1
|
Sasany R, Jamjoom FZ, Uçar SM, Yilmaz B. Nanoindentation creep: The impact of water and artificial saliva storage on milled and 3D-printed resin composites. J Prosthodont 2024. [PMID: 39105440 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the effects of artificial saliva and distilled water on the nanoindentation creep of different 3D-printed and milled CAD-CAM resin composites. MATERIAL AND METHODS Disk-shaped specimens were subtractively fabricated from polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (EN) and reinforced resin composite (B) and additively from resin composite (C) and hybrid resin composite (VS) using digital light processing (DLP). Specimens from each material were divided into two groups according to their storage conditions (artificial saliva or distilled water for 3 months). Creep was analyzed by nanoindentation testing. Statistical analysis was done using two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni post hoc tests, and independent t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The main effects of material and storage conditions, and their interaction were statistically significant on nanoindentation (p < 0.001). Storage condition had the greatest influence (partial eta squared ηP 2 = 0.370), followed by the material (ηP 2 = 0.359), and the interaction (ηP 2 = 0.329). The nanoindentation creep depths after artificial saliva storage ranged from 0.34 to 0.51 µm and from 0.50 to 0.87 µm after distilled water storage. One of the additively manufactured groups had higher nanoindentation creep depths in both storage conditions. CONCLUSIONS All specimens showed comparable performance after artificial saliva storage, but increased nanoindentation creep after distilled water storage for 3 months. The subtractive CAD-CAM blocks showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depths in both storage conditions. Additively manufactured composite resins had lower dimensional stability than one of the subtractively manufactured composites, which was demonstrated as having higher creep deformation and maximum recovery. However, after artificial saliva storage, one of the additively manufactured resins had dimensional stability similar to that of subtractively manufactured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Sasany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Faris Z Jamjoom
- Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Science Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Merve Uçar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Attia M, Fahmy N, Shaker A, Salah T. The effect of different materials and cavity designs on fracture resistance of ceramic partial coverage. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024. [PMID: 39076156 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two intra-coronal preparation designs with varying extensions of cuspal coverage can perform differently regarding their fracture resistance against introral forces. METHODS Two materials (IPS e-max CAD [EX], VITA ENAMIC [EN]), and two different preparation designs (EX-D1), (EX-D2), (EN-D1), and (EN-D2) were investigated to compare their fracture resistance. A total of 40 (n = 40) caries free human mandibular molars were used. All the prepared samples were scanned using CEREC Omnicam scanner and the preparations were checked by the software for any sharpness and undercuts before restoration designing and fabrication. All restorations were milled using Cerec MCXL 4.4 milling machine. Duo-Link resin cement was used for cementation. After thermocycling and chewing simulation, all samples were loaded in the Universal testing machine in order to evaluate fracture resistance of all samples. RESULTS Fracture resistance testing revealed that e-max CAD (2134 N) showed statistically significantly higher mean fracture resistance values than Vita Enamic (1728 N). On the other hand, there was no statistically significant difference between mean fracture resistances between the two tested designs. CONCLUSIONS Within the confines of this investigation, it can be said that although preparation design had no appreciable impact on fracture resistance, the CAD/CAM ceramic material utilized did. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE When restoring compound cavitties indirectly; a conservative defect oriented approach should be used. Glass Ceramic are prefered as restorative material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Attia
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nadia Fahmy
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Atef Shaker
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Tarek Salah
- Fixed Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muhetaer A, Tang C, Anniwaer A, Yang H, Huang C. Advances in ceramics for tooth repair: From bench to chairside. J Dent 2024; 146:105053. [PMID: 38729288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To give a comprehensive review of advancement in dental ceramics, fabrication methods, and the challenges associated with clinical application. DATA, SOURCES AND STUDY SELECTION Researches on chemical composition, biomechanical behaviors, optical properties, bonding strategies and fabrication methods were included. The search of articles was independently conducted by two authors in the PubMed, Scopus, Medline and Web of Science. CONCLUSIONS Dental ceramics have shown significant advancements in terms of esthetics and function. However, improving fracture toughness without compromising optical properties remains a challenge. Repairing fractured zirconia or glass-matrix ceramic prostheses with the same material is difficult due to the sintering process. Developing innovative bonding techniques that provide strong and long-lasting bonding strength between ceramics and tooth structures poses a recurring obstacle. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Despite the emergence of dental ceramics and fabrication techniques, certain limitations such as susceptibility to brittleness and fracture still exist. Therefore, the current review provided valuable information around the advanced dental ceramics in tooth repair. The laboratory test data and the clinical outcome are also presented in details, aiming to guide clinicians in making informed decisions regarding ceramic restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aihemaiti Muhetaer
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Chuliang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Annikaer Anniwaer
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Hongye Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
| | - Cui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China; Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prause E, Hey J, Beuer F, Yassine J, Hesse B, Weitkamp T, Gerber J, Schmidt F. Microstructural investigation of hybrid CAD/CAM restorative dental materials by micro-CT and SEM. Dent Mater 2024; 40:930-940. [PMID: 38724334 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An increasing number of CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) hybrid materials have been introduced to the dental market in recent years. In addition, CAD/CAM hybrid materials for additive manufacturing (AM) are becoming more attractive in digital dentistry. Studies on material microstructures using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have only been available to a limited extent so far. METHODS One CAD/CAM three-dimensional- (3D-) printable hybrid material (VarseoSmile Crown plus) and two CAD/CAM millable hybrid materials (Vita Enamic; Voco Grandio), as well as one direct composite material (Ceram.x duo), were included in the present study. Cylindrical samples with a diameter of 2 mm were produced from each material and investigated by means of synchrotron radiation µ-CT at a voxel size of 0.65 µm. Different samples from the same materials, obtained by cutting and polishing, were investigated by SEM. RESULTS The 3D-printed hybrid material showed some agglomerations and a more irregular distribution of fillers, as well as a visible layered macrostructure and a few spherical pores due to the printing process. The CAD/CAM millable hybrid materials revealed a more homogenous distribution of ceramic particles. The direct composite material showed multiple air bubbles and microstructural irregularities based on manual processing. SIGNIFICANCE The µ-CT and SEM analysis of the materials revealed different microstructures even though they belong to the same class of materials. It could be shown that µ-CT and SEM imaging are valuable tools to understand microstructure and related mechanical properties of materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Prause
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jeremias Hey
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Germany
| | - Florian Beuer
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jamila Yassine
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard Hesse
- Xploraytion GmbH, Invalidenstr. 34, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm Weitkamp
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Javier Gerber
- Xploraytion GmbH, Invalidenstr. 34, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Prosthodontics, Geriatric Dentistry and Craniomandibular Disorders, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Aßmannshauser Str. 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
El-Sheikh NA, Wahsh MM, Hussein GA. Laser debonding of ultrathin occlusal veneers fabricated from different CAD/CAM ceramic materials. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:570. [PMID: 38802801 PMCID: PMC11129369 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04314-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Erbium lasers safely offer the possibility of reuse for debonded restorations. Since these lasers have a high affinity for water molecules, they are absorbed by resin cement causing explosive ablation of the cement and thus, the restoration debonds. The efficiency of this process depends on many factors, including the ceramic type, its chemical composition and thickness. Therefore, this study was designed to test the time taken to debond ultrathin occlusal veneers made of three types of milled ceramic materials and evaluate the integrity of these restorations after debonding. METHODS Three ceramic types were evaluated in this study: lithium disilicate (IPS Emax CAD), highly condensed lithium disilicate (GC initial®LiSi), and translucent zirconia (Katana zirconia STML). Each group consisted of 8 occlusal veneers of 0.5 mm thickness. The samples were cemented to the occlusal surfaces of the upper molar teeth. An Er; Cr: YSGG laser was applied to the occlusal veneers using the scanning method, and time until debonding was calculated. The debonded samples were then inspected under a stereomicroscope for possible damage. Numerical data are presented as the mean with 95% confidence interval (CI), standard deviation (SD), minimum (min.) and maximum (max.) values. Normality and variance homogeneity assumptions were confirmed using Shapiro-Wilk's and Levene's tests, respectively. Data were normally distributed and were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test. The significance level was set at p < 0.05 for all tests. Statistical analysis was performed with R statistical analysis software version 4.3.2 for Windows (R Core Team (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/). RESULTS There was no significant difference in debonding time between the different materials (p = 0.995). The longest debonding time was found for Katana STML (87.52 ± 20.45) (seconds), followed by Emax (86.94 ± 20.63) (seconds), while the lowest value was found for LiSi initial (86.14 ± 25.16) (seconds). In terms of damage to the debonded veneers, The Emax and zirconia samples showed no damage. However, 40% of the LiSi samples fractured during debonding, and 20% exhibited cracks. Only 40% of the LiSi samples were sound after debonding. CONCLUSION Er; Cr: YSGG laser can be used efficiently to remove ceramic occlusal veneers. However, its effect on LiSi restorations needs further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nourhan Ali El-Sheikh
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, African Unity St, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Marwa Mohamad Wahsh
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, African Unity St, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Abdelfattah Hussein
