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Pekdemir B, Karav S. Exploring the diverse biological significance and roles of fucosylated oligosaccharides. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1403727. [PMID: 38863964 PMCID: PMC11165149 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1403727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Long since, carbohydrates were thought to be used just as an energy source and structural material. However, in recent years, with the emergence of the field of glycobiology and advances in glycomics, much has been learned about the biological role of oligosaccharides, a carbohydrate polymer containing a small number of monosaccharides, in cell-cell interaction, signal transduction, immune response, pathogen adhesion processes, early embryogenesis, and apoptosis. The function of oligosaccharides in these processes is diversified by fucosylation, also known as modification of oligosaccharides. Fucosylation has allowed the identification of more than 100 different oligosaccharide structures that provide functional diversity. ABO blood group and Lewis antigens are among the best known fucosyl-linked oligosaccharides. In addition, the antigens in the ABO system are composed of various sugar molecules, including fucosylated oligosaccharides, and Lewis antigens are structurally similar to ABO antigens but differ in the linkage of sugars. Variation in blood group antigen expression affects the host's susceptibility to many infections. However, altered expression of ABO and Lewis antigens is related with prognosis in carcinoma types. In addition, many pathogens recognize and bind to human tissues using a protein receptor with high affinity for the fucose molecule in glycoconjugates, such as lectin. Fucosylated oligosaccharides also play vital roles during fertilization and early embryogenesis. Learning and memory-related processes such as neurite growth, neurite migration, and synapse formation seen during the development of the brain, which is among the first organs to develop in embryogenesis, are regulated by fucosylated oligosaccharides. In conclusion, this review mentions the vital roles of fucosylated oligosaccharides in biology, drawing attention to their importance in the development of chemical tools to be used in function analysis and the investigation of various therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Türkiye
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2
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Filipsky F, Läubli H. Regulation of sialic acid metabolism in cancer. Carbohydr Res 2024; 539:109123. [PMID: 38669826 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Sialic acid, the terminal structure of cell surface glycans, has essential functions in regulating immune response, cell-to-cell communication, and cell adhesion. More importantly, an increased level of sialic acid, termed hypersialylation, has emerged as a commonly observed phenotype in cancer. Therefore, targeting sialic acid ligands (sialoglycans) and their receptors (Siglecs) may provide a new therapeutic approach for cancer immunotherapy. We highlight the complexity of the sialic acid metabolism and its involvement in malignant transformation within individual cancer subtypes. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of sialylation, the intricate nature of sialic acid synthesis, and clinical perspective. We aim to provide a brief insight into the mechanism of hypersialylation and how our understanding of these processes can be leveraged for the development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Filipsky
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Basel, Switzerland; Division of Oncology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.
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3
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Lin L, Chen X, Lin G, Chen L, Xu Y, Zeng Y. FUT3 facilitates glucose metabolism of lung adenocarcinoma via activation of NF-κB pathway. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:436. [PMID: 37946130 PMCID: PMC10636925 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02688-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) molecules have been identified to be involved in carcinogenesis of malignant tumors. Nevertheless, the biological function of fucosyltransferases-3 (FUT3) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) malignant phenotype remains unclear. Herein, we investigated the association between FUT3 and LUAD pathological process. METHODS Immunochemistry, RT-qPCR and western blot assays were conducted to evaluate the expression of FUT3 in LUAD and corresponding adjacent tissues. The prognostic value of FUT3 was assessed via Kaplan‑Meier plotter database. The biological process and potential mechanism of FUT3 in LUAD were conducted via GSEA. Additionally, immunofluorescence and metabolite activity detection were performed to determine the potential role of FUT3 in LUAD glucose metabolism. The active biomarkers associated with NF-κB signaling pathway were detected via western blot. Subcutaneous tumor model was conducted to analyze the effect of FUT3 on tumorigenesis of LUAD. RESULTS FUT3 was remarkably upregulated in LUAD tissues compared with adjacent tissues from individuals. FUT3 overexpression may predict poor prognosis of LUAD patients. Knockdown of FUT3 significantly inhibited tumor proliferation, migration and glucometabolic alteration in LUAD cells. Moreover, GSEA demonstrated that elevated FUT3 was positively related to NF-κB signaling pathway. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo assays also indicated that downregulation of FUT3 resulted in the suppression of oncogenesis and glucose metabolism via inactivation of NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that FUT3 was involved in glucometabolic process and tumorigenesis of LUAD via NF-κB signaling pathway. FUT3 may be an optimal target for diagnosis and treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Guofu Lin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Luyang Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Clinical Research Center, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350000, China.
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center of Interventional Respirology, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Lung Stem Cells, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, 362000, China.
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4
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Sanes JT, Costello CE, Steere AC. Heightened Proinflammatory Glycosylation of Borrelia burgdorferi IgG Antibodies in Synovial Fluid in Patients With Antibiotic-Refractory Lyme Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:1263-1274. [PMID: 36716113 PMCID: PMC10313735 DOI: 10.1002/art.42465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Terminal glycans on the Fc portion of IgG antibodies are critical for antibody-triggered, proinflammatory or antiinflammatory responses. We undertook this study to compare glycan profiles of total IgG1 and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb)-specific IgG1 antibodies in patients with oral antibiotic-responsive or antibiotic-refractory Lyme arthritis (LA). METHODS Following affinity-column processing, glycan profiles of IgG antibodies were determined in serum and synovial fluid (SF) samples of 21 LA patients using glycoblotting with hydrazide glycan enrichment and determination of glycan structure by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Correlations between glycan profiles and treatment outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with patients with antibiotic-refractory LA, those with antibiotic-responsive LA had total and Bb-specific IgG1 antibody glycans with less intense inflammatory profiles, containing lower percentages of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and bisecting GlcNAc and higher percentages of galactose and fucose. In contrast, patients with antibiotic-refractory LA prior to receiving IV antibiotic therapy had total IgG1 and Bb IgG1 antibodies with maximal, minimally opposed, proinflammatory glycan profiles, containing high percentages of GlcNAc and bisecting GlcNAc, intermediate percentages with galactose and fucose, and low percentages with N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid). Patients with refractory LA who were first seen with synovitis after receiving IV antibiotic therapy still had Bb IgG1 antibodies with strongly inflammatory glycan profiles, but their inflammatory potential appeared to be waning. CONCLUSION Patients with oral antibiotic-responsive LA had Bb IgG1 antibodies with more balanced proinflammatory/antiinflammatory glycan profiles, whereas patients with antibiotic-refractory LA had Bb IgG1 antibodies with maximal, minimally opposed, proinflammatory glycan profiles. Among patients with antibiotic-refractory LA, antibodies with this unbalanced inflammatory glycan profile may have a role in sustaining maladaptive joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jurgen T Sanes
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Department of Biochemistry, Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Allen C Steere
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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5
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Ganguly K, Shah A, Atri P, Rauth S, Ponnusamy MP, Kumar S, Batra SK. Chemokine-mucinome interplay in shaping the heterogeneous tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:511-520. [PMID: 35346803 PMCID: PMC9793394 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is exemplified by a complex immune-suppressive, fibrotic tumor microenvironment (TME), and aberrant expression of mucins. The constant crosstalk between cancer cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and the immune cells mediated by the soluble factors and inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote the dynamic temporal switch towards an immune-escape phenotype in the neoplastic cells and its microenvironment that bolsters disease progression. Chemokines have been studied in PC pathogenesis, albeit poorly in the context of mucins, tumor glycocalyx, and TME heterogeneity (CAFs and immune cells). With correlative analysis from PC patients' transcriptome data, support from available literature, and scientific arguments-based speculative extrapolations in terms of disease pathogenesis, we have summarized in this review a comprehensive understanding of chemokine-mucinome interplay during stromal modulation and immune-suppression in PC. Future studies should focus on deciphering the complexities of chemokine-mediated control of glycocalyx maturation, immune infiltration, and CAF-associated immune suppression. Knowledge extracted from such studies will be beneficial to mechanistically correlate the mucin-chemokine abundance in serum versus pancreatic tumors of patients, which may aid in prognostication and stratification of PC patients for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koelina Ganguly
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ashu Shah
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pranita Atri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sanchita Rauth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Moorthy P Ponnusamy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
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6
