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Wu Y, Chen Z, Zheng Z, Li X, Shu J, Mao R, An J, Fan S, Luo R, Guo Y, Xu W, Liang M, Huang K, Wang C. Tudor-SN exacerbates pathological vascular remodeling by promoting the polyubiquitination of PTEN via NEDD4-1. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:88. [PMID: 39237902 PMCID: PMC11378411 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysregulation of vascular homeostasis can induce cardiovascular diseases and increase global mortality rates. Although lineage tracing studies have confirmed the pivotal role of modulated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in the progression of pathological vascular remodeling, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. METHODS The expression of Tudor-SN was determined in VSMCs of artery stenosis, PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs and atherosclerotic plaque. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches were used to explore the role of Tudor-SN in the modulation of VSMCs phenotype both in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS In this study, we demonstrate that Tudor-SN expression is significantly elevated in injury-induced arteries, atherosclerotic plaques, and PDGF-BB-stimulated VSMCs. Tudor-SN deficiency attenuates, but overexpression aggravates the synthetic phenotypic switching of VSMCs and pathological vascular remodeling. Loss of Tudor-SN also reduces atherosclerotic plaque formation and increases plaque stability. Mechanistically, PTEN, the major regulator of the MAPK and PI3K-AKT signaling pathways, plays a vital role in Tudor-SN-mediated regulation on proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Tudor-SN facilitates the polyubiquitination and degradation of PTEN via NEDD4-1, thus exacerbating vascular remodeling under pathological conditions. BpV (HOpic), a specific inhibitor of PTEN, not only counteracts the protective effect of Tudor-SN deficiency on proliferation and migration of VSMCs, but also abrogates the negative effect of carotid artery injury-induced vascular remodeling in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that Tudor-SN deficiency significantly ameliorated pathological vascular remodeling by reducing NEDD4-1-dependent PTEN polyubiquitination, suggesting that Tudor-SN may be a novel target for preventing vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Zilong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoguang Li
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Jiangcheng Shu
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ruiqi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Jie An
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Siyuan Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Ruijie Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Minglu Liang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China.
| | - Cheng Wang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Department of Rheumatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Wuhan, China.
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Tiberio F, Coda ARD, Tosi DD, Luzi D, Polito L, Liso A, Lattanzi W. Mechanobiology and Primary Cilium in the Pathophysiology of Bone Marrow Myeloproliferative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8860. [PMID: 39201546 PMCID: PMC11354938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are a diverse group of blood cancers leading to excessive production of mature blood cells. These chronic diseases, including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF), can significantly impact patient quality of life and are still incurable in the vast majority of the cases. This review examines the mechanobiology within a bone marrow niche, emphasizing the role of mechanical cues and the primary cilium in the pathophysiology of MPNs. It discusses the influence of extracellular matrix components, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, and mechanosensitive structures on hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) behavior and disease progression. Additionally, the potential implications of the primary cilium as a chemo- and mechanosensory organelle in bone marrow cells are explored, highlighting its involvement in signaling pathways crucial for hematopoietic regulation. This review proposes future research directions to better understand the dysregulated bone marrow niche in MPNs and to identify novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Tiberio
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.T.); (L.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Domiziano Dario Tosi
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Debora Luzi
- S.C. Oncoematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera di Terni, 05100 Terni, Italy;
| | - Luca Polito
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.T.); (L.P.)
| | - Arcangelo Liso
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy
| | - Wanda Lattanzi
- Department of Life Science and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.T.); (D.D.T.); (L.P.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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3
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Lan Q, Li J, Zhang H, Zhou Z, Fang Y, Yang B. Mechanistic complement of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: the role of aquaporins. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:773-785. [PMID: 38668786 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-024-02446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a genetic kidney disease caused by mutations in the genes PKD1 or PKD2. Its course is characterized by the formation of progressively enlarged cysts in the renal tubules bilaterally. The basic genetic explanation for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the double-hit theory, and many of its mechanistic issues can be explained by the cilia doctrine. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning this condition's occurrence are still not completely understood. Experimental evidence suggests that aquaporins, a class of transmembrane channel proteins, including aquaporin-1, aquaporin-2, aquaporin-3, and aquaporin-11, are involved in the mechanism of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Aquaporins are either a potential new target for the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, and further study into the physiopathological role of aquaporins in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease will assist to clarify the disease's pathophysiology and increase the pool of potential treatment options. We primarily cover pertinent findings on aquaporins in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Lan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Jie Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hanqing Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yaxuan Fang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Bo Yang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, 300193, China.
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.88, Changling Road, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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4
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Bin S, Yoo M, Molinari P, Gentile M, Budge K, Cantarelli C, Khan Y, La Manna G, Baldwin WM, Dvorina N, Cravedi P, Gusella GL. Reduced decay-accelerating factor expression promotes complement-mediated cystogenesis in murine ADPKD. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e175220. [PMID: 38912583 PMCID: PMC11383362 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.175220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a genetic disease due to mutations of the PKD1 or PKD2 gene, show signs of complement activation in the urine and cystic fluid, but their pathogenic role in cystogenesis is unclear. We tested the causal relationship between complement activation and cyst growth using a Pkd1KO renal tubular cell line and newly generated conditional Pkd1-/- C3-/- mice. Pkd1-deficient tubular cells have increased expression of complement-related genes (C3, C5, CfB, C3ar, and C5ar1), while the gene and protein expression of complement regulators DAF, CD59, and Crry is decreased. Pkd1-/- C3-/- mice are unable to fully activate the complement cascade and are characterized by a significantly slower kidney cystogenesis, preserved renal function, and reduced intrarenal inflammation compared with Pkd1-/- C3+/+ controls. Transgenic expression of the cytoplasmic C-terminal tail of Pkd1 in Pkd1KO cells lowered C5ar1 expression, restored Daf levels, and reduced cell proliferation. Consistently, both DAF overexpression and pharmacological inhibition of C5aR1 (but not C3aR) reduced Pkd1KO cell proliferation. In conclusion, the loss of Pkd1 promotes unleashed activation of locally produced complement by downregulating DAF expression in renal tubular cells. Increased C5a formation and C5aR1 activation in tubular cells promotes cyst growth, offering a new therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Bin
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- University of Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Miran Yoo
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Paolo Molinari
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Micaela Gentile
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Unità Operativa Nefrologia, Azienda-Ospedaliero University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Syrgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Kelly Budge
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chiara Cantarelli
- Unità Operativa Nefrologia, Azienda-Ospedaliero University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Syrgery, University of Parma, Italy
| | - Yaseen Khan
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaetano La Manna
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplant Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero- University of Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - William M Baldwin
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nina Dvorina
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Paolo Cravedi
- Translational Transplant Research Center and Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - G Luca Gusella
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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5
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Padhy B, Amir M, Xie J, Huang CL. Leucine-Rich Repeat in Polycystin-1 Suppresses Cystogenesis in a Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Model of Autosomal-Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2886. [PMID: 38474131 PMCID: PMC10932423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations of PKD1 coding for polycystin-1 (PC1) account for most cases of autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The extracellular region of PC1 contains many evolutionarily conserved domains for ligand interactions. Among these are the leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) in the far N-terminus of PC1. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as an in vivo model system, we explored the role of LRRs in the function of PC1. Zebrafish expresses two human PKD1 paralogs, pkd1a and pkd1b. Knockdown of both genes in zebrafish by morpholino antisense oligonucleotides produced phenotypes of dorsal-axis curvature and pronephric cyst formation. We found that overexpression of LRRs suppressed both phenotypes in pkd1-morphant zebrafish. Purified recombinant LRR domain inhibited proliferation of HEK cells in culture and interacted with the heterotrimeric basement membrane protein laminin-511 (α5β1γ1) in vitro. Mutations of amino acid residues in LRRs structurally predicted to bind laminin-511 disrupted LRR-laminin interaction in vitro and neutralized the ability of LRRs to inhibit cell proliferation and cystogenesis. Our data support the hypothesis that the extracellular region of PC1 plays a role in modulating PC1 interaction with the extracellular matrix and contributes to cystogenesis of PC1 deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chou-Long Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA (J.X.)
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6
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Prosseda PP, Dannewitz Prosseda S, Tran M, Liton PB, Sun Y. Crosstalk between the mTOR pathway and primary cilia in human diseases. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 155:1-37. [PMID: 38043949 PMCID: PMC11227733 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a fundamental catabolic process whereby excessive or damaged cytoplasmic components are degraded through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Studies of mTOR signaling have revealed that mTOR controls biomass generation and metabolism by modulating key cellular processes, including protein synthesis and autophagy. Primary cilia, the assembly of which depends on kinesin molecular motors, serve as sensory organelles and signaling platforms. Given these pathways' central role in maintaining cellular and physiological homeostasis, a connection between mTOR and primary cilia signaling is starting to emerge in a variety of diseases. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the complex crosstalk between the mTOR pathway and cilia and discuss its function in the context of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp P Prosseda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | | | - Matthew Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Paloma B Liton
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States; Palo Alto Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, United States.
