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An J, Wang C, Jian S, Gang Y, Wen C, Hu B. Construction of wound repair model and function of recombinant TIMP from Hyriopsis cumingii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:533-541. [PMID: 34737132 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteinase tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) have the activity of inhibiting matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which can promote cell growth, bind to the matrix, inhibit angiogenesis, and play a key role in extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism regulation. In this study, TIMP-1, 2 from Hyriopsis cumingii (designated as HcTIMP-1, 2) were cloned and identified. Full-length cDNA of HcTIMP-1, 2 was 1160 bp and 729 bp, encoding 235 and 150 amino acid residues, respectively. The predicted molecular weight of HcTIMP-1 and 2 protein was 27.26 and 16.58 kDa, with isoelectric points of 8.89 and 8.72, respectively. HcTIMP-2 contained only one netrin (NTR) domain at the N-terminal but lacked a C-terminal domain. The mRNA of HcTIMP-1, 2 was expressed in hepatopancreas, gills, muscles, hemocytes, and mantles, which had the highest expression in hemocytes and muscles. The expression of HcTIMP-1, 2 had increased remarkably in hemocytes after bacterial challenge. After trauma, HcTIMP-1, 2 genes had the highest expression level in the first day. This indicated that HcTIMP-1 and 2 were involved in the immune response of H. cumingii. The soluble recombinant proteins HcTIMP-1, 2 were expressed efficiently in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by constructing pET32a-TIMP1, 2 recombinant plasmids. The concentration of the recombinant was 0.14 and 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. The recombinant HcTIMP-1, 2 proteins were shown to inhibit human MMP2 activity and promoted the growth of NBL-7 and HUVE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua An
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chengli Wang
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shaoqing Jian
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yang Gang
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Chungen Wen
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Baoqing Hu
- College of Life Science, Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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2
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Renaud L, Agarwal N, Richards DJ, Falcinelli S, Hazard ES, Carnevali O, Hyde J, Hardiman G. Transcriptomic analysis of short-term 17α-ethynylestradiol exposure in two Californian sentinel fish species sardine (Sardinops sagax) and mackerel (Scomber japonicus). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:926-937. [PMID: 30469287 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are substances which disrupt normal functioning of the endocrine system by interfering with hormone regulated physiological pathways. Aquatic environments provide the ultimate reservoir for many EDCs as they enter rivers and the ocean via effluent discharges and accumulate in sediments. One EDC widely dispersed in municipal wastewater effluent discharges is 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), which is one of the most widely prescribed medicines. EE2 is a bio-active estrogen employed in the majority of oral contraceptive pill formulations. As evidence of the health risks posed by EDCs mount, there is an urgent need to improve diagnostic tools for monitoring the effects of pollutants. As the cost of high throughput sequencing (HTS) diminishes, transcriptional profiling of an organism in response to EDC perturbation presents a cost-effective way of screening a wide range of endocrine responses. Coastal pelagic filter feeding fish species analyzed using HTS provide an excellent tool for EDC risk assessment in the marine environment. Unfortunately, there are limited genome sequence data and annotation for many of these species including Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) and chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus), which limits the utility of molecular tools such as HTS to interrogate the effects of endocrine disruption. In this study, we carried out RNA sequencing (RNAseq) of liver RNA harvested from wild sardine and mackerel exposed for 5 h under laboratory conditions to a concentration of 12.5 pM EE2 in the tank water. We developed an analytical framework for transcriptomic analyses of species with limited genomic information. EE2 exposure altered expression patterns of key genes involved in important metabolic and physiological processes. The systems approach presented here provides a powerful tool for obtaining a comprehensive picture of endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludivine Renaud
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Nisha Agarwal
- Biomedical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Silvia Falcinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica della Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - E Starr Hazard
- MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Academic Affairs Faculty & Computational Biology Resource Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Oliana Carnevali
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica della Marche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - John Hyde
- NOAA Fisheries, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gary Hardiman
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Biomedical Informatics Research Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, USA; MUSC Bioinformatics, Center for Genomics Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Laboratory for Marine Systems Biology, Hollings Marine Laboratory, Charleston, SC, USA; School of Biological Sciences & Institute for Global Food Security, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, UK.
