1
|
Kim H, Lee N, Kim Y, Choi G. The phytochrome-interacting factor genes PIF1 and PIF4 are functionally diversified due to divergence of promoters and proteins. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:2778-2797. [PMID: 38593049 PMCID: PMC11289632 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) are basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors that regulate light responses downstream of phytochromes. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), 8 PIFs (PIF1-8) regulate light responses, either redundantly or distinctively. Distinctive roles of PIFs may be attributed to differences in mRNA expression patterns governed by promoters or variations in molecular activities of proteins. However, elements responsible for the functional diversification of PIFs have yet to be determined. Here, we investigated the role of promoters and proteins in the functional diversification of PIF1 and PIF4 by analyzing transgenic lines expressing promoter-swapped PIF1 and PIF4, as well as chimeric PIF1 and PIF4 proteins. For seed germination, PIF1 promoter played a major role, conferring dominance to PIF1 gene with a minor contribution from PIF1 protein. Conversely, for hypocotyl elongation under red light, PIF4 protein was the major element conferring dominance to PIF4 gene with the minor contribution from PIF4 promoter. In contrast, both PIF4 promoter and PIF4 protein were required for the dominant role of PIF4 in promoting hypocotyl elongation at high ambient temperatures. Together, our results support that the functional diversification of PIF1 and PIF4 genes resulted from contributions of both promoters and proteins, with their relative importance varying depending on specific light responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanim Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeojae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Giltsu Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krahmer J, Fankhauser C. Environmental Control of Hypocotyl Elongation. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:489-519. [PMID: 38012051 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-062923-023852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The hypocotyl is the embryonic stem connecting the primary root to the cotyledons. Hypocotyl length varies tremendously depending on the conditions. This developmental plasticity and the simplicity of the organ explain its success as a model for growth regulation. Light and temperature are prominent growth-controlling cues, using shared signaling elements. Mechanisms controlling hypocotyl elongation in etiolated seedlings reaching the light differ from those in photoautotrophic seedlings. However, many common growth regulators intervene in both situations. Multiple photoreceptors including phytochromes, which also respond to temperature, control the activity of several transcription factors, thereby eliciting rapid transcriptional reprogramming. Hypocotyl growth often depends on sensing in green tissues and interorgan communication comprising auxin. Hypocotyl auxin, in conjunction with other hormones, determines epidermal cell elongation. Plants facing cues with opposite effects on growth control hypocotyl elongation through intricate mechanisms. We discuss the status of the field and end by highlighting open questions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Krahmer
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
- Current affiliation: Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark;
| | - Christian Fankhauser
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cao X, Wei Y, Shen B, Liu L, Mao J. Interaction of the Transcription Factors BES1/BZR1 in Plant Growth and Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6836. [PMID: 38999944 PMCID: PMC11241631 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bri1-EMS Suppressor 1 (BES1) and Brassinazole Resistant 1 (BZR1) are two key transcription factors in the brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, serving as crucial integrators that connect various signaling pathways in plants. Extensive genetic and biochemical studies have revealed that BES1 and BZR1, along with other protein factors, form a complex interaction network that governs plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. Among the interactome of BES1 and BZR1, several proteins involved in posttranslational modifications play a key role in modifying the stability, abundance, and transcriptional activity of BES1 and BZR1. This review specifically focuses on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of BES1 and BZR1 protein interactors that are not involved in the posttranslational modifications but are crucial in specific growth and development stages and stress responses. By highlighting the significance of the BZR1 and BES1 interactome, this review sheds light on how it optimizes plant growth, development, and stress responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanni Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Biaodi Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linchuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juan Mao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chai G, Liu H, Zhang Y, Wang C, Xu H, He G, Meng J, Tang X, Wang D, Zhou G. Integration of C3H15-mediated transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation confers plant thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38865085 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress is an environmental factor that significantly threatens crop production worldwide. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms governing plant responses to heat stress are not fully understood. Plant zinc finger CCCH proteins have roles in stress responses as well as growth and development through protein-RNA, protein-DNA, and protein-protein interactions. Here, we reveal an integrated multi-level regulation of plant thermotolerance that is mediated by the CCCH protein C3H15 in Arabidopsis. Heat stress rapidly suppressed C3H15 transcription, which attenuated C3H15-inhibited expression of its target gene HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A2 (HSFA2), a central regulator of heat stress response (HSR), thereby activating HEAT SHOCK COGNATE 70 (HSC70.3) expression. The RING-type E3 ligase MED25-BINDING RING-H2 PROTEIN 2 (MBR2) was identified as an interacting partner of C3H15. The mbr2 mutant was susceptible to heat stress compared to wild-type plants, whereas plants overexpressing MBR2 showed increased heat tolerance. MBR2-dependent ubiquitination mediated the degradation of phosphorylated C3H15 protein in the cytoplasm, which was enhanced by heat stress. Consistently, heat sensitivities of C3H15 overexpression lines increased in MBR2 loss-of-function and decreased in MBR2 overexpression backgrounds. Heat stress-induced accumulation of HSC70.3 promoted MBR2-mediated degradation of C3H15 protein, implying that an auto-regulatory loop involving C3H15, HSFA2, and HSC70.3 regulates HSR. Heat stress also led to the accumulation of C3H15 in stress granules (SGs), a kind of cytoplasmic RNA granule. This study advances our understanding of the mechanisms plants use to respond to heat stress, which will facilitate technologies to improve thermotolerance in crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Chai
- College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266109, China
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education & Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Congpeng Wang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Hua Xu
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Guo He
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Jie Meng
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xianfeng Tang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Gongke Zhou
- Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying, 257000, China
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Park YJ, Nam BE, Park CM. Environmentally adaptive reshaping of plant photomorphogenesis by karrikin and strigolactone signaling. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:865-882. [PMID: 38116738 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Coordinated morphogenic adaptation of growing plants is critical for their survival and propagation under fluctuating environments. Plant morphogenic responses to light and warm temperatures, termed photomorphogenesis and thermomorphogenesis, respectively, have been extensively studied in recent decades. During photomorphogenesis, plants actively reshape their growth and developmental patterns to cope with changes in light regimes. Accordingly, photomorphogenesis is closely associated with diverse growth hormonal cues. Notably, accumulating evidence indicates that light-directed morphogenesis is profoundly affected by two recently identified phytochemicals, karrikins (KARs) and strigolactones (SLs). KARs and SLs are structurally related butenolides acting as signaling molecules during a variety of developmental steps, including seed germination. Their receptors and signaling mediators have been identified, and associated working mechanisms have been explored using gene-deficient mutants in various plant species. Of particular interest is that the KAR and SL signaling pathways play important roles in environmental responses, among which their linkages with photomorphogenesis are most comprehensively studied during seedling establishment. In this review, we focus on how the phytochemical and light signals converge on the optimization of morphogenic fitness. We also discuss molecular mechanisms underlying the signaling crosstalks with an aim of developing potential ways to improve crop productivity under climate changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Park
- Department of Smart Farm Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Bo Eun Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao Y, Han Q, Zhang D. Recent Advances in the Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Environmental Stimuli. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024:pcae024. [PMID: 38578169 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcae024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to their sessile lifestyle, plants need to optimize their growth in order to adapt to ever-changing environments. Plants receive stimuli from the environment and convert them into cellular responses. Brassinosteroids (BRs), as growth-promoting steroid hormones, play a significant role in the tradeoff between growth and environmental responses. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary for understanding the crosstalk between BR and various environmental stresses, including water availability, temperature fluctuations, salinization, nutrient deficiencies and diseases. We also highlight the bottlenecks that need to be addressed in future studies. Ultimately, we suppose to improve plant environmental adaptability and crop yield by excavating natural BR mutants or modifying BR signaling and its targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Qing Han
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song X, Gu X, Chen S, Qi Z, Yu J, Zhou Y, Xia X. Far-red light inhibits lateral bud growth mainly through enhancing apical dominance independently of strigolactone synthesis in tomato. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:429-441. [PMID: 37916615 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The ratio of red light to far-red light (R:FR) is perceived by light receptors and consequently regulates plant architecture. Regulation of shoot branching by R:FR ratio involves plant hormones. However, the roles of strigolactone (SL), the key shoot branching hormone and the interplay of different hormones in the light regulation of shoot branching in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) are elusive. Here, we found that defects in SL synthesis genes CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE 7 (CCD7) and CCD8 in tomato resulted in more lateral bud growth but failed to reverse the FR inhibition of lateral bud growth, which was associated with increased auxin synthesis and decreased synthesis of cytokinin (CK) and brassinosteroid (BR). Treatment of auxin also inhibited shoot branching in ccd mutants. However, CK released the FR inhibition of lateral bud growth in ccd mutants, concomitant with the upregulation of BR synthesis genes. Furthermore, plants that overexpressed BR synthesis gene showed more lateral bud growth and the shoot branching was less sensitive to the low R:FR ratio. The results indicate that SL synthesis is dispensable for light regulation of shoot branching in tomato. Auxin mediates the response to R:FR ratio to regulate shoot branching by suppressing CK and BR synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuewei Song
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Gu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangyu Chen
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Qi
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, People's Republic of China
- Agricultural Experiment Station, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojian Xia
