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Brugnaro BH, Fernandes G, De Campos AC, Pavão SL, Pfeifer LI, Kraus de Camargo O, Hlyva O, Rocha NACF. Home participation and personal and environmental factors in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:1031-1044. [PMID: 38526024 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM To describe current home participation (frequency, involvement) and caregiver's desire for change in home participation of children and adolescents with Down syndrome, as well as home environmental factors, and to explore the associations of personal and environmental factors with current participation and caregiver's desire for change. METHOD Eighty-two caregivers (mean age = 45 years 10 months) of children and adolescents with Down syndrome (mean age = 10 years 7 months) were surveyed about the child's home participation and environmental factors using the Participation and Environment Measure-Children and Youth. Furthermore, children's personal and environmental factors were collected. Results are reported using descriptive analysis and correlations (Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and Mann-Whitney U test) to describe the relationship between current participation and caregiver's desire for change, with personal and environmental factors as ordinal and nominal variables respectively (p < 0.05). RESULTS Children's participation was highest with regard to personal care management and lowest with regard to school-related activities. Most caregivers desired change in homework and household chores. Greater frequency was associated with male sex, caregiver less rigorous social distancing due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and children receiving therapies. Greater involvement was associated with younger age in children and higher environmental support. Older age in children was associated with caregiver's greater desire for change. INTERPRETATION Personal and environmental factors correlated with participation in specific ways. Creative strategies to promote participation that consider caregiver's wishes should be undertaken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Helena Brugnaro
- Department of Physical Therapy, Child Development Analysis Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Gesica Fernandes
- Department of Physical Therapy, Child Development Analysis Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina De Campos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Child Development Analysis Laboratory, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Silvia Letícia Pavão
- Department of Prevention and Rehabilitation in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luzia Iara Pfeifer
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Teaching and Research Laboratory in Occupational Therapy, Childhood, and Adolescence, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School at the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Olaf Kraus de Camargo
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Oksana Hlyva
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Brugnaro BH, Fernandes G, De Campos AC, Pavão SL, Pfeifer LI, De Camargo OK, Hlyva O, Rocha NACF. Participação em casa e fatores pessoais e ambientais em crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:e148-e162. [PMID: 38698694 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
ResumoObjetivoDescrever a participação em casa atual (frequência, envolvimento) e o desejo do cuidador por mudança na participação em casa de crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down, bem como fatores ambientais da casa, e explorar as associações de fatores pessoais e ambientais com a participação atual e o desejo do cuidador por mudança.MétodoOitenta e dois cuidadores (média de idade = 45 anos e 10 meses) de crianças e adolescentes com síndrome de Down (média de idade = 10 anos e 7 meses) foram entrevistados sobre a participação em casa da criança e fatores ambientais utilizando a Medida de Participação e do Ambiente ‐ Crianças e Jovens. Além disso, foram coletados fatores pessoais e ambientais das crianças. Os resultados são relatados por meio de análise descritiva e correlações (coeficientes de correlação de Spearman ou teste U de Mann–Whitney) para descrever a relação entre a participação atual e o desejo do cuidador por mudança, com fatores pessoais e ambientais, para as variáveis ordinais e nominais, respectivamente (p < 0,05).ResultadosA participação das crianças foi maior em cuidados pessoais e menor em atividades relacionadas à escola. A maioria dos cuidadores desejava mudança nas lições de casa e nas tarefas domésticas. Maior frequência de participação foi associada ao sexo masculino, distanciamento social menos rigoroso do cuidador devido à pandemia de covid‐19 e crianças recebendo terapia. O maior envolvimento na participação foi associado a uma idade mais jovem nas crianças e a um maior apoio do ambiente. A idade mais avançada das crianças foi associada ao maior desejo por mudança do cuidador.InterpretaçãoFatores pessoais e ambientais são correlacionados com a participação de formas específicas. Devem ser realizadas estratégias criativas para promover a participação e que considerem os desejos do cuidador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Helena Brugnaro
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Análise do Desenvolvimento Infantil (LADI), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brasil
| | - Gesica Fernandes
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Análise do Desenvolvimento Infantil (LADI), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brasil
| | - Ana Carolina De Campos
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Análise do Desenvolvimento Infantil (LADI), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brasil
| | - Silvia Letícia Pavão
- Departamento de Prevenção e Reabilitação em Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil
| | - Luzia Iara Pfeifer
- Departamento de Terapia Ocupacional, Laboratório de Ensino e Pesquisa em Terapia Ocupacional, Infância e Adolescência, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brasil
- Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brasil
| | - Olaf Kraus De Camargo
- Departamento de Pediatria, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Oksana Hlyva
- Departamento de Pediatria, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nelci Adriana Cicuto Ferreira Rocha
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Laboratório de Análise do Desenvolvimento Infantil (LADI), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brasil
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Souto DO, de Sousa MO, Ferreira RG, Brandão AC, Carrera PB, Leite HR. What are the barriers and facilitators to participation of people with Down syndrome? A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:1013-1030. [PMID: 38317540 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
AIM To determine the barriers and facilitators of active community participation of children, adolescents, and adults with Down syndrome. METHOD Searches were completed in five electronic databases to identify original studies about participation of children, adolescents (ages < 18 years), and adults (ages 18-59 years) with Down syndrome. Barriers and facilitators to participation were categorized into four factors: personal, social, environmental, and policy and programme. Findings were analysed and validated by a young adult with Down syndrome and a family member, using the public and patient involvement strategy. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included: eight with children and adolescents and six with adults. Of the 14 studies, 10 were qualitative and four quantitative. Most studies (n = 9) investigated participation in physical activities, while only a few examined participation in community/social activities (n = 3), daily activities (n = 2), and leisure activities (n = 1). The most commonly cited barriers and facilitators were the availability of programmes and specialized professionals, transportation, as well as attitudes and behaviours. Physical and psychological characteristics of people with Down syndrome and facilities were also frequently mentioned as barriers. On the other hand, the desire to stay active and personal interest in the activity were among the most frequently reported facilitators. INTERPRETATION The participation of people with Down syndrome is mainly influenced by physical or psychological factors, the support and attitudes of parents/caregivers, and the availability of specialized programmes. Given the scarcity of research investigating the participation of people with Down syndrome in community activities, daily activities, and leisure, especially in adults, more studies are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deisiane Oliveira Souto
- Graduate Programme in Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marina Oliveira de Sousa
- Graduate Programme in Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Guimarães Ferreira
- Graduate Programme in Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Ana Claudia Brandão
- Brazilian Federation of Down Syndrome Associations, Brasília, Brazil
- Center for the Study of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities of the Pediatric Society of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Graduate Programme in Rehabilitation Sciences, Physical Therapy Department, School of Physical Education, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Souto DO, de Sousa MO, Ferreira RG, Brandão AC, Carrera PB, Leite HR. Quais são as barreiras e facilitadores para a participação de pessoas com Síndrome de Down? Uma Revisão de Escopo. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:e131-e147. [PMID: 38394075 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
ResumoObjetivoDeterminar as barreiras e facilitadores da participação ativa na comunidade de crianças, adolescentes e adultos com Síndrome de Down (SD). Métodos: Foram realizadas buscas em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas para identificar estudos originais sobre a participação de crianças, adolescentes (idades <18 anos) e adultos (idades de 18 a 59 anos) com SD. Barreiras e facilitadores para a participação foram categorizados em fatores: pessoais, sociais, ambientais e de políticas e programas. Os achados foram analisados e validados por um jovem adulto com SD e um membro da família, utilizando a estratégia de Envolvimento do Público e Paciente. Resultados: Quatorze estudos foram incluídos, oito com crianças e adolescentes e seis com adultos. Dos 14 estudos, dez eram qualitativos e quatro quantitativos. A maioria dos estudos (n = 9) investigou a participação em atividades físicas, enquanto apenas alguns estudos examinaram a participação em atividades comunitárias/sociais (n = 3), atividades diárias (n = 2) e atividades de lazer (n = 1). As barreiras e facilitadores mais frequentemente citados foram a disponibilidade de programas e profissionais especializados, transporte, bem como atitudes e comportamentos. As características físicas e psicológicas das pessoas com SD e as instalações também foram frequentemente mencionadas como barreiras. Por outro lado, o desejo de se manter ativo e o interesse pessoal na atividade estavam entre os facilitadores mais frequentemente relatados.InterpretaçãoA participação de pessoas com SD é principalmente influenciada por fatores físicos ou psicológicos, o apoio e as atitudes dos pais/cuidadores e a disponibilidade de programas especializados. Dada a escassez de pesquisas investigando a participação de pessoas com SD em atividades comunitárias, atividades diárias e lazer, especialmente em adultos, mais estudos ainda são necessários.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deisiane Oliveira Souto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Marina Oliveira de Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Rafaela Guimarães Ferreira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Ana Claudia Brandão
- Federação Brasileira das Associações de Síndrome de Down, Brasília, Brasil e Centro de Estudos de Crianças e Adolescentes com Deficiência da Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Hércules Ribeiro Leite
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Reabilitação, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Backman E, Åsberg Johnels J, Thunberg G. Parental perceptions of social life before and after attending a parent training program for children with complex communication needs: the ComAlong example. Augment Altern Commun 2024; 40:46-56. [PMID: 37768212 DOI: 10.1080/07434618.2023.2262036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parent training programs aimed at improving language outcomes for children with complex communication needs have predominantly been evaluated on child-centered outcomes and less often on the impact on social life or parental well-being. This study examined parent perceptions of social life before and after ComAlong, a group intervention providing parents with knowledge and training in responsive communication, environmental-milieu teaching strategies and augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Parents (N = 467) completed questionnaires during the first and last sessions of ComAlong groups held in Sweden 2012 to 2018. Main outcome measure was change in the Social Life Scale from the Family Impact Questionnaire. Associations between this measure and demographic factors of parents and children were analyzed, along with reported change in parents' use of AAC. Pre-post comparisons revealed small significant positive changes in perceived impact of social life following intervention. The magnitude of the positive change was larger among parents of children with non-syndromic diagnoses and parents of children with autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyper activity disorder (ADHD). Differences in social life impact was not associated with parents' gender, language proficiency, age, or educational background. In conclusion, communication-focused parent training programs can have a positive impact on social family life and may thereby influence children's participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Backman
