results showed that ethyl acetate extract exhibited a remarkably inhibitory ability (IC50 = 27.5 μg/ml) on the growth of AGS cells, while causing less toxicity to normal human fibroblasts. The extract also induced apoptotic deaths in AGS cells as evidenced by cell shrinkage, formation of apoptotic bodies, nuclear fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, and the upregulation of BAK and APAF-1 pro-apoptotic genes related to mitochondrial signaling pathway. Specifically, BAK and APAF-1 mRNA expression levels showed 2.57 and 2.71-fold increases respectively. Conclusions The current study not only proved the anti-gastric cancer activity of EM ethyl acetate extract but also proposed its molecular mechanism. The extract could be a potential candidate for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Dang Thanh Tam
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Truong Thi Bich Ngoc
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Cancer Research, VNU-HCM, University of Science, Duong so 4, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hoai Nga
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vo Truong Toan, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi My Trinh
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Cancer Research, VNU-HCM, University of Science, Duong so 4, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Tran Linh Thuoc
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Laboratory of Cancer Research, VNU-HCM, University of Science, Duong so 4, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vo Truong Toan, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Phuong Thao
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology, VNU-HCM, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Laboratory of Cancer Research, VNU-HCM, University of Science, Duong so 4, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam. .,Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vo Truong Toan, Linh Trung, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam.
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10
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Thakkar PV, Kita K, Castillo UD, Galletti G, Madhukar N, Navarro EV, Barasoain I, Goodson HV, Sackett D, Díaz JF, Lu Y, RoyChoudhury A, Molina H, Elemento O, Shah MA, Giannakakou P. CLIP-170S is a microtubule +TIP variant that confers resistance to taxanes by impairing drug-target engagement. Dev Cell 2021; 56:3264-3275.e7. [PMID: 34672971 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Taxanes are widely used cancer chemotherapeutics. However, intrinsic resistance limits their efficacy without any actionable resistance mechanism. We have discovered a microtubule (MT) plus-end-binding CLIP-170 protein variant, hereafter CLIP-170S, which we found enriched in taxane-resistant cell lines and patient samples. CLIP-170S lacks the first Cap-Gly motif, forms longer comets, and impairs taxane access to its MT luminal binding site. CLIP-170S knockdown reversed taxane resistance in cells and xenografts, whereas its re-expression led to resistance, suggesting causation. Using a computational approach in conjunction with the connectivity map, we unexpectedly discovered that Imatinib was predicted to reverse CLIP-170S-mediated taxane resistance. Indeed, Imatinib treatment selectively depleted CLIP-170S, thus completely reversing taxane resistance. Other RTK inhibitors also depleted CLIP-170S, suggesting a class effect. Herein, we identify CLIP-170S as a clinically prevalent variant that confers taxane resistance, whereas the discovery of Imatinib as a CLIP-170S inhibitor provides novel therapeutic opportunities for future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Isabel Barasoain
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Dan Sackett
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Yao Lu
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Healthcare Policy & Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Arindam RoyChoudhury
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, the Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
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11
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Catenacci DV, Chao J, Muro K, Al‐Batran SE, Klempner SJ, Wainberg ZA, Shah MA, Rha SY, Ohtsu A, Liepa AM, Knoderer H, Chatterjee A, Van Cutsem E. Toward a Treatment Sequencing Strategy: A Systematic Review of Treatment Regimens in Advanced Gastric Cancer/Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1704-e1729. [PMID: 34288262 PMCID: PMC8488781 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platinum and fluoropyrimidine combinations typically comprise first-line (1L) therapy in advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma (G/GEA), although controversy exists regarding the use of 5doublet versus triplet cytotoxic regimens. Historically, second-line (2L) and third-line or later (3L+) therapy has been fragmented. Recent trials have increased the need for optimal treatment sequencing in advanced G/GEA. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic search of peer-reviewed manuscripts of randomized clinical trials examining 1L, 2L, and 3L+ therapy for advanced G/GEA published from 2009 through November 19, 2019. When available, overall survival, progression-free survival, time to progression, overall response rate, and toxicity were extracted from each and compared descriptively. RESULTS In 1L therapy, chemotherapy triplets demonstrated variable efficacy improvements with invariable increased toxicity compared with platinum/fluoropyrimidine doublets. Currently, the only published report of positive outcomes using biologics in 1L describes adding trastuzumab in HER2-overexpressing advanced G/GEA. In 2L, doublet chemotherapy regimens are not uniformly more efficacious than single-agent taxanes or irinotecan, and ramucirumab has demonstrated improved outcomes both as monotherapy and in combination. CONCLUSION For advanced G/GEA, review of trial results from 2009-2019 support 1L therapy with platinum and fluoropyrimidine and sequencing with taxanes or irinotecan in combination with biologics as effective 2L options. Escalating to a triplet may add some efficacy at the expense of added toxicity. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The rapidly changing treatment landscape for advanced gastric cancer includes increasing options for refractory disease. With multiple first-line platinum-based regimens, identification of those with the best benefit-to-risk ratio may provide guidance on treatment sequencing strategies. This article presents findings from the published literature of randomized controlled trials that included a first-line platinum/fluoropyrimidine combination and, for second-line trials, patients with platinum/fluoropyrimidine-refractory disease. This guiding summary could be a tool for clinicians to identify the optimal first-line regimen(s) followed by a strategy for subsequent regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. Catenacci
- University of Chicago Medical Center & Biological SciencesChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Joseph Chao
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer CenterDuarteCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kei Muro
- Aichi Cancer Center HospitalNagoyaJapan
| | | | | | | | | | - Sun Young Rha
- Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulKorea
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric Van Cutsem
- Digestive Oncology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven and KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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12
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Tseng HH, Chen YZ, Chou NH, Chen YC, Wu CC, Liu LF, Yang YF, Yeh CY, Kung ML, Tu YT, Tsai KW. Metformin inhibits gastric cancer cell proliferation by regulation of a novel Loc100506691-CHAC1 axis. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2021; 22:180-194. [PMID: 34514098 PMCID: PMC8416970 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of nonprotein coding transcripts that play a critical role in cancer progression. However, the role of lncRNA in metformin-induced inhibition of cell growth and its biological function in gastric cancer remain largely unknown. In this study, we identified an oncogenic lncRNA, Loc100506691, the expression of which was decreased in gastric cancer cells with metformin treatment. Moreover, Loc100506691 was significantly overexpressed in gastric cancer compared with adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.001), and high Loc100506691 expression was significantly correlated with poor survival of patients with gastric cancer. Additionally, Loc100506691 knockdown could significantly suppress gastric cancer cell growth in vitro, and ectopic Loc100506691 expression accelerated tumor growth in an in vivo mouse model. Analysis of the cell cycle revealed that Loc100506691 knockdown induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase by impairing cell entry from the G2/M to G1 phase. Loc100506691 negatively regulated CHAC1 expression by modulating miR-26a-5p/miR-330-5p expression, and CHAC1 knockdown markedly attenuated Loc100506691 knockdown-induced gastric cancer cell growth and motility suppression. We concluded that anti-proliferative effects of metformin in gastric cancer may be partially caused by suppression of the Loc100506691-miR-26a-5p/miR-330-5p-CHAC1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hwa Tseng
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23124, Taiwan
| | - You-Zuo Chen
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Hua Chou
- Department of Surgery Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chih Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical of Foundation, New Taipei City 23124, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chuan Wu
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical of Foundation, New Taipei City 23124, Taiwan
| | - Li-Feng Liu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Fang Yang
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Yeh
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Lang Kung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Tu
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23124, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Wang Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23124, Taiwan
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13
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Wu S, Chen M, Huang J, Zhang F, Lv Z, Jia Y, Cui YZ, Sun LZ, Wang Y, Tang Y, Verhoeft KR, Li Y, Qin Y, Lin X, Guan XY, Lam KO. ORAI2 Promotes Gastric Cancer Tumorigenicity and Metastasis through PI3K/Akt Signaling and MAPK-Dependent Focal Adhesion Disassembly. Cancer Res 2020; 81:986-1000. [PMID: 33310726 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous second messenger Ca2+ has long been recognized as a key regulator in cell migration. Locally confined Ca2+, in particular, is essential for building front-to-rear Ca2+ gradient, which serves to maintain the morphologic polarity required in directionally migrating cells. However, little is known about the source of the Ca2+ and the mechanism by which they crosstalk between different signaling pathways in cancer cells. Here, we report that calcium release-activated calcium modulator 2 (ORAI2), a poorly characterized store-operated calcium (SOC) channel subunit, predominantly upregulated in the lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer, supports cell proliferation and migration. Clinical data reveal that a high frequency of ORAI2-positive cells in gastric cancer tissues significantly correlated with poor differentiation, invasion, lymph node metastasis, and worse prognosis. Gain- and loss-of-function showed that ORAI2 promotes cell motility, tumor formation, and metastasis in both gastric cancer cell lines and mice. Mechanistically, ORAI2 mediated SOC activity and regulated tumorigenic properties through the activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Moreover, ORAI2 enhanced the metastatic ability of gastric cancer cells by inducing FAK-mediated MAPK/ERK activation and promoted focal adhesion disassembly at rear-edge of the cell. Collectively, our results demonstrate that ORAI2 is a novel gene that plays an important role in the tumorigenicity and metastasis of gastric cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings describe the critical role of ORAI2 in gastric cancer cell migration and tumor metastasis and uncover the translational potential to advance drug discovery along the ORAI2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayi Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Miao Chen
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feifei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhaojie Lv
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yongxu Jia
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Cui
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liang-Zhan Sun
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krista R Verhoeft
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Ka-On Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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14