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, African Unity St, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bayraktar ET, Türkmen C, Atali PY, Tarçin B, Korkut B, Yaşa B. In-vitro evaluation of wear characteristics, microhardness and color stability of dental restorative CAD/CAM materials. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:74-83. [PMID: 38072413 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the vertical and volumetric wear characteristics of CAD/CAM materials. The microhardness and color stability were evaluated. A polymer infiltrated ceramic network CAD/CAM block, resin nanoceramic CAD/CAM blocks, a resin composite, and enamel tissue were investigated. Samples were loaded in a chewing simulator. Other samples were aged and immersed in coffee. Color change was evaluated using the digital image analysis and a spectrophotometer. The data were analyzed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U, Friedman, Spearman's rho tests (p<0.05). The lowest level of wear was obtained in enamel tissue group 0.20 (Q1:0.14; Q3:0.27μm). Resin composite group 2.48 (Q1:2.12; Q3:2.92) showed lower level of discoloration. No agreement was obtained between the digital image analysis and spectrophotometer data (Spearman's rho -0.314, p=0.014). Similar wear rate to the natural enamel tissue was obtained for Vita Enamic. Digital image analysis was considered a promising technique for monitoring the color change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cafer Türkmen
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University
| | - Pınar Yilmaz Atali
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University
| | - Bilge Tarçin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University
| | - Bora Korkut
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University
| | - Bilal Yaşa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, İstanbul Kent University
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Eldafrawy M, Karevan Y, Nguyen JF, Mainjot A. Interblock and intrablock homogeneity of CAD-CAM composites mechanical properties. Dent Mater J 2023; 42:780-790. [PMID: 37853645 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the homogeneity of the mechanical properties of commercial CAD-CAM composites between different blocks of the same material (interblock homogeneity) and within each block between the internal and external parts (intrablock homogeneity). Tetric CAD (TET); Katana Avencia (KAT); Cerasmart 270 (CER); Grandio (GRN) and Vita Enamic (ENA) were tested for flexural strength (σf), flexural modulus (Ef), flexural load energy (Ur) and hardness (HV). Results showed significant differences in interblock homogeneity of σf, Ef and Ur for TET, KAT, CER and ENA. In addition, significant differences in interblock homogeneity of HV for TET, CER and GRN were found. Moreover, significant differences in intrablock homogeneity of σf, Ef and Ur were found for KAT, CER, GRN and ENA, as well as for HV of all the tested materials except CER. Weibull modulus was highest for GRN, followed by ENA, KAT, TET then CER.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maher Eldafrawy
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège)
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU)
| | - Yousef Karevan
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège)
| | - Jean-François Nguyen
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), Université Paris Cité
| | - Amélie Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège)
- Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Demirel MG, Mohammadi R, Keçeci M. Crack Propagation and Fatigue Performance of Partial Posterior Indirect Restorations: An Extended Finite Element Method Study. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:484. [PMID: 37754898 PMCID: PMC10532640 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14090484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental ceramics are susceptible to slow, progressive crack growth after cyclic loading. The purpose of this study was to investigate the progressive patterns of cracks in two different types of CAD/CAM ceramic materials used with three different partial posterior indirect restoration (PPIR) designs and to determine the materials' failure risk using a fatigue test. Standard initial cracks were formed in Standard Tessellation Language (STL) files prepared for three different PPIRs. The materials chosen were monolithic lithium disilicate (LS) and polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks (PICNs). The extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied, and the fatigue performance was examined by applying a 600 N axial load. The cracks propagated the most in onlay restorations, where the highest displacement was observed. In contrast, the most successful results were observed in overlay restorations. Overlay restorations also showed better fatigue performance. LS materials exhibited more successful results than PICN materials. LS materials, which can be used in PPIRs, yield better results compared to PICN materials. While inlay restorations demonstrated relatively successful results, overlay and onlay restorations can be specified as the most and the least successful PPIR types, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Faculty of Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya 42090, Turkey;
| | - Murat Keçeci
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Karamanoğlu Mehmet Bey University, Karaman 70000, Turkey;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Alamoush RA, Yang J, Alhotan A, Haider J, Matinlinna JP, Elraggal A. The effect of in-office bleaching agents on the Vickers hardness and surface topography of polished and unpolished CAD/CAM composite materials. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15341. [PMID: 37714943 PMCID: PMC10504265 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In-office bleaching, using hydrogen peroxide, is effective to remove dental enamel stains. However, bleaching agents can deteriorate surface properties of CAD-CAM materials. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of in-office bleaching agents on Vickers hardness and surface topography of polished and unpolished dental CAD-CAM composite materials (Grandio blocs, Lava Ultimate, BRILLIANT Crios, Cerasmart), and a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network block (Vita Enamic). The specimens were randomly divided into two groups: unpolished or polished. The micro-hardness and surface topography of each group were measured before bleaching, after a 60 min bleaching period, and 24-h and one-month post-bleaching. In-office bleaching significantly influenced the Vickers hardness of both the polished and unpolished CAD/CAM composite blocks, with Vita Enamic exhibiting the least hardness stability among all groups. Furthermore, in-office bleaching significantly influenced the surface roughness of unpolished CAD/CAM composite blocks. There was a significant difference in hardness reduction between the polished and unpolished specimens for most of the investigated materials at different time points. The bleaching did not influence the surface roughness of the investigated polished group, except for Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate. However, it did influence the surface roughness of the investigated materials in the unpolished group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Abdulaziz Alhotan
- Department of Dental Health, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, 11545, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julfikar Haider
- Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, M1 5GD, UK
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Division of Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alaaeldin Elraggal
- Operative Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Haralur SB, Alqahtani AM, Shiban AS, Alattaf ZM, Chaturvedi S, AlQahtani SM, Alqahtani NM. Influence of different surface treatment on bonding of metal and ceramic Orthodontic Brackets to CAD-CAM all ceramic materials. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:564. [PMID: 37574557 PMCID: PMC10423419 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing efficient bonding techniques for orthodontic brackets and all-ceramic materials continues to pose a clinical difficulty. This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strengths (SBS) of metal and ceramic brackets to various all-ceramic CAD-CAM materials, such as lithium disilicate CAD (LDS-CAD), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PIC), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic (ZLS), and 5YTZP zirconia after different surface treatments and thermal cycling. MATERIALS AND METHODS The samples were divided into two groups to be bonded with ceramic and metal lower incisor brackets. Each group was subdivided into a control group devoid of any surface treatment, 10% HF acid (HFA) etching, ceramic etch & prime (MEP), Al2O3 air abrasion, and medium grit diamond bur roughening. After surface treatment, brackets were bonded with composite resin cement, thermal cycled, and tested for shear bond strength. The failed surfaces were evaluated with a digital microscope to analyse the type of failure. The data were statistically analysed using a one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests at p < 0.05. RESULTS The highest mean bond strengths were found with HFA etching in LDS-CAD (13.17 ± 0.26 MPa) and ZLS (12.85 0.52 MPa). Diamond bur recorded the lowest mean bond strength roughening across all the ceramic groups. There were significant differences in mean shear bond values per surface treatment (p < 0.001) and ceramic materials. CONCLUSION Among the surface treatment protocols evaluated, HFA etching and MEP surface treatment resulted in enhanced bond strength of both ceramic and metal brackets to CAD-CAM all ceramic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh B Haralur
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abdullah Saeed Shiban
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M AlQahtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser M Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Asakura M, Aimu K, Hayashi T, Matsubara M, Mieki A, Ban S, Kawai T. Bonding Characteristics of Silane Coupling Agent and MMA-Containing Primer to Various Composite CAD/CAM Blocks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3396. [PMID: 37631453 PMCID: PMC10459957 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the bonding characteristics of a silane coupling agent (SCA) and a methyl methacrylate (MMA)-containing primer (MCP) for 11 types of commercial composite blocks (CBs) for sandblasted and non-sandblasted surfaces. The shear bond strength (SBS) was measured according to ISO 29022: Notched-edge shear bond strength test. The SBS results demonstrated statistically significant differences between the CBs under all identical conditions. For the non-sandblasted groups, the SBSs of MCP-treated specimens were significantly higher than those of SCA-treated specimens for all but two CBs. Comparing the two treatments in sandblasted groups, the SBS was significantly higher for seven out of 11 MCP-treated RCB specimens, in contrast with three cases for the SCA-treated group. Two-way ANOVA for SBS showed the interaction effect between sandblasting and primer type for specific CBs, indicating that the sandblasting treatment improved SBS more effectively for SCA-treated specimens. Moreover, the effect of the SCA treatment was more material-dependent compared to that of the MCP treatment, which did not achieve a strong bond in all CBs but proved more effective than the SCA treatment, especially for non-sandblasted surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tatsuhide Hayashi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-00 Kusumoto-cho, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan; (M.A.); (K.A.); (M.M.); (A.M.); (S.B.); (T.K.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Alamoush RA, Salim NA, Elraggal A, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N. The effect of water storage on nanoindentation creep of various CAD-CAM composite blocks. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:543. [PMID: 37550631 PMCID: PMC10408048 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03145-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the effect of water storage (3 months) on the creep deformation of various CAD-CAM composite structures at the nanoscale and compare it to that at the macroscale. METHODS Seven CAD-CAM blocks were investigated: five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block, and one ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK) block. Specimens of each material (n = 6) were separated into two groups (n = 3) according to their storage conditions (24 h dry storage at 23˚C and 3 months storage in 37˚C distilled water). Nano-indentation creep measurements were undertaken (creep depth measured in µm) using a nanoindenter (Nanovea) equipped with Berkovich three-sided pyramidal diamond tip. The machine was set for the chosen parameters: a load of 20 gf, a pause of 20 s, and the material type. Thirty indentations on 3 samples were made for each material for each test. Data were analysed using two-way ANOVA followed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests and independent t-test (< 0.05) for comparisons between the materials. RESULTS The nanoindentation creep depth after 24 h storage ranged from 0.09 to 0.33 μm and increased after 3 months storage in distilled water to between 0.28 and 3.46 μm. There was a statistically significant difference in nanoindentation creep behaviour between the two storage conditions for each investigated material (independent t-test) and between all materials (Bonferroni post hoc). There was a non-significant negative correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and filler weight% at 24 h dry storage but a significant correlation at 3 months of water storage. A further non-significant positive correlation between nanoindentation creep (µm) and bulk compressive creep (%) was found. CONCLUSION The PICN material showed superior dimensional stability in terms of nanoindentation creep depth in both storage conditions. Other composite blocks showed comparable performance at 24 h dry condition, but an increased nanoindentation creep upon water storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Nesreen A Salim