- Regional habilitation center, Region Halland, Sweden
- Department of Social Sciences, Marie Cederschiöld University College, Sweden
| | - Jakob Åsberg Johnels
- Speech and Language Pathology Unit, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Thunberg
- DART centre for AAC and AT, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lin CL, Lin HY, Wang PJ. Association between Mastery Motivation, Executive Function, and Daily Participation of Young Children with and without Global Developmental Delays. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:220. [PMID: 38397332 PMCID: PMC10887173 DOI: 10.3390/children11020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the group differences in participation level between children with and without global delays and to explore the associations between mastery motivation, executive function, and participation in young children with and without global developmental delays (GDD). Methods: we recruited 26 children with GDD aged 2 to 5 years and 26 children with sex- and mental age-matched developing typically (TD). The participants were assessed child development using the standardized developmental test, and their mothers were asked to fill in questionnaires, including the revised Dimension of Mastery Questionnaire (DMQ 18) with preschool version to assess mastery motivation, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function with preschool version (BRIEF-P) to assess executive function, and the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) used to obtain participation levels. Results and conclusions: young children with GDD showed significantly lower participation levels at home, daycare, and community than TD group. We found that for young children, child mastery pleasure, health condition, and total persistence were significant predictors of child participation. Therefore, coaching parents to observe and facilitate their children's motivation and executive function, as well as child developmental abilities, is important in order to enhance children's participation in daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Lin Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan;
| | - Hung-Yu Lin
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Jung Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
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Krieger B, Ederer F, Amann R, Morgenthaler T, Schulze C, Dawal B. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the young children participation and environment measure for its use in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland. Front Pediatr 2024; 11:1258377. [PMID: 38239598 PMCID: PMC10794623 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1258377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Concepts such as participation and environment may differ across cultures. Consequently, cultural equivalence must be assured when using a measure like the Young Children Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) in other settings than the original English-speaking contexts. This study aimed to cross-culturally translate and adapt the YC-PEM into German as it is used in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Methods Following international guidelines, two translations were compared, and the research and expert team made the first adaptations. Twelve caregivers of children with and without disabilities from three German-speaking countries participated in two rounds of think-aloud interviews. Data were analyzed by content analysis to look for item, semantic, operational, conceptual, and measurement equivalence to reach a cultural equivalence version in German. Results Adaptations were needed in all fields but prominently in item, operational, and conceptual equivalence. Operational equivalence resulted in graphical adaptations in the instructions and questions to make the German version of YC-PEM, YC-PEM (G), more user-friendly. Conclusion This study presents a cross-cultural translation and adaptation process to develop a German version of the YC-PEM suitable for Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. A culturally adapted YC-PEM (G) is now available for research, practice, and further validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Krieger
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Friedrich Ederer
- Department of Economic and Social Sciences, Institute for Social Medicine, Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Services Research, Nordhausen University of Applied Sciences, Nordhausen, Germany
| | - Ruth Amann
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Graz University Clinic for Pediatrics and Adolescents Medicine, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Morgenthaler
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Christina Schulze
- Institute of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Britta Dawal
- Department of Education and Social Sciences, South Westphalia University of Applied Sciences, Soest, Germany
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De Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, Paleg G. F-words e ingredientes das intervenções precoces para crianças com paralisia cerebral não deambuladoras: uma revisão de escopo. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:e12-e22. [PMID: 37491829 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Cuidados centrados na família (incluindo coaching e intervenções fornecidas pelo cuidador) e treinamento parental formal são estratégias eficazes para crianças nos níveis IV e V do GMFCS. Os ingredientes de tecnologia assistiva podem promover várias F-words (funcionalidade, saúde, família, diversão, amigos e futuro). O menor nível de evidência foi encontrado para diversão, amigos e futuro. Outros fatores (prestação de serviços, treinamento profissional, dose de terapia, modificações ambientais) são relevantes para crianças pequenas nos níveis IV e V do GMFCS. Esta revisão de escopo identificou os ingredientes de intervenções precoces para crianças com paralisia cerebral em risco de não serem deambuladoras, e os mapeou-os de acordo com a estrutura das F-words. O treinamento formal dos pais e a tecnologia assistiva se destacaram como estratégias para abordar com várias F-words.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Egmar Longo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia em Pediatria, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, PB, Brasil
| | - Claire Shrader
- HMS School for Children with Cerebral Palsy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ginny Paleg
- Montgomery County Infants and Toddlers Program, Rockville, MD, USA
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De Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, Paleg G. F-words and early intervention ingredients for non-ambulant children with cerebral palsy: A scoping review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:41-51. [PMID: 37381598 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To explore the ingredients of early interventions provided to young children with cerebral palsy (CP) who are classified in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV and V, and to identify the 'F-words' addressed by the interventions. METHOD Searches were completed in four electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were the original experimental studies that fitted the following PCC components: population, young children (aged 0-5 years, at least 30% of the sample) with CP and significant motor impairment (GMFCS levels IV or V, at least 30% of the sample); concept, non-surgical and non-pharmacological early intervention services measuring outcomes from any of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health domains; and context, studies published from 2001 to 2021, from all settings and not limited to any specific geographical location. RESULTS Eighty-seven papers were included for review, with qualitative (n = 3), mixed-methods (n = 4), quantitative descriptive (n = 22), quantitative non-randomized (n = 39), and quantitative randomized (n = 19) designs. Fitness (n = 59), family (n = 46), and functioning (n = 33) ingredients were addressed by most experimental studies, whereas studies on fun (n = 6), friends (n = 5), and future (n = 14) were scarce. Several other factors (n = 55) related to the environment, for example, service provision, professional training, therapy dose, and environmental modifications, were also relevant. INTERPRETATION Many studies positively supported formal parent training and use of assistive technology to promote several F-words. A menu of intervention ingredients was provided, with suggestions for future research, to incorporate them into a real context within the family and clinical practice. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Family-centred care (including coaching and caregiver-delivered interventions) and formal parental training are effective strategies for children in GMFCS levels IV and V. Assistive technology ingredients (power, mobility, supported, sitting, stepping, and standing) may promote several 'F-words' (functioning, fitness, family, fun, friends, and future). The lowest level of evidence was found for fun, friends, and future. Other factors (service provision, professional training, therapy dose, environmental modifications) are relevant for young children in GMFCS levels IV and V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina De Campos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos-, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Egmar Longo
- Department of Physical therapy in Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa-, PB, Brazil
| | - Claire Shrader
- HMS School for Children with Cerebral Palsy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ginny Paleg
- Montgomery County Infants and Toddlers Program, Rockville, MD, USA
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De Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, Paleg G. F-Wörter und Interventionsinhalte in der Frühförderung nicht gehfähiger Kinder mit Cerebralparese: eine umfangreiche Literaturübersicht. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:e23-e34. [PMID: 37740649 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
AbstractZielUntersuchung der Inhalte von Frühfördermaßnahmen für Kleinkinder mit Cerebralparese (CP) mit Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) Level IV und V und die Identifikation von „F‐Wörtern“, die von den Maßnahmen adressiert werden.MethodeRecherche in vier elektronischen Datenbanken. Einschlusskriterien: experimentelle Originalstudien, die die folgenden PCC‐Komponenten erfüllten: Population: Kleinkinder (im Alter von 0–5 Jahre, mindestens 30% der Stichprobe) mit CP und erheblicher motorischer Beeinträchtigung (GMFCS‐Levels IV oder V, mindestens 30% der Stichprobe); Konzept: nicht‐chirurgische und nicht‐pharmakologische Leistungen der Frühförderung, die Ergebnisse aus einem der Bereiche der Internationalen Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF) messen; und Kontext: Studien, die zwischen 2001 und 2021 veröffentlicht wurden, in allen Konstellationen und nicht auf einen bestimmten geografischen Ort beschränkt.Ergebnisse87 Studien wurden in dieser Literaturübersicht berücksichtigt, mit qualitativen (n = 3), Mixed Methods (n = 4), quantitativ deskriptiven (n = 22), quantitativ nicht‐randomisierten (n = 39) und quantitativ randomisierten (n = 19) Designs. Die meisten experimentellen Studien befassten sich mit Fitness (n = 59), Familie (n = 46) und Funktion (n = 33), während es nur wenige Studien zu den Bereichen Spaß (n = 6), Freunde (n = 5) und Zukunft (n = 14) gab. Verschiedene Umweltfaktoren (n = 55) waren ebenfalls bedeutsam, z. B. das Angebot an Dienstleistungen, Berufsausbildung, Therapiedosis und Umweltanpassungen.InterpretationViele Studien unterstützen Elternschulungen und den Einsatz assistiver Technologien zur Förderung verschiedener F‐Wörter. Ein „Menü“ von Inhalten der Frühförderung wurden ermittelt, mit Vorschlägen für weitere Forschung, um diese in der klinischen Praxis mit Familien umzusetzen.Was dieser Artikel beiträgt
Familienzentrierte Angebote (einschließlich Beratung von und Intervention durch die Bezugspersonen) und strukturiertes Elterntraining sind wirksame Strategien für Kinder in den GMFCS‐Levels IV und V.
Hilfsmittel (Elektromobilität, unterstütztes Sitzen, Stehen und Gehen) können verschiedene „F‐Wörter“ fördern (Funktion, Fitness, Familie, Spaß, Freunde und Zukunft).
Die geringste Menge an Evidenz wurde für Spaß, Freunde und Zukunft gefunden.
