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Hu J, Li S, Miao M, Li F. Characterization of the antibacterial and opsonic functions of the antimicrobial peptide LvCrustinVI from Litopenaeus vannamei. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 154:105146. [PMID: 38316231 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Microbial drug resistance is becoming increasingly severe due to antibiotic abuse. The development and utilization of antimicrobial peptides is one of the important ways to solve this difficult problem. Crustins are a family of antimicrobial peptides that play important roles in the innate immune system of crustaceans. Several types of crustins exist in shrimp and their activities vary greatly. In the present study, we studied the immune function of one newly identified crustin and found that the type VI crustin encoding gene in Litopenaeus vannamei (LvCrustinVI) was mainly expressed in gills. Its expression was significantly up-regulated after Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection and knockdown of the gene promoted Vibrio proliferation in the hepatopancreas of shrimp, indicating that LvCrustinVI was involved in pathogens infection. The recombinant LvCrustinVI (rLvCrustinVI) showed strong inhibitory activities against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and exhibited binding activities with the bacteria and bacterial polysaccharides including Glu, LPS and PGN. In the presence of Ca2+, rLvCrustinVI showed a strong agglutination effect on V. parahaemolyticus and could significantly enhance the phagocytic ability of shrimp hemocytes against V. parahaemolyticus. In conclusion, LvCrustinVI played important roles as antimicrobial peptide and opsonin in the innate immune defense of L. vannamei. The study enriched our understanding of the functional activity of Crustin and provides an important basis for the development and utilization of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Shihao Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Miao Miao
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Fuhua Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; The Innovation of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
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2
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Thomas AM, Antony SP. Marine Antimicrobial Peptides: An Emerging Nightmare to the Life-Threatening Pathogens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:552-578. [PMID: 37022565 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens due to improper usage of conventional antibiotics has created a global health crisis. Alternatives to antibiotics being an urgent need, the scientific community is forced to search for new antimicrobials. This exploration has led to the discovery of antimicrobial peptides, a group of small peptides occurring in different phyla such as Porifera, Cnidaria, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata, as a component of their innate immune system. The marine environment, possessing immense diversity of organisms, is undoubtedly one of the richest sources of unique potential antimicrobial peptides. The distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides lies in their broad-spectrum activity, mechanism of action, less cytotoxicity, and high stability, which form the benchmark for developing a potential therapeutic. This review aims to (1) synthesise the available information on the distinctive antimicrobial peptides discovered from marine organisms, particularly over the last decade, and (2) discuss the distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides and their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Maria Thomas
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Swapna P Antony
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India.
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3
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Ou Y, Zhuang H, Chen R, Huang D, Wang C. Secretory Expression and Application of Antilipopolysaccharide Factor 3 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050564. [PMID: 37237634 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor is a class of antimicrobial peptides with lipopolysaccharide-binding structural domains, which has a broad antimicrobial spectrum, high antimicrobial activities, and broad application prospects in terms of the aquaculture industry. However, the low yield of natural antimicrobial peptides and their poor expression activity in bacteria and yeast have hindered their exploration and utilization. Therefore, in this study, the extracellular expression system of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, by fusing the target gene with the signal peptide, was used to express anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 3 (ALFPm3) from Penaeus monodon in order to obtain highly active ALFPm3. Transgenic C. reinhardtii T-JiA2, T-JiA3, T-JiA5, and T-JiA6, were verified using DNA-PCR, RT-PCR, and immunoblot. Additionally, the IBP1-ALFPm3 fusion protein could be detected not only within the cells but also in the culture supernatant. Moreover, the extracellular secretion containing ALFPm3 was collected from algal cultures, and then its bacterial inhibitory activity was analyzed. The results showed that the extracts from T-JiA3 had an inhibition rate of 97% against four common aquaculture pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio alginolyticus, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The highest inhibition rate of 116.18% was observed in the test against V. anguillarum. Finally, the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of the extracts from T-JiA3 to V. harveyi, V. anguillarum, V. alginolyticus, and V. parahaemolyticus were 0.11 μg/μL, 0.088 μg/μL, 0.11 μg/μL, and 0.011 μg/μL, respectively. This study supports the foundation of the expression of highly active anti-lipopolysaccharide factors using the extracellular expression system in C. reinhardtii, providing new ideas for the expression of highly active antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohui Ou