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Seth P, Sebastian J. Plants and global warming: challenges and strategies for a warming world. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:27. [PMID: 38163826 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03083-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE In this review, we made an attempt to create a holistic picture of plant response to a rising temperature environment and its impact by covering all aspects from temperature perception to thermotolerance. This comprehensive account describing the molecular mechanisms orchestrating these responses and potential mitigation strategies will be helpful for understanding the impact of global warming on plant life. Organisms need to constantly recalibrate development and physiology in response to changes in their environment. Climate change-associated global warming is amplifying the intensity and periodicity of these changes. Being sessile, plants are particularly vulnerable to variations happening around them. These changes can cause structural, metabolomic, and physiological perturbations, leading to alterations in the growth program and in extreme cases, plant death. In general, plants have a remarkable ability to respond to these challenges, supported by an elaborate mechanism to sense and respond to external changes. Once perceived, plants integrate these signals into the growth program so that their development and physiology can be modulated befittingly. This multifaceted signaling network, which helps plants to establish acclimation and survival responses enabled their extensive geographical distribution. Temperature is one of the key environmental variables that affect all aspects of plant life. Over the years, our knowledge of how plants perceive temperature and how they respond to heat stress has improved significantly. However, a comprehensive mechanistic understanding of the process still largely elusive. This review explores how an increase in the global surface temperature detrimentally affects plant survival and productivity and discusses current understanding of plant responses to high temperature (HT) and underlying mechanisms. We also highlighted potential resilience attributes that can be utilized to mitigate the impact of global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratyay Seth
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur (IISER Berhampur), Engineering School Road, Berhampur, 760010, Odisha, India
| | - Jose Sebastian
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Berhampur (IISER Berhampur), Engineering School Road, Berhampur, 760010, Odisha, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhu S, Pan L, Vu LD, Xu X, Orosa-Puente B, Zhu T, Neyt P, van de Cotte B, Jacobs TB, Gendron JM, Spoel SH, Gevaert K, De Smet I. Phosphoproteome analyses pinpoint the F-box protein SLOW MOTION as a regulator of warm temperature-mediated hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:687-702. [PMID: 37950543 PMCID: PMC11091872 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Hypocotyl elongation is controlled by several signals and is a major characteristic of plants growing in darkness or under warm temperature. While already several molecular mechanisms associated with this process are known, protein degradation and associated E3 ligases have hardly been studied in the context of warm temperature. In a time-course phosphoproteome analysis on Arabidopsis seedlings exposed to control or warm ambient temperature, we observed reduced levels of diverse proteins over time, which could be due to transcription, translation, and/or degradation. In addition, we observed differential phosphorylation of the LRR F-box protein SLOMO MOTION (SLOMO) at two serine residues. We demonstrate that SLOMO is a negative regulator of hypocotyl growth, also under warm temperature conditions, and protein-protein interaction studies revealed possible interactors of SLOMO, such as MKK5, DWF1, and NCED4. We identified DWF1 as a likely SLOMO substrate and a regulator of warm temperature-mediated hypocotyl growth. We propose that warm temperature-mediated regulation of SLOMO activity controls the abundance of hypocotyl growth regulators, such as DWF1, through ubiquitin-mediated degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshuo Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lixia Pan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lam Dai Vu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Beatriz Orosa-Puente
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pia Neyt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Brigitte van de Cotte
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas B. Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joshua M. Gendron
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Steven H. Spoel
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan TA, Kappachery S, Karumannil S, AlHosani M, Almansoori N, Almansoori H, Yusuf M, Tran LSP, Gururani MA. Brassinosteroid Signaling Pathways: Insights into Plant Responses under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17246. [PMID: 38139074 PMCID: PMC10743706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
With the growing global population, abiotic factors have emerged as a formidable threat to agricultural food production. If left unaddressed, these stress factors might reduce food yields by up to 25% by 2050. Plants utilize natural mechanisms, such as reactive oxygen species scavenging, to mitigate the adverse impacts of abiotic stressors. Diverse plants exhibit unique adaptations to abiotic stresses, which are regulated by phytohormones at various levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs) play a crucial role in controlling essential physiological processes in plants, including seed germination, xylem differentiation, and reproduction. The BR cascade serves as the mechanism through which plants respond to environmental stimuli, including drought and extreme temperatures. Despite two decades of research, the complex signaling of BRs under different stress conditions is still being elucidated. Manipulating BR signaling, biosynthesis, or perception holds promise for enhancing crop resilience. This review explores the role of BRs in signaling cascades and summarizes their substantial contribution to plants' ability to withstand abiotic stresses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Alam Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sajeesh Kappachery
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Sameera Karumannil
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohamed AlHosani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Nemah Almansoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Hamda Almansoori
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Mayank Anand Gururani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates; (T.A.K.); (S.K.); (S.K.); (M.A.); (N.A.); (H.A.); (M.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu S, Cai C, Li L, Wen H, Liu J, Li L, Wang Q, Wang X. StSN2 interacts with the brassinosteroid signaling suppressor StBIN2 to maintain tuber dormancy. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad228. [PMID: 38156286 PMCID: PMC10753161 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
After harvest, potato tubers undergo an important period of dormancy, which significantly impacts potato quality and seed vigor. StSN2 has been reported as a key gene for maintaining tuber dormancy; in this study, we explored the molecular mechanism by which StSN2 maintains dormancy. StBIN2 was first identified as a candidate protein that interacts with StSN2 by co-immunoprecipitation/mass spectrometry, and both qPCR and enzyme activity experiments showed that StSN2 can promote the StBIN2 expression and activity. In addition, the interaction between StSN2 and StBIN2 was verified by yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation experiments and co-immunoprecipitation. Bioinformatics analysis and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed the critical role of cysteine residues of StBIN2 in its binding to StSN2. Similar to that of StSN2, overexpression of StBIN2 extended the dormancy of potato tuber. Interaction between StSN2 and StBIN2 increased the activity of the StBIN2 enzyme, inhibited the expression of StBZR1, and suppressed BR signaling. On the contrary, this interaction promoted the expression of StSnRK2.2/2.3/2.4/2.6 and StABI5, key genes of ABA signaling, and the phosphorylation of StSnRK2.3, thereby promoting ABA signaling. Altogether, our results indicate that StSN2 interacts with StBIN2 through key cysteine residues and StBIN2 maintains tuber dormancy by affecting ABA and BR signaling. Findings of this research offer new insights into the molecular mechanism by which StSN2 maintains potato tuber dormancy through interaction with StSIN2 and provide guidance for potato improvement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Chengcheng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Luopin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - He Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Liqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bianchimano L, De Luca MB, Borniego MB, Iglesias MJ, Casal JJ. Temperature regulation of auxin-related gene expression and its implications for plant growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:7015-7033. [PMID: 37422862 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-five years ago, a seminal paper demonstrated that warm temperatures increase auxin levels to promote hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we highlight recent advances in auxin-mediated thermomorphogenesis and identify unanswered questions. In the warmth, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF7 bind the YUCCA8 gene promoter and, in concert with histone modifications, enhance its expression to increase auxin synthesis in the cotyledons. Once transported to the hypocotyl, auxin promotes cell elongation. The meta-analysis of expression of auxin-related genes in seedlings exposed to temperatures ranging from cold to hot shows complex patterns of response. Changes in auxin only partially account for these responses. The expression of many SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR) genes reaches a maximum in the warmth, decreasing towards both temperature extremes in correlation with the rate of hypocotyl growth. Warm temperatures enhance primary root growth, the response requires auxin, and the hormone levels increase in the root tip but the impacts on cell division and cell expansion are not clear. A deeper understanding of auxin-mediated temperature control of plant architecture is necessary to face the challenge of global warming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Bianchimano
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
| | - María Belén De Luca
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - María Belén Borniego
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| | - María José Iglesias
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Jorge J Casal
- Fundación Instituto Leloir and IIBBA-CONICET, Av. Patricias Argentinas 435, Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura (IFEVA), Facultad de Agronomía, Av. San Martín 4453, Buenos Aires C1417DSE, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharma M, Sidhu AK, Samota MK, Gupta M, Koli P, Choudhary M. Post-Translational Modifications in Histones and Their Role in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Proteomes 2023; 11:38. [PMID: 38133152 PMCID: PMC10747722 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes11040038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stresses profoundly alter plant growth and development, resulting in yield losses. Plants have evolved adaptive mechanisms to combat these challenges, triggering intricate molecular responses to maintain tissue hydration and temperature stability during stress. A pivotal player in this defense is histone modification, governing gene expression in response to diverse environmental cues. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone tails, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation, regulate transcription, DNA processes, and stress-related traits. This review comprehensively explores the world of PTMs of histones in plants and their vital role in imparting various abiotic stress tolerance in plants. Techniques, like chromatin immune precipitation (ChIP), ChIP-qPCR, mass spectrometry, and Cleavage Under Targets and Tag mentation, have unveiled the dynamic histone modification landscape within plant cells. The significance of PTMs in enhancing the plants' ability to cope with abiotic stresses has also been discussed. Recent advances in PTM research shed light on the molecular basis of stress tolerance in plants. Understanding the intricate proteome complexity due to various proteoforms/protein variants is a challenging task, but emerging single-cell resolution techniques may help to address such challenges. The review provides the future prospects aimed at harnessing the full potential of PTMs for improved plant responses under changing climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi Sharma
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar 143009, India; (M.S.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Amanpreet K. Sidhu
