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Pasqualetti S, Mussap M, Monteverde E, Sortino M, Locatelli M, Finazzi S, Tomaiuolo R, Banfi G, Carobene A. C-Reactive Protein and Brain Natriuretic Peptides Harmonization. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 562:119848. [PMID: 38977168 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The harmonization of laboratory biomarkers is pivotal in ensuring consistent and reliable diagnostic outcomes across different clinical settings. This systematic review examines the harmonization of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and N-Terminal Prohormone of Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) measurements, both of which are jointly utilized in the diagnosis and management of cardiovascular diseases. To identify relevant studies, we searched the PubMed electronic database using specific medical subject headings and keywords such as C-Reactive Protein, CRP, high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP), N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, and NT-proBNP, focusing on publications from June 1 to September 26, 2021. The query filtered studies to include only those in English involving human subjects. From our search, 97 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included for in-depth analysis. Despite their widespread use, significant variability remains in the measurements of CRP and NT-proBNP due to a lack of standardized pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical practices. This review highlights the consequences of this variability on clinical decision-making and patient outcomes and emphasizes the need for international standards and guidelines to achieve better harmonization. Our findings advocate for the establishment of universal protocols to enhance the reliability of these biomarker measurements across different clinical environments, ensuring improved healthcare delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pasqualetti
- Laboratory Chimical Chemistry, ASST Ovest Milanese, Hospital of Legnano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Mussap
- Molecular Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Italy; Laboratory Medicine, Hospital Villa Salus, Venice, Italy
| | | | | | - Massimo Locatelli
- Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Finazzi
- Laboratory Chimical Chemistry, ASST Ovest Milanese, Hospital of Legnano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Banfi
- University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Carobene
- Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
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2
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Zhang BS, Zhang XM, Ito M, Yajima S, Yoshida K, Ohno M, Nishi E, Wang H, Li SY, Kubota M, Yoshida Y, Matsutani T, Mine S, Machida T, Takemoto M, Yamagata H, Hayashi A, Yokote K, Kobayashi Y, Takizawa H, Kuroda H, Shimada H, Iwadate Y, Hiwasa T. JMJD6 Autoantibodies as a Potential Biomarker for Inflammation-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4935. [PMID: 38732153 PMCID: PMC11084951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is closely associated with cerebrovascular diseases, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancers, and it is accompanied by the development of autoantibodies in the early stage of inflammation-related diseases. Hence, it is meaningful to discover novel antibody biomarkers targeting inflammation-related diseases. In this study, Jumonji C-domain-containing 6 (JMJD6) was identified by the serological identification of antigens through recombinant cDNA expression cloning. In particular, JMJD6 is an antigen recognized in serum IgG from patients with unstable angina pectoris (a cardiovascular disease). Then, the serum antibody levels were examined using an amplified luminescent proximity homogeneous assay-linked immunosorbent assay and a purified recombinant JMJD6 protein as an antigen. We observed elevated levels of serum anti-JMJD6 antibodies (s-JMJD6-Abs) in patients with inflammation-related diseases such as ischemic stroke, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), diabetes mellitus (DM), and cancers (including esophageal cancer, EC; gastric cancer; lung cancer; and mammary cancer), compared with the levels in healthy donors. The s-JMJD6-Ab levels were closely associated with some inflammation indicators, such as C-reactive protein and intima-media thickness (an atherosclerosis index). A better postoperative survival status of patients with EC was observed in the JMJD6-Ab-positive group than in the negative group. An immunohistochemical analysis showed that JMJD6 was highly expressed in the inflamed mucosa of esophageal tissues, esophageal carcinoma tissues, and atherosclerotic plaques. Hence, JMJD6 autoantibodies may reflect inflammation, thereby serving as a potential biomarker for diagnosing specific inflammation-related diseases, including stroke, AMI, DM, and cancers, and for prediction of the prognosis in patients with EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Shi Zhang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaaki Ito
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan (H.S.)
| | - Satoshi Yajima
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Mikiko Ohno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Nishi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Shu-Yang Li
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kubota
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Yoichi Yoshida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Tomoo Matsutani
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
| | - Seiichiro Mine
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Prefectural Sawara Hospital, Chiba 287-0003, Japan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290-0512, Japan
| | - Toshio Machida
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Chiba 290-0512, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Eastern Chiba Medical Center, Chiba 283-8686, Japan
| | - Minoru Takemoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamagata
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Aiko Hayashi
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Koutaro Yokote
- Department of Endocrinology, Hematology and Gerontology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kobayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Takizawa
- Port Square Kashiwado Clinic, Kashiwado Memorial Foundation, Chiba 260-0025, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kuroda
- Medical Project Division, Research Development Center, Fujikura Kasei Co., Saitama 340-0203, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimada
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan (H.S.)