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biological Development and Application, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huilin Zhuang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biological Development and Application, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ruoyu Chen
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biological Development and Application, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Danqiong Huang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biological Development and Application, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chaogang Wang
- Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Marine Algal Biological Development and Application, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Laboratory of Marine Bioresource & Eco-Environmental Science, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Rattanadilog Na Phuket T, Charoensapsri W, Amparyup P, Imjongjirak C. Antibacterial activity and immunomodulatory role of a proline-rich antimicrobial peptide SpPR-AMP1 against Vibrio campbellii infection in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 132:108479. [PMID: 36513322 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.108479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) constitute one of the most promising sources of natural molecules used for the design of effective antimicrobial agents alternative to antibiotics. Previously, we have showed that a crab proline-rich AMP designated as SpPR-AMP1 is a potent AMP that exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we demonstrated the importance of SpPR-AMP1 peptide in treating a virulent acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) Vibrio campbellii VH-639 isolate and eliciting the innate immune response to counter the AHPND infection in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. SpPR-AMP1 exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against V. campbellii VH-639 at MIC value of 0.195-0.39 μM. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the membrane disruption potential of SpPR-AMP1 against the V. campbellii VH-639 cells. The in vivo effect of SpPR-AMP1 in shrimp L.vannamei was investigated and the results showed that SpPR-AMP1 was capable of modulating the innate immune response by stimulating the expression levels of AMP transcripts in shrimp hemocytes. Moreover, treatments with SpPR-AMP1 could promote the resistance of shrimp against V. campbellii VH-639 infection as demonstrated by a significant increase in shrimp survival rate and decrease in both the bacterial load and the expression levels of bacterial PirA and PirB toxin gene transcripts in the infected shrimp. These results suggest the potential of SpPR-AMP1 peptide with the combined antimicrobial and immunoenhancing capabilities as promising antimicrobial agent to treat V. campbellii VH-639 causing AHPND infection in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thitiya Rattanadilog Na Phuket
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Walaiporn Charoensapsri
- Marine Biotechnology Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Piti Amparyup
- Marine Biotechnology Research Team, Integrative Aquaculture Biotechnology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Road, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pathumthani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence for Marine Biotechnology, Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Chanprapa Imjongjirak
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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5
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A Non-Canonical Teleost NK-Lysin: Antimicrobial Activity via Multiple Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112722. [PMID: 36361512 PMCID: PMC9654944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
NK-lysin (NKL) is a family of antimicrobial proteins with an important role in innate and adaptive immunity. In this study, a non-canonical NK-lysin (NKLnc) was identified in the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), which shares low sequence identities (15.8-20.6%) with previously reported fish NKLs and was phylogenetically separated from the canonical NKLs in teleost. NKLnc expression was upregulated in flounder tissues during bacterial infection, and interference with NKLnc expression impaired the ability of flounder cells to eliminate invading bacteria. When expressed in Escherichia coli, NKLnc was detrimental to the host cells. P35, a peptide derived from the saposin B domain (SapB) of NKLnc, bound major bacterial surface molecules and killed both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria by inflicting damage to bacterial cell structure and genomic DNA. The bactericidal activity, but not the bacteria-binding capacity, of P35 required the structural integrity of the alpha 2/3 helices in SapB. Furthermore, P35 induced the migration of flounder peripheral blood leukocytes, inhibited bacterial dissemination in fish tissues, and facilitated fish survival after bacterial challenge. Together our study reveals that NKLnc plays an important part in flounder immune defense, and that NKLnc peptide exerts an antimicrobial effect via multiple mechanisms by targeting both bacteria and fish cells.