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7
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Gallo-Bernal S, Kilcoyne A, Gee MS, Paul E. Cystic kidney disease in tuberous sclerosis complex: current knowledge and unresolved questions. Pediatr Nephrol 2023; 38:3253-3264. [PMID: 36445479 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05820-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder with an estimated incidence of one in 5000 to 10,000 live births worldwide. Two million people of all races and genders are estimated to have TSC secondary to mutations in one of two tumor suppressor genes, TSC1 or TSC2. The respective TSC1 and 2 gene products - hamartin and tuberin - form cytoplasmic heterodimers that inhibit mTOR-mediated cell growth and division. When mTOR inhibition is lost, people with TSC develop characteristic and usually benign tumors in various organ systems. Kidney tumors and cysts are common, particularly in the setting of TSC2 gene mutations. In most TSC patients, the number of kidney cysts is limited, their morphology is simple, their size is small, and their clinical significance is negligible. In some, cyst morphology progresses from simple to complex with the risk of malignant transformation. In others, aggressive accumulation and growth of kidney cysts can cause hypertension, impaired kidney function, and progression to kidney failure. This educational review summarizes current knowledge and remaining open questions regarding cystic kidney disease in TSC, emphasizing detection, classification, surveillance, and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Gallo-Bernal
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aoife Kilcoyne
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Gee
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elahna Paul
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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8
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Pellegrini H, Sharpe EH, Liu G, Nishiuchi E, Doerr N, Kipp KR, Chin T, Schimmel MF, Weimbs T. Cleavage fragments of the C-terminal tail of polycystin-1 are regulated by oxidative stress and induce mitochondrial dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105158. [PMID: 37579949 PMCID: PMC10502374 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene encoding polycystin-1 (PC1) are the most common cause of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Cysts in ADPKD exhibit a Warburg-like metabolism characterized by dysfunctional mitochondria and aerobic glycolysis. PC1 is an integral membrane protein with a large extracellular domain, a short C-terminal cytoplasmic tail and shares structural and functional similarities with G protein-coupled receptors. Its exact function remains unclear. The C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of PC1 undergoes proteolytic cleavage, generating soluble fragments that are overexpressed in ADPKD kidneys. The regulation, localization, and function of these fragments is poorly understood. Here, we show that a ∼30 kDa cleavage fragment (PC1-p30), comprising the entire C-terminal tail, undergoes rapid proteasomal degradation by a mechanism involving the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein. PC1-p30 is stabilized by reactive oxygen species, and the subcellular localization is regulated by reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner. We found that a second, ∼15 kDa fragment (PC1-p15), is generated by caspase cleavage at a conserved site (Asp-4195) on the PC1 C-terminal tail. PC1-p15 is not subject to degradation and constitutively localizes to the mitochondrial matrix. Both cleavage fragments induce mitochondrial fragmentation, and PC1-p15 expression causes impaired fatty acid oxidation and increased lactate production, indicative of a Warburg-like phenotype. Endogenous PC1 tail fragments accumulate in renal cyst-lining cells in a mouse model of PKD. Collectively, these results identify novel mechanisms regarding the regulation and function of PC1 and suggest that C-terminal PC1 fragments may be involved in the mitochondrial and metabolic abnormalities observed in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Sharpe
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Guangyi Liu
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA; Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Eiko Nishiuchi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Doerr
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Kevin R Kipp
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Tiffany Chin
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Margaret F Schimmel
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA.
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9
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Clearman KR, Haycraft CJ, Croyle MJ, Collawn JF, Yoder BK. Functions of the primary cilium in the kidney and its connection with renal diseases. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 155:39-94. [PMID: 38043952 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The nonmotile primary cilium is a sensory structure found on most mammalian cell types that integrates multiple signaling pathways involved in tissue development and postnatal function. As such, mutations disrupting cilia activities cause a group of disorders referred to as ciliopathies. These disorders exhibit a wide spectrum of phenotypes impacting nearly every tissue. In the kidney, primary cilia dysfunction caused by mutations in polycystin 1 (Pkd1), polycystin 2 (Pkd2), or polycystic kidney and hepatic disease 1 (Pkhd1), result in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), a progressive disorder causing renal functional decline and end-stage renal disease. PKD affects nearly 1 in 1000 individuals and as there is no cure for PKD, patients frequently require dialysis or renal transplantation. Pkd1, Pkd2, and Pkhd1 encode membrane proteins that all localize in the cilium. Pkd1 and Pkd2 function as a nonselective cation channel complex while Pkhd1 protein function remains uncertain. Data indicate that the cilium may act as a mechanosensor to detect fluid movement through renal tubules. Other functions proposed for the cilium and PKD proteins in cyst development involve regulation of cell cycle and oriented division, regulation of renal inflammation and repair processes, maintenance of epithelial cell differentiation, and regulation of mitochondrial structure and metabolism. However, how loss of cilia or cilia function leads to cyst development remains elusive. Studies directed at understanding the roles of Pkd1, Pkd2, and Pkhd1 in the cilium and other locations within the cell will be important for developing therapeutic strategies to slow cyst progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Clearman
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Courtney J Haycraft
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Mandy J Croyle
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James F Collawn
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Bradley K Yoder
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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10
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Lassé M, El Saghir J, Berthier CC, Eddy S, Fischer M, Laufer SD, Kylies D, Hutzfeldt A, Bonin LL, Dumoulin B, Menon R, Vega-Warner V, Eichinger F, Alakwaa F, Fermin D, Billing AM, Minakawa A, McCown PJ, Rose MP, Godfrey B, Meister E, Wiech T, Noriega M, Chrysopoulou M, Brandts P, Ju W, Reinhard L, Hoxha E, Grahammer F, Lindenmeyer MT, Huber TB, Schlüter H, Thiel S, Mariani LH, Puelles VG, Braun F, Kretzler M, Demir F, Harder JL, Rinschen MM. An integrated organoid omics map extends modeling potential of kidney disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4903. [PMID: 37580326 PMCID: PMC10425428 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39740-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney organoids are a promising model to study kidney disease, but their use is constrained by limited knowledge of their functional protein expression profile. Here, we define the organoid proteome and transcriptome trajectories over culture duration and upon exposure to TNFα, a cytokine stressor. Older organoids increase deposition of extracellular matrix but decrease expression of glomerular proteins. Single cell transcriptome integration reveals that most proteome changes localize to podocytes, tubular and stromal cells. TNFα treatment of organoids results in 322 differentially expressed proteins, including cytokines and complement components. Transcript expression of these 322 proteins is significantly higher in individuals with poorer clinical outcomes in proteinuric kidney disease. Key TNFα-associated protein (C3 and VCAM1) expression is increased in both human tubular and organoid kidney cell populations, highlighting the potential for organoids to advance biomarker development. By integrating kidney organoid omic layers, incorporating a disease-relevant cytokine stressor and comparing with human data, we provide crucial evidence for the functional relevance of the kidney organoid model to human kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Lassé
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jamal El Saghir
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Celine C Berthier
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Sean Eddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Matthew Fischer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Sandra D Laufer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Kylies
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arvid Hutzfeldt
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Bernhard Dumoulin
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rajasree Menon
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Virginia Vega-Warner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Felix Eichinger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Fadhl Alakwaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Damian Fermin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Anja M Billing
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Akihiro Minakawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Phillip J McCown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Michael P Rose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Bradley Godfrey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Elisabeth Meister
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Wiech
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mercedes Noriega
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Paul Brandts
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wenjun Ju
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Linda Reinhard
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elion Hoxha
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Grahammer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maja T Lindenmeyer
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Thiel
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Laura H Mariani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Victor G Puelles
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Fabian Braun
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kretzler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fatih Demir
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jennifer L Harder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany.
- Hamburg Center for Kidney Health (HCKH), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies (AIAS), Aarhus, Denmark.
