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Castro-Pando S, Howell RM, Li L, Mascaro M, Faraoni EY, Le Roux O, Romanin D, Tahan V, Riquelme E, Zhang Y, Kolls JK, Allison JP, Lozano G, Moghaddam SJ, McAllister F. Pancreatic Epithelial IL17/IL17RA Signaling Drives B7-H4 Expression to Promote Tumorigenesis. Cancer Immunol Res 2024; 12:1170-1183. [PMID: 38842383 PMCID: PMC11369627 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
IL17 is required for the initiation and progression of pancreatic cancer, particularly in the context of inflammation, as previously shown by genetic and pharmacological approaches. However, the cellular compartment and downstream molecular mediators of IL17-mediated pancreatic tumorigenesis have not been fully identified. This study examined the cellular compartment required by generating transgenic animals with IL17 receptor A (IL17RA), which was genetically deleted from either the pancreatic epithelial compartment or the hematopoietic compartment via generation of IL17RA-deficient (IL17-RA-/-) bone marrow chimeras, in the context of embryonically activated or inducible Kras. Deletion of IL17RA from the pancreatic epithelial compartment, but not from hematopoietic compartment, resulted in delayed initiation and progression of premalignant lesions and increased infiltration of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells to the tumor microenvironment. Absence of IL17RA in the pancreatic compartment affected transcriptional profiles of epithelial cells, modulating stemness, and immunological pathways. B7-H4, a known inhibitor of T-cell activation encoded by the gene Vtcn1, was the checkpoint molecule most upregulated via IL17 early during pancreatic tumorigenesis, and its genetic deletion delayed the development of pancreatic premalignant lesions and reduced immunosuppression. Thus, our data reveal that pancreatic epithelial IL17RA promotes pancreatic tumorigenesis by reprogramming the immune pancreatic landscape, which is partially orchestrated by regulation of B7-H4. Our findings provide the foundation of the mechanisms triggered by IL17 to mediate pancreatic tumorigenesis and reveal the avenues for early pancreatic cancer immune interception. See related Spotlight by Lee and Pasca di Magliano, p. 1130.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Castro-Pando
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rian M. Howell
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Le Li
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Marilina Mascaro
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Erika Y. Faraoni
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Olivereen Le Roux
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - David Romanin
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Virginia Tahan
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Erick Riquelme
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jay K. Kolls
- Department of Medicine and Pediatrics, Tulane School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana.
| | - James P. Allison
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Guillermina Lozano
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Seyed J. Moghaddam
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Florencia McAllister
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Genetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Santiso A, Heinemann A, Kargl J. Prostaglandin E2 in the Tumor Microenvironment, a Convoluted Affair Mediated by EP Receptors 2 and 4. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:388-413. [PMID: 38697857 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) system in cancer progression has long been recognized. PGE2 functions as an autocrine and paracrine signaling molecule with pleiotropic effects in the human body. High levels of intratumoral PGE2 and overexpression of the key metabolic enzymes of PGE2 have been observed and suggested to contribute to tumor progression. This has been claimed for different types of solid tumors, including, but not limited to, lung, breast, and colon cancer. PGE2 has direct effects on tumor cells and angiogenesis that are known to promote tumor development. However, one of the main mechanisms behind PGE2 driving cancerogenesis is currently thought to be anchored in suppressed antitumor immunity, thus providing possible therapeutic targets to be used in cancer immunotherapies. EP2 and EP4, two receptors for PGE2, are emerging as being the most relevant for this purpose. This review aims to summarize the known roles of PGE2 in the immune system and its functions within the tumor microenvironment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has long been known to be a signaling molecule in cancer. Its presence in tumors has been repeatedly associated with disease progression. Elucidation of its effects on immunological components of the tumor microenvironment has highlighted the potential of PGE2 receptor antagonists in cancer treatment, particularly in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapeutics. Adjuvant treatment could increase the response rates and the efficacy of immune-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Santiso
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Akos Heinemann
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Kargl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Morales-Primo AU, Becker I, Pedraza-Zamora CP, Zamora-Chimal J. Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e14. [PMID: 38725676 PMCID: PMC11076297 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response during cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves immune and non-immune cell cooperation to contain and eliminate Leishmania parasites. The orchestration of these responses is coordinated primarily by CD4+ T cells; however, the disease outcome depends on the Th cell predominant phenotype. Although Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are the most addressed as steers for the resolution or perpetuation of the disease, Th17 cell activities, especially IL-17 release, are recognized to be vital during CL development. Th17 cells perform vital functions during both acute and chronic phases of CL. Overall, Th17 cells induce the migration of phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) to the infection site and CD8+ T cells and NK cell activation. They also provoke granzyme and perforin secretion from CD8+ T cells, macrophage differentiation towards an M2 phenotype, and expansion of B and Treg cells. Likewise, immune cells from the inflammatory infiltrate have modulatory activities over Th17 cells involving their differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells and further expansion by generating a microenvironment rich in optimal cytokines such as IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-21. Th17 cell activities and synergies are crucial for the resistance of the infection during the early and acute stages; however, if unchecked, Th17 cells might lead to a chronic stage. This review discusses the synergies between Th17 cells and the inflammatory infiltrate and how these interactions might destine the course of CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham U. Morales-Primo