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Li B, Chen M, Pan MX. Sex determining region Y-box 2 is a prognostic factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Evidence from 11 published investigations. J Cancer Res Ther 2020; 16:434-439. [PMID: 32719247 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.189238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to review the published literature and investigate whether sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a prognostic factor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) by conduct a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods Trials were identified from the major electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) using the key words "HNSCC" and "SOX2." The overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DPS), and disease-free survival (DFS) were the primary outcome measures. Results We identified 371 articles, 9 articles 11 studies with a total number of 1334 cases were eligible for inclusion of this meta-analysis. The results showed that OS (DPS) in low-expression group was higher than that in high-expression group. However, the difference between the two groups was not significant (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = [0.88, 1.91]; P = 0.18), and there was great statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 66%, P = 0.002). After subgroup analysis, the HR for OS of the patients with reduced expression of SOX2 was 1.34 (95% CI = [1.04, 1.74], P = 0.03), and the heterogeneity became acceptable (I2 = 32%, P = 0.16). The HR for DFS of the patients with reduced expression of SOX2 was 1.39 (95% CI = [1.00, 1.93]; P = 0.05). Conclusion The findings of this meta-analysis are indicative of that high SOX2 expression is a negative prognostic factor of HNSCC and exhibit both worse OS and DFS. However, the small sample size available for this systematic review limited the power of this quantitative meta-analysis. It may therefore be too early to place complete confidence in these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 541001, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 541001, China
| | - Meng-Xiong Pan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 541001, China
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15
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Accordino G, Lettieri S, Bortolotto C, Benvenuti S, Gallotti A, Gattoni E, Agustoni F, Pozzi E, Rinaldi P, Primiceri C, Morbini P, Lancia A, Stella GM. From Interconnection between Genes and Microenvironment to Novel Immunotherapeutic Approaches in Upper Gastro-Intestinal Cancers-A Multidisciplinary Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082105. [PMID: 32751137 PMCID: PMC7465773 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the progress during the last decade, patients with advanced gastric and esophageal cancers still have poor prognosis. Finding optimal therapeutic strategies represents an unmet need in this field. Several prognostic and predictive factors have been evaluated and may guide clinicians in choosing a tailored treatment. Data from large studies investigating the role of immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers are promising but further investigations are necessary to better select those patients who can mostly benefit from these novel therapies. This review will focus on the treatment of metastatic esophageal and gastric cancer. We will review the standard of care and the role of novel therapies such as immunotherapies and CAR-T. Moreover, we will focus on the analysis of potential predictive biomarkers such as Modify as: Microsatellite Instability (MSI) and PD-L1, which may lead to treatment personalization and improved treatment outcomes. A multidisciplinary point of view is mandatory to generate an integrated approach to properly exploit these novel antiproliferative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Accordino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Sara Lettieri
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Chandra Bortolotto
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Silvia Benvenuti
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, Fondazione del Piemonte per l’Oncologia (FPO)-IRCCS-Str. Prov.le 142, km. 3,95, 10060 Candiolo (TO), Italy;
| | - Anna Gallotti
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (C.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Gattoni
- Department of Oncology, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) AL, 27000 Casale Monferrato (AL), Italy;
| | - Francesco Agustoni
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (F.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Emma Pozzi
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Oncology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (F.A.); (E.P.)
| | - Pietro Rinaldi
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (P.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Cristiano Primiceri
- Department of Intensive Medicine, Unit of Thoracic Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (P.R.); (C.P.)
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Unit of Pathology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Lancia
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Radiation Therapy, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Giulia Maria Stella
- Department of Medical Sciences and Infective Diseases, Unit of Respiratory Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Policlinico San Matteo Foundation and University of Pavia Medical School, 27000 Pavia, Italy; (G.A.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382503369; Fax: +39-0382502719
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16
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Sun Y, Deng R, Zhang C. Erastin induces apoptotic and ferroptotic cell death by inducing ROS accumulation by causing mitochondrial dysfunction in gastric cancer cell HGC‑27. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:2826-2832. [PMID: 32945484 PMCID: PMC7453531 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Erastin, a classical inducer of non-apoptotic cell death, exerts cytotoxicity in several types of cancer cells, including gastric cancer cells, by depleting glutathione, which is a primary cellular antioxidant, thus causing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Although numerous studies have focused on the non-apoptotic cell death induced by erastin, whether erastin induces apoptosis remains unknown. The present study confirmed the cytotoxicity of erastin in HGC-27 cells and used a 30% inhibitory concentration (IC30, approximately 6.23 µM) for further analysis. The cell cycle analysis revealed that 6.23 µM of erastin inhibited proliferation by blocking the cell cycle at the G1/G0 phase. Further analysis also showed that 6.23 µM of erastin clearly inhibited HGC-27 malignant behaviors, including migration, invasion, colony formation and tumor formation in soft agar. The observation of ROS accumulation due to erastin treatment led to determination of the effects of erastin on mitochondrial function and, as expected, erastin treatment decreased transcriptional activity and ATP production in mitochondria and disrupted the mitochondrial potential; these effects were reversed by the addition of the ROS scavenger NAC. To evaluate the effect of erastin in inducing apoptosis, HGC-27 cells were treated with 6.23 µM of erastin for 7 days and then analyzed. Evident apoptotic cell death was induced by erastin and this apoptosis was reversed by the addition of an apoptosis inhibitor (zVAD) or NAC but not by the addition of a ferroptosis inhibitor (ferrostatin-1). Furthermore, the detection of caspase-3 and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) also confirmed that treatment with erastin promoted the cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP, which are hallmarks of apoptosis. Taken together, the present study revealed that a low dose of erastin inhibited malignant behavior and induced apoptosis by causing mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwei Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Rongrong Deng
- Medicine School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Cuiwei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, P.R. China
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17
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Shah MA, Enzinger P, Ko AH, Ocean AJ, Philip PA, Thakkar PV, Cleveland K, Lu Y, Kortmansky J, Christos PJ, Zhang C, Kaur N, Elmonshed D, Galletti G, Sarkar S, Bhinder B, Pittman ME, Plotnikova OM, Kotlov N, Frenkel F, Bagaev A, Elemento O, Betel D, Giannakakou P, Lenz HJ. Multicenter Phase II Study of Cabazitaxel in Advanced Gastroesophageal Cancer: Association of HER2 Expression and M2-Like Tumor-Associated Macrophages with Patient Outcome. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:4756-4766. [PMID: 32641434 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-3920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We examined cabazitaxel, a novel next-generation taxoid, in patients with metastatic gastric cancer in a multicenter phase II study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients who have progressed on one or more prior therapies for locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic disease were eligible, and prior taxane therapy was allowed. Taxane-naïve and pretreated cohorts were analyzed independently for efficacy. The primary endpoint for both cohorts was progression-free survival (PFS) using RECIST 1.1, using a Simon's two-stage design (10% significance and 80% power) for both cohorts. Comprehensive molecular annotation included whole exome and bulk RNA sequencing. RESULTS Fifty-three patients enrolled in the taxane-naïve cohort (Arm A) and 23 patients in the prior-taxane cohort (Arm B), from January 8, 2013, to April 8, 2015: median age 61.7 years (range, 35.5-91.8 years), 66% male, 66% Caucasian. The most common adverse events included neutropenia (17% Arm A and 39% Arm B), fatigue/muscle weakness (13%), and hematuria (12%). In Arm A, the 3-month PFS rate was 28% [95% confidence interval (CI), 17%-42%] and did not meet the prespecified efficacy target. The 3-month PFS rate in Arm B was 35% (95% CI, 16%-57%) and surpassed its efficacy target. HER2 amplification or overexpression was associated with improved disease control (P = 0.003), PFS (P = 0.04), and overall survival (P = 0.002). An M2 macrophage signature was also associated with improved survival (P = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS Cabazitaxel has modest activity in advanced gastric cancer, including in patients previously treated with taxanes. Her2 amplification/overexpression and M2 high macrophage signature are potential biomarkers for taxane efficacy that warrant further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish A Shah
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York. .,Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Peter Enzinger
- Dana-Farber Cancer Center, Medical Oncology, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrew H Ko
- University of California San Francisco, Medical Oncology, San Francisco, California
| | - Allyson J Ocean
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Philip Agop Philip
- Department of Medical Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Prashant V Thakkar
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Kyle Cleveland
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Yao Lu
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jeremy Kortmansky
- Yale Cancer Center, Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Paul J Christos
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Chao Zhang
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Navjot Kaur
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Dina Elmonshed
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Giuseppe Galletti
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Sandipto Sarkar
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Bhavneet Bhinder
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Englander Institute of Precision Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Meredith E Pittman
- Department of Anatomic and Clinical Pathology, Weill Cornell, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | | | - Olivier Elemento
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Doron Betel
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York.,Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Paraskevi Giannakakou
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Heinz-Josef Lenz
- University of Southern California, Norris Cancer Center, Medical Oncology, Los Angeles, California
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18
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A 3'-tRNA-derived fragment enhances cell proliferation, migration and invasion in gastric cancer by targeting FBXO47. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 690:108467. [PMID: 32592804 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates that tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) exert important effects and are dysregulated in various human cancer types. However, their roles in gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. Here we identified the functional effects of tRF-3019a (derived from tRNA-Ala-AGC-1-1) in GC. We demonstrated that tRF-3019a was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines. Phenotypic studies revealed that tRF-3019a overexpression enhances GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Conversely, tRF-3019a knockdown inhibits GC cell malignant activities. Mechanistic investigation implies that tRF-3019a directly regulates tumor suppressor gene FBXO47. Furthermore, tRF-3019a levels may discriminate GC tissues from nontumorous tissues. Taken together, our results reveal that tRF-3019a modulates GC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting FBXO47, and it may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for GC.