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11
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Lin CC, Menezes LF, Qiu J, Pearson E, Zhou F, Ishimoto Y, Anderson DE, Germino GG. In vivo Polycystin-1 interactome using a novel Pkd1 knock-in mouse model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289778. [PMID: 37540694 PMCID: PMC10403143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PKD1 is the most commonly mutated gene causing autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). It encodes Polycystin-1 (PC1), a putative membrane protein that undergoes a set of incompletely characterized post-transcriptional cleavage steps and has been reported to localize in multiple subcellular locations, including the primary cilium and mitochondria. However, direct visualization of PC1 and detailed characterization of its binding partners remain challenging. We now report a new mouse model with HA epitopes and eGFP knocked-in frame into the endogenous mouse Pkd1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9. Using this model, we sought to visualize endogenous PC1-eGFP and performed affinity-purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and network analyses. We show that the modified Pkd1 allele is fully functional but the eGFP-tagged protein cannot be detected without signal amplification by secondary antibodies. Using nanobody-coupled beads and large quantities of tissue, AP-MS identified an in vivo PC1 interactome, which is enriched for mitochondrial proteins and components of metabolic pathways. These studies suggest this mouse model and interactome data will be useful to understand PC1 function, but that new methods and brighter tags will be required to track endogenous PC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chao Lin
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Luis F. Menezes
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jiahe Qiu
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth Pearson
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Fang Zhou
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yu Ishimoto
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - D. Eric Anderson
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gregory G. Germino
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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12
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Yamaguchi S, Kamino M, Hamamura M, Otsuguro KI. The cytosolic N-terminal region of heterologously-expressed transmembrane channel-like protein 1 (TMC1) can be cleaved in HEK293 cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287249. [PMID: 37352201 PMCID: PMC10289374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane channel-like protein 1 (TMC1) is a transmembrane protein forming mechano-electrical transduction (MET) channel, which transduces mechanical stimuli into electrical signals at the top of stereocilia of hair cells in the inner ear. As an unexpected phenomenon, we found that the cytosolic N-terminal (Nt) region of heterologously-expressed mouse TMC1 (mTMC1) was localized in nuclei of a small population of the transfected HEK293 cells. This raised the possibility that the Nt region of heterologously-expressed mTMC1 was cleaved and transported into the nucleus. To confirm the cleavage, we performed western blot analyses. The results revealed that at least a fragment of the Nt region was produced from heterologously-expressed mTMC1. Site-directed mutagenesis experiments identified amino acid residues which were required to produce the fragment. The accumulation of the heterologously-expressed Nt fragment into the nuclei depended on nuclear localization signals within the Nt region. Furthermore, a structural comparison showed a similarity between the Nt region of mTMC1 and basic region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. However, transcriptome analyses using a next-generation sequencer showed that the heterologously-expression of the Nt fragment of mTMC1 hardly altered expression levels of genes. Although it is still unknown what is the precise mechanism and the physiological significance of this cleavage, these results showed that the cytosolic Nt region of heterologously-expressed mTMC1 could be cleaved in HEK293 cells. Therefore, it should be taken into account that the cleavage of Nt region might influence the functional analysis of TMC1 by the heterologous-expression system using HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Maho Kamino
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Maho Hamamura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Otsuguro
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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13
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Qiu J, Germino GG, Menezes LF. Mechanisms of Cyst Development in Polycystic Kidney Disease. ADVANCES IN KIDNEY DISEASE AND HEALTH 2023; 30:209-219. [PMID: 37088523 PMCID: PMC10289784 DOI: 10.1053/j.akdh.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. Most cases result from mutation of either of 2 genes, PKD1 and PKD2, which encode proteins that form a probable receptor/channel complex. Studies suggest that a loss of function of the complex below an indeterminate threshold triggers cyst initiation, which ultimately results in dysregulation of multiple metabolic processes and downstream pathways and subsequent cyst growth. Noncell autonomous factors may also promote cyst growth. In this report, we focus primarily on the process of early cyst formation and factors that contribute to its variability with brief consideration of how new studies suggest this process may be reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Qiu
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gregory G Germino
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD.
| | - Luis F Menezes
- Polycystic Kidney Disease Section, Kidney Disease Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD.
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14
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Onuchic L, Padovano V, Schena G, Rajendran V, Dong K, Shi X, Pandya R, Rai V, Gresko NP, Ahmed O, Lam TT, Wang W, Shen H, Somlo S, Caplan MJ. The C-terminal tail of polycystin-1 suppresses cystic disease in a mitochondrial enzyme-dependent fashion. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1790. [PMID: 36997516 PMCID: PMC10063565 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37449-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most prevalent potentially lethal monogenic disorder. Mutations in the PKD1 gene, which encodes polycystin-1 (PC1), account for approximately 78% of cases. PC1 is a large 462-kDa protein that undergoes cleavage in its N and C-terminal domains. C-terminal cleavage produces fragments that translocate to mitochondria. We show that transgenic expression of a protein corresponding to the final 200 amino acid (aa) residues of PC1 in two Pkd1-KO orthologous murine models of ADPKD suppresses cystic phenotype and preserves renal function. This suppression depends upon an interaction between the C-terminal tail of PC1 and the mitochondrial enzyme Nicotinamide Nucleotide Transhydrogenase (NNT). This interaction modulates tubular/cyst cell proliferation, the metabolic profile, mitochondrial function, and the redox state. Together, these results suggest that a short fragment of PC1 is sufficient to suppress cystic phenotype and open the door to the exploration of gene therapy strategies for ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Onuchic
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Valeria Padovano
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Giorgia Schena
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Vanathy Rajendran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Ke Dong
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Xiaojian Shi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Raj Pandya
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Victoria Rai
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Nikolay P Gresko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Omair Ahmed
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - TuKiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Keck Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Resource, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Keck Mass Spectrometry & Proteomics Resource, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Hongying Shen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Stefan Somlo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Division of Nephrology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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15
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Morleo M, Pezzella N, Franco B. Proteome balance in ciliopathies: the OFD1 protein example. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:201-217. [PMID: 36494254 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The balance of protein synthesis and degradation is finely regulated and influences cellular homeostasis and biological processes (e.g., embryonic development and neuronal plasticity). Recent data demonstrated that centrosomal/ciliary proteins enable proteome control in response to spatial or microenvironmental stimuli. Here, we discuss recent discoveries regarding the role in the balance of the proteome of centrosomal/ciliary proteins associated with genetic disorders known as ciliopathies. In particular, OFD1 was the first example of a ciliopathy protein controlling both protein expression and autophagic/proteasomal degradation. Understanding the role of proteome balance in the pathogenesis of the clinical manifestations of ciliopathies may pave the way to the identification of a wide range of putative novel therapeutic targets for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Morleo
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Nunziana Pezzella
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Franco
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), Via Campi Flegrei, 34, 80078, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy; Scuola Superiore Meridionale (SSM, School of Advanced Studies), Genomics and Experimental Medicine program, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Medical Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via Sergio Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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16
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Restoration of atypical protein kinase C ζ function in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease ameliorates disease progression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2121267119. [PMID: 35867829 PMCID: PMC9335328 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2121267119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) affects more than 500,000 individuals in the United States alone. In most cases, ADPKD is caused by a loss-of-function mutation in the PKD1 gene, which encodes polycystin-1 (PC1). Previous studies reported that PC1 interacts with atypical protein kinase C (aPKC). Here we show that PC1 binds to the ζ isoform of aPKC (PKCζ) and identify two PKCζ phosphorylation sites on PC1's C-terminal tail. PKCζ expression is down-regulated in patients with ADPKD and orthologous and nonorthologous PKD mouse models. We find that the US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug FTY720 restores PKCζ expression in in vitro and in vivo models of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) and this correlates with ameliorated disease progression in multiple PKD mouse models. Importantly, we show that FTY720 treatment is less effective in PKCζ null versions of these PKD mouse models, elucidating a PKCζ-specific mechanism of action that includes inhibiting STAT3 activity and cyst-lining cell proliferation. Taken together, our results reveal that PKCζ down-regulation is a hallmark of PKD and that its stabilization by FTY720 may represent a therapeutic approach to the treat the disease.
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17
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Ardura JA, Martín-Guerrero E, Heredero-Jiménez S, Gortazar AR. Primary cilia and PTH1R interplay in the regulation of osteogenic actions. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2022; 120:345-370. [PMID: 35953116 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Primary cilia are subcellular structures specialized in sensing different stimuli in a diversity of cell types. In bone, the primary cilium is involved in mechanical sensing and transduction of signals that regulate the behavior of mesenchymal osteoprogenitors, osteoblasts and osteocytes. To perform its functions, the primary cilium modulates a plethora of molecules including those stimulated by the parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor type I (PTH1R), a master regulator of osteogenesis. Binding of the agonists PTH or PTH-related protein (PTHrP) to the PTH1R or direct agonist-independent stimulation of the receptor activate PTH1R signaling pathways. In turn, activation of PTH1R leads to regulation of bone formation and remodeling. Herein, we describe the structure, function and molecular partners of primary cilia in the context of bone, playing special attention to those signaling pathways that are mediated directly or indirectly by PTH1R in association with primary cilia during the process of osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Ardura
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, CEU San Pablo University, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Martín-Guerrero
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, CEU San Pablo University, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Heredero-Jiménez
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, CEU San Pablo University, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
| | - Arancha R Gortazar
- Bone Physiopathology Laboratory, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, CEU San Pablo University, CEU Universities, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Knapp B, Roedig J, Roedig H, Krzysko J, Horn N, Güler BE, Kusuluri DK, Yildirim A, Boldt K, Ueffing M, Liebscher I, Wolfrum U. Affinity Proteomics Identifies Interaction Partners and Defines Novel Insights into the Function of the Adhesion GPCR VLGR1/ADGRV1. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103108. [PMID: 35630584 PMCID: PMC9146371 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The very large G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (VLGR1/ADGRV1) is the largest member of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor (ADGR) family. Mutations in VLGR1/ADGRV1 cause human Usher syndrome (USH), a form of hereditary deaf-blindness, and have been additionally linked to epilepsy. In the absence of tangible knowledge of the molecular function and signaling of VLGR1, the pathomechanisms underlying the development of these diseases are still unknown. Our study aimed to identify novel, previously unknown protein networks associated with VLGR1 in order to describe new functional cellular modules of this receptor. Using affinity proteomics, we have identified numerous new potential binding partners and ligands of VLGR1. Tandem affinity purification hits were functionally grouped based on their Gene Ontology terms and associated with functional cellular modules indicative of functions of VLGR1 in transcriptional regulation, splicing, cell cycle regulation, ciliogenesis, cell adhesion, neuronal development, and retinal maintenance. In addition, we validated the identified protein interactions and pathways in vitro and in situ. Our data provided new insights into possible functions of VLGR1, related to the development of USH and epilepsy, and also suggest a possible role in the development of other neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Knapp
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Jens Roedig
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Heiko Roedig
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Jacek Krzysko
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Nicola Horn
- Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Baran E. Güler
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Deva Krupakar Kusuluri
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Adem Yildirim
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Core Facility for Medical Bioanalytics, Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tuebingen, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.); (M.U.)
