1
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Weißenbruch K, Mayor R. Actomyosin forces in cell migration: Moving beyond cell body retraction. Bioessays 2024; 46:e2400055. [PMID: 39093597 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
In textbook illustrations of migrating cells, actomyosin contractility is typically depicted as the contraction force necessary for cell body retraction. This dogma has been transformed by the molecular clutch model, which acknowledges that actomyosin traction forces also generate and transmit biomechanical signals at the leading edge, enabling cells to sense and shape their migratory path in mechanically complex environments. To fulfill these complementary functions, the actomyosin system assembles a gradient of contractile energy along the front-rear axis of migratory cells. Here, we highlight the hierarchic assembly and self-regulatory network structure of the actomyosin system and explain how the kinetics of different nonmuscle myosin II (NM II) paralogs synergize during contractile force generation. Our aim is to emphasize how protrusion formation, cell adhesion, contraction, and retraction are spatiotemporally integrated during different modes of migration, including chemotaxis and durotaxis. Finally, we hypothesize how different NM II paralogs might tune aspects of migration in vivo, highlighting future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Weißenbruch
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roberto Mayor
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London, UK
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2
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Naba A. Mechanisms of assembly and remodelling of the extracellular matrix. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00767-3. [PMID: 39223427 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00767-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is the complex meshwork of proteins and glycans that forms the scaffold that surrounds and supports cells. It exerts key roles in all aspects of metazoan physiology, from conferring physical and mechanical properties on tissues and organs to modulating cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation and migration. Understanding the mechanisms that orchestrate the assembly of the ECM scaffold is thus crucial to understand ECM functions in health and disease. This Review discusses novel insights into the compositional diversity of matrisome components and the mechanisms that lead to tissue-specific assemblies and architectures tailored to support specific functions. The Review then highlights recently discovered mechanisms, including post-translational modifications and metabolic pathways such as amino acid availability and the circadian clock, that modulate ECM secretion, assembly and remodelling in homeostasis and human diseases. Last, the Review explores the potential of 'matritherapies', that is, strategies to normalize ECM composition and architecture to achieve a therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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3
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Resnikoff HA, Schwarzbauer JE. Increased basal fibronectin is sufficient to promote excess endothelial cell matrix assembly causing localized barrier dysfunction. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar120. [PMID: 39046775 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e24-02-0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell behavior is regulated by subendothelial extracellular matrix (ECM). The ECM protein fibronectin (FN) is rare in healthy blood vessels but accumulates in disease accompanied by endothelial dysfunctions. Here, we report that excess assembly of FN disrupts key endothelial functions. We mimicked increased FN expression as in diseased stroma by providing exogenous FN basally in a Transwell insert and found dose-dependent upregulation of subendothelial FN matrix assembly. Taking advantage of discontinuous matrix assembly by endothelial cells, we show correlations between regional increases in FN matrix and disruptions in endothelial cell morphology, VE-cadherin junctions, and the cell cycle, all of which were not changed in FN-deficient regions of the monolayer. These changes affected endothelial barrier function with increased monolayer permeability exposing basal regions of high FN matrix and permitting FN-dependent adhesion of MDA-MB-231 tumor cells from the apical side of the monolayer. FN matrix accumulation was quick and increases in FN matrix preceded all other changes in the endothelium. Therefore, subendothelial accumulation of FN matrix is a cause, not an effect, of endothelial monolayer disorganization and leakiness. Regulating FN accumulation in the subendothelial space could be an important target for controlling progression of fibrosis and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry A Resnikoff
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544
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4
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Dibus M, Joshi O, Ivaska J. Novel tools to study cell-ECM interactions, cell adhesion dynamics and migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2024; 88:102355. [PMID: 38631101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2024.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Integrin-mediated cell adhesion is essential for cell migration, mechanotransduction and tissue integrity. In vivo, these processes are regulated by complex physicochemical signals from the extracellular matrix (ECM). These nuanced cues, including molecular composition, rigidity and topology, call for sophisticated systems to faithfully explore cell behaviour. Here, we discuss recent methodological advances in cell-ECM adhesion research and compile a toolbox of techniques that we expect to shape this field in future. We outline methodological breakthroughs facilitating the transition from rigid 2D substrates to more complex and dynamic 3D systems, as well as advances in super-resolution imaging for an in-depth understanding of adhesion nanostructure. Selected methods are exemplified with relevant biological findings to underscore their applicability in cell adhesion research. We expect this new "toolbox" of methods will allow for a closer approximation of in vitro experimental setups to in vivo conditions, providing deeper insights into physiological and pathophysiological processes associated with cell-ECM adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Dibus
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Omkar Joshi
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Ivaska
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Western Finnish Cancer Center (FICAN West), University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Tukholmankatu 8, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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5
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Morales EA, Wang S. Salivary gland developmental mechanics. Curr Top Dev Biol 2024; 160:1-30. [PMID: 38937029 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The salivary gland undergoes branching morphogenesis to elaborate into a tree-like structure with numerous saliva-secreting acinar units, all joined by a hierarchical ductal system. The expansive epithelial surface generated by branching morphogenesis serves as the structural basis for the efficient production and delivery of saliva. Here, we elucidate the process of salivary gland morphogenesis, emphasizing the role of mechanics. Structurally, the developing salivary gland is characterized by a stratified epithelium tightly encased by the basement membrane, which is in turn surrounded by a mesenchyme consisting of a dense network of interstitial matrix and mesenchymal cells. Diverse cell types and extracellular matrices bestow this developing organ with organized, yet spatially varied mechanical properties. For instance, the surface epithelial sheet of the bud is highly fluidic due to its high cell motility and weak cell-cell adhesion, rendering it highly pliable. In contrast, the inner core of the bud is more rigid, characterized by reduced cell motility and strong cell-cell adhesion, which likely provide structural support for the tissue. The interactions between the surface epithelial sheet and the inner core give rise to budding morphogenesis. Furthermore, the basement membrane and the mesenchyme offer mechanical constraints that could play a pivotal role in determining the higher-order architecture of a fully mature salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Angelo Morales
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, United States
| | - Shaohe Wang
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, United States.