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital General de México, Mexico City 06720, México
| | - Ingeborg Becker
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital General de México, Mexico City 06720, México
| | - Claudia Patricia Pedraza-Zamora
- Laboratorio de Biología Periodontal y Tejidos Mineralizados, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, México
| | - Jaime Zamora-Chimal
- Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitología, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Hospital General de México, Mexico City 06720, México
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Babalola KT, Arora M, Ganugula R, Agarwal SK, Mohan C, Kumar MNVR. Leveraging Lymphatic System Targeting in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for Improved Clinical Outcomes. Pharmacol Rev 2024; 76:228-250. [PMID: 38351070 PMCID: PMC10877736 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.123.000938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of advanced drug delivery strategies in drug repositioning and minimizing drug attrition rates, when applied early in drug discovery, is poised to increase the translational impact of various therapeutic strategies in disease prevention and treatment. In this context, drug delivery to the lymphatic system is gaining prominence not only to improve the systemic bioavailability of various pharmaceutical drugs but also to target certain specific diseases associated with the lymphatic system. Although the role of the lymphatic system in lupus is known, very little is done to target drugs to yield improved clinical benefits. In this review, we discuss recent advances in drug delivery strategies to treat lupus, the various routes of drug administration leading to improved lymph node bioavailability, and the available technologies applied in other areas that can be adapted to lupus treatment. Moreover, this review also presents some recent findings that demonstrate the promise of lymphatic targeting in a preclinical setting, offering renewed hope for certain pharmaceutical drugs that are limited by efficacy in their conventional dosage forms. These findings underscore the potential and feasibility of such lymphatic drug-targeting approaches to enhance therapeutic efficacy in lupus and minimize off-target effects of the pharmaceutical drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The World Health Organization estimates that there are currently 5 million humans living with some form of lupus. With limited success in lupus drug discovery, turning to effective delivery strategies with existing drug molecules, as well as those in the early stage of discovery, could lead to better clinical outcomes. After all, effective delivery strategies have been proven to improve treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K T Babalola
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - M Arora
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - R Ganugula
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - S K Agarwal
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - C Mohan
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - M N V Ravi Kumar
- The Center for Convergent Bioscience and Medicine (CCBM) (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Division of Translational Science and Medicine, College of Community Health Sciences (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), Alabama Life Research Institute (K.T.B., M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), and Department of Biological Sciences (M.A., R.G., M.N.V.R.K.), The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama; Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Biology of Inflammation Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas (S.K.A.); Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas (C.M.); Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama (M.N.V.R.K.); and Center for Free Radical Biology (M.N.V.R.K.) and Nephrology Research and Training Center, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine (M.N.V.R.K.), University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Christofyllakis K, Neumann F, Bewarder M, Thurner L, Kaddu-Mulindwa D, Kos IA, Lesan V, Bittenbring JT. Vitamin D Enhances Immune Effector Pathways of NK Cells Thus Providing a Mechanistic Explanation for the Increased Effectiveness of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Nutrients 2023; 15:3498. [PMID: 37630689 PMCID: PMC10457932 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with diffuse large cell lymphoma who have an adequate vitamin D supply derive significantly more benefit from immuno-chemotherapy with rituximab than patients with vitamin D deficiency; this is especially true for female patients. We have already been able to show that vitamin D increases the antibody-dependent cytotoxicity (ADCC) of NK cells in a sex-dependent manner, but it is unclear how vitamin D makes NK cells more efficient. METHODS Healthy individuals with vitamin D deficiency were supplemented with vitamin D to sufficient levels. NK cells were isolated from blood samples before and after vitamin D saturation. For transcriptome analysis, we used the Affymetrix Gene-Chip 2.0™. Gene expression analysis as well as supervised and unsupervised pathway analysis were performed. RESULTS Among others the "NK cell-associated cytotoxicity pathway" increased after vitamin D substitution. Five IFN-α subtypes (2, 4, 6, 7 and 10) and IFN-κ were more highly expressed and are mainly responsible in these pathways. In contrast, the pathway "interferon-gamma response", as well as other sets in cytokine production and chemotaxis showed a reduction. Toll-like receptor genes (TLR-8, TLR-7, TLR-2) were downregulated and, therefore, are responsible for the decline of these pathways. The same could be shown for the "ubiquitin-ligase" pathway. CONCLUSIONS Increased expression of several IFN-α subtypes may explain the increased ADCC of NK cells in vitamin D-replenished and otherwise healthy subjects. Other regulators of interferon production and ADCC are compensatory upregulated in compensation, such as Toll-like receptors and those of the ubiquitin ligase, and normalize after vitamin D substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joerg Thomas Bittenbring
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, Oncology, Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (K.C.); (F.N.); (M.B.); (L.T.); (D.K.-M.); (I.A.K.); (V.L.)