| | - Ines Liebscher
- Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology (ImP), Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (B.K.); (J.R.); (H.R.); (J.K.); (B.E.G.); (D.K.K.); (A.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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19
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Reiterová J, Tesař V. Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: From Pathophysiology of Cystogenesis to Advances in the Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063317. [PMID: 35328738 PMCID: PMC8949594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic renal disease, with an estimated prevalence between 1:1000 and 1:2500. It is mostly caused by mutations of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes encoding polycystin 1 (PC1) and polycystin 2 (PC2) that regulate cellular processes such as fluid transport, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis and cell adhesion. Reduction of calcium ions and induction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (sAMP) promote cyst enlargement by transepithelial fluid secretion and cell proliferation. Abnormal activation of MAPK/ERK pathway, dysregulated signaling of heterotrimeric G proteins, mTOR, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, AMPK, JAK/STAT activator of transcription and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB) are involved in cystogenesis. Another feature of cystic tissue is increased extracellular production and recruitment of inflammatory cells and abnormal connections among cells. Moreover, metabolic alterations in cystic cells including defective glucose metabolism, impaired beta-oxidation and abnormal mitochondrial activity were shown to be associated with cyst expansion. Although tolvaptan has been recently approved as a drug that slows ADPKD progression, some patients do not tolerate tolvaptan because of frequent aquaretic. The advances in the knowledge of multiple molecular pathways involved in cystogenesis led to the development of animal and cellular studies, followed by the development of several ongoing randomized controlled trials with promising drugs. Our review is aimed at pathophysiological mechanisms in cystogenesis in connection with the most promising drugs in animal and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Reiterová
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Tesař
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence:
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20
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ADULT DOMINANT POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE: A PROTOTYPICAL DISEASE FOR PHARMANUTRITION INTERVENTIONS. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Gupta S, Ozimek-Kulik JE, Phillips JK. Nephronophthisis-Pathobiology and Molecular Pathogenesis of a Rare Kidney Genetic Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12111762. [PMID: 34828368 PMCID: PMC8623546 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The exponential rise in our understanding of the aetiology and pathophysiology of genetic cystic kidney diseases can be attributed to the identification of cystogenic genes over the last three decades. The foundation of this was laid by positional cloning strategies which gradually shifted towards next-generation sequencing (NGS) based screenings. This shift has enabled the discovery of novel cystogenic genes at an accelerated pace unlike ever before and, most notably, the past decade has seen the largest increase in identification of the genes which cause nephronophthisis (NPHP). NPHP is a monogenic autosomal recessive cystic kidney disease caused by mutations in a diverse clade of over 26 identified genes and is the most common genetic cause of renal failure in children. NPHP gene types present with some common pathophysiological features alongside a diverse range of extra-renal phenotypes associated with specific syndromic presentations. This review provides a timely update on our knowledge of this disease, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, anatomical and molecular features. We delve into the diversity of the NPHP causing genes and discuss known molecular mechanisms and biochemical pathways that may have possible points of intersection with polycystic kidney disease (the most studied renal cystic pathology). We delineate the pathologies arising from extra-renal complications and co-morbidities and their impact on quality of life. Finally, we discuss the current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities available for disease management, outlining possible avenues of research to improve the prognosis for NPHP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabarni Gupta
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Justyna E. Ozimek-Kulik
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Sydney Children’s Hospital Network, Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Kathleen Phillips
- Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia; (J.E.O.-K.); (J.K.P.)
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22
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The Zebrafish Model to Understand Epigenetics in Renal Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179152. [PMID: 34502062 PMCID: PMC8431166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are able to alter gene expression and include DNA methylation, different histone variants, and post-transcriptional modifications (PTMs), such as acetylation or phosphorylation, and through short/long RNAs, respectively. In this review, we focus on current knowledge concerning epigenetic modifications in gene regulation. We describe different forms of epigenetic modifications and explain how epigenetic changes can be detected. The relevance of epigenetics in renal diseases is highlighted with multiple examples and the use of the zebrafish model to study glomerular diseases in general and epigenetics in renal diseases in particular is discussed. We end with an outlook on how to use epigenetic modifications as a therapeutic target for different diseases. Here, the zebrafish model can be employed as a high-throughput screening tool not only to discover epigenetic alterations contributing to disease, but also to test novel substances that change epigenetic signatures in vivo. Therefore, the zebrafish model harbors the opportunity to find novel pathogenic pathways allowing a pre-selection of potential targets and compounds to be tested for renal diseases.
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23
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Jung SH, You JE, Choi SW, Kang KS, Cho JY, Lyu J, Kim PH. Polycystin-1 Enhances Stemmness Potential of Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094868. [PMID: 34064452 PMCID: PMC8125233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD) is a disorder that affects the kidneys and other organs, and its major forms are encoded by polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), as PKD1 and PKD2. It is located sandwiched inside and outside cell membranes and interacts with other cells. This protein is most active in kidney cells before birth, and PC1 and PC2 work together to help regulate cell proliferation, cell migration, and interactions with other cells. The molecular relationship and the function between PKD1 and cancer is well known, such as increased or decreased cell proliferation and promoting or suppressing cell migration depending on the cancer cell type specifically. However, its function in stem cells has not been revealed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the biological function of PC1 and umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cell (UCB-MSC). Furthermore, we assessed how it affects cell migration, proliferation, and the viability of cells when expressed in the PKD1 gene. In addition, we confirmed in an ex vivo artificial tooth model generated by the three-dimension printing technique that the ability to differentiate into osteocytes improved according to the expression level of the stemness markers when PKD1 was expressed. This study is the first report to examine the biological function of PKD1 in UCB-MSC. This gene may be capable of enhancing differentiation ability and maintaining long-term stemness for the therapeutic use of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Hwa Jung
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-E.Y.)
| | - Ji-Eun You
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-E.Y.)
| | - Soon-Won Choi
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.-W.C.); (K.-S.K.)
| | - Kyung-Sun Kang
- Adult Stem Cell Research Center and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (S.-W.C.); (K.-S.K.)
| | - Je-Yeol Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea;
| | - Jungmook Lyu
- Myung-Gok Eye Research Institute, Department of Medical Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 320-832, Korea;
| | - Pyung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon 35365, Korea; (S.-H.J.); (J.-E.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-600-8436; Fax: +82-42-600-8408
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24
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Cardiac Involvement in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. CARDIOGENETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics11020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disorders are the main complication in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). contributing to both morbidity and mortality. This review considers clinical studies unveiling cardiovascular features in patients with ADPKD. Additionally, it focuses on basic science studies addressing the dysfunction of the polycystin proteins located in the cardiovascular system as a contributing factor to cardiovascular abnormalities. In particular, the effects of polycystin proteins’ deficiency on the cardiomyocyte function have been considered.