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6
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Gan C, Yaqoob U, Lu J, Xie M, Anwar A, Jalan-Sakrikar N, Jerez S, Sehrawat TS, Navarro-Corcuera A, Kostallari E, Habash NW, Cao S, Shah VH. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells contribute to portal hypertension through collagen type IV-driven sinusoidal remodeling. JCI Insight 2024; 9:e174775. [PMID: 38713515 PMCID: PMC11382879 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.174775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Portal hypertension (PHTN) is a severe complication of liver cirrhosis and is associated with intrahepatic sinusoidal remodeling induced by sinusoidal resistance and angiogenesis. Collagen type IV (COL4), a major component of basement membrane, forms in liver sinusoids upon chronic liver injury. However, the role, cellular source, and expression regulation of COL4 in liver diseases are unknown. Here, we examined how COL4 is produced and how it regulates sinusoidal remodeling in fibrosis and PHTN. Human cirrhotic liver sample RNA sequencing showed increased COL4 expression, which was further verified via immunofluorescence staining. Single-cell RNA sequencing identified liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) as the predominant source of COL4 upregulation in mouse fibrotic liver. In addition, COL4 was upregulated in a TNF-α/NF-κB-dependent manner through an epigenetic mechanism in LSECs in vitro. Indeed, by utilizing a CRISPRi-dCas9-KRAB epigenome-editing approach, epigenetic repression of the enhancer-promoter interaction showed silencing of COL4 gene expression. LSEC-specific COL4 gene mutation or repression in vivo abrogated sinusoidal resistance and angiogenesis, which thereby alleviated sinusoidal remodeling and PHTN. Our findings reveal that LSECs promote sinusoidal remodeling and PHTN during liver fibrosis through COL4 deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Gan
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Usman Yaqoob
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jianwen Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Man Xie
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Abid Anwar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nidhi Jalan-Sakrikar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sofia Jerez
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tejasav S Sehrawat
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Enis Kostallari
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nawras W Habash
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Sheng Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Vijay H Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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7
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Liao C, Hu L, Zhang Q. Von Hippel-Lindau protein signalling in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Nat Rev Urol 2024:10.1038/s41585-024-00876-w. [PMID: 38698165 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-024-00876-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The distinct pathological and molecular features of kidney cancer in adaptation to oxygen homeostasis render this malignancy an attractive model for investigating hypoxia signalling and potentially developing potent targeted therapies. Hypoxia signalling has a pivotal role in kidney cancer, particularly within the most prevalent subtype, known as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Hypoxia promotes various crucial pathological processes, such as hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activation, angiogenesis, proliferation, metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance, all of which contribute to kidney cancer development, growth or metastasis formation. A substantial portion of kidney cancers, in particular clear cell RCC (ccRCC), are characterized by a loss of function of Von Hippel-Lindau tumour suppressor (VHL), leading to the accumulation of HIF proteins, especially HIF2α, a crucial driver of ccRCC. Thus, therapeutic strategies targeting pVHL-HIF signalling have been explored in ccRCC, culminating in the successful development of HIF2α-specific antagonists such as belzutifan (PT2977), an FDA-approved drug to treat VHL-associated diseases including advanced-stage ccRCC. An increased understanding of hypoxia signalling in kidney cancer came from the discovery of novel VHL protein (pVHL) targets, and mechanisms of synthetic lethality with VHL mutations. These breakthroughs can pave the way for the development of innovative and potent combination therapies in kidney cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengheng Liao
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Lianxin Hu
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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8
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Watanabe-Takano H, Kato K, Oguri-Nakamura E, Ishii T, Kobayashi K, Murata T, Tsujikawa K, Miyata T, Kubota Y, Hanada Y, Nishiyama K, Watabe T, Fässler R, Ishii H, Mochizuki N, Fukuhara S. Endothelial cells regulate alveolar morphogenesis by constructing basement membranes acting as a scaffold for myofibroblasts. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1622. [PMID: 38438343 PMCID: PMC10912381 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Alveologenesis is a spatially coordinated morphogenetic event, during which alveolar myofibroblasts surround the terminal sacs constructed by epithelial cells and endothelial cells (ECs), then contract to form secondary septa to generate alveoli in the lungs. Recent studies have demonstrated the important role of alveolar ECs in this morphogenetic event. However, the mechanisms underlying EC-mediated alveologenesis remain unknown. Herein, we show that ECs regulate alveologenesis by constructing basement membranes (BMs) acting as a scaffold for myofibroblasts to induce septa formation through activating mechanical signaling. Rap1, a small GTPase of the Ras superfamily, is known to stimulate integrin-mediated cell adhesions. EC-specific Rap1-deficient (Rap1iECKO) mice exhibit impaired septa formation and hypo-alveolarization due to the decreased mechanical signaling in myofibroblasts. In Rap1iECKO mice, ECs fail to stimulate integrin β1 to recruit Collagen type IV (Col-4) into BMs required for myofibroblast-mediated septa formation. Consistently, EC-specific integrin β1-deficient mice show hypo-alveolarization, defective mechanical signaling in myofibroblasts, and disorganized BMs. These data demonstrate that alveolar ECs promote integrin β1-mediated Col-4 recruitment in a Rap1-dependent manner, thereby constructing BMs acting as a scaffold for myofibroblasts to induce mechanical signal-mediated alveologenesis. Thus, this study unveils a mechanism of organ morphogenesis mediated by ECs through intrinsic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Watanabe-Takano
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Kato
- Department of Cardiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Eri Oguri-Nakamura
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ishii
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Koji Kobayashi
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murata
- Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsujikawa
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takaki Miyata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kubota
- Department of Anatomy, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Hanada
- Department of Cardiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
- Laboratory for Vascular and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki, 889-1962, Japan
| | - Koichi Nishiyama
- Laboratory for Vascular and Cellular Dynamics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki City, Miyazaki, 889-1962, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Watabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate, School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan
| | - Reinhard Fässler
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Hirotaka Ishii
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Naoki Mochizuki
- Department of Cell Biology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibe-shimmachi, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan.
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9
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Czarnowska E, Ratajska A, Jankowska-Steifer E, Flaht-Zabost A, Niderla-Bielińska J. Extracellular matrix molecules associated with lymphatic vessels in health and disease. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:13-34. [PMID: 37350542 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Lymphatic vessels (LyVs), responsible for fluid, solute, and immune cell homeostasis in the body, are closely associated with the adjacent extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules whose structural and functional impact on LyVs is currently more appreciated, albeit not entirely elucidated. These molecules, serving as a platform for various connective tissue cell activities and affecting LyV biology should be considered also as an integral part of the lymphatic system. Any alterations and changes in ECM molecules over the course of disease impair the function and structure of the LyV network. Remodeling of LyV cells, which are components of lymphatic vessel walls, also triggers alterations in ECM molecules and interstitial tissue composition. Therefore, in this review we aimed to present the current knowledge on ECM in tissues and particularly on molecules surrounding lymphatics in normal conditions and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Ratajska
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Ewa Jankowska-Steifer
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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Jin Q, Pandey D, Thompson CB, Lewis S, Sung HW, Nguyen TD, Kuo S, Wilson KL, Gracias DH, Romer LH. Acute downregulation of emerin alters actomyosin cytoskeleton connectivity and function. Biophys J 2023; 122:3690-3703. [PMID: 37254483 PMCID: PMC10541481 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal lung fibroblasts contribute dynamic infrastructure for the developing lung. These cells undergo dynamic mechanical transitions, including cyclic stretch and spreading, which are integral to lung growth in utero. We investigated the role of the nuclear envelope protein emerin in cellular responses to these dynamic mechanical transitions. In contrast to control cells, which briskly realigned their nuclei, actin cytoskeleton, and extracellular matrices in response to cyclic stretch, fibroblasts that were acutely downregulated for emerin showed incomplete reorientation of both nuclei and actin cytoskeleton. Emerin-downregulated fibroblasts were also aberrantly circular in contrast to the spindle-shaped controls and exhibited an altered pattern of filamentous actin organization that was disconnected from the nucleus. Emerin knockdown was also associated with reduced myosin light chain phosphorylation during cell spreading. Interestingly, emerin-downregulated fibroblasts also demonstrated reduced fibronectin fibrillogenesis and production. These findings indicate that nuclear-cytoskeletal coupling serves a role in the dynamic regulation of cytoskeletal structure and function and may also impact the transmission of traction force to the extracellular matrix microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Deepesh Pandey
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Carol B Thompson
- Biostatistics Center, Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shawna Lewis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hyun Woo Sung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Thao D Nguyen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Scot Kuo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Microscope Facility, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Katherine L Wilson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David H Gracias
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for MicroPhysiological Systems, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Laboratory for Computational Sensing and Robotics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lewis H Romer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Center for Cell Dynamics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
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11