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Marciel MP, Haldar B, Hwang J, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Role of tumor cell sialylation in pancreatic cancer progression. Adv Cancer Res 2022; 157:123-155. [PMID: 36725107 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest malignancies and is currently the third leading cause of cancer death. The aggressiveness of PDAC stems from late diagnosis, early metastasis, and poor efficacy of current chemotherapies. Thus, there is an urgent need for effective biomarkers for early detection of PDAC and development of new therapeutic strategies. It has long been known that cellular glycosylation is dysregulated in pancreatic cancer cells, however, tumor-associated glycans and their cognate glycosylating enzymes have received insufficient attention as potential clinical targets. Aberrant glycosylation affects a broad range of pathways that underpin tumor initiation, metastatic progression, and resistance to cancer treatment. One of the prevalent alterations in the cancer glycome is an enrichment in a select group of sialylated glycans including sialylated, branched N-glycans, sialyl Lewis antigens, and sialylated forms of truncated O-glycans such as the sialyl Tn antigen. These modifications affect the activity of numerous cell surface receptors, which collectively impart malignant characteristics typified by enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis-resistance. Additionally, sialic acids on tumor cells engage inhibitory Siglec receptors on immune cells to dampen anti-tumor immunity, further promoting cancer progression. The goal of this review is to summarize the predominant changes in sialylation occurring in pancreatic cancer, the biological functions of sialylated glycoproteins in cancer pathogenesis, and the emerging strategies for targeting sialoglycans and Siglec receptors in cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Barnita Haldar
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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7
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Lumibao JC, Tremblay JR, Hsu J, Engle DD. Altered glycosylation in pancreatic cancer and beyond. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211505. [PMID: 35522218 PMCID: PMC9086500 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is one of the deadliest cancers and is projected to soon be the second leading cause of cancer death. Median survival of PDA patients is 6-10 mo, with the majority of diagnoses occurring at later, metastatic stages that are refractory to treatment and accompanied by worsening prognoses. Glycosylation is one of the most common types of post-translational modifications. The complex landscape of glycosylation produces an extensive repertoire of glycan moieties, glycoproteins, and glycolipids, thus adding a dynamic and tunable level of intra- and intercellular signaling regulation. Aberrant glycosylation is a feature of cancer progression and influences a broad range of signaling pathways to promote disease onset and progression. However, despite being so common, the functional consequences of altered glycosylation and their potential as therapeutic targets remain poorly understood and vastly understudied in the context of PDA. In this review, the functionality of glycans as they contribute to hallmarks of PDA are highlighted as active regulators of disease onset, tumor progression, metastatic capability, therapeutic resistance, and remodeling of the tumor immune microenvironment. A deeper understanding of the functional consequences of altered glycosylation will facilitate future hypothesis-driven studies and identify novel therapeutic strategies in PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jasper Hsu
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA
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8
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Leite-Gomes E, Dias AM, Azevedo CM, Santos-Pereira B, Magalhães M, Garrido M, Amorim R, Lago P, Marcos-Pinto R, Pinho SS. Bringing to Light the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Mucosal Glycosylation as a Key Player. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:947-962. [PMID: 34849933 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colitis-associated cancer is a major complication of inflammatory bowel disease remaining an important clinical challenge in terms of diagnosis, screening, and prognosis. Inflammation is a driving factor both in inflammatory bowel disease and cancer, but the mechanism underlying the transition from colon inflammation to cancer remains to be defined. Dysregulation of mucosal glycosylation has been described as a key regulatory mechanism associated both with colon inflammation and colorectal cancer development. In this review, we discuss the major molecular mechanisms of colitis-associated cancer pathogenesis, highlighting the role of glycans expressed at gut epithelial cells, at lamina propria T cells, and in serum proteins in the regulation of intestinal inflammation and its progression to colon cancer, further discussing its potential clinical and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Leite-Gomes
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Dias
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina M Azevedo
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Santos-Pereira
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Magalhães
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Garrido
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Amorim
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Pediatrics Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário São João, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Lago
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Marcos-Pinto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centre for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Salomé S Pinho
- i3S-Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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9
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An NF-κB- and Therapy-Related Regulatory Network in Glioma: A Potential Mechanism of Action for Natural Antiglioma Agents. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10050935. [PMID: 35625673 PMCID: PMC9138293 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10050935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are among the most aggressive malignancies, with significantly low median survival. Recent experimental research in the field has highlighted the importance of natural substances as possible antiglioma agents, also known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action. We have previously shown that natural substances target several surface cluster of differentiation (CD) markers in glioma cells, as part of their mechanism of action. We analyzed the genome-wide NF-κB binding sites residing in consensus regulatory elements, based on ENCODE data. We found that NF-κB binding sites reside adjacent to the promoter regions of genes encoding CD markers targeted by antiglioma agents (namely, CD15/FUT4, CD28, CD44, CD58, CD61/SELL, CD71/TFRC, and CD122/IL2RB). Network and pathway analysis revealed that the markers are associated with a core network of genes that, altogether, participate in processes that associate tumorigenesis with inflammation and immune evasion. Our results reveal a core regulatory network that can be targeted in glioblastoma, with apparent implications in individuals that suffer from this devastating malignancy.
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10
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Yang YJ, Lu CL, Sheu BS. Differential H. pylori-Induced MAPK Responses Regulate Lewis Antigen Expression and Colonization Density on Gastric Epithelial Cells Between Children and Adults. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849512. [PMID: 35350782 PMCID: PMC8957798 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori causes gastrointestinal diseases, the manifestations of diseases are more serious in adults than in children. Lewis antigen expressions on the gastric epithelium serves as receptors targeted by H. pylori. Moreover, the MAPK signaling pathway involves glycoprotein synthesis of Lewis antigens. We aimed to investigate whether differences in H. pylori-induced MAPK responses mediate gastric Lewis antigens expression and colonization density differently in children and adults. We used human stomach fetal epithelium (HSFE) and SV40-immortalized human normal gastric epithelial (GES-1) cell lines to mimic primary gastric epithelium of children and adults, respectively. H. pylori colonization intensity and Lewis antigens were significantly higher in GES-1 than in HSFE cells, whereas IL-8 and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in HSFE than in GES-1 cells after infection. c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) siRNA and inhibitor (SP600125) experiments showed that Lewis antigen expression and H. pylori colonization were reduced in GES-1 cells but increased in HSFE cells. Furthermore, p-p38 intensity was significantly higher in the superficial epithelium of the children than in the adults with/without H. pylori infection. The overexpression of p38 in GES-1 cells downregulated H. pylori-induced JNK activity mimicking H. pylori infection in children. In conclusion, a higher p38 expression in gastric epithelium counteracting JNK activity in children may contribute to lower Lewis antigen expression and colonization density than in adults after H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jong Yang
- Departments of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Lu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Shyang Sheu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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11
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Berois N, Pittini A, Osinaga E. Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030645. [PMID: 35158915 PMCID: PMC8833780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of many cancers, and it plays crucial roles in tumor development and biology. Cancer progression can be regulated by several physiopathological processes controlled by glycosylation, such as cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix interaction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are suitable for selective cancer targeting, as well as novel antitumor immunotherapy approaches. This review summarizes the strategies developed in cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms and state-of-the-art methods in clinical oncology. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis antigens, and polysialic acid. In this review, we analyze strategies for cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, including different antibody developments, the production of vaccines, and the generation of CAR-T cells. Some approaches have been approved for clinical use, such as anti-GD2 antibodies. Moreover, in terms of the antitumor mechanisms against different TACAs, we show results of selected clinical trials, considering the horizons that have opened up as a result of recent developments in technologies used for cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berois
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Alvaro Pittini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
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12
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Tvaroška I. Glycosyltransferases as targets for therapeutic intervention in cancer and inflammation: molecular modeling insights. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-02026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Fucosylation in Urological Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413333. [PMID: 34948129 PMCID: PMC8708646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fucosylation is an oligosaccharide modification that plays an important role in immune response and malignancy, and specific fucosyltransferases (FUTs) catalyze the three types of fucosylations: core-type, Lewis type, and H type. FUTs regulate cancer proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy by modifying the glycosylation of signaling receptors. Oligosaccharides on PD-1/PD-L1 proteins are specifically fucosylated, leading to functional modifications. Expression of FUTs is upregulated in renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate cancer. Aberrant fucosylation in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could be used as a novel biomarker for prostate cancer. Furthermore, elucidation of the biological function of fucosylation could result in the development of novel therapeutic targets. Further studies are needed in the field of fucosylation glycobiology in urological malignancies.