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25
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Wang ZM, Gao XF, Zhang JJ, Chen SL. Primary Cilia and Atherosclerosis. Front Physiol 2021; 12:640774. [PMID: 33633590 PMCID: PMC7901939 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.640774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In artery tree, endothelial function correlates with the distribution of shear stress, a dragging force generated by flowing blood. In laminar shear stress areas, endothelial cells (ECs) are available to prevent atherosclerosis, however, ECs in disturbed shear stress sites are featured with proinflammation and atherogenesis. Basic studies in the shear stress field that focused on the mechanosensors of ECs have attracted the interest of researchers. Among all the known mechanosensors, the primary cilium is distinctive because it is enriched in disturbed shear stress regions and sparse in laminar shear stress areas. The primary cilium, a rod liked micro-organelle, can transmit extracellular mechanical and chemical stimuli into intracellular space. In the cardiovascular system, primary cilia are enriched in disturbed shear stress regions, where blood flow is slow and oscillatory, such as the atrium, downstream of the aortic valve, branches, bifurcations, and inner curves of the artery. However, in the atrioventricular canal and straight vessels, blood flow is laminar, and primary cilia can barely be detected. Primary cilia in the heart cavity prevent ECs from mesenchymal transition and calcification by suppressing transforming growth factor (TGF) signaling. Besides, primary cilia in the vascular endothelium protected ECs against disturbed shear stress-induced cellular damage by triggering Ca2+ influx as well as nitric oxide (NO) release. Moreover, primary cilia inhibit the process of atherosclerosis. In the current review, we discussed ciliogenesis, ciliary structure, as well as ciliary distribution, function and the coordinate signal transduction with shear stress in the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Mei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shao-Liang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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26
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Nigro EA, Boletta A. Role of the polycystins as mechanosensors of extracellular stiffness. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F693-F705. [PMID: 33615892 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00545.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystin-1 (PC-1) is a transmembrane protein, encoded by the PKD1 gene, mutated in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This common genetic disorder, characterized by cyst formation in both kidneys, ultimately leading to renal failure, is still waiting for a definitive treatment. The overall function of PC-1 and the molecular mechanism responsible for cyst formation are slowly coming to light, but they are both still intensively studied. In particular, PC-1 has been proposed to act as a mechanosensor, although the precise signal that activates the mechanical properties of this protein has been long debated and questioned. In this review, we report studies and evidence of PC-1 function as a mechanosensor, starting from the peculiarity of its structure, through the long journey that progressively shed new light on the potential initiating events of cystogenesis, concluding with the description of PC-1 recently shown ability to sense the mechanical stimuli provided by the stiffness of the extracellular environment. These new findings have potentially important implications for the understanding of ADPKD pathophysiology and potentially for designing new therapies.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Polycystin-1 has recently emerged as a possible receptor able to sense extracellular stiffness and to negatively control the cellular actomyosin contraction machinery. Here, we revisit a large body of literature on autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease providing a new possible mechanistic view on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa A Nigro
- Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Diseases, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Boletta
- Molecular Basis of Cystic Kidney Diseases, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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27
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Peintner L, Venkatraman A, Waeldin A, Hofherr A, Busch T, Voronov A, Viau A, Kuehn EW, Köttgen M, Borner C. Loss of PKD1/polycystin-1 impairs lysosomal activity in a CAPN (calpain)-dependent manner. Autophagy 2020; 17:2384-2400. [PMID: 32967521 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1826716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the PKD1 gene result in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common monogenetic cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in humans. Previous reports suggested that PKD1, together with PKD2/polycystin-2, may function as a receptor-cation channel complex at cilia and on intracellular membranes and participate in various signaling pathways to regulate cell survival, proliferation and macroautophagy/autophagy. However, the exact molecular function of PKD1 and PKD2 has remained enigmatic. Here we used Pkd1-deficient mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells (mIMCD3) genetically deleted for Pkd1, and tubular epithelial cells isolated from nephrons of doxycycline-inducible conditional pkd1fl/fl;Pax8rtTA;TetOCre+ knockout mice to show that the lack of Pkd1 caused diminished lysosomal acidification, LAMP degradation and reduced CTSB/cathepsin B processing and activity. This led to an impairment of autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion, a lower delivery of ubiquitinated cargo from multivesicular bodies (MVB)/exosomes to lysosomes and an enhanced secretion of unprocessed CTSB into the extracellular space. The TFEB-dependent lysosomal biogenesis pathway was however unaffected. Pkd1-deficient cells exhibited increased activity of the calcium-dependent CAPN (calpain) proteases, probably due to a higher calcium influx. Consistent with this notion CAPN inhibitors restored lysosomal function, CTSB processing/activity and autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion, and blocked CTSB secretion and LAMP degradation in pkd1 knockout cells. Our data reveal for the first time a lysosomal function of PKD1 which keeps CAPN activity in check and ensures lysosomal integrity and a correct autophagic flux.Abbreviations: acCal: acetyl-calpastatin peptide; ADPKD: autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease; CI-1: calpain inhibitor-1; CQ: chloroquine; Dox: doxycycline; EV: extracellular vesicles; EXO: exosomes; LAMP1/2: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1/2; LGALS1/GAL1/galectin-1: lectin, galactose binding, soluble 1; LMP: lysosomal membrane permeabilization; mIMCD3: mouse inner medullary collecting duct cells; MV: microvesicles; MVB: multivesicular bodies; PAX8: paired box 8; PKD1/polycystin-1: polycystin 1, transient receptor potential channel interacting; PKD2/polycystin-2: polycystin 2, transient receptor potential cation channel; Tet: tetracycline; TFEB: transcription factor EB; VFM: vesicle-free medium; WT: wild-type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Peintner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anusha Venkatraman
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Waeldin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexis Hofherr
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Busch
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Voronov
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Amandine Viau
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - E Wolfgang Kuehn
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michael Köttgen
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies (CIBSS), Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Borner
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), Albert Ludwigs University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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28
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Gerakopoulos V, Ngo P, Tsiokas L. Loss of polycystins suppresses deciliation via the activation of the centrosomal integrity pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000750. [PMID: 32651191 PMCID: PMC7368097 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary cilium is a microtubule-based, antenna-like organelle housing several signaling pathways. It follows a cyclic pattern of assembly and deciliation (disassembly and/or shedding), as cells exit and re-enter the cell cycle, respectively. In general, primary cilia loss leads to kidney cystogenesis. However, in animal models of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, a major disease caused by mutations in the polycystin genes (Pkd1 or Pkd2), primary cilia ablation or acceleration of deciliation suppresses cystic growth, whereas deceleration of deciliation enhances cystogenesis. Here, we show that deciliation is delayed in the cystic epithelium of a mouse model of postnatal deletion of Pkd1 and in Pkd1- or Pkd2-null cells in culture. Mechanistic experiments show that PKD1 depletion activates the centrosomal integrity/mitotic surveillance pathway involving 53BP1, USP28, and p53 leading to a delay in deciliation. Reduced deciliation rate causes prolonged activation of cilia-based signaling pathways that could promote cystic growth. Our study links polycystins to cilia dynamics, identifies cellular deciliation downstream of the centrosomal integrity pathway, and helps explain pro-cystic effects of primary cilia in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Gerakopoulos
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Peter Ngo
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Leonidas Tsiokas
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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29
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Padovano V, Mistry K, Merrick D, Gresko N, Caplan MJ. A cut above (and below): Protein cleavage in the regulation of polycystin trafficking and signaling. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109634. [PMID: 32283256 PMCID: PMC7269866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The polycystin-1 and 2 proteins, encoded by the genes mutated in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease, are connected to a large number of biological pathways. While the nature of these connections and their relevance to the primary functions of the polycystin proteins have yet to be fully elucidated, it is clear that many of them are mediated by or depend upon cleavage of the polycystin-1 protein. Cleavage of polycystin-1 at its G protein coupled receptor proteolytic site is an obligate step in the protein's maturation and in aspects of its trafficking. This cleavage may also serve to prime polycystin-1 to play a role as a non-canonical G protein coupled receptor. Cleavage of the cytoplasmic polycystin-1C terminal tail releases fragments that are able to enter the nucleus and the mitochondria and to influence their activities. Understanding the nature of these cleavages, their regulation and their consequences is likely to provide valuable insights into both the physiological functions served by the polycystin proteins and the pathological consequences of their absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Padovano
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 415 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kavita Mistry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8026, USA
| | - David Merrick
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8026, USA
| | - Nikolay Gresko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8026, USA
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8026, USA.
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30
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Strubl S, Torres JA, Spindt AK, Pellegrini H, Liebau MC, Weimbs T. STAT signaling in polycystic kidney disease. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109639. [PMID: 32325185 PMCID: PMC7269822 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The most common form of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in humans is caused by mutations in the PKD1 gene coding for polycystin1 (PC1). Among the many identified or proposed functions of PC1 is its ability to regulate the activity of transcription factors of the STAT family. Most STAT proteins that have been investigated were found to be aberrantly activated in kidneys in PKD, and some have been shown to be drivers of disease progression. In this review, we focus on the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways in various renal cell types in healthy kidneys as compared to polycystic kidneys, on the mechanisms of STAT regulation by PC1 and other factors, and on the possibility to target STAT signaling for PKD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Strubl
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA; Department II of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jacob A Torres
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Alison K Spindt
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Hannah Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA
| | - Max C Liebau
- Department of Pediatrics and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department II of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Weimbs
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9625, USA.
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Reciprocal Regulation between Primary Cilia and mTORC1. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060711. [PMID: 32604881 PMCID: PMC7349257 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In quiescent cells, primary cilia function as a mechanosensor that converts mechanic signals into chemical activities. This unique organelle plays a critical role in restricting mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling, which is essential for quiescent cells to maintain their quiescence. Multiple mechanisms have been identified that mediate the inhibitory effect of primary cilia on mTORC1 signaling. These mechanisms depend on several tumor suppressor proteins localized within the ciliary compartment, including liver kinase B1 (LKB1), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), polycystin-1, and polycystin-2. Conversely, changes in mTORC1 activity are able to affect ciliogenesis and stability indirectly through autophagy. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of the reciprocal regulation of mTORC1 and primary cilia.
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An Overview of In Vivo and In Vitro Models for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Journey from 3D-Cysts to Mini-Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124537. [PMID: 32630605 PMCID: PMC7352572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inheritable cause of end stage renal disease and, as of today, only a single moderately effective treatment is available for patients. Even though ADPKD research has made huge progress over the last decades, the precise disease mechanisms remain elusive. However, a wide variety of cellular and animal models have been developed to decipher the pathophysiological mechanisms and related pathways underlying the disease. As none of these models perfectly recapitulates the complexity of the human disease, the aim of this review is to give an overview of the main tools currently available to ADPKD researchers, as well as their main advantages and limitations.