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar 143009, India; (M.S.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Mahesh Kumar Samota
- ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Regional Station, Abohar 152116, India
| | - Mamta Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana 141001, India;
| | - Pushpendra Koli
- Plant Animal Relationship Division, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi 284003, India;
- Post-Harvest Biosecurity, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mukesh Choudhary
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, Ludhiana 141001, India;
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lee Z, Kim S, Choi SJ, Joung E, Kwon M, Park HJ, Shim JS. Regulation of Flowering Time by Environmental Factors in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3680. [PMID: 37960036 PMCID: PMC10649094 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The timing of floral transition is determined by both endogenous molecular pathways and external environmental conditions. Among these environmental conditions, photoperiod acts as a cue to regulate the timing of flowering in response to seasonal changes. Additionally, it has become clear that various environmental factors also control the timing of floral transition. Environmental factor acts as either a positive or negative signal to modulate the timing of flowering, thereby establishing the optimal flowering time to maximize the reproductive success of plants. This review aims to summarize the effects of environmental factors such as photoperiod, light intensity, temperature changes, vernalization, drought, and salinity on the regulation of flowering time in plants, as well as to further explain the molecular mechanisms that link environmental factors to the internal flowering time regulation pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zion Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Sohyun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Su Jeong Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Eui Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Moonhyuk Kwon
- Division of Life Science, ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee Jin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center of Ecomimetics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
- Institute of Synthetic Biology for Carbon Neutralization, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pereyra ME, Costigliolo Rojas C, Jarrell AF, Hovland AS, Snipes SA, Nagpal P, Alabadí D, Blázquez MA, Gutiérrez RA, Reed JW, Gray WM, Casal JJ. PIF4 enhances the expression of SAUR genes to promote growth in response to nitrate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304513120. [PMID: 37725643 PMCID: PMC10523462 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304513120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrate supply is fundamental to support shoot growth and crop performance, but the associated increase in stem height exacerbates the risks of lodging and yield losses. Despite their significance for agriculture, the mechanisms involved in the promotion of stem growth by nitrate remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the elongation of the hypocotyl of Arabidopsis thaliana, used as a model, responds rapidly and persistently to upshifts in nitrate concentration, rather than to the nitrate level itself. The response occurred even in shoots dissected from their roots and required NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) in the phosphorylated state (but not NRT1.1 nitrate transport capacity) and NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7). Nitrate increased PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) nuclear abundance by posttranscriptional mechanisms that depended on NRT1.1 and phytochrome B. In response to nitrate, PIF4 enhanced the expression of numerous SMALL AUXIN-UP RNA (SAUR) genes in the hypocotyl. The growth response to nitrate required PIF4, positive and negative regulators of its activity, including AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs, and SAURs. PIF4 integrates cues from the soil (nitrate) and aerial (shade) environments adjusting plant stature to facilitate access to light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matías Ezequiel Pereyra
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1417, Argentina
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Costigliolo Rojas
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
| | - Anne F. Jarrell
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - Austin S. Hovland
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN55108
| | - Stephen A. Snipes
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - Punita Nagpal
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - David Alabadí
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia46022, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Blázquez
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Valencia46022, Spain
| | - Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago8331150, Chile
| | - Jason W. Reed
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC27599-3280
| | - William M. Gray
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN55108
| | - Jorge José Casal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1417, Argentina
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires1405, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lan J, Wang N, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Yu H, Cao X, Qin G. Arabidopsis TCP4 transcription factor inhibits high temperature-induced homeotic conversion of ovules. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5673. [PMID: 37704599 PMCID: PMC10499876 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41416-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal high temperature (HT) caused by global warming threatens plant survival and food security, but the effects of HT on plant organ identity are elusive. Here, we show that Class II TEOSINTE BRANCHED 1/CYCLOIDEA/ PCF (TCP) transcription factors redundantly protect ovule identity under HT. The duodecuple tcp2/3/4/5/10/13/17/24/1/12/18/16 (tcpDUO) mutant displays HT-induced ovule conversion into carpelloid structures. Expression of TCP4 in tcpDUO complements the ovule identity conversion. TCP4 interacts with AGAMOUS (AG), SEPALLATA3 (SEP3), and the homeodomain transcription factor BELL1 (BEL1) to strengthen the association of BEL1 with AG-SEP3. The tcpDUO mutant synergistically interacts with bel1 and the ovule identity gene seedstick (STK) mutant stk in tcpDUO bel1 and tcpDUO stk. Our findings reveal the critical roles of Class II TCPs in maintaining ovule identity under HT and shed light on the molecular mechanisms by which ovule identity is determined by the integration of internal factors and environmental temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yutao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yidan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Genji Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Zhang H, Feng W, Lin X, Gao A, Cao Y, Yang Q, Wang Y, Li W, Fu F, Yu H. The Maize ZmBES1/BZR1-9 Transcription Factor Accelerates Flowering in Transgenic Arabidopsis and Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2995. [PMID: 37631206 PMCID: PMC10459471 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In model plants, the BRI1-EMS suppressor 1 (BES1)/brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1) transcription factors play vital roles in regulating growth, development, and stimuli response. However, the roles of maize ZmBES1/BZR1 members are largely unknown. In this research, the ZmBES1/BZR1-9 gene was ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis and rice for the phenotyping of flowering. We found that the complementation and overexpression of ZmBES1/BZR1-9 in bes1-D mutant and wild type Arabidopsis both resulted in early flowering that was about 10 days shorter than in the untransformed control under long-day conditions. In addition, there was no difference in the rosette leaf number between all transgenic lines and the control. Subsequently, the ZmBES1/BZR1-9 gene was overexpressed in rice. It was found that overexpression lines of rice exhibited early flowering with heading dates that were 8 days shorter compared with untransformed plants. Moreover, the results of RNA-seq and qRT-PCR showed that five flowering-regulated genes, namely At2-MMP, AtPCC1, AtMYB56, AtPELPK1, and AtPRP10, were significantly up-regulated in all complementary and overexpressing lines of Arabidopsis. Meanwhile, the results of RNA-seq showed that 69 and 33 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up- and down-regulated in transgenic rice, respectively. Four flowering-related genes, namely OsGA20OX1, OsCCR19, OsBTBN19, and OsRNS4 were significantly up-regulated in transgenic lines. To sum up, our findings demonstrate that ZmBES1/BZR1-9 is involved in controlling flowering and provide insights into further underlying roles of BES1/BZR1s in regulating growth and development in crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haoqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region; Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Han C, Wang L, Lyu J, Shi W, Yao L, Fan M, Bai MY. Brassinosteroid signaling and molecular crosstalk with nutrients in plants. J Genet Genomics 2023; 50:541-553. [PMID: 36914050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to optimize their growth and development in response to fluctuating nutrient levels. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of plant steroid hormones that play critical roles in plant growth and developmental processes as well as plant responses to environmental stimuli. Recently, multiple molecular mechanisms have been proposed to explain the integration of BRs with different nutrient signaling processes to coordinate gene expression, metabolism, growth, and survival. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the molecular regulatory mechanisms of the BR signaling pathway and the multifaceted roles of BR in the intertwined sensing, signaling, and metabolic processes of sugar, nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron. Further understanding and exploring these BR-related processes and mechanisms will facilitate advances in crop breeding for higher resource efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Jinyang Lyu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Wen Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lianmei Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Min Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Ming-Yi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shapulatov U, van Zanten M, van Hoogdalem M, Meisenburg M, van Hall A, Kappers I, Fasano C, Facella P, Loh CC, Perrella G, van der Krol A. The Mediator complex subunit MED25 interacts with HDA9 and PIF4 to regulate thermomorphogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:582-600. [PMID: 36537119 PMCID: PMC10152658 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Thermomorphogenesis is, among other traits, characterized by enhanced hypocotyl elongation due to the induction of auxin biosynthesis genes like YUCCA8 by transcription factors, most notably PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4). Efficient binding of PIF4 to the YUCCA8 locus under warmth depends on HISTONE DEACETYLASE 9 (HDA9) activity, which mediates histone H2A.Z depletion at the YUCCA8 locus. However, HDA9 lacks intrinsic DNA-binding capacity, and how HDA9 is recruited to YUCCA8, and possibly other PIF4-target sites, is currently not well understood. The Mediator complex functions as a bridge between transcription factors bound to specific promoter sequences and the basal transcription machinery containing RNA polymerase II. Mutants of Mediator component Mediator25 (MED25) exhibit reduced hypocotyl elongation and reduced expression of YUCCA8 at 27°C. In line with a proposed role for MED25 in thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), we demonstrated an enhanced association of MED25 to the YUCCA8 locus under warmth and interaction of MED25 with both PIF4 and HDA9. Genetic analysis confirmed that MED25 and HDA9 operate in the same pathway. Intriguingly, we also showed that MED25 destabilizes HDA9 protein. Based on our findings, we propose that MED25 recruits HDA9 to the YUCCA8 locus by binding to both PIF4 and HDA9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umidjon Shapulatov
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Temasek Life Science Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Plant Stress Resilience, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mark van Hoogdalem
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mara Meisenburg
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander van Hall
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Kappers
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carlo Fasano
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. Ionica, km 419.5, 75026 Rotondella (Matera), Italy
| | - Paolo Facella
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. Ionica, km 419.5, 75026 Rotondella (Matera), Italy