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Wang W, Cui J, Ma H, Lu W, Huang J. Targeting Pyrimidine Metabolism in the Era of Precision Cancer Medicine. Front Oncol 2021; 11:684961. [PMID: 34123854 PMCID: PMC8194085 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.684961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring is considered as a primary feature of cancer. Malignant cells reprogram metabolism pathway in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic drawback to fuel cell survival and growth. Among the complex metabolic pathways, pyrimidine biosynthesis is conserved in all living organism and is necessary to maintain cellular fundamental function (i.e. DNA and RNA biosynthesis). A wealth of evidence has demonstrated that dysfunction of pyrimidine metabolism is closely related to cancer progression and numerous drugs targeting pyrimidine metabolism have been approved for multiple types of cancer. However, the non-negligible side effects and limited efficacy warrants a better strategy for negating pyrimidine metabolism in cancer. In recent years, increased studies have evidenced the interplay of oncogenic signaling and pyrimidine synthesis in tumorigenesis. Here, we review the recent conceptual advances on pyrimidine metabolism, especially dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), in the framework of precision oncology medicine and prospect how this would guide the development of new drug precisely targeting the pyrimidine metabolism in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqiang Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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15
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Immunization with anti-Tn immunogen in maternal rats protects against hyperoxia-induced kidney injury in newborn offspring. Pediatr Res 2021; 89:476-482. [PMID: 32311698 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hyperoxia increases oxidative stress and adversely disturbs glomerular and tubular maturity. Maternal Tn immunization induces anti-Tn antibody titer and attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. METHODS We intraperitoneally immunized female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) with Tn immunogen (50 μg/dose) or carrier protein five times at biweekly intervals on 8, 6, 4, 2, and 0 weeks before the delivery day. The pups were reared for 2 weeks in either room air (RA) or in 85% oxygen-enriched atmosphere (O2), thus generating four study groups, namely carrier protein + RA, Tn vaccine + RA, carrier protein + O2, and Tn vaccine + O2. On postnatal day 14, the kidneys were harvested for the oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and collagen expression and histological analyses. RESULTS Hyperoxia reduced body weight, induced tubular and glomerular injuries, and increased 8-OHdG and NF-κB expression and collagen deposition in the kidneys. By contrast, maternal Tn immunization reduced kidney injury and collagen deposition in neonatal rats. Furthermore, kidney injury attenuation was accompanied by a reduction in 8-OHdG and NF-κB expression. CONCLUSION Maternal Tn immunization protects against hyperoxia-induced kidney injury in neonatal rats by attenuating oxidative stress and NF-κB activity. IMPACT Hyperoxia increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and collagen deposition in neonatal rat kidney. Maternal Tn immunization reduced kidney injury as well as collagen deposition in neonatal rats. Maternal Tn immunization reduced kidney injury and was associated with a reduction in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and NF-κB activity. Tn vaccine can be a promising treatment modality against hyperoxia-induced kidney injury in neonates.
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16
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Mao F, Duan H, Allamyradov A, Xin Z, Du Y, Wang X, Xu P, Li Z, Qian J, Yao J. Expression and prognostic analyses of SCAMPs in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:4096-4114. [PMID: 33493138 PMCID: PMC7906166 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Due to the difficulties in early diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), many patients fail to receive optimal therapeutic regimens. The Secretory-Carrier-Membrane-Proteins (SCAMPs) are known to be dysregulated in a range of human diseases due to their characterized roles in mammalian cell exocytosis inferred from their functions as integral membrane proteins. However, the expression and prognostic value of SCAMPs in PAAD is poorly characterized. We compared cancer vs. healthy tissue and found that the expression of SCAMPs1-4 was upregulated in PAAD compared to normal tissue. In contrast, SCAMP5 expression was downregulated in PAAD. Moreover, the expression of SCAMPs1-4 was enhanced in PAAD cell lines according to Cancer Cell Line public database. Furthermore, the HPA, GEPIA databases and immunohistochemical analysis from 238 patients suggested that the loss of SCAMP1 led to improved overall survival (OS), whilst lower SCAMP5 levels led to a poorer OS. The univariate and multivariate analysis showed that SCAMP1 and SCAMP5 expression were independent prognostic factors of PAAD. In addition, the cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics, LinkedOmics datasets, and the GEPIA were used to identify the co-expression genes of SCAMP1,5 and the correlation between SCAMPs members. We conclude that SCAMPs 1 and 5 significantly represent promising diagnosis and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyu Mao
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Heng Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Aly Allamyradov
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zechang Xin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Du
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhennan Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianjun Qian
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yao
- Clinical Medical College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Guangling Qu, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
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17
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Peixoto A, Cotton S, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. The Tumour Microenvironment and Circulating Tumour Cells: A Partnership Driving Metastasis and Glycan-Based Opportunities for Cancer Control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1329:1-33. [PMID: 34664231 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are rare cells that actively detach or are shed from primary tumours into the lymph and blood. Some CTC subpopulations gain the capacity to survive, home and colonize distant locations, forming metastasis. This results from a multifactorial process in which cancer cells optimize motility, invasion, immune escape and cooperative relationships with microenvironmental cues. Here we present evidences of a self-fuelling molecular crosstalk between cancer cells and the tumour stroma supporting the main milestones leading to metastasis. We discuss how the tumour microenvironment supports pre-metastatic niches and CTC development and ultimately dictates CTC fate in targeted organs. Finally, we highlight the key role played by protein glycosylation in metastasis development, its prompt response to microenvironmental stimuli and the tremendous potential of glycan-based molecular signatures for liquid biopsies and targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3s), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. .,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), Porto, Portugal. .,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3s), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering (INEB), Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Centre (P.ccc), Porto, Portugal
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18
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van de Wall S, Santegoets KC, van Houtum EJ, Büll C, Adema GJ. Sialoglycans and Siglecs Can Shape the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:274-285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Jin F, Wang F. The physiological and pathological roles and applications of sialyl Lewis x, a common carbohydrate ligand of the three selectins. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:277-291. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09912-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Elek Z, Kovács Z, Keszler G, Szabó M, Csanky E, Luo J, Guttman A, Rónai Z. High Throughput Multiplex SNP-analysis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer. Curr Mol Med 2020; 20:185-193. [DOI: 10.2174/1566524019666191017123446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background:
A number of human inflammatory diseases and tumors have
been shown to cause alterations in the glycosylation pattern of plasma proteins in a specific
manner. These highly variable and versatile post-translational modifications finetune
protein functions by influencing sorting, folding, enzyme activity and subcellular
localization. However, relatively little is known about regulatory factors of this procedure
and about the accurate causative connection between glycosylation and disease.