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Molinari E, Sayer JA. Disease Modeling To Understand the Pathomechanisms of Human Genetic Kidney Disorders. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 15:855-872. [PMID: 32139361 PMCID: PMC7274277 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.08890719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The class of human genetic kidney diseases is extremely broad and heterogeneous. Accordingly, the range of associated disease phenotypes is highly variable. Many children and adults affected by inherited kidney disease will progress to ESKD at some point in life. Extensive research has been performed on various different disease models to investigate the underlying causes of genetic kidney disease and to identify disease mechanisms that are amenable to therapy. We review some of the research highlights that, by modeling inherited kidney disease, contributed to a better understanding of the underlying pathomechanisms, leading to the identification of novel genetic causes, new therapeutic targets, and to the development of new treatments. We also discuss how the implementation of more efficient genome-editing techniques and tissue-culture methods for kidney research is providing us with personalized models for a precision-medicine approach that takes into account the specificities of the patient and the underlying disease. We focus on the most common model systems used in kidney research and discuss how, according to their specific features, they can differentially contribute to biomedical research. Unfortunately, no definitive treatment exists for most inherited kidney disorders, warranting further exploitation of the existing disease models, as well as the implementation of novel, complex, human patient-specific models to deliver research breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Molinari
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - John A. Sayer
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, International Centre for Life, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Renal Services, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Sussman CR, Wang X, Chebib FT, Torres VE. Modulation of polycystic kidney disease by G-protein coupled receptors and cyclic AMP signaling. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109649. [PMID: 32335259 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is a systemic disorder associated with polycystic liver disease (PLD) and other extrarenal manifestations, the most common monogenic cause of end-stage kidney disease, and a major burden for public health. Many studies have shown that alterations in G-protein and cAMP signaling play a central role in its pathogenesis. As for many other diseases (35% of all approved drugs target G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) or proteins functioning upstream or downstream from GPCRs), treatments targeting GPCR have shown effectiveness in slowing the rate of progression of ADPKD. Tolvaptan, a vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist is the first drug approved by regulatory agencies to treat rapidly progressive ADPKD. Long-acting somatostatin analogs have also been effective in slowing the rates of growth of polycystic kidneys and liver. Although no treatment has so far been able to prevent the development or stop the progression of the disease, these encouraging advances point to G-protein and cAMP signaling as a promising avenue of investigation that may lead to more effective and safe treatments. This will require a better understanding of the relevant GPCRs, G-proteins, cAMP effectors, and of the enzymes and A-kinase anchoring proteins controlling the compartmentalization of cAMP signaling. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of general GPCR signaling; the function of polycystin-1 (PC1) as a putative atypical adhesion GPCR (aGPCR); the roles of PC1, polycystin-2 (PC2) and the PC1-PC2 complex in the regulation of calcium and cAMP signaling; the cross-talk of calcium and cAMP signaling in PKD; and GPCRs, adenylyl cyclases, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases, and protein kinase A as therapeutic targets in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Sussman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Fouad T Chebib
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Vicente E Torres
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
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Molecular pathways involved in injury-repair and ADPKD progression. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109648. [PMID: 32320858 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The major hallmark of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys, which ultimately impairs the normal renal structure and function, leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A large body of evidence suggests that injury-repair mechanisms are part of ADPKD progression. Once cysts have been formed, proliferation and fluid secretion contribute to the cyst size increase, which eventually causes stress on the surrounding tissue resulting in local injury and fibrosis. In addition, renal injury can cause or accelerate cyst formation. In this review, we will describe the various mechanisms activated during renal injury and tissue repair and show how they largely overlap with the molecular mechanisms activated during PKD progression. In particular, we will discuss molecular mechanisms such as proliferation, inflammation, cell differentiation, cytokines and growth factors secretion, which are activated following the renal injury to allow the remodelling of the tissue and a proper organ repair. We will also underline how, in a context of PKD-related gene mutations, aberrant or chronic activation of these developmental pathways and repair/remodelling mechanisms results in exacerbation of the disease.
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Streets A, Ong A. Post-translational modifications of the polycystin proteins. Cell Signal 2020; 72:109644. [PMID: 32320857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited cause of kidney failure and affects up to 12 million people worldwide. Germline mutations in two genes, PKD1 or PKD2, account for almost all patients with ADPKD. The ADPKD proteins, polycystin-1 (PC1) and polycystin-2 (PC2), are regulated by post-translational modifications (PTM), with phosphorylation, glycosylation and proteolytic cleavage being the best described changes. A few PTMs have been shown to regulate polycystin trafficking, signalling, localisation or stability and thus their physiological function. A key challenge for the future will be to elucidate the functional significance of all the individual PTMs reported to date. Finally, it is possible that site-specific mutations that disrupt PTM could contribute to cystogenesis although in the majority of cases, confirmatory evidence is awaited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Streets
- Kidney Genetics Group, Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Albert Ong
- Kidney Genetics Group, Academic Nephrology Unit, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
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TMEM16A drives renal cyst growth by augmenting Ca 2+ signaling in M1 cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:659-671. [PMID: 32185407 PMCID: PMC7220898 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01894-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) leads to continuous decline of renal function by growth of renal cysts. Enhanced proliferation and transepithelial chloride secretion through cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and Ca2+-activated TMEM16A Cl− channels is thought to cause an increase in cyst volume. Recent work shows the pro-proliferative role of the Ca2+ activated Cl− channel TMEM16A (anoctamin 1), and demonstrates the essential contribution of TMEM16A to CFTR-dependent Cl− secretion. The present data demonstrate an increase in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) signals and Cl− secretion by TMEM16A, in renal collecting duct principle cells from dog (MDCK) and mouse (M1) as well as primary tubular epithelial cells from PKD1−/− knockout mice. M1 organoids proliferated, increased expression of TMEM16A, and secreted Cl− upon knockdown of endogenous polycystin 1 or 2 (PKD1,2), by retroviral transfection with shPKD1 and shPKD2, respectively. Knockdown of PKD1 or PKD2 increased basal intracellular Ca2+ levels and enhanced purinergic Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum. In contrast, ryanodine receptors were found not to be expressed in mouse renal epithelial cells and caffeine had no effects on [Ca2+]i. Ca2+ signals, proliferation, and Cl− secretion were largely reduced by knockdown or blockade of TMEM16A. TMEM16A may be therefore important for enhanced Ca2+ release from IP3-sensitive Ca2+ stores in polycystic kidney disease. Key messages • ADPKD leads to continuous decline of renal function by growth of renal cysts. • Knockdown of PKD1 or PKD2 increases TMEM16A expression. • TMEM16A enhanced intracellular Ca2+ signals, Cl− secretion, and proliferation. • TMEM16A contributes to cyst growth in ADPKD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-020-01894-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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38
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Putative Receptors for Gravity Sensing in Mammalian Cells: The Effects of Microgravity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10062028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gravity is a constitutive force that influences life on Earth. It is sensed and translated into biochemical stimuli through the so called “mechanosensors”, proteins able to change their molecular conformation in order to amplify external cues causing several intracellular responses. Mechanosensors are widely represented in the human body with important structures such as otholiths in hair cells of vestibular system and statoliths in plants. Moreover, they are also present in the bone, where mechanical cues can cause bone resorption or formation and in muscle in which mechanical stimuli can increase the sensibility for mechanical stretch. In this review, we discuss the role of mechanosensors in two different conditions: normogravity and microgravity, emphasizing their emerging role in microgravity. Microgravity is a singular condition in which many molecular changes occur, strictly connected with the modified gravity force and free fall of bodies. Here, we first summarize the most important mechanosensors involved in normogravity and microgravity. Subsequently, we propose muscle LIM protein (MLP) and sirtuins as new actors in mechanosensing and signaling transduction under microgravity.