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3
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Nam GH, Mishra A, Gim JA, Lee HE, Jo A, Yoon D, Kim A, Kim WJ, Ahn K, Kim DH, Kim S, Cha HJ, Choi YH, Park CI, Kim HS. Gene expression profiles alteration after infection of virus, bacteria, and parasite in the Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Sci Rep 2018; 8:18065. [PMID: 30584247 PMCID: PMC6305387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36342-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) is one of economically valuable fish species in the East Asia. In comparison with its economic importance, available genomic information of the olive flounder is very limited. The mass mortality caused by variety of pathogens (virus, bacteria and parasites) is main problem in aquaculture industry, including in olive flounder culture. In this study, we carried out transcriptome analysis using the olive flounder gill tissues after infection of three types of pathogens (Virus; Viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus, Bacteria; Streptococcus parauberis, and Parasite; Miamiensis avidus), respectively. As a result, we identified total 12,415 differentially expressed genes (DEG) from viral infection, 1,754 from bacterial infection, and 795 from parasite infection, respectively. To investigate the effects of pathogenic infection on immune response, we analyzed Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis with DEGs and sorted immune-related GO terms per three pathogen groups. Especially, we verified various GO terms, and genes in these terms showed down-regulated expression pattern. In addition, we identified 67 common genes (10 up-regulated and 57 down-regulated) present in three pathogen infection groups. Our goals are to provide plenty of genomic knowledge about olive flounder transcripts for further research and report genes, which were changed in their expression after specific pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyu-Hwi Nam
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Anshuman Mishra
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Center for Convergence Approaches in Drug Development (CCADD), Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Eun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ara Jo
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahran Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Biotechnology Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 216 Gijanghaean-ro, Gijang-eup, Gijang-gun, Busan, 46083, Republic of Korea
| | - Kung Ahn
- Theragen ETEX Bio Institute, Suwon, 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Hyung Kim
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Suhkmann Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Proteome Biophysics and Chemistry Institute for Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jae Cha
- Department of Parasitology and Genetics, Kosin University College of Medicine, Busan, 49267, Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongeui University, Busan, 47227, Korea
| | - Chan-Il Park
- Department of Marine Biology and Aquaculture, College of Marine Science, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, 53064, Korea
| | - Heui-Soo Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Systems Biology, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Oh H, Kim CY, Ryu B, Kim U, Kim J, Lee JM, Lee BH, Moon J, Jung CR, Park JH. Respiratory Toxicity of Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Exposure in Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2018; 15:460-472. [PMID: 30133415 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Humidifier disinfectants containing polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-P) can induce pulmonary toxicity and has caused human casualties in South Korea since 2006. Thereby, the safety evaluation of household chemicals such as PHMG-P has garnered increased importance. However, many limitations, such as the lack of specialized facilities and animal welfare concerns associated with the use of murine models, persist. Zebrafish gills have high functional and structural similarity to mammalian lungs. Moreover, zebrafish are sensitive to toxic substances, resulting in changes in behavioral or ventilatory patterns. Based on these facts, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the pulmonary toxicity of PHMG-P in zebrafish. Zebrafish exposed to PHMG-P showed an increase in mRNA levels of inflammatory factors persisting for 28 days along with histopathologic changes in the gills. An exposure time-dependent alteration in infiltration of inflammatory cells and destruction of gill lamellae was observed. In addition, an increase in mRNA levels of fibrosis factors was observed in gills exposed to PHMG-P for 28 days, as assessed by collagen staining with Masson's trichrome. These results supported the cellular level results. Taken together, our results reveal pulmonary toxic effects of PHMG-P and suggest useful markers for evaluating pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanseul Oh
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - C-Yoon Kim
- 2 Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyeong Ryu
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ukjin Kim
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Min Lee
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- 3 National Institute of Biological Resources , Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisook Moon
- 4 Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, CHA University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho-Rok Jung
- 5 Gene Therapy Research Unit, KRIBB , Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- 1 Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University , Seoul, Republic of Korea
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5