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
| | - Takaki Hiwasa
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; (B.-S.Z.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan (H.S.)
- Comprehensive Stroke Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
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3
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Motawea KR, Elhalag RH, Rouzan SS, Talat NE, Reyad SM, Chébl P, Mohamed MS, Shah J. Cyclophilin C as a Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker of Coronary Artery Diseases. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101812. [PMID: 37209796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to investigate the value of Cyclophilin C as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in Coronary Artery Disease. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane library databases were searched. The inclusion criteria were any randomized control trials or controlled observational studies that measured the levels of Cyclophilin C in Coronary Artery disease patients and healthy controls. We excluded case reports, case series, reviews, editorials and animal studies. After search of the literature, 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis with a total number of 454 individuals included in the study. The pooled analysis showed a significant association between CAD group and increased levels of Cyclophilin C (MD = 28.94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 19.28-38.60, P-value < 0.00001). Subgroup analysis showed a significant association between acute and chronic CAD group with increased levels of cyclophilin c compared with the control group (MD = 35.98, 95% CI = 19.84-52.11, P-value < 0.0001) and (MD = 26.36, 95% CI = 21.87 to 30.85, P-value < 0.00001), respectively. The pooled effect estimate showed that the ROC area for the cyclophillin c as a diagnostic biomarker of CAD was (ROC= 0.880, 95% CI =0.844-0.917, P-value < 0.001). Our study revealed a significant association between acute and chronic coronary artery disease with increased levels of Cyclophilin C. Cyclophilin C could be used as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in acute and chronic CAD. More research is warranted to support our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam R Motawea
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rowan H Elhalag
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samah S Rouzan
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Sarraa M Reyad
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Pensée Chébl
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Jiang Y, Qian HY. Transcription factors: key regulatory targets of vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis. Mol Med 2023; 29:2. [PMID: 36604627 PMCID: PMC9817296 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00586-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), leading to gradual occlusion of the arterial lumen, refers to the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory debris in the arterial wall. Despite therapeutic advances over past decades including intervention or surgery, atherosclerosis is still the most common cause of cardiovascular diseases and the main mechanism of death and disability worldwide. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play an imperative role in the occurrence of atherosclerosis and throughout the whole stages. In the past, there was a lack of comprehensive understanding of VSMCs, but the development of identification technology, including in vivo single-cell sequencing technology and lineage tracing with the CreERT2-loxP system, suggests that VSMCs have remarkable plasticity and reevaluates well-established concepts about the contribution of VSMCs. Transcription factors, a kind of protein molecule that specifically recognizes and binds DNA upstream promoter regions or distal enhancer DNA elements, play a key role in the transcription initiation of the coding genes and are necessary for RNA polymerase to bind gene promoters. In this review, we highlight that, except for environmental factors, VSMC genes are transcriptionally regulated through complex interactions of multiple conserved cis-regulatory elements and transcription factors. In addition, through a series of transcription-related regulatory processes, VSMCs could undergo phenotypic transformation, proliferation, migration, calcification and apoptosis. Finally, enhancing or inhibiting transcription factors can regulate the development of atherosclerotic lesions, and the downstream molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation has also been widely studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Rd, Beijing, 100037 China
| | - Hai-Yan Qian
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839Center for Coronary Heart Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases of China, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 167 Beilishi Rd, Beijing, 100037 China
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5
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Kelesoglu S, Yilmaz Y, Elcik D, Bireciklioglu F, Ozdemir F, Balcı F, Tuncay A, Kalay N. Increased Serum Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index is Independently Associated With Severity of Carotid Artery Stenosis. Angiology 2022:33197221144934. [DOI: 10.1177/00033197221144934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated how the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) could be used to predict the likelihood of developing carotid artery stenosis (CAS), which can be seen using carotid artery angiography (CAAG). This study comprised 418 individuals who underwent CAAG for CAS. SII was calculated by multiplying the platelet count by the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR). The patients were divided into two groups: non-critical and critical CAS (stenosis below %70 and above ≥70%, respectively). Compared with the non-critical CAS, the critical CAS group had greater high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (4.5 [3.1-5.7] vs 3.9 [2-5] [mg/L], P < .001), NLR (4.1 [2.9-7.5] vs 2.9 [1.8-3.7], P < .001), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (233 [110-297] vs 119 [96-197], P < .001), and SII (860 [608-2455] vs 604 [458-740], P < .001). Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analysis demonstrated the best cutoff value of 672.3 for SII to predict the critical CAS with 71.2% sensitivity and 60.1% specificity. According to our study, an increase in SII is an independent predictor of the severity of CAS in patients undergoing CAAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saban Kelesoglu
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Yucel Yilmaz