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Verschuren EHJ, Rigalli JP, Castenmiller C, Rohrbach MU, Bindels RJM, Peters DJM, Arjona FJ, Hoenderop JGJ. Pannexin-1 mediates fluid shear stress-sensitive purinergic signaling and cyst growth in polycystic kidney disease. FASEB J 2020; 34:6382-6398. [PMID: 32159259 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902901r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tubular ATP release is regulated by mechanosensation of fluid shear stress (FSS). Polycystin-1/polycystin-2 (PC1/PC2) functions as a mechanosensory complex in the kidney. Extracellular ATP is implicated in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), where PC1/PC2 is dysfunctional. This study aims to provide new insights into the ATP signaling under physiological conditions and PKD. Microfluidics, pharmacologic inhibition, and loss-of-function approaches were combined to assess the ATP release in mouse distal convoluted tubule 15 (mDCT15) cells. Kidney-specific Pkd1 knockout mice (iKsp-Pkd1-/- ) and zebrafish pkd2 morphants (pkd2-MO) were as models for PKD. FSS-exposed mDCT15 cells displayed increased ATP release. Pannexin-1 inhibition and knockout decreased FSS-modulated ATP release. In iKsp-Pkd1-/- mice, elevated renal pannexin-1 mRNA expression and urinary ATP were observed. In Pkd1-/- mDCT15 cells, elevated ATP release was observed upon the FSS mechanosensation. In these cells, increased pannexin-1 mRNA expression was observed. Importantly, pannexin-1 inhibition in pkd2-MO decreased the renal cyst growth. Our results demonstrate that pannexin-1 channels mediate ATP release into the tubular lumen due to pro-urinary flow. We present pannexin-1 as novel therapeutic target to prevent the renal cyst growth in PKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric H J Verschuren
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Juan P Rigalli
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte Castenmiller
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Meike U Rohrbach
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dorien J M Peters
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Francisco J Arjona
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Lea WA, McGreal K, Sharma M, Parnell SC, Zelenchuk L, Charlesworth MC, Madden BJ, Johnson KL, McCormick DJ, Hogan MC, Ward CJ. Analysis of the polycystin complex (PCC) in human urinary exosome-like vesicles (ELVs). Sci Rep 2020; 10:1500. [PMID: 32001768 PMCID: PMC6992733 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The polycystin-1 (PC1), polycystin-2 (PC2) and fibrocystin proteins, the respective products of the PKD1, PKD2 and PKHD1 genes, are abundant in urinary exosome-like vesicles (ELVs) where they form the polycystin complex (PCC). ELVs are 100 nm diameter membrane vesicles shed into the urine by the cells lining the nephron. Using MS/MS analysis of ELVs from individuals with PKD1 mutations and controls, we show that in addition to the well-described GPS/GAIN cleavage event in PC1 at 3048 aa and the proprotein convertase cleavage (PPC) event in fibrocystin at 3616 aa, there are multiple other cleavage events in these proteins. The C-terminal 11 transmembrane portion of PC1 undergoes three cleavage events in vivo. The absence of peptides from the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of fibrocystin implies a cleavage event close to its single TM domain prior to loading onto the ELVs. There is also evidence that the C-terminal tail of PC2 is also cleaved in ELVs. Native gel analysis of the PCC shows that the entire complex is > 2 MDa in size and that N-terminal GPS/GAIN cleaved PC1 and PPC cleaved fibrocystin ectodomains can be released under non-reducing conditions and resolve at 300 kDa. This paper shows that the three major human cystogene proteins are detectable in human urinary ELVs and that all three undergo post-translational proteolytic processing. Human urinary ELVs may be a useful source of material in the search for proteins that interact with the PCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Lea
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Kerri McGreal
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Madhulika Sharma
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Stephen C Parnell
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Lesya Zelenchuk
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - M Cristine Charlesworth
- Mayo Proteomic Core, Medical Sciences Building, Ms 3-121, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Benjamin J Madden
- Mayo Proteomic Core, Medical Sciences Building, Ms 3-121, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Kenneth L Johnson
- Mayo Proteomic Core, Medical Sciences Building, Ms 3-121, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Daniel J McCormick
- Mayo Proteomic Core, Medical Sciences Building, Ms 3-121, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Marie C Hogan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, USA
| | - Christopher J Ward
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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Stayner C, Brooke DG, Bates M, Eccles MR. Targeted Therapies for Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3081-3102. [PMID: 29737248 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180508095654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common life-threatening genetic disease in humans, affecting approximately 1 in 500 people. ADPKD is characterized by cyst growth in the kidney leading to progressive parenchymal damage and is the underlying pathology in approximately 10% of patients requiring hemodialysis or transplantation for end-stage kidney disease. The two proteins that are mutated in ADPKD, polycystin-1 and polycystin-2, form a complex located on the primary cilium and the plasma membrane to facilitate calcium ion release in the cell. There is currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapy to cure or slow the progression of the disease. Rodent ADPKD models do not completely mimic the human disease, and therefore preclinical results have not always successfully translated to the clinic. Moreover, the toxicity of many of these potential therapies has led to patient withdrawals from clinical trials. RESULTS Here, we review compounds in clinical trial for treating ADPKD, and we examine the feasibility of using a kidney-targeted approach, with potential for broadening the therapeutic window, decreasing treatment-associated toxicity and increasing the efficacy of agents that have demonstrated activity in animal models. We make recommendations for integrating kidney- targeted therapies with current treatment regimes, to achieve a combined approach to treating ADPKD. CONCLUSION Many compounds are currently in clinical trial for ADPKD yet, to date, none are FDA-approved for treating this disease. Patients could benefit from efficacious pharmacotherapy, especially if it can be kidney-targeted, and intensive efforts continue to be focused on this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cherie Stayner
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Darby G Brooke
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson 7010, New Zealand
| | - Michael Bates
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael R Eccles
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, 270 Great King Street, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Xue C, Mei CL. Polycystic Kidney Disease and Renal Fibrosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1165:81-100. [PMID: 31399962 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8871-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a common genetic disorder characterized by formations of numerous cysts in kidneys and most caused by PKD1 or PKD2 mutations in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The interstitial inflammation and fibrosis is one of the major pathological changes in polycystic kidney tissues with an accumulation of inflammatory cells, chemokines, and cytokines. The immune response is observed across different stages and occurs prior to or coincident with cyst formation in ADPKD. Evidence for inflammation as an important contributor to cyst growth and fibrosis includes increased interstitial macrophages, upregulated expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, activated complement system, and activated pathways including NF-κB and JAK-STAT signaling in polycystic kidney tissues. Inflammatory cells are responsible for overproduction of several pro-fibrotic growth factors which promote renal fibrosis in ADPKD. These growth factors trigger epithelial mesenchymal transition and myofibroblast/fibrocyte activation, which stimulate the expansion of extracellular matrix (ECM) including collagen I, III, IV, V, and fibronectin, leading to renal fibrosis and reduced renal function. Besides, there are imbalanced ECM turnover regulators which lead to the increased ECM production and inadequate degradation in polycystic kidney tissues. Several fibrosis associated signaling pathways, such as TGFβ-SMAD, Wnt, and periostin-integrin-linked kinase are also activated in polycystic kidney tissues. Although the effective anti-fibrotic treatments are limited at the present time, slowing the cyst expansion and fibrosis development is very important for prolonging life span and improving the palliative care of ADPKD patients. The inhibition of pro-fibrotic cytokines involved in fibrosis might be a new therapeutic strategy for ADPKD in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xue
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Institute of PLA, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Lin Mei
- Division of Nephrology, Kidney Institute of PLA, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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Knapp B, Roedig J, Boldt K, Krzysko J, Horn N, Ueffing M, Wolfrum U. Affinity proteomics identifies novel functional modules related to adhesion GPCRs. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1456:144-167. [PMID: 31441075 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (ADGRs) have recently become a target of intense research. Their unique protein structure, which consists of a G protein-coupled receptor combined with long adhesive extracellular domains, suggests a dual role in cell signaling and adhesion. Despite considerable progress in the understanding of ADGR signaling over the past years, the knowledge about ADGR protein networks is still limited. For most receptors, only a few interaction partners are known thus far. We aimed to identify novel ADGR-interacting partners to shed light on cellular protein networks that rely on ADGR function. For this, we applied affinity proteomics, utilizing tandem affinity purifications combined with mass spectrometry. Analysis of the acquired proteomics data provides evidence that ADGRs not only have functional roles at synapses but also at intracellular membranes, namely at the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). Specifically, we found an association of ADGRs with several scaffold proteins of the membrane-associated guanylate kinases family, elementary units of the γ-secretase complex, the outer/inner mitochondrial membrane, MAMs, and regulators of the Wnt signaling pathways. Furthermore, the nuclear localization of ADGR domains together with their physical interaction with nuclear proteins and several transcription factors suggests a role of ADGRs in gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Knapp
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Roedig
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karsten Boldt
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jacek Krzysko
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nicola Horn
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Ueffing
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research and Medical Bioanalytics, Centre for Ophthalmology, Eberhard-Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Wolfrum
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Molecular Cell Biology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Papavassiliou KA, Zoi I, Gargalionis AN, Koutsilieris M. Polycystin-1 affects cancer cell behaviour and interacts with mTOR and Jak signalling pathways in cancer cell lines. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:6215-6227. [PMID: 31251475 PMCID: PMC6714176 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD), which is attributable to mutations in the PKD1 and PKD2 genes encoding polycystin‐1 (PC1) and polycystin‐2 (PC2) respectively, shares common cellular defects with cancer, such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, abnormal differentiation and increased apoptosis. Interestingly, PC1 regulates many signalling pathways including Jak/STAT, mTOR, Wnt, AP‐1 and calcineurin‐NFAT which are also used by cancer cells for sending signals that will allow them to acquire and maintain malignant phenotypes. Nevertheless, the molecular relationship between polycystins and cancer is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of PC1 in cancer biology using glioblastoma (GOS3), prostate (PC3), breast (MCF7), lung (A549) and colorectal (HT29) cancer cell lines. Our in vitro results propose that PC1 promotes cell migration in GOS3 cells and suppresses cell migration in A549 cells. In addition, PC1 enhances cell proliferation in GOS3 cells but inhibits it in MCF7, A549 and HT29 cells. We also found that PC1 up‐regulates mTOR signalling and down‐regulates Jak signalling in GOS3 cells, while it up‐regulates mTOR signalling in PC3 and HT29 cells. Together, our study suggests that PC1 modulates cell proliferation and migration and interacts with mTOR and Jak signalling pathways in different cancer cell lines. Understanding the molecular details of how polycystins are associated with cancer may lead to the identification of new players in this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kostas A Papavassiliou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilianna Zoi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonios N Gargalionis