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Wu J, Lei K, Wu Z, Zhang Y, Gao W, Zhang W, Mai K. Effects of recombinant anti-lipopolysaccharide factor expressed by Pichia pastoris on the growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of Litopenaeusvannamei. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 129:231-242. [PMID: 36067907 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The codon-optimized anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) sequence was introduced into pPICZαA vector and transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115. The recombinant ALF yeast supernatant (rALF-mix) was freeze-dried and evaluated as a feed additive for Litopenaeus vannamei. It was found by antibacterial activity test in vitro that the rALF-mix had antibacterial activity under different pH and temperature conditions. The 0, 0.00375%, 0.0075%, 0.015%, 0.03% and 0.06% of rALF-mix were added respectively to make the six experimental diets. After a 10-week feeding trial with shrimps (2.36 ± 0.02 g), it was found that the weight gain rate (WGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) of shrimp in the groups with 0.0075%, 0.015% and 0.03% of dietary rALF-mix supplementation were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Dietary rALF-mix supplementation significantly increased the total haemocyte count, respiratory burst, phagocytic activity, total anti-oxidative capacity (T-AOC), phenol oxidase activity, nitric oxide synthase activity, lysozyme (LYZ) activity, serum antibacterial capacity in the hemolymph and the T-AOC, LYZ in the hepatopancreas of shrimps (P < 0.05). The malondialdehyde contents in hemolymph and hepatopancreas were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression levels of toll, immune deficiency, heat shock protein 70, crustin and lipopolysaccharide-β-glucan binding protein in the gill of shrimps were significantly increased (P < 0.05). After the challenge test, it was showed that dietary rALF-mix supplementation significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei to Vibrio parahaemolyticus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the rALF-mix can be used as a functional feed additive to improve the growth, immunity and disease resistance of shrimp. Based on the quadratic regression analysis for WGR, the optimal supplemental level of rALF-mix in diet for shrimp was estimated to be 0.02813%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Keke Lei
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Weihua Gao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wen Hai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Wen Hai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434024, China
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7
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Saucedo-Vázquez JP, Gushque F, Vispo NS, Rodriguez J, Gudiño-Gomezjurado ME, Albericio F, Tellkamp MP, Alexis F. Marine Arthropods as a Source of Antimicrobial Peptides. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:501. [PMID: 36005504 PMCID: PMC9409781 DOI: 10.3390/md20080501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide therapeutics play a key role in the development of new medical treatments. The traditional focus on endogenous peptides has shifted from first discovering other natural sources of these molecules, to later synthesizing those with unique bioactivities. This review provides concise information concerning antimicrobial peptides derived from marine crustaceans for the development of new therapeutics. Marine arthropods do not have an adaptive immune system, and therefore, they depend on the innate immune system to eliminate pathogens. In this context, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with unique characteristics are a pivotal part of the defense systems of these organisms. This review covers topics such as the diversity and distribution of peptides in marine arthropods (crustacea and chelicerata), with a focus on penaeid shrimps. The following aspects are covered: the defense system; classes of AMPs; molecular characteristics of AMPs; AMP synthesis; the role of penaeidins, anti-lipopolysaccharide factors, crustins, and stylicins against microorganisms; and the use of AMPs as therapeutic drugs. This review seeks to provide a useful compilation of the most recent information regarding AMPs from marine crustaceans, and describes the future potential applications of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo Saucedo-Vázquez
- CATS Research Group, School of Chemical Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador;
| | - Fernando Gushque
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador; (F.G.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Nelson Santiago Vispo
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador; (F.G.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Jenny Rodriguez
- Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (CENAIM), Campus Gustavo Galindo Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil 090211, Ecuador;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida (FCV), Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Guayaquil 090708, Ecuador
| | - Marco Esteban Gudiño-Gomezjurado
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador; (F.G.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Fernando Albericio
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Markus P. Tellkamp
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador; (F.G.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Frank Alexis
- Politecnico, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
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A Type Ib Crustin from Deep-Sea Shrimp Possesses Antimicrobial and Immunomodulatory Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126444. [PMID: 35742887 PMCID: PMC9223358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustins are small antimicrobial proteins produced by crustaceans. Of the many reported crustins, very few are from deep sea environments. Crustins are categorized into several types. Recently, the Type I crustin has been further classified into three subtypes, one of which is Type Ib, whose function is unknown. Here, we studied the function of a Type Ib crustin (designated Crus2) identified from a deep-sea crustacean. Crus2 has a whey acidic protein (WAP) domain and a long C-terminal region (named P58). Recombinant Crus2 bound to peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and killed Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by permeabilizing the bacterial cytomembrane. Consistently, Crus2 dramatically attenuated the inflammatory response induced by LPS and LTA. Disruption of the disulfide bonds in the WAP domain abolished the bactericidal ability of Crus2, but had no effect on the bacterial binding ability of Crus2. Deletion of the C-terminal P58 region moderately affected the antimicrobial activity of Crus2 against some bacteria. P58 as a synthesized peptide could bind bacteria and inhibit the bactericidal activity of Crus2. Taken together, these results revealed different roles played by the WAP domain and the P58 region in Type Ib crustin, and provided new insights into the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions of crustins.