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Hakanpää L, Abouelezz A, Lenaerts AS, Culfa S, Algie M, Bärlund J, Katajisto P, McMahon H, Almeida-Souza L. Reticular adhesions are assembled at flat clathrin lattices and opposed by active integrin α5β1. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202303107. [PMID: 37233325 PMCID: PMC10225744 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202303107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Reticular adhesions (RAs) consist of integrin αvβ5 and harbor flat clathrin lattices (FCLs), long-lasting structures with similar molecular composition as clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) carriers. Why FCLs and RAs colocalize is not known. Here, we show that RAs are assembled at FCLs in a process controlled by fibronectin (FN) and its receptor, integrin α5β1. We observed that cells on FN-rich matrices displayed fewer FCLs and RAs. CME machinery inhibition abolished RAs and live-cell imaging showed that RA establishment requires FCL coassembly. The inhibitory activity of FN was mediated by the activation of integrin α5β1 at Tensin1-positive fibrillar adhesions. Conventionally, endocytosis disassembles cellular adhesions by internalizing their components. Our results present a novel paradigm in the relationship between these two processes by showing that endocytic proteins can actively function in the assembly of cell adhesions. Furthermore, we show this novel adhesion assembly mechanism is coupled to cell migration via unique crosstalk between cell-matrix adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Hakanpää
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Amr Abouelezz
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - An-Sofie Lenaerts
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Seyda Culfa
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Algie
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jenny Bärlund
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pekka Katajisto
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Leonardo Almeida-Souza
- Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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12
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Hayashida A, Saeed HN, Zhang F, Song Y, Liu J, Parks WC, Bispo PJM, Park PW. Sulfated motifs in heparan sulfate inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesion onto fibronectin and attenuate corneal infection. PROTEOGLYCAN RESEARCH 2023; 1:e9. [PMID: 38957622 PMCID: PMC11218895 DOI: 10.1002/pgr2.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
A large number of bacterial pathogens bind to host extracellular matrix (ECM) components. For example, many Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens express binding proteins for fibronectin (FN) on their cell surface. Mutagenesis studies of bacterial FN-binding proteins have demonstrated their importance in pathogenesis in preclinical animal models. However, means to draw on these findings to design therapeutic approaches that specifically target FN-bacteria interactions have not been successful because bacterial pathogens can elaborate several FN-binding proteins and also because FN is an essential protein and likely a nondruggable target. Here we report that select heparan compounds potently inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae infection of injured corneas in mice. Using intact heparan sulfate (HS) and heparin (HP), heparinase-digested fragments of HS, HP oligosaccharides, and chemically or chemoenzymatically modified heparan compounds, we found that inhibition of S. pneumoniae corneal infection by heparan compounds is not mediated by simple charge effects but by a selective sulfate group. Removal of 2-O-sulfates significantly inhibited the ability of HP to inhibit S. pneumoniae corneal infection, whereas the addition of 2-O-sulfates to heparosan (H) significantly increased H's ability to inhibit bacterial corneal infection. Proximity ligation assays indicated that S. pneumoniae attaches directly to FN fibrils in the corneal epithelial ECM and that HS and HP specifically inhibit this binding interaction in a 2-O-sulfate-dependent manner. These data suggest that heparan compounds containing 2-O-sulfate groups protect against S. pneumoniae corneal infection by inhibiting bacterial attachment to FN fibrils in the subepithelial ECM of injured corneas. Moreover, 2-O-sulfated heparan compounds significantly inhibited corneal infection in immunocompromised hosts, by a clinical keratitis isolate of S. pneumoniae, and also when topically administered in a therapeutic manner. These findings suggest that the administration of nonanticoagulant 2-O-sulfated heparan compounds may represent a plausible approach to the treatment of S. pneumoniae keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Hayashida
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hajirah N. Saeed
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Yuefan Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - William C. Parks
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Paulo J. M. Bispo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pyong Woo Park
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Liu H, Wei JY, Li Y, Ban M, Sun Q, Wang HJ, Zhao D, Tong PG, Wang L, Wang KJ, Yue JL, Zhang HY, Fang WG, Liu DX, Shang DS, Li B, Jin YP, Cao L, Zhao WD, Chen YH. Endothelial depletion of Atg7 triggers astrocyte-microvascular disassociation at blood-brain barrier. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202103098. [PMID: 36995368 PMCID: PMC10067974 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202103098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Microvascular basement membrane (BM) plays a pivotal role in the interactions of astrocyte with endothelium to maintain the blood-brain barrier (BBB) homeostasis; however, the significance and precise regulation of the endothelial cell-derived BM component in the BBB remain incompletely understood. Here, we report that conditional knockout of Atg7 in endothelial cells (Atg7-ECKO) leads to astrocyte-microvascular disassociation in the brain. Our results reveal astrocytic endfeet detachment from microvessels and BBB leakage in Atg7-ECKO mice. Furthermore, we find that the absence of endothelial Atg7 downregulates the expression of fibronectin, a major BM component of the BBB, causing significantly reduced coverage of astrocytes along cerebral microvessels. We reveal Atg7 triggers the expression of endothelial fibronectin via regulating PKA activity to affect the phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein. These results suggest that Atg7-regulated endothelial fibronectin production is required for astrocytes adhesion to microvascular wall for maintaining the BBB homeostasis. Thus, endothelial Atg7 plays an essential role in astrocyte-endothelium interactions to maintain the BBB integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Yi Wei
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meng Ban
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui-Jie Wang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pai-Ge Tong
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kang-Ji Wang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jin-Li Yue
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen-Gang Fang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong-Xin Liu
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - De-Shu Shang
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Ping Jin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Liaoning Province Collaborative Innovation Center of Aging Related Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Prevention, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhao
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hua Chen
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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14
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Archer Goode E, Wang N, Munkley J. Prostate cancer bone metastases biology and clinical management (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:163. [PMID: 36960185 PMCID: PMC10028493 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prominent causes of cancer-related mortality in the male population. A highly impactful prognostic factor for patients diagnosed with PCa is the presence or absence of bone metastases. The formation of secondary tumours at the bone is the most commonly observed site for the establishment of PCa metastases and is associated with reduced survival of patients in addition to a cohort of life-debilitating symptoms, including mobility issues and chronic pain. Despite the prevalence of this disease presentation and the high medical relevance of bone metastases, the mechanisms underlying the formation of metastases to the bone and the understanding of what drives the osteotropism exhibited by prostate tumours remain to be fully elucidated. This lack of in-depth understanding manifests in limited effective treatment options for patients with advanced metastatic PCa and culminates in the low rate of survival observed for this sub-set of patients. The present review aims to summarise the most recent promising advances in the understanding of how and why prostate tumours metastasise to the bone, with the ultimate aim of highlighting novel treatment and prognostic targets, which may provide the opportunity to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with PCa with bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, International Centre for Life, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
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15
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Geiger B, Boujemaa-Paterski R, Winograd-Katz SE, Balan Venghateri J, Chung WL, Medalia O. The Actin Network Interfacing Diverse Integrin-Mediated Adhesions. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020294. [PMID: 36830665 PMCID: PMC9953007 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The interface between the cellular actin network and diverse forms of integrin-mediated cell adhesions displays a unique capacity to serve as accurate chemical and mechanical sensors of the cell's microenvironment. Focal adhesion-like structures of diverse cell types, podosomes in osteoclasts, and invadopodia of invading cancer cells display distinct morphologies and apparent functions. Yet, all three share a similar composition and mode of coupling between a protrusive structure (the lamellipodium, the core actin bundle of the podosome, and the invadopodia protrusion, respectively), and a nearby adhesion site. Cytoskeletal or external forces, applied to the adhesion sites, trigger a cascade of unfolding and activation of key adhesome components (e.g., talin, vinculin, integrin), which in turn, trigger the assembly of adhesion sites and generation of adhesion-mediated signals that affect cell behavior and fate. The structural and molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamic crosstalk between the actin cytoskeleton and the adhesome network are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Geiger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (O.M.)
| | - Rajaa Boujemaa-Paterski
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sabina E. Winograd-Katz
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Jubina Balan Venghateri
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Wen-Lu Chung
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ohad Medalia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (B.G.); (O.M.)
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16
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Matrix from urine stem cells boosts tissue-specific stem cell mediated functional cartilage reconstruction. Bioact Mater 2022; 23:353-367. [PMID: 36474659 PMCID: PMC9709166 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage has a limited capacity to self-heal once damaged. Tissue-specific stem cells are a solution for cartilage regeneration; however, ex vivo expansion resulting in cell senescence remains a challenge as a large quantity of high-quality tissue-specific stem cells are needed for cartilage regeneration. Our previous report demonstrated that decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) deposited by human synovium-derived stem cells (SDSCs), adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), urine-derived stem cells (UDSCs), or dermal fibroblasts (DFs) provided an ex vivo solution to rejuvenate human SDSCs in proliferation and chondrogenic potential, particularly for dECM deposited by UDSCs. To make the cell-derived dECM (C-dECM) approach applicable clinically, in this study, we evaluated ex vivo rejuvenation of rabbit infrapatellar fat pad-derived stem cells (IPFSCs), an easily accessible alternative for SDSCs, by the abovementioned C-dECMs, in vivo application for functional cartilage repair in a rabbit osteochondral defect model, and potential cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this rejuvenation. We found that C-dECM rejuvenation promoted rabbit IPFSCs' cartilage engineering and functional regeneration in both ex vivo and in vivo models, particularly for the dECM deposited by UDSCs, which was further confirmed by proteomics data. RNA-Seq analysis indicated that both mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and inflammation-mediated macrophage activation and polarization are potentially involved in the C-dECM-mediated promotion of IPFSCs' chondrogenic capacity, which needs further investigation.