Objective:
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether certain single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes encoding glycosyltransferases and glycosidases
could be associated with elevated risk for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) and lung adenocarcinoma.
Methods:
A total of 32 SNPs localized in genes related to N-glycosylation were selected
for the association analysis. Polymorphisms with putative biological functions (missense
or regulatory variants) were recruited. SNPs were genotyped by a TaqMan OpenArray
platform. A single base extension-based method in combination with capillary gel electrophoresis
was used for verification.
Results:
The TaqMan OpenArray approach provided accurate and reliable genotype
data (global call rate: 94.9%, accuracy: 99.6%). No significant discrepancy was detected
between the obtained and expected genotype frequency values (Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium)
in the healthy control sample group in case of any SNP confirming reliable sampling
and genotyping. Allele frequencies of the rs3944508 polymorphism localized in the
3’ UTR of the MGAT5 gene significantly differed between the sample groups compared.
Conclusion:
Our results suggest that the rs34944508 SNP might modulate the risk for
lung cancer by influencing the expression of MGAT5. This enzyme catalyzes the addition
of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in beta 1-6 linkage to the alpha-linked mannose of
biantennary N-linked oligosaccharides, thus, increasing branching that is the characteristic
of invasive malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Elek
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kovács
- Horvath Csaba Memorial Laboratory of Bioseparation Sciences, Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Doctoral School of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei krt., Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
| | - Gergely Keszler
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Jane Luo
- SCIEX Separations, Brea, CA 92821, United States
| | | | - Zsolt Rónai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Tri-antennary tri-sialylated mono-fucosylated glycan of alpha-1 antitrypsin as a non-invasive biomarker for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a novel glycobiomarker for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:321. [PMID: 31941930 PMCID: PMC6962197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56947-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that may lead to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we examined the diagnostic utility of tri-antennary tri-sialylated mono-fucosylated glycan of alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT-A3F), a non-invasive glycobiomarker identified in a previous study of NASH diagnosis. This study included 131 biopsy-proven Japanese patients with NAFLD. We evaluated the utility of AAT-A3F in NASH diagnosis, and conducted genetic analysis to analyse the mechanism of AAT-A3F elevation in NASH. Serum AAT-A3F concentrations were significantly higher in NASH patients than in NAFL patients, and in patients with fibrosis, lobular inflammation, and ballooning. Hepatic FUT6 gene expression was significantly higher in NASH than in NAFL. IL-6 expression levels were significantly higher in NASH than in NAFL and showed a positive correlation with FUT6 expression levels. The serum-AAT-A3F levels strongly correlated with hepatic FUT6 expression levels. AAT-A3F levels increased with fibrosis, pathological inflammation, and ballooning in patients with NAFLD and may be useful for non-invasive diagnosis of NASH from the early stages of fibrosis.
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22
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Kvorjak M, Ahmed Y, Miller ML, Sriram R, Coronnello C, Hashash JG, Hartman DJ, Telmer CA, Miskov-Zivanov N, Finn OJ, Cascio S. Cross-talk between Colon Cells and Macrophages Increases ST6GALNAC1 and MUC1-sTn Expression in Ulcerative Colitis and Colitis-Associated Colon Cancer. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 8:167-178. [PMID: 31831633 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-19-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients with ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colitis-associated colon cancer (CACC). Changes in glycosylation of the oncoprotein MUC1 commonly occur in chronic inflammation, including ulcerative colitis, and this abnormally glycosylated MUC1 promotes cancer development and progression. It is not known what causes changes in glycosylation of MUC1. Gene expression profiling of myeloid cells in inflamed and malignant colon tissues showed increased expression levels of inflammatory macrophage-associated cytokines compared with normal tissues. We analyzed the involvement of macrophage-associated cytokines in the induction of aberrant MUC1 glycoforms. A coculture system was used to examine the effects of M1 and M2 macrophages on glycosylation-related enzymes in colon cancer cells. M2-like macrophages induced the expression of the glycosyltransferase ST6GALNAC1, an enzyme that adds sialic acid to O-linked GalNAc residues, promoting the formation of tumor-associated sialyl-Tn (sTn) O-glycans. Immunostaining of ulcerative colitis and CACC tissue samples confirmed the elevated number of M2-like macrophages as well as high expression of ST6GALNAC1 and the altered MUC1-sTn glycoform on colon cells. Cytokine arrays and blocking antibody experiments indicated that the macrophage-dependent ST6GALNAC1 activation was mediated by IL13 and CCL17. We demonstrated that IL13 promoted phosphorylation of STAT6 to activate transcription of ST6GALNAC1. A computational model of signaling pathways was assembled and used to test IL13 inhibition as a possible therapy. Our findings revealed a novel cellular cross-talk between colon cells and macrophages within the inflamed and malignant colon that contributes to the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and CACC.See related Spotlight on p. 160.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kvorjak
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Yasmine Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Michelle L Miller
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Raahul Sriram
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Jana G Hashash
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Douglas J Hartman
- Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Cheryl A Telmer
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Natasa Miskov-Zivanov
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Olivera J Finn
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sandra Cascio
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. .,Fondazione Ri.Med, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, & Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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23
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Patel KR, Nott JD, Barb AW. Primary Human Natural Killer Cells Retain Proinflammatory IgG1 at the Cell Surface and Express CD16a Glycoforms with Donor-dependent Variability. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:2178-2190. [PMID: 31467031 PMCID: PMC6823852 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification confers diverse functional properties to immune system proteins. The composition of serum proteins such as immunoglobulin G (IgG) strongly associates with disease including forms lacking a fucose modification of the crystallizable fragment (Fc) asparagine(N)-linked glycan that show increased effector function, however, virtually nothing is known about the composition of cell surface receptors or their bound ligands in situ because of low abundance in the circulating blood. We isolated primary NK cells from apheresis filters following plasma or platelet donation to characterize the compositional variability of Fc γ receptor IIIa/CD16a and its bound ligand, IgG1. CD16a N162-glycans showed the largest differences between donors; one donor displayed only oligomannose-type N-glycans at N162 that correlate with high affinity IgG1 Fc binding whereas the other donors displayed a high degree of compositional variability at this site. Hybrid-type N-glycans with intermediate processing dominated at N45 and highly modified, complex-type N-glycans decorated N38 and N74 from all donors. Analysis of the IgG1 ligand bound to NK cell CD16a revealed a sharp decrease in antibody fucosylation (43.2 ± 11.0%) versus serum from the same donors (89.7 ± 3.9%). Thus, NK cells express CD16a with unique modification patterns and preferentially bind IgG1 without the Fc fucose modification at the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashyap R Patel
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011
| | - Joel D Nott
- Office of Biotechnology, Protein Facility, Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011
| | - Adam W Barb
- Roy J. Carver Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames IA 50011; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens 30602; Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
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24
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Theories about the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) refer to the potential of primary islet inflammatory signaling as a trigger for the loss of self-tolerance leading to disease onset. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EV) may represent the missing link between inflammation and autoimmunity. Here, we review the evidence for a role of EV in the pathogenesis of T1D, as well as discuss their potential value in the clinical sphere, as biomarkers and therapeutic agents. RECENT FINDINGS EV derived from β cells are enriched in diabetogenic autoantigens and miRNAs that are selectively sorted and packaged. These EV play a pivotal role in antigen presentation and cell to cell communication leading to activation of autoimmune responses. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests the potential of EV as novel tools in clinical diagnostics and therapeutic interventions. In-depth analysis of EV cargo using modern multi-parametric technologies may be useful in enhancing our understanding of EV-mediated immune mechanisms and in identifying robust biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Negi
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Alissa K Rutman
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Steven Paraskevas
- Human Islet Transplant Laboratory, Department of Surgery, D5.5736, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.
- Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research Program, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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25
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Kobayashi T, Ogawa K, Furukawa JI, Hanamatsu H, Hato M, Yoshinaga T, Morikawa K, Suda G, Sho T, Nakai M, Higashino K, Numata Y, Shinohara Y, Sakamoto N. Quantifying Protein-Specific N-Glycome Profiles by Focused Protein and Immunoprecipitation Glycomics. J Proteome Res 2019; 18:3133-3141. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kobayashi
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
| | - Koji Ogawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Furukawa
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Hanamatsu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Megumi Hato
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomoyo Yoshinaga
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Goki Suda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takuya Sho
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Nakai
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Higashino
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshito Numata
- Shionogi Innovation Center for Drug Discovery, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuro Shinohara
- Laboratory of Medical and Functional Glycomics, Graduate School of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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26
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Garnham R, Scott E, Livermore KE, Munkley J. ST6GAL1: A key player in cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:983-989. [PMID: 31423157 PMCID: PMC6607188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells and there is now overwhelming evidence that glycans can modulate pathways intrinsic to tumour cell biology. Glycans are important in all of the cancer hallmarks and there is a renewed interest in the glycomic profiling of tumours to improve early diagnosis, determine patient prognosis and identify targets for therapeutic intervention. One of the most widely occurring cancer associated changes in glycosylation is abnormal sialylation which is often accompanied by changes in sialyltransferase activity. Several sialyltransferases are implicated in cancer, but in recent years ST6 β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) has become increasingly dominant in the literature. ST6GAL1 catalyses the addition of α2,6-linked sialic acids to terminal N-glycans and can modify glycoproteins and/or glycolipids. ST6GAL1 is upregulated in numerous types of cancer (including pancreatic, prostate, breast and ovarian cancer) and can promote growth, survival and metastasis. The present review discusses ST6GAL in relation to the hallmarks of cancer, and highlights its key role in multiple mechanisms intrinsic to tumour cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Garnham
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emma Scott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Karen E Livermore
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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27
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Peixoto A, Relvas-Santos M, Azevedo R, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Protein Glycosylation and Tumor Microenvironment Alterations Driving Cancer Hallmarks. Front Oncol 2019; 9:380. [PMID: 31157165 PMCID: PMC6530332 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decades of research have disclosed a plethora of alterations in protein glycosylation that decisively impact in all stages of disease and ultimately contribute to more aggressive cell phenotypes. The biosynthesis of cancer-associated glycans and its reflection in the glycoproteome is driven by microenvironmental cues and these events act synergistically toward disease evolution. Such intricate crosstalk provides the molecular foundations for the activation of relevant oncogenic pathways and leads to functional alterations driving invasion and disease dissemination. However, it also provides an important source of relevant glyco(neo)epitopes holding tremendous potential for clinical intervention. Therefore, we highlight the transversal nature of glycans throughout the currently accepted cancer hallmarks, with emphasis on the crosstalk between glycans and the tumor microenvironment stromal components. Focus is also set on the pressing need to include glycans and glycoconjugates in comprehensive panomics models envisaging molecular-based precision medicine capable of improving patient care. We foresee that this may provide the necessary rationale for more comprehensive studies and molecular-based intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Tumour and Microenvironment Interactions Group, INEB-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Relvas-Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, Porto, Portugal
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Chen CM, Hwang J, Chou HC. Maternal Tn Immunization Attenuates Hyperoxia-Induced Lung Injury in Neonatal Rats Through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2019; 10:681. [PMID: 31019509 PMCID: PMC6458300 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperoxia therapy is often required to treat newborns with respiratory disorders. Prolonged hyperoxia exposure increases oxidative stress and arrests alveolar development in newborn rats. Tn antigen is N-acetylgalactosamine residue that is one of the most remarkable tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens. Tn immunization increases the serum anti-Tn antibody titers and attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in adult mice. We hypothesized that maternal Tn immunizations would attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury through the suppression of oxidative stress in neonatal rats. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) were intraperitoneally immunized five times with Tn (50 μg/dose) or carrier protein at biweekly intervals on 8, 6, 4, 2, and 0 weeks before the day of delivery. The pups were reared in room air (RA) or 2 weeks of 85% O2, creating the four study groups: carrier protein + RA, Tn vaccine + RA, carrier protein + O2, and Tn vaccine + O2. The lungs were excised for oxidative stress, cytokine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) expression, and histological analysis on postnatal day 14. Blood was withdrawn from dams and rat pups to check anti-Tn antibody using western blot. We observed that neonatal hyperoxia exposure reduced the body weight, increased 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression and lung cytokine (interleukin-4), increased mean linear intercept (MLI) values, and decreased vascular density and VEGF and PDGF-B expressions. By contrast, Tn immunization increased maternal and neonatal serum anti-Tn antibody titers on postnatal day 14, reduced MLI, and increased vascular density and VEGF and PDGF-B expressions to normoxic levels. Furthermore, the alleviation of lung injury was accompanied by a reduction in lung cytokine and 8-OHdG expression. Therefore, we propose that maternal Tn immunization attenuates hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaulang Hwang
- Taipei Cancer Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Shathili AM, Brown HM, Everest-Dass AV, Tan TCY, Parker LM, Thompson JG, Packer NH. The effect of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia on N-and O-linked protein glycosylation in mouse ovary. Glycobiology 2019; 28:832-840. [PMID: 30169672 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification of proteins namely glycosylation influences cellular behavior, structural properties and interactions including during ovarian follicle development and atresia. However, little is known about protein glycosylation changes occurring in diabetes mellitus in ovarian tissues despite the well-known influence of diabetes on the outcome of successful embryo implantation. In our study, the use of PGC chromatography-ESI mass spectrometry in negative ion mode enabled the identification of 138 N-glycans and 6 O-glycans on the proteins of Streptozotocin-induced (STZ) diabetic mouse ovarian tissues (n = 3). Diabetic mouse ovaries exhibited a relative decrease in sialylation, fucosylation and, to a lesser extent, branched N-linked glycan structures, as well as an increase in oligomannose structures on their proteins, compared with nondiabetic mouse ovaries. Changes in N-glycans occurred in the diabetic liver tissue but were more evident in diabetic ovarian tissue of the same mouse, suggesting an organ-specific effect of diabetes mellitus on protein glycosylation. Although at a very low amount, O-GalNAc glycans of mice ovaries were present as core type 1 and core type 2 glycans; with a relative increase in the NeuGc:NeuAc ratio as the most significant difference between control and diabetic ovarian tissues. STZ-treated mice also showed a trend towards an increase in TNF-α and IL1-B inflammatory cytokines, which have previously been shown to influence protein glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Shathili
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah M Brown
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Arun V Everest-Dass
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tiffany C Y Tan
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lindsay M Parker
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeremy G Thompson
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Nanoscale Biophotonics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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30
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Zhan L, Chen L, Chen Z. Knockdown of FUT3 disrupts the proliferation, migration, tumorigenesis and TGF-β induced EMT in pancreatic cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:924-930. [PMID: 29963165 PMCID: PMC6019892 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) are critical for glycoproteins and glycolipid chains and serve an important role in the adhesive interaction between selectins and their ligands, which contribute to tumor cell spread and metastasis. While multiple cancer cell lines heavily express FUT3, the present study investigated the expression level of FUT3 in different human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Forced expression and knockdown of FUT3 in different pancreatic cancer cell line demonstrated that FUT3 is important in cell proliferation. Using wound healing and transwell assays, it was observed that the migratory ability was decreased in FUT3 downregulated Capan-1 cell line, compared with the normal Capan-1 cell line. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the knockdown of FUT3 impaired the adhesion of Capan-1 with E-selectin and inhibited transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These data suggest that the knockdown of FUT3 inhibits the tumorigenesis in vivo and FUT3 may be a promising target aiming at reducing the metastatic virulence of pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhan
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Lianyu Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China