- Department of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, the University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Alaaeldin Elraggal
- Operative Dentistry, Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Julian D Satterthwaite
- Division Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolaos Silikas
- Division Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, the University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Haralur SB, Shiban AS, Alqahtani NM. Effectiveness of Porcelain Polishing Methods on the Roughness and Color Stability of CAD-CAM Ceramics after Orthodontic Bracket Debonding. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4951. [PMID: 37512226 PMCID: PMC10381530 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Increased utilization of all ceramic restorations for aesthetic consideration in combination with routine adult orthodontic practice has led to numerous clinical challenges. Obtaining adequate bond strength between the orthodontic bracket and all-ceramic restoration and damage to the ceramic surface during the bracket debonding procedure needs to be better understood. This study analyzed the surface texture and color change of glazed and bracket-debonded ceramic CAD-CAM materials and the efficiency of porcelain polishing systems in restoring surface morphology and color. A total of 30 rectangular test specimens from each lithium disilicate CAD (LD-CAD), polymer-infiltrated ceramic (PICN), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass ceramic (ZLS), and 5YTZP zirconia (5YZP) were prepared. The ceramic samples were embedded within acrylic resin, and baseline surface roughness and color were recorded using an optical profilometer and a reflected color spectrophotometer. The porcelain samples were bonded with lower incisor ceramic brackets. The samples were thermocycled 2000 times between 5 and 55 °C. Afterward, the brackets were peeled with bracket-removing pliers. The resin adhesive from the debonded surface was eliminated with tungsten carbide bur, and samples were randomly divided into three subgroups of (n = 10) to be polished with Diapol-twist (DT), a Keramik-Politur 4313B Komet polishing kit (KK), and a Horico diamond polisher (HDP). The polished surface roughness and color were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance at p < 0.05. The debonded porcelain surfaces across the groups displayed significantly higher mean surface roughness (Ra) compared to glazed surfaces. The debonded 5YZP showed the least Ra at 0.661 (0.09), while the highest Ra was recorded by PICN at 4.057 (0.82). All of the polishing systems evaluated in the study significantly reduced the surface roughness. However, they were unsuccessful in regaining the surface topography of the glazed surface. The flexible discs (DT) produced the smoothest surface, followed by the diamond-impregnated rubber points (KK). Unpolished porcelain surfaces had a discernable mean color difference from glazed surfaces. Polished surfaces from the different polishing systems among the all-ceramic groups achieved a clinically acceptable mean color difference. Polishing debonded rough porcelain surfaces is imperative, and flexible discs performed better in all of the tested CAD-CAM ceramic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh B. Haralur
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Nasser Mohammed Alqahtani
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Herrera-González AM, Cuevas-Suárez CE. Evaluation of a biobased polycarbonate interpenetrated network in a dental resin composite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 143:105876. [PMID: 37178634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Silanization of filler particles in a dental resin composite is achieved by the formation of Si-O-Si bonds, however, these bonds are especially vulnerable to hydrolysis because this covalent bond has a significant ionic character due to the electronegativity differences between the atoms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of an interpenetrated network (IPN) as alternative of silanization reaction and to assess its effect in selected properties of experimental photopolymerizable resin composites. The interpenetrate network was obtained during the photopolymerization reaction of organic matrix (BisGMA/TEGDMA) with a biobased polycarbonate. Its characterization was performed via FTIR, flexural strength, flexural modulus, depth of cure, sorption water and solubility. A resin composite formulated with non-silanized filler particles was used as control. The IPN with a biobased polycarbonate was successfully synthesized. The results showed that the IPN based resin composite had higher values of flexural strength, flexural modulus, and degree of double bond conversion than the control (p < 0.05). Polymerization shrinkage, water sorption and solubility were statistically significantly lower than the control resin (p < 0.05). Finally, this study shows there were no statistically significant differences for the biocompatibility outcomes (p > 0.05). The biobased IPN replaces the silanization reaction in resin composites, improving physical and chemical properties. Therefore, IPN with a biobased polycarbonate could be potentially useful in the formulation of dental resin composites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Herrera-González
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km, 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, C.P, 42184, Mexico.
| | - Carlos E Cuevas-Suárez
- Laboratorio de Polímeros, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo Km, 4.5 Colonia Carboneras, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo, C.P, 42184, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang S, Wang X, Yang J, Chen H, Jiang X. Micromechanical interlocking structure at the filler/resin interface for dental composites: a review. Int J Oral Sci 2023; 15:21. [PMID: 37258568 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental resin composites (DRCs) are popular materials for repairing caries or dental defect, requiring excellent properties to cope with the complex oral environment. Filler/resin interface interaction has a significant impact on the physicochemical/biological properties and service life of DRCs. Various chemical and physical modification methods on filler/resin interface have been introduced and studied, and the physical micromechanical interlocking caused by the modification of fillers morphology and structure is a promising method. This paper firstly introduces the composition and development of DRCs, then reviews the chemical and physical modification methods of the filler/resin interface, mainly discusses the interface micromechanical interlocking structures and their enhancement mechanism for DRCs, finally give a summary on the existing problems and development potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyan Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
SARIDAĞ S, TEKÇE N, BAŞPINAR ALPER S, DERELİ İNAN B. Bond Strength of Different Composite Resin Materials and CAD/CAM Restorative Materials to Each Other and Dentin Tissue. BEZMIALEM SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.14235/bas.galenos.2022.54154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
17
|
Spitznagel FA, Hoppe JS, Bonfante EA, Campos TMB, Langner R, Gierthmuehlen PC. Failure Load and Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic and Bi-Layer Zirconia Fixed Dental Prostheses Bonded to One-Piece Zirconia Implants. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:8465. [PMID: 36499960 PMCID: PMC9740162 DOI: 10.3390/ma15238465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
No evidence-based prosthetic treatment concept for 3-unit fixed-dental-prostheses (FDPs) on ceramic implants is currently available. Therefore, the aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the failure load and fatigue behavior of monolithic and bi-layer zirconia FDPs supported by one-piece ceramic implants. Eighty 3-unit FDPs supported by 160 zirconia-implants (ceramic.implant; vitaclinical) were divided into 4 groups (n = 20 each): Group Z-HT: 3Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-HT); Group Z-ST: 4Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-ST); Group FL: 3Y-TZP zirconia (Vita-YZ-HT) with facial-veneer (Vita-VM9); Group RL (Rapid-layer): PICN “table-top” (Vita-Enamic), 3Y-TZP-framework (Vita-YZ-HT). Half of the test samples (n = 10/group) were fatigued in a mouth-motion chewing-simulator (F = 98 N, 1.2 million-cycles) with simultaneous thermocycling (5−55 °C). All specimens (fatigued and non-fatigued) were afterwards exposed to single-load-to-failure-testing (Z010, Zwick). Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc tests and two-sample t-tests (p < 0.05, Bonferroni-corrected where appropriate). All specimens withstood fatigue application. While the effect of fatigue was not significant in any group (p = 0.714), the choice of material had a significant effect (p < 0.001). Material FL recorded the highest failure loads, followed by Z-ST, Z-HT and RL, both with and without fatigue application. Taken together, all tested FDP material combinations survived chewing forces that exceeded physiological levels. Bi-Layer FL and monolithic Z-ST showed the highest resilience and might serve as reliable prosthetic reconstruction concepts for 3-unit FDPs on ceramic implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A. Spitznagel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johanna S. Hoppe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Estevam A. Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology; Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-230, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago M. B. Campos
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology; Bauru School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, Bauru 17012-230, SP, Brazil
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behavior (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Petra C. Gierthmuehlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Post-Fatigue Fracture Resistance of Lithium Disilicate and Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Indirect Restorations over Endodontically-Treated Molars with Different Preparation Designs: An In-Vitro Study. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235084. [PMID: 36501478 PMCID: PMC9739407 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the fatigue to cyclic and static resistance of indirect restorations with different preparation designs made either of lithium disilicate (LS) or polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN). Eighty-four (n = 84) molars were chosen, endodontically treated, and prepared with standardized MOD cavities. The molars were randomly divided into 6 study groups (n = 14) taking into account the "preparation design'' (occlusal veneer with 1.2 mm occlusal thickness; overlay with 1.6 mm occlusal thickness; adhesive crown with 2 mm occlusal thickness) and the "CAD/CAM material'' (E-max CAD, Ivoclar vivadent; Vita Enamic, Vita). A fatigue test was conducted with a chewing simulator set at 50 N for 1,500,000 cycles. Fracture resistance was assessed using a universal testing machine with a 6 mm diameter steel sphere applied to the specimens at a constant speed of 1 mm/min. A SEM analysis before the fracture test was performed to visually analyze the tooth-restoration margins. A statistical analysis was performed with a two-way ANOVA and a post-hoc pairwise comparison was performed using the Tukey test. The two-way ANOVA test showed that both the preparation design factor (p = 0.0429) and the CAD/CAM material factor (p = 0.0002) had a significant influence on the fracture resistance of the adhesive indirect restorations. The interaction between the two variables did not show any significance (p = 0.8218). The occlusal veneer had a lower fracture resistance than the adhesive crown (p = 0.042) but not lower than the overlay preparation (p = 0.095). LS was more resistant than PICN (p = 0.002). In conclusion, in the case of endodontically treated teeth, overlay preparation seems to be a valid alternative to the traditional full crown preparation, while occlusal veneers should be avoided in restoring non-vital molars with a high loss of residual tooth structure. LS material is more resistant compared to PICN.