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17
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Atherton P, Konstantinou R, Neo SP, Wang E, Balloi E, Ptushkina M, Bennett H, Clark K, Gunaratne J, Critchley D, Barsukov I, Manser E, Ballestrem C. Tensin3 interaction with talin drives the formation of fibronectin-associated fibrillar adhesions. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2022; 221:213452. [PMID: 36074065 PMCID: PMC9462884 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202107022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of healthy tissue involves continuous remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Whilst it is known that this requires integrin-associated cell-ECM adhesion sites (CMAs) and actomyosin-mediated forces, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examine how tensin3 contributes to the formation of fibrillar adhesions (FBs) and fibronectin fibrillogenesis. Using BioID mass spectrometry and a mitochondrial targeting assay, we establish that tensin3 associates with the mechanosensors such as talin and vinculin. We show that the talin R11 rod domain binds directly to a helical motif within the central intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of tensin3, whilst vinculin binds indirectly to tensin3 via talin. Using CRISPR knock-out cells in combination with defined tensin3 mutations, we show (i) that tensin3 is critical for the formation of α5β1-integrin FBs and for fibronectin fibrillogenesis, and (ii) the talin/tensin3 interaction drives this process, with vinculin acting to potentiate it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Atherton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Biology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rafaella Konstantinou
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,sGSK Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Suat Peng Neo
- Quantitative Proteomics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Emily Wang
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eleonora Balloi
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Marina Ptushkina
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Hayley Bennett
- Genome Editing Unit, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kath Clark
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Jayantha Gunaratne
- Quantitative Proteomics Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Critchley
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Igor Barsukov
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Edward Manser
- sGSK Group, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christoph Ballestrem
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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18
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Peuhu E, Jacquemet G, Scheele CL, Isomursu A, Laisne MC, Koskinen LM, Paatero I, Thol K, Georgiadou M, Guzmán C, Koskinen S, Laiho A, Elo LL, Boström P, Hartiala P, van Rheenen J, Ivaska J. MYO10-filopodia support basement membranes at pre-invasive tumor boundaries. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2350-2364.e7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Yamada KM, Doyle AD, Lu J. Cell-3D matrix interactions: recent advances and opportunities. Trends Cell Biol 2022; 32:883-895. [PMID: 35410820 PMCID: PMC9464680 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Tissues consist of cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Cell-ECM interactions play crucial roles in embryonic development, differentiation, tissue remodeling, and diseases including fibrosis and cancer. Recent research advances in characterizing cell-matrix interactions include detailed descriptions of hundreds of ECM and associated molecules, their complex intermolecular interactions in development and disease, identification of distinctive modes of cell migration in different 3D ECMs, and new insights into mechanisms of organ formation. Exploring the roles of the physical features of different ECM microenvironments and the bidirectional regulation of cell signaling and matrix organization emphasize the dynamic nature of these interactions, which can include feedback loops that exacerbate disease. Understanding mechanisms of cell-matrix interactions can potentially lead to targeted therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Andrew D Doyle
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jiaoyang Lu
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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20
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The Extracellular Matrix Environment of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174072. [PMID: 36077607 PMCID: PMC9454539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The extracellular matrix (ECM) controls fundamental properties of tumors, including growth, blood vessel investment, and invasion. The ECM defines rigidity of tumor tissue and individual ECM proteins have distinct biological effects on tumor cells. This article reviews the composition and biological functions of the ECM of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The most frequent initiating genetic mutation in ccRCC inactivates the VHL gene, which plays a direct role in organizing the ECM. This is predicted to result in local ECM modification, which promotes the growth of tumor cells and the invasion of blood vessels. Later in tumor growth, connective tissue cells are recruited, which are predicted to produce large amounts of ECM, affecting the growth and invasive behaviors of tumor cells. Strategies to therapeutically control the ECM are under active investigation and a better understanding of the ccRCC ECM will determine the applicability of ECM-modifying drugs to this type of cancer. Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) of tumors is a complex mix of components characteristic of the tissue of origin. In the majority of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs), the tumor suppressor VHL is inactivated. VHL controls matrix organization and its loss promotes a loosely organized and angiogenic matrix, predicted to be an early step in tumor formation. During tumor evolution, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) accumulate, and they are predicted to produce abundant ECM. The ccRCC ECM composition qualitatively resembles that of the healthy kidney cortex in which the tumor arises, but there are important differences. One is the quantitative difference between a healthy cortex ECM and a tumor ECM; a tumor ECM contains a higher proportion of interstitial matrix components and a lower proportion of basement membrane components. Another is the breakdown of tissue compartments in the tumor with mixing of ECM components that are physically separated in healthy kidney cortex. Numerous studies reviewed in this work reveal effects of specific ECM components on the growth and invasive behaviors of ccRCCs, and extrapolation from other work suggests an important role for ECM in controlling ccRCC tumor rigidity, which is predicted to be a key determinant of invasive behavior.
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21
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Tomer D, Arriagada C, Munshi S, Alexander BE, French B, Vedula P, Caorsi V, House A, Guvendiren M, Kashina A, Schwarzbauer JE, Astrof S. A new mechanism of fibronectin fibril assembly revealed by live imaging and super-resolution microscopy. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:jcs260120. [PMID: 35851804 PMCID: PMC9481930 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (Fn1) fibrils have long been viewed as continuous fibers composed of extended, periodically aligned Fn1 molecules. However, our live-imaging and single-molecule localization microscopy data are inconsistent with this traditional view and show that Fn1 fibrils are composed of roughly spherical nanodomains containing six to eleven Fn1 dimers. As they move toward the cell center, Fn1 nanodomains become organized into linear arrays, in which nanodomains are spaced with an average periodicity of 105±17 nm. Periodical Fn1 nanodomain arrays can be visualized between cells in culture and within tissues; they are resistant to deoxycholate treatment and retain nanodomain periodicity in the absence of cells. The nanodomain periodicity in fibrils remained constant when probed with antibodies recognizing distinct Fn1 epitopes or combinations of antibodies recognizing epitopes spanning the length of Fn1. Treatment with FUD, a peptide that binds the Fn1 N-terminus and disrupts Fn1 fibrillogenesis, blocked the organization of Fn1 nanodomains into periodical arrays. These studies establish a new paradigm of Fn1 fibrillogenesis. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshika Tomer
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers Biomedical, and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Cecilia Arriagada
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers Biomedical, and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Sudipto Munshi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Brianna E. Alexander
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers Biomedical, and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
- Multidisciplinary Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Sciences. Cell Biology, Neuroscience and Physiology track, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Brenda French
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Pavan Vedula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Andrew House
- Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Murat Guvendiren
- Otto H. York Chemical and Materials Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Anna Kashina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jean E. Schwarzbauer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014, USA
| | - Sophie Astrof
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Rutgers Biomedical, and Health Sciences, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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22
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Yoon HY, Maron BY, Girald-Berlingeri S, Gasilina A, Gollin JC, Jian X, Akpan I, Yohe ME, Randazzo PA, Chen PW. ERK phosphorylation is dependent on cell adhesion in a subset of pediatric sarcoma cell lines. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119264. [PMID: 35381293 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) and Pax-Foxo1 fusion negative rhabdomyosarcoma (FN-RMS) are pediatric sarcomas with poor prognoses in patients with advanced disease. In both malignancies, an actin binding protein has been linked to poor prognosis. Integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) are closely coupled to actin networks and IAC-mediated signaling has been implicated in the progression of carcinomas. However, the relationship of IACs and actin cytoskeleton remodeling with cell signaling is understudied in pediatric sarcomas. Here, we tested the hypothesis that IAC dynamics affect ERK activation in OS and FN-RMS cell lines. Adhesion dependence of ERK activation differed among the OS and FN-RMS cells examined. In the OS cell lines, adhesion did not have a consistent effect on phospho-ERK (pERK). ERK phosphorylation in response to fetal calf serum or 1 ng/ml EGF was nearly as efficient in OS cell lines and one FN-RMS cell line in suspension as cells adherent to poly-l-lysine (PL) or fibronectin (FN). By contrast, adhesion to plastic, PL or FN increased ERK phosphorylation and was greater than additive with a 15 min exposure to 1 ng/ml EGF in three FN-RMS cell lines. Increases in pERK were partly dependent on FAK and PAK1/2 but independent of IAC maturation. As far as we are aware, this examination of adhesion-dependent signaling is the first in pediatric sarcomas and has led to the discovery of differences from the prevailing paradigms and differences in the degree of coupling between components in the signaling pathways among the cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Young Yoon
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Ben Y Maron
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States of America
| | - Sofia Girald-Berlingeri
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Anjelika Gasilina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Josephine C Gollin
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Jian
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Itoro Akpan
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Marielle E Yohe
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, United States of America
| | - Paul A Randazzo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States of America.