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Lu J, Tang M, Zhang T. Review of toxicological effect of quantum dots on the liver. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 39:72-86. [PMID: 30091143 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, quantum dots (QDs) have potential applications in technology, research and medicine. The small particle size is coupled to their unique chemical and physical properties and their excellent fluorescence characteristics. A growing number of studies have shown that QDs are distributed to secondary organs through multiple pathways, while the liver is the main reservoir of QDs. Here, we review current liver toxicity studies of QDs in vivo and in vitro. Mechanisms of hepatotoxicity are discussed and the problem of extrapolating knowledge gained from cell-based studies into animal studies is highlighted. In this context, there still exists significant discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo results, and the specific toxicity mechanism remains unclear. The hepatotoxicities of QDs are the need for a unifying protocol for reliable and realistic toxicity reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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6
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Schrama D, Richard N, Silva TS, Figueiredo FA, Conceição LEC, Burchmore R, Eckersall D, Rodrigues PML. Enhanced dietary formulation to mitigate winter thermal stress in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata): a 2D-DIGE plasma proteome study. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:603-617. [PMID: 27882445 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0315-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Low water temperatures during winter are common in farming of gilthead sea bream in the Mediterranean. This causes metabolic disorders that in extreme cases can lead to a syndrome called "winter disease." An improved immunostimulatory nutritional status might mitigate the effects of this thermal metabolic stress. A trial was set up to assess the effects of two different diets on gilthead sea bream physiology and nutritional state through plasma proteome and metabolites. Four groups of 25 adult gilthead sea bream were reared during winter months, being fed either with a control diet (CTRL) or with a diet called "winter feed" (WF). Proteome results show a slightly higher number of proteins upregulated in plasma of fish fed the WF. These proteins are mostly involved in the immune system and cell protection mechanisms. Lipid metabolism was also affected, as shown both by plasma proteome and by the cholesterol plasma levels. Overall, the winter feed diet tested seems to have positive effects in terms of fish condition and nutritional status, reducing the metabolic effects of thermal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Schrama
- CCMAR, Center of Marine Science, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Nadège Richard
- CCMAR, Center of Marine Science, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Tomé S Silva
- SPAROS, Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Filipe A Figueiredo
- CCMAR, Center of Marine Science, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luís E C Conceição
- SPAROS, Lda, Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221, Olhão, Portugal
| | - Richard Burchmore
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation and Glasgow Polyomics, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - David Eckersall
- Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Pedro M L Rodrigues
- CCMAR, Center of Marine Science, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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7
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Schmidt JG, Andersen EW, Ersbøll BK, Nielsen ME. Muscle wound healing in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 48:273-284. [PMID: 26702558 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We followed the progression of healing of deep excisional biopsy punch wounds over the course of 365 days in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by monitoring visual wound healing and gene expression in the healing muscle at regular intervals (1, 3, 7, 14, 38 and 100 days post-wounding). In addition, we performed muscle texture analysis one year after wound infliction. The selected genes have all previously been investigated in relation to vertebrate wound healing, but only few specifically in fish. The selected genes were interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and -β3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -9 and -13, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), fibronectin (FN), tenascin-C (TN-C), prolyl 4-hydroxylase α1-chain (P4Hα1), lysyl oxidase (LOX), collagen type I α1-chain (ColIα1), CD41 and CD163. Wound healing progressed slowly in the presented study, which is at least partially due to the low temperature of about 8.5 °C during the first 100 days. The inflammation phase lasted more than 14 days, and the genes relating to production and remodeling of new extracellular matrix (ECM) exhibited a delayed but prolonged upregulation starting 1-2 weeks post-wounding and lasting until at least 100 days post-wounding. The gene expression patterns and histology reveal limited capacity for muscle regeneration in rainbow trout, and muscle texture analyses one year after wound infliction confirm that wounds heal with fibrosis. At 100 dpw epidermis had fully regenerated, and dermis partially regenerated. Scales had not regenerated even after one year. CD163 is a marker of "wound healing"-type M2c macrophages in mammals. M2 macrophage markers are as yet poorly described in fish. The pattern of CD163 expression in the present study is consistent with the expected timing of presence of M2c macrophages in the wound. CD163 may thus potentially prove a valuable marker of M2 macrophages - or a subset hereof - in fish. We subjected a group of fish to bathing in an immunomodulatory β-glucan product during wound healing, but found this to have very limited effect on wound healing in contrast to a previously published study on common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Schmidt
- Laboratory of Aquatic Pathobiology, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Stigbøjlen 7, DK-1970 Frederiksberg, Denmark.