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19
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CCL19 suppresses gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through the CCL19/CCR7/AIM2 pathway. Hum Cell 2020; 33:1120-1132. [PMID: 32564199 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) has been reported to be an important inflammasome component that exerts tumor suppression in several tumors. However, whether CCL19/CCR7/AIM2 is involved in the progression of GC still remains unclear. Quantitative real-time and ELISA assay were used to determine the expressions of AIM2, CCL19 and CCR7 in GC tissues and cell lines. CCK-8, Edu staining, flow cytometry, Transwell assay, and tumorigenesis in nude mice were used to explore the function of AIM2 and CCL19 in vitro and in vivo. Apoptosis and inflammation-related biomarkers were detected by Western blot and ELISA assay. H&E staining was used to assess the histological changes in the subcutaneous tumor model. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate the expression of Ki-67. We found that expression levels of AIM2, CCL19 and CCR7 were obviously lower in early GC tissues than those in progressive GC tissues. In vitro assays revealed that CCL19 treatment could enhance the suppressive effects of AIM2 overexpression on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion through CCR7. An in vivo assay also demonstrated that silencing of AIM2 reversed the suppressive effects of CCL19 on tumor growth. Collectively, CCL19 overexpression significantly inhibited GC cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo by up-regulating the CCR7/AIM2 pathway. Thus, CCL19 activated CCR7/AIM2 signaling pathway and it may be a potential therapeutic approach for GC therapy.
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20
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Wang J, Wu DX, Meng L, Ji G. Anlotinib combined with SOX regimen (S1 (tegafur, gimeracil and oteracil porassium capsules) + oxaliplatin) in treating stage IV gastric cancer: study protocol for a single-armed and single-centred clinical trial. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e034685. [PMID: 32499264 PMCID: PMC7279648 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anlotinib hydrochloride is a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets angiogenesis-related kinases and has already showed good safety and efficacy in some solid tumours. However, evidence on the safety and feasibility of anlotinib in patients with stage IV gastric cancer is scarce. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study is a single-armed and single-centred clinical study being designed to include 150 patients of stage IV gastric cancer. The patients' demographics, pathological characteristics, test results of blood, biochemistry and tumour markers before and after medication, disease-free survival and overall survival will be collected and analysed. The primary and main efficacy outcomes are objective response rate, progression-free survival, disease control rate and overall survival. The secondary efficacy outcome is safety indicator including the incidence of adverse drug reactions and adverse events after administration. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval has been obtained from the Ethics Committee at the First Affiliated Hospital (Xijing Hospital) of Fourth Military Medical University (KY20192111-F-1). The results of this study will be disseminated at several research conferences and as published articles in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR1900026291 (registration date: 29 September 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wang
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Xue Wu
- Medical Department, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Meng
- Medical Department, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gang Ji
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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21
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Wang RG, Zhang D, Zhao CH, Wang QL, Qu H, He QS. FKBP10 functioned as a cancer-promoting factor mediates cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via regulating PI3K signaling pathway in stomach adenocarcinoma. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 36:311-317. [PMID: 31868996 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
As documented, the expression, biological roles, and prognostic significance of FKBP10 in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) have not been investigated till now. This drives us to detect the biological roles and clinical significance of FKBP10 in STAD. The expression level of FKBP10 was measured based on the data obtained from the TCGA, ONCOMINE, and GEPIA databases, and STAD cell lines. Through in vitro experiments, cell behaviors were investigated to evaluate the effects of FKBP10 on STAD. Moreover, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway was measured. Relying on the data of TCGA, ONCOMINE, and GEPIA databases, and cancer cell lines, FKBP10 was up-regulated in STAD when compared with normals. The patients with low expression of FKBP10 had higher survival rate than those with high FKBP10 expression. After knockdown of FKBP10 in AGS cells, cell vitality, colony formation ability, and the migratory and invasive potential were inhibited. Western blotting analysis exhibited that knockdown of FKBP10 significantly reduced the expression level of p-AKT, and p-PI3K, but it did not influence the total expression level of AKT, and PI3K. FKBP10 might serve as a crucial player in gastric cancer, and targeting FKBP10 might provide clinical utility in gastric cancer in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Gu Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Hong Zhao
- Central Lab, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi-Long Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Qu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qing-Si He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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22
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Yu S, Cai L, Lin F, Wu X, Zhang C, Liu X, Li W. Durable Response After Combination Of Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy And Anti-PD-1 Therapy In HER2-Negative Advanced Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7691-7698. [PMID: 31571920 PMCID: PMC6757230 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is difficult to treat with poor prognosis. Despite various possible treatments, the median survival time of such patients remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches or combinations need to be further explored. We herein reported a case of a 54-year-old male patient who was initially diagnosed with HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer. Based on previous studies and patient's desire, we made a therapeutic plan: the combination of concurrent radiochemotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade therapy. After about 4 months of combined therapy, the patient showed satisfactory complete response to tumor lesions even metastatic lesions (CR, disappearance of all target lesions). In summary, the combination of concurrent SOX regimen chemotherapy, stomach radiotherapy and PD-1 antibody immunotherapy is effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Luya Cai
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Lin
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Wu
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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23
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Hu Y, Wang Z, Qiu Y, Liu Y, Ding M, Zhang Y. Anti-miRNA21 and resveratrol-loaded polysaccharide-based mesoporous silica nanoparticle for synergistic activity in gastric carcinoma. J Drug Target 2019; 27:1135-1143. [PMID: 31017473 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1610766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Hu
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhehui Wang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yunfeng Qiu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Ding
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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24
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Chen X, Chen X, Zhang X, Wang L, Cao P, Rajamanickam V, Wu C, Zhou H, Cai Y, Liang G, Wang Y. Curcuminoid B63 induces ROS-mediated paraptosis-like cell death by targeting TrxR1 in gastric cells. Redox Biol 2018; 21:101061. [PMID: 30590310 PMCID: PMC6306695 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Chemotherapy has improved long-term survival of patients with gastric cancer. Unfortunately, cancer readily develops resistance to apoptosis-inducing agents. New mechanisms, inducing caspase-independent paraptosis-like cell death in cancer cells is presently emerging as a potential direction. We previously developed a curcumin analog B63 as an anti-cancer agent in pre-clinical evaluation. In the present study, we evaluated the effect and mechanism of B63 on gastric cancer cells. Our studies show that B63 targets TrxR1 protein and increases cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, which results in halting gastric cancer cells and inducing caspase-independent paraptotic modes of death. The paraptosis induced by B63 was mediated by ROS-mediated ER stress and MAPK activation. Either overexpression of TrxR1 or suppression of ROS normalized B63-induced paraptosis in gastric cancer cells. Furthermore, B63 caused paraptosis in 5-fluorouracil-resistant gastric cancer cells, and B63 treatment reduced the growth of gastric cancer xenografts, which was associated with increased ROS and paraptosis. Collectively, our findings provide a novel strategy for the treatment of gastric cancer by utilizing TrxR1-mediated oxidative stress generation and subsequent cell paraptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China
| | - Li Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Peihai Cao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Vinothkumar Rajamanickam
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yuepiao Cai
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Affiliated Yueqing Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325600, China.