Andere Faktoren (Angebot an Dienstleistungen, Berufsausbildung, Therapiedosis, Umweltanpassungen) sind relevant für Kleinkinder der GMFCS‐Levels IV und V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina De Campos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Egmar Longo
- Department of Physical therapy in Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Claire Shrader
- HMS School for Children with Cerebral Palsy, PA, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Ginny Paleg
- Montgomery County Infants and Toddlers Program, Early Childhood Services, MD, Rockville, USA
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de Campos AC, Hidalgo-Robles Á, Longo E, Shrader C, Paleg G. F-words e ingredientes de las intervenciones tempranas dirigidas a niños no ambulantes con parálisis cerebral: Una revisión exploratoria. Dev Med Child Neurol 2024; 66:e1-e11. [PMID: 37491808 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
La atención centrada en la familia (incluyendo coaching e intervenciones realizadas por los cuidadores) y el entrenamiento formal de los padres son estrategias efectivas para los niños con niveles IV y V de la GMFCS. Los ingredientes de la tecnología de apoyo pueden promover varias "F-words" (funcionamiento, estado físico, familia, diversión, amigos y futuro). Se encontró el nivel más bajo de evidencia para diversión, amigos y futuro. Otros factores (provisión de servicios, formación profesional, dosis de terapia, modificaciones del entorno) son relevantes para los niños pequeños con niveles IV y V de la GMFCS. Ingredientes de la intervención y F-words en intervenciones tempranas dirigidas a niños no ambulantes con parálisis cerebral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina de Campos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, -SP, Brazil
| | | | - Egmar Longo
- Department of Physical therapy in Pediatrics, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, -PB, Brazil
| | - Claire Shrader
- HMS School for Children with Cerebral Palsy, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ginny Paleg
- Montgomery County Infants and Toddlers Program, Rockville, MD, USA
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Wang Z, Golos A, Weiss JA, Anaby D. Participation of Children With Autism During COVID-19: The Role of Maternal Participation. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2024; 44:13-24. [PMID: 37089012 PMCID: PMC10125891 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231164939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about participation during adverse times. OBJECTIVES This study described participation of children with autism aged 6 to 13 during COVID-19 pandemic and examined the extent to which child factors, mother's own participation, and environmental barriers/supports explain child participation in home and community. METHOD A total of 130 mothers completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth, the Health Promoting Activities Scale, functional issues checklist, and sociodemographic questionnaire. RESULTS Children's participation frequency and involvement were significantly higher at home than in the community. In both settings, mothers desired change in 71% of activities. Multiple regression models indicated that child's age and mother's participation frequency significantly explained child's home involvement (R2 = 21%), where mother's participation (frequency) had a unique contribution (ΔR2 = 10.4%) at home but not in the community. CONCLUSION Findings imply the importance of maternal participation to child's participation at home and suggest redirecting attention for enhancing family participation as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Wang
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anat Golos
- The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Dana Anaby
- McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Deng W, Anastasopoulos S, deRegnier RA, Pouppirt N, Barlow AK, Patrick C, O’Brien MK, Babula S, Sukal-Moulton T, Peyton C, Morgan C, Rogers JA, Lieber RL, Jayaraman A. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial to evaluate a year-long (NICU-to-home) evidence-based, high dose physical therapy intervention in infants at risk of neuromotor delay. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291408. [PMID: 37725613 PMCID: PMC10508609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Developmental disabilities and neuromotor delay adversely affect long-term neuromuscular function and quality of life. Current evidence suggests that early therapeutic intervention reduces the severity of motor delay by harnessing neuroplastic potential during infancy. To date, most early therapeutic intervention trials are of limited duration and do not begin soon after birth and thus do not take full advantage of early neuroplasticity. The Corbett Ryan-Northwestern-Shirley Ryan AbilityLab-Lurie Children's Infant Early Detection, Intervention and Prevention Project (Project Corbett Ryan) is a multi-site longitudinal randomized controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of an evidence-based physical therapy intervention initiated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and continuing to 12 months of age (corrected when applicable). The study integrates five key principles: active learning, environmental enrichment, caregiver engagement, a strengths-based approach, and high dosage (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT05568264). METHODS We will recruit 192 infants at risk for neuromotor delay who were admitted to the NICU. Infants will be randomized to either a standard-of-care group or an intervention group; infants in both groups will have access to standard-of-care services. The intervention is initiated in the NICU and continues in the infant's home until 12 months of age. Participants will receive twice-weekly physical therapy sessions and caregiver-guided daily activities, assigned by the therapist, targeting collaboratively identified goals. We will use various standardized clinical assessments (General Movement Assessment; Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 4th Edition (Bayley-4); Test of Infant Motor Performance; Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Family Impact Module; Alberta Infant Motor Scale; Neurological, Sensory, Motor, Developmental Assessment; Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination) as well as novel technology-based tools (wearable sensors, video-based pose estimation) to evaluate neuromotor status and development throughout the course of the study. The primary outcome is the Bayley-4 motor score at 12 months; we will compare scores in infants receiving the intervention vs. standard-of-care therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyang Deng
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | - Raye-Ann deRegnier
- Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics (Neonatology), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Nicole Pouppirt
- Division of Neonatology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics (Neonatology), Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ann K. Barlow
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Cheryl Patrick
- Division of Rehabilitative Services, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Megan K. O’Brien
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Sarah Babula
- Pathways.org, Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Theresa Sukal-Moulton
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Colleen Peyton
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Catherine Morgan
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - John A. Rogers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Departments of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemistry, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Lieber
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Jessie Brown Jr., Hines V.A. Medical Center, Hines, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Arun Jayaraman
- Shirley Ryan AbilityLab, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
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Kilgour G, Stott NS, Steele M, Adair B, Hogan A, Imms C. The Journey to Sustainable Participation in Physical Activity for Adolescents Living with Cerebral Palsy. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1533. [PMID: 37761494 PMCID: PMC10528208 DOI: 10.3390/children10091533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand adolescents' and their parents' perspectives on 'being active', this study explored the experience of participation in physical activity (PA), the role of long-term participation in PA, and the importance of remaining active for life. METHODS Eight ambulant adolescents with CP (aged 11-16 years, seven male) participated in a high-level mobility programme twice per week for 12 weeks. Guided using interpretive description, adolescents and 12 of their parents were interviewed before, after and nine months following the programme. Thirty-eight interviews were coded, analysed, and interpreted, informed by audit information, reflective journaling, and team discussions. RESULTS Adolescents and their parents highly value being active now and into adulthood. Sustainable participation in PA requires adolescents and families to navigate complex environments (interpersonal, organisational, community, and policy). Core themes were: 'Just Doing it', 'Getting the Mix Right' (right people, right place, right time), 'Balancing the Continua' and 'Navigating the Systems'. The continua involved balancing intra-personal attributes: 'I will try anything' through to 'I will do it if I want to' and 'It's OK to be different' through to 'It sucks being disabled'. CONCLUSIONS The journey to sustainable participation was complex and dynamic. Experiences of successful journeys are needed to help adolescents with CP "stay on track" to sustainable participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaela Kilgour
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia;
| | - Ngaire Susan Stott
- Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Grafton Road, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Michael Steele
- School of Allied Health, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Road, Banyo, QLD 4014, Australia;
| | - Brooke Adair
- Grow Strong Children’s Physiotherapy, Melbourne, VIC 3185, Australia;
| | - Amy Hogan
- Cerebral Palsy Society of New Zealand, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
| | - Christine Imms
- Cerebral Palsy Society of New Zealand, Auckland 1023, New Zealand;
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Villegas VC, Bosak DL, Salgado Z, Phoenix M, Parde N, Teplicky R, Khetani MA. Diversified caregiver input to upgrade the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure for equitable pediatric re/habilitation practice. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2023; 7:87. [PMID: 37639038 PMCID: PMC10462549 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-023-00627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practitioner and family experiences of pediatric re/habilitation can be inequitable. The Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM) is an evidence-based and promising electronic patient-reported outcome measure that was designed with and for caregivers for research and practice. This study examined historically minoritized caregivers' responses to revised YC-PEM content modifications and their perspectives on core intelligent virtual agent functionality needed to improve its reach for equitable service design. METHODS Caregivers were recruited during a routine early intervention (EI) service visit and met five inclusion criteria: (1) were 18 + years old; (2) identified as the parent or legal guardian of a child 0-3 years old enrolled in EI services for 3 + months; (3) read, wrote, and spoke English; (4) had Internet and telephone access; and (5) identified as a parent or legal guardian of a Black, non-Hispanic child or as publicly insured. Three rounds of semi-structured cognitive interviews (55-90 min each) used videoconferencing to gather caregiver feedback on their responses to select content modifications while completing YC-PEM, and their ideas for core intelligent virtual agent functionality. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, cross-checked for accuracy, and deductively and inductively content analyzed by multiple staff in three rounds. RESULTS Eight Black, non-Hispanic caregivers from a single urban EI catchment and with diverse income levels (Mdn = $15,001-20,000) were enrolled, with children (M = 21.2 months, SD = 7.73) enrolled in EI. Caregivers proposed three ways to improve comprehension (clarify item wording, remove or simplify terms, add item examples). Environmental item edits prompted caregivers to share how they relate and respond to experiences with interpersonal and institutional discrimination impacting participation. Caregivers characterized three core functions of a virtual agent to strengthen YC-PEM navigation (read question aloud, visual and verbal prompts, more examples and/or definitions). CONCLUSIONS Results indicate four ways that YC-PEM content will be modified to strengthen how providers screen for unmet participation needs and determinants to design pediatric re/habilitation services that are responsive to family priorities. Results also motivate the need for user-centered design of an intelligent virtual agent to strengthen user navigation, prior to undertaking a community-based pragmatic trial of its implementation for equitable practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C Villegas
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dianna L Bosak
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zurisadai Salgado
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michelle Phoenix
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
| | - Natalie Parde
- Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rachel Teplicky
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, USA
| | - Mary A Khetani
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 316A, Chicago, IL, 60612-7250, USA.
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Golos A, Vidislavski S, Anaby D. Participation Patterns of Israeli Children with and without Autism, and the Impact of Environment. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2023; 44:143-160. [PMID: 37415267 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2023.2230269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Participation is vital to children's quality of life, yet it is often limited for those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). An improved understanding of the factors that may support or hinder their participation is important. This study aims to explore the participation patterns of children with and without ASD in the home, school, and community settings, as well as to explore the impact of environmental factors on the participation of children with ASD. METHODS 78 parents of children aged 6-12, attending mainstream educational settings (30 with ASD; 48 without ASD) completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth and a demographic questionnaire. RESULTS Children with ASD were rated significantly lower than children without ASD in participation, and their parents expressed a greater desire to change their participation while reporting lower overall environmental support. Among the ASD group, significant differences in participation were found across the three settings, with the highest participation scores at home. Environmental factors that support or limit children's participation were identified. CONCLUSIONS The results highlight the importance of environmental factors in children's participation. It is essential to evaluate different environmental settings; identifying the supportive and limiting environmental factors will enhance interventions for children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Golos
- Head of Environment and Participation in Community Laboratory; School of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Ministry of Education, School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shira Vidislavski
- Ministry of Education, School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dana Anaby
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Smith J, Halliwell N, Laurent A, Tsotsoros J, Harris K, DeGrace B. Social Participation Experiences of Families Raising a Young Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Implications for Mental Health and Well-Being. Am J Occup Ther 2023; 77:24095. [PMID: 37083974 PMCID: PMC10137595 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2023.050156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Social participation (SP) is an important facilitator of positive mental health for children and families. Children are dependent on their families to mediate SP, yet families of children with autism spectrum disorder (C-ASD) seemingly limit SP because of behavioral and functional challenges in community environments. The resulting isolation can affect the child's and the family's mental health. OBJECTIVE To distill the essence of everyday SP experiences in the community of families raising C-ASD. DESIGN Data collected via in-depth, semistructured interviews with a purposive sample and analyzed in the phenomenological tradition. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS We recruited seven families with English-speaking parents (ages 18-64 yr) raising one C-ASD (age 2-8 yr). Families with more than one C-ASD or those whose C-ASD was diagnosed with complex medical condition or a neurological or genetic disorder were excluded. RESULTS The essence of experiences of SP emerged in the form of three themes depicting the mismatch between societal expectations for SP and families' experience: (1) "the struggle," (2) "it's hard to feel like you belong," and (3) what we "have to do." CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE As a collective, families expressed desire for everyday community SP and could do so only in select environments with core groups. The findings, as interpreted through the lens of mental health promotion, reveal opportunities to reduce barriers and to promote meaningful family SP so as to facilitate positive mental health and well-being through the transactional intersecting characteristics of the child with ASD, the family, and the community. What This Article Adds: This study illuminates the experience of SP of families raising a young C-ASD, highlighting both supports and barriers. Practitioners can use this information to potentially prevent isolation and promote both child and family mental health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Smith