Collapse
|
19
|
Fracture toughness and brittleness of novel CAD/CAM resin composite block. Dent Mater 2022; 38:e308-e317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
20
|
Abstract
Resin-bonded ceramic restorations are common treatment options. Clinical longevity of resin-bonded ceramic restorations depends on the quality and durability of the resin-ceramic bond. The type and composition of the specific ceramic determines the selection of the most effective bonding protocol. Such protocol typically includes a surface pretreatment step followed by application of a priming agent. Understanding of fundamental ceramic properties and chemical compositions enables the clinician to make proper material selection decisions for clinically successful and long-lasting restorations. Based on research accrued over the past decades, this article reviews and discusses current resin-bonding protocols to most commonly used dental ceramics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Julian Conejo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amirah Alammar
- Sijam Medical Center, Northern Ring Road, Alghadeer District, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose Ayub
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hodásová Ľ, Morena AG, Tzanov T, Fargas G, Llanes L, Alemán C, Armelin E. 3D-Printed Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network with Antibacterial Biobased Silver Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4803-4813. [PMID: 36166595 PMCID: PMC9923783 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed at the antimicrobial functionalization of 3D-printed polymer-infiltrated biomimetic ceramic networks (PICN). The antimicrobial properties of the polymer-ceramic composites were achieved by coating them with human- and environmentally safe silver nanoparticles trapped in a phenolated lignin matrix (Ag@PL NPs). Lignin was enzymatically phenolated and used as a biobased reducing agent to obtain stable Ag@PL NPs, which were then formulated in a silane (γ-MPS) solution and deposited to the PICN surface. The presence of the NPs and their proper attachment to the surface were analyzed with spectroscopic methods (FTIR and Raman) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Homogeneous distribution of 13.4 ± 3.2 nm NPs was observed in the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The functionalized samples were tested against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, validating their antimicrobial efficiency in 24 h. The bacterial reduction of S. aureus was 90% in comparison with the pristine surface of PICN. To confirm that the Ag-functionalized PICN scaffold is a safe material to be used in the biomedical field, its biocompatibility was demonstrated with human fibroblast (BJ-5ta) and keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, which was higher than 80% in both cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ľudmila Hodásová
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I,
2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona
Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement
S-1, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Departament
de Ciéncia i Enginyeria de Materials, CIEFMA, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Besòs, C/Eduard
Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Gala Morena
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Tzanko Tzanov
- Grup
de Biotecnologia Molecular i Industrial, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Terrassa 08222, Spain
| | - Gemma Fargas
- Barcelona
Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement
S-1, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Departament
de Ciéncia i Enginyeria de Materials, CIEFMA, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Besòs, C/Eduard
Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Llanes
- Barcelona
Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement
S-1, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Departament
de Ciéncia i Enginyeria de Materials, CIEFMA, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, Campus Diagonal Besòs, C/Eduard
Maristany, 10-14, Building I, 1st Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Alemán
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I,
2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona
Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement
S-1, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Institute
for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of
Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elaine Armelin
- Departament
d’Enginyeria Química, IMEM-BRT, EEBE, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Ed. I,
2nd Floor, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,Barcelona
Research Center in Multiscale Science and Engineering, Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya, C/Eduard Maristany, 10-14, Basement
S-1, 08019 Barcelona, Spain,
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effect of Sintering and Infiltration Conditions on Nanoscale Dual Network SiO 2/Polymethyl Metacrylate Composites Mimicking Human Enamel. J Dent 2022; 126:104311. [PMID: 36170898 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2022.104311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to achieve facile sintering conditions and rapid penetration of organic substances into the structure of sintered silica network on the nano-scale in order to prepare polymer infiltrated ceramic network mimicking human enamel. METHODS Stepwise temperature programming (stepwise isothermal firing) was used to create a cohesive ceramic network containing interconnected pores, which is essential to provide polymer/ceramic dual networks. Liquid phase self-penetration, ultrasonic irradiation assisted liquid phase penetration and vapor phase penetration routes were used to infiltrate methyl methacrylate monomers and benzoyl peroxide reagent into the porous silica blocks. RESULTS The use of stepwise isothermal firing route, in comparison with high temperature sintering methods, significantly reduces the time and temperature required for the preliminary preparation of the SiO2 samples and reaching the appropriate interconnected porous structure. The most appropriate method for monomer and oxidant reagents infiltration is to use liquid phase infiltration assisted by ultrasound irradiation of pre-sintered nano-silica blocks. It was found that the amount of infiltrated monomer and oxidizing agent, degree of conversion of the monomer to the polymer and surface hardness of the samples strongly depend on the infiltration route. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The use of inexpensive silica nanoparticles and low temperature sintering and the use of ultrasound waves to quickly and effectively penetrate methyl methacrylate monomers and increase the polymerization efficiency lead to the preparation of composites with a transparent appearance and mechanical properties similar to human tooth enamel.
Collapse
|
23
|
Effects of Streptococcus mutans and their metabolites on the wear behavior of dental restorative materials. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 135:105469. [PMID: 36166938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The wear behavior of dental restorative materials is highly related to the biolubricating medium in the oral environment. Bacteria, along with their metabolic products, are essential substances in the oral cavity and have not been studied as a potential factor affecting lubrication performance during mastication. In this study, the effects of the Streptococcus mutans bacterial cells and their metabolites were investigated on the wear behavior of resin composites, polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks and zirconium-lithium silicate glass-ceramics. A reciprocating friction test and quantitative analysis of the wear morphology were utilized to determine the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear resistance of the test materials. The results showed that the bacterial metabolite medium significantly reduces the COF and wear rate of the three restorative materials and provide better protection against superficial abrasion. When tested under lactic acid medium, a key acid production in bacterial metabolites, similar wear reduction results were observed in the three materials, which confirmed that lactic acid should be accountable for the excellent lubricating property of bacterial metabolites. Furthermore, the resin composite with lower wettability exhibited a more significant wear reduction than the other two materials when lubricating with a bacterial metabolite medium. These findings provide novel insights into the biological basis of lubrication mechanisms in the oral cavity under high-loading and low-velocity conditions.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bai R, Sun Q, He Y, Peng L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Lu W, Deng J, Zhuang Z, Yu T, Wei Y. Ceramic Toughening Strategies for Biomedical Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:840372. [PMID: 35330627 PMCID: PMC8940218 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.840372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at shortage of metal materials, ceramic is increasingly applied in biomedicine due to its high strength, pleasing esthetics and good biocompatibility, especially for dental restorations and implants, artificial joints, as well as synthetic bone substitutes. However, the inherent brittleness of ceramic could lead to serious complications, such as fracture and disfunction of biomedical devices, which impede their clinical applications. Herein, several toughening strategies have been summarized in this review, including reinforcing phase addition, surface modification, and manufacturing processes improvement. Doping metal and/or non-metal reinforcing fillers modifies toughness of bulk ceramic, while surface modifications, mainly coating, chemical and thermal methods, regulate toughness on the surface layer. During fabrication, optimization should be practiced in powder preparation, green forming and densification processes. Various toughening strategies utilize mechanisms involving fine-grained, stress-induced phase transformation, and microcrack toughening, as well as crack deflection, bifurcation, bridging and pull-out. This review hopes to shed light on systematic combination of different toughening strategies and mechanisms to drive progress in biomedical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rushui Bai
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Qiannan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying He
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Peng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yunfan Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhsuan Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zimeng Zhuang
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology and Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhao M, Yang D, Fan S, Yao X, Wang J, Zhu M, Zhang Y. 3D-Printed Strong Dental Crown with Multi-Scale Ordered Architecture, High-Precision, and Bioactivity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104001. [PMID: 34936228 PMCID: PMC8844577 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Mimicking the multi-scale highly ordered hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanocrystal structure of the natural tooth enamel remains a great challenge. Herein, a bottom-up step-by-step strategy is developed using extrusion-based 3D printing technology to achieve a high-precision dental crown with multi-scale highly ordered HAp structure. In this study, hybrid resin-based composites (RBCs) with "supergravity +" HAp nanorods can be printed smoothly via direct ink writing (DIW) 3D printing, induced by shear force through a custom-built nozzle with a gradually shrinking channel. The theoretical simulation results of finite element method are consistent with the experimental results. The HAp nanorods are first highly oriented along a programmable printing direction in a single printed fiber, then arranged in a layer by adjusting the printing path, and finally 3D printed into a highly ordered and complex crown structure. The printed samples with criss-crossed layers by interrupting crack propagation exhibit a flexural strength of 134.1 ± 3.9 MPa and a compressive strength of 361.6 ± 8.9 MPa, which are superior to the corresponding values of traditional molding counterparts. The HAp-monodispersed RBCs are successfully used to print strong and bioactive dental crowns with a printing accuracy of 95%. This new approach can help provide customized components for the clinical restoration of teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menglu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsShanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Danlei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Suna Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsShanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Xiang Yao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsShanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic‐Inorganic CompositesBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029P. R. China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsShanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| | - Yaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsShanghai Belt and Road Joint Laboratory of Advanced Fiber and Low‐dimension MaterialsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schroeder G, Rösch P, Kunzelmann KH. Influence of the preparation design on the survival probability of occlusal veneers. Dent Mater 2022; 38:646-654. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
27
|
Won S, Ko KH, Park CJ, Cho LR, Huh YH. Effect of barium silicate filler content on mechanical properties of resin nanoceramics for additive manufacturing. J Adv Prosthodont 2022; 14:315-323. [DOI: 10.4047/jap.2022.14.5.315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Won
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ho Ko
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Jin Park
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Lee-Ra Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyuk Huh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Research Institute of Oral Science, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lan TH, Chen PH, Fok ASL, Chen YF. Contact fracture test of monolithic hybrid ceramics on different substrates for bruxism. Dent Mater 2021; 38:44-56. [PMID: 34785045 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the minimum thickness required for a monolithic hybrid ceramic crown on different substrates (soft vs stiff) used in posterior dentition for bruxism. METHODS 80 polymer-infiltrated ceramic networks Vita Enamic (PICN VE) disc specimens with four different occlusal thicknesses (0.8, 1.2, 1.6 and 2.0 mm), were produced using a computer-aided design/manufacturing system, and cemented on a stiff (zirconia) or soft (polyamide) substrate of 4-mm thickness. The ten specimens, in soft or stiff groups, were subjected to compressive loading by a MTS machine until fracture or maximum load (4500 N) was reached. The unbroken specimens were examined using optical coherence tomography. Eight axisymmetric finite element models and eight 3D models comprising the four different occlusal thicknesses and two substrates under different vertical loads and sliding movements were constructed. The maximum principal stress was selected to evaluate the stress distribution in this study. RESULTS The fracture resistance of the specimens was significantly different between the two substrates (P < 0.001). Fracture resistance was positively associated with specimen thickness (r = 0.597 and 0.896 for the soft and stiff substrate respectively). Specimens on the soft substrate had lower fracture loads, whilst cone cracks were observed in unbroken samples on different soft/stiff substrate prior to final fracture. The finite element analysis confirmed that samples on the stiff substrate had lower maximum principal stress values than those on the soft substrate. For the maximum principal stress not to exceed the flexural strength of PICN VE, a stiff substrate and minimum thickness of 2.0 mm are required for the prostheses. SIGNIFICANCE A minimum 2.0 mm thick, stiff substrate was needed for bruxism as shown by the effect of high/large chewing force on the posterior dentition of monolithic PICN VE crowns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Hsun Lan
- Division of Prosthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan, ROC; School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807378, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Alex Siu Lun Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| | - Yu-Feng Chen
- Division of Oral Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807377, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sellan PLB, Campaner LM, Tribst JPM, Dal Piva AMDO, de Andrade GS, Borges ALS, Bresciani E, Lanzotti A, Ausiello P. Functional or Nonfunctional Cusps Preservation for Molars Restored with Indirect Composite or Glass-Ceramic Onlays: 3D FEA Study. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213831. [PMID: 34771387 PMCID: PMC8587095 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence regarding the effect of the onlay preparation design for different CAD/CAM restorative materials considering the preservation of cusps is lacking. Molars were 3D-modeled in four preparation designs for onlay restoration: traditional design with functional cusp coverage (TFC), non-retentive design with functional cusp coverage (NFC), traditional design with non-functional cusp coverage (TNFC) and non-retentive design with non-functional cusp coverage (NNFC). The restorations were simulated with two CAD/CAM restorative materials: LD—lithium disilicate (IPS e.max CAD) and RC—resin composite (GrandioBloc). A 100 N axial load was applied to the occlusal surface, simulating the centric contact point. Von Mises (VM) and maximum principal (Pmax) stress were evaluated for restorations, cement layer and dental substrate. The non-retentive preparation design reduced the stress concentration in the tooth structure in comparison to the conventional retentive design. For LD onlays, the stress distribution on the restoration intaglio surface showed that the preparation design, as well as the prepared cusp, influenced the stress magnitude. The non-retentive preparation design provided better load distribution in both restorative materials and more advantageous for molar structure. The resin composite restoration on thenon-functional cusp is recommended when the functional cusp is preserved in order to associate conservative dentistry and low-stress magnitude.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Lenin Benitez Sellan
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 092301, Ecuador;
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12220-690, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (A.L.S.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Larissa Mendes Campaner
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12220-690, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (A.L.S.B.); (E.B.)