| | - Chi Cheng Loh
- Temasek Life Science Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Giorgio Perrella
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. Ionica, km 419.5, 75026 Rotondella (Matera), Italy
| | - Alexander van der Krol
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seo D, Park J, Park J, Hwang G, Seo PJ, Oh E. ZTL regulates thermomorphogenesis through TOC1 and PRR5. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:1442-1452. [PMID: 36655421 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Plants adapt to high temperature stresses through thermomorphogenesis, a process that includes stem elongation and hyponastic leaf growth. Thermomorphogenesis is gated by the circadian clock through two evening-expressed clock components, TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION1 (TOC1) and PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATORS5 (PRR5). These proteins directly interact with and inhibit PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4), a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that promotes thermoresponsive growth. PIF4-mediated thermoresponsive growth is positively regulated by ZEITLUPE (ZTL), a central clock component, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this are poorly understood. Here, we show that ZTL regulates thermoresponsive growth through TOC1 and PRR5. Genetic analyses reveal that ZTL regulates PIF4 activity as well as PIF4 expression. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ztl mutants exhibit highly accumulated TOC1 and PRR5 and unresponsive expression of PIF4 target genes under exposure to high temperatures. Mutations in TOC1 and PRR5 restore thermoactivation of PIF4 target genes and thermoresponsive growth in ztl mutants. We also show that the molecular chaperone heat-shock protein 90 promotes thermoresponsive growth through the ZTL-TOC1/PRR5 signaling module. Further, we show that ZTL protein stability is increased at high temperatures. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ZTL-mediated degradation of TOC1 and PRR5 enhances the sensitivity of hypocotyl growth to high temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dain Seo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jeeyoon Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geonhee Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Pil Joon Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunkyoo Oh
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qian W, Zhu Y, Chen Q, Wang S, Chen L, Liu T, Tang H, Yao H. Comprehensive metabolomic and lipidomic alterations in response to heat stress during seed germination and seedling growth of Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132881. [PMID: 37063208 PMCID: PMC10090499 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Temperature affects seed germination and seedling growth, which is a critical and complex stage in plant life cycle. However, comprehensive metabolic basis on temperature implicating seed germination and seedling growth remains less known. Here, we applied the high-throughput untargeted metabolomic and advanced shotgun lipidomic approaches to profile the Arabidopsis 182 metabolites and 149 lipids under moderate (22°C, 28°C) and extreme high (34°C, 40°C) temperatures. Our results showed that a typical feature of the metabolism related to organic acids/derivates and amines was obviously enriched at the moderate temperature, which was implicated in many cellular responses towards tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), carbohydrates and amino acids metabolism, peptide biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and indole 3-acetate (IAA) biosynthetic pathway. Whereas, under extreme high temperatures, there was no seed germination, but 148 out of total 182 metabolites were highly enriched, involving in the galactose metabolism, fatty acid degradation, tryptophan/phenylalanine metabolism, and shikimic acid-mediated pathways especially including alkaloids metabolism and glucosinolate/flavone/flavonol biosynthesis. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) also exhibited the gradually increased tendency from moderate temperatures to extreme high temperatures; whereas phosphatidylserine (PS), phosphatidic acid (PA), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) were contrary to decrease. Another typical feature of the distinguished metabolites between 22°C and 28°C, the TCA, disaccharides, nucleotides, polypeptides, SQDG and the biosynthesis of fatty acids and glucobrassicin-mediated IAA were obviously decreased at 28°C, while amino acids, trisaccharides, PE, PC, PA, PS, MGDG, DGDG and diacylglycerol (DAG) preferred to enrich at 28°C, which characterized the alteration of metabolites and lipids during fast seedling growth. Taking together, our results provided the comprehensive metabolites phenotyping, revealed the characteristics of metabolites necessary for seed germination and/or seedling growth under different temperatures, and provided insights into the different metabolic regulation of metabolites and lipid homeostasis for seed germination and seedling growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuaiyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longlong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Liu
- SCIEX, Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiru Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Human Phenome Institute, Metabonomics and Systems Biology Laboratory at Shanghai International Centre for Molecular Phenomics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Sang Q, Fan L, Liu T, Qiu Y, Du J, Mo B, Chen M, Chen X. MicroRNA156 conditions auxin sensitivity to enable growth plasticity in response to environmental changes in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1449. [PMID: 36949101 PMCID: PMC10033679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36774-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play diverse roles in plant development, but whether and how miRNAs participate in thermomorphogenesis remain ambiguous. Here we show that HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1 (HYL1)-a key component of miRNA biogenesis-acts downstream of the thermal regulator PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 in the temperature-dependent plasticity of hypocotyl growth in Arabidopsis. A hyl1-2 suppressor screen identified a dominant dicer-like1 allele that rescues hyl1-2's defects in miRNA biogenesis and thermoresponsive hypocotyl elongation. Genome-wide miRNA and transcriptome analysis revealed microRNA156 (miR156) and its target SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING-PROTEIN-LIKE 9 (SPL9) to be critical regulators of thermomorphogenesis. Surprisingly, perturbation of the miR156/SPL9 module disengages seedling responsiveness to warm temperatures by impeding auxin sensitivity. Moreover, miR156-dependent auxin sensitivity also operates in the shade avoidance response at lower temperatures. Thus, these results unveil the miR156/SPL9 module as a previously uncharacterized genetic circuit that enables plant growth plasticity in response to environmental temperature and light changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Lusheng Fan
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Tianxiang Liu
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Yongjian Qiu
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Beixin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of the Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Joint Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Yin L, Zander M, Huang SSC, Xie M, Song L, Saldierna Guzmán JP, Hann E, Shanbhag BK, Ng S, Jain S, Janssen BJ, Clark NM, Walley JW, Beddoe T, Bar-Joseph Z, Lewsey MG, Ecker JR. Transcription Factor Dynamics in Cross-Regulation of Plant Hormone Signaling Pathways. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.07.531630. [PMID: 36945593 PMCID: PMC10028877 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.07.531630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Cross-regulation between hormone signaling pathways is indispensable for plant growth and development. However, the molecular mechanisms by which multiple hormones interact and co-ordinate activity need to be understood. Here, we generated a cross-regulation network explaining how hormone signals are integrated from multiple pathways in etiolated Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings. To do so we comprehensively characterized transcription factor activity during plant hormone responses and reconstructed dynamic transcriptional regulatory models for six hormones; abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and strigolactone/karrikin. These models incorporated target data for hundreds of transcription factors and thousands of protein-protein interactions. Each hormone recruited different combinations of transcription factors, a subset of which were shared between hormones. Hub target genes existed within hormone transcriptional networks, exhibiting transcription factor activity themselves. In addition, a group of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASES (MPKs) were identified as potential key points of cross-regulation between multiple hormones. Accordingly, the loss of function of one of these (MPK6) disrupted the global proteome, phosphoproteome and transcriptome during hormone responses. Lastly, we determined that all hormones drive substantial alternative splicing that has distinct effects on the transcriptome compared with differential gene expression, acting in early hormone responses. These results provide a comprehensive understanding of the common features of plant transcriptional regulatory pathways and how cross-regulation between hormones acts upon gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Yin
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture Biomedicine and Environment, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Mark Zander
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Shao-shan Carol Huang
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Mingtang Xie
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Cibus, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Liang Song
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Department of Botany, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J. Paola Saldierna Guzmán
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hann
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Present address: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Bhuvana K. Shanbhag
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture Biomedicine and Environment, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Sophia Ng
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture Biomedicine and Environment, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Siddhartha Jain
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Bart J. Janssen
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Natalie M. Clark
- Proteomics Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142 USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011 USA
| | - Justin W. Walley
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011 USA
| | - Travis Beddoe
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture Biomedicine and Environment, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Ziv Bar-Joseph
- Computational Biology Department, School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Mathew G. Lewsey
- La Trobe Institute for Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture Biomedicine and Environment, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plants For Space, AgriBio Building, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Joseph R. Ecker
- Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu M, Wang Y, Zhang M, Chen M, Ni Y, Xu X, Xu S, Li Y, Zhang X. Genome-Wide Identification of BES1 Gene Family in Six Cucurbitaceae Species and Its Expression Analysis in Cucurbita moschata. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032287. [PMID: 36768611 PMCID: PMC9916444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The BES1 (BRI1-EMSSUPPRESSOR1) gene family play a vital role in the BR (brassinosteroid) signaling pathway, which is involved in the growth and development, biotic, abiotic, and hormone stress response in many plants. However, there are few reports of BES1 in Cucurbita moschata. In this study, 50 BES1 genes were identified in six Cucurbitaceae species by genome-wide analysis, which could be classified into 3 groups according to their gene structural features and motif compositions, and 13 CmoBES1 genes in Cucurbita moschata were mapped on 10 chromosomes. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed that the CmoBES1 genes displayed differential expression under different abiotic stress and hormone treatments. Subcellular localization showed that the most of CmoBES1 proteins localized in nucleus and cytoplasm, and transactivation assay indicated 9 CmoBES1 proteins played roles as transcription factors. Our analysis of BES1s diversity, localization, and expression in Curcubitaceae contributes to the better understanding of the essential roles of these transcription factors in plants.