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25
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Tan AC, Chan DL, Faisal W, Pavlakis N. New drug developments in metastatic gastric cancer. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2018; 11:1756284818808072. [PMID: 30455742 PMCID: PMC6236851 DOI: 10.1177/1756284818808072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic gastric cancer is associated with a poor prognosis and novel treatment options are desperately needed. The development of targeted therapies heralded a new era for the management of metastatic gastric cancer, however results from clinical trials of numerous targeted agents have been mixed. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has yielded similar promise and results from early trials are encouraging. This review provides an overview of the systemic treatment options evaluated in metastatic gastric cancer, with a focus on recent evidence from clinical trials for targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The failure to identify appropriate predictive biomarkers has hampered the success of many targeted therapies in gastric cancer, and a deeper understanding of specific molecular subtypes and genomic alterations may allow for more precision in the application of novel therapies. Identifying appropriate biomarkers for patient selection is essential for future clinical trials, for the most effective use of novel agents and in combination approaches to account for growing complexity of treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C. Tan
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore
Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia/National Cancer Centre Singapore,
Singapore
| | - David L. Chan
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore
Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia/Northern Clinical School, University of
Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wasek Faisal
- Ballarat Regional Integrated Cancer Centre,
Ballarat, VIC, Australia
| | - Nick Pavlakis
- Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore
Hospital, Reserve Road, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
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26
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Zhou YL, Li YM, He WT. Oxygen-laden mesenchymal stem cells enhance the effect of gastric cancer chemotherapy in vitro. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:1245-1252. [PMID: 30655891 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is an important factor that results in failure of chemotherapy for the majority of solid tumor types, particularly for gastric cancer. In the present study, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which have the ability to migrate to cancer tissues were used as a vehicle to supply oxygen to gastric cancer. The hemoglobin genes were transfected into MSCs as MSC-hemo groups. Subsequently, MSC-hemo groups were induced by isopropyl-b-D-thiogalactopyranoside and hemin to express hemoglobin. The hemoglobin was detected by western blotting method. Following this, the MSC-hemo groups were placed in an atmosphere containing 100% oxygen and were used to investigate the effect of the function of the oxygen-laden MSC-hemo group on gastric cancer chemotherapy with an MTT assay. As a first approach to investigate the possibility of MSCs as a vehicle to supply oxygen to anoxic cancer types, including gastric, liver, breast cancer, the results indicated that the oxygen-laden MSC-hemo group significantly enhanced the effect of chemotherapeutic treatments on gastric cancer cells. Utilizing MSCs as a svehicle to supply oxygen to the solid tumor may be a novel method to improve the hypoxia conditions of tumor tissues and improve the effect of chemotherapy on tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhou
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Ting He
- Key Laboratory of Digestive System Tumors, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, P.R. China
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27
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Kim HS, Ryu MH, Zang DY, Park SR, Han B, Kang WK, Rha SY, Jung M, Kim JS, Kang BW, Lee KH, Rho SY, Kim JH, Kim KC, Cho JW, Choi DR, Lim H, Kang HS, Soh JS, Kim MJ, Seo J, Kang YK. Phase II study of oxaliplatin, irinotecan and S-1 therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: the Korean Cancer Study Group ST14-11. Gastric Cancer 2018; 21:802-810. [PMID: 29372461 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-018-0794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doublet chemotherapy of platinum and 5-fluorouracil is a standard first-line treatment for patients with unresectable gastric cancer. Although the addition of taxane or irinotecan to this regimen has yielded promising efficacy, its use has been limited due to severe toxicities. To overcome this limitation, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of the combination of irinotecan, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (OIS) for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. METHODS Chemotherapy-naïve patients with pathologically proven advanced gastric adenocarcinoma were assessed for eligibility. Irinotecan (135 mg/m2) and oxaliplatin (65 mg/m2) were administered intravenously on day 1, and S-1 (80 mg/m2/day) was administered orally on days 1-7 of every 2-week cycle. RESULTS Forty-four patients (median age 57 years) were enrolled and all but one patient had a good performance status (ECOG 0 or 1). A total of 529 cycles were administered, with a median of 9.5 (range 1-31) cycles per patient. The overall response rate was 61.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 46.6-74.3). The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 10.8 months (95% CI 7.6-14.0) and 15.4 months (95% CI 12.6-18.2), respectively. Major toxicities included grade 3/4 neutropenia (38.6%), febrile neutropenia (13.6%), abdominal pain (9.1%), and diarrhea (9.1%). CONCLUSION These data suggest that the OIS regimen is effective and relatively well tolerated in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Given that all the patients treated, but one, had a good performance status, these results must be confirmed in a patient population more representative of regular clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02527785.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong Su Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Ryu
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Zang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, 14086, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sook Ryun Park
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Rha
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, College of Medicine Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyu Jung
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, College of Medicine Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Young Rho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Kab Choong Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Cho
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ro Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Suk Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Seung Soh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Radiology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwon Seo
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Medical Center, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Koo Kang
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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28
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Fashoyin-Aje L, Donoghue M, Chen H, He K, Veeraraghavan J, Goldberg KB, Keegan P, McKee AE, Pazdur R. FDA Approval Summary: Pembrolizumab for Recurrent Locally Advanced or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma Expressing PD-L1. Oncologist 2018; 24:103-109. [PMID: 30120163 PMCID: PMC6324629 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2018-0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This report presents evidence for FDA approval of pembrolizumab for the treatment of adult and pediatric patients with either unresectable or metastatic, microsatellite instability‐high (MSI‐H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) solid tumors that have progressed following prior treatment, and who have no satisfactory alternative treatment options, or who have metastatic, MSI‐H or dMMR colorectal cancer that has progressed following treatment with a fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan. On September 22, 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted accelerated approval for pembrolizumab (Keytruda, Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ) for the treatment of patients with recurrent, locally advanced or metastatic, gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinoma with disease progression on or after two or more systemic therapies, including fluoropyrimidine‐ and platinum‐containing chemotherapy and, if appropriate, HER2/neu‐targeted therapy, and whose tumors express programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), as determined by an FDA‐approved test. Approval was based on demonstration of durable overall response rate (ORR) in a multicenter, open‐label, multicohort trial (KEYNOTE‐059/Cohort 1) that enrolled 259 patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma. Among the 55% (n = 143) of patients whose tumors expressed PD‐L1 based on a combined positive score ≥1 and either were microsatellite stable or had undetermined microsatellite instability or mismatch repair status, the confirmed ORR as determined by blinded independent central review was 13.3% (95% CI, 8.2–20.0); 1.4% had complete responses. Response durations ranged from 2.8+ to 19.4+ months; 11 patients (58%) had response durations of 6 months or longer, and 5 patients (26%) had response durations of 12 months or longer. The most common (≥20%) adverse reactions of pembrolizumab observed in KEYNOTE‐059/Cohort 1 were fatigue, decreased appetite, nausea, and constipation. The most frequent (≥2%) serious adverse drug reactions were pleural effusion, pneumonia, dyspnea, pulmonary embolism, and pneumonitis. Pembrolizumab was approved concurrently with the PD‐L1 immunohistochemistry 22C3 pharmDx test (Dako, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) for selection of patients with gastric cancer for treatment with pembrolizumab based on PD‐L1 tumor expression. Implications for Practice. This report presents key information on the basis for Food and Drug Administration approval of pembrolizumab for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic gastric or GEJ adenocarcinoma whose tumors express PD‐L1. The report discusses the basis for limiting the indication to patients with PD‐L1‐expressing tumors and the basis for recommending that PD‐L1 status be assessed using a fresh tumor specimen if PD‐L1 expression is not detected in an archival gastric or GEJ cancer specimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Fashoyin-Aje
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Martha Donoghue
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Huanyu Chen
- Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Kun He
- Office of Biostatistics, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Janaki Veeraraghavan
- Office of In Vitro Diagnostics and Radiological Health, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Kirsten B Goldberg
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia Keegan