- Department of Cardiology, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Deniz Elcik
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Bireciklioglu
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatma Ozdemir
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Fatih Balcı
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aydin Tuncay
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nihat Kalay
- Department of Cardiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
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6
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Zhang Y, Zhang H. Identification of Biomarkers of Autophagy-Related Genes Between Early and Advanced Carotid Atherosclerosis. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:5321-5334. [PMID: 35669594 PMCID: PMC9166959 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s350232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence demonstrates that autophagy is important in inhibiting inflammation and cholesterol efflux. It suggested the autophagy may be a treatment of atherosclerosis. Thus, we screened autophagy-related mRNA to explore their mechanism of scientific basis for early diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis. Methods The GSE28829 datasets were assessed to analyze differentially expressed genes by GEO2R. And autophagy-related hub genes were identified by HADb. The biological function of autophagy-related DEmRNAs was examined by Metascape. The construction of a protein–protein network was explored by String. Cytohubba was utilized to screen hub genes. Analysis of DEmiRNA-mRNA pairs was executed by DIANA microT-CDS database. Finally, correlation analysis was carried out to identify the relationship between DEARGs and clinical and prognostic factors. Results A number of 1087 DEGs and 19 autophagy-related DEmRNAs were identified in advanced carotid atherosclerotic plaque compared with the early. The biological function containing development and growth was enriched. Moreover, we screened the top hub nodes with the highest degrees. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are confirmed to participate in genesis and progression of atherosclerosis, so we further analyzed the miRNA–mRNA regulatory network genes with four hub genes to explore their potential mechanism in atherosclerosis. Then, we revealed co-expression of four key genes CTSB, ITGB1, CXCR4, TNFSF10 and autophagy-related genes. As for the clinical factors, hypertension factor showed higher expression of ITGB1. The probability of coronary heart disease factor was significantly increased with high expression of CTSB and CXCR4, as well as low expression of ITGB1 and TNFSF10. Diabetes factor tended to express distinguished levels of CTSB and ITGB1. TNFSF10 was highly expressed in both hyperlipidemia and ischemic stroke factor. Conclusion CTSB, ITGB1, CXCR4 and TNFSF10 may be critical in atherosclerosis development and were thought to be potential diagnostic biomarkers for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
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7
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Li RL, Wang LY, Liu S, Duan HX, Zhang Q, Zhang T, Peng W, Huang Y, Wu C. Natural Flavonoids Derived From Fruits Are Potential Agents Against Atherosclerosis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:862277. [PMID: 35399657 PMCID: PMC8987282 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.862277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, as a chronic inflammatory response, is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases. Atherosclerosis is induced by endothelial cell dysfunction, migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells, accumulation of foam cells and inflammatory response, resulting in plaque accumulation, narrowing and hardening of the artery wall, and ultimately leading to myocardial infarction or sudden death and other serious consequences. Flavonoid is a kind of natural polyphenol compound widely existing in fruits with various structures, mainly including flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavanols, anthocyanins, isoflavones, and chalcone, etc. Because of its potential health benefits, it is now used in supplements, cosmetics and medicines, and researchers are increasingly paying attention to its role in atherosclerosis. In this paper, we will focus on several important nodes in the development of atherosclerotic disease, including endothelial cell dysfunction, smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation, foam cell accumulation and inflammatory response. At the same time, through the classification of flavonoids from fruits, the role and potential mechanism of flavonoids in atherosclerosis were reviewed, providing a certain direction for the development of fruit flavonoids in the treatment of atherosclerosis drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Lan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuqin Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hu-Xinyue Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Peng,
| | - Yongliang Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Yongliang Huang,
| | - Chunjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Chunjie Wu,
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8
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Review of imaging biomarkers for the vulnerable carotid plaque. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:149-158. [PMID: 34617065 PMCID: PMC8489200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of carotid artery atherosclerosis is conventionally based on measurements of luminal stenosis. However, histopathologic studies demonstrate considerable differences between plaques with identical degrees of stenosis and indicate that certain plaque features are associated with increased risk for ischemic events. As a result of the rapid technological evolution in medical imaging, several important steps have been taken in the field of carotid plaque imaging allowing us to visualize the carotid atherosclerotic plaque and its composition in great detail. For computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound scan, evidence has accumulated on novel imaging-based markers that confer information on carotid plaque vulnerability, such as intraplaque hemorrhage and lipid-rich necrotic cores. In terms of the imaging-based identification of individuals at high risk of stroke, routine assessments of such imaging markers are the way forward for improving current clinical practice. The current review highlights the main characteristics of the vulnerable plaque indicating their role in the etiology of ischemic stroke as identified by intensive plaque imaging.