| | - Pei-Wen Chen
- Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA, United States of America
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23
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Ojha KR, Shin SY, Padgham S, Leon Olmedo F, Guo B, Han G, Woodman C, Trache A. Age-Associated Dysregulation of Integrin Function in Vascular Smooth Muscle. Front Physiol 2022; 13:913673. [PMID: 35874532 PMCID: PMC9301045 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.913673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial aging results in a progressive reduction in elasticity of the vessel wall and an impaired ability of aged blood vessels to control local blood flow and pressure. Recently, a new concept has emerged that the stiffness and decreased contractility of vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells are important contributors to age-induced arterial dysfunction. This study investigated the hypothesis that aging alters integrin function in a matrix stiffness-dependent manner, which contributes to decreased VSM contractility in aged soleus muscle feed arteries (SFA). The effect of RGD-binding integrins on contractile function of cannulated SFA isolated from young (4 months) and old (24 months) Fischer 344 rats was assessed by measuring constrictor responses to norepinephrine, phenylephrine, and angiotensin II. Results indicated that constrictor responses in presence of RGD were impaired in old compared to young SFA. VSM cells isolated from young and old SFA were used for functional experiments using atomic force microscopy and high-resolution imaging. Aging was associated with a modulation of integrin β1 recruitment at cell-matrix adhesions that was matrix and substrate stiffness dependent. Our data showed that substrate stiffening drives altered integrin β1 expression in aging, while soft substrates abolish age-induced differences in overall integrin β1 expression. In addition, substrate stiffness and matrix composition contribute to the modulation of SMα-actin cytoskeleton architecture with soft substrates reducing age effects. Our results provide new insights into age-induced structural changes at VSM cell level that translates to decreased functionality of aged resistance soleus feed arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Raj Ojha
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Song Yi Shin
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Samuel Padgham
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Frida Leon Olmedo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Bohong Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Gang Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Christopher Woodman
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Andreea Trache
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Andreea Trache,
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24
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Mukherjee A, Melamed S, Damouny-Khoury H, Amer M, Feld L, Nadjar-Boger E, Sheetz MP, Wolfenson H. α-Catenin links integrin adhesions to F-actin to regulate ECM mechanosensing and rigidity dependence. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213257. [PMID: 35652786 PMCID: PMC9166284 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Both cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are regulated by mechanical signals, but the mechanobiological processes that mediate the cross talk between these structures are poorly understood. Here we show that α-catenin, a mechanosensitive protein that is classically linked with cadherin-based adhesions, associates with and regulates integrin adhesions. α-Catenin is recruited to the edges of mesenchymal cells, where it interacts with F-actin. This is followed by mutual retrograde flow of α-catenin and F-actin from the cell edge, during which α-catenin interacts with vinculin within integrin adhesions. This interaction affects adhesion maturation, stress-fiber assembly, and force transmission to the matrix. In epithelial cells, α-catenin is present in cell-cell adhesions and absent from cell-matrix adhesions. However, when these cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, α-catenin transitions to the cell edge, where it facilitates proper mechanosensing. This is highlighted by the ability of α-catenin-depleted cells to grow on soft matrices. These results suggest a dual role of α-catenin in mechanosensing, through both cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mukherjee
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shay Melamed
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hana Damouny-Khoury
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Malak Amer
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lea Feld
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elisabeth Nadjar-Boger
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael P. Sheetz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Haguy Wolfenson
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel,Correspondence to Haguy Wolfenson:
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25
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Jamieson JJ, Lin Y, Malloy N, Soto D, Searson PC, Gerecht S. Hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier dysfunction is prevented by pericyte-conditioned media via attenuated actomyosin contractility and claudin-5 stabilization. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22331. [PMID: 35476363 PMCID: PMC9060394 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202200010rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) regulates molecular and cellular entry from the cerebrovasculature into the surrounding brain parenchyma. Many diseases of the brain are associated with dysfunction of the BBB, where hypoxia is a common stressor. However, the contribution of hypoxia to BBB dysfunction is challenging to study due to the complexity of the brain microenvironment. In this study, we used a BBB model with brain microvascular endothelial cells and pericytes differentiated from iPSCs to investigate the effect of hypoxia on barrier function. We found that hypoxia-induced barrier dysfunction is dependent upon increased actomyosin contractility and is associated with increased fibronectin fibrillogenesis. We propose a role for actomyosin contractility in mediating hypoxia-induced barrier dysfunction through modulation of junctional claudin-5. Our findings suggest pericytes may protect brain microvascular endothelial cells from hypoxic stresses and that pericyte-derived factors could be candidates for treatment of pathological barrier-forming tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Jamieson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - YingYu Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas Malloy
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel Soto
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peter C Searson
- Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sharon Gerecht
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Duke, North Carolina, USA
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26
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Valdoz JC, Franks NA, Cribbs CG, Jacobs DJ, Dodson EL, Knight CJ, Poulson PD, Garfield SR, Johnson BC, Hemeyer BM, Sudo MT, Saunooke JA, Kartchner BC, Saxton A, Vallecillo-Zuniga ML, Santos M, Chamberlain B, Christensen KA, Nordin GP, Narayanan AS, Raghu G, Van Ry PM. Soluble ECM promotes organotypic formation in lung alveolar model. Biomaterials 2022; 283:121464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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SARS-CoV-2 entry sites are present in all structural elements of the human glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves: Clinical implications. EBioMedicine 2022; 78:103981. [PMID: 35390636 PMCID: PMC8978584 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections result in the temporary loss of smell and taste in about one third of confirmed cases. Methods We used immunohistochemistry to confirm the presence of ACE2, NRP1 and TMPRSS2 in two cranial nerves (IX and X) that mediate taste where they leave/join the medulla. Samples from three (two paraffin embedded and one frozen) postmortem samples were studied (facial (VII) nerve was not available). We also performed immunohistochemistry using the same antibodies in two human cell lines (oligodendrocytes and fibroblasts), and we isolated RNA from one nerve and performed PCR to confirm the presence of the mRNAs that encode the proteins visualized. Findings All three of the proteins (ACE-2, NRP1 and TMPRSS2) required for SARS-CoV-2 infections appear to be present in all cellular components (Schwann cells, axons, vascular endothelium, and connective tissue) of the human IXth and Xth nerves near the medulla. We also found their mRNAs in the nerve and in human oligodendrocytes and fibroblasts which were stained by antibodies directed at the three proteins examined. Interpretation Infection of the IXth and Xth nerves by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is likely to cause the loss of taste experienced by many Covid patients. Migration of the virus from the oral cavity through these nerves to brainstem respiratory centers might contribute to the problems that patients experience. Funding This study was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH (intramural project no. ZDE000755-01), and the Human Brain Tissue Bank, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary from the Hungarian Brain Research Program (2017-1.2.1-NKP-2017-00002).
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28
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Lickert S, Kenny M, Selcuk K, Mehl JL, Bender M, Früh SM, Burkhardt MA, Studt JD, Nieswandt B, Schoen I, Vogel V. Platelets drive fibronectin fibrillogenesis using integrin αIIbβ3. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj8331. [PMID: 35275711 PMCID: PMC8916723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj8331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Platelets interact with multiple adhesion proteins during thrombogenesis, yet little is known about their ability to assemble fibronectin matrix. In vitro three-dimensional superresolution microscopy complemented by biophysical and biochemical methods revealed fundamental insights into how platelet contractility drives fibronectin fibrillogenesis. Platelets adhering to thrombus proteins (fibronectin and fibrin) versus basement membrane components (laminin and collagen IV) pull fibronectin fibrils along their apical membrane versus underneath their basal membrane, respectively. In contrast to other cell types, platelets assemble fibronectin nanofibrils using αIIbβ3 rather than α5β1 integrins. Apical fibrillogenesis correlated with a stronger activation of integrin-linked kinase, higher platelet traction forces, and a larger tension in fibrillar-like adhesions compared to basal fibrillogenesis. Our findings have potential implications for how mechanical thrombus integrity might be maintained during remodeling and vascular repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lickert
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Kenny
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Kateryna Selcuk
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johanna L. Mehl
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine – Chair I, University Hospital, and Rudolf Virchow Center, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Susanna M. Früh
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie A. Burkhardt
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jan-Dirk Studt
- Division of Hematology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine – Chair I, University Hospital, and Rudolf Virchow Center, Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ingmar Schoen
- Irish Centre for Vascular Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
- Corresponding author. (V.V.); (I.S.)
| | - Viola Vogel
- Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Corresponding author. (V.V.); (I.S.)