- Julie Smith, DSc, OTR/L, is Early Intervention Lead, Oklahoma County, Family Health Services, Oklahoma State Department of Health, Oklahoma City, OK. At the time of the study, Smith was Doctoral Student, Rehabilitation Sciences Program, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Nicole Halliwell
- Nicole Halliwell, DSc. OTR/L, is Assistant Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, Marjorie K. Unterberg School of Nursing and Health Sciences, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ. At the time of the study, Halliwell was Doctoral Student, Rehabilitation Sciences Program, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City;
| | - Amy Laurent
- Amy Laurent, PhD, OTR/L, is Codirector, Autism Level UP!, North Kingstown, RI. At the time of the study, Laurent was Adjunct Faculty, Department of Psychology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston
| | - Jessica Tsotsoros
- Jessica Tsotsoros, PhD, OTR/L, is Associate Professor and International Experience Coordinator, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Tulsa
| | - Katelyn Harris
- Katelyn Harris, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Intervention Center for Early Childhood, Irvine, CA
| | - Beth DeGrace
- Beth DeGrace, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Director of Kids Ministry, Crossings Community Church, Oklahoma City, OK. At the time of the study, DeGrace was Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
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Andrews C, Namaganda LH, Imms C, Eliasson AC, Asige E, Wanjala G, Kakooza-Mwesige A, Forssberg H. Participation of children and young people with cerebral palsy in activities of daily living in rural Uganda. Dev Med Child Neurol 2023; 65:274-284. [PMID: 35754006 PMCID: PMC10083931 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.15323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the participation attendance and involvement of children and young people with and without cerebral palsy (CP) in a low-resource area of Uganda. METHOD Eighty-two children and young people with CP aged 6 to 22 years (49 males, 33 females) and 81 age- and sex-matched peers without CP (6 to 22 years; 48 males, 33 females) participated in this population-based, cross-sectional study. Data on attendance and involvement in 20 home and community activities were obtained using Picture My Participation, an instrument intended to measure participation in children with disabilities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Non-parametric statistical methods were used to assess between-group differences. Effect size estimates were calculated. RESULTS Pooled attendance across all activities was lower in children and young people with CP than in children and young people without CP (p < 0.001) and for each activity item (p = 0.004 to p < 0.001). The effect sizes for each activity were 0.2 to 0.7. Between-group differences were larger for community activities than for home activities. Pooled involvement across all activities was less in the group with CP (p < 0.001) and for each activity (p = 0.014 to p < 0.001). The effect sizes for each activity were 0.2 to 0.5. Children and young people in Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I and II had higher attendance (p < 0.001) and involvement (p = 0.023) than those in GMFCS levels III to V. INTERPRETATION Participation of young people living with CP in Uganda was restricted, especially for community activities. There is a need to identify context-specific participation barriers and develop strategies to overcome them. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Children and young people with cerebral palsy (CP) attended all activities less than their peers without CP. Differences in attendance were larger for community-based activities than home activities. When attending activities, children and young people with CP were less involved than their peers. Children and young people with milder impairments attended less frequently than their peers without CP. Children and young people with milder impairments attended more frequently than their peers with severe impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carin Andrews
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda
| | - Lukia Hamid Namaganda
- CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Christine Imms
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ann-Christin Eliasson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Neuropaediatric Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elizabeth Asige
- CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Wanjala
- CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda
| | - Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda.,Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Hans Forssberg
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,CURIE Study Consortium, Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance System, Iganga, Uganda.,Neuropaediatric Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Guichard S, Coelho V, Grande C. Environment Mediates the Relationship Between Preschoolers Functioning and Involvement in Out-of-School Activities. OTJR-OCCUPATION PARTICIPATION AND HEALTH 2023; 43:52-60. [PMID: 35382626 DOI: 10.1177/15394492221083943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to understand the associations between child functioning and environmental barriers and the involvement of preschool children, with and without disabilities, in out-of-school activities, namely, home and community activities. Particularly, we aimed to investigate if environmental barriers mediate the relationship between child functioning and their involvement in these activities. Parents of 116 preschool-aged children (42 children with disabilities) reported on children's involvement and environmental factors at home and in the community. Preschool teachers assessed child functioning. Multiple linear regressions and mediation analysis were performed. Results indicated significant associations between child functioning, perceived environmental barriers, and involvement at home and in the community. A significant indirect association of child functioning on involvement through the perception of environmental barriers was found in both contexts. Findings support the biopsychosocial model of participation and a focus on environmental features by practitioners designing and implementing intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Guichard
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Coelho
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal.,University of Maia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Grande
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
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Lentzari L, Misouridou E, Karkou V, Paraskeva M, Tsiou C, Govina O, Kalogianni A, Parissopoulos S. The Experience of Dancing Among Individuals with Cerebral Palsy at an Inclusive Dance Group: A Qualitative Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1425:443-456. [PMID: 37581818 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Art practices such as dance have the potential to support people with disabilities. It is possible that through dancing, bodies that may be regarded as "deficient" can be strengthened while enhancing their personal and cultural identities. It is also possible that inclusive group dance classes can enable the integration of people with disabilities in their social context. However, there is limited research on how these potential benefits are experienced by participants. AIM The purpose of this research is to describe the experience of people with cerebral palsy participating in regular dance classes. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with six participants with cerebral palsy who participated in an inclusive dance group that was informed by the creative approach of Laban. The interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed according to the thematic analysis of Braun and Clarke. The qualitative analysis software program ATLAS.TI version 8 was used for organizing and data analysis. FINDINGS The six interviews were analyzed and codified in four main categories: (1) the experience of cerebral palsy (the body does not help); (2) dance as a form of relationship with myself and the other; (3) the value of dancing and; (4) the dancer. These categories led to the creation of two subthemes: (a) the "unlocking" concerning the therapeutic effect of dance and (b) the "acquisition of a dancer's identity" by engaging with dance as an artform. An overall theme also emerged, "the passage from darkness to light." CONCLUSIONS Individuals with cerebral palsy, while taking the risk of being physically "exposed" in dance classes and dance group performances, managed to unlock their bodies, develop connections with others, acquire the identity of a dancer, and move from "darkness" to "light."
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Lentzari
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece.
| | - Evdokia Misouridou
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Vicky Karkou
- Research Center for Arts and Wellbeing, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | | | - Chrysoula Tsiou
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Ourania Govina
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Kalogianni
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Stelios Parissopoulos
- Department of Nursing, MSc "Neurological Disorders - Evidence Based Practice", University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
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Xia C, Jing Q, Chen G, Sun M, Lu J. Association between Participation of Children with Disabilities and the Child, Family, and Environmental Factors in Shanghai, China: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:615. [PMID: 36612936 PMCID: PMC9819672 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Participation is essential to a child's health and well-being, whereas children with disabilities may lack the associated benefits because of physical restrictions. This study aims to examine the association between the participation of children with disabilities and the child, family, and environmental factors. A total of 433 children with disabilities aged 3-18 and their family caregivers were included. Three binary logistic regression models were respectively established to identify the significant factors associated with children's home, school, and community participation. Our main empirical results showed that among 433 children with disabilities, 44.3%, 47.6%, and 58.7% of them never or seldom participated in home, school, and community activities. Child and family factors were found to be dominantly associated with children's participation, and significant factors associated with the home, school, and community participation of children were different, including children's disability type, sleep problems and emotional stability, caregivers' education, mental HRQOL, rehabilitation belief, and number of children in the family. These results highlight that the participation of children with disabilities in mainland China urgently needs to be enhanced, and further research might be focused on validating the causal relationships between participation and significant child and family factors identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xia
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qi Jing
- School of Management, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
- China Rehabilitation and Health Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Gang Chen
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Mei Sun
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- China Research Center on Disability, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- China Rehabilitation and Health Institute, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
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Lima CRG, Abreu RWFD, Verdério BN, Brugnaro BH, Santos MMD, Dos Santos AN, Morgan C, Rocha NACF. Early Intervention Involving Specific Task-Environment-Participation (STEP) Protocol for Infants at Risk: A Feasibility Study. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2022; 43:303-320. [PMID: 36329671 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2022.2142084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To verify the feasibility and preliminary effects of the STEP protocol, an intervention based on specific motor skills, environmental factors and participation, in infants at biological risk.Methods: Twenty-eight at-risk infants (STEP Protocol = 14; Standard Intervention = 14), aged 3-9 months and at risk for developmental delay. The following outcomes were assessed: motor skills (Alberta Infant Motor Scale-AIMS); frequency and involvement of participation (Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure-YC-PEM), and home environment opportunities (Affordances in the Home Environment for Motor Development-AHEMD-IS). For both groups, interventions were provided by parents. The intervention for group was based on the following principles: (1) standard intervention: stimulation of motor skills; (2) STEP: stimulation of motor skills, participation, mother-infant interaction, environmental enrichment. A mean comparison test was applied to verify difference between groups after the intervention.Results: The protocol showed good retention and recruitment rates. The STEP group had significantly higher outcomes after intervention on the AIMS (p = 0.014); frequency (p = 0.02) and engagement (p = 0.03) in participation, when compared to standard intervention.Conclusions: The results showed that the STEP protocol is feasible, and presents better results compared to the standard intervention, which reinforces the importance of promoting participation, specific motor skills and family involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Resende Gâmbaro Lima
- Department of Physiotherapy, Neuropediatrics Section, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Nayara Verdério
- Department of Physiotherapy, Neuropediatrics Section, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Helena Brugnaro
- Department of Physiotherapy, Neuropediatrics Section, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Martins Dos Santos
- Department of Physiotherapy, Neuropediatrics Section, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Catherine Morgan
- School of Medicine, Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Lense M, Liu T, Booke L, Crawley Z, Beck S. Integrated parent-child music classes for preschoolers with and without autism: Parent expectations and experiences. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1517:78-87. [PMID: 35979848 PMCID: PMC9671817 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Integrated recreational programs designed to support neurodiverse children and their families are important vehicles for community participation. In this mixed-methods study, we investigated the mechanisms by which parent-child music classes for autistic and neurotypical children can support community participation. Parents of autistic (n = 33) and typically developing (TD; n = 28) preschoolers were interviewed about their expectations for and experiences of participating in a 12-week psychoeducational parent-child music program. Parents completed ratings of momentary affect and social connection, and researchers coded children's behavioral engagement during classes at multiple time points throughout the program. Primary motivations for enrolling in an integrated music class included children's interest in music and opportunities for child socialization. Parent-focused reasons were less frequently endorsed as primary motivations for participation. Yet, momentary ratings indicated that music classes supported parents' affect regulation and social connection with other parents at the level of individual classes and across the program. These in-class experiences were echoed by interviews following program completion, which additionally highlighted the use of new parenting strategies through the musical activities. Since parental emotional experiences of activities, supportive community relationships, and parenting confidence are all linked with increased community participation, integrated music classes may support participation and satisfaction with community experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Lense
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- The Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Talia Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren Booke
- In Tune Music & Wellness, Bellevue, Tennessee, USA
- Augsburg University, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zoe Crawley
- Department of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Psychology & Human Development, Peabody College of Education and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Sara Beck
- Department of Psychology, Randolph College, Lynchburg, Virginia, USA