| | - E W Andersen
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Statistics and Data Analysis, Matematiktorvet, Building 324, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - B K Ersbøll
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Statistics and Data Analysis, Matematiktorvet, Building 324, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - M E Nielsen
- Leo Pharma A/S, Industriparken 55, DK-2750 Ballerup, Denmark
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8
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Serban AI, Stanca L, Sima C, Staicu AC, Zarnescu O, Dinischiotu A. Complex responses to Si quantum dots accumulation in carp liver tissue: Beyond oxidative stress. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 239:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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9
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Pedersen ME, Vuong TT, Rønning SB, Kolset SO. Matrix metalloproteinases in fish biology and matrix turnover. Matrix Biol 2015; 44-46:86-93. [PMID: 25617492 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases have important functions for tissue turnover in fish, with relevance both for the fish industry and molecular and cellular research on embryology, inflammation and tissue repair. These metalloproteinases have been studied in different fish types, subjected to both aquaculture and experimental conditions. This review highlights studies on these metalloproteinases in relation to both fish quality and health and further, the future importance of fish for basic research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Svein O Kolset
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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10
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Song Y, Salbu B, Teien HC, Heier LS, Rosseland BO, Tollefsen KE. Dose-dependent hepatic transcriptional responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed to sublethal doses of gamma radiation. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 156:52-64. [PMID: 25146236 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the production of free radicals, gamma radiation may pose a hazard to living organisms. The high-dose radiation effects have been extensively studied, whereas the ecotoxicity data on low-dose gamma radiation is still limited. The present study was therefore performed using Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to characterize effects of low-dose (15, 70 and 280 mGy) gamma radiation after short-term (48h) exposure. Global transcriptional changes were studied using a combination of high-density oligonucleotide microarrays and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs; in this article the phrase gene expression is taken as a synonym of gene transcription, although it is acknowledged that gene expression can also be regulated, e.g., at protein stability and translational level) were determined and linked to their biological meanings predicted using both Gene Ontology (GO) and mammalian ortholog-based functional analyses. The plasma glucose level was also measured as a general stress biomarker at the organism level. Results from the microarray analysis revealed a dose-dependent pattern of global transcriptional responses, with 222, 495 and 909 DEGs regulated by 15, 70 and 280 mGy gamma radiation, respectively. Among these DEGs, only 34 were commonly regulated by all radiation doses, whereas the majority of differences were dose-specific. No GO functions were identified at low or medium doses, but repression of DEGs associated with GO functions such as DNA replication, cell cycle regulation and response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed after 280mGy gamma exposure. Ortholog-based toxicity pathway analysis further showed that 15mGy radiation affected DEGs associated with cellular signaling and immune response; 70mGy radiation affected cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair, cellular energy production; and 280mGy radiation affected pathways related to cell cycle regulation and DNA repair, mitochondrial dysfunction and immune functions. Twelve genes representative of key pathways found in this study were verified by qPCR. Potential common MoAs of low-dose gamma radiation may include induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and disturbance of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Although common MoAs were proposed, a number of DEGs and pathways were still found to be dose-specific, potentially indicating multiple mechanisms of action (MOAs) of low-dose gamma radiation in fish. In addition, plasma glucose displayed an apparent increase with increasing radiation doses, although the results were not significantly different from the control. These findings suggested that sublethal doses of gamma radiation may cause dose-dependent transcriptional changes in the liver of Atlantic salmon after short-term exposure. The current study predicted multiple MoA for gamma radiation and may aid future impact assessment of environmental radioactivity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Song
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Brit Salbu
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Hans-Christian Teien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Lene Sørlie Heier