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Lee KL, Lai TC, Lee WJ, Chen YC, Ho KH, Hung WY, Yang YC, Chan MH, Hsieh FK, Chung CL, Chang JH, Chien MH. Sustaining the Activation of EGFR Signal by Inflammatory Cytokine IL17A Prompts Cell Proliferation and EGFR-TKI Resistance in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3288. [PMID: 37444399 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a typical inflammation-associated cancer, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological subtype. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common driver mutations of LUAD, and they have been identified as important therapeutic targets by EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-17A, and IL-17A-producing cells were reported to be elevated in the tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood of NSCLC patients and to be correlated with tumor progression and poor prognoses. However, the pathophysiological role of IL-17A in NSCLC remains unclear, although some studies suggested its involvement in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Herein, we observed that expressions of IL-17A and its receptor, IL-17 receptor C (IL-17RC), were elevated in LUAD tissues and were correlated with poor survival in different lung cancer cohorts. In LUAD cells with mutant EGFR, the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis was shown to enhance phosphorylation of EGFR and Met, thereby promoting proliferation and resistance to EGFR-TKIs such as afatinib. In LUAD cells with wild-type (WT) EGFR, we found that the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis enhanced EGF-induced EGFR activation and cell proliferation through causing impairment of EGF-induced EGFR lysosomal degradation. Collectively, our results indicated diverse impacts of the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis on EGFR activation in LUAD cells with WT and mutant EGFR and suggested that developing therapeutic strategies against IL-17A/IL-17RC would be valuable for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ling Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ching Lai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yueh Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 433402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Koo Hsieh
- The Genome Engineering & Stem Cell Center, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Chi-Li Chung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Sun L, Su Y, Jiao A, Wang X, Zhang B. T cells in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:235. [PMID: 37332039 PMCID: PMC10277291 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 133.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Upon antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic effector and memory cells, mediating direct killing, diverse immune regulatory function, and long-term protection. In response to acute and chronic infections and tumors, T cells adopt distinct differentiation trajectories and develop into a range of heterogeneous populations with various phenotype, differentiation potential, and functionality under precise and elaborate regulations of transcriptional and epigenetic programs. Abnormal T-cell immunity can initiate and promote the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of T cell development, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell classification, and differentiation in physiological settings. We further elaborate the heterogeneity, differentiation, functionality, and regulation network of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in infectious disease, chronic infection and tumor, and autoimmune disease, highlighting the exhausted CD8+ T cell differentiation trajectory, CD4+ T cell helper function, T cell contributions to immunotherapy and autoimmune pathogenesis. We also discuss the development and function of γδ T cells in tissue surveillance, infection, and tumor immunity. Finally, we summarized current T-cell-based immunotherapies in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on their clinical applications. A better understanding of T cell immunity provides insight into developing novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Anjun Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
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Peng X, Zheng T, Guo Y, Zhu Y. Amino acid metabolism genes associated with immunotherapy responses and clinical prognosis of colorectal cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:955705. [PMID: 35992263 PMCID: PMC9388734 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.955705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on amino acid metabolism-related genes (AAMRGs), this study aimed at screening out key prognosis-related genes and finding the underlying correlation between the amino acid metabolism and tumor immune microenvironment of colorectal cancer. A total of 448 amino acid metabolism-related genes were obtained from MsigDB. The risk signature was built based on differential expression genes, univariate Cox, and LASSO analyses with 403 patients’ data downloaded from the TCGA database. Survival analysis and independence tests were performed to confirm the validity of the risk signature. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA), tumor mutation burden (TMB), the score of tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE), the immunophenoscore obtained from The Cancer Immunome Atlas database, and the IC50 of drugs were used to find the relationship among the risk signature, immune status, immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity of colorectal cancer. We identified five amino acid metabolism-related genes for the construction of the risk signature, including ENOPH1, ACAT1, ALDH4A1, FAS, and ASPG. The low-risk group was significantly associated with a better prognosis (p < 0.0001). In the entire set, the area under the curve (AUC) for 1, 3, and 5 years was 0.717, 0.734, and 0.764, respectively. We also discovered that the low-risk subgroup was related to more activity of immune cells, had higher expression of some immune checkpoints, and was more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. ssGSEA revealed that except the processes of glutamine histidine, lysine, tyrosine, and L-phenylalanine metabolism, the other amino acid metabolism pathways were more active in the samples with the low risk scores, whereas the activities of synthesis and transportation of most amino acids were similar. Hedgehog signaling, WNT/β-catenin signaling, mitotic, notch signaling, and TGF-β signaling were the top five pathways positively associated with the risk score. To sum up, AAMRGs were associated with the immune microenvironment of CRC patients and could be applied as biomarkers to predict the prognosis and immunotherapy response of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Peng
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co, Ltd, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Guo
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Zhu, ; Yong Guo,
| | - Ying Zhu
- The First Clinical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Zhu, ; Yong Guo,
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9
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Targeting interleukin-17 enhances tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in colorectal cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188758. [PMID: 35809762 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have gained much attention in managing cancer, only a minority of patients, especially those with tumors that have been classified as immunologically "cold" such as microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers (CRC), experience clinical benefit from ICIs. Surprisingly, interleukin-17 (IL-17) and its primary source Th17 are enriched in CRC and inversely associated with patient outcome. Our previous study revealed that IL-17A could upregulate programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and impede the efficacy of immunotherapy. IL-17, therefore, can be a possible target to sensitize tumor cells to ICIs. The detailed clinical results from our trial, which is the first to show the benefits of the combination of anti-PD-1 with anti-IL-17 therapy for MSS CRC, have also been presented. In this review, we highlight the role of IL-17 in ICIs resistance and summarize the current clinical evidence for the use of combination therapy. Directions for future strategies to warm up immunologically "cold" MSS CRCs have also been proposed.