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9
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Zurek M, Aavik E, Mallick R, Ylä-Herttuala S. Epigenetic Regulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Switching in Atherosclerotic Artery Remodeling: A Mini-Review. Front Genet 2021; 12:719456. [PMID: 34422021 PMCID: PMC8375552 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.719456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by extensive remodeling of medium and large-sized arteries. Inward remodeling (=lumen shrinkage) of the vascular walls is the underlying cause for ischemia in target organs. Therefore, inward remodeling can be considered the predominant feature of atherosclerotic pathology. Outward remodeling (=lumen enlargement) is a physiological response compensating for lumen shrinkage caused by neointimal hyperplasia, but as a pathological response to changes in blood flow, outward remodeling leads to substantial arterial wall thinning. Thinned vascular walls are prone to rupture, and subsequent thrombus formation accounts for the majority of acute cardiovascular events. Pathological remodeling is driven by inflammatory cells which induce vascular smooth muscle cells to switch from quiescent to a proliferative and migratory phenotype. After decades of intensive research, the molecular mechanisms of arterial remodeling are starting to unfold. In this mini-review, we summarize the current knowledge of the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching from the contractile to the synthetic phenotype involved in arterial remodeling and discuss potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Zurek
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Einari Aavik
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rahul Mallick
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Seppo Ylä-Herttuala
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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10
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Barakat B, Almeida MEF. Biochemical and immunological changes in obesity. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 708:108951. [PMID: 34102165 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a syndemia that promotes high expenditures for public health, and is defined by the excess of adipose tissue that is classified according to its function and anatomical distribution. In obese people, this tissue generates oxidative stress associated with a chronic inflammatory response, in which there is an imbalance in relation to the release of hormones and adipokines that cause loss of body homeostasis and predisposition to the development of some comorbidities. The purpose of this review is to summarize the main events that occur during the onset and progression of obesity with a special focus on biochemical and immunological changes. Hypertrophied and hyperplasia adipocytes have biomarkers and release adipokines capable of regulating pathways and expressing genes that culminate in the development of metabolic changes, such as changes in energy balance and intestinal microbiota, and the development of some comorbidities, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemias, arterial hypertension, liver disease, cancer, allergies, osteoporosis, sarcopenia and obstructive sleep apnea. Thus, it is necessary to treat and/or prevent pathology, using traditional methods based on healthy eating, and regular physical and leisure activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Barakat
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Martha E F Almeida
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Rio Paranaíba Campus, Rio Paranaíba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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11
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Alloza I, Salegi A, Mena J, Navarro RT, Martin C, Aspichueta P, Salazar LM, Carpio JU, Cagigal PDLH, Vega R, Triviño JC, Freijo MDM, Vandenbroeck K. BIRC6 Is Associated with Vulnerability of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249387. [PMID: 33317170 PMCID: PMC7763522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerotic plaque rupture can lead to cerebrovascular accident (CVA). By comparing RNA-Seq data from vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) extracted from carotid atheroma surgically excised from a group of asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects, we identified more than 700 genomic variants associated with symptomatology (p < 0.05). From these, twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected for further validation. Comparing genotypes of a hospital-based cohort of asymptomatic with symptomatic patients, an exonic SNP in the BIRC6 (BRUCE/Apollon) gene, rs35286811, emerged as significantly associated with CVA symptomatology (p = 0.002; OR = 2.24). Moreover, BIRC6 mRNA levels were significantly higher in symptomatic than asymptomatic subjects upon measurement by qPCR in excised carotid atherosclerotic tissue (p < 0.0001), and significantly higher in carriers of the rs35286811 risk allele (p < 0.0001). rs35286811 is a proxy of a GWAS SNP reported to be associated with red cell distribution width (RDW); RDW was increased in symptomatic patients (p < 0.03), but was not influenced by the rs35286811 genotype in our cohort. BIRC6 is a negative regulator of both apoptosis and autophagy. This work introduces BIRC6 as a novel genetic risk factor for stroke, and identifies autophagy as a genetically regulated mechanism of carotid plaque vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraide Alloza