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29
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Vitale-Cross L, Szalayova I, Scoggins A, Palkovits M, Mezey E. SARS-CoV-2 entry sites are present in all structural elements of the human glossopharyngeal and vagal nerves: clinical implications. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2022. [PMID: 35018378 PMCID: PMC8750701 DOI: 10.1101/2021.12.30.474580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infections result in the temporary loss of smell and taste (anosmia and dysgeusia) in about one third of confirmed cases. Several investigators have reported that the viral spike protein receptor is present in olfactory neurons. However, no study has been published to date showing the presence of viral entry sites angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), neuropilin1 (NRP1), and TMPRSS2, the serine protease necessary for priming the viral proteins, in human nerves that are responsible for taste sensation (cranial nerves: VII, IX and X). We used immunocytochemistry to examine three postmortem donor samples of the IXth (glossopharyngeal) and Xth (vagal) cranial nerves where they leave/join the medulla from three donors to confirm the presence of ACE2, NRP1 and TMPRSS2. Two samples were paraffin embedded; one was a frozen sample. In addition to staining sections from the latter, we isolated RNA from it, made cDNA, and performed PCR to confirm the presence of the mRNAs that encode the proteins visualized. All three of the proteins required for SARS-CoV-2 infections appear to be present in the human IXth and Xth nerves near the medulla. Direct infection of these nerves by the COVID-19 virus is likely to cause the loss of taste experienced by many patients. In addition, potential viral spread through these nerves into the adjacent brainstem respiratory centers might also aggravate the respiratory problems patients are experiencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Vitale-Cross
- Adult Stem Cell Section, NIDCR, NIH, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Md 20892
| | - I Szalayova
- Adult Stem Cell Section, NIDCR, NIH, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Md 20892
| | - A Scoggins
- Adult Stem Cell Section, NIDCR, NIH, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Md 20892
| | | | - E Mezey
- Adult Stem Cell Section, NIDCR, NIH, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Md 20892
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30
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Doyle AD, Nazari SS, Yamada KM. Cell-extracellular matrix dynamics. Phys Biol 2022; 19:10.1088/1478-3975/ac4390. [PMID: 34911051 PMCID: PMC8855216 DOI: 10.1088/1478-3975/ac4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The sites of interaction between a cell and its surrounding microenvironment serve as dynamic signaling hubs that regulate cellular adaptations during developmental processes, immune functions, wound healing, cell migration, cancer invasion and metastasis, as well as in many other disease states. For most cell types, these interactions are established by integrin receptors binding directly to extracellular matrix proteins, such as the numerous collagens or fibronectin. For the cell, these points of contact provide vital cues by sampling environmental conditions, both chemical and physical. The overall regulation of this dynamic interaction involves both extracellular and intracellular components and can be highly variable. In this review, we highlight recent advances and hypotheses about the mechanisms and regulation of cell-ECM interactions, from the molecular to the tissue level, with a particular focus on cell migration. We then explore how cancer cell invasion and metastasis are deeply rooted in altered regulation of this vital interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D. Doyle
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA,Correspondence:
| | - Shayan S. Nazari
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kenneth M. Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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31
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Sherrard KM, Cetera M, Horne-Badovinac S. DAAM mediates the assembly of long-lived, treadmilling stress fibers in collectively migrating epithelial cells in Drosophila. eLife 2021; 10:e72881. [PMID: 34812144 PMCID: PMC8610420 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress fibers (SFs) are actomyosin bundles commonly found in individually migrating cells in culture. However, whether and how cells use SFs to migrate in vivo or collectively is largely unknown. Studying the collective migration of the follicular epithelial cells in Drosophila, we found that the SFs in these cells show a novel treadmilling behavior that allows them to persist as the cells migrate over multiple cell lengths. Treadmilling SFs grow at their fronts by adding new integrin-based adhesions and actomyosin segments over time. This causes the SFs to have many internal adhesions along their lengths, instead of adhesions only at the ends. The front-forming adhesions remain stationary relative to the substrate and typically disassemble as the cell rear approaches. By contrast, a different type of adhesion forms at the SF's terminus that slides with the cell's trailing edge as the actomyosin ahead of it shortens. We further show that SF treadmilling depends on cell movement and identify a developmental switch in the formins that mediate SF assembly, with Dishevelled-associated activator of morphogenesis acting during migratory stages and Diaphanous acting during postmigratory stages. We propose that treadmilling SFs keep each cell on a linear trajectory, thereby promoting the collective motility required for epithelial migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Sherrard
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Maureen Cetera
- Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
| | - Sally Horne-Badovinac
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
- Committee on Development, Regeneration, and Stem Cell Biology, The University of ChicagoChicagoUnited States
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32
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Dalton CJ, Lemmon CA. Fibronectin: Molecular Structure, Fibrillar Structure and Mechanochemical Signaling. Cells 2021; 10:2443. [PMID: 34572092 PMCID: PMC8471655 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role as both structural scaffold and regulator of cell signal transduction in tissues. In times of ECM assembly and turnover, cells upregulate assembly of the ECM protein, fibronectin (FN). FN is assembled by cells into viscoelastic fibrils that can bind upward of 40 distinct growth factors and cytokines. These fibrils play a key role in assembling a provisional ECM during embryonic development and wound healing. Fibril assembly is also often upregulated during disease states, including cancer and fibrotic diseases. FN fibrils have unique mechanical properties, which allow them to alter mechanotransduction signals sensed and relayed by cells. Binding of soluble growth factors to FN fibrils alters signal transduction from these proteins, while binding of other ECM proteins, including collagens, elastins, and proteoglycans, to FN fibrils facilitates the maturation and tissue specificity of the ECM. In this review, we will discuss the assembly of FN fibrils from individual FN molecules; the composition, structure, and mechanics of FN fibrils; the interaction of FN fibrils with other ECM proteins and growth factors; the role of FN in transmitting mechanobiology signaling events; and approaches for studying the mechanics of FN fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher A. Lemmon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, 401 W. Main St., Richmond, VA 23284, USA;
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33
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d’Alessandro J, Barbier--Chebbah A, Cellerin V, Benichou O, Mège RM, Voituriez R, Ladoux B. Cell migration guided by long-lived spatial memory. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4118. [PMID: 34226542 PMCID: PMC8257581 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24249-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Living cells actively migrate in their environment to perform key biological functions-from unicellular organisms looking for food to single cells such as fibroblasts, leukocytes or cancer cells that can shape, patrol or invade tissues. Cell migration results from complex intracellular processes that enable cell self-propulsion, and has been shown to also integrate various chemical or physical extracellular signals. While it is established that cells can modify their environment by depositing biochemical signals or mechanically remodelling the extracellular matrix, the impact of such self-induced environmental perturbations on cell trajectories at various scales remains unexplored. Here, we show that cells can retrieve their path: by confining motile cells on 1D and 2D micropatterned surfaces, we demonstrate that they leave long-lived physicochemical footprints along their way, which determine their future path. On this basis, we argue that cell trajectories belong to the general class of self-interacting random walks, and show that self-interactions can rule large scale exploration by inducing long-lived ageing, subdiffusion and anomalous first-passage statistics. Altogether, our joint experimental and theoretical approach points to a generic coupling between motile cells and their environment, which endows cells with a spatial memory of their path and can dramatically change their space exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph d’Alessandro
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, F-75006 France
| | - Alex Barbier--Chebbah
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Victor Cellerin
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, F-75006 France
| | - Olivier Benichou
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - René Marc Mège
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, F-75006 France
| | - Raphaël Voituriez
- grid.462844.80000 0001 2308 1657Laboratoire Jean Perrin and Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée, CNRS/Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Benoît Ladoux