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10
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Imam S, Paparodis RD, Rafiqi SI, Ali S, Niaz A, Kanzy A, Tovar YE, Madkhali MA, Elsherif A, Khogeer F, Zahid ZA, Sarwar H, Karim T, Salim N, Jaume JC. Thyroid Cancer Screening Using Tumor-Associated DN T Cells as Immunogenomic Markers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:891002. [PMID: 35692772 PMCID: PMC9186057 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.891002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThyroid nodules are an extremely common entity, and surgery is considered the ultimate diagnostic strategy in those with unclear malignant potential. Unfortunately, strategies aiming to predict the risk of malignancy have inadequate specificity. Our group recently found that the microenvironment of thyroid cancer is characterized by an enhanced immune invasion and activated immune response mediated by double-negative T lymphocytes (DN T) (CD3+CD4-CD8-), which are believed to enable or promote tumorigenesis. In the present work, we try to use the DN T cells’ proportion in thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) material as a predictor of the risk of malignancy.MethodsWe recruited 127 patients and obtained ultrasound-guided FNA samples from subjects with cytology-positive or suspicious for malignancy and from those with benign nodular goiter associated with compressive symptoms (such as dysphagia, shortness of breath, or hoarseness), Hashimoto thyroiditis, and Graves’ disease. Out of 127, we investigated 46 FNA samples of patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and for which postoperative histological diagnosis by the academic pathologists was available. We specifically measured the number of cells expressing CD3+CD4-CD8- (DN T) as a function of total CD3+ cells in FNA samples using flow cytometry. We correlated their FNA DN T-cell proportions with the pathological findings.ResultsThe DN T cells were significantly more abundant in lymphocytic infiltrates of thyroid cancer cases compared to benign nodule controls (p < 0.0001). When the DN T-cell population exceeded a threshold of 9.14%, of total CD3+ cells, the negative likelihood ratio of being cancer-free was 0.034 (96.6% sensitivity, 95% CI, 0.915–1.000, p < 0.0001). DN T cells at <9.14% were not found in any subject with benign disease (specificity 100%). The high specificity of the test is promising, since it abolishes a false-positive diagnosis and in turn unnecessary surgical procedures.ConclusionThe present study proposes DN T cells’ proportion as a preoperative diagnostic signature for thyroid cancer that with integration of RNA transcriptomics can provide a simplified technology based on the PCR assay for the ease of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnawaz Imam
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Shahnawaz Imam, ; Juan C. Jaume,
| | - Rodis D. Paparodis
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Private Practitioner, Patras, Greece
| | - Shafiya Imtiaz Rafiqi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Sophia Ali
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Azra Niaz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Abed Kanzy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Yara E. Tovar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Mohammed A. Madkhali
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Ahmed Elsherif
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Feras Khogeer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Zeeshan A. Zahid
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Haider Sarwar
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Windsor University School of Medicine, Cayon St. Kitts West Indies, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Tamanna Karim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Nancy Salim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Juan C. Jaume
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research (CeDER), University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Shahnawaz Imam, ; Juan C. Jaume,
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11
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Harnessing Antitumor CD4 + T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14010260. [PMID: 35008422 PMCID: PMC8750687 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diverse evidence revealed that CD4+ T cells play an important role in antitumor immunity by promoting or suppressing cytotoxic T cell responses. This review outlines the role of CD4+ T subsets within the tumor microenvironment and summarizes the latest progress regarding their potentials in cancer immunotherapy and methods for improving outcomes in cancer strategies by modulating CD4+ T responses. Abstract Over the past decades, CD4+ T cells have been considered as a supporting actor in the fields of cancer immunotherapy. Until recently, accumulating evidence has demonstrated the critical role of CD4+ T cells during antitumor immunity. CD4+ T cells can either suppress or promote the antitumor cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses, either in secondary lymphoid organs or in the tumor. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted role of different CD4+ T cell subsets in cancer immune response and their contribution during cancer therapies. Specifically, we focus on the latest progress regarding the impact of CD4+ T cell modulation on immunotherapies and other cancer therapies and discuss the prospect for harnessing CD4+ T cells to control tumor progression and prevent recurrence in patients.
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12
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Multifaceted Roles of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Tumor Immunity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13236132. [PMID: 34885241 PMCID: PMC8656932 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Various immune cells are involved in host immune responses to cancer. T-helper (Th) 1 cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, and natural killer cells are the major effector cells in anti-tumor immunity, whereas cells such as regulatory T cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are negatively involved in anti-tumor immunity. Th2 cells and Th17 cells have been shown to have both pro-tumor and anti-tumor activities. The migratory properties of various immune cells are essential for their function and critically regulated by the chemokine superfamily. In this review, we summarize the roles of various immune cells in tumor immunity and their migratory regulation by the chemokine superfamily. We also assess the therapeutic possibilities of targeting chemokines and chemokine receptors in cancer immunotherapy. Abstract Various immune cells are involved in host tumor immune responses. In particular, there are many T cell subsets with different roles in tumor immunity. T-helper (Th) 1 cells are involved in cellular immunity and thus play the major role in host anti-tumor immunity by inducing and activating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). On the other hand, Th2 cells are involved in humoral immunity and suppressive to Th1 responses. Regulatory T (Treg) cells negatively regulate immune responses and contribute to immune evasion of tumor cells. Th17 cells are involved in inflammatory responses and may play a role in tumor progression. However, recent studies have also shown that Th17 cells are capable of directly inducting CTLs and thus may promote anti-tumor immunity. Besides these T cell subsets, there are many other innate immune cells such as dendritic cells (DCs), natural killer (NK) cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that are involved in host immune responses to cancer. The migratory properties of various immune cells are critical for their functions and largely regulated by the chemokine superfamily. Thus, chemokines and chemokine receptors play vital roles in the orchestration of host immune responses to cancer. In this review, we overview the various immune cells involved in host responses to cancer and their migratory properties regulated by the chemokine superfamily. Understanding the roles of chemokines and chemokine receptors in host immune responses to cancer may provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer immunotherapy.