Collapse
|
25
|
Artz O, Ackermann A, Taylor L, Koo PK, Pedmale UV. Light and temperature regulate m 6A-RNA modification to regulate growth in plants. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.17.524395. [PMID: 36711495 PMCID: PMC9882139 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.17.524395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine is a highly dynamic, abundant mRNA modification which is an excellent potential mechanism for fine tuning gene expression. Plants adapt to their surrounding light and temperature environment using complex gene regulatory networks. The role of m6A in controlling gene expression in response to variable environmental conditions has so far been unexplored. Here, we map the transcriptome-wide m6A landscape under various light and temperature environments. Identified m6A-modifications show a highly specific spatial distribution along transcripts with enrichment occurring in 5'UTR regions and around transcriptional end sites. We show that the position of m6A modifications on transcripts might influence cellular transcript localization and the presence of m6A-modifications is associated with alternative polyadenylation, a process which results in multiple RNA isoforms with varying 3'UTR lengths. RNA with m6A-modifications exhibit a higher preference for shorter 3'UTRs. These shorter 3'UTR regions might directly influence transcript abundance and localization by including or excluding cis-regulatory elements. We propose that environmental stimuli might change the m6A landscape of plants as one possible way of fine tuning gene regulation through alternative polyadenylation and transcript localization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Artz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724. USA
| | - Amanda Ackermann
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724. USA
| | - Laura Taylor
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724. USA
| | - Peter K. Koo
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724. USA
| | - Ullas V. Pedmale
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, 11724. USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang Q, Zhu Z. Light signaling-mediated growth plasticity in Arabidopsis grown under high-temperature conditions. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:53. [PMID: 37676614 PMCID: PMC10441904 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing concern around global warming has led to an increase in research focused on plant responses to increased temperature. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of plant adaptation to high ambient temperature and heat stress, emphasizing the roles of plant light signaling in these responses. We summarize how high temperatures regulate plant cotyledon expansion and shoot and root elongation and explain how plants use light signaling to combat severe heat stress. Finally, we discuss several future avenues for this research and identify various unresolved questions within this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yao X, Li Y, Chen J, Zhou Z, Wen Y, Fang K, Yang F, Li T, Zhang D, Lin H. Brassinosteroids enhance BES1-required thermomemory in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:3492-3504. [PMID: 36130868 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) caused by ambient high temperature poses a threat to plants. In the natural and agricultural environment, plants often encounter repeated and changeable HS. Moderate HS primes plants to establish a molecular 'thermomemory' that enables plants to withstand a later-and possibly more extreme-HS attack. Recent years, brassinosteroids (BRs) have been implicated in HS response, whereas the information is lacking on whether BRs signal transduction modulates thermomemory. Here, we uncover the positive role of BRs signalling in thermomemory of Arabidopsis thaliana. Heat priming induces de novo synthesis and nuclear accumulation of BRI1-Ethyl methyl sulfon-SUPPRESSOR (BES1), which is the key regulator of BRs signalling. BRs promote the accumulation of dephosphorylated BES1 during memory phase, and stoppage of BRs synthesis impairs dephosphorylation. During HS memory, BES1 is required to maintain sustained induction of HS memory genes and directly targets APX2 and HSFA3 for activation. In summary, our results reveal a BES1-required, BRs-enhanced transcriptional control module of thermomemory in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhong Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanling Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zuxu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fabin Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Taotao Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Saini K, Dwivedi A, Ranjan A. High temperature restricts cell division and leaf size by coordination of PIF4 and TCP4 transcription factors. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:2380-2397. [PMID: 35880840 PMCID: PMC9706436 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
High ambient temperature suppresses Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) rosette leaf area and elongates the stem and petiole. While the mechanism underlying the temperature-induced elongation response has been extensively studied, the genetic basis of temperature regulation of leaf size is largely unknown. Here, we show that warm temperature inhibits cell proliferation in Arabidopsis leaves, resulting in fewer cells compared to the control condition. Cellular phenotyping and genetic and biochemical analyses established the key roles of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) and TEOSINTE BRANCHED1/CYCLOIDEA/PCF4 (TCP4) transcription factors in the suppression of Arabidopsis leaf area under high temperature by a reduction in cell number. We show that temperature-mediated suppression of cell proliferation requires PIF4, which interacts with TCP4 and regulates the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor KIP-RELATED PROTEIN1 (KRP1) to control leaf size under high temperature. Warm temperature induces binding of both PIF4 and TCP4 to the KRP1 promoter. PIF4 binding to KRP1 under high temperature is TCP4 dependent as TCP4 regulates PIF4 transcript levels under high temperature. We propose a model where a warm temperature-mediated accumulation of PIF4 in leaf cells promotes its binding to the KRP1 promoter in a TCP4-dependent way to regulate cell production and leaf size. Our finding of high temperature-mediated transcriptional upregulation of KRP1 integrates a developmental signal with an environmental signal that converges on a basal cell regulatory process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aditi Dwivedi
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
ERF49 mediates brassinosteroid regulation of heat stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC Biol 2022; 20:254. [DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Heat stress is a major abiotic stress affecting the growth and development of plants, including crop species. Plants have evolved various adaptive strategies to help them survive heat stress, including maintaining membrane stability, encoding heat shock proteins (HSPs) and ROS-scavenging enzymes, and inducing molecular chaperone signaling. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are phytohormones that regulate various aspects of plant development, which have been implicated also in plant responses to heat stress, and resistance to heat in Arabidopsis thaliana is enhanced by adding exogenous BR. Brassinazole resistant 1 (BZR1), a transcription factor and positive regulator of BR signal, controls plant growth and development by directly regulating downstream target genes. However, the molecular mechanism at the basis of BR-mediated heat stress response is poorly understood. Here, we report the identification of a new factor critical for BR-regulated heat stress tolerance.
Results
We identified ERF49 in a genetic screen for proteins required for BR-regulated gene expression. We found that ERF49 is the direct target gene of BZR1 and that overexpressing ERF49 enhanced sensitivity of transgenic plants to heat stress. The transcription levels of heat shock factor HSFA2, heat stress-inducible gene DREB2A, and three heat shock protein (HSP) were significantly reduced under heat stress in ERF49-overexpressed transgenic plants. Transcriptional activity analysis in protoplast revealed that BZR1 inhibits ERF49 expression by binding to the promoter of ERF49. Our genetic analysis showed that dominant gain-of-function brassinazole resistant 1-1D mutant (bzr1-1D) exhibited lower sensitivity to heat stress compared with wild-type. Expressing ERF49-SRDX (a dominant repressor reporter of ERF49) in bzr1-1D significantly decreased the sensitivity of ERF49-SRDX/bzr1-1D transgenic plants to heat stress compared to bzr1-1D.
Conclusions
Our data provide clear evidence that BR increases thermotolerance of plants by repressing the expression of ERF49 through BZR1, and this process is dependent on the expression of downstream heat stress-inducible genes. Taken together, our work reveals a novel molecular mechanism mediating plant response to high temperature stress.