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Bjørn Olav Rosseland
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Knut Erik Tollefsen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Faculty of Environmental Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Sciences (IMV), Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD), P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 Ås, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway
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11
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Lo JH, Lin CM, Chen MJ, Chen TT. Altered gene expression patterns of innate and adaptive immunity pathways in transgenic rainbow trout harboring Cecropin P1 transgene. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:887. [PMID: 25306446 PMCID: PMC4201688 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We have recently developed several homozygous families of transgenic rainbow trout harbouring cecropin P1 transgene. These fish exhibit resistance characteristic to infection by Aeromonas salmonicida and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). In our earlier studies we have reported that treatment of a rainbow trout macrophage cell line (RTS11) with a linear cationic α-helical antimicrobial peptide (e.g., cecropin B) resulted in elevated levels of expression of two pro-inflammatory relevant genes (e.g., IL-1β and COX-2). Therefore, we hypothesized that in addition to the direct antimicrobial activity of cecropin P1 in the disease resistant transgenic rainbow trout, this antimicrobial peptide may also affect the expression of immune relevant genes in the host. To confirm this hypothesis, we launched a study to determine the global gene expression profiles in three immune competent organs of cecropin P1 transgenic rainbow trout by using a 44k salmonid microarray. Results From the microarray data, a total of 2480 genes in the spleen, 3022 in the kidney, and 2102 in the liver were determined as differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the cecropin P1 transgenic rainbow trout when compared to the non-transgenics. There were 478 DEGs in common among three tissues. Enrichment analyses conducted by two different bioinformatics tools revealed a tissue specific profile of functional pathway perturbation. Many of them were directly related to innate immune system such as phagocytosis, lysosomal processing, complement activation, antigen processing/presentation, and leukocyte migration. Perturbation of other biological functions that might contribute indirectly to host immunity was also observed. Conclusions The gene product of cecropin P1 transgene produced in the disease resistant transgenic rainbow trout not only can kill the pathogens directly but also exert multifaceted immunomodulatory properties to boost host immunity. The identified genes involved in different pathways related to immune function are valuable indicators associated with enhanced host immunity. These genes may serve as markers for selective breeding of rainbow trout or other aquaculture important fish species bearing traits of disease resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-887) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Thomas T Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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Castillo-Briceno P, Kodjabachian L. Xenopus embryonic epidermis as a mucociliary cellular ecosystem to assess the effect of sex hormones in a non-reproductive context. Front Zool 2014; 11:9. [PMID: 24502321 PMCID: PMC4015847 DOI: 10.1186/1742-9994-11-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background How important are sexual hormones beyond their function in reproductive biology has yet to be understood. In this study, we analyzed the effects of sex steroids on the biology of the embryonic amphibian epidermis, which represents an easily amenable model of non-reproductive mucociliary epithelia (MCE). MCE are integrated systems formed by multiciliated (MC), mucus-secreting (MS) and mitochondrion-rich (MR) cell populations that are shaped by their microenvironment. Therefore, MCE could be considered as ecosystems at the cellular scale, found in a wide array of contexts from mussel gills to mammalian oviduct. Results We showed that the natural estrogen (estradiol, E2) and androgen (testosterone, T) as well as the synthetic estrogen (ethinyl-estradiol, EE2), all induced a significant enhancement of MC cell numbers. The effect of E2, T and EE2 extended to the MS and MR cell populations, to varying degrees. They also modified the expression profile of RNA MCE markers, and induced a range of “non-typical” cellular phenotypes, with mixed identities and aberrant morphologies, as revealed by imaging analysis through biomarker confocal detection and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, these hormones also affected tadpole pigmentation, revealing an effect on the entire cellular ecosystem of the Xenopus embryonic skin. Conclusions This study reveals the impact in vivo, at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels, of sex steroids on non-reproductive mucociliary epithelium biogenesis, and validates the use of Xenopus as a relevant model system in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castillo-Briceno
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 7288, IBDM, Campus de Luminy Case 907, 13288 Marseille Cedex 9, France.