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Dental Materials, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.P.M.T.); (A.M.d.O.D.P.)
| | - Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
- Department of Dental Materials, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 LA Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (J.P.M.T.); (A.M.d.O.D.P.)
| | - Guilherme Schmitt de Andrade
- Department of Dentistry, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel 85819-110, Brazil;
| | - Alexandre Luiz Souto Borges
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12220-690, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (A.L.S.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Eduardo Bresciani
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo 12220-690, Brazil; (L.M.C.); (A.L.S.B.); (E.B.)
| | - Antonio Lanzotti
- Fraunhofer JL IDEAS, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy;
| | - Pietro Ausiello
- School of Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Spitznagel FA, Balmer M, Wiedemeier DB, Jung RE, Gierthmuehlen PC. Clinical outcomes of all-ceramic single crowns and fixed dental prostheses supported by ceramic implants: A systematic review and meta-analyses. Clin Oral Implants Res 2021; 33:1-20. [PMID: 34665900 PMCID: PMC9297865 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective To analyze the clinical outcomes of all‐ceramic single crowns (SCs) and fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) supported by ceramic implants. Materials and Methods Based on a focused question and customized PICO framework, electronic (Medline/EMBASE/Cochrane) and manual searches for studies reporting the clinical outcomes of all‐ceramic SCs and FDPs supported by ceramic implants ≥12 months were performed. The primary outcomes were reconstruction survival and the chipping proportion. The secondary outcomes were implant survival, technical complications, and patient‐related outcome measurements. Meta‐analyses were performed after 1, 2, and 5 years using random‐effect meta‐analyses. Results Eight of the 1,403 initially screened titles and 55 full texts were included. Five reported on monolithic lithium disilicate (LS2) SCs, one on veneered zirconia SCs, and two on veneered zirconia SCs and FDPs, which reported all on cement‐retained reconstructions (mean observation: 12.0–61.0 months). Meta‐analyses estimated a 5‐year survival rate of 94% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 82%–100%) for overall implant survival. Reconstruction survival proportions after 5 years were: monolithic LS2, 100% (95%CI: 95%–100%); veneered zirconia SCs, 89% (95%CI: 62%–100%); and veneered zirconia FDPs 94% (95%CI: 81%–100%). The chipping proportion after 5 years was: monolithic LS2, 2% (95%CI: 0%–11%); veneered zirconia SCs, 38% (95%CI: 24%–54%); and veneered zirconia FDPs, 57% (95%CI: 38%–76%). Further outcomes were summarized descriptively. Conclusions Due to the limited data available, only tendencies could be identified. All‐ceramic reconstructions supported by ceramic implants demonstrated promising survival rates after mid‐term observation. However, high chipping proportions of veneered zirconia SCs and, particularly, FDPs diminished the overall outcome. Monolithic LS2 demonstrated fewer clinical complications. Monolithic reconstructions could be a valid treatment option for ceramic implants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Akito Spitznagel
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marc Balmer
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel B Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ronald Ernst Jung
- Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
El-Ma'aita A, A Al-Rabab'ah M, Abu-Awwad M, Hattar S, Devlin H. Endocrowns Clinical Performance and Patient Satisfaction: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Three Monolithic Ceramic Restorations. J Prosthodont 2021; 31:30-37. [PMID: 34378269 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, clinical trial was to assess the survival of endocrowns made from three different monolithic ceramic materials, and to evaluate patient satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-three patients (sixty root canal treated molar teeth) were enrolled. Teeth were prepared to a flat butt-joint margin and randomly divided between three material groups: lithium disilicate-reinforced glass-ceramic, monolithic zirconia and polymer infiltrated hybrid ceramic. Predefined cementation protocols were used. Clinical assessment using modified United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria was carried out after two years by two independent clinicians blinded to the material used. Radiographic examination was conducted to check for the presence of caries, excess cement, and periapical infection. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests as well as the Kaplan-Meier survival estimate. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were available for assessment after 2 years (recall rate 90.6%). The overall Kaplan-Meier survival estimate among all groups was 90.9% with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.17). Three zirconia endocrowns debonded after 9, 10 and 13 months (82.4% survival rate), while 2 hybrid ceramic endocrowns chipped/fractured (89.5% survival rate). Lithium disilicate endocrowns had a 100% survival rate. The Kruskal Wallis test revealed no statistically significant difference between the groups in the USPHS criteria ratings and the radiographic assessment (P>0.05). Patient satisfaction ranged from 82.3% in the zirconia group to 100% in both the lithium disilicate and hybrid ceramic groups. CONCLUSIONS Endocrowns provide a predictable option for the restoration of endodontically treated molar teeth in the short term. Lithium disilicate-reinforced ceramic had fewer complications and required less intervention compared with zirconia and hybrid ceramics. Long-term follow-up is required to substantiate these study results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Susan Hattar
- School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hugh Devlin
- Division of Dentistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jurado CA, Tsujimoto A, Watanabe H, Fischer NG, Hasslen JA, Tomeh H, Baruth AG, Barkmeier WW, Garcia-Godoy F. Evaluation of Polishing Systems for CAD/CAM Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic-Network Restorations. Oper Dent 2021; 46:219-225. [PMID: 34192321 DOI: 10.2341/20-006-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of five different polishing systems on a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network restoration with nanoscale assessment using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and visual assessment performed by dental school senior students and faculty members. METHOD Forty-eight full coverage crowns were milled out of polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network CAD/CAM blocks (Vita Enamic) for polishing with one company proprietary, two ceramic and two composite polishing systems. The prepared crowns were divided into six groups: (1) no polishing (control); (2) polishing with Vita Enamic Polishing Kit (VEna); (3) polishing with Shofu Porcelain Laminate Polishing Kit (SCer); (4) polishing with Brasseler Dialite Feather lite All- Ceramic Adjusting & Polishing System (BCer); (5) polishing with Shofu Composite Polishing Kit (SCom); and (6) polishing with Brasseler Composite Polishing Kit (BCom). The polished crown surface topography was observed, and surface roughness and area were measured with AFM. In addition, polished crowns were visually assessed by 15 senior dental students and 15 dental school faculty members. RESULTS All polishing treatments significantly reduced the surface roughness and area of the crown compared with the control. SCom and BCom showed significantly higher surface area than VEna, and the SCer and BCer groups were intermediate, showing no significant difference from either VEna or SCom and BCom. There were no significant differences in surface roughness between any of the systems. Dental students and faculty members classified the groups polished with VEna, SCer, and BCer groups as clinically acceptable, and they selected BCer group as the best polished restorations and the control group as the least polished restorations. CONCLUSIONS Ceramic and composite polishing systems produced similar polishing results as that observed using a company proprietary polishing system. However, effectiveness for polishing using a company proprietary and ceramic polishing system tends to be higher than composite polishing systems.
Collapse
|
33
|
The effect of different storage media on the monomer elution and hardness of CAD/CAM composite blocks. Dent Mater 2021; 37:1202-1213. [PMID: 33962792 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of different storage media on the hardness and monomer elution of CAD/CAM composite blocks. METHODS Five resin-composite blocks (RCB), one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) block (Enamic (EN)), one ceramic-filled poly ether ether ketone (PEEK) block (Dentokeep (DK)), and one feldspathic ceramic block. Microhardness was measured using a Vickers indenter tester (FM-700, Future Tech Corp., Japan). In addition 4 conventional resin-composites were investigated for monomer elution using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after storage in different media for 3 months. The data were analysed by three-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test and the independent t-test (α=0.05 for all tests). RESULTS The specimens stored in the water had a hardness reduction ranging from 0.9% to 24.4%. In artificial saliva, the specimens had a hardness reduction ranging from 2.8% to 23.2%. The hardness reduction percentage in 75% Ethanol/Water (E/W) ranged between 3.8% and 35.3%. All materials, except GR (resin-composite block) and DK (Polyetheretherketone (PEEK)), showed a variable extent of monomer elution into 75% E/W with significantly higher amounts eluted from conventional composites. GRA and GND (conventional resin-composites) eluted TEGDMA in artificial saliva and GRA eluted TEGDMA in water. SIGNIFICANCE The hardness of CAD/CAM composite blocks was affected by different storage media, and they were not as stable as ceramic, with PICN exhibited superior hardness stability to all of the resin-composite blocks in all the storage media and was comparable to ceramic block. The hardness reduction percentage of the CAD/CAM composite blocks was influenced by the filler loading and resin-matrix composition.Minimal or no monomer elution from CAD/CAM blocks was detected.