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.); (R.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Andrea Salegi
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.); (R.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Jorge Mena
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.); (R.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Raquel Tulloch Navarro
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.); (R.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - César Martin
- Biofisika Institute (UPV/EHU, CSIC), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
| | - Patricia Aspichueta
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain;
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Lucía Martínez Salazar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Osakidetza, Bilbao-Basurto IHO, Basurto University Hospital, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (L.M.S.); (J.U.C.); (P.D.-l.-H.C.)
| | - Jon Uriarte Carpio
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Osakidetza, Bilbao-Basurto IHO, Basurto University Hospital, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (L.M.S.); (J.U.C.); (P.D.-l.-H.C.)
| | - Patricia De-la-Hera Cagigal
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Osakidetza, Bilbao-Basurto IHO, Basurto University Hospital, 48013 Bilbao, Spain; (L.M.S.); (J.U.C.); (P.D.-l.-H.C.)
| | - Reyes Vega
- Neurovascular Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (R.V.); (M.d.M.F.)
| | | | - Maria del Mar Freijo
- Neurovascular Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (R.V.); (M.d.M.F.)
| | - Koen Vandenbroeck
- Inflammation & Biomarkers Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain; (I.A.); (A.S.); (J.M.); (R.T.N.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Correspondence:
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12
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Bayon J, Alfonso A, Gegunde S, Alonso E, Alvarino R, Santas-Alvarez M, Testa-Fernandez A, Rios-Vazquez R, Botana L, Gonzalez-Juanatey C. Cyclophilins in Ischemic Heart Disease: Differences Between Acute and Chronic Coronary Artery Disease Patients. Cardiol Res 2020; 11:319-327. [PMID: 32849967 PMCID: PMC7430890 DOI: 10.14740/cr1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cyclophilins (Cyps) are a family of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases consistently involved in cardiovascular diseases through the inflammation pathway. This study aims to investigate the serum levels of Cyps (CypA, CypB, CypC and CypD) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and the correlation with clinical characteristics and inflammation parameters. Methods We developed an observational prospective study with a total of 125 subjects: 40 patients with acute CAD, 40 patients with chronic CAD and 45 control volunteers, in whom serum levels of Cyps (CypA, CypB, CypC and CypD), interleukins and metalloproteinases were measured. Results CypA levels increased significantly in CAD patients compared with control subjects, but no differences were noted between acute CAD (7.80 ± 1.30 ng/mL) and chronic CAD (5.52 ± 0.76 ng/mL) patients (P = 0.13). No differences in CypB and CypD levels were showed between CAD patients and controls and between acute CAD and chronic CAD patients. In relation with CypC, the levels in CAD patients were significantly higher compared to controls (32.42 ± 3.71 pg/mL vs. 9.38 ± 1.51 pg/mL, P < 0.001), but no differences between acute and chronic CAD groups were obtained (P = 0.62). We analyzed the CypC > 17.5 pg/mL cut-off point, and it was significantly associated with older age, hypertension, dyslipidemia and more extensive CAD in acute and chronic CAD groups. Conclusions CypA and CypC levels are increased in CAD patients. High CypC serum levels could be a novel biomarker in CAD patients correlating with a more severe disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremias Bayon
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, c/Ulises Romero n°1, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Amparo Alfonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Gegunde
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Eva Alonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain.,Fundacion Instituto de Investigacion Sanitario Santiago de Compostela (FIDIS), Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvarino
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Melisa Santas-Alvarez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, c/Ulises Romero n°1, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Ana Testa-Fernandez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, c/Ulises Romero n°1, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramon Rios-Vazquez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, c/Ulises Romero n°1, 27003 Lugo, Spain
| | - Luis Botana
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Avenida Carballo Calero s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Carlos Gonzalez-Juanatey
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, c/Ulises Romero n°1, 27003 Lugo, Spain