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Garbar C, Mascaux C, Merrouche Y, Bensussan A. Triple-negative and HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell sialylation impacts tumor microenvironment T-lymphocyte subset recruitment: a possible mechanism of tumor escape. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:1051-1059. [PMID: 29765252 PMCID: PMC5942397 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s162932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Breast cancers develop different patterns of sialylation to modulate their tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) environment. We studied the relationship between α-2,6 sialyltransferases and the TIL in different breast cancer molecular subgroups. Materials and methods Immunohistochemical preparations were made from 39 luminal (LUM), 13 human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing (HER2) and 47 triple-negative (TN) breast carcinomas. Targeted proteins included ST6Gal-I, ST6Gal-II, ST6GalNac-I, CD8, CD4 and granzyme-B in both cytotoxic T lymphocytes and NK lymphocytes (CTL/NK). Results CTL/NK populations were significantly more frequent in TN than LUM (P <0.001). TN showed a lower level of ST6Gal-I expression than LUM or HER2 (both P > 0.001). ST6GalNac-I expression was lower in LUM than in TN or HER2 (P = 0.002 and P = 0.02, respectively). In HER2, a significant association was found between a low level of ST6Gal-I expression and a high TIL level. In TN, a significant association was observed between a high level of ST6Gal-II expression and a high TIL level. Conclusion An increase in infiltrating lymphocytes could be influenced by low expression of ST6Gal-I in HER2 and by high expression of ST6Gal-II in TN breast cancers. Thus, targeting these sialylation pathways could modulate the levels of TIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Garbar
- Biopathology Department, Institut Jean Godinot - Unicancer, Reims, France.,DERM-I-C EA7319, Université de Reims Champagne - Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Corinne Mascaux
- Biopathology Department, Institut Jean Godinot - Unicancer, Reims, France.,DERM-I-C EA7319, Université de Reims Champagne - Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Yacine Merrouche
- Biopathology Department, Institut Jean Godinot - Unicancer, Reims, France.,DERM-I-C EA7319, Université de Reims Champagne - Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Armand Bensussan
- INSERM U976; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory of Immunology, Dermatology & Oncology, Paris, France
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32
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Pearce OMT. Cancer glycan epitopes: biosynthesis, structure and function. Glycobiology 2018; 28:670-696. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M T Pearce
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
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33
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Everest-Dass AV, Moh ESX, Ashwood C, Shathili AMM, Packer NH. Human disease glycomics: technology advances enabling protein glycosylation analysis - part 2. Expert Rev Proteomics 2018. [PMID: 29521143 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2018.1448710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The changes in glycan structures have been attributed to disease states for several decades. The surface glycosylation pattern is a signature of physiological state of a cell. In this review we provide a link between observed substructural glycan changes and a range of diseases. Areas covered: We highlight biologically relevant glycan substructure expression in cancer, inflammation, neuronal diseases and diabetes. Furthermore, the alterations in antibody glycosylation in a disease context are described. Expert commentary: Advances in technologies, as described in Part 1 of this review have now enabled the characterization of specific glycan structural markers of a range of disease states. The requirement of including glycomics in cross-disciplinary omics studies, such as genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics towards a systems glycobiology approach to understanding disease mechanisms and management are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun V Everest-Dass
- a Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,c Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
| | - Edward S X Moh
- a Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Christopher Ashwood
- a Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Abdulrahman M M Shathili
- a Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- a Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biomolecular Discovery and Design Research Centre , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,b ARC Centre for Nanoscale BioPhotonics , Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia.,c Institute for Glycomics , Griffith University , Gold Coast , Australia
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34
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Balmaña M, Duran A, Gomes C, Llop E, López-Martos R, Ortiz MR, Barrabés S, Reis CA, Peracaula R. Analysis of sialyl-Lewis x on MUC5AC and MUC1 mucins in pancreatic cancer tissues. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:33-45. [PMID: 29408556 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lacks efficient biomarkers. Mucins are glycoproteins that can carry aberrant glycosylation in cancer. Our objective was to identify cancer-related glycan epitopes on MUC1 and MUC5AC mucins in PDAC as potential biomarkers. We have analysed the tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens sialyl-Lewis x (SLex) and sialyl-Tn (STn) on MUC1 and MUC5AC in PDAC tissues. The selected cohort for this study consisted of twenty-one PDAC tissues positive for SLex antigen and three normal pancreas specimens as controls. STn expression was shown in 76% of the PDAC tissues. MUC1 and MUC5AC were detected in 90% of PDAC tissues. We performed in situ proximity ligation assay combining antibodies against mucins and glycan epitopes to identify specific mucin glycoforms. MUC1-SLex and MUC5AC-SLex were found in 68% and 84% respectively, of the mucin expressing PDAC tissues, while STn hardly colocalized with any of the evaluated mucins. Further analysis by Western blot of MUC5AC and SLex in eight PDAC tissue lysates showed that six out of eight cases were positive for both markers. Moreover, immunoprecipitation of MUC5AC from positive PDAC tissues and subsequent SLex immunodetection confirmed the presence of SLex on MUC5AC. Altogether, MUC5AC-SLex glycoform is present in PDAC and can be regarded as potential biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Balmaña
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain; Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adrià Duran
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Catarina Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal
| | - Esther Llop
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Martos
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - M Rosa Ortiz
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dr. Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Celso A Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, I3S, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of University of Porto, Ipatimup, Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty, University of Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar - ICBAS, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Rosa Peracaula
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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35
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Munkley J, Elliott DJ. Hallmarks of glycosylation in cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:35478-89. [PMID: 27007155 PMCID: PMC5085245 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation plays a fundamental role in key pathological steps of tumour development and progression. Glycans have roles in cancer cell signalling, tumour cell dissociation and invasion, cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, metastasis and immune modulation. Aberrant glycosylation is often cited as a ‘hallmark of cancer’ but is notably absent from both the original hallmarks of cancer and from the next generation of emerging hallmarks. This review discusses how glycosylation is clearly an enabling characteristic that is causally associated with the acquisition of all the hallmark capabilities. Rather than aberrant glycosylation being itself a hallmark of cancer, another perspective is that glycans play a role in every recognised cancer hallmark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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36
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Hao Y, Zhu L, Yan L, Liu J, Liu D, Gao N, Tan M, Gao S, Lin B. c-Fos mediates α1, 2-fucosyltransferase 1 and Lewis y expression in response to TGF-β1 in ovarian cancer. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3355-3366. [PMID: 29130097 PMCID: PMC5783580 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
FUT1 is a key rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of Lewis y, a membrane-associated carbohydrate antigen. The aberrant upregulation of FUT1 and Lewis y antigen is related to proliferation, invasion and prognosis in malignant epithelial tumors. A c-Fos/activator protein-1 (AP-1) binding site was found in the FUT1 promoter. However, the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation of FUT1 remain poorly understood. TGF-β1 is positively correlated to Lewis y. In the present study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of FUT1 gene expression in response to TGF-β1. We demonstrated that c-Fos was highly expressed in 77.50% of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cases and was significantly correlated with Lewis y. Using luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, we further revealed that c-Fos interacted with the FUT1 promoter in ovarian cancer cells and transcriptional capacity of the heterodimer formed by c-Fos and c-Jun was stronger than that of the c-Fos or c-Jun homodimers. Then, we demonstrated that TGF-β1 induced dose-dependent c-Fos expression, which was involved in TGF-β1-induced ovarian cancer cell proliferation. In addition, inhibition of MAPK activation or TGF-β1 receptor by pharmacological agents prevented TGF-β1-induced c-Fos and Lewis y expression. Silencing of c-Fos prevented TGF-β1-induced Lewis y expression. Collectively, the results of these studies demonstrated that TGF-β1 regulated FUT1 and Lewis y expression by activating the MAPK/c-Fos pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Liancheng Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Limei Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Dawo Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116011, P.R. China
| | - Mingzi Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, P.R. China
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37
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High expression of FUT3 is linked to poor prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61036-61047. [PMID: 28977844 PMCID: PMC5617404 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Some of the fucosylation catalyzed by fucosyltransferase-III mediates the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and enhances tumor cell-macrophage signaling, which promotes malignant transforming and immune evasion. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the expression of fucosyltransferase-III and clinical outcomes of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma after surgery. Results High fucosyltransferase-III expression was associated with a greater risk of recurrence (p = 0.002) and shortened overall survival (p < 0.001). We then established a prognostic nomogram including tumor size, pathologic T, N, M stage, coagulative necrosis, lymphovascular invasion and fucosyltransferase-III expression. Furthermore, the predictive accuracy of the Leibovich prognostic score was improved when fucosyltransferase-III expression was added (p = 0.009 for overall survival and p = 0.002 for recurrence-free survival). Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 406 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy between January 2008 and December 2009 in a single institute. Fucosyltransferase-III expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining in tumor tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to compare survival curves. Cox regression models were fitted to analyze the effect of prognostic factors on recurrence-free and overall survival. Harrell’s concordance index and Akaike’s Information Criteria were calculated to assess predictive accuracy. Conclusions Fucosyltransferase-III is a predictive factor for poor overall survival and recurrence free survival in patients with ccRCC. The inhibitor of fucosyltransferase-III might be a potential therapeutic method for the disease.