Collapse
|
34
|
Spitznagel FA, Röhrig S, Langner R, Gierthmuehlen PC. Failure Load and Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic Translucent Zirconia, PICN and Rapid-Layer Posterior Single Crowns on Zirconia Implants. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14081990. [PMID: 33921126 PMCID: PMC8071484 DOI: 10.3390/ma14081990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This laboratory study aimed to evaluate the thermo-mechanical fatigue behavior and failure modes of monolithic and rapid-layer posterior single-crowns (SCs) supported by zirconia implants. Methods: 120 all-ceramic crowns supported by one-piece zirconia implants (ceramic.implant; vitaclinical) were divided into five groups (n = 24 each): Group Z-HT: 3Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-HT); Group Z-ST: 4Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-ST); Z-XT: 5Y-TZP monolithic-zirconia (Vita-YZ-XT); Group E: monolithic-polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN,Vita-Enamic); Group RL (rapid layer): PICN-“table-top” (Vita-Enamic), 3Y-TZP-framework (Vita-YZ-HT). Half of the specimens of each group (n = 12) were exposed to fatigue with cyclic mechanical loading (F = 198N, 1.2-million cycles) and simultaneous thermocycling (5–55 °C). Single-load-to-failure testing (Z010, Zwick) was performed for all specimens without/with fatigue application. Data analysis was performed using ANOVA, Tukey’s post-hoc test, two-sample t-test and Bonferroni correction (p < 0.05). Results: All specimens survived fatigue exposure. Significant differences in failure loads were detected among groups (p ≤ 0.004). Materials Z-HT and Z-ST showed the highest failure loads followed by Z-XT, RL and E. The influence of fatigue was only significant for material RL. Conclusions: All types of tested materials exceeded clinically acceptable failure load values higher than 900N and can be recommended for clinical use. Z-HT and Z-ST appear to be highly reliable towards fatigue. Rapid-layer design of PICN and YZ-HT might be an interesting treatment concept for posterior implant SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A. Spitznagel
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (P.C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-211-81-04440
| | - Sara Röhrig
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (P.C.G.)
| | - Robert Langner
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Petra C. Gierthmuehlen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (P.C.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bergamo ETP, Yamaguchi S, Coelho PG, Lopes ACO, Lee C, Bonfante G, Benalcázar Jalkh EB, de Araujo-Júnior ENS, Bonfante EA. Survival of implant-supported resin-matrix ceramic crowns: In silico and fatigue analyses. Dent Mater 2021; 37:523-533. [PMID: 33483102 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the fatigue survival, failure mode, and maximum principal stress (MP Stress) and strain (MP Strain) of resin-matrix ceramic systems used for implant-supported crowns. METHODS Identical molar crowns were milled using four resin-matrix ceramics (n = 21/material): (i) Shofu Hard, (ii) Cerasmart (iii) Enamic, and (iv) Shofu HC. Crowns were cemented on the abutments, and the assembly underwent step-stress accelerated-life testing. Use level probability Weibull curves at 300 N were plotted and the reliability at 300, 500 and 800 N was calculated for a mission of 50,000 cycles. Fractographic analysis was performed using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope. MP Stress and MP Strain were determined by finite element analysis. RESULTS While fatigue dictated failures for Cerasmart (β > 1), material strength controlled Shofu Hard, Enamic, and Shofu HC failures (β < 1). Shofu HC presented lower reliability at 300 N (79%) and 500 N (59%) than other systems (>90%), statistically different at 500 N. Enamic (57%) exhibited a significant reduction in the probability of survival at 800 N, significantly lower than Shofu Hard and Cerasmart; however, higher than Shofu HC (12%). Shofu Hard and Cerasmart (>93%) demonstrated no significant difference for any calculated mission (300-800 N). Failure mode predominantly involved resin-matrix ceramic fracture originated from occlusal cracks, corroborating with the MP Stress and Strain location, propagating through the proximal and cervical margins. SIGNIFICANCE All resin-matrix ceramics crowns demonstrated high probability of survival in a physiological molar load, whereas Shofu Hard and Cerasmart outperformed Enamic and Shofu HC at higher loads. Material fracture comprised the main failure mode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edmara T P Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, Hansjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, New York University, 345 24th Street, 10010, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Adolfo C O Lopes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Chunwoo Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gerson Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ernesto B Benalcázar Jalkh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Everardo N S de Araujo-Júnior
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Estevam A Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo, Bauru School of Dentistry. 9-75, Otávio Pinheiro Brisola, 17012-901, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Zamzam H, Olivares A, Fok A. Load capacity of occlusal veneers of different restorative CAD/CAM materials under lateral static loading. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 115:104290. [PMID: 33440327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to analyze the failure of occlusal veneers made of three different restorative CAD/CAM materials under lateral static loading. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty standardized semi-anatomical occlusal veneers were fabricated on natural lower molars from three different CAD/CAM materials: hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic), lithium disilicate (IPS e. max CAD) and translucent zirconia (Bruxzir). The specimens were mechanically loaded by a custom-made device attached to a universal testing machine (MTS 858 Mini Bionix II, MN, USA). Static lateral loading was applied on the buccal cusp of the occlusal veneer until failure. Failure loads were recorded, and the types of failure noted for each group. 3D finite element (FE) models simulating the actual test set-up were further employed to evaluate the stresses within the tooth-restoration complex to help interpret the experimental results. RESULTS Occlusal veneers made from zirconia recorded a significantly higher mean failure load (843.1 ± 141.5 N) than specimens of the other two materials (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the lithium disilicate (493.21 ± 102.24 N) and the hybrid ceramic (499.6 ± 123.1 N) groups (p = 0.863). 74% of the hybrid ceramic and 84% of the lithium disilicate specimens showed veneer fracture, whereas 78% of the zirconia veneers showed debonding. Comparison of the FE-predicted stresses with the different failure strengths corroborated with the experimental results. CONCLUSION Lateral loading caused failure of occlusal veneers at loads significantly lower than those reported for axial loading. Among the materials tested, zirconia veneers showed the highest resistance to failure, with the main failure mode being debonding under lateral loading. The other two material groups failed mainly by veneer fracture at lower loads. HIGHLIGHTS - A novel device was used for testing occlusal veneers under lateral static loading. - 3D-FE analysis explained and corroborated the experimental results. - The relationship between vertical and horizontal forces acting on teeth has been described. - The study highlights the harm of excursive contacts on ceramic restorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hadiel Zamzam
- Prosthodontic Department, National Research Center, Dokki, 12622, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Antonio Olivares
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 16-212 Moos Health Science Tower, 515 Delaware Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pomès B, Behin P, Jordan L, Legoff S, Stoclet G, Richaud E, Nguyen JF. Influence of polymerization pressure and post-cure treatment on conversion degree and viscoelastic properties of polymer infiltrated ceramic network. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 115:104286. [PMID: 33383378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.104286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at determining an optimum polymerization pressure for Polymer Infiltrated Ceramic Network (PICN) blocks by characterizing the conversion degree (DC) and the viscoelastic properties of experimental PICN blocks polymerized at 90 °C under various high pressures followed or not by post-cure treatment (PC). Near infrared analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis were used to characterize DC and viscoelastic properties of sixteen PICN: one control (thermo-cured) and fifteen experimental groups (one thermo-cured followed by PC and fourteen high pressure polymerized PICN, in the range of 50-350 MPa without and with PC). Conversion degree of high pressure polymerized PICN blocks without post curing displays an optimum between 100 and 150 MPa resulting in an improved E' and Tg. Post curing induces a higher DC with a controversial effect on thermomechanical properties. The results suggested that 100-150 MPa without PC is an optimum polymerization parameter, resulting in PICN blocks with significantly better DC, Tg, E'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pomès
- UFR d'Odontologie Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Laboratoire de Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux (PIMM), CNRS, CNAM, UMR, 8006, F-75013, Paris, France
| | | | - Laurence Jordan
- UFR d'Odontologie Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech -CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Legoff
- Unité de Recherches Biomatériaux Innovants et Interfaces (URB2I-EA4462), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Gregory Stoclet
- Université de Lille, CNRS, INRA, ENSCL, UMR 8207 - UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuel Richaud
- Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Laboratoire de Procédés et Ingénierie en Mécanique et Matériaux (PIMM), CNRS, CNAM, UMR, 8006, F-75013, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Nguyen
- UFR d'Odontologie Université de Paris, F-75006, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech -CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, F-75005, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Pitta J, Hjerppe J, Burkhardt F, Fehmer V, Mojon P, Sailer I. Mechanical stability and technical outcomes of monolithic CAD/CAM fabricated abutment-crowns supported by titanium bases: An in vitro study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2020; 32:222-232. [PMID: 33258267 DOI: 10.1111/clr.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate mechanical stability (survival and complication rates) and bending moments of different all-ceramic monolithic restorations bonded to titanium bases (hybrid abutment-crowns) or to customized titanium abutments compared to porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns (PFM) after thermo-mechanical aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty conical connection implants (4.3 mm-diameter) were divided in five groups (n = 12): PFM using gold abutment (GAbut-PFM), lithium disilicate crown bonded to customized titanium abutment (TAbut+LDS), lithium disilicate abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+LDS), zirconia abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+ZR), polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (PICN) abutment-crown bonded to titanium base (TiBase+PICN). Simultaneous thermocycling (5°-55°C) and chewing simulation (1,200,000-cycles, 49 N, 1.67 Hz) were applied. Catastrophic and non-catastrophic events were evaluated under light microscope, and survival and complication rates were calculated. Specimens that survived aging were loaded until failure and bending moments were calculated. RESULTS Survival rates after aging were 100% (TAbut+LDS, TiBase+LDS), 91.7% (GA-PFM), 66.7% (TiBase+ZR) and 58.3% (TiBase+PICN) and differed among the groups (p = .006). Non-catastrophic events as screw loosening (GA-PFM) and loss of retention or micro-/macro-movement (TiBase groups) were observed. Complication rates varied among the groups (p < .001). TiBase+PICN had lower bending moment than all the other groups (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS Hybrid abutment-crowns made of lithium disilicate can be an alternative to PFM-based restorations, although concerns regarding the bonded interface between the titanium base and abutment-crown can be raised. PICN and zirconia may not be recommended due to its inferior mechanical and bonding outcomes, respectively. Titanium customized abutment with bonded lithium disilicate crown appears to be the most stable combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- João Pitta
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jenni Hjerppe
- Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH), Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Prosthodontics and Stomatognathic physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Felix Burkhardt
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Fehmer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Mojon
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Irena Sailer