Collapse
|
30
|
Qin W, Wang N, Yin Q, Li H, Wu AM, Qin G. Activation tagging identifies WRKY14 as a repressor of plant thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1725-1743. [PMID: 36155833 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increases in recorded high temperatures around the world are causing plant thermomorphogenesis and decreasing crop productivity. PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) is a central positive regulator of plant thermomorphogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PIF4-regulated thermomorphogenesis remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified ABNORMAL THERMOMORPHOGENESIS 1 (ABT1) as an important negative regulator of PIF4 and plant thermomorphogenesis. Overexpression of ABT1 in the activation tagging mutant abt1-D caused shorter hypocotyls and petioles under moderately high temperature (HT). ABT1 encodes WRKY14, which belongs to subgroup II of the WRKY transcription factors. Overexpression of ABT1/WRKY14 or its close homologs, including ABT2/WRKY35, ABT3/WRKY65, and ABT4/WRKY69in transgenic plants caused insensitivity to HT, whereas the quadruple mutant abt1 abt2 abt3 abt4 exhibited greater sensitivity to HT. ABTs were expressed in hypocotyls, cotyledons, shoot apical meristems, and leaves, but their expression were suppressed by HT. Biochemical assays showed that ABT1 can interact with TCP5, a known positive regulator of PIF4, and interrupt the formation of the TCP5-PIF4 complex and repress its transcriptional activation activity. Genetic analysis showed that ABT1 functioned antagonistically with TCP5, BZR1, and PIF4 in plant thermomorphogenesis. Taken together, our results identify ABT1/WRKY14 as a critical repressor of plant thermomorphogenesis and suggest that ABT1/WRKY14, TCP5, and PIF4 may form a sophisticated regulatory module to fine-tune PIF4 activity and temperature-dependent plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Yin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Huiling Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ai-Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Genji Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
A combination of plasma membrane sterol biosynthesis and autophagy is required for shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5659. [PMID: 36216814 PMCID: PMC9550796 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth ultimately depends on fixed carbon, thus the available light for photosynthesis. Due to canopy light absorption properties, vegetative shade combines low blue (LB) light and a low red to far-red ratio (LRFR). In shade-avoiding plants, these two conditions independently trigger growth adaptations to enhance light access. However, how these conditions, differing in light quality and quantity, similarly promote hypocotyl growth remains unknown. Using RNA sequencing we show that these two features of shade trigger different transcriptional reprogramming. LB induces starvation responses, suggesting a switch to a catabolic state. Accordingly, LB promotes autophagy. In contrast, LRFR induced anabolism including expression of sterol biosynthesis genes in hypocotyls in a manner dependent on PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs). Genetic analyses show that the combination of sterol biosynthesis and autophagy is essential for hypocotyl growth promotion in vegetative shade. We propose that vegetative shade enhances hypocotyl growth by combining autophagy-mediated recycling and promotion of specific lipid biosynthetic processes. Plants subject to vegetative shade receive a low quantity of blue light (LB) and a low ratio of red to far-red light (LFLR). Here the authors show that while LB induces autophagy, LFLR leads to changes in lipid metabolism, and propose that these processes may contribute to shade avoidance responses.
Collapse
|
32
|
Agrawal R, Sharma M, Dwivedi N, Maji S, Thakur P, Junaid A, Fajkus J, Laxmi A, Thakur JK. MEDIATOR SUBUNIT17 integrates jasmonate and auxin signaling pathways to regulate thermomorphogenesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:2259-2280. [PMID: 35567489 PMCID: PMC9342970 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant adjustment to environmental changes involves complex crosstalk between extrinsic and intrinsic cues. In the past two decades, extensive research has elucidated the key roles of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR4 (PIF4) and the phytohormone auxin in thermomorphogenesis. In this study, we identified a previously unexplored role of jasmonate (JA) signaling components, the Mediator complex, and their integration with auxin signaling during thermomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Warm temperature induces expression of JA signaling genes including MYC2, but, surprisingly, this transcriptional activation is not JA dependent. Warm temperature also promotes accumulation of the JA signaling receptor CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1 (COI1) and degradation of the JA signaling repressor JASMONATE-ZIM-DOMAIN PROTEIN9, which probably leads to de-repression of MYC2, enabling it to contribute to the expression of MEDIATOR SUBUNIT17 (MED17). In response to warm temperature, MED17 occupies the promoters of thermosensory genes including PIF4, YUCCA8 (YUC8), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE19 (IAA19), and IAA29. Moreover, MED17 facilitates enrichment of H3K4me3 on the promoters of PIF4, YUC8, IAA19, and IAA29 genes. Interestingly, both occupancy of MED17 and enrichment of H3K4me3 on these thermomorphogenesis-related promoters are dependent on PIF4 (or PIFs). Altered accumulation of COI1 under warm temperature in the med17 mutant suggests the possibility of a feedback mechanism. Overall, this study reveals the role of the Mediator complex as an integrator of JA and auxin signaling pathways during thermomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Agrawal
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Mohan Sharma
- Signalling Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Nidhi Dwivedi
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sourobh Maji
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Pallabi Thakur
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alim Junaid
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jiří Fajkus
- Mendel Centre for Plant Genomics and Proteomics, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ashverya Laxmi
- Signalling Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jitendra K Thakur
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India
- Plant Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi 110067, India
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Delker C, Quint M, Wigge PA. Recent advances in understanding thermomorphogenesis signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 68:102231. [PMID: 35636376 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plants show remarkable phenotypic plasticity and are able to adjust their morphology and development to diverse environmental stimuli. Morphological acclimation responses to elevated ambient temperatures are collectively termed thermomorphogenesis. In Arabidopsis thaliana, morphological changes are coordinated to a large extent by the transcription factor PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), which in turn is regulated by several thermosensing mechanisms and modulators. Here, we review recent advances in the identification of factors that regulate thermomorphogenesis of Arabidopsis seedlings by affecting PIF4 expression and PIF4 activity. We summarize newly identified thermosensing mechanisms and highlight work on the emerging topic of organ- and tissue-specificity in the regulation of thermomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Delker
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Marcel Quint
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Betty-Heimann-Str. 5, D-06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Philip A Wigge
- Leibniz-Institut für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Großbeeren, Germany; Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Costigliolo Rojas C, Bianchimano L, Oh J, Romero Montepaone S, Tarkowská D, Minguet EG, Schön J, García Hourquet M, Flugel T, Blázquez MA, Choi G, Strnad M, Mora-García S, Alabadi D, Zurbriggen MD, Casal JJ. Organ-specific COP1 control of BES1 stability adjusts plant growth patterns under shade or warmth. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2009-2025.e6. [PMID: 35901789 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Under adverse conditions such as shade or elevated temperatures, cotyledon expansion is reduced and hypocotyl growth is promoted to optimize plant architecture. The mechanisms underlying the repression of cotyledon cell expansion remain unknown. Here, we report that the nuclear abundance of the BES1 transcription factor decreased in the cotyledons and increased in the hypocotyl in Arabidopsis thaliana under shade or warmth. Brassinosteroid levels did not follow the same trend. PIF4 and COP1 increased their nuclear abundance in both organs under shade or warmth. PIF4 directly bound the BES1 promoter to enhance its activity but indirectly reduced BES1 expression. COP1 physically interacted with the BES1 protein, promoting its proteasome degradation in the cotyledons. COP1 had the opposite effect in the hypocotyl, demonstrating organ-specific regulatory networks. Our work indicates that shade or warmth reduces BES1 activity by transcriptional and post-translational regulation to inhibit cotyledon cell expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Costigliolo Rojas
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Bianchimano
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jeonghwa Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Sofía Romero Montepaone
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dana Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Eugenio G Minguet
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jonas Schön
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mariano García Hourquet
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Timo Flugel
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Miguel A Blázquez
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Giltsu Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Santiago Mora-García
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - David Alabadi
- Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Matias D Zurbriggen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology and Cluster of Excellence in Plant Sciences, University of Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorge J Casal
- Fundaciόn Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1405 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, 1417 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Park YJ, Kim JY, Park CM. SMAX1 potentiates phytochrome B-mediated hypocotyl thermomorphogenesis. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:2671-2687. [PMID: 35478037 PMCID: PMC9252492 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant thermosensors help optimize plant development and architecture for ambient temperatures, and morphogenic adaptation to warm temperatures has been extensively studied in recent years. Phytochrome B (phyB)-mediated thermosensing and the gene regulatory networks governing thermomorphogenic responses are well understood at the molecular level. However, it is unknown how plants manage their responsiveness to fluctuating temperatures in inducing thermomorphogenic behaviors. Here, we demonstrate that SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1), known as a karrikin signaling repressor, enhances the thermosensitivity of hypocotyl morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hypocotyl thermomorphogenesis was largely disrupted in SMAX1-deficient mutants. SMAX1 interacts with phyB to alleviate its suppressive effects on the transcription factor activity of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4), promoting hypocotyl thermomorphogenesis. Interestingly, the SMAX1 protein is slowly destabilized at warm temperatures, preventing hypocotyl overgrowth. Our findings indicate that the thermodynamic control of SMAX1 abundance serves as a molecular gatekeeper for phyB function in thermosensitizing PIF4-mediated hypocotyl morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Plant hormones are signalling compounds that regulate crucial aspects of growth, development and environmental stress responses. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, heat, cold and flooding, have profound effects on plant growth and survival. Adaptation and tolerance to such stresses require sophisticated sensing, signalling and stress response mechanisms. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in understanding how diverse plant hormones control abiotic stress responses in plants and highlight points of hormonal crosstalk during abiotic stress signalling. Control mechanisms and stress responses mediated by plant hormones including abscisic acid, auxin, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene and gibberellins are discussed. We discuss new insights into osmotic stress sensing and signalling mechanisms, hormonal control of gene regulation and plant development during stress, hormone-regulated submergence tolerance and stomatal movements. We further explore how innovative imaging approaches are providing insights into single-cell and tissue hormone dynamics. Understanding stress tolerance mechanisms opens new opportunities for agricultural applications.