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13
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Bonacini M, Cimino L, De Simone L, Bolletta E, Gozzi F, Soriano A, Muratore F, Zerbini A, Fontana L, Salvarani C, Croci S. Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada patients show higher frequencies of circulating NKG2D pos NK and NK T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 204:41-48. [PMID: 33314028 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation in tissues that contain melanocytes. We aimed to increase the knowledge regarding immunological pathways deregulated in VKH disease. We compared the percentages of circulating natural killer (NK), NK T and T cells expressing the activatory markers: CD16, CD69, NK group 2D (NKG2D), natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 3 (Nkp30), natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1 (Nkp46) and the inhibitory marker: NK group 2 member A (NKG2A) in 10 active VKH patients, 20 control subjects (CTR) and seven patients with Behçet disease (BD) by flow cytometry. Cytotoxic potential of NK cells was determined through the degranulation marker CD107a expression after contact with K562 cells by flow cytometry. Moreover, plasmatic levels of 27 cytokines were determined with a multiplex bead-based assay. VKH patients showed higher percentages of NKG2Dpos NK and NK T cells versus CTR. The cytotoxic potential of NK cells induced by K562 cells was comparable between VKH patients and CTR. Finally, higher concentrations of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-17 and platelet-derived growth factor-subunits B (PDGF-bb) were detected in plasma of VKH patients versus CTR. The immune profile of VKH patients was similar to that of BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bonacini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - L Cimino
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - L De Simone
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - E Bolletta
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - F Gozzi
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - A Soriano
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - F Muratore
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - A Zerbini
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - L Fontana
- Ophtalmology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - C Salvarani
- Rheumatology Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.,University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - S Croci
- Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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14
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Chong WP, Mattapallil MJ, Raychaudhuri K, Bing SJ, Wu S, Zhong Y, Wang W, Chen Z, Silver PB, Jittayasothorn Y, Chan CC, Chen J, Horai R, Caspi RR. The Cytokine IL-17A Limits Th17 Pathogenicity via a Negative Feedback Loop Driven by Autocrine Induction of IL-24. Immunity 2020; 53:384-397.e5. [PMID: 32673565 PMCID: PMC7362799 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated Th17 cell responses underlie multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune uveitis and its animal model, EAU. However, clinical trials targeting IL-17A in uveitis were not successful. Here, we report that Th17 cells were regulated by their own signature cytokine, IL-17A. Loss of IL-17A in autopathogenic Th17 cells did not reduce their pathogenicity and instead elevated their expression of the Th17 cytokines GM-CSF and IL-17F. Mechanistic in vitro studies revealed a Th17 cell-intrinsic autocrine loop triggered by binding of IL-17A to its receptor, leading to activation of the transcription factor NF-κB and induction of IL-24, which repressed the Th17 cytokine program. In vivo, IL-24 treatment ameliorated Th17-induced EAU, whereas silencing of IL-24 in Th17 cells enhanced disease. This regulatory pathway also operated in human Th17 cells. Thus, IL-17A limits pathogenicity of Th17 cells by inducing IL-24. These findings may explain the disappointing therapeutic effect of targeting IL-17A in uveitis. IL-17A deficiency does not reduce the pathogenicity of Th17 cells in uveitis IL-17A binds to its own receptor on Th17 cells, activating NF-κB NF-κB induces IL-24 production, repressing the Th17 cytokine program through SOCS1/3 Silencing or depleting IL-24 in Th17 cells exacerbates neuroinflammation
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Po Chong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China; Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Mary J Mattapallil
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Kumarkrishna Raychaudhuri
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - So Jin Bing
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Sihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yajie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - WeiWei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zilin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Phyllis B Silver
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Yingyos Jittayasothorn
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Chi-Chao Chan
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Reiko Horai
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA
| | - Rachel R Caspi
- Laboratory of Immunology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1857, USA.
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15
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Vitiello GA, Miller G. Targeting the interleukin-17 immune axis for cancer immunotherapy. J Exp Med 2020; 217:jem.20190456. [PMID: 31727783 PMCID: PMC7037254 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20190456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
IL-17 plays versatile roles during tumorigenesis. Here, Vitiello and Miller summarize current knowledge in harnessing IL-17–producing γδ and Th17 cells for successful cancer immunotherapy. The role of IL-17 in cancer remains controversial. Emerging evidence suggests that during early oncogenesis IL-17 supports tumor growth, whereas in established tumors IL-17 production by γδ and Th17 cells potentiates antitumor immunity. Consequently, γδ and Th17 cells are attractive targets for immunotherapy in the IL-17 immune axis. To optimize IL-17–based immunotherapy, a deeper understanding of the cytokines dictating IL-17 production and the polarity of γδ and Th17 cells is critical. Here, we delve into the dichotomous roles of IL-17 in cancer and provide insight into the tumor microenvironment conducive for successful IL-17–based γδ and Th17 cell immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo A Vitiello