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Full-Length Transcriptome Comparison Provides Novel Insights into the Molecular Basis of Adaptation to Different Ecological Niches of the Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent in Alvinocaridid Shrimps. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14050371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The deep-sea hydrothermal vent ecosystem is one of the extreme chemoautotrophic environments. Shinkaicaris leurokolos Kikuchi and Hashimoto, 2000, and Alvinocaris longirostris Kikuchi and Ohta, 1995, are typically co-distributed and closely related alvinocaridid shrimps in hydrothermal vent areas with different ecological niches, providing an excellent model for studying the adaptive evolution mechanism of animals in the extreme deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment. The shrimp S. leurokolos lives in close proximity to the chimney vent discharging high-temperature fluid, while A. longirostris inhabits the peripheral areas of hydrothermal vents. In this study, full-length transcriptomes of S. leurokolos and A. longirostris were generated using a combination of single-molecule real-time (SMRT) and Illumina RNA-seq technology. Expression analyses of the transcriptomes showed that among the top 30% of highly expressed genes of each species, more genes related to sulfide and heavy metal metabolism (sulfide: quinone oxidoreductase, SQR; persulfide dioxygenase, ETHE1; thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, TST, and ferritin, FRI) were specifically highly expressed in S. leurokolos, while genes involved in maintaining epibiotic bacteria or pathogen resistance (beta-1,3-glucan-binding protein, BGBP; endochitinase, CHIT; acidic mammalian chitinase, CHIA, and anti-lipopolysaccharide factors, ALPS) were highly expressed in A. longirostris. Gene family expansion analysis revealed that genes related to anti-oxidant metabolism (cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase, SODM; glutathione S-transferase, GST, and glutathione peroxidase, GPX) and heat stress (heat shock cognate 70 kDa protein, HSP70 and heat shock 70 kDa protein cognate 4, HSP7D) underwent significant expansion in S. leurokolos, while CHIA and CHIT involved in pathogen resistance significantly expanded in A. longirostris. Finally, 66 positively selected genes (PSGs) were identified in the vent shrimp S. leurokolos. Most of the PSGs were involved in DNA repair, antioxidation, immune defense, and heat stress response, suggesting their function in the adaptive evolution of species inhabiting the extreme vent microhabitat. This study provides abundant genetic resources for deep-sea invertebrates, and is expected to lay the foundation for deep decipherment of the adaptive evolution mechanism of shrimps in a deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystem based on further whole-genome comparison.
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Characterization of the Dual Functions of LvCrustinVII from Litopenaeus vannamei as Antimicrobial Peptide and Opsonin. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20030157. [PMID: 35323456 PMCID: PMC8951635 DOI: 10.3390/md20030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Crustin are a family of antimicrobial peptides that play an important role in protecting against pathogens infection in the innate immune system of crustaceans. Previously, we identified several novel types of crustins, including type VI and type VII crustins. However, their immune functions were still unclear. In the present study, the immune function of type VII crustin LvCrustinVII were investigated in Litopenaeus vannamei. LvCrustinVII was wildly expressed in all tested tissues, with relatively high expression levels in hepatopancreas, epidermis and lymphoid organ. Upon Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, LvCrustinVII was significantly upregulated in hepatopancreas. Recombinant LvCrustinVII (rLvCrustinVII) showed strong inhibitory activities against Gram-negative bacteria Vibrio harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus, while weak activities against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Binding assay showed that rLvCrustinVII could bind strongly to V. harveyi and V. parahaemolyticus, as well as the cell wall components Glu, LPS and PGN. In the presence of Ca2+, rLvCrustinVII could agglutinate V. parahaemolyticus and enhance hemocyte phagocytosis. The present data partially illustrate the immune function of LvCrustinVII, which enrich our understanding on the functional mechanisms of crustins and provide useful information for application of this kind of antimicrobial peptides.