Collapse
|
38
|
Perrella G, Bäurle I, van Zanten M. Epigenetic regulation of thermomorphogenesis and heat stress tolerance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1144-1160. [PMID: 35037247 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many environmental conditions fluctuate and organisms need to respond effectively. This is especially true for temperature cues that can change in minutes to seasons and often follow a diurnal rhythm. Plants cannot migrate and most cannot regulate their temperature. Therefore, a broad array of responses have evolved to deal with temperature cues from freezing to heat stress. A particular response to mildly elevated temperatures is called thermomorphogenesis, a suite of morphological adaptations that includes thermonasty, formation of thin leaves and elongation growth of petioles and hypocotyl. Thermomorphogenesis allows for optimal performance in suboptimal temperature conditions by enhancing the cooling capacity. When temperatures rise further, heat stress tolerance mechanisms can be induced that enable the plant to survive the stressful temperature, which typically comprises cellular protection mechanisms and memory thereof. Induction of thermomorphogenesis, heat stress tolerance and stress memory depend on gene expression regulation, governed by diverse epigenetic processes. In this Tansley review we update on the current knowledge of epigenetic regulation of heat stress tolerance and elevated temperature signalling and response, with a focus on thermomorphogenesis regulation and heat stress memory. In particular we highlight the emerging role of H3K4 methylation marks in diverse temperature signalling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Perrella
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Trisaia Research Centre, S.S. Ionica, km 419.5, 75026, Rotondella (Matera), Italy
| | - Isabel Bäurle
- Institute for Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, D-14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martijn van Zanten
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wang S, Sun Q, Zhang M, Yin C, Ni M. WRKY2 and WRKY10 regulate the circadian expression of PIF4 during the day through interactions with CCA1/LHY and phyB. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100265. [PMID: 35529947 PMCID: PMC9073327 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2021.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors are known mostly for their function in plant defense, abiotic stress responses, senescence, seed germination, and development of the pollen, embryo, and seed. Here, we report the regulatory functions of two WRKY proteins in photomorphogenesis and PIF4 expression. PIF4 is a critical signaling hub in light, temperature, and hormonal signaling pathways. Either its expression or its accumulation peaks in the morning and afternoon. WRKY2 and WRKY10 form heterodimers and recognize their target site in the PIF4 promoter near the MYB element that is bound by CCA1 and LHY under red and blue light. WRKY2 and WRKY10 interact directly with CCA1/LHY to enhance their targeting but interact indirectly with SHB1. The two WRKY proteins also interact with phyB, and their interaction enhances the targeting of CCA1 and LHY to the PIF4 promoter. SHB1 associates with the WRKY2 and WRKY10 loci and enhances their expression in parallel with the PIF4 expression peaks. This forward regulatory loop further sustains the accumulation of the two WRKY proteins and the targeting of CCA1/LHY to the PIF4 locus. In summary, interactions of two WRKY proteins with CCA1/LHY and phyB maintain an optimal expression level of PIF4 toward noon and afternoon, which is essential to sketch the circadian pattern of PIF4 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Qingbin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Chengzhu Yin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Min Ni
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota at Twin Cities, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li X, Liang T, Liu H. How plants coordinate their development in response to light and temperature signals. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:955-966. [PMID: 34904672 PMCID: PMC8894937 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Light and temperature change constantly under natural conditions and profoundly affect plant growth and development. Light and warmer temperatures promote flowering, higher light intensity inhibits hypocotyl and petiole elongation, and warmer temperatures promote hypocotyl and petiole elongation. Moreover, exogenous light and temperature signals must be integrated with endogenous signals to fine-tune phytohormone metabolism and plant morphology. Plants perceive and respond to light and ambient temperature using common sets of factors, such as photoreceptors and multiple light signal transduction components. These highly structured signaling networks are critical for plant survival and adaptation. This review discusses how plants respond to variable light and temperature conditions using common elements to coordinate their development. Future directions for research on light and temperature signaling pathways are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tong Liang
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Author for correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Post-translational modification: a strategic response to high temperature in plants. ABIOTECH 2022; 3:49-64. [PMID: 36304199 PMCID: PMC9590526 DOI: 10.1007/s42994-021-00067-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing global warming, high-temperature stress is affecting plant growth and development with greater frequency. Therefore, an increasing number of studies examining the mechanism of temperature response contribute to a more optimal understanding of plant growth under environmental pressure. Post-translational modification (PTM) provides the rapid reconnection of transcriptional programs including transcription factors and signaling proteins. It is vital that plants quickly respond to changes in the environment in order to survive under stressful situations. Herein, we discuss several types of PTMs that occur in response to warm-temperature and high-temperature stress, including ubiquitination, SUMOylation, phosphorylation, histone methylation, and acetylation. This review provides a valuable resolution to this issue to enable increased crop productivity at high temperatures.
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhang C, Lauster T, Tang W, Houbaert A, Zhu S, Eeckhout D, De Smet I, De Jaeger G, Jacobs TB, Xu T, Müller S, Russinova E. ROPGAP-dependent interaction between brassinosteroid and ROP2-GTPase signaling controls pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2022; 32:518-531.e6. [PMID: 35085499 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The epidermal pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis is driven by chemical and mechanical cues that direct partitioning mechanisms required for the establishment of the lobe- and indentation-defining polar sites. Brassinosteroid (BR) hormones regulate pavement cell morphogenesis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we identified two PLECKSTRIN HOMOLOGY GTPase-ACTIVATING proteins (PHGAPs) as substrates of the GSK3-like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2). The phgap1phgap2 mutant displayed severe epidermal cell shape phenotypes, and the PHGAPs were markedly enriched in the anticlinal face of the pavement cell indenting regions. BIN2 phosphorylation of PHGAPs was required for their stability and polarization. BIN2 inhibition activated ROP2-GTPase signaling specifically in the lobes because of PHGAP degradation, while the PHGAPs restrained ROP2 activity in the indentations. Hence, we connect BR and ROP2-GTPase signaling pathways via the regulation of PHGAPs and put forward the importance of spatiotemporal control of BR signaling for pavement cell interdigitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Theresa Lauster
- Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wenxin Tang
- FAFU-UCR Joint Centre for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Anaxi Houbaert
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shanshuo Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas B Jacobs
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tongda Xu
- FAFU-UCR Joint Centre for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, P.R. China
| | - Sabine Müller
- Developmental Genetics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Yu B, Ming F, Liang Y, Wang Y, Gan Y, Qiu Z, Yan S, Cao B. Heat Stress Resistance Mechanisms of Two Cucumber Varieties from Different Regions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031817. [PMID: 35163740 PMCID: PMC8837171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
High temperatures affect the yield and quality of vegetable crops. Unlike thermosensitive plants, thermotolerant plants have excellent systems for withstanding heat stress. This study evaluated various heat resistance indexes of the thermotolerant cucumber (TT) and thermosensitive cucumber (TS) plants at the seedling stage. The similarities and differences between the regulatory genes were assessed through transcriptome analysis to understand the mechanisms for heat stress resistance in cucumber. The TT plants exhibited enhanced leaf status, photosystem, root viability, and ROS scavenging under high temperature compared to the TS plants. Additionally, transcriptome analysis showed that the genes involved in photosynthesis, the chlorophyll metabolism, and defense responses were upregulated in TT plants but downregulated in TS plants. Zeatin riboside (ZR), brassinosteroid (BR), and jasmonic acid (JA) levels were higher in TT plants than in TS. The heat stress increased gibberellic acid (GA) and indoleacetic acid (IAA) levels in both plant lines; however, the level of GA was higher in TT. Correlation and interaction analyses revealed that heat cucumber heat resistance is regulated by a few transcription factor family genes and metabolic pathways. Our study revealed different phenotypic and physiological mechanisms of the heat response by the thermotolerant and thermosensitive cucumber plants. The plants were also shown to exhibit different expression profiles and metabolic pathways. The heat resistant pathways and genes of two cucumber varieties were also identified. These results enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cucumber response to high-temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fangyan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yonggui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yixi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwei Gan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhengkun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (B.C.)
| | - Bihao Cao
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Biology and Germplasm Innovation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (B.Y.); (F.M.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.Q.)