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Amy E McKee
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard Pazdur
- Office of Hematology and Oncology Products, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Oncology Center of Excellence, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
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Cai Q, Lin J, Zhang L, Lin S, Peng J. Chloroform fraction of Serratulae chinensis S. Moore suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis via the phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway in human gastric cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8871-8877. [PMID: 29928328 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The chloroform fraction of the folk Chinese medicine, Serratulae chinensis S. Moore (CSC) and its anti-inflammatory activity is well recognized. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial anticancer effects of CSC remain largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of CSC on the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells, as well as to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved. The results from the present study demonstrated that CSC treatment inhibited SGC-7901 cell viability and survival in a dose- and/or time-dependent manner. CSC treatment further induced the apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells, characterized by distinct chromatin condensation and fragmented nuclear morphology. In addition, CSC treatment suppressed protein kinase-B (Akt) phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) expression in SGC-7901 cells, which in turn promoted cancer cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation. Furthermore, CSC treatment altered the expression pattern of several key target genes of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway through the downregulation of Cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase-4 and B-cell lymphoma-2 and the upregulation of Bcl-2-associated X protein. Therefore, the results from the present study demonstrated that CSC suppressed cell survival and induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells, via targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyan Cai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jing Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Shan Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Chen ZM, Huang L, Li MM, Meng L, Ying SC, Xu AM. Inhibitory effects of isocryptotanshinone on gastric cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9307. [PMID: 29915371 PMCID: PMC6006307 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27638-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common digestive malignancies globally, and the prognosis of patients with advanced tumors remains poor. Isocryptotanshinone (ICTS), isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, was found to inhibit the proliferation of lung and breast cancer cells. However, whether ICTS has anticancer activities against GC is unknown. In the present study, we reported that the proliferation of GC cells was inhibited by ICTS in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After treatment with ICTS, GC cells were arrested in the G1/G0 phase of cell cycle and the apoptotic cells were induced in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, ICTS suppressed the expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-associated proteins (e.g., Cyclin D1, phosphorylated Rb, E2F1, Mcl-1, Bcl-2, and Survivin). ICTS inhibited the phosphorylation of STAT3 in a dose-dependent manner. Down-regulated STAT3 attenuated the expression of Cyclin D1, p-Rb, and Survivin, which remarkably increased the sensitivity of ICTS in GC cells; overexpression of STAT3 restored the cell growth and proliferation and the protein expression suppressed by ICTS. ICTS also suppressed the xenograft tumor growth in BALB/c nude mice. Together, these data indicate that ICTS inhibits GC proliferation by inducing G1/G0 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang-Ming Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Miao-Miao Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Song-Cheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - A-Man Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
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Wee1 Inhibitor AZD1775 Combined with Cisplatin Potentiates Anticancer Activity against Gastric Cancer by Increasing DNA Damage and Cell Apoptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5813292. [PMID: 29977914 PMCID: PMC6011131 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5813292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on the mechanisms by which Wee1 inhibitor and cisplatin played their own role, a promising strategy of Wee1 inhibitor combined with cisplatin was proposed, which was investigated in gastric cancer (GC). Either Wee1 inhibitor AZD1775 or cisplatin alone had a certain inhibitory effect on in vitro cell proliferation; however, the inhibitory effect was more significant when AZD1775 combined with cisplatin in vitro and in vivo. The underlying mechanisms unveiled that the increased DNA damage indicated by increased γH2AX protein, as well as augmented cell apoptosis indicated by upregulated proapoptotic proteins, was responsible for the significant inhibitory effect of AZD1775 plus cisplatin. Moreover, compared to any single drug, in vitro cell migration and invasion abilities were further attenuated by AZD1775 combined with cisplatin. There were suggestive results that the potentiated cytotoxicity between AZD1775 and cisplatin deserved a deep exploration in the future.
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Unal E, Karaosmanoglu AD, Ozmen MN, Akata D, Karcaaltincaba M. Computed Tomography-Based Diagnosis of Gastric Vein Invasion in Patients with Gastric Cancer. Eurasian J Med 2018; 50:91-95. [PMID: 30002574 DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2018.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to demonstrate computed tomography (CT)-based diagnosis of venous invasion in patients with gastric cancer and its prognostic value. Materials and Methods Medical records and CT examinations of 530 patients with gastric cancer diagnosed after biopsy from February 2003 to December 2015 were included in this retrospective study. An imaging-based diagnosis of venous invasion was established when one of the following criteria were satisfied: 1) tumoral enhancement in the lumen of the vein, 2) tumor protruding through the course of a vein, and 3) distention of the vein due to extension of the gastric tumor. CT-based diagnosis of gastric vein invasion was established in 11/530 patients. Results Histopathological examination revealed poorly differentiated gastric adenocarcinoma (n=10) and neuroendocrine carcinoma (n=1). The median survival of the patients after the initial CT was 153.5 (range: 6-1275) days. Tumor invasion was observed at the aberrant left gastric vein (n=2), right gastroepiploic and superior mesenteric vein (n=2), gastric vein (n=4), and short gastric vein (n=3). Two of the three patients with short gastric vein invasion died 6 and 7 days after the initial CT, respectively. Conclusion All draining veins of the stomach can be invaded by gastric cancer; CT can enable diagnosis that may be important for prognosis and surgical planning. The presence of short gastric vein invasion detected by CT may be associated with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Unal
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Mustafa Nasuh Ozmen
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Akata
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Feng J, Qin S. The synergistic effects of Apatinib combined with cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents on gastric cancer cells and in a fluorescence imaging gastric cancer xenograft model. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:3047-3057. [PMID: 29872316 PMCID: PMC5975614 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s159935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Methylsulfonic apatinib (hereinafter referred to as Apatinib) is a small-molecule angiogenesis inhibitor highly and selectively targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2. At present, a series of basic and clinical studies have confirmed that Apatinib mono-therapy can inhibit the growth of different carcinomas. Our experiment aimed to determine whether there is a synergistic effect between the combination of the traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs paclitaxel (TAX), oxaliplatin (L-OHP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and Apatinib. Materials and methods We evaluated the combined effect using cytological experiments and a fluorescence imaging xenograft model. In vitro, the inhibition of cell proliferation increased notably when Apatinib was combined with TAX, L-OHP, and 5-FU. Then, for the mechanistic research, we selected the optimal dose of drugs that also had a synergistic effect. Apatinib combined with the aforementioned drugs, especially the combination of Apatinib and 5-FU, decreased the invasion and migration ability of the cells and increased the apoptosis ratio; expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 significantly decreased, and expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax increased. In vivo, when Apatinib was combined with TAX, L-OHP, and 5-FU, the volume of the xenograft model was significantly inhibited, the strength of the green fluorescence was weakened and the microvessel density decreased. Results The combination of Apatinib with TAX and 5-FU was synergistic (coefficient of drug interaction <1); the combination effect of Apatinib and L-OHP was only additive, with a shorter associated survival time. Conclusion The combination of Apatinib and classical chemotherapy drugs may be an optimal choice for gastric cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhuan Feng
- Institute of First Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shukui Qin
- Oncology Center of PLA, 81 Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Feng X, Lu M. Expression of sex-determining region Y-box protein 2 in breast cancer and its clinical significance. Saudi Med J 2018; 38:685-690. [PMID: 28674712 PMCID: PMC5556274 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2017.7.19372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-determining region Y-box protein 2 (SOX2) is an embryo transcription factor located on chromosome 3q26.3-q27. It plays an important role in the maintenance of differentiation and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cells. Studies have shown that SOX2 is associated with multiple cancers and is overexpressed in many different phenotypes of breast cancer. To study the relationship between SOX2 and clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer patients, we found that the expression of SOX2 was closely related to the increase in tumor size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and high invasiveness. Therefore, studies on the role of SOX2 in breast cancer may provide effective biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. This article will discuss the role of SOX2 in breast cancer, including its occurrence, invasion and metastasis, diagnosis and treatment, relapse, resistance, and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Feng
- The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University Cancer Center & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China. E-mail.