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38
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Luo G, Liu C, Guo M, Long J, Liu Z, Xiao Z, Jin K, Cheng H, Lu Y, Ni Q, Yu X. CA19-9-Low&Lewis (+) pancreatic cancer: A unique subtype. Cancer Lett 2017; 385:46-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Pop VV, Seicean A, Lupan I, Samasca G, Burz CC. IL-6 roles - Molecular pathway and clinical implication in pancreatic cancer - A systemic review. Immunol Lett 2017; 181:45-50. [PMID: 27876525 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer has attracted a great deal of attention owing to the poor outcome, increasing prevalence in the last years and delay diagnosis. Known as a complex disease, it involves genetic mutations, changes in tumour microenvironment and inflammatory component dominated by interleukin-6 and its activated pathways, like Janus Kinase-Signal Transducer and Activator of Translation3, Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase and Androgen receptor. The pro-inflammatory cytokine, plays a central role in oncogenesis, cancer progression, invasiveness, microenvironment changes, treatment resistance, prognosis and associated co morbidities like cachexia and depression. Fulfilling these roles IL-6 requires special attention to understand its complexity in PC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad-Vasile Pop
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. Of Immunology and Allergology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Andrada Seicean
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. Of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Octavian Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iulia Lupan
- Babes Bolyai University, Department of Molecular Biology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriel Samasca
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. Of Immunology and Allergology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Emergency Hospital for Children, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Claudia-Cristina Burz
- Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dept. Of Immunology and Allergology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Ion Chiricuta Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Lin H, Liu Y, Tan Y, Lin J, Gao F, Lin S. Alpha2,3-sialyltransferase III knockdown sensitized ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 482:758-763. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ho CW, Lin CY, Liaw YW, Chiang HL, Chin YT, Huang RL, Lai HC, Hsu YW, Kuo PJ, Chen CE, Lin HY, Whang-Peng J, Nieh S, Fu E, Liu LF, Hwang J. The cytokine-cosmc signaling axis upregulates the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Tn. Oncotarget 2016; 7:61930-61944. [PMID: 27542280 PMCID: PMC5308701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tn antigen (GalNAc-α-O-Ser/Thr), a mucin-type O-linked glycan, is a well-established cell surface marker for tumors and its elevated levels have been correlated with cancer progression and prognosis. There are also reports that Tn is elevated in inflammatory tissues. However, the molecular mechanism for its elevated levels in cancer and inflammation is unclear. In the current studies, we have explored the possibility that cytokines may be one of the common regulatory molecules for elevated Tn levels in both cancer and inflammation. We showed that the Tn level is elevated by the conditioned media of HrasG12V-transformed-BEAS-2B cells. Similarly, the conditioned media obtained from LPS-stimulated monocytes also elevated Tn levels in primary human gingival fibroblasts, suggesting the involvement of cytokines and/or other soluble factors. Indeed, purified inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-6 up-regulated Tn levels in gingival fibroblasts. Furthermore, TNF-α was shown to down-regulate the COSMC gene as evidenced by reduced levels of the COSMC mRNA and protein, as well as hypermethylation of the CpG islands of the COSMC gene promoter. Since Cosmc, a chaperone for T-synthase, is known to negatively regulate Tn levels, our results suggest elevated Tn levels in cancer and inflammation may be commonly regulated by the cytokine-Cosmc signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Wen Ho
- Center for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yu Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wei Liaw
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Ling Chiang
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tang Chin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Rui-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang-Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yaw-Wen Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jan Kuo
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-En Chen
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jacqueline Whang-Peng
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin Nieh
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Earl Fu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leroy F. Liu
- Center for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jaulang Hwang
- Center for Cancer Research, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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Wang Y, Kumar S, Rachagani S, Sajja BR, Xie Y, Hang Y, Jain M, Li J, Boska MD, Batra SK, Oupický D. Polyplex-mediated inhibition of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and chromatin-remodeling enzyme NCOA3 impedes pancreatic cancer progression and metastasis. Biomaterials 2016; 101:108-120. [PMID: 27267632 PMCID: PMC4921319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies due to intense desmoplasia, extreme hypoxia and inherent chemoresistance. Studies have implicated the expression of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and nuclear receptor co-activator-3 (NCOA3) in the development of desmoplasia and metastatic spread of PC. Using a series of polymeric CXCR4 antagonists (PCX), we optimized formulation of PCX/siNCOA3 polyplexes to simultaneously target CXCR4 and NCOA3 in PC. Cholesterol-modified PCX showed maximum CXCR4 antagonism, NCOA3 silencing and inhibition of PC cell migration in vitro. The optimized PCX/siNCOA3 polyplexes were used in evaluating antitumor and antimetastatic activity in orthotopic mouse model of metastatic PC. The polyplexes displayed significant inhibition of primary tumor growth, which was accompanied by a decrease in tumor necrosis and increased tumor perfusion. The polyplexes also showed significant antimetastatic effect and effective suppression of metastasis to distant organs. Overall, dual-function PCX/siNCOA3 polyplexes can effectively regulate tumor microenvironment to decrease progression and dissemination of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, United States
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, United States
| | | | - Ying Xie
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Yu Hang
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Maneesh Jain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Michael D. Boska
- Department of Radiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, United States
| | - Surinder K. Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska, United States
| | - David Oupický
- Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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Rabinovich GA, Conejo-García JR. Shaping the Immune Landscape in Cancer by Galectin-Driven Regulatory Pathways. J Mol Biol 2016; 428:3266-3281. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Gruppen EG, Connelly MA, Vart P, Otvos JD, Bakker SJ, Dullaart RP. GlycA, a novel proinflammatory glycoprotein biomarker, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein are inversely associated with sodium intake after controlling for adiposity: the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease study. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:415-22. [PMID: 27305953 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.133744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent to which dietary sodium intake may confer alterations in the inflammatory status is unclear. GlycA is a novel proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-measured biomarker of systemic inflammation, which is associated with the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes. OBJECTIVE We determined associations of the inflammatory markers GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with 24-h sodium excretion. DESIGN A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed in 3935 subjects who were not using an antihypertensive medication, lipid-lowering drugs, or a glucose-lowering treatment. Urinary sodium excretion was calculated as the mean of two 24-h urine excretions. Linear regression models were used, with 24-h sodium excretion as an independent variable and GlycA or ln hsCRP as a dependent variable. RESULTS The mean ± SD sodium excretion was 143.0 ± 53.4 mmol/24 h. The GlycA concentration was 343.6 ± 58.7 μmol/L, and the geometric mean of the hsCRP concentration was 1.20 mg/L (95% CI: 1.16, 1.25 mg/L). In age- and sex-adjusted analyses, GlycA and ln hsCRP were not significantly associated with 24-h sodium excretion [B: 1.23 (95% CI: -0.67, 3.13; P = 0.21) and 0.03 (95% CI: -0.004, 0.07; P = 0.08), respectively, per 1-SD increase]. After additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI), both GlycA (B: -2.76; 95% CI: -4.65, -0.86; P = 0.004) and ln hsCRP (B: -0.07; 95% CI: -0.11, -0.04; P < 0.001) were inversely associated with 24-h sodium excretion. These associations were similar if adjustment was performed for waist circumference instead of BMI or if additional adjustment was performed for relevant clinical and laboratory variables and were particularly present in men. CONCLUSIONS The proinflammatory biomarkers GlycA and hsCRP are inversely related to higher 24-h sodium excretion when taking into account the variation in adiposity. These inverse relations remain present after taking into account other covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eke G Gruppen