- Guangdong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: (S.Y.); (B.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ren H, Wu X, Zhao W, Wang Y, Sun D, Gao K, Tang W. Heat Shock-Induced Accumulation of the Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-Like Kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 2 Promotes Early Flowering but Reduces Thermotolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:838062. [PMID: 35154235 PMCID: PMC8828572 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.838062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential plant growth- and development-regulating phytohormones. When applied exogenously, BRs ameliorate heat shock (HS)-induced cell damage and enhance plant thermotolerance; however, the molecular mechanism by which BRs regulate plant thermotolerance is unknown. In this study, by analyzing the thermotolerance of a series of BR signaling mutants and plants that overexpressed different BR signaling components, we obtained comprehensive data showing that BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2) plays a major role in mediating the crosstalk between BR signaling and plant HS responses. By RNA-Seq, 608 HS- and BIN2-regulated genes were identified. An analysis of the 1-kb promoter sequences of these genes showed enrichment of an abscisic acid (ABA) INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5)-binding cis-element. Physiological studies showed that thermotolerance was reduced in bin2-1 mutant and ABI5-OX plants but increased in the abi5 mutant, and that the abi5 mutation could recover the thermotolerance of bin2-1 plants to a wild-type level, suggesting that ABI5 functions downstream of BIN2 in regulating plant thermotolerance. Further, HS treatment increased the cellular abundance of BIN2. Both bin2-1 mutant and BIN2-OX plants showed early flowering, while the BIN2 loss-of-function mutant bin2-3 bil1 bil2 flowered late. Given these findings, we propose that under HS conditions plants increase BIN2 activity to promote early flowering and ensure species survival; however, this reduces the thermotolerance and survivability of individual plants partially by activating ABI5.
Collapse
|
45
|
Brassinosteroids (BRs) Role in Plant Development and Coping with Different Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031012. [PMID: 35162936 PMCID: PMC8835148 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are vulnerable to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses that cause a substantial decrease in the production of plants. Plants respond to different environmental stresses by experiencing a series of molecular and physiological changes coordinated by various phytohormones. The use of phytohormones to alleviate stresses has recently achieved increasing interest. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated steroidal phytohormones that are required for the development, growth, and productivity of plants. These hormones are involved in regulating the division, elongation, and differentiation of numerous cell types throughout the entire plant life cycle. BR studies have drawn the interest of plant scientists over the last few decades due to their flexible ability to mitigate different environmental stresses. BRs have been shown in numerous studies to have a positive impact on plant responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses. BR receptors detect the BR at the cell surface, triggering a series of phosphorylation events that activate the central transcription factor (TF) Brassinazole-resistant 1 (BZR1), which regulates the transcription of BR-responsive genes in the nucleus. This review discusses the discovery, occurrence, and chemical structure of BRs in plants. Furthermore, their role in the growth and development of plants, and against various stresses, is discussed. Finally, BR signaling in plants is discussed.
Collapse
|
46
|
Albertos P, Dündar G, Schenk P, Carrera S, Cavelius P, Sieberer T, Poppenberger B. Transcription factor BES1 interacts with HSFA1 to promote heat stress resistance of plants. EMBO J 2022; 41:e108664. [PMID: 34981847 PMCID: PMC8804921 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is a major environmental stress type that can limit plant growth and development. To survive sudden temperature increases, plants utilize the heat shock response, an ancient signaling pathway. Initial results had suggested a role for brassinosteroids (BRs) in this response. Brassinosteroids are growth-promoting steroid hormones whose activity is mediated by transcription factors of the BES1/BZR1 subfamily. Here, we provide evidence that BES1 can contribute to heat stress signaling. In response to heat, BES1 is activated even in the absence of BRs and directly binds to heat shock elements (HSEs), known binding sites of heat shock transcription factors (HSFs). HSFs of the HSFA1 type can interact with BES1 and facilitate its activity in HSE binding. These findings lead us to propose an extended model of the heat stress response in plants, in which the recruitment of BES1 is a means of heat stress signaling cross-talk with a central growth regulatory pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Albertos
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Gönül Dündar
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Philipp Schenk
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Sergio Carrera
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Philipp Cavelius
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Tobias Sieberer
- Plant Growth Regulation, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Brigitte Poppenberger
- Biotechnology of Horticultural Crops, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lu HP, Wang JJ, Wang MJ, Liu JX. Roles of plant hormones in thermomorphogenesis. STRESS BIOLOGY 2021; 1:20. [PMID: 37676335 PMCID: PMC10441977 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-021-00022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Global warming has great impacts on plant growth and development, as well as ecological distribution. Plants constantly perceive environmental temperatures and adjust their growth and development programs accordingly to cope with the environment under non-lethal warm temperature conditions. Plant hormones are endogenous bioactive chemicals that play central roles in plant growth, developmental, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this review, we summarize the important roles of plant hormones, including auxin, brassinosteroids (BRs), Gibberellins (GAs), ethylene (ET), and jasmonates (JAs), in regulating plant growth under warm temperature conditions. This provides a picture on how plants sense and transduce the warm temperature signals to regulate downstream gene expression for controlling plant growth under warm temperature conditions via hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Mei-Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang LL, Luo A, Davis SJ, Liu JX. Timing to grow: roles of clock in thermomorphogenesis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:1248-1257. [PMID: 34404586 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plants coordinate their growth and developmental programs with changes in temperature. This process is termed thermomorphogenesis. The underlying molecular mechanisms have begun to emerge in these nonstressful responses to adjustments in prevailing temperature. The circadian clock is an internal timekeeper that ensures growth, development, and fitness across a wide range of environmental conditions and it responds to thermal changes. Here, we highlight how the circadian clock gates thermoresponsive hypocotyl growth in plants, with an emphasis on different action mode of evening complex (EC) in thermomorphogenesis. We also discuss the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of EC in transducing temperature signals to the key integrator PIF4. This provides future perspectives on unanswered questions on EC-associated thermomorphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Anni Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Seth Jon Davis
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO105DD, UK; Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lin F, Cao J, Yuan J, Liang Y, Li J. Integration of Light and Brassinosteroid Signaling during Seedling Establishment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12971. [PMID: 34884771 PMCID: PMC8657978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Light and brassinosteroid (BR) are external stimuli and internal cue respectively, that both play critical roles in a wide range of developmental and physiological process. Seedlings grown in the light exhibit photomorphogenesis, while BR promotes seedling etiolation. Light and BR oppositely control the development switch from shotomorphogenesis in the dark to photomorphogenesis in the light. Recent progress report that substantial components have been identified as hubs to integrate light and BR signals. Photomorphogenic repressors including COP1, PIFs, and AGB1 have been reported to elevate BR response, while photomorphogenesis-promoting factors such as HY5, BZS1, and NF-YCs have been proven to repress BR signal. In addition, BR components also modulate light signal. Here, we review the current research on signaling network associated with light and brassinosteroids, with a focus on the integration of light and BR signals enabling plants to thrive in the changeable environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (J.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.L.); (J.L.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yang N, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Xi Z, Wang X. Emerging roles of brassinosteroids and light in anthocyanin biosynthesis and ripeness of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-13. [PMID: 34793267 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2004579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are important pigments that contribute to fruit quality. The regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis by several transcription factors via sophisticated regulatory networks has been studied in various plants. Brassinosteroids (BRs), a new class of plant hormone, are involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in fruits. Furthermore, light directly affects the synthesis and distribution of anthocyanins. Here, we summarize the recent progress toward understanding the impact of BR and light on anthocyanin biosynthesis in climacteric and non-climacteric fruits. We review the BR and light signaling pathways and highlight the important transcription factors that are associated with the synthesis of anthocyanins, such as BZR1 (brassinazole-resistant 1, BR signaling pathway), HY5 (elongated hypocotyl 5) and COP1 (constitutively photomorphogenic 1, light signal transduction pathway), which bind with the target genes involved in anthocyanin synthesis. In addition, we review the mechanism by which light signals interact with hormonal signals to regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Yang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yali Zhou
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,College of Biological and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, China
| | - Xuefei Wang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Yangling, China
| |
Collapse
|