- grid.508487.60000 0004 7885 7602Université de Paris, CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, F-75006 France
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34
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Doyle AD, Sykora DJ, Pacheco GG, Kutys ML, Yamada KM. 3D mesenchymal cell migration is driven by anterior cellular contraction that generates an extracellular matrix prestrain. Dev Cell 2021; 56:826-841.e4. [PMID: 33705692 PMCID: PMC8082573 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We describe a cellular contractile mechanism employed by fibroblasts and mesenchymal cancer cells to migrate in 3D collagen gels. During 3D spreading, fibroblasts strongly deform the matrix. They protrude, polarize, and initiate migration in the direction of highest extracellular matrix (ECM) deformation (prestrain). This prestrain is maintained through anterior cellular contractions behind the leading edge prior to protrusion, coordinating a distinct 3D migration cycle that varies between cell types. Myosin IIA is required for strain polarization, generating anterior contractions, and maintaining prestrain for efficient directional cell migration. Local matrix severing disrupts the matrix prestrain, suppressing directional protrusion. We show that epithelial cancer and endothelial cells rarely demonstrate the sustained prestrain or anterior contractions. We propose that mesenchymal cells sense ECM stiffness in 3D and generate their own matrix prestrain. This requires myosin IIA to generate polarized periodic anterior contractions for maintaining a 3D migration cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Doyle
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Daniel J Sykora
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gustavo G Pacheco
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Matthew L Kutys
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave, HSW-613, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kenneth M Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Musiime M, Chang J, Hansen U, Kadler KE, Zeltz C, Gullberg D. Collagen Assembly at the Cell Surface: Dogmas Revisited. Cells 2021; 10:662. [PMID: 33809734 PMCID: PMC8002325 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increased awareness about the importance of the composition, organization, and stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) for tissue homeostasis, there is a renewed need to understand the details of how cells recognize, assemble and remodel the ECM during dynamic tissue reorganization events. Fibronectin (FN) and fibrillar collagens are major proteins in the ECM of interstitial matrices. Whereas FN is abundant in cell culture studies, it is often only transiently expressed in the acute phase of wound healing and tissue regeneration, by contrast fibrillar collagens form a persistent robust scaffold in healing and regenerating tissues. Historically fibrillar collagens in interstitial matrices were seen merely as structural building blocks. Cell anchorage to the collagen matrix was thought to be indirect and occurring via proteins like FN and cell surface-mediated collagen fibrillogenesis was believed to require a FN matrix. The isolation of four collagen-binding integrins have challenged this dogma, and we now know that cells anchor directly to monomeric forms of fibrillar collagens via the α1β1, α2β1, α10β1 and α11β1 integrins. The binding of these integrins to the mature fibrous collagen matrices is more controversial and depends on availability of integrin-binding sites. With increased awareness about the importance of characterizing the total integrin repertoire on cells, including the integrin collagen receptors, the idea of an absolute dependence on FN for cell-mediated collagen fibrillogenesis needs to be re-evaluated. We will summarize data suggesting that collagen-binding integrins in vitro and in vivo are perfectly well suited for nucleating and supporting collagen fibrillogenesis, independent of FN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses Musiime
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Joan Chang
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (J.C.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Uwe Hansen
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany;
| | - Karl E. Kadler
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (J.C.); (K.E.K.)
| | - Cédric Zeltz
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91, N-5009 Bergen, Norway; (M.M.); (C.Z.)
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36
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EPB41L5 controls podocyte extracellular matrix assembly by adhesome-dependent force transmission. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108883. [PMID: 33761352 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The integrity of the kidney filtration barrier essentially relies on the balanced interplay of podocytes and the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). Here, we show by analysis of in vitro and in vivo models that a loss of the podocyte-specific FERM-domain protein EPB41L5 results in impaired extracellular matrix (ECM) assembly. By using quantitative proteomics analysis of the secretome and matrisome, we demonstrate a shift in ECM composition characterized by diminished deposition of core GBM components, such as LAMA5. Integrin adhesome proteomics reveals that EPB41L5 recruits PDLIM5 and ACTN4 to integrin adhesion complexes (IACs). Consecutively, EPB41L5 knockout podocytes show insufficient maturation of integrin adhesion sites, which translates into impaired force transmission and ECM assembly. These observations build the framework for a model in which EPB41L5 functions as a cell-type-specific regulator of the podocyte adhesome and controls a localized adaptive module in order to prevent podocyte detachment and thereby ensures GBM integrity.
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37
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Veenvliet JV, Bolondi A, Kretzmer H, Haut L, Scholze-Wittler M, Schifferl D, Koch F, Guignard L, Kumar AS, Pustet M, Heimann S, Buschow R, Wittler L, Timmermann B, Meissner A, Herrmann BG. Mouse embryonic stem cells self-organize into trunk-like structures with neural tube and somites. Science 2021; 370:370/6522/eaba4937. [PMID: 33303587 DOI: 10.1126/science.aba4937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Post-implantation embryogenesis is a highly dynamic process comprising multiple lineage decisions and morphogenetic changes that are inaccessible to deep analysis in vivo. We found that pluripotent mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) form aggregates that upon embedding in an extracellular matrix compound induce the formation of highly organized "trunk-like structures" (TLSs) comprising the neural tube and somites. Comparative single-cell RNA sequencing analysis confirmed that this process is highly analogous to mouse development and follows the same stepwise gene-regulatory program. Tbx6 knockout TLSs developed additional neural tubes mirroring the embryonic mutant phenotype, and chemical modulation could induce excess somite formation. TLSs thus reveal an advanced level of self-organization and provide a powerful platform for investigating post-implantation embryogenesis in a dish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse V Veenvliet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Adriano Bolondi
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helene Kretzmer
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leah Haut
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Scholze-Wittler
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dennis Schifferl
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frederic Koch
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Léo Guignard
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Abhishek Sampath Kumar
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Milena Pustet
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simon Heimann
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - René Buschow
- Microscopy and Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars Wittler
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Sequencing Core Facility, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Meissner
- Department of Genome Regulation, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard G Herrmann
- Department of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany. .,Institute for Medical Genetics, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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38
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Veenvliet JV, Herrmann BG. Modeling mammalian trunk development in a dish. Dev Biol 2020; 474:5-15. [PMID: 33347872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian post-implantation development comprises the coordination of complex lineage decisions and morphogenetic processes shaping the embryo. Despite technological advances, a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of these processes and of the self-organization capabilities of stem cells and their descendants remains elusive. Building synthetic embryo-like structures from pluripotent embryonic stem cells in vitro promises to fill these knowledge gaps and thereby may prove transformative for developmental biology. Initial efforts to model the post-implantation embryo resulted in structures with compromised morphology (gastruloids). Recent approaches employing modified culture media, an extracellular matrix surrogate or extra-embryonic stem cells, however, succeeded in establishing embryo-like architecture. For example, embedding of gastruloids in Matrigel unlocked self-organization into trunk-like structures with bilateral somites and a neural tube-like structure, together with gut tissue and primordial germ cell-like cells. In this review, we describe the currently available models, discuss how these can be employed to acquire novel biological insights, and detail the imminent challenges for improving current models by in vitro engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse V Veenvliet
- Dept. of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernhard G Herrmann
- Dept. of Developmental Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Medical Genetics, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany.