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35
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Liu M, Hu G, Wang Y, Guo J, Liu L, Han X, Wang Z. Comparison of FOLFOX and DOF regimens as first-line treatment in East Asian patients with advanced gastric cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:375-381. [PMID: 29398919 PMCID: PMC5775733 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s149624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our study retrospectively assesses the safety and efficacy of the FOLFOX (oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin) versus DOF (docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and fluorouracil) regimens in untreated locally advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Patients and methods A total of 108 patients underwent DOF (N=58) and FOLFOX (N=50) regimens. The end points were overall response rate (ORR), survival, and toxicity. Kaplan–Meier curve was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) and Cox regression for multivariate analysis. Results The ORRs were 50% for DOF and 30% for FOLFOX groups (P<0.05), and disease control rates were 91.4% and 72%, respectively. The median PFS and OS in DOF group were significantly better than FOLFOX group (8.2 versus 6.4 months, P<0.05; 16.3 versus 11.2 months, P<0.001). Both groups showed acceptable toxicity; all grades and grade 3–4 toxicity had no significant differences (P=0.071; P=0.247). However, the incidence of grade 3–4 peripheral neuropathy was significantly higher in DOF group (10.3% versus 2%, P<0.05). In the subgroup analysis for elderly AGC patients (≥65 years), administration of DOF also resulted in a superior PFS (8.5 versus 5.9 months; P=0.038) and OS (15.3 versus 9.8 months; P=0.004) compared with FOLFOX. However, DOF regimen was associated with more neutropenia (67% versus 30%; P<0.05), thrombocytopenia (61% versus 52%; P<0.05), and peripheral neuropathy (49% versus 22%; P<0.05). Conclusion DOF regimen was more effective than FOLFOX for AGC, both in younger and older patients. The adverse effects of the two regimens were manageable. The combination of docetaxel/oxaliplatin/fluorouracil was active and well tolerated in AGC patients and deserves further evaluation. However, for elderly patients with AGC, the DOF regimen was associated with worse toxicities; therefore, the FOLFOX regimen might be a more suitable option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong.,Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guofang Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhehai Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Duan J, Zhang H, Qu Y, Deng T, Huang D, Liu R, Zhang L, Bai M, Zhou L, Ying G, Ba Y. Onco-miR-130 promotes cell proliferation and migration by targeting TGFβR2 in gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44522-44533. [PMID: 27304191 PMCID: PMC5190115 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been proved to play crucial roles in tumorigenesis. TGFβ signal pathway abnormality is found in various cancers and correlates with tumor proliferation and metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying the dys-regulation of TGFβR2 expression in GC have not been investigated yet. In this study, we found that the TGFβR2 protein was clearly repressed in tumor tissues, while miR-130 expression level was dramatically increased in GC tissues. Firefly luciferase activity assay revealed that miR-130 could directly bind to 3′UTR of TGFβR2 mRNA. Meanwhile, miR-130 mimics lead to the decreased TGFβR2 protein levels, while miR-130 inhibitors enhanced TGFβR2 expression in SGC7901 cells. Subsequent functional experiments showed that overexpressed miR-130 could promote proliferation and migration of SGC7901 cells. And siRNA-mediated TGFβR2 down-regulation could simulate the effects of miR-130 mimics on phenotypes of SGC7901 cells. Furthermore, there existed intense relationship between the expression level of miR-130 and epithelial-mesenchymal markers. Our results demonstrated that miR-130 was an oncogene by directly targeting TGFβR2 in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Duan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yanjun Qu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ting Deng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Dingzhi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Ming Bai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Likun Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guoguang Ying
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yi Ba
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China
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Sreeranganathan M, Uthaman S, Sarmento B, Mohan CG, Park IK, Jayakumar R. In vivo evaluation of cetuximab-conjugated poly(γ-glutamic acid)-docetaxel nanomedicines in EGFR-overexpressing gastric cancer xenografts. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:7165-7182. [PMID: 29033568 PMCID: PMC5628680 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s143529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), upregulated in gastric cancer patients, is an oncogene of interest in the development of targeted cancer nanomedicines. This study demonstrates in silico modeling of monoclonal antibody cetuximab (CET MAb)-conjugated docetaxel (DOCT)-loaded poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) nanoparticles (Nps) and evaluates the in vitro/in vivo effects on EGFR-overexpressing gastric cancer cells (MKN-28). Nontargeted DOCT-γ-PGA Nps (NT Nps: 110±40 nm) and targeted CET MAb-DOCT-γ-PGA Nps (T Nps: 200±20 nm) were prepared using ionic gelation followed by 1-Ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)carbodiimide–N-Hydoxysuccinimide (EDC–NSH) chemistry. Increased uptake correlated with enhanced cytotoxicity induced by targeted Nps to EGFR +ve MKN-28 compared with nontargeted Nps as evident from MTT and flow cytometric assays. Nanoformulated DOCT showed a superior pharmacokinetic profile to that of free DOCT in Swiss albino mice, indicating the possibility of improved therapeutic effect in the disease model. Qualitative in vivo imaging showed early and enhanced tumor targeted accumulation of CET MAb-DOCT-γ-PGA Nps in EGFR +ve MKN-28–based gastric cancer xenograft, which exhibited efficient arrest of tumor growth compared with nontargeted Nps and free DOCT. Thus, actively targeted CET MAb-DOCT-γ-PGA Nps could be developed as a substitute to conventional nonspecific chemotherapy, and hence could become a feasible strategy for cancer therapy for EGFR-overexpressing gastric tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal
| | | | - In-Kyu Park
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita University, Kochi, India
| | - Rangasamy Jayakumar
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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Xu SH, Huang JZ, Chen M, Zeng M, Zou FY, Chen D, Yan GR. Amplification of ACK1 promotes gastric tumorigenesis via ECD-dependent p53 ubiquitination degradation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:12705-12716. [PMID: 26498357 PMCID: PMC5355047 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Amplification or over-expression of an activated Cdc42-associated kinase 1 (ACK1) gene is common in breast, lung and ovarian cancers. However, little is known about the role of ACK1 in gastric tumorigenesis. Here, we found that DNA copy numbers of the ACK1 gene and its mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in gastric cancer (GC) compared to normal gastric tissues. Additionally, silencing ACK1 inhibited GC cell proliferation and colony formation, induced G2/M arrest and cellular apoptosis in vitro, and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Gene Ontology annotation revealed that 147 differential proteins regulated by ACK1 knockdown were closely related with cellular survival. A cell cycle regulator, ecdysoneless homolog (ECD), was found to be significantly down-regulated by ACK1 knockdown. Silencing of ECD inhibited colony formation and induced G2/M arrest and cell apoptosis, which is similar to the effects of ACK1 knockdown. Silencing of ECD did not further enhance the effects of ACK1 knockdown on G2/M arrest and apoptosis, while silencing of ECD blocked the enhancement of colony formation by ACK1 over-expression. Over-expression of ACK or ECD promoted the ubiquitination of tumor suppressor p53 protein and decreased p53 levels, while silencing of ACK1 or ECD decreased the p53 ubiquitination level and increased p53 levels. Silencing of ECD attenuated the ubiquitination enhancement of p53 induced by ACK1 over-expression. Collectively, we demonstrate that amplification of ACK1 promotes gastric tumorigenesis by inducing an ECD-dependent ubiquitination degradation of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Hui Xu
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Huang
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Yan Zou
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - De Chen
- Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Rong Yan
- Institutes of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Biomedicine Research Center and Department of Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, China
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39
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Korourian A, Roudi R, Shariftabrizi A, Madjd Z. MicroRNA-31 inhibits RhoA-mediated tumor invasion and chemotherapy resistance in MKN-45 gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:1842-1847. [PMID: 28836853 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217728460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs are small single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules which modify gene expression by silencing potential target genes. The aberrant expression of RhoA, a small GTPase protein of Rho family, is involved in gastric cancer tumorigenesis. Since miR-31 is a pleomorphic molecule, we evaluated the miR-31/RhoA axis in inducing the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer cells MKN-45. Also, the clinicopathological significance of RhoA was investigated in a well-defined collection of gastric carcinomas which were embedded in tissue microarray blocks. Induction of miR-31 in MKN-45 followed by suppression of RhoA expression resulted in increased sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil, inhibition of cell proliferation, and invasion compared to the control groups. Immunohistochemical analysis in gastric adenocarcinoma patients' samples showed significantly higher expression of RhoA in diffuse versus intestinal subtype tumors ( P = 0.009), poorly differentiated versus well and moderately differentiated tumors ( P = 0.03) and the presence of vascular invasion versus the absence of vascular invasion ( P = 0.04). Our findings suggest a critical role for miR-31, as a tumor suppressor gene, in gastric cancer tumorigenesis by targeting the RhoA. Impact statement Gastric cancer ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-associated deaths worldwide. The RhoA gene encodes a small GTPase protein of Rho family (RhoA) that its dysregulation is associated with cell motility and invasion. A strong line of evidence supports the regulation of RhoA by a number of miRs, including miR-31 in tumors. Our findings revealed that miR-31 is involved in gastric cancer tumorigenesis as a tumor suppressor gene. Through down-regulation of RhoA, miR-31 decreased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cells. In addition, induction of miR-31 increased sensitivity to 5-FU; thus, increasing its tissue concentrations could be a potential target for treatment of gastric cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Korourian
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Raheleh Roudi
- 2 Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14530, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shariftabrizi
- 3 Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Zahra Madjd
- 1 Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14530, Iran.,2 Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14496-14530, Iran
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40