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Song Z, Li H, Liang J, Xu Y, Zhu L, Ye X, Wu J, Li W, Xiong Q, Li S. Sulfated polysaccharide from Undaria pinnatifida stabilizes the atherosclerotic plaque via enhancing the dominance of the stabilizing components. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:621-630. [PMID: 31445148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the stable effect and mechanism of sulfated polysaccharide from Undaria pinnatifida (SPUP) on atherosclerotic plaque. The results showed that atherosclerotic plaques in the ApoE-/- mice of high-fat diet model group increased significantly without drug intervention. The content of vulnerable components (lipid, inflammatory macrophage) increased significantly, and the content of stability components (smooth muscle cell, collagen) reduced significantly. However, it could find that atherosclerotic plaque areas were decreased in a dose-dependent manner after SPUP intervention. SPUP could enhance the dominance of the stability components in plaque, and reduce the content of vulnerable component. Furthermore, SPUP could significantly reduce the matrix metalloprotein-9 content in atherosclerotic plaque. These results suggested that SPUP could stabilize atherosclerotic plaque by enhancing the dominance of the stability components content, reducing the vulnerability components content, and lowering the vulnerability index value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoyue Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Hailun Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223002, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jian Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yingtao Xu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264199, Shangdong, PR China
| | - Lijun Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xianying Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yantai 264199, Shangdong, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingping Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Shijie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Mathematical Engineering Academy of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Development and Research of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, PR China.
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14
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Alfonso A, Bayón J, Gegunde S, Alonso E, Alvariño R, Santás-Álvarez M, Testa-Fernández A, Rios-Vázquez R, González-Juanatey C, Botana LM. High Serum Cyclophilin C levels as a risk factor marker for Coronary Artery Disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10576. [PMID: 31332225 PMCID: PMC6646393 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46988-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilins (Cyps) are ubiquitous proteins that belong to the immunophilins family consistently associated with inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. While levels of CypA have been extensively studied, less data are available for other Cyps. The purpose of this case-control study was to determine the relationship of Cyps (A, B, C and D) with coronary artery disease (CAD) and eight inflammation markers. Serum levels of Cyps, interleukins and metalloproteinases were measured in serum collected from 84 subjects. Participants were divided into two sub-groups based on CAD diagnosis: 40 CAD patients and 44 control volunteers. Serum levels of CypA, CypB and CypC, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly higher in CAD patients. Bivariate correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between Cyps and several blood and biochemical parameters. When the ability of Cyps levels for CAD diagnosis was evaluated, higher sensitivity and selectivity values were obtained with CypC (c-statistic 0.891, p < 0.001) indicating that it is a good marker of CAD disease, while less conclusive results were obtained with CypA (c-statistic 0.748, p < 0.001) and CypB (c-statistic 0.655, p < 0.014). In addition, significant correlations of traditional CAD risk factors and CypC were observed. In summary, high levels of CypC are a risk factor for CAD and therefore it can be proposed as a new biomarker for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amparo Alfonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Jeremías Bayón
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Sandra Gegunde
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Eva Alonso
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | - Rebeca Alvariño
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Ana Testa-Fernández
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | - Ramón Rios-Vázquez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, 27003, Lugo, Spain
| | | | - Luis M Botana
- Pharmacology Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 27002, Lugo, Spain
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15
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Taneja G, Sud A, Pendse N, Panigrahi B, Kumar A, Sharma AK. Nano-medicine and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction: Options and Delivery Strategies. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 19:1-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-018-9491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Xu Y, Xu J, Ge K, Tian Q, Zhao P, Guo Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of low molecular weight fucoidan from Saccharina japonica on atherosclerosis in apoE-knockout mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 118:365-374. [PMID: 29906534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the key cause of many cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The inflammatory response and lipid metabolism disorders contribute to the development and progression of AS. This work aims to study the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) obtained from Saccharina japonica on atherosclerosis in apoE-knockout mice. The