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Schmidt JG, Nielsen ME. Expression of immune system-related genes during ontogeny in experimentally wounded common carp (Cyprinus carpio) larvae and juveniles. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 42:186-196. [PMID: 24064235 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of full-thickness incisional wounding on expression of genes related to the immune system in larvae and juveniles of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The wounds were inflicted by needle puncture immediately below the anterior part of the dorsal fin on days 7, 14, 28 and 49 after fertilization. We followed the local gene expression 1, 3 and 7 days after wounding by removing head and viscera before extracting RNA from the remaining part of the fish, including the wound area. In addition, we visually followed wound healing. Overall the wounds had regenerated to a point where they were microscopically indistinguishable from normal tissue by day 3 post-wounding in all but the juvenile carp wounded on day 49 post-fertilization. In these juveniles the wounded area was still visible even 7 days post-wounding. On the transcriptional level a very limited response was observed in the investigated genes as a result of the wounding. HSP70 was downregulated 1 and 3 days post-wounding in the smallest larvae. However, HSP70 was differentially expressed at different time-points in a similar manner in wounded and mock-wounded groups, thus suggesting a stress effect of the handling, which may have overshadowed some transcriptional effects of the wounding. MMP-9, TGF-β1 and IgZ1 were slightly but significantly upregulated at few time-points, while no effect of wounding was detected on the expression of IgM, C3, IL-1β and IL-6 family member M17.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Schmidt
- Technical University of Denmark, National Food Institute, Biological Quality Research Group, Division of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, Building FG, 2860 Søborg, Denmark
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14
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Castillo-Briceño P, Aguila-Martínez S, Liarte S, García Alcázar A, Meseguer J, Mulero V, García-Ayala A. In situ forming microparticle implants for delivery of sex steroids in fish: Modulation of the immune response of gilthead seabream by testosterone. Steroids 2013; 78:26-33. [PMID: 23127815 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Revised: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Current knowledge on the sensitivity of marine fish to androgenic environmental chemicals is limited, despite the growing interest in the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals. To study in vivo the effects of testosterone (T) on the fish immune response, we used a microencapsulation implant technique, the in situ forming microparticle system, containing 1 mg T/kg body weight (T-ISM), in adult specimens of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.), a species of great economic interest. We demonstrated that implants themselves (without T) have no significant effect on most of the parameters measured. In T-ISM implanted fish, T serum levels reached supraphysiological concentrations accompanied by a slight increase in 11-ketotestosterone and 17β-estradiol levels 21 days post-implantation (dpi). Liver and head-kidney samples were processed 7 and 21 dpi to assess T-ISM effect on (i) the mRNA expression of genes involved in the metabolism of steroid hormones and in the immune response, and (ii) phagocyte activities. The expression profile of cytokines, chemokines and immune receptors was altered in T-ISM implanted animals that showed an early pro-inflammatory tendency, and then, a mixed pro-/anti-inflammatory activation during longer exposure. Furthermore, the enhancement of phagocytic activity and the production of reactive oxygen species by leukocytes 21 dpi in T-ISM implanted specimens suggest fine modulation of the innate immune response by T. Taken together, these data demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of using ISM implants in an aquatic species, and provide new data on the role played by T on the immune response in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Castillo-Briceño
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Xu XY, Shen YB, Yang XM, Li JL. Cloning and characterization of TIMP-2b gene in grass carp. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2011; 159:115-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2010] [Revised: 02/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Lovy J, Goodwin AE, Speare DJ, Wadowska DW, Wright GM. Histochemical and ultrastructural analysis of pathology and cell responses in gills of channel catfish affected with proliferative gill disease. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2011; 94:125-134. [PMID: 21648241 DOI: 10.3354/dao02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pond-reared channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus with proliferative gill disease (PGD), caused by the myxozoan parasite Henneguya spp., were examined with light and transmission electron microscopy to better characterize the inflammatory response during infection. The early stages of disease are characterized by the destruction of collagen in the matrix of the gill filament cartilage causing weakness and breaks within the gill filaments. These early lesions lacked a notable inflammatory response around the disrupted cartilage, a chondrocyte response was not apparent, and the parasite was not present, suggesting that the cartilage breaks occur prior to inflammation and arrival of the parasite in the gill. In later lesions, a significant inflammatory response was generated in areas of disrupted cartilage, and the inflammatory infiltrate was composed of a mixed population of granulocytes including neutrophils and cells that resembled eosinophils. The majority of eosinophil-like cells demonstrated evidence of degranulation. Trophozoites of Henneguya spp. were surrounded by a uniform population of cells believed to be neutrophils. The granulocytes were infiltrated within the dense collagen layer of the gill filament cartilage and often appeared within chondrocyte lacunae in place of the chondrocyte. The gill lamellae adjacent to the lesions were fused and contained an inflammatory infiltrate containing granulocytes and cells with pericentriolar granules that resembled previous descriptions of Langerhans-like cells. These cells were abundant within damaged lamellar epithelium, but were only rarely found within the gill filament. Lesions that appeared to be recovering lacked the dense collagenous layer around the cartilage and contained hyperplastic and hypertrophic chondrocytes that formed a callus. Other chondrocytes in the lesions had ultrastructural features indicative of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lovy
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, Aquatic Animal Health Unit, 3190 Hammond Bay Road, Nanaimo, British Columbia V9T 6N7, Canada.