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - George Miller
- S. Arthur Localio Laboratory, Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
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16
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Travis OK, White D, Baik C, Giachelli C, Thompson W, Stubbs C, Greer M, Lemon JP, Williams JM, Cornelius DC. Interleukin-17 signaling mediates cytolytic natural killer cell activation in response to placental ischemia. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2020; 318:R1036-R1046. [PMID: 32320265 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00285.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
T-helper (TH)17s, IL-17, and cytolytic natural killer cells (cNKs) are increased in preeclampsia and contribute to the hypertension, inflammation, and fetal growth restriction that occurs in response to placental ischemia in the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rat model of preeclampsia. As IL-17 stimulates NK cytotoxicity in vitro, we tested the hypothesis that IL-17 inhibition in RUPP rats would decrease cNK activation as a mechanism to improve maternal and fetal outcomes. On gestation day (GD) 14, rats undergoing RUPP received a miniosmotic pump infusing IL-17RC (100 pg/day), a soluble IL-17 receptor (RUPP + IL-17RC). On GD19, mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in normal pregnant (NP), RUPP, and RUPP + IL-17RC rats (n = 10-12/group), animals were euthanized, and blood and tissues were collected for analysis. MAP was 30% higher in RUPP compared with NP (P < 0.0001) and was 12% lower in RUPP + IL-17RC (P = 0.0007 vs. RUPP). Placental cytolytic NK cells were 132% higher in RUPP than in NP (P = 0.04 vs. NP) and were normalized in RUPP + IL-17RC (P = 0.03 vs. RUPP). Placental levels of TNF-α, a cNK-secreted cytokine, and macrophage inflammatory protein-3α (MIP-3α), a cNK chemokine, were higher in RUPP vs. NP and lower after IL-17 blockade. Placental VEGF was lower in RUPP vs. NP and was normalized in RUPP + IL-17RC. In vitro cytolytic activity of RUPP placental NKs was higher compared with NP and was blunted in RUPP + IL-17RC NKs. Finally, both fetal weight and placental weight were lower in RUPP compared with NP, and were improved in RUPP + IL-17RC. These data identify IL-17 as a mediator of cNK activation in response to placental ischemia during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Travis
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Dakota White
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Cedar Baik
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Chelsea Giachelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Willie Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Cassandra Stubbs
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Mallory Greer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - James P Lemon
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jan Michael Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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17
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Cornelius DC, Cottrell J, Amaral LM, LaMarca B. Inflammatory mediators: a causal link to hypertension during preeclampsia. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:1914-1921. [PMID: 30095157 PMCID: PMC6534812 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder that occurs after 20 weeks of gestation, implicating the placenta as a key offender. PE is associated with an imbalance among B lymphocytes, CD4+ T lymphocytes, NK cells and increased inflammatory cytokines. During early onset PE, trophoblast invasion and placentation are impaired, leading to reduced blood flow to the fetus. In all spectrums of this disorder, a shift towards a pro-inflammatory state where regulatory cells and cytokines are decreased occurs. Specifically, inflammatory CD4+ T-cells and inflammatory cytokines are increased while CD4+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) and immunosuppressive cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10 are decreased resulting in B cell activation, production of autoantibodies, endothelial dysfunction and hypertension associated with PE. However, the stimulus for these imbalances is unknown and need to be fully understood so that effective treatments that target the pathogenesis of the disease can be designed. Therefore, this review will focus on the pathways involving CD4+ , TH1, TH2, Tregs, TH17s, B cells, and NK cells in the pathophysiology of PE. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Immune Targets in Hypertension. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise C Cornelius
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Jesse Cottrell
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Lorena M Amaral
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
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Travis OK, White D, Pierce WA, Ge Y, Stubbs CY, Spradley FT, Williams JM, Cornelius DC. Chronic infusion of interleukin-17 promotes hypertension, activation of cytolytic natural killer cells, and vascular dysfunction in pregnant rats. Physiol Rep 2019; 7:e14038. [PMID: 30963715 PMCID: PMC6453821 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies by our lab have established that placental-ischemia stimulated T-helper 17 cells (TH 17s) cause increased cytolytic natural killer (cNK) cell proliferation and activation during pregnancy; however, the exact mechanism is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of interlukin 17 (IL-17) in inducing cNK cell activation in pregnancy. We infused 150 pg/day of recombinant IL-17 into a subset of normal pregnant (NP) Sprague Dawley rats from gestation day (GD) 12-19 (NP+IL-17). On GD 19, mean arterial pressure (MAP), fetal and placental weights, cytokines, cNK cell activation, cytotoxic enzymes, and vascular reactivity were assessed. MAP significantly increased from 99 ± 3 mmHg in NP to 120 ± 1 mmHg in NP+IL-17 (P < 0.05). Fetal weight significantly decreased from 2.52 ± 0.04 g in NP to 2.32 ± 0.03 g in NP+IL-17 as did placental weight (NP: 0.65 ± 0.03 g; NP+IL-17: 0.54 ± 0.01 g, P < 0.05). Plasma levels of TNF-α increased to 281.4 ± 55.07 pg/mL in NP+IL-17 from 145.3 ± 16.03 pg/mL in NP (P < 0.05) while placental levels of VEGF decreased from 74.2 ± 6.48 pg/mg in NP to 54.2 ± 3.19 pg/mg in NP+IL-17. Total NK cells were increased in the placenta (NP: 14.3 ± 3.49%; NP+IL-17: 29.33 ± 2.76%, P < 0.05) as were cytolytic NK cells (NP: 3.31 ± 1.25%; NP+IL-17: 13.41 ± 1.81%, P < 0.05). A similar trend was observed in circulating NK cells. Plasma granzyme K increased from 3.55 ± 2.29 pg/mL in NP to 20.9 ± 7.76 pg/mL in NP+IL-17 (P < 0.05), and plasma granzyme B increased from 10.95 ± 0.64 pg/mL in NP to 14.9 ± 0.98 pg/mL in NP+IL-17(P < 0.05). In the placenta, both granzyme A (NP: 246.1 ± 16.7 pg/mg; NP+IL-17: 324.3 ± 15.07 pg/mg, P < 0.05) and granzyme B (NP: 15.18 ± 3.79 pg/mg; NP+IL-17: 27.25 ± 2.34 pg/mg, P < 0.05) increased in response to IL-17 infusion. Finally, vascular reactivity of uterine arteries was significantly impaired in response to IL-17 infusion. The results of this study suggest that IL-17 plays a significant role in the activation of cNK cells during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K. Travis