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University Clinics for Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ruggiero MM, Soares Gomes R, Pedroso Bergamo ET, Freitas MIM, Bonfante EA, Del Bel Cury AA. Resin-matrix ceramics for occlusal veneers: Effect of thickness on reliability and stress distribution. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e131-e139. [PMID: 33276957 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of resin-matrix ceramic material and thickness on reliability and stress distribution of occlusal veneers (OV). METHODS One hundred and twenty-six OV of a mandibular first molar were milled using a CAD/CAM system and allocated according to materials (resin nanoceramic (RNC) or polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN)) and thicknesses (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mm), totaling six groups (RNC0.5, RNC1, RNC1.5, PICN0.5, PICN1, and PICN1.5). Step-stress accelerated-life testing was performed (n = 21/group) with the load applied at the distobuccal cusp tip of the occlusal veneer until failure or suspension. The use level probability Weibull curves and reliability were calculated and plotted (90% CI). Finite element analysis evaluated the stress distribution according to maximum principal stress (σmax) on the restoration and maximum shear stress (τmax) on the cement layer. RESULTS There was no difference in the probability of survival for the estimated missions among the groups, except at 600 N in which the results were significantly lower to PICN1.5 (6%) compared to RNC1 (55%) and RNC1.5 (60%). The σmax values were higher for PICN (31.85-48.63 MPa) than RNC (30.78-33.09 MPa) in the same thicknesses. In addition, 0.5 mm groups concentrated more stress in the restoration (33.09-48.63 MPa) than 1.0 mm (31.11-35.36 MPa) and 1.5 mm (30.78-31.85 MPa) groups in the same material. SIGNIFICANCE Both resin-matrix ceramic materials seem up-and-coming restorative systems for occlusal veneers irrespective of the thicknesses as a consequence of the high reliability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle Maria Ruggiero
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Limeira Avenue, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Rafael Soares Gomes
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Limeira Avenue, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Edmara Tatiely Pedroso Bergamo
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla Avenue, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Mariana Itaborai Moreira Freitas
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Limeira Avenue, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Estevam Augusto Bonfante
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of São Paulo - Bauru School of Dentistry, Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla Avenue, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Altair Antoninha Del Bel Cury
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, University of Campinas - Piracicaba Dental School, Limeira Avenue, 901, Piracicaba, SP, 13414-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abdou A, Takagaki T, Alghamdi A, Tichy A, Nikaido T, Tagami J. Bonding performance of dispersed filler resin composite CAD/CAM blocks with different surface treatment protocols. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:209-219. [PMID: 33162457 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effect of various pretreatments on the bonding of a resin cement to resin-composite CAD/CAM blocks (RCBs) was examined. The surface of dispersed-filler RCBs (DF-RCBs) and a polymer infiltrated ceramic network RCB (PICN-RCB) was roughened using hydrofluoric acid etching (HF) or sandblasting, and followed by silanization and/or universal adhesive (UA) application. Microtensile bond strength (µTBS), surface roughness parameters (arithmetical mean height (Sa); developed interfacial area ratio (Sdr)), and critical surface energy (γc) were determined. For most DF-RCBs, the highest µTBS was obtained using HF+UA. UA application to DF-RCBs resulted in similar or higher µTBS compared to silanization, which indicates that silane treatment is not crucial for DF-RCBs, especially after HF. In contrast, the highest µTBS to PICN-RCB was obtained with silanization. Both roughening pretreatments significantly increased the surface roughness parameters and the γc of all RCBs. The γc was positively correlated with Sa (r=0.756, p<0.001) and Sdr (r=0.837, p<0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdou
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.,Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information
| | - Tomohiro Takagaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University
| | - Ali Alghamdi
- Al-Mikwah Dental Center, Saudi Ministry of Health
| | - Antonin Tichy
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.,Institute of Dental Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague
| | - Toru Nikaido
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Division of Oral Functional Science and Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Asahi University
| | - Junji Tagami
- Department of Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Haralur SB, Alamrey AA, Alshehri SA, Alzahrani DS, Alfarsi M. Effect of different preparation designs and all ceramic materials on fracture strength of molar endocrowns. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2020; 18:2280800020947329. [DOI: 10.1177/2280800020947329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim was to compare the fracture strength of Molar endocrowns fabricated from different all-ceramic materials and various preparation designs. Materials and methods: Ninety extracted human molar teeth were root canal treated and randomly divided into three groups according to the all ceramic materials used for fabrication of the endocrowns ( n = 30): (1) Lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press); (2) Polymer infiltrated ceramic (Vita Enamic); (3) High translucency zirconia (Ceramill Zolid HT). Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups ( n = 10) according to the preparation design as 2 mm occlusal reduction, 4.5 mm occlusal reduction, and 4.5 mm occlusal reduction with 2 mm radicular extension. The endocrowns from each material were fabricated and surface treated according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. After cementation with self-adhesive resin luting cement, the specimens were stored in a humid environment for 72 hours and subsequently subjected to 5000 thermal cycles. After, a compressive, static-axial load was applied using a universal testing machine until failure. Load-to-failure was recorded (N) and the specimens were examined under a stereomicroscope to determine the failure type. The data was statistically analyzed using One-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests at p < 0.05. Results: The Lithium Disilicate endocrowns recorded the higher mean fracture strength for 4.5 mm occlusal thickness and 2 mm radicular extension at 3770.28 N and 3877.40 correspondingly. The High translucency zirconia endocrowns at conventional 2 mm thickness showed the highest mean fracture load (3533.34 N). Even though polymer infiltrated ceramic endocrowns displayed comparatively lesser fracture load; they recorded the predominantly favorable fractures. Conclusions: Increased occlusal thickness showed a significant improvement in fracture strength of lithium disilicate and polymer infiltrated ceramic molar endocrowns. Although the 2 mm radicular extension had the substantial enhancement of fracture strength in high translucency zirconia, it resulted in more unfavorable failure types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh B Haralur
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Ali Alamrey
- College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Mohammed Alfarsi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Schlenz MA, Skroch M, Schmidt A, Rehmann P, Wöstmann B. Monitoring fatigue damage in different CAD/CAM materials: A new approach with optical coherence tomography. J Prosthodont Res 2020; 65:31-38. [PMID: 32938871 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpor_2019_466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate fatigue damage over time, monolithic posterior computer-aided-designed/computer-aided-manufactured (CAD/CAM) crowns were artificially aged in a mouth-motion-simulator, and damage was monitored with optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS Forty-eight crowns were milled of six different CAD/CAM-materials (n=8), including 3Y-TZP (Lava Plus,'3Y'), 4Y-PSZ (Pritidentamultidisc,'4Y'), 5Y-PSZ (Prettauanterior,'5Y'), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (CeltraDuo,'ZLS'), hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic,'VE'),and resin composite (BrilliantCrios,'COM'), and were adhesively luted on CAD/CAM-milled human molars. Specimens were artificially aged in a mouth-motion-simulator (50-500N, 2Hz, 37°C) for a period of 1 million cycles. Before loading and every 250,000 cycles, the specimens were investigated with spectral domain (SD)-OCT (RS-3000). The maximum vertical and horizontal damage were measured with imaging-processing-software (ImageJ). After testing, the specimens were sliced and analysed via light microscope (Zeiss) to compare the new OCT method with the established light microscope method. Data were subjected to ANCOVA and 2x4-ANOVA. RESULTS No failure occurred during mouth-motion-simulation. However, all specimens (except for 3Y and 4Y) showed fatigue damage. There was a significant difference in the maximum damage between the CAD/CAM-materials (p<.05). ZLS exhibited the highest damage, followed by VE, COM and 5Y. While damage associated with 5Y was initially noticed after 750,000 cycles, all other materials already showed crack formation after 250,000 cycles. Furthermore, a linear increase in damage over time was noticed in all materials. Due to the shallow light penetration of OCT, damage in the outer area could only be visualized with light microscope. CONCLUSIONS OCT is feasible for monitoring fatigue damage over time within different CAD/CAM-materials, particularly for subsurface damages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliane Amelie Schlenz
- Justus Liebig University, Dental Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marianne Skroch
- Justus Liebig University, Dental Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Justus Liebig University, Dental Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Rehmann
- Justus Liebig University, Dental Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wöstmann
- Justus Liebig University, Dental Clinic, Department of Prosthodontics, Schlangenzahl 14, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Conejo J, Ozer F, Mante F, Atria PJ, Blatz MB. Effect of surface treatment and cleaning on the bond strength to polymer-infiltrated ceramic network CAD-CAM material. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 126:698-702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
44
|
KANG L, ZHOU Y, LAN J, YU Y, CAI Q, YANG X. Effect of resin composition on performance of polymer-infiltrated feldspar-network composites for dental restoration. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:900-908. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Longzhao KANG
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Yan ZHOU
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Jinle LAN
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Yunhua YU
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Qing CAI
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| | - Xiaoping YANG
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Alamoush RA, Kushnerev E, Yates JM, Satterthwaite JD, Silikas N. Response of two gingival cell lines to CAD/CAM composite blocks. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1214-1225. [PMID: 32561116 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the influence of CAD/CAM composite materials on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and gingival keratinocytes (HGK). METHODS Four materials were investigated: two resin-composite blocks (RCB), Grandio Blocs (GR) and Block HC (HC); one polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) (Enamic, EN); and one conventional resin-composite, Grandioso (GND). HGF and HGK were cultured as per the supplier's protocol (ATCC, UK). Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity were evaluated at 1, 3, 5 and 10 days using LDH and Alamar Blue assays. Indirect immunostaining was used to assess the Caspase-3 activity. Data were analysed via two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05 for all tests). RESULTS There was significant difference in cell proliferation of the HGK and HGF cells in contact with different composite materials but no significant differences in their cytotoxicity. There was a significant effect on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity with different exposure times, for each type of resin-composite. HGF cell proliferation was higher than HGK with almost all investigated materials and at all time points. No Caspase-3 activity was detected in either cell lines. SIGNIFICANCE HGK proliferation and cytotoxicity appeared to be more influenced by composite materials compared to HGF, demonstrating EN cytotoxic effects in HGK. Different manufacturing techniques of resin-composites (photo curing versus heat/pressure curing) had no significant effect on their biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha A Alamoush
- Prosthodontic Department, School of Dentistry, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan; Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Evgeny Kushnerev
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Julian M Yates
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Nick Silikas
- Dentistry, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Influence of Occlusal Thickness and Radicular Extension on the Fracture Resistance of Premolar Endocrowns from Different All-Ceramic Materials. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10082696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Endocrowns are primarily recommended in a molar region with a standardized preparation design. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different occlusal preparation depths, pulp chamber-radicular extension, and all-ceramic materials on the fracture resistance of premolar endocrowns. Ninety human premolar teeth were root canal treated, randomly divided into three main groups according to all-ceramic material used for fabrication as Lithium Disilicate (LD) ceramic, Polymer infiltrated ceramic (PIC) and High translucency zirconia (HTZ). They were further subdivided into three subgroups (n = 10) according to preparation design of 2 mm occlusal reduction, 4.5 mm occlusal reduction and 4.5 mm occlusal reduction with 2 mm radicular extension. The endocrowns from respective restorative materials were fabricated, surface conditioned, and cemented with self-adhesive resin cement. All samples were thermocycled for 5000 cycles and subjected to compressive static load at 45° angluation with the cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/minute until the fracture. The mean fracture resistance of LD ceramic at 2 mm, 4.5 mm thickness and radicular extension was 62.55 MPa, 45.80 MPa, 74.27 MPa respectively. The corresponding values for the PIC and HTZ ceramics were 26.30 MPa, 21.65 MPa, 25.66 Mpa and 23.47 MPa, 27.30 MPa, 37.29 MPa respectively. The LD ceramic and greater extension inside the pulp chamber had higher fracture resistance.