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Killeen H, Anaby DR. The impact of parent involvement on improving participation of children born preterm: The story in the baseline. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 28:100942. [PMID: 35754976 PMCID: PMC9218735 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth continues to be a major public health challenge that has long term consequences on participation into adulthood. However, little is known about effective interventions to improve the participation of children born preterm. Methods This study gathered initial evidence on the usefulness of a goal-focused, environmental-based approach (Pathways and Resources for Engagement and Participation (PREP)) in improving the participation of children born preterm, and living in Ireland. Three school-age boys (6–7 years old) with a history of preterm birth participated in the 12-week PREP intervention. A 36-week single-subject AB design was employed and replicated across 3 different participation goals within each child and across 3 children. Activity performance was measured repeatedly, through parental involvement, using the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), providing 9 individual outcome trajectories. Visual inspection and mixed-effects segmented regression were used. Results Goals were selected from various participation domains and settings. Throughout the baseline phase, once goals were set, significant improvements in activity performance were observed for all participants (t = 14.06, p < 0.001). Further clinically significant improvements (2.58 on the COPM) for all 9 participation goals were seen in overall performance during the intervention phase. These changes remained at follow-up. Conclusions Findings support family-centered practice and draw attention to the power of goal setting in improving participation within this context. Challenges with single-subject design with this population were also highlighted. Results demonstrate the potential impact of parent involvement when using an environmental-based approach to improve the participation of this underserved population. Improvement in participation in children born preterm, without physical disabilities. Challenges of single-subject design with this population. Environmental-based strategies show effectiveness in addressing participation goals. Environmental-based strategies may promote capacity building in parents. Studies focusing on the impact of goal setting and parental involvement are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Killeen
- College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Áras Moyola, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Dana R Anaby
- McGill University, School of Physical and Occupation Therapy, 3630 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Hosmer House Rm. 302, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y5, Canada
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25
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Golos A, Ben-Zur H, Chapani SI. Participation in preschool activities of children with autistic spectrum disorder and comparison to typically developing children. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2022; 127:104252. [PMID: 35569171 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2022.104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation is essential to children's development and is a major focus of intervention. This study aimed to describe the participation patterns of children with ASD, in comparison to typically developing (TD) children. METHODS 70 preschoolers participated: 33 children with ASD, attending non-inclusive-education settings; and 37 TD children, attending mainstream educational settings. Two occupational therapists assessed their participation through structured observations in self-care activities, play, learning, and social participation areas; demographic and environmental questionnaires were also completed. RESULTS In the ASD group, frequency of participation was found to be significantly higher in ADL and learning than in other areas; level of performance was found to be significantly lower in social participation than in other areas. The TD group scored significantly higher than did the ASD group in most areas and scales. Initial findings tentatively showed that a structured educational environment for children with ASD may increase participation frequency. CONCLUSIONS The findings are consistent with recognized disabilities in play and social participation among children with ASD, and their limitations in participation, compared to their TD peers in most areas. Further studies are needed to evaluate additional psychometric properties of the different scales, and the impact of educational environments on participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Golos
- OTR, Head of Environment, Culture and Participation in Community Laboratory, School of Occupational Therapy , Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Hadas Ben-Zur
- OTR, Ministry of Education and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Sophi Itkin Chapani
- OTR, ALUT organization and School of Occupational Therapy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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26
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Ku B, Healy S, Yun J. Development of a survey measuring parental physical activity support in parents of children with disabilities. Disabil Rehabil 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35727955 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2089921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purposes of the current study were to develop a questionnaire to measure parental physical activity (PA) support in parents of children with disabilities and to examine factors associated with parental PA support. MATERIALS AND METHODS A questionnaire measuring parental PA support in parents of children with disabilities (PPSQ for PCD), consisting of three constructs (encouragement, co-PA, and logistic support) with 19 items, was initially developed and evaluated by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Three independent multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between the three constructs and parental PA orientation variables. RESULTS With the item deletion approach, the final model with 12 items (four items in each construct) was developed, which revealed an excellent model fit (x2= 78.42 [df = 51, p = .008], CFI = 0.98, GFI = 0.94. RMSEA = 0.05). The multiple regression analyses revealed that parental orientation variables were differently associated with each construct of the PPSQ for PCD. CONCLUSIONS The PPSQ for PCD consists of three constructs, differently associated with parental orientation variables. This questionnaire can be used as an instrument to assess parental PA support. Implications for RehabilitationThe Parental Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) can be used to assess parental physical activity support in parents of children with disabilities.The PPAQ measures three constructs (i.e., types) of parental physical activity support including encouragement, co-physical activity, and logistic support.Parental physical activity orientations (e.g., importance, enjoyment, and behavior) are differently associated with each construct of parental physical activity support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungmo Ku
- Department of Special Physical Education, Yong-In University, Yonginsi, Gyeounggido, South Korea
| | - Sean Healy
- Ireland College of Health Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joonkoo Yun
- Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Kaelin VC, Valizadeh M, Salgado Z, Sim JG, Anaby D, Boyd AD, Parde N, Khetani MA. Capturing and Operationalizing Participation in Pediatric Re/Habilitation Research Using Artificial Intelligence: A Scoping Review. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3. [PMID: 35919375 PMCID: PMC9340801 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.855240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background There is increased interest in using artificial intelligence (AI) to provide participation-focused pediatric re/habilitation. Existing reviews on the use of AI in participation-focused pediatric re/habilitation focus on interventions and do not screen articles based on their definition of participation. AI-based assessments may help reduce provider burden and can support operationalization of the construct under investigation. To extend knowledge of the landscape on AI use in participation-focused pediatric re/habilitation, a scoping review on AI-based participation-focused assessments is needed. Objective To understand how the construct of participation is captured and operationalized in pediatric re/habilitation using AI. Methods We conducted a scoping review of literature published in Pubmed, PsycInfo, ERIC, CINAHL, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses, ACL Anthology, AAAI Digital Library, and Google Scholar. Documents were screened by 2–3 independent researchers following a systematic procedure and using the following inclusion criteria: (1) focuses on capturing participation using AI; (2) includes data on children and/or youth with a congenital or acquired disability; and (3) published in English. Data from included studies were extracted [e.g., demographics, type(s) of AI used], summarized, and sorted into categories of participation-related constructs. Results Twenty one out of 3,406 documents were included. Included assessment approaches mainly captured participation through annotated observations (n = 20; 95%), were administered in person (n = 17; 81%), and applied machine learning (n = 20; 95%) and computer vision (n = 13; 62%). None integrated the child or youth perspective and only one included the caregiver perspective. All assessment approaches captured behavioral involvement, and none captured emotional or cognitive involvement or attendance. Additionally, 24% (n = 5) of the assessment approaches captured participation-related constructs like activity competencies and 57% (n = 12) captured aspects not included in contemporary frameworks of participation. Conclusions Main gaps for future research include lack of: (1) research reporting on common demographic factors and including samples representing the population of children and youth with a congenital or acquired disability; (2) AI-based participation assessment approaches integrating the child or youth perspective; (3) remotely administered AI-based assessment approaches capturing both child or youth attendance and involvement; and (4) AI-based assessment approaches aligning with contemporary definitions of participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera C. Kaelin
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Mina Valizadeh
- Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Natural Language Processing Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zurisadai Salgado
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Julia G. Sim
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dana Anaby
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew D. Boyd
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Natalie Parde
- Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Natural Language Processing Laboratory, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Natalie Parde
| | - Mary A. Khetani
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Mary A. Khetani
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Kurt G, Kurt V, Ülger Ö. Family and personal factors associated with the participation of children with special needs in leisure activities: A Turkish perspective. Arch Pediatr 2021; 29:121-127. [PMID: 34955304 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aims of the current study were to describe the participation patterns in leisure activities of children between the ages of 6 and 15 years with special needs and to analyze family behavior and personal factors that affect participation. MATERIAL AND METHODS Overall, 112 children with special needs aged 6-15 years and their families participated in the present study. Children's sociodemographic characteristics, participation patterns in leisure activities, family behavior, and quality of life were evaluated. RESULTS In this study, it was observed that children participated in recreational activities the most and in physical activities the least. Most of the families reported that they did not have an influence on determining the activity. The findings showed correlations between leisure activities and age, gender, and socioeconomic status (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The findings suggest that (a) children's participation in activities outside the home and (b) family guidance are insufficient. Thus, rehabilitation professionals can inform families about activities appropriate for children, positive family behavior, and social support programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Kurt
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kutahya Health Science University, Kutahya, Turkey.
| | - Vedat Kurt
- Faculty of Health Science, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Kutahya Health Science University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Özlem Ülger
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Early A, Suarez-Balcazar Y, Arias D. Latinx Parents' Perceptions of Neighborhood Walking Safety for Their Youth With Intellectual Disabilities: A Mixed-Methods Investigation. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021; 44:10-20. [PMID: 32842002 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Increased walking distance and frequency has been linked to positive health outcomes. Neighborhood walkability disproportionately impacts youth with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We investigated concerns of Latinx parents of youth with IDD about walkability and their impact on families' walking behavior. We surveyed Latinx parents of youth with IDD (n = 21) and compared results with the general population. Results were triangulated with a focus group (n = 5). Survey data were analyzed using a Mann-Whitney U test, and focus group data via thematic analysis. We found a significant difference (P < .05) between parents of youth with IDD and the general population on perceived aesthetics, opportunity to participate, and satisfaction. Latinx parents and their youth with IDD experience disparities in the safety and pleasantness of their communities for walking, which may contribute to decreased community participation, poorer health outcomes, and lower levels of neighborhood satisfaction among this already vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Early
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago
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Stelmokaite A, Prasauskiene A, Bakaniene I. Participation patterns and predictors of participation in preschool children with developmental disability. Br J Occup Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/03080226211034415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The research was aimed to evaluate patterns and clinical and environmental predictors of participation in preschool children with developmental disability. Method Cross-sectional design was employed. Caregivers ( n = 98) of children aged 9–70 months (mean = 48, SD = 1.5) with developmental disability completed a health questionnaire and the Lithuanian Young Children’s Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM). Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regressions were performed to identify patterns and predictors of participation at home, daycare/preschool, and the community. Results Participation restrictions, based on frequency and variety of activities, were mostly observed in the community setting. Both clinical and environmental factors explained at least two dimensions of participation across all settings. Of the clinical factors, the predictors of participation were found to be the severity but not the number of impairments of body structures and functions and/or activity limitations. Conclusions This study emphasizes the role of the environment and activity limitations in explaining participation of preschool children with developmental disability. Findings can re-direct practitioners’ attention towards context-based assessments and interventions to promote health through participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agne Stelmokaite
- Department of Children’s Rehabilitation, Lietuvos sveikatos mokslu universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Prasauskiene
- Department of Children’s Rehabilitation, Lietuvos sveikatos mokslu universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Indre Bakaniene
- Department of Children’s Rehabilitation, Lietuvos sveikatos mokslu universitetas, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Contextual, Client-Centred Coaching Following a Workshop: Assistants Capacity Building in Special Education. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126332. [PMID: 34208053 PMCID: PMC8296150 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Assistants serve an essential role in special education to support children with disabilities, but they should be properly trained and supervised. The coaching approach represents one trend that has been gradually implemented in occupational therapy (OT) and rehabilitation services. Still, few studies clearly define the coaching intervention, measure the fidelity of coaching practices, or evaluate capacity building of the caregivers in the long term. This quasi-experimental study compared one-on-one coaching in natural environments following a workshop with a training workshop. Both public schools do not have regular OT services. The primary outcome was the assistant's performance, measured with the Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS). The secondary outcome was the fidelity of coaching implementation, measured with the Coaching Practices Rating Scale (CPRS). The GAS showed an increased performance of the assistants after the intervention, with significant differences between groups post-intervention (p = 0.015) and large effect size (r = 0.55), but no long-term significant improvements were found at the follow-up (p = 0.072). The CPRS showed an adequate implementation of the five coaching components (joint planning, observation, action, reflection, and feedback), with a total score of 3.5 ± 0.72 (mean ± SD). The results suggest that coaching sessions provided by OTs in schools may improve assistants' skills to facilitate the student's participation.