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Fazlollahi L, Remotti HE, Iuga A, Yang HM, Lagana SM, Sepulveda AR. HER2 Heterogeneity in Gastroesophageal Cancer Detected by Testing Biopsy and Resection Specimens. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2017; 142:516-522. [PMID: 28782986 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2017-0039-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT - In advanced gastric, esophageal, and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinomas (GE-GEJ-AC) that overexpress ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 or HER2), anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody therapy confers survival benefit. To select patients for treatment, HER2 expression and gene amplification are evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization. OBJECTIVE - To determine whether GE-GEJ-AC tested for HER2 on biopsy specimens of a primary tumor show different IHC scores and/or HER2 amplification by in situ hybridization in matched resection specimens, potentially changing therapy eligibility. DESIGN - Immunohistochemistry and silver in situ hybridization were performed in biopsy and/or resection specimens from 100 patients. HER2 testing was performed in matched resection and biopsy specimens of 15 cases to determine whether GE-GEJ-AC with IHC scores of 0, 1+, and 2+ in biopsy and resection specimens had different IHC and silver in situ hybridization results. RESULTS - The IHC 3+ cases showed HER2 amplification in 4 of 5 cases (80%), and IHC scores of 0, 1+, and 2+ showed 3.5%, 14.3%, and 23.5% HER2 amplification by silver in situ hybridization. Among the 15 paired biopsy and resection specimens, 9 (60%) had at least pT2 stage GE-GEJ-AC with HER2 IHC scores of 0, 1+, or 2+ in the biopsy, and 2 of those 9 cases (22%) had IHC 3+ and HER2 amplification by silver in situ hybridization on the resection specimen. CONCLUSIONS - Our data suggest that HER2 testing should be repeated on resection specimens of GE-GEJ-AC with HER2 IHC scores of negative (0 and 1+) or equivocal (2+) and in situ hybridization amplification negative biopsy specimen results to evaluate for HER2 heterogeneity when patients are being considered for anti-HER2 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Antonia R Sepulveda
- From the Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York
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41
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Enhanced antiproliferative activity of antibody-functionalized polymeric nanoparticles for targeted delivery of anti-miR-21 to HER2 positive gastric cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67189-67202. [PMID: 28978026 PMCID: PMC5620166 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-21 is an oncogenic miR frequently elevated in gastric cancer. Overexpression of miR-21 decreases the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to trastuzumab, which is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. However, optimization of miRNA or its anti-miRNA oligonucleotides (AMOs) for delivery is a challenge. Receptor-mediated endocytosis plays a crucial role in the delivery of biotherapeutics including AMOs. This study is a continuation of our earlier findings involving poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)-poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) nanoparticles (PEG-PCL NPs), which were coated with trastuzumab to target gastric cancer cells with HER2 receptor over-expression using anti-miRNA-21 antisense oligonucleotides (AMO-21). The antibody conjugates (HER-PEG-PCL NPs) act against target cells via antibody-dependent mechanisms and also based on encapsutalated AMO-21. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy validated the presence of trastuzumab on NP surface. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed a stable antibody expression. The cell line specificity, cellular uptake, AMO-21 delivery, and cytotoxicity of the HER-PEG-PCL NPs were investigated. We found that the antibody conjugates significantly enhanced the cellular uptake of NPs. The HER-PEG-PCL NPs effectively suppressed the target miRNA expression in gastric cancer cells, which further up-regulated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN). As a result, the sensitivity of HER2-expressing gastric cancer cells to trastuzumab was enhanced. The approach enhances the targeting by trastuzumab as well as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of immune effector cells. The antitumor effects of AMO-21-HER-PEG-PCL NPs were compared with trastuzumab in xenograft gastric cancer mice. The results provide insight into the biological and clinical potential of targeted AMO-21 delivery using modified trastuzumab for gastric cancer treatment.
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42
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Wang J, Li L, Jiang M, Li Y. MicroRNA-195 inhibits human gastric cancer by directly targeting basic fibroblast growth factor. Clin Transl Oncol 2017; 19:1320-1328. [PMID: 28500362 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-017-1668-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the fatal malignancies worldwide with high occurrences but poor outcomes. bFGF has been shown to play significant roles in GC. Yet, whether bFGF affects the development of GC is less studied. METHODS MicroRNA assays, real-time PCR, and western blot were conducted for expression analysis of miR-195-5p and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). Luciferase activity was measured with mutated bFGF 3'-UTR sequence at the 3' end of the luciferase gene. Two GC cell lines, SNU-1 and KATO-3 overexpressing miR-195-5p and bFGF were subjected to wound healing assay and transwell invasion assay. Mouse GC xenograft model was established and subjected to tumor size analysis. RESULTS Expression levels of miR-195-5p and bFGF showed negative correlation in human GC tissues. MiR-195-5p directly targeted bFGF 3'-UTR as demonstrated by luciferase activity assay. MiR-195-5p, through downregulating bFGF, inhibited the migration and invasion of SNU-1 and KATO-3 cells, as well as tumorigenesis in a xenograft mouse model, which could be restored by re-introduction of bFGF. CONCLUSIONS MiR-195-5p inhibits tumorigenesis of GC through suppressing bFGF, which supports both miR-195-5p and bFGF as potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.,Department of General Surgery, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, GuangDe Road, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - L Li
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, GuangDe Road, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - M Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Anhui Medical University Affiliated Hefei Hospital, Hefei Second People's Hospital, GuangDe Road, Hefei, 230011, Anhui, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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43
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Yuan HH, Yang YN, Zhou JH, Li YJ, Wang LY, Qin JW, Liu T, Li ZZ, Zhou QX, Wei XL, Zhang TT, Huang P, Zhang WJ, Liu L, Du XX, Han Y. siRNA-mediated inactivation of HER3 improves the antitumour activity and sensitivity of gefitinib in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:52584-52593. [PMID: 28881753 PMCID: PMC5581052 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The human EGFR family consists of four type-1 transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptors: HER1 (EGFR, ErbB1), HER2 (Neu, ErbB2), HER3 (ErbB3), and HER4 (ErbB4). HER3 can dimerize with EGFR, HER2 and even c-Met and likely plays a central role in the response to EGFR-targeted therapy. Because HER3 lacks significant kinase activity and cannot be inhibited by tyrosine kinase inhibitors, neutralizing antibodies and alternative inhibitors of HER3 have been sought as cancer therapeutics. Here, we describe the stable suppression of HER3 mRNA and protein using siRNA. The inhibition of HER3 expression decreased cell proliferation, suppressed cell cycle progression, induced apoptosis and inhibited cell motility, migration, invasiveness, and soft agar growth. In addition, we found that gefitinib treatment increased the HER3 and HER2 mRNA levels. The administration of various concentrations of gefitinib to HER3-knockdown cells enhanced antitumour activity and sensitivity due to the downregulation of protein phosphorylation via PI3K/AKT and ERK signalling. Our results support the use of combined treatments targeting multiple EGFR receptors, particularly the use of HER3 inhibitors combined with EGFR inhibitors, such as gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng-Heng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Nan Yang
- Department of Chest Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yan-Jing Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Li-Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chaoyang Central Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jun-Wei Qin
- Department of Oncology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Liu
- The Third Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Qing-Xin Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Li Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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44
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Yuan M, Shi Z, Wang Z, Lv W, Yang Y, Lu F, Zhao Y, Zhong H. The significance of multi-line chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: A retrospective analysis. Mol Clin Oncol 2017; 6:606-612. [PMID: 28413678 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2017.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Palliative chemotherapy is known to benefit patients with advanced gastric cancer by palliating symptoms and improving survival. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of chemotherapy regimens that are commonly used in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer. Patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer who were treated by at least two chemotherapy regimens between May 2006 and July 2014 at Zhejiang Cancer Hospital (Hangzhou, China) were retrospectively investigated. Survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A total of 248 patients were reviewed, and 158 were evaluated in the final analysis, with a median age of 57 years and a Karnofsky performance status score of ≥80. The median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 168 days for first-line chemotherapy, 96 days for second-line chemotherapy, and the median overall survival (OS) time was 356 days. Further analysis revealed that patients with the disease controlled [complete response (CR) + partial response (PR) + stable disease (SD)], no matter whether they received first-or second-line chemotherapy, may have had an improved OS compared with patients with disease progression (PD). Patients who were treated with >2 lines of chemotherapy had an improved OS compared those who ceased treatment following failure of the second-line chemotherapy. The cycle number of chemotherapy that patients received was associated with OS. The site of the primary and metastatic tumors was also associated with OS. Other factors, including gender, age, histological type, whether a radical operation was received, and chemotherapy regimens, had no evident association with survival. The toxicities were generally tolerated. Taken together, the results from the present study have demonstrated that an increased cycle number of effective chemotherapy may prolong the survival of patients with advanced gastric cancer. Differences among the chemotherapy regimens had no clear correlation with survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqin Yuan
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zhong Shi
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Wangxia Lv
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yunshan Yang
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Fangxiao Lu
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Yazhen Zhao
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Zhong
- Department of Chemotherapy, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
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45