- Departments of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands;
| | - Margery A Connelly
- LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Raleigh, NC; and
| | - Priya Vart
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - James D Otvos
- LipoScience, Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Raleigh, NC; and
| | | | - Robin Pf Dullaart
- Endocrinology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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Cagnoni AJ, Pérez Sáez JM, Rabinovich GA, Mariño KV. Turning-Off Signaling by Siglecs, Selectins, and Galectins: Chemical Inhibition of Glycan-Dependent Interactions in Cancer. Front Oncol 2016; 6:109. [PMID: 27242953 PMCID: PMC4865499 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2016.00109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation, a common feature associated with malignancy, has been implicated in important events during cancer progression. Our understanding of the role of glycans in cancer has grown exponentially in the last few years, concurrent with important advances in glycomics and glycoproteomic technologies, paving the way for the validation of a number of glycan structures as potential glycobiomarkers. However, the molecular bases underlying cancer-associated glycan modifications are still far from understood. Glycans exhibit a natural heterogeneity, crucial for their diverse functional roles as specific carriers of biologically relevant information. This information is decoded by families of proteins named lectins, including sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin (Ig)-like lectins (siglecs), C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), and galectins. Siglecs are primarily expressed on the surface of immune cells and differentially control innate and adaptive immune responses. Among CLRs, selectins are a family of cell adhesion molecules that mediate interactions between cancer cells and platelets, leukocytes, and endothelial cells, thus facilitating tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Galectins, a family of soluble proteins that bind β-galactoside-containing glycans, have been implicated in diverse events associated with cancer biology such as apoptosis, homotypic cell aggregation, angiogenesis, cell migration, and tumor-immune escape. Consequently, individual members of these lectin families have become promising targets for the design of novel anticancer therapies. During the past decade, a number of inhibitors of lectin–glycan interactions have been developed including small-molecule inhibitors, multivalent saccharide ligands, and more recently peptides and peptidomimetics have offered alternatives for tackling tumor progression. In this article, we review the current status of the discovery and development of chemical lectin inhibitors and discuss novel strategies to limit cancer progression by targeting lectin–glycan interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro J Cagnoni
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan M Pérez Sáez
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina V Mariño
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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Parker BL, Thaysen-Andersen M, Fazakerley DJ, Holliday M, Packer NH, James DE. Terminal Galactosylation and Sialylation Switching on Membrane Glycoproteins upon TNF-Alpha-Induced Insulin Resistance in Adipocytes. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:141-53. [PMID: 26537798 PMCID: PMC4762517 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.054221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a complex pathophysiological state that arises from both environmental and genetic perturbations and leads to a variety of diseases, including type-2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity is associated with enhanced adipose tissue inflammation, which may play a role in disease progression. Inflammation modulates protein glycosylation in a variety of cell types, and this has been associated with biological dysregulation. Here, we have examined the effects of an inflammatory insult on protein glycosylation in adipocytes. We performed quantitative N-glycome profiling of membrane proteins derived from mouse 3T3-L1 adipocytes that had been incubated with or without the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha to induce IR. We identified the regulation of specific terminal N-glycan epitopes, including an increase in terminal di-galactose- and a decrease in biantennary alpha-2,3-sialoglycans. The altered N-glycosylation of TNF-alpha-treated adipocytes correlated with the regulation of specific glycosyltransferases, including the up-regulation of B4GalT5 and Ggta1 galactosyltransferases and down-regulation of ST3Gal6 sialyltransferase. Knockdown of B4GalT5 down-regulated the terminal di-galactose N-glycans, confirming the involvement of this enzyme in the TNF-alpha-regulated N-glycome. SILAC-based quantitative glycoproteomics of enriched N-glycopeptides with and without deglycosylation were used to identify the protein and glycosylation sites modified with these regulated N-glycans. The combined proteome and glycoproteome workflow provided a relative quantification of changes in protein abundance versus N-glycosylation occupancy versus site-specific N-glycans on a proteome-wide level. This revealed the modulation of N-glycosylation on specific proteins in IR, including those previously associated with insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L Parker
- From the ‡Charles Perkins Centre, School of Molecular Bioscience and
| | | | | | - Mira Holliday
- From the ‡Charles Perkins Centre, School of Molecular Bioscience and
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- ¶Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - David E James
- From the ‡Charles Perkins Centre, School of Molecular Bioscience and §School of MedicineUniversity of Sydney, Sydney, Australia;
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Gruppen EG, Connelly MA, Dullaart RPF. Higher circulating GlycA, a pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker, relates to lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 mass in nondiabetic subjects but not in diabetic or metabolic syndrome subjects. J Clin Lipidol 2015; 10:512-8. [PMID: 27206938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a cardiovascular risk marker, which is in part complexed to low-density lipoproteins, where it exerts pro-inflammatory properties. GlycA is a pro-inflammatory proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy biomarker whose signal originates from a subset of N-acetylglucosamine residues on the most abundant glycosylated acute-phase proteins. OBJECTIVE We compared plasma GlycA and Lp-PLA2 mass between subjects without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and subjects with T2DM and/or MetS. We also tested the relationship of GlycA with Lp-PLA2 in each group. METHODS Plasma GlycA, Lp-PLA2 mass, high-sensitivity C-reactivity protein (hsCRP) and lipids were measured in 40 subjects with neither T2DM nor MetS (group 1) and in 58 subjects with T2DM and/or MetS (group 2). RESULTS GlycA and hsCRP were higher (P < .01 for each), whereas Lp-PLA2 was lower in group 2 vs group 1 (P < .001). GlycA was positively related to hsCRP in each group (P < .001). In contrast, GlycA was correlated positively with Lp-PLA2 in group 1 (r = 0.384, P = .015), but not in group 2 (r = 0.045; P = .74; interaction term for difference: P = .059). Although Lp-PLA2 was correlated positively with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in each group (P ≤ .02), its inverse relationship with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in group 1 (r = -0.381, P = .013) was absent in group 2 (r = -0.101, P = .42). CONCLUSIONS A pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker, GlycA, is higher in subjects with either T2DM, MetS, or both. The normally present positive relationship of GlycA with Lp-PLA2 is blunted in subjects with T2DM and/or MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eke G Gruppen
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Robin P F Dullaart
- Department of Endocrinology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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