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Cameron KL, FitzGerald TL, Albesher RA, McGinley JL, Allison K, Lee KJ, Cheong JLY, Spittle AJ. Barriers and facilitators to community participation for preschool age children born very preterm: a prospective cohort study. Dev Med Child Neurol 2021; 63:675-682. [PMID: 33421112 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM We compared preschool age children born very preterm with term-born controls to: (1) understand the association between very preterm birth and community participation, (2) determine if motor impairment or social risk affect participation differently between groups, and (3) understand environmental barriers and supports to participation for parents. METHOD Forty-eight children born very preterm (<30wks' gestation; 22 males, 26 females) and 96 controls (47 males, 49 females) were assessed at 4 to 5 years' corrected age for community participation using the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure. Motor skills were assessed using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition and the Little Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire. RESULTS Children born very preterm participated less frequently than term-born children (difference in means=-0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.54 to -0.03, p=0.029). Social risk was associated with lower frequency (interaction p<0.001) and involvement (interaction p=0.05) in community activities for children in the very preterm group only. Parents of children born very preterm perceived more barriers (odds ratio=4.32, 95% CI 1.46-12.77, p=0.008) and environmental factors to be less supportive of participation than parents of controls (difference in medians=-6.21, 95% CI -11.42 to -1.00, p=0.02). INTERPRETATION Children born very preterm may benefit from ongoing support to promote participation, especially in families of higher social risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Cameron
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tara L FitzGerald
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Reem A Albesher
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Physiotherapy Department, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jennifer L McGinley
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kim Allison
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Katherine J Lee
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alicia J Spittle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Participation in Play and Leisure Activities of Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children in Taiwan: A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115787. [PMID: 34072276 PMCID: PMC8198266 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Participation in enjoyable activities is essential for the health and development of young children with and without disabilities. For preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), there is limited knowledge regarding their participation in play, learning, recreation, and social activities. This was a preliminary study that compares the participation between children 2–6 years of age with ASD (n = 25) and age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) (n = 25) children. The Chinese version of the Assessment of Preschool Children’s Participation (APCP-C) measures participation in play, skill development, active physical recreation, and social activities. Parents of the children in this study completed the APCP-C by structured interview. The results showed that children with ASD had lower participation diversity and intensity than TD children in play activities. A lower percentage of children participating in individual activity was found for children with ASD than TD children in most APCP-C activities. Professionals that serve young children with special needs are encouraged to partner with parents to provide playful and socially enhancing activities for preschool children with ASD.
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Coussens M, Vitse F, Desoete A, Vanderstraeten G, Van Waelvelde H, Van de Velde D. Participation of young children with developmental disabilities: parental needs and strategies, a qualitative thematic analysis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e042732. [PMID: 33795296 PMCID: PMC8021744 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Participation refers to a person's involvement in activities and roles that provide interaction with others as well as engagement in family and community activities. Young children with developmental disabilities (DD) such as attention deficit hyperactive disorder, autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder are limited in their participation compared with their typically developing peers. This study aimed to obtain information regarding parental needs and strategies used to enable their child's participation. DESIGN A thematic inductive approach with in-depth interviews was used to explore parental experiences. Eleven women and two men, between 30 and 40 years of age, who had a child (4-9 years old) with a DD diagnosis based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria, participated in semistructured interviews. RESULTS Two central themes emerged: parental needs and parental strategies used to enable their child's participation. Parental needs were the following: increasing awareness, ameliorating parental burden, providing tailored interventions and supporting parents in finding suitable leisure activities. Parental strategies aimed at increasing their child's resiliency, attaining maximal fit between activity requirements and child capacity, and creating inclusive opportunities and awareness. CONCLUSIONS Understanding what families' needs are and how families use and integrate strategies within the context of their daily lives provides practitioners with insights needed to support families' resiliency in promoting their children's participation. The results have implications for professionals as this information can be used to inform, refine, or tailor participation-based and family-centred services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marieke Coussens
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Floris Vitse
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annemie Desoete
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Guy Vanderstraeten
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Van Waelvelde
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van de Velde
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Hoyt CR, L'Hotta AJ, Bauer AH, Chang CH, Varughese TE, Abel RA, King AA. Activity competence among infants and toddlers with developmental disabilities: Rasch analysis of the Infant Toddler Activity Card Sort (ITACS). J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:14. [PMID: 33475869 PMCID: PMC7818375 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Development is rapid in the first years of life. Developmental delays appearing during this critical period have the potential to persist throughout the child’s life. Available standardized assessments for this age record a child’s ability to successfully complete discrete skills but fail to capture whether the child incorporates those skills into daily routines that are meaningful to the child and family. The Infant Toddler Activity Card Sort (ITACS) is a newly developed photograph-based early intervention tool to measure the participation-related concept of activity competence using caregiver report. The purpose of the present study was to use Rasch analysis to determine if ITACS items comprehensively measure the construct of child activity competence. Results A total of 60 child/caregiver dyads participated. The dichotomous caregiver-reported responses (present vs. absent) on the 40 individual ITACS items were used in Rasch analysis, and three iterations of the model were completed. The final model included 51 child/caregiver dyads and 67 ITACS assessments with a good spread of individual ability measure (6.47 logits). All items demonstrated adequate infit except for “sleeping” (range 0.68–1.54). Five items (sleeping, eating at restaurants, brushing teeth, crawling, and interact with pets) demonstrated high Mean Square (MNSQ) outfit statistics and one (take a bath) demonstrated low MNSQ outfit. ITACS items demonstrated a good spread of item difficulty measures (6.27 logits), and a clear ceiling was observed. Three activity items (smiling, breastfeeding, and playing with adults) were rarely endorsed as concerns. The activities most likely to be reported as challenging were “crying/communicating” and “going to school”. Person and item reliability statistics were adequate (0.79 and 0.80, respectively). The separation between individuals and between items were adequate to good (1.96 and 1.99, respectively). Conclusions Findings indicate that ITACS items are measuring a unidimensional construct--activity competence in early childhood. The Rasch analysis of caregiver responses suggest that some activities are more likely to be considered challenging and may be important targets for intervention. These results provide evidence to further validate the ITACS as a caregiver report measure and support its use in the early intervention setting to facilitate caregiver driven goal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine R Hoyt
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA.
| | - Allison J L'Hotta
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA
| | - Anna H Bauer
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA
| | - Chih-Hung Chang
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA.,Institute of Informatics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Taniya E Varughese
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA
| | - Regina A Abel
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Allison A King
- Program in Occupational Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, 4444 Forest Park Blvd, MSC 8505-66-1, MO, 63108, St. Louis, USA.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Institute of Public Health, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Chien CW, Lin CY. Community Participation of School-Age Children: Who is at Risk of Restricted Participation? Phys Occup Ther Pediatr 2021; 41:447-463. [PMID: 33761819 DOI: 10.1080/01942638.2021.1900489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to identify children with restricted community participation and examine the extent to which the child, family, and environmental factors were associated with restricted participation. METHODS A school-based sample of 92 children with disabilities and 391 children without disabilities aged 5-12 years was recruited in Hong Kong. Parents completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth and a demographic questionnaire. Moreover, children completed the Children's Depression Inventory. Rasch analysis was used to determine the criteria that differentiated between children with and without participation restriction, based on frequency of activities. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with participation restriction. RESULTS One hundred seventy-three children (35.8% of the sample), including 42 with disabilities, were identified as having restricted participation. Participation restriction was associated with higher depressive symptoms in children (odds ratio (OR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.01, 1.08]), lower environmental resources (OR = 0.97, 95% CI [0.96, 0.99]), and coming from families with three or more children (OR = 2.80, 95% CI [1.44, 5.46]). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that a sizable number of children are at risk for restricted participation in the community. Healthcare services and strategies that address the associated factors are needed to promote children's community participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wen Chien
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Jarvis JM, Fayed N, Fink EL, Choong K, Khetani MA. Caregiver dissatisfaction with their child's participation in home activities after pediatric critical illness. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:415. [PMID: 32878614 PMCID: PMC7466418 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02306-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pediatric critical care is often accompanied by a variety of functional impairments. Preliminary evidence suggests children's participation in home activities has a slow trajectory post-pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) discharge, however, additional and more granular knowledge on specific problematic activities is needed to inform patient-centric rehabilitative care. The objectives of this study are to identify common home activities in which caregivers' report dissatisfaction and to determine predictors of caregivers' dissatisfaction with their child's participation in home activities post-PICU discharge. METHODS Secondary analyses of data from a prospective cohort study, the Wee-Cover study, using a subsample of caregivers (N = 170) of children 1-17 years, admitted to a PICU ≥48 h with data on our primary outcome measure from at least one time point. Data were gathered at enrollment and at 3 and 6 months post-PICU discharge. Caregivers reported on their dissatisfaction with their child's participation in home activities via the Participation and Environment Measure. Common activities were identified by plotting caregiver dissatisfaction for each activity pre-and post-PICU, reporting activities in which ≥50% of caregivers reported dissatisfaction with post-PICU, and assessing for significantly different dissatisfaction levels between time-points for each activity. Predictors of caregiver dissatisfaction were assessed using Poisson generalized estimated equation models. RESULTS There was variability in reported dissatisfaction across all activities; ≥50% of caregivers reported dissatisfaction with five activities, including getting clean, personal care management, and mealtime for younger children and household chores and homework for school-aged children and youth. Four activities had significantly higher caregiver dissatisfaction post-PICU: sleep (children < 5 years), homework, indoor play and games, and computer/video games (children ≥5 years). Home environmental support and the interaction of having participation-focused strategies with receiving PICU-based rehabilitation services were negatively associated with caregiver dissatisfaction. Increased caregiver stress and functional performance were associated with increased dissatisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Individualized PICU-based rehabilitation services to determine family priorities and develop participation-focused strategies, specifically those increasing environmental supports within the home, may ease the family's transition home post-PICU. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02148081 05/28/2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Jarvis
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W. Taylor Street, AHSB 316A, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nora Fayed
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ericka L Fink
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karen Choong
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary A Khetani
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 W. Taylor Street, AHSB 316A, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Albrecht EC, Kaelin VC, Rigau BL, Dooling-Litfin JK, Scully EA, Murphy NJ, McManus BM, Khetani MA. Pilot implementation of an electronic patient-reported outcome measure for planning and monitoring participation-focused care in early intervention. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2020; 20:199. [PMID: 32838772 PMCID: PMC7446047 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-020-01189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family-centered care is a valued approach to improving child and family outcomes in early intervention (EI), yet there is need to implement interventions that support information exchange for shared decision-making when planning and monitoring EI care. This study aims at estimating the feasibility, acceptability, and value of implementing the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure (YC-PEM), a valid electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO) that is designed to support family engagement when planning care and monitoring outcomes of care. METHODS Data were gathered from caregivers (N = 139) that were enrolled in a Phase 1 trial of the YC-PEM e-PRO as implemented within 1 month of their child's next EI evaluation of progress. YC-PEM e-PRO feasibility was estimated according to enrollment and completion rates, and mean completion time. Chi-square tests were used to examine parent perceptions of YC-PEM e-PRO acceptability by caregiver education and family income. Caregiver feedback via open-ended responses were content coded to inform intervention and protocol optimizations. YC-PEM e-PRO value was estimated via composite and item-level scores to capture the extent of participation difficulty in home and community activities, and common areas of need regarding caregivers desired change in their child's participation. RESULTS Feasibility of implementing the YC-PEM e-PRO in routine EI care was mixed, as evidenced by low enrollment rates (21.0-29.2%), a high completion rate (85.3%), and limited missing data (80.6% of completed cases contained no missing data). More than half of the participants reported that the completion of the YC-PEM e-PRO was at least somewhat helpful, regardless of family income or caregiver education, providing support for its acceptability. As for its value, the YC-PEM e-PRO results were viewed by 64% of caregivers, whose desire for change most often pertained to the child's participation in non-discretionary activities at home and structured activities in the community. CONCLUSIONS Results may support the implementation of YC-PEM e-PRO as a feasible, acceptable, and valued option for engaging families in planning the child's EI care. Results also inform select intervention and protocol optimizations prior to undertaking a multi-site pragmatic trial of its effectiveness on family engagement and shared decision-making within an EI clinical workflow. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial number: NCT03904797 . Trial registered at Clinicaltrials.gov . Registered 22 March 2019. Retrospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. C. Albrecht