- Department of Biopathology, Aeginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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45
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Merrick D, Mistry K, Wu J, Gresko N, Baggs JE, Hogenesch JB, Sun Z, Caplan MJ. Polycystin-1 regulates bone development through an interaction with the transcriptional coactivator TAZ. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:16-30. [PMID: 30215740 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystin-1 (PC1), encoded by the PKD1 gene that is mutated in the autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, regulates a number of processes including bone development. Activity of the transcription factor RunX2, which controls osteoblast differentiation, is reduced in Pkd1 mutant mice but the mechanism governing PC1 activation of RunX2 is unclear. PC1 undergoes regulated cleavage that releases its C-terminal tail (CTT), which translocates to the nucleus to modulate transcriptional pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis. We find that the cleaved CTT of PC1 (PC1-CTT) stimulates the transcriptional coactivator TAZ (Wwtr1), an essential coactivator of RunX2. PC1-CTT physically interacts with TAZ, stimulating RunX2 transcriptional activity in pre-osteoblast cells in a TAZ-dependent manner. The PC1-CTT increases the interaction between TAZ and RunX2 and enhances the recruitment of the p300 transcriptional co-regulatory protein to the TAZ/RunX2/PC1-CTT complex. Zebrafish injected with morpholinos directed against pkd1 manifest severe bone calcification defects and a curly tail phenotype. Injection of messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the PC1-CTT into pkd1-morphant fish restores bone mineralization and reduces the severity of the curly tail phenotype. These effects are abolished by co-injection of morpholinos directed against TAZ. Injection of mRNA encoding a dominant-active TAZ construct is sufficient to rescue both the curly tail phenotype and the skeletal defects observed in pkd1-morpholino treated fish. Thus, TAZ constitutes a key mechanistic link through which PC1 mediates its physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Merrick
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Norcross, GA USA
| | - Kavita Mistry
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Jingshing Wu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Nikolay Gresko
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT USA
| | | | - John B Hogenesch
- Divisions of Perinatal Biology and Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Zhaoxia Sun
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Michael J Caplan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, New Haven, CT USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Norcross, GA USA
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Gargalionis AN, Basdra EK, Papavassiliou AG. Polycystins and Mechanotransduction in Human Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092182. [PMID: 31052533 PMCID: PMC6539061 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the process of mechanotransduction have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as genetic diseases, osteoporosis, cardiovascular anomalies, and cancer. Several studies over the past twenty years have demonstrated that polycystins (polycystin-1, PC1; and polycystin-2, PC2) respond to changes of extracellular mechanical cues, and mediate pathogenic mechanotransduction and cyst formation in kidney cells. However, recent reports reveal the emergence of polycystins as key proteins that facilitate the transduction of mechano-induced signals in various clinical entities besides polycystic kidney disease, such as cancer, cardiovascular defects, bone loss, and deformations, as well as inflammatory processes like psoriasis. Herewith, we discuss data from recent studies that establish this role with potential clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonios N Gargalionis
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Efthimia K Basdra
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
| | - Athanasios G Papavassiliou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
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Outtandy P, Russell C, Kleta R, Bockenhauer D. Zebrafish as a model for kidney function and disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2019; 34:751-762. [PMID: 29502161 PMCID: PMC6424945 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-3921-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Kidney disease is a global problem with around three million people diagnosed in the UK alone and the incidence is rising. Research is critical to develop better treatments. Animal models can help to better understand the pathophysiology behind the various kidney diseases and to screen for therapeutic compounds, but the use especially of mammalian models should be minimised in the interest of animal welfare. Zebrafish are increasingly used, as they are genetically tractable and have a basic renal anatomy comparable to mammalian kidneys with glomerular filtration and tubular filtration processing. Here, we discuss how zebrafish have advanced the study of nephrology and the mechanisms underlying kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Outtandy
- Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital/Medical School, University College London, 1. Floor, Room 1.7007, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Claire Russell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Robert Kleta
- Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital/Medical School, University College London, 1. Floor, Room 1.7007, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Detlef Bockenhauer
- Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free Hospital/Medical School, University College London, 1. Floor, Room 1.7007, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
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Pala R, Mohieldin AM, Sherpa RT, Kathem SH, Shamloo K, Luan Z, Zhou J, Zheng JG, Ahsan A, Nauli SM. Ciliotherapy: Remote Control of Primary Cilia Movement and Function by Magnetic Nanoparticles. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3555-3572. [PMID: 30860808 PMCID: PMC7899146 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Patients with polycystic kidney disease (PKD) are characterized with uncontrolled hypertension. Hypertension in PKD is a ciliopathy, an abnormal function and/or structure of primary cilia. Primary cilia are cellular organelles with chemo and mechanosensory roles. In the present studies, we designed a cilia-targeted (CT) delivery system to deliver fenoldopam specifically to the primary cilia. We devised the iron oxide nanoparticle (NP)-based technology for ciliotherapy. Live imaging confirmed that the CT-Fe2O3-NPs specifically targeted primary cilia in cultured cells in vitro and vascular endothelia in vivo. Importantly, the CT-Fe2O3-NPs enabled the remote control of the movement and function of a cilium with an external magnetic field, making the nonmotile cilium exhibit passive movement. The ciliopathic hearts displayed hypertrophy with compromised functions in left ventricle pressure, stroke volume, ejection fraction, and overall cardiac output because of prolonged hypertension. The CT-Fe2O3-NPs significantly improved cardiac function in the ciliopathic hypertensive models, in which the hearts also exhibited arrhythmia, which was corrected with the CT-Fe2O3-NPs. Intraciliary and cytosolic Ca2+ were increased when cilia were induced with fluid flow or magnetic field, and this served as a cilia-dependent mechanism of the CT-Fe2O3-NPs. Fenoldopam-alone caused an immediate decrease in blood pressure, followed by reflex tachycardia. Pharmacological delivery profiles confirmed that the CT-Fe2O3-NPs were a superior delivery system for targeting cilia more specifically, efficiently, and effectively than fenoldopam-alone. The CT-Fe2O3-NPs altered the mechanical properties of nonmotile cilia, and these nano-biomaterials had enormous clinical potential for ciliotherapy. Our studies further indicated that ciliotherapy provides a possibility toward personalized medicine in ciliopathy patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajasekharreddy Pala
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
| | - Ashraf M. Mohieldin
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
| | - Rinzhin T. Sherpa
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
| | - Sarmed H. Kathem
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
| | - Kiumars Shamloo
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
| | - Zhongyue Luan
- Chemical Engineering & Material Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jian-Guo Zheng
- Irvine Materials Research Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Amir Ahsan
- Department of Physics, Computer Science & Engineering, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Surya M. Nauli
- Department of Biomedical & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy (CUSP), Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Chapman University, Irvine, California 92618, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California 92868, United States
- Corresponding Author: ; . (S.M.N.)
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49
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Patera F, Cudzich-Madry A, Huang Z, Fragiadaki M. Renal expression of JAK2 is high in polycystic kidney disease and its inhibition reduces cystogenesis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4491. [PMID: 30872773 PMCID: PMC6418191 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common renal genetic disorder, however it still lacks a cure. The discovery of new therapies heavily depends on understanding key signalling pathways that lead to ADPKD. The JAnus Kinase and Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway is aberrantly activated and contributes to ADPKD pathogenesis via enhancing epithelial proliferation. Yet the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of JAK/STAT activity in this disease context is completely unknown. Here, we investigate the role of JAK2 in ADPKD using a murine model of ADPKD (Pkd1nl/nl). In normal kidneys, JAK2 expression is limited to tubular epithelial and vascular cells with lesser staining in bowman’s capsule and remains below detection level in the interstitium. By contrast, in kidneys of mice with ADPKD, JAK2 is higher in cyst-lining cells when compared to normal tubules and critically, it is ectopically expressed in the interstitium, suggesting that ectopic JAK2 may contribute to ADPKD. JAK2 activity was inhibited using either curcumin, a natural compound with strong JAK2 inhibitor activity, or Tofacitinib, a clinically used selective JAK small molecule inhibitor. JAK2 inhibition led to significantly reduced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3 and markedly reduced cystic growth of human and mouse ADPKD-derived cells in cystogenesis assays. Taken together, our results indicate that blockade of JAK2 shows promise as a novel therapeutic target in ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foteini Patera
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Cudzich-Madry
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Zhi Huang
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Fragiadaki
- Academic Nephrology Unit, Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2RX, United Kingdom.
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50
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Suwa Y, Higo S, Nakamoto K, Sera F, Kunimatsu S, Masumura Y, Kanzaki M, Mizote I, Mizuno H, Fujio Y, Hikoso S, Sakata Y. Old-Age Onset Progressive Cardiac Contractile Dysfunction in a Patient with Polycystic Kidney Disease Harboring a PKD1 Frameshift Mutation. Int Heart J 2019; 60:220-225. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.18-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Suwa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shuichiro Higo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
- Department of Medical Therapeutics for Heart Failure, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kei Nakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Fusako Sera
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Suzuka Kunimatsu
- Department of Medical Therapeutics for Heart Failure, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yuki Masumura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Machiko Kanzaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Isamu Mizote
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroya Mizuno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasushi Fujio
- Laboratory of Clinical Science and Biomedicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Shungo Hikoso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasushi Sakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
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