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11
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Yin CM, Pan XY, Cao XT, Li T, Zhang YH, Lan JF. A crayfish ALF inhibits the proliferation of microbiota by binding to RPS4 and MscL of E. coli. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 121:104106. [PMID: 33878364 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2021.104106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), most of which are small proteins, are necessary for innate immunity against pathogens. Anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF) with a conserved lipopolysaccharide binding domain (LBD) can bind to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and neutralize LPS activity. The antibacterial mechanism of ALF, especially its role in bacteria, needs to be further investigated. In this study, the antibacterial role of an anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (PcALF5) derived from Procambarus clarkii was analyzed. PcALF5 could inhibit the replication of the microbiota in vitro and enhance the bacterial clearance ability in crayfish in vivo. Far-western blot assay results indicated that PcALF5 bound to two proteins of E. coli (approximately 25 kDa and 15 kDa). Mass spectrometry (MS), far-western blot assay, and pull-down results showed that 30S ribosomal protein S4 (RPS4, 25 kD) interacted with PcALF5. Further studies revealed that another E. coli protein binding to PcALF5 could be the large mechanosensitive channel (MscL), which is reported to participate in the transport of peptides and antibiotics. Additional assays showed that PcALF5 inhibited protein synthesis and promoted the transcription of ribosomal component genes in E. coli. Overall, these results indicate that PcALF5 could transfer into E. coli by binding to MscL and inhibit protein synthesis by interacting with RPS4. This study reveals the mechanism underlying ALF involvement in the antibacterial immune response and provides a new reference for the research on antibacterial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Ming Yin
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Pan
- Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, 313001, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying-Hao Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Jiang-Feng Lan
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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12
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Guo L, Zhou M, Chen D, Yi C, Sun B, Wang S, Ru Y, Chen H, Wang H. A new insight to characterize immunomodulation based on hepatopancreatic transcriptome and humoral immune factor analysis of the Cherax quadricarinatus infected with Aeromonas veronii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 219:112347. [PMID: 34044307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cherax quadricarinatus is a type of large freshwater crayfish that is characterized by rapid growth and formidable adaptability. It has also been widely cultured and studied as a model organism. Aeromonas veronii is the dominant pathogen in aquatic environments and the primary threat to aquaculture's economic stability. To better understand the interactions between C. quadricarinatus and A. veronii, high-throughput RNA sequencing of the C. quadricarinatus hepatopancreas was carried out on a control group, susceptible group (6 h after infection), and resistant group (48 h after infection). A total of 65,850,929 genes were obtained. Compared with the control group, 2616 genes were up-regulated and 1551 genes were down-regulated in the susceptible group; while 1488 genes were up-regulated and 1712 genes were down-regulated in the resistant group. GO and KEGG analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with multiple immune pathways, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), antigen processing and presentation, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, phagosome, lysosome, JAK-STAT signaling pathway. qRT-PCR showed that infection by A. veronii changed the expression pattern of the serine proteinase inhibitor (SPI), crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH), anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (ALF), and extracellular copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), all of which were significantly higher than in the control group up to 48 h after infection. In addition, detection of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), lysozyme (LZM), and phenoloxidase (PO) activity, as well as ceruloplasmin (CP) concentration at different times after infection showed diverse trends. Furthermore, pathological sections obtained 24 h after infection show lesions on the hepatopancreas and intestinal tissues caused by A. veronii. The results of this study provide a foundation for analyzing the immune mechanism of C. quadricarinatus infected with A. veronii at the transcriptional level and a theoretical basis for screening disease-resistant individuals to ensure healthy economic development of the aquatic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leifeng Guo
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Duanduan Chen
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Cao Yi
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Bing Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1 Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Shouquan Wang
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ru
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hongju Chen
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Aquaculture Research Lab, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China.