Collapse
|
47
|
Schlenz MA, Fiege C, Schmidt A, Wöstmann B. Microleakage of thin-walled monolithic zirconia and polymer-containing CAD-CAM crowns. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 125:316-322. [PMID: 32151385 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Monolithic restorations facilitate computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) processability and provide thin-walled restorations, which require less tooth reduction. For the long-term success of these restorations, their durable sealing is important. However, data in this regard are sparse. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the microleakage of monolithic complete crowns made from current CAD-CAM materials after mastication simulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-four identical test specimens (crown and tooth) were milled based on corresponding standard tessellation language data sets: one for the crowns and another for the human molar teeth. Four CAD-CAM restoration materials were investigated: 2 polymer-containing materials, Brilliant Crios (BC) and Vita Enamic (VE), and 2 zirconia materials, ultra-high-translucent Nacera Pearl Q³ Multi-Shade (ultraHT) and high-translucent Nacera Pearl Multi-Shade (HT). The crowns were adhesively luted to the CAD-CAM milled human molars with 1 of 3 luting systems: OneCoat7Universal and DuoCem (BC); A.R.T.Bond and DuoCement (VE); or EDPrimer/Panavia F2.0 (ultraHT and HT). The specimens were divided in 2 subgroups, and 2 different mastication simulations were applied: normal function (NF) and bruxism (B). A dye penetration test was used to detect microleakage, and the specimens were sectioned. A digital microscope (Zeiss) was used for analysis and to calculate the percentage of leakage in relation to the height of the tooth. Data were subjected to the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=.05). RESULTS Microleakage was identified in all groups. VE reported the highest leakage with a mean of 13.0%, followed by ultraHT (4.8%), HT (3.6%), and BC (3.0%). No significant difference was detected between the 2 simulation programs (normal function and bruxism). However, VE and the zirconia group HT exhibited a significant difference (P<.014), whereas no significant difference was noted among the zirconia groups or the polymer-containing groups BC and VE. CONCLUSIONS Thin-walled restorations made of CAD-CAM composite resin and zirconia exhibited reduced microleakage compared with the polymer-containing ceramic. Thus, from the specific viewpoint of microleakage, CAD-CAM composite resins and zirconia seem to be suitable materials for thin-walled complete crowns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliane A Schlenz
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Carsten Fiege
- Doctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander Schmidt
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Wöstmann
- Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Sliding contact wear and subsurface damage of CAD/CAM materials against zirconia. Dent Mater 2020; 36:387-401. [PMID: 32007314 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Most previous work conducted on the wear behavior of dental materials has focused on wear rates and surface damage. There is, however, scarce information regarding the subsurface damage arising from sliding contact fatigue. The aim of this study was to elucidate the wear mechanisms and the subsurface damage generated during sliding contact fatigue in 5 contemporary CAD/CAM materials against a zirconia indenter. METHODS Forty discs (Ø12mm, 1.55mm thick) were cut out of IPS e.max CAD (e.CAD), Suprinity PC (SUP), Enamic (ENA), Vitablocs Mark II (VMII) and Lava Ultimate (LU) blocks and mirror polished. After cementation onto a dentin-like composite, off-axis mouth-motion cycling was conducted with a spherical zirconia indenter (r=3.18mm) in water (200N load, 2Hz frequency) for 5 different cycling periods (102, 103, 104, 105, 106 cycles, n=8). Analysis of the wear scars was conducted using light-microscopy, scanning-electron-microscopy and optical profilometry. Subsurface damage was assessed using sagittal and transverse sections of the samples. RESULTS Fatigue wear mechanisms predominated in glassy materials (e.CAD, SUP, VMII), accompanied by extensive subsurface damage, whereas abrasive wear mechanisms were responsible for the large wear craters in the resin composite (LU) with an absolute absence of subsurface fracture. A combination of both mechanisms was observed in the polymer-infiltrated reinforced-glass (ENA), displaying large wear craters and severe subsurface damage. SIGNIFICANCE Well-controlled laboratory simulation can identify wear and subsurface damage susceptibility of various classes of restorative materials. Both wear and subsurface fracture are determining factors for the long-term success of restorations.
Collapse
|
49
|
Tan G, Zhang J, Zheng L, Jiao D, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Ritchie RO. Nature-Inspired Nacre-Like Composites Combining Human Tooth-Matching Elasticity and Hardness with Exceptional Damage Tolerance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1904603. [PMID: 31713926 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201904603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Making replacements for the human body similar to natural tissue offers significant advantages but remains a key challenge. This is pertinent for synthetic dental materials, which rarely reproduce the actual properties of human teeth and generally demonstrate relatively poor damage tolerance. Here new bioinspired ceramic-polymer composites with nacre-mimetic lamellar and brick-and-mortar architectures are reported, which resemble, respectively, human dentin and enamel in hardness, stiffness, and strength and exhibit exceptional fracture toughness. These composites are additionally distinguished by outstanding machinability, energy-dissipating capability under cyclic loading, and diminished abrasion to antagonist teeth. The underlying design principles and toughening mechanisms of these materials are elucidated in terms of their distinct architectures. It is demonstrated that these composites are promising candidates for dental applications, such as new-generation tooth replacements. Finally, it is believed that this notion of bioinspired design of new materials with unprecedented biologically comparable properties can be extended to a wide range of material systems for improved mechanical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Tan
- Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Long Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Da Jiao
- Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Zengqian Liu
- Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Zhefeng Zhang
- Laboratory of Fatigue and Fracture for Materials, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Robert O Ritchie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Yu H, Özcan M, Yoshida K, Cheng H, Sawase T. Bonding to industrial indirect composite blocks: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2019; 36:119-134. [PMID: 31784060 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2019.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of surface conditioning methods on the bond strength of industrial indirect composite blocks (ICs). METHODS Based on the PICOS strategy, the Medline via PubMed, Embase and Web of Science (ISI - Web of Knowledge) electronic databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles in both English and Chinese, with no publication year limit. In vitro studies evaluating the effects of surface conditioning on the bond strength of ICs were selected. The meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the mean difference between surface-conditioned ICs and unconditioned controls. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the different surface conditioning methods, separately for polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) material and the ICs with dispersed fillers (ICDFs). Meta-analyses were performed with a random-effects model at a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE From 802 relevant studies, 25 were selected for full-text analysis. Nineteen studies were eligible for inclusion in this systematic review, whereas 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. A manual search of the principal periodicals specific to the area resulted in no additional articles. The meta-analysis indicated a significant difference in bond strength between the surface-conditioned ICs and controls under both non-aged and aged conditions. The combination of mechanical and chemical conditioning yielded the highest bond strength of ICs. This meta-analysis suggests that chemical etching followed by a universal primer and alumina air abrasion followed by a silane coupling agent could be considered the best strategy for optimizing the bond strength of PICN materials and ICDFs under aged conditions, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Yangqiao Zhong Road 246, Fuzhou 350002, China; Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1 Chome-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan.
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- University of Zurich, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Dental Materials Unit, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Keiichi Yoshida
- Clinic of Fixed Prosthodontics, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1 Chome-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hui Cheng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Yangqiao Zhong Road 246, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Takashi Sawase
- Department of Applied Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1 Chome-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|