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Huang T, Wang L, Liu D, Li P, Xiong H, Zhuang L, Sun L, Yuan X, Qiu H. FGF7/FGFR2 signal promotes invasion and migration in human gastric cancer through upregulation of thrombospondin-1. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1501-1512. [PMID: 28339036 PMCID: PMC5403236 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) is a mesenchyme-specific heparin-binding growth factor that binds FGF receptor 2 (FGFR2) to regulate numerous cellular and physiological processes. FGF7/FGFR2 signal is associated with gastric cancer progression. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which FGF7/FGFR2 promotes invasion and migration in human gastric cancer. We first demonstrated that increased FGFR2 expression in human gastric cancer tissues was significantly associated with tumor depth and clinical stage in human gastric cancer tissues. Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) is an extracellular glycoprotein that plays multiple roles in cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions. Increased expression of THBS1 significantly correlated with tumor differentiation. FGFR2 and THBS1 expression were both increased in cancer tissues as compared with adjacent normal tissues and their expression was positively correlated. In vitro, FGF7 stimulation of cell invasion and migration was partially suppressed by the FGFR2 knockdown. In addition, FGF7/FGFR2 upregulated THBS1, and cell invasion and migration were decreased by knockdown of THBS1. Furthermore, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway was predominantly responsible for FGF7/FGFR2-induced THBS1 upregulation. Taken together, our data suggest that FGF7/FGFR2/THBS1 is associated with the regulation of invasion and migration in human gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Dian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Piao Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Huihua Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
| | - Hong Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, P.R. China
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Shah MA. Future Directions in Improving Outcomes for Patients with Gastric and Esophageal Cancer. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2017; 31:545-552. [PMID: 28501093 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2017.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
"This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America provides an update to the current understanding of the physiology of gastric and esophageal cancers and the state-of-the-art management of disease. Over the past 10 years, we have witnessed dramatic changes in both our understanding of the disease and its management. We have 2 new biological agents approved to treat advanced disease, with several more prospects under development. In this article, the author looks to the future, attempting to answer the question of which advancements will play the biggest role in improving patient outcomes in this still-devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish A Shah
- Weill Cornell Medicine/New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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47
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Wu H, Liu S, Gong J, Liu J, Zhang Q, Leng X, Zhang N, Li Y. VCPA, a novel synthetic derivative of α-tocopheryl succinate, sensitizes human gastric cancer to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis via ROS-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction. Cancer Lett 2017; 393:22-32. [PMID: 28216375 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma is a common malignant disease worldwide and has a dismal prognosis. Doxorubicin (DOX), one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents, has limited use because of its side effects and the development of tumor-cell resistance. Combinations of doxorubicin and non-cross-resistant agents have been required for adjuvant chemotherapy of gastric cancer. Here, we report that VCPA, a novel synthetic derivative of α-Tocopheryl Succinate, induced apoptosis via production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). When used in combination with doxorubicin, lower doses of VCPA sensitized human gastric cancer cells to DOX-induced apoptosis. The DOX/VCPA combination treatment caused an imbalance in the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and induced a lethal mitochondrial dysfunction. MAPKs were also activated in response to the DOX/VCPA treatment but played a protective role in DOX-induced cell death. In vivo studies further confirmed the sensitizing effect of VCPA. Combining DOX with VCPA markedly inhibited tumor growth in a tumor xenograft model of human gastric cancer. Taken together, our study revealed that VCPA, through increased ROS production, could synergize with DOX and circumvent DOX resistance in human gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoping Liu
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Gong
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiuyang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohua Leng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Nian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behaviors and Hubei Cancer Clinical Study Center, Wuhan, China; Department of Peritoneal Cancer Surgery, Cancer Center of Beijing Shijitan Hospital, The Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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48
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Ochenduszko S, Puskulluoglu M, Konopka K, Fijorek K, Slowik AJ, Pędziwiatr M, Budzyński A. Clinical effectiveness and toxicity of second-line irinotecan in advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a single-center observational study. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2017; 9:223-233. [PMID: 28491144 DOI: 10.1177/1758834016689029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randomized clinical trials showed improved overall survival (OS) of advanced gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma (GEA) patients treated with second-line taxane or irinotecan. However, most data on irinotecan efficacy in this setting come from large Asian trials. We retrospectively analyzed clinical effectiveness and toxicity of irinotecan in a cohort of patients with advanced GEA treated in our department. METHODS Advanced GEA patients who received at least one cycle of second-line irinotecan were eligible for inclusion. Irinotecan was administered every 3 weeks at an initial dose of 250 mg/m2 of body surface area with subsequent gradual (every 50 mg/m2) dose escalation up to 350 mg/m2, in the case of good treatment tolerance. OS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to examine the association between clinical and laboratory parameters and survival. RESULTS A total of 48 patients were identified. Median OS was 6.2 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 3.9-7.6]. In multivariate analysis, age < 65 years, baseline total lymphocyte count (TLC) < 1500/µl and presence of peritoneal metastases were associated with shorter OS. Most adverse events were grade 1-2 and included: anemia (52.3%), leukocytopenia (40.9%), neutropenia (59.1%), nausea (25.0%), vomiting (31.8%), diarrhea (31.8%), anorexia (29.5%) and fatigue (43.2%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in three patients (6.8%). Nine patients (20.5%) experienced a toxicity grade 3-4 of any kind. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective analysis confirms clinical effectiveness and manageable toxicity of second-line irinotecan in an unselected cohort of advanced GEA patients. Age < 65 years, baseline TLC < 1500/µl and presence of peritoneal metastases were independent prognostic factors associated with shorter OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Ochenduszko
- University Hospital in Krakow - Department of Oncology, ul.Sniadeckich 10, Krakow 31-531, Poland
| | | | - Kamil Konopka
- University Hospital in Krakow - Department of Oncology, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Fijorek
- Cracow University of Economics - Department of Statistics, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Michał Pędziwiatr
- Jagiellonian University Medical College - 2nd Department of General Surgery, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Budzyński
- Jagiellonian University Medical College - 2nd Department of General Surgery, Krakow, Poland
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Alvarado-Cabrero I, Gil-Hernández S, Ruelas-Perea A, Villaverde-Rodríguez D, Montes-Ochoa JR, Medrano-Guzmán R. [Immunohistochemical assessment of HER2 expression in gastric cancer. A clinicopathologic study of 93 cases]. CIR CIR 2017; 85:504-509. [PMID: 28069112 DOI: 10.1016/j.circir.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer in Mexico is ranked third in both males and females. Most patients present clinically with advanced disease and treatment options are sparse. HER2 overexpression in gastric cancer is related to poor outcome. Immunohistochemical testing for HER2 is becoming the standard of care for guiding adjuvant treatment of gastric cancer with trastuzumab. OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of HER2 overexpression in patients with gastric cancer in the Hospital de Oncología del Centro Médico Nacional, Siglo XXI and its association with other histopathological findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery between March 12, 2006-August 31, 2011, were enrolled in this retrospective study. Diagnosis was confirmed by review of slides and immunohistochemistry with anti-HER2 antibody was performed. Scoring was done by Hoffman scoring system. Medical records were evaluated. RESULTS Ninety-three patients were included in the study, with 43 (46.2%) male and 50 (53.7%) female patients. The median age was 64 years. HER2-positive tumours were identified in 6 patients (6.45%) and located most frequently in the proximal stomach. There was no difference in HER2 overexpression in relation to age, gender or histologic type. CONCLUSION In our study, about 7% of patients with gastric cancer were HER2-positive on immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Alvarado-Cabrero
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Sara Gil-Hernández
- Departamento de Anatomía Patológica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana Ruelas-Perea
- Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Diego Villaverde-Rodríguez
- Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Roberto Montes-Ochoa
- Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rafael Medrano-Guzmán
- Servicio de Sarcomas y Tubo Digestivo Alto, Hospital de Oncología, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
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Implication of combined PD-L1/PD-1 blockade with cytokine-induced killer cells as a synergistic immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10332-44. [PMID: 26871284 PMCID: PMC4891123 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells represent a realistic approach in cancer immunotherapy with confirmed survival benefits in the context of metastatic solid tumors. However, therapeutic effects are limited to a fraction of patients. In this study, immune-resistance elements and ideal combination therapies were explored. Initially, phenotypic analysis was performed to document CD3, CD56, NKG2D, DNAM-1, PD-L1, PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3, 2B4, and LAG-3 on CIK cells. Upon engagement of CIK cells with the tumor cells, expression of PD-1 on CIK cells and PD-L1 on both cells were up-regulated. Over-expression of PD-L1 levels on tumor cells via lentiviral transduction inhibited tumoricidal activity of CIK cells, and neutralizing of PD-L1/PD-1 signaling axis could enhance their tumor-killing effect. Conversely, blockade of NKG2D, a major activating receptor of CIK cells, largely caused dysfunction of CIK cells. Functional study showed an increase of NKG2D levels along with PD-L1/PD-1 blockade in the presence of other immune effector molecule secretion. Additionally, combined therapy of CIK infusion and PD-L1/PD-1 blockade caused a delay of in vivo tumor growth and exhibited a survival advantage over untreated mice. These results provide a preclinical proof-of-concept for simultaneous PD-L1/PD-1 pathways blockade along with CIK infusion as a novel immunotherapy for unresectable cancers.
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