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and PharmacologyogyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Dakota White
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - W. Austin Pierce
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Cassandra Y. Stubbs
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and PharmacologyogyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Frank T. Spradley
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Jan M. Williams
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and PharmacologyogyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
| | - Denise C. Cornelius
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics and PharmacologyogyUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
- Department of Emergency MedicineUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippi
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Shields CA, McCalmon M, Ibrahim T, White DL, Williams JM, LaMarca B, Cornelius DC. Placental ischemia-stimulated T-helper 17 cells induce preeclampsia-associated cytolytic natural killer cells during pregnancy. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R336-R343. [PMID: 29718698 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00061.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that T-helper 17 (TH17) cells and cytolytic natural killer (cNK) cells are increased in women with preeclampsia. In this study we investigated the role of placental ischemia-stimulated TH17 cells in induction of cNK cells in pregnancy. We further assessed the role of TH17 cell-mediated oxidative stress in facilitation of cNK cell activation in pregnancy by treating rats with the SOD mimetic tempol. CD4+/CD25- cells were isolated from reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) rats and differentiated into TH17 cells in vitro. On day 12 of gestation ( GD12), 1 × 106 placental ischemia-stimulated TH17 cells were injected into normal pregnant (NP) rats (NP + RUPP TH17 rats), and a subset of rats were treated with tempol (30 mg·kg-1·day-1) from GD12 to GD19 (NP + RUPP TH17 + tempol rats). On GD19, cNK cells, mean arterial pressure, fetal weight, and cNK cell-associated cytokines and proteins were measured. Placental cNK cells were 2.9 ± 1, 14.9 ± 4, and 2.8 ± 1.0% gated in NP, NP + RUPP TH17, and NP + RUPP TH17 + tempol rats, respectively. Mean arterial pressure increased from 96 ± 5 mmHg in NP rats to 118 ± 2 mmHg in NP + RUPP TH17 rats and was 102 ± 3 mmHg in NP + RUPP TH17 + tempol rats. Fetal weight was 2.37 ± 0.04, 1.95 ± 0.14, and 2.3 ± 0.05 g in NP, NP + RUPP TH17, and NP + RUPP TH17 + tempol rats, respectively. Placental IFNγ increased from 1.1 ± 0.6 pg/mg in NP rats to 3.9 ± 0.6 pg/mg in NP + RUPP TH17 rats. Placental perforin increased from 0.18 ± 0.18 pg/mg in NP rats to 2.4 ± 0.6 pg/mg in NP + RUPP TH17 rats. Placental levels of granzymes A and B followed a similar pattern. Treatment with tempol did not lower placental cNK cytokines or proteins. The results of the present study identify TH17 cells as a mediator of aberrant NK cell activation that is associated with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corbin A Shields
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Maggie McCalmon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Dakota L White
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jan M Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
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Natural killer cells mediate pathophysiology in response to reduced uterine perfusion pressure. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:2753-2762. [PMID: 29042488 DOI: 10.1042/cs20171118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is associated with hypertension, small-for-gestational-age babies, and increased cytolytic natural killer (NK) cells. The specific role of cytolytic NK cells in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia has not been clearly defined. We hypothesized that Reduced Uterine Perfusion Pressure (RUPP) stimulates proliferation and cytolytic activation of NK cells, and that reducing NK cells in RUPP would prevent hypertension, intrauterine growth restriction, and inflammation in response to placental ischemia. RUPP was induced on gestation day (GD) 14 in pregnant rats. NK cells were depleted by i.p. administration of anti-asialo GM1 antibody on GDs 15 and 17. Placental and circulating NK cells were quantified via flow cytometry, mean arterial pressure (MAP), fetal weights, and cytokines were measured on GD 19. Total placental NK cells were 7.4 ± 2% of gated cells in normal pregnant (NP; n=10) and 16.5 ± 3% of gated cells in RUPP (n=10) rats. Furthermore, cytolytic placental NK cells also increased in RUPP. Depletion of NK cells in RUPP (RUPP + anti-ASGM1) significantly improved MAP and fetal weights. MAP was 108 ± 2 mmHg in NP, 125 ± 2 mmHg in RUPP, and 112 ± 2 mmHg in RUPP + anti-ASGM1 (n=12). Fetal weight was 2.32 ± 0.05 in NP, 1.8 ± 0.04g in RUPP, and increased to 2.0 ± 0.04g in RUPP + anti-ASGM1. Placental interferon-γ (IFN-γ) was 40.4 ± 5.2 pg/mg in NP, 72.17 ± 3.2 pg/mg in RUPP, and 44.0 ± 6.5 pg/mg in RUPP + anti-ASGM1 (P<0.05). Placental tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was 17.9 ± 1.7 pg/mg in NP, 23.9 ± 2.2 pg/mg in RUPP, and 12.9 ± 2.3 pg/mg in RUPP + anti-ASGM1 (P<0.05). Depletion of NK cells significantly lowered MAP, intrauterine growth restriction, and inflammation in RUPP rats indicating that cytolytic NK cells are important in preeclampsia pathophysiology.