experimental results showed that LMWF statistically decreased the levels of triglyceride (TRIG) and oxidative low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL) and stabilized established atherosclerotic lesions. LMWF ameliorated the inflammatory response by down regulating IL-6 and by up regulating IL-10 transcriptional levels, and LMWF returned p-JNK and cyclin D1 to normal levels. Moreover, LMWF increased the mRNA level of CD11b in the aorta and suppressed the expression of CD11b in the intimal layer of the aorta. Therefore, LMWF prevented macrophages from developing into foam cells and prevented SMCs from migrating into the intimal layer of the aorta, which inhibited the formation of atherosclerotic plaques; and ameliorated the occurrence and development of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Xu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Keli Ge
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qingwu Tian
- Clinical laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Clinical laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yunliang Guo
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Luque MCA, Galuppo MK, Capelli-Peixoto J, Stolf BS. CD100 Effects in Macrophages and Its Roles in Atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:136. [PMID: 30324109 PMCID: PMC6173139 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
CD100 or Sema4D is a protein from the semaphorin family with important roles in the vascular, nervous and immune systems. It may be found as a membrane bound dimer or as a soluble molecule originated by proteolytic cleavage. Produced by the majority of hematopoietic cells including B and T lymphocytes, natural killer and myeloid cells, as well as endothelial cells, CD100 exerts its actions by binding to different receptors depending on the cell type and on the organism. Cell-to-cell adhesion, angiogenesis, phagocytosis, T cell priming, and antibody production are examples of the many functions of this molecule. Of note, high CD100 serum levels has been found in inflammatory as well as in infectious diseases, but the roles of the protein in the pathogenesis of these diseases has still to be clarified. Macrophages are highly heterogeneous cells present in almost all tissues, which may change their functions in response to microenvironmental conditions. They are key players in the innate and adaptive immune responses and have decisive roles in sterile conditions but also in several diseases such as atherosclerosis, autoimmunity, tumorigenesis, and antitumor responses, among others. Although it is known that macrophages express CD100 and its receptors, few studies have focused on the role of this semaphorin in this cell type or in macrophage-associated diseases. The aim of this review is to critically revise the available data about CD100 and atherosclerosis, with special emphasis on its roles in macrophages and monocytes. We will also describe the few available data on treatments with anti-CD100 antibodies in different diseases. We hope that this review stimulates future studies on the effects of such an important molecule in a cell type with decisive roles in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C A Luque
- Heart Institute, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liu H, Li X, Song Y, Wang Z. MicroRNA-217 attenuates intima-media complex thickness of ascending aorta measured by ultrasound bio-microscopy and inhibits inflammation and lipid metabolism in atherosclerotic models of ApoE -/- mice. Lipids Health Dis 2018; 17:170. [PMID: 30041636 PMCID: PMC6058357 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-018-0825-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little investigation was done to test the efficiency of microRNA-217 (miR-217) on atherosclerosis in vivo. Methods ApoE−/− mice were used to construct atherosclerotic models and ultrasound bio-microscopy (UBM) was applied to detect the intima–media thickness (IMT) of the ascending aorta. The serum level of miR-217 and correlation with IMT was investigated. After miR-217 mimic administration, the IMT, inflammation, and lipid-associated molecules were assayed. Results The serum level of miR-217 was reduced in ApoE−/− mice and showed a negative correlation with the IMT of the ascending aorta (r2 = 0.5899, p < 0.0001). miR-217 mimic administration attenuated IMT and down-regulated the level of serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), while it could up-regulate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Inflammation relevant genes, such as F4/80, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, and lipid metabolism associated gene, such as LDL receptor, class A scavenger receptors (SR-A), scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI), CD36, ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 (ABCA1), and ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1) in the aorta were significantly down-regulated in miR-217 group when compared with atherosclerosis group. Conclusion miR-217 could down-regulate IMT and modulate the inflammation and lipid metabolism process, which indicates that miR-217 could be a potential treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haina Liu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, No.1 Jiaozhou Road, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Yanpeng Song
- Department of Ultrasonography, Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao, No.29 Xuzhou Road, Jiaozhou, 266300, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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