- Invest in Kids, 1775 Sherman Street, Suite 1445, Denver, CO 80203 USA
| | - V. C. Kaelin
- Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - B. L. Rigau
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 316A, Chicago, IL 60612-7250 USA
| | | | - E. A. Scully
- Rocky Mountain Human Services, 9900 E Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 8023 USA
| | - N. J. Murphy
- Health Systems, Management, and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E. 17th Place, Mail Stop B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - B. M. McManus
- Health Systems, Management, and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E. 17th Place, Mail Stop B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA
| | - M. A. Khetani
- Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Room 316A, Chicago, IL 60612-7250 USA
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8 Canada
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Khalifa G, Rosenbaum P, Georgiades K, Duku E, Di Rezze B. Exploring the Participation Patterns and Impact of Environment in Preschool Children with ASD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E5677. [PMID: 32781551 PMCID: PMC7460096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Participation in everyday activities at home and in the community is essential for children's development and well-being. Limited information exists about participation patterns of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study examines these participation patterns in both the home and community, and the extent to which environmental factors and social communication abilities are associated with participation. Fifty-four parents of preschool-aged children with ASD completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Young Children and the Autism Classification System of Functioning: Social Communication. The children had a mean age of 48.9 (8.4) months. Patterns of participation were studied using descriptive statistics, radar graphs, and Spearman correlations. Children with ASD participated in a variety of activities at home and in the community, but showed a higher participation frequency at home. Parents identified different barriers (e.g., social demands) and supports (e.g., attitudes) in both settings. There was a moderate positive association between children's social communication abilities and their levels of involvement during participation and the diversity of activities. This study highlights the importance of social communication abilities in the participation of preschool children with ASD, and the need to support parents while they work to improve their child's participation, especially within their communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghaidaa Khalifa
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
| | - Peter Rosenbaum
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
| | - Kathy Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada; (K.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Eric Duku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8N 3K7, Canada; (K.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Briano Di Rezze
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada;
- CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 1C7, Canada
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Khetani MA, McManus BM, Albrecht EC, Kaelin VC, Dooling-Litfin JK, Scully EA. Early intervention service intensity and young children's home participation. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:330. [PMID: 32620161 PMCID: PMC7333381 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Young children with developmental disabilities and delays spend significant amounts of time at home, show decreased participation in home-based activities, and receive home-based early intervention services to improve participation in activities. Yet, knowledge about the relationship between EI service use and children’s home participation in activities remains poorly understood but needed for program improvement. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between EI service use and children’s home participation. Methods In a cross-sectional design, data were gathered from caregivers (N = 139) who enrolled in a pilot trial of the Young Children’s Participation in Environment Measure (YC-PEM) electronic patient-reported outcome (e-PRO), as implemented within 1 month of their child’s next EI progress evaluation. A series of path analytic models were used to estimate EI service intensity as a predictor of parent-reported young children’s home participation 1) frequency, 2) level of involvement, and 3) desired change, adjusting for family and child social and functional characteristics. Models included caregiver perceptions of home environmental support to test its indirect (i.e., mediation) effects on the relationship between EI service intensity and each of the three home participation dimensions. Results All three models fit the data well (comparative fit index = 1.00). EI service intensity was not a significant predictor of participation frequency. However, EI service intensity had a significant direct effect on a child’s participation according to level of involvement and desired change, explaining between 13.3–33.5% of the variance in home participation. Caregiver perceptions of environmental support had a small yet significant indirect effect on the relationship between EI service intensity and level of involvement and desired change; these models explained between 18.5–38.1% of the variance in home participation. Conclusions EI service intensity has important links with involvement in and desired change for home-based activities. Caregiver perceptions of environmental support appears to be a factor in the relationship between EI service intensity and home participation. Results warrant longitudinal replication with a control group, which would be possible with the implementation of the YC-PEM e-PRO in a routine EI clinical workflow. Trial retrospectively registered NCT03904797.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Khetani
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA. .,Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA. .,CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, Hamilton, Canada.
| | - B M McManus
- Health Systems, Management, and Policy, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, USA
| | | | - V C Kaelin
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | | | - E A Scully
- Rocky Mountain Human Services, Denver, USA
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I Want to Play: Children With Cerebral Palsy Talk About Their Experiences on Barriers and Facilitators to Participation in Leisure Activities. Pediatr Phys Ther 2020; 32:190-200. [PMID: 32604358 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000000719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore how children with cerebral palsy (CP) experience participation in leisure activities and to describe the environmental barriers and facilitators. METHODS Sixteen children with cerebral palsy aged 7 to 17 years participated in 3 focus groups. Data were analyzed thematically by 3 researchers on the basis of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. RESULTS A total of 38 International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health categories were identified (4 linked to Body functions; 2 linked to Body structures; 8 linked to Activities & Participation, and 24 to Environmental factors: 10 facilitators and 14 barriers). The most mentioned categories were Voluntary movement control functions, Functions related to gait pattern, Structure of upper arm, Recreation and leisure, Nuclear family and finally, and Individual attitudes of acquaintances. CONCLUSIONS The main barriers identified by children with cerebral palsy highlight aspects of the physical, social, and attitudinal environment that could be modified to enhance participation in leisure activities.
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Nap-van der Vlist MM, Kars MC, Berkelbach van der Sprenkel EE, Nijhof LN, Grootenhuis MA, van Geelen SM, van der Ent CK, Swart JF, van Royen-Kerkhof A, van Grotel M, van de Putte EM, Nijhof SL. Daily life participation in childhood chronic disease: a qualitative study. Arch Dis Child 2020; 105:463-469. [PMID: 31748222 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Opportunities to participate in daily life have improved considerably for children with chronic disease. Nevertheless, they still face challenges associated with their ever-present illness affecting every aspect of their lives. To best help these children, we aimed to assess the child's own perspective on participation and the main considerations that affect participation in a stable phase of disease. METHODS Qualitative study design was applied. Semistructured, indepth interviews were conducted and analysed by a general inductive approach using constant comparison, coding and categorisation. Children 8-18 years old with a chronic disease were recruited from a cohort study involving cystic fibrosis, autoimmune disease and post-treatment paediatric cancer. RESULTS 31 of the 56 (55%) invited patients participated. From the perspective of children with chronic disease, participation is considered more than merely engaging in activities; rather, they view having a sense of belonging, the ability to affect social interactions and the capacity to keep up with peers as key elements of full participation. Some children typically placed a higher priority on participation, whereas other children typically placed a higher priority on their current and/or future needs, both weighing the costs and benefits of their choices and using disclosure as a strategy. CONCLUSIONS Enabling full participation from the child's perspective will help realise patient-centred care, ultimately helping children self-manage their participation. Caregivers can stimulate this participation by evaluating with children how to achieve a sense of belonging, active involvement and a role within a peer group. This requires active collaboration between children, healthcare providers and caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel M Nap-van der Vlist
- Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke C Kars
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Linde N Nijhof
- Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martha A Grootenhuis
- Psycho-oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan M van Geelen
- Education Centre, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K van der Ent
- Cystic Fibrosis Center and Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joost F Swart
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annet van Royen-Kerkhof
- Paediatric Rheumatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martine van Grotel
- Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Elise M van de Putte
- Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne L Nijhof
- Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Chien CW, Leung C, Schoeb V, Au A. A Chinese version of the young children's participation and environment measure: psychometric evaluation in a Hong Kong sample. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 43:3061-3069. [PMID: 32096426 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1727032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the psychometric properties of a Chinese-translated version of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure was translated into Chinese using cultural adaptation by adding/replacing with activities relevant to Chinese culture. Parents of 53 children aged 2-5 years with developmental disabilities and of 50 typical developing children completed the questionnaires. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, known-group validity, and discriminant validity were examined using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficient, Mann-Whitney U tests, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients respectively. RESULTS Internal consistency was acceptable for most scales (α = 0.42-0.89). Test-retest reliability of the summary scores was moderate to high for all scales (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.65-0.90). Known-group validity was supported by demonstrating significant differences by disability status in all community participation scales, two daycare/preschool participation scales, and one home participation scale. Low or negative correlations between the scores of some scales and children's cognition (ρ = 0.27-0.32; -0.36-to-0.35) and parental stress (ρ = -0.42-to-0.31) supported discriminant validity. CONCLUSION This study provided psychometric evidence supporting the use of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure to assess Chinese children's participation and environmental support.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThe Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure is translated into Chinese using a cultural adaptation process.The Chinese version of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure demonstrates evidence for internal consistency, test-retest reliability (including the minimal detectable change).The Chinese version of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure demonstrates evidence for known-group validity and discriminant validity.The Chinese version of the Young Children's Participation and Environment Measure holds promise for use in children aged 2-5 years to assess their participation and identify environmental barriers warranting intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wen Chien
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Cynthia Leung
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China
| | - Veronika Schoeb
- School of Health Sciences (HESAV), University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland (HES-SO), Delémont, Switzerland
| | - Alma Au
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong (SAR), China
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Richardson ZS, Scully EA, Dooling-Litfin JK, Murphy NJ, Rigau B, Khetani MA, McManus BM. Early Intervention Service Intensity and Change in Children's Functional Capabilities. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 101:815-821. [PMID: 31778660 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.10.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate correlates of early intervention (EI) service dosage and gains in children's functional capabilities from EI entry and discharge. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING Secondary analyses of a subset of data (N=1005) collected from an EI administrative database on children discharged from a large, urban EI program between October 1, 2014 and September 30, 2016. PARTICIPANTS Children who were EI eligible due to developmental delay, had received an EI care plan and at least 1 billable EI service, and had outcomes data at EI entry and exit (N=1005). Measured child characteristics included age (49.0% 12-24mo; n=492), sex (36.0% female; n=362), number of developmental delays (76.1% had 1 developmental delay; n=765), and number of EI services received (78.5% received multiple; n=789). INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Outcomes were EI service intensity (hours per month) and change in functional capabilities as measured via the state-mandated Child Outcomes Summary (COS). Adjusted quantile median regression estimated EI intensity. Adjusted linear regression estimated change in function for social-emotional, cognitive, and adaptive domains of the COS. Measures of children's developmental delay severity, age at EI entry, race and ethnicity, sex, and language. RESULTS Children older than 24 months old experienced significantly higher EI service intensity (b=0.40; 95% confidence interval, 0.18-0.63). Child age and EI service intensity were significantly linked to gains in social and cognitive COS score changes from EI entry to exit. CONCLUSIONS Older children receive a higher intensity of EI services. EI service intensity and age were linked with positive changes in functional gains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary S Richardson
- Department of Health Systems, Management and Policy, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | - Natalie J Murphy
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado
| | - Briana Rigau
- Children's Participation in Environment Research Lab, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mary A Khetani