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39
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Benito-Jardón M, Strohmeyer N, Ortega-Sanchís S, Bharadwaj M, Moser M, Müller DJ, Fässler R, Costell M. αv-Class integrin binding to fibronectin is solely mediated by RGD and unaffected by an RGE mutation. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:e202004198. [PMID: 33141174 PMCID: PMC7644020 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202004198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibronectin (FN) is an essential glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix; binds integrins, syndecans, collagens, and growth factors; and is assembled by cells into complex fibrillar networks. The RGD motif in FN facilitates cell binding- and fibrillogenesis through binding to α5β1 and αv-class integrins. However, whether RGD is the sole binding site for αv-class integrins is unclear. Most notably, substituting aspartate with glutamate (RGE) was shown to eliminate integrin binding in vitro, while mouse genetics revealed that FNRGE preserves αv-class integrin binding and fibrillogenesis. To address this conflict, we employed single-cell force spectroscopy, engineered cells, and RGD motif-deficient mice (Fn1ΔRGD/ΔRGD) to search for additional αv-class integrin-binding sites. Our results demonstrate that α5β1 and αv-class integrins solely recognize the FN-RGD motif and that αv-class, but not α5β1, integrins retain FN-RGE binding. Furthermore, Fn1ΔRGD/ΔRGD tissues and cells assemble abnormal and dysfunctional FNΔRGD fibrils in a syndecan-dependent manner. Our data highlight the central role of FN-RGD and the functionality of FN-RGE for αv-class integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-Jardón
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Nico Strohmeyer
- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sheila Ortega-Sanchís
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | - Markus Moser
- Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | | | - Mercedes Costell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Institut Universitari de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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40
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Roy S, Kim D. Retinal capillary basement membrane thickening: Role in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 82:100903. [PMID: 32950677 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular basement membrane (BM) thickening has been hailed over half a century as the most prominent histological lesion in diabetic microangiopathy, and represents an early ultrastructural change in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Although vascular complications of DR have been clinically well established, specific cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying dysfunction of small vessels are not well understood. In DR, small vessels develop insidiously as BM thickening occurs. Studies examining high resolution imaging data have established BM thickening as one of the foremost structural abnormalities of retinal capillaries. This fundamental structural change develops, at least in part, from excess accumulation of BM components. Although BM thickening is closely associated with the development of DR, its contributory role in the pathogenesis of DR is coming to light recently. DR develops over several years before clinical manifestations appear, and it is during this clinically silent period that hyperglycemia induces excess synthesis of BM components, contributes to vascular BM thickening, and promotes structural and functional lesions including cell death and vascular leakage in the diabetic retina. Studies using animal models show promising results in preventing BM thickening with subsequent beneficial effects. Several gene regulatory approaches are being developed to prevent excess synthesis of vascular BM components in an effort to reduce BM thickening. This review highlights current understanding of capillary BM thickening development, role of BM thickening in retinal vascular lesions, and strategies for preventing vascular BM thickening as a potential therapeutic strategy in alleviating characteristic lesions associated with DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayon Roy
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Dongjoon Kim
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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41
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Leclech C, Natale CF, Barakat AI. The basement membrane as a structured surface - role in vascular health and disease. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:133/18/jcs239889. [PMID: 32938688 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.239889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The basement membrane (BM) is a thin specialized extracellular matrix that functions as a cellular anchorage site, a physical barrier and a signaling hub. While the literature on the biochemical composition and biological activity of the BM is extensive, the central importance of the physical properties of the BM, most notably its mechanical stiffness and topographical features, in regulating cellular function has only recently been recognized. In this Review, we focus on the biophysical attributes of the BM and their influence on cellular behavior. After a brief overview of the biochemical composition, assembly and function of the BM, we describe the mechanical properties and topographical structure of various BMs. We then focus specifically on the vascular BM as a nano- and micro-scale structured surface and review how its architecture can modulate endothelial cell structure and function. Finally, we discuss the pathological ramifications of the biophysical properties of the vascular BM and highlight the potential of mimicking BM topography to improve the design of implantable endovascular devices and advance the burgeoning field of vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Leclech
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
| | - Carlo F Natale
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France.,Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Abdul I Barakat
- Hydrodynamics Laboratory, CNRS UMR7646, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France
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42
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Tang L, Xu M, Zhang L, Qu L, Liu X. Role of αVβ3 in Prostate Cancer: Metastasis Initiator and Important Therapeutic Target. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7411-7422. [PMID: 32801764 PMCID: PMC7395689 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s258252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In prostate cancer, distant organ metastasis is the leading cause of patient death. Although the mechanism of malignant tumor metastasis is unclear, studies have confirmed that integrin αVβ3 plays an important role in this process. In prostate cancer, αVβ3 mediates adhesion, invasion, immune escape and neovascularization through interactions with different ligands. Among these ligands and in addition to proteins that are directly related to tumor invasion, other proteins that contain the RGD structure could also bind to αVβ3 and cause a number of biological effects. In this article, we summarized the ligand and downstream proteins related to αVβ3-mediated prostate cancer metastasis as well as some diagnostic and therapeutic measures targeting αVβ3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Tang
- College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng, The Inner Mongol Autonomous Region 024005, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, People's Republic of China.,R&D Department, Seekgene Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 262500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Qu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Anshan Hospital of the First Hospital of China Medical University, Anshan, Liaoning 114000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100000, People's Republic of China
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43
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Abstract
As the crucial non-cellular component of tissues, the extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both physical support and signaling regulation to cells. Some ECM molecules provide a fibrillar environment around cells, while others provide a sheet-like basement membrane scaffold beneath epithelial cells. In this Review, we focus on recent studies investigating the mechanical, biophysical and signaling cues provided to developing tissues by different types of ECM in a variety of developing organisms. In addition, we discuss how the ECM helps to regulate tissue morphology during embryonic development by governing key elements of cell shape, adhesion, migration and differentiation. Summary: This Review discusses our current understanding of how the extracellular matrix helps guide developing tissues by influencing cell adhesion, migration, shape and differentiation, emphasizing the biophysical cues it provides.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Cruz Walma
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4370, USA
| | - Kenneth M Yamada
- Cell Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-4370, USA
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44
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Matrix mechanotransduction mediated by thrombospondin-1/integrin/YAP in the vascular remodeling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:9896-9905. [PMID: 32321834 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1919702117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) initiates mechanical cues that activate intracellular signaling through matrix-cell interactions. In blood vessels, additional mechanical cues derived from the pulsatile blood flow and pressure play a pivotal role in homeostasis and disease development. Currently, the nature of the cues from the ECM and their interaction with the mechanical microenvironment in large blood vessels to maintain the integrity of the vessel wall are not fully understood. Here, we identified the matricellular protein thrombospondin-1 (Thbs1) as an extracellular mediator of matrix mechanotransduction that acts via integrin αvβ1 to establish focal adhesions and promotes nuclear shuttling of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in response to high strain of cyclic stretch. Thbs1-mediated YAP activation depends on the small GTPase Rap2 and Hippo pathway and is not influenced by alteration of actin fibers. Deletion of Thbs1 in mice inhibited Thbs1/integrin β1/YAP signaling, leading to maladaptive remodeling of the aorta in response to pressure overload and inhibition of neointima formation upon carotid artery ligation, exerting context-dependent effects on the vessel wall. We thus propose a mechanism of matrix mechanotransduction centered on Thbs1, connecting mechanical stimuli to YAP signaling during vascular remodeling in vivo.
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45
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Gagné D, Benoit YD, Groulx JF, Vachon PH, Beaulieu JF. ILK supports RhoA/ROCK-mediated contractility of human intestinal epithelial crypt cells by inducing the fibrillogenesis of endogenous soluble fibronectin during the spreading process. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:14. [PMID: 32183701 PMCID: PMC7079544 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibronectin (FN) assembly into an insoluble fibrillar matrix is a crucial step in many cell responses to extracellular matrix (ECM) properties, especially with regards to the integrin-related mechanosensitive signaling pathway. We have previously reported that the silencing of expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in human intestinal epithelial crypt (HIEC) cells causes significant reductions in proliferation and spreading through concomitantly acquired impairment of soluble FN deposition. These defects in ILK-depleted cells are rescued by growth on exogenous FN. In the present study we investigated the contribution of ILK in the fibrillogenesis of FN and its relation to integrin-actin axis signaling and organization. RESULTS We show that de novo fibrillogenesis of endogenous soluble FN is ILK-dependent. This function seemingly induces the assembly of an ECM that supports increased cytoskeletal tension and the development of a fully spread contractile cell phenotype. We observed that HIEC cell adhesion to exogenous FN or collagen-I (Col-I) is sufficient to restore fibrillogenesis of endogenous FN in ILK-depleted cells. We also found that optimal engagement of the Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) GTPase/Rho-associated kinase (ROCK-1, ROCK-2)/myosin light chain (MLC) pathway, actin ventral stress fiber formation, and integrin adhesion complex (IAC) maturation rely primarily upon the cell's capacity to execute FN fibrillogenesis, independent of any significant ILK input. Lastly, we confirm the integrin α5β1 as the main integrin responsible for FN assembly, although in ILK-depleted cells αV-class integrins expression is needed to allow the rescue of FN fibrillogenesis on exogenous substrate. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that ILK specifically induces the initiation of FN fibrillogenesis during cell spreading, which promotes RhoA/ROCK-dependent cell contractility and maturation of the integrin-actin axis structures. However, the fibrillogenesis process and its downstream effect on RhoA signaling, cell contractility and spreading are ILK-independent in human intestinal epithelial crypt cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gagné
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4 Canada
| | - Yannick D. Benoit
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5 Canada
| | - Jean-François Groulx
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093 USA
| | - Pierre H. Vachon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, J1H 5N4 Canada
| | - Jean-François Beaulieu
- Laboratory of Intestinal Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, and Research Center of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1H 5N4 Canada
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