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Castillo-Briceño P, Bihan D, Nilges M, Hamaia S, Meseguer J, García-Ayala A, Farndale RW, Mulero V. A role for specific collagen motifs during wound healing and inflammatory response of fibroblasts in the teleost fish gilthead seabream. Mol Immunol 2011; 48:826-34. [PMID: 21232799 PMCID: PMC3048961 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Revised: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Specific sites and sequences in collagen to which cells can attach, either directly or through protein intermediaries, were identified using Toolkits of 63-amino acid triple-helical peptides and specific shorter GXX'GEX″ motifs, which have different intrinsic affinity for integrins that mediate cell adhesion and migration. We have previously reported that collagen type I (COL-I) was able to prime in vitro the respiratory burst and induce a specific set of immune- and extracellular matrix-related molecules in phagocytes of the teleost fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). It was also suggested that COL-I would provide an intermediate signal during the early inflammatory response in gilthead seabream. Since fibroblasts are highly involved in the initiation of wound repair and regeneration processes, in the present study SAF-1 cells (gilthead seabream fibroblasts) were used to identify the binding motifs in collagen by end-point and real-time cell adhesion assays using the collagen peptides and Toolkits. We identified the collagen motifs involved in the early magnesium-dependent adhesion of these cells. Furthermore, we found that peptides containing the GFOGER and GLOGEN motifs (where O is hydroxyproline) present high affinity for SAF-1 adhesion, expressed as both cell number and surface covering, while in cell suspensions, these motifs were also able to induce the expression of the genes encoding the proinflammatory molecules interleukin-1β and cyclooxygenase-2. These data suggest that specific collagen motifs are involved in the regulation of the inflammatory and healing responses of teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Nilges
- Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Samir Hamaia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
| | - José Meseguer
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Alfonsa García-Ayala
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain
| | - Richard W. Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, United Kingdom
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 1223 766111; fax: +44 1223 333345.
| | - Victoriano Mulero
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of Murcia, Murcia 30100, Spain
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +34 868887581; fax: +34 868883963.
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Castillo-Briceño P, Cabas I, Arizcun M, Meseguer J, Mulero V, García-Ayala A. Identification of a β1 integrin isoform with restricted tissue expression in a teleost fish. Reprod Fertil Dev 2011; 23:654-64. [DOI: 10.1071/rd10351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Accepted: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The composition and organisation of extracellular matrix (ECM)-related molecules change during development. These components interact with different cell surface receptors to modulate the transduction of signals for cell growth, differentiation, migration, proliferation and apoptosis. Previous findings in the teleost fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L., Teleostei), a marine protandrous hermaphrodite fish, showed that endocrine and immune stimuli are able to modulate the expression of ECM-related molecules, as well as specific correlations between them. In the present study, quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction was used to examine the gene expression profile of β1 integrin isoform b (ITGB1b) and its possible role in reproductive physiology, especially in relation to spermatogenesis. Expression profiles were analysed in the context of the reproductive cycle (RC) and in relation with other ECM-related molecules, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, MMP-13, tissue-specific inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2a, TIMP-2b, collagen (COL1A1) and ITGB1a. Expression of ITGB1b was found in the testis and brain and, to some extent, in endothelial cells. In contrast, ITGB1a was expressed ubiquitously. In the testis, the ITGB1b expression peaked during spermatogenesis, whereas the expression of the other ECM-related molecules is induced mainly during the post-spawning stage, both stages of marked tissue remodelling during the first and second RC in males. In addition, in fish exposed to the endocrine disruptor 17α-ethynyloestradiol (at 5 and 50 μg g–1 food during 7, 14 and 21 days), ITGB1b expression in the testis was inhibited in a dose- and time-dependent manner and was related to reduced serum levels of testosterone. Together, these results suggest a different functionality for the two ITGB1 isoforms in the gilthead seabream, where ITGB1b is more specifically involved in reproduction. This is the first report of an ITGB1 gene isoform whose expression is restricted to endocrine-related tissues in vertebrates.
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