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Interleukin-17A Promotes CD8+ T Cell Cytotoxicity To Facilitate West Nile Virus Clearance. J Virol 2016; 91:JVI.01529-16. [PMID: 27795421 PMCID: PMC5165211 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01529-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells are crucial components of immunity and play a vital role in recovery from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Here, we identify a previously unrecognized function of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in inducing cytotoxic-mediator gene expression and promoting CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity against WNV infection in mice. We find that IL-17A-deficient (Il17a-/-) mice are more susceptible to WNV infection and develop a higher viral burden than wild-type (WT) mice. Interestingly, the CD8+ T cells isolated from Il17a-/- mice are less cytotoxic and express lower levels of cytotoxic-mediator genes, which can be restored by supplying recombinant IL-17A in vitro and in vivo Importantly, treatment of WNV-infected mice with recombinant IL-17A, as late as day 6 postinfection, significantly reduces the viral burden and increases survival, suggesting a therapeutic potential for IL-17A. In conclusion, we report a novel function of IL-17A in promoting CD8+ T cell cytotoxicity, which may have broad implications in other microbial infections and cancers. IMPORTANCE Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and CD8+ T cells regulate diverse immune functions in microbial infections, malignancies, and autoimmune diseases. IL-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine produced by diverse cell types, while CD8+ T cells (known as cytotoxic T cells) are major cells that provide immunity against intracellular pathogens. Previous studies have demonstrated a crucial role of CD8+ T cells in recovery from West Nile virus (WNV) infection. However, the role of IL-17A during WNV infection remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that IL-17A protects mice from lethal WNV infection by promoting CD8+ T cell-mediated clearance of WNV. In addition, treatment of WNV-infected mice with recombinant IL-17A reduces the viral burden and increases survival of mice, suggesting a potential therapeutic. This novel IL-17A-CD8+ T cell axis may also have broad implications for immunity to other microbial infections and cancers, where CD8+ T cell functions are crucial.
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Amaral LM, Cunningham MW, Cornelius DC, LaMarca B. Preeclampsia: long-term consequences for vascular health. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2015. [PMID: 26203257 PMCID: PMC4508084 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s64798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-specific syndrome and one of the leading causes of preterm birth, neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. This disease is characterized by new onset hypertension usually in the third trimester of pregnancy and is sometimes associated with proteinuria, although proteinuria is not a requirement for the diagnosis of PE. In developing countries, women have a higher risk of death due to PE than more affluent countries and one of the most frequent causes of death is high blood pressure and stroke. Although PE only affects approximately 2%-8% of pregnancies worldwide it is associated with severe complications such as eclampsia, hemorrhagic stroke, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP syndrome), renal failure and pulmonary edema. Importantly, there is no "cure" for the disease except for early delivery of the baby and placenta, leaving PE a health care risk for babies born from PE moms. In addition, PE is linked to the development of cardiovascular disease and stroke in women after reproductive age, leaving PE a risk factor for long-term health in women. This review will highlight factors implicated in the pathophysiology of PE that may contribute to long-term effects in women with preeclamptic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena M Amaral
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Mark W Cunningham
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Babbette LaMarca
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
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Wong N, Nguyen T, Brenu EW, Broadley S, Staines D, Marshall-Gradisnik S. A Comparison of Cytokine Profiles of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/ijcm.2015.610103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kim DJ, Lee SK, Kim JY, Na BJ, Hur SE, Lee M, Kwak-Kim J. Intravenous immunoglobulin G modulates peripheral blood Th17 and Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells in pregnant women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 71:441-50. [PMID: 24645850 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Th17 cells and Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells have been proposed as new risk factors for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) was reported to modulate various immune cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of IVIG on the levels of Th17 and Treg cells and pregnancy outcome in women with RPL. METHOD OF STUDY Thirty-seven pregnant women with RPL were enrolled in this study. All had cellular immune abnormality in preconceptional evaluation. Blood was drawn on the day of IVIG treatment and 1 week later from the study subjects during early pregnancy. The proportions of IL-17(+) and Foxp3(+) T cells were analyzed using flow cytometry. RESULTS Study population was divided into four groups (Q1-Q4) based on ascending order of the levels of Th17 and Foxp3(+) T cells. IVIG down-regulated Th17 cells in the highest quartile, Q4 (P = 0.001), and up-regulated CD4(+) Foxp3(+) T cells in Q1 and Q2 (P = 0.025 and 0.029, respectively). In addition, Th17/CD4(+) Foxp3(+) T cell ratio decreased in Q4 (P = 0.040). We also found a positive trend between successful pregnancy outcome and CD8(+) IL-17(+) T cells before IVIG treatment (P = 0.05). CONCLUSION Intravenous immunoglobulin G treatment modulated imbalance of Th17 and Foxp3(+) Treg cells in pregnant RPL women with cellular immune abnormality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jae Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Seo-gu, Daejeon, Korea
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Deniz G, van de Veen W, Akdis M. Natural killer cells in patients with allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 132:527-535. [PMID: 23993354 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells not only exert cytotoxic activity against tumor cells or infected cells but also act to regulate the function of other immune cells through secretion of cytokines and chemokines or cell contact-dependent mechanisms. NK cells are able to polarize in vitro into 2 functional distinct subsets, NK1 or NK2 cells, which are analogous to the T-cell subsets TH1 or TH2. In addition, a regulatory NK cell subset has been described that secretes IL-10, shows antigen-specific T-cell suppression, and suppresses IgE production. Although it has been demonstrated that NK cells play important roles in autoimmunity, cancer, transplantation, and pregnancy, the role of NK cells in allergy has not been extensively discussed. This review aims to discuss our understanding of NK cells and NK cell subsets in allergic inflammation and IgE regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Günnur Deniz
- Institute of Experimental Medicine (DETAE), Department of Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Willem van de Veen
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Mübeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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Song X, Qian Y. IL-17 family cytokines mediated signaling in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2335-47. [PMID: 23917206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is the immediate protective response of the body to pathogen invasions, allergen challenges, chemical exposures or physical injuries. Acute inflammation usually accompanies with transient infiltration of leukocytes, removal of danger signals and eventually tissue repair, while persistent and uncontrolled inflammation becomes a major stimulator in the progression of many chronic diseases in human, including autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders and cancer. Interleukin (IL)-17 family is a recent classified subset of cytokines, playing critical roles in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses. In this review, we will summarize recent progresses on the signalings of this family cytokines and their impacts on the inflammatory responses or disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Song
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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