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13
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Wang Y, Zhang J, Sun Y, Sun L. A Crustin from Hydrothermal Vent Shrimp: Antimicrobial Activity and Mechanism. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:176. [PMID: 33807037 PMCID: PMC8005205 DOI: 10.3390/md19030176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Crustin is a type of antimicrobial peptide and plays an important role in the innate immunity of arthropods. We report here the identification and characterization of a crustin (named Crus1) from the shrimp Rimicaris sp. inhabiting the deep-sea hydrothermal vent in Manus Basin (Papua New Guinea). Crus1 shares the highest identity (51.76%) with a Type I crustin of Penaeus vannamei and possesses a whey acidic protein (WAP) domain, which contains eight cysteine residues that form the conserved 'four-disulfide core' structure. Recombinant Crus1 (rCrus1) bound to peptidoglycan and lipoteichoic acid, and effectively killed Gram-positive bacteria in a manner that was dependent on pH, temperature, and disulfide linkage. rCrus1 induced membrane leakage and structure damage in the target bacteria, but had no effect on bacterial protoplasts. Serine substitution of each of the 8 Cys residues in the WAP domain did not affect the bacterial binding capacity but completely abolished the bactericidal activity of rCrus1. These results provide new insights into the characteristic and mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of deep sea crustins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujian Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Li Sun
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.W.); (J.Z.); (Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, China
- College of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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14
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Molecular and Functional Characterization of an Anti-lipopolysaccharide Factor Mm-ALF from Speckled Shrimp Metapenaeus monoceros. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 13:1183-1194. [PMID: 33569748 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-021-09741-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are antimicrobial peptides of approximately 100 amino acid residues with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. It is an amphipathic peptide with an N-terminal hydrophobic region and a lipopolysaccharide binding domain (LBD). In the present study, we report an isoform of the anti-lipopolysaccharide factor (Mm-ALF) from the speckled shrimp, Metapenaeus monoceros. A 359 bp cDNA encoded 119 amino acids, and the sequence showed 99.16% similarity to ALF from the shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus. The mature peptide of 94 amino acids has a net charge of +8, molecular weight 10.62 kDa, and pI 10.11. The mature peptide Mm-ALF was recombinantly expressed in E. coli Rosetta-gami cells, and the peptide was isolated and purified. The rMm-ALF exhibited notable antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda, Aeromonas hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio proteolyticus, Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio fluvialis) bacteria.
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15
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Anju M, Archana K, Nair A, Philip R. An anti-lipopolysaccharide factor Md-ALF from the Indian flower tail shrimp, Metapenaeus dobsoni: Molecular and phylogenetic characterization. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Zhang C, Cao X, Wang K, Dai X, Zhang R, Zhang Z, Huang X, Ren Q. Positive and negative regulatory effects of transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP1) on the expression of antimicrobial peptides in Macrobrachium nipponense. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:130-137. [PMID: 31904541 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor activator protein 1 (AP1) plays an irreplaceable role in the response to a variety of external stimulants, such as cellar stress, bacterial and viral infections, and inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we identified a novel AP1 gene from Macrobrachium nipponense and named it MnAP1, which has a full length of 1747 bp contains an 882 bp open reading frame, and encodes a protein with 293 amino acids. The MnAP1 protein contains Pfam and bZIP domains. MnAP1 is widely distributed in hemocytes, heart, hepatopancreas, gill, stomach, and intestinal tissues. The expression levels of MnAP1 in the gills and stomach were significantly upregulated after Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus attacks. We studied the relationship between MnAP1 and the transcripts of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in gills through RNA interference. Interestingly, the regulatory effects of MnAP1 on the expression of different AMPs were different. We found that the expression levels of crustins, including Cru1, Cru3, and Cru4 in the gills were evidently decreased, whereas the synthesis of Cru5 and anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALF3 and ALF4) were obviously increased. We further explored the effect of MnAP1 on the expression of transcription factor relish from M. nipponense. The result showed that the knockdown of MnAP1 can remarkably upregulate the expression of MnRelish. Relish as a member of the nuclear factor κB family that regulates the expression of AMPs in the innate immunity of crustacean. Hence, we also detected the expression levels of Cru5, ALF3, and ALF4 in the gills of MnRelish-silenced prawns. The Data showed that the expression levels of these three AMPs were evidently reduced after MnRelish silencing. Our results indicated that MnAP1 plays a positive role in regulating the expression of AMPs, promotes the JNK/AP1 signaling pathway, and exerts a negative regulatory effect on the synthesis of AMPs by inhibiting the transcription of NF-κB factor in the innate immunity of M. nipponense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueying Cao
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Dai
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruidong Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuoxing Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Ren
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Aquatic Animals Breeding and Green Efficient Aquacultural Technology, College of Marine Science and Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People's Republic of China; Co-Innovation Center for Marine Bio-Industry Technology of Jiangsu Province, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222005, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Boonchuen P, Maralit BA, Jaree P, Tassanakajon A, Somboonwiwat K. MicroRNA and mRNA interactions coordinate the immune response in non-lethal heat stressed Litopenaeus vannamei against AHPND-causing Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:787. [PMID: 31964916 PMCID: PMC6972907 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
While Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VPAHPND) has been identified as the cause of early mortality syndrome (EMS) or acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in shrimp, mechanisms of host response remain unknown. Understanding these processes is important to improve farming practices because this understanding will help to develop methods to enhance shrimp immunity. Pre-treatment of shrimp with 5-minute chronic non-lethal heat stress (NLHS) for 7 days was found to significantly increase Litopenaeus vannamei survival against VPAHPND infection. To elucidate the mechanism involved, mRNA and miRNA expression profiles from the hemocyte of L. vannamei challenged with VPAHPND after NLHS with corresponding control conditions were determined by RNA-Seq. A total of 2,664 mRNAs and 41 miRNAs were differentially expressed after the NLHS treatment and VPAHPND challenge. A miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was subsequently constructed and the interactions of DEMs in regulating the NLHS-induced immune-related pathways were identified. Transcriptomic data revealed that miRNA and mRNA interactions contribute to the modulation of NLHS-induced immune responses, such as the prophenoloxidase-activating system, hemocyte homeostasis, and antimicrobial peptide production, and these responses enhance VPAHPND resistance in L. vannamei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakpoom Boonchuen
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Benedict A Maralit
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Philippine Genome Center, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.,National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Phattarunda Jaree
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Tassanakajon
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kunlaya Somboonwiwat
- Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. .,Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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18
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Shedding Light on the Antimicrobial Peptide Arsenal of Terrestrial Isopods: Focus on Armadillidins, a New Crustacean AMP Family. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11010093. [PMID: 31947541 PMCID: PMC7017220 DOI: 10.3390/genes11010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In crustaceans, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are clustered into four major groups according to their amino acid composition and structure: (1) single-domain peptides containing cysteine residues such as anti-lipopolysaccharide-factor (ALF), (2) multi-domain or chimeric AMPs such as crustins, (3) non-conventional AMPs, and (4) linear single-domain AMPs. The majority of AMPs has been described in commercially exploited crustaceans, particularly decapods living in aquatic environments (crab, shrimp, lobster, and crayfish). Here, we aimed at establishing the AMPs repertoire of terrestrial isopods (Oniscidea), an original suborder of crustaceans adapted to life outside of the aquatic environment. Using transcriptomic data from 21 species, we identified 110 ALF and 73 crustin sequences. We also characterized the full-length sequence of armadillidins from 17 species, similar to the AMP previously described in the terrestrial isopod Armadillidium vulgare. Furthermore, we tested the antimicrobial activity of three armadillidin peptides characterized from three distantly related species. This analysis revealed similar activity spectra against pathogens, despite extensive structural variation among the tested peptides. In addition to conventional crustacean AMPs, our work highlights armadillidins as a new and independent family of AMPs specific to the Oniscidea, thus opening new perspectives concerning the study of the immune system of terrestrial isopods.
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Abstract
Anti-lipopolysaccharide factors (ALFs) are a type of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) which show broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi and viruses. In this chapter, we review the discovery and classification of this kind of antimicrobial peptide in crustaceans. The structure and function, as well as the mechanism of antibacterial and antiviral activities of ALFs will be summarized and discussed. We will then describe the expression and regulation of various ALF genes in different crustacean species. Finally, the application prospects of ALFs in drug development and disease-resistant genetic breeding will be pointed out and discussed. The review will also discuss several key questions such as the systematic classification and expression regulation of the ALF genes, as well as the future application of ALFs and ALF-derived peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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20
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Li C, Wang S, He J. The Two NF-κB Pathways Regulating Bacterial and WSSV Infection of Shrimp. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1785. [PMID: 31417561 PMCID: PMC6683665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of diseases ordinarily results from the disruption of the balance and harmony between hosts and pathogens. Devoid of adaptive immunity, shrimp rely largely on the innate immune system to protect themselves from pathogenic infection. Two nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathways, the Toll and immune deficiency (IMD) pathways, are generally regarded as the major regulators of the immune response in shrimp, which have been extensively studied over the years. Bacterial infection can be recognized by Toll and IMD pathways, which activate two NF-κB transcription factors, Dorsal and Relish, respectively, to eventually lead to boosting the expression of various antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). In response to white-spot-syndrome-virus (WSSV) infection, these two pathways appear to be subverted and hijacked to favor viral survival. In this review, the recent progress in elucidating microbial recognition, signal transduction, and effector regulation within both shrimp Toll and IMD pathways will be discussed. We will also highlight and discuss the similarities and differences between shrimps and their Drosophila or mammalian counterparts. Understanding the interplay between pathogens and shrimp NF-κB pathways may provide new opportunities for disease-prevention strategies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaozheng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhuhai, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhuhai, China.,School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering, Zhuhai, China.,School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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