- Departments of Occupational Therapy and Disability and Human Development, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Beth M McManus
- Department of Health Systems, Management and Policy, University of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado
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Wang PJ, Liao HF, Kang LJ, Chen LC, Hwang AW, Lu L, Tu YK, Morgan GA. Child and family factors that predict participation attendance in daily activities of toddlers with global developmental delay. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 43:1849-1860. [PMID: 31647340 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1678685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES Enhancing children's daily participation is the optimal goal of early childhood intervention. This study aimed to identify child and family predictors of participation for toddlers with global developmental delay. METHODS Fifty-nine toddlers with global developmental delay (aged 24-43 months) and their mothers participated in a 6-month longitudinal study. Predictors for participation were child factors [age, gender, delay severity, mastery motivation (perceived persistence and task persistence), and withdrawal behavior], and family factors (socioeconomic status, family income, maternal education, stress, and maternal teaching behavior). Dependent variables were participation diversity and intensity of four activity types measured 6-month later using the Assessment of Preschool Children's Participation (Chinese version). Correlation and hierarchical regression statistical methods were used. RESULTS Older children with higher persistence had higher overall participation. Different factors predicted different participation dimensions and different activity types. Older age, higher perceived persistence, and being less withdrawn predicted higher diversity and intensity for play participation. For skill development participation, older age, less severity, higher mastery motivation, and better maternal teaching behaviors predicted higher diversity; and age, mastery motivation and maternal teaching predicted intensity. CONCLUSIONS Different factors predict participation attendance differently. Supporting parents to enhance toddlers' mastery motivation may optimize children's participation in daily activities.Implications for rehabilitationBased on the child and their caregiver preferences, applicability and/or engagement for different activity types, interventionists could collaborate further with caregivers to find strategies to increase children's participation attendance in daily life.Interventionists could consult with caregivers: (a) to observe the persistence and positive affect (mastery motivation) of children during different activities, (b) to figure out the possible barriers to participation in those activities, and (c) to demonstrate appropriate caregiver-child interactions.Interventionists are encouraged to support children's mastery motivation and quality of maternal teaching behaviors to enhance participation in daily activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Jung Wang
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Fang Liao
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwan Society of ICF, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Ju Kang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chiou Chen
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Wen Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Early Intervention, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kang Tu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George A Morgan
- Education and Human Development, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Jarvis JM, Gurga A, Greif A, Lim H, Anaby D, Teplicky R, Khetani MA. Usability of the Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) for Client-Centered and Participation-Focused Care Planning. Am J Occup Ther 2019; 73:7304205130p1-7304205130p8. [PMID: 31318677 PMCID: PMC9563087 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2019.032235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The Participation and Environment Measure Plus (PEM+) is a new electronic health application to help caregivers contribute to client-centered and participation-focused care planning for their young child. The PEM+ is designed to help caregivers build on their participation assessment by determining priority activities, setting specific goals, and identifying strategies for goal attainment. OBJECTIVE To examine the usability of the PEM+. DESIGN A single-arm usability trial. SETTING Two early intervention and early childhood educational programs. PARTICIPANTS Six caregivers of children ages 0-3 yr with developmental delay and receiving rehabilitation services. INTERVENTION Caregivers who were eligible and enrolled were given access to the PEM+ for 1 wk and instructed to complete one iteration. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Usability was assessed according to caregivers' report of PEM+'s technical effectiveness and ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction via the Usefulness, Satisfaction, and Ease of Use questionnaire. RESULTS All caregivers completed the PEM+ online once and in its entirety (mean completion time = 13.6 min). Mean technical effectiveness ratings ranged from 5.7 to 6.3 out of 7.0, and mean ease of use, ease of learning, and user satisfaction ratings were 4.4, 5.4, and 4.2 out of 6.0, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Caregivers of young children can navigate the PEM+. Trends in survey feedback informed optimizations for the PEM+ before further feasibility testing. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS This study provides preliminary evidence for a promising tool that can help to customize the way practitioners partner with families to create a plan for occupational therapy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Jarvis
- Jessica M. Jarvis, PhD, is Postdoctoral Associate, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Andrea Gurga
- Andrea Gurga, MS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Alexa Greif
- Alexa Greif, MS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Heather Lim
- Heather Lim, BS, is Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Dana Anaby
- Dana Anaby, PhD, is Associate Professor, School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rachel Teplicky
- Rachel Teplicky, MS, is Business and Engagement Officer, CanChild Centre for Childhood Disability Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary A Khetani
- Mary A. Khetani, ScD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago;
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Caregiver Strategy Use to Promote Children's Home Participation After Pediatric Critical Illness. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100:2144-2150. [PMID: 31278925 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objectives are to assess the most common type of caregiver strategy (remedial vs compensatory) reported for supporting their child's home participation after critical illness and identify themes in compensatory strategies described, with a secondary objective to describe themes in strategy use as reported by caregivers of children who did and did not receive pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) rehabilitation services. DESIGN Qualitative substudy of the Wee-Cover prospective cohort study. SETTING Two PICU sites. PARTICIPANTS Wee-Cover enrolled caregivers (N=180) of children 1-17 years of age, who were admitted to a PICU for ≥48 hours. This study excluded participants missing relevant data (n=12). INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Qualitative data were gathered from open-ended questions on strategies within the Participation and Environment Measure at PICU discharge and 3 and 6 months post-PICU discharge. Strategies were classified as remedial or compensatory pending their content fit with 1 of 5 environmental chapters in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health-Children and Youth Version. Data on PICU-based rehabilitation services were obtained prospectively from electronic medical records and dichotomized (yes or no). RESULTS Most caregiver strategies were compensatory, with more than half (60%) of the strategies pertaining to fostering supportive relationships. In contrast, strategies addressing the child's natural environment (12%), services (3%), and attitudes of others in the home (1%) were least commonly described. Similar themes were identified for caregivers whose children did and did not receive PICU rehabilitation services. CONCLUSIONS Caregivers identify a range of strategies to facilitate their child's participation in home activities post-PICU discharge, but primarily report on strategies for addressing supports and relationships in the child's home environment. Results highlight areas warranting caregiver education to support the child's participation after critical illness.
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Bakaniene I, Prasauskiene A. Patterns and predictors of participation in children and adolescents with spina bifida. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:3771-3779. [PMID: 31050564 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1610510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Participation is defined as involvement and engagement in all life situations and is seen as an essential condition for children's development. Here, we analyzed the patterns and predictors of participation for Lithuanian children and adolescents with spina bifida (SB).Material and methods: A cross-sectional design was employed. Parents of children aged 5-18 years with SB (n = 99) completed the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth. Information about children's health conditions and functional issues was also collected. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze participation patterns, and multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify the significant explanatory factors in each setting.Results: Participation restriction was mainly observed in preschool/school and the community settings. The environmental factors consistently explained at least one dimension of participation across all settings. Intellectual abilities had a substantial effect on participation in the home and preschool/school setting, whereas the contribution of bowel incontinence was observed in the preschool/school setting.Conclusions: Our findings highlight the role of intellectual functioning, bowel continence, and the environmental factors in explaining participation of children with SB across different settings and, therefore, demonstrate the need for more supports and environmental modifications (especially for those who have lower level of cognitive abilities), as well as interventions targeting improved bowel continence.Implications for rehabilitationChildren with spina bifida had low levels of participation in the community and preschool/school settings.The most important predictors for participation were intellectual abilities, bowel continence, and the environmental factors.Practitioners should pay more attention to environmental modifications (especially for children who have lower level of cognitive abilities) as primary targets of interventions aimed at promoting participation.Strategies to improve bowel continence could improve participation in the preschool/school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indre Bakaniene
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Audrone Prasauskiene
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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McDougall J, DeWit DJ, Wright FV. Social anxiety symptoms among youth with chronic health conditions: trajectories and related factors. Disabil Rehabil 2019; 42:3293-3305. [PMID: 30950664 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2019.1590742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: This study explored three-year trajectories of social anxiety symptoms among youth with chronic health conditions and investigated factors influencing those trajectories.Methods: Participants (N = 439) were recruited from eight pediatric rehabilitation centers. The Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised measured social anxiety across four time points. Latent Class Growth Analysis was used to study trajectories and logistic regression to identify related factors.Results: A three-class solution was supported: a "high anxiety and stable" group (17.1%), a "moderate anxiety and stable" group (44.4%), and a "low anxiety and stable" group (38.5%). Youth in the "moderate and stable" group were less likely to be male compared to the "low and stable" group. Youth in the "high and stable" group were more likely to have greater cognitive symptoms and less likely to have higher levels of social participation compared to the "low and stable" group. Youth in both the "high and stable" and "moderate and stable" groups were less likely to have high support from classmates or close friends compared to the "low and stable" group. Moreover, both the "high and stable" and "moderate and stable" groups were less likely to have positive family functioning.Conclusion: Youth with chronic conditions belonging to "high and stable" and "moderate and stable" social anxiety trajectories can be distinguished from those in a "low and stable" trajectory using personal, functional, and environmental level variables.Implications for RehabilitationYouth with chronic health conditions are at risk of developing and maintaining moderate to high levels of social anxiety symptoms as they move through adolescence.Compared to youth with "low and stable" social anxiety, those with "moderate and stable" social anxiety are less likely to be male, have high peer support or high family functioning.Compared to youth with "low and stable" social anxiety, those with "high and stable" social anxiety are more likely to have greater cognitive symptoms, and less likely to have high social participation, high peer support, or high family functioning.Rehabilitation and other professionals should not only consider factors that are functional in nature; they should also consider personal and environmental level factors when supporting youth with chronic health conditions who experience social anxiety symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette McDougall
- Thames Valley Children's Centre, Research Program, London, ON, Canada.,School of Occupational Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - David J DeWit
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - F Virginia Wright
- Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Bloorview Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Bakanienė I, Prasauskienė A. Clinical and Environmental Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life in Lithuanian Children and Adolescents with Spina Bifida: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Nationally Represented Sample. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 54:medicina54040059. [PMID: 30344290 PMCID: PMC6174335 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54040059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: In pediatric chronic health conditions, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a useful indicator of health, development, and well-being. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of clinical and environmental factors on the HRQOL of children and adolescents with spina bifida (SB). Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study of the sample of 99 children and adolescents with SB aged 5 to 17 years. The questionnaires used in the study were the Spina Bifida Health-Related Quality of Life instrument (HRQOL-SB), and the Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth. Medical data were obtained from the medical records and the clinical examination. Results: A multivariate linear regression revealed that the most potent predictors of the HRQOL in children with SB were the community overall environmental supports (β = 0.504; p = 0.0001), a number of health conditions (β = -0.395; p = 0.0001), access to personal transportation (β = 0.236; p = 0.023), and supplies (β = 0.181; p = 0.031), explaining 80.3% of the variance in the SB-HRQOL scores. The most significant predictors of the HRQOL in adolescents were a number of health conditions (β = -0.387; p = 0.0001), cognitive demands of activities at home (β = 0.345; p = 0.0001), supplies (β = 0.267; p = 0.0001), money (β = 0.303; p = 0.0001), physical layout at school (β = 0.188; p = 0.008), and access to public transportation (β = 0.206; p = 0.019), explaining 89.5% of the variance in the SB-HRQOL scores. Conclusions: Both clinical and environmental factors determined the HRQOL of children and adolescents with SB. Environmental supports and resources contributed to HRQOL more than medical problems, especially in adolescents. The number of associated medical problems, reflecting disease severity, was the more potent clinical predictor compared to an individual health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrė Bakanienė
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-4717910 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Audronė Prasauskienė
- Department of Children's Rehabilitation, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-4717910 Kaunas, Lithuania.
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