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Abd-Eltawab Tammam A, Rizg WY, Fakhry Boushra A, Alhelf M, Alissa M, Soliman GF, Nady Ouais G, Hosny KM, Alkhalidi HM, Elebiary AM. Telmisartan versus metformin in downregulating myostatin gene expression and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the skeletal muscles of type 2 diabetic rat model. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228525. [PMID: 37576807 PMCID: PMC10416801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Telmisartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) that specifically blocks angiotensin II type-1 receptors (AT1R). Telmisartan has been proven to have antidiabetic effects via a variety of mechanisms, and it can be utilized in some diabetic patients due to its dual benefit for hypertensive patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and when the other oral antidiabetic medications are intolerable or contraindicated. However, its precise underlying hypoglycemic mechanism is still obscure. Aim of work: We sought to establish a link between telmisartan administration and myostatin expression in skeletal muscles of T2DM rat model as a potential hypoglycemic mechanism of telmisartan. Materials and Methods: 32 male albino rats were included in the study; 8 rats served as controls (group I). T2DM was inducted in the other 24 rats, which were then randomly subdivided into 3 groups (8 in each): (group II) the Diabetic group and (groups III and IV) which were treated with either telmisartan (8 mg/kg/day) or metformin (250 mg/kg/day) respectively via oral gavage for a 4-week period. Results: Telmisartan administration resulted in a significant improvement in OGTT, HOMA-IR, glucose uptake, and muscle mass/body ratios in Telmisartan group as compared to Diabetic group (p < 0.05). Additionally, telmisartan induced a significant boost in adiponectin and IL-10 serum levels with a substantial drop in TNF-α and IL-6 levels in Telmisartan group compared to diabetic rats (p < 0.05). Moreover, telmisartan significantly boosted SOD and GSH, and decreased MDA levels in the skeletal muscles of telmisartan group. Furthermore, a significant downregulation of myostatin and upregulation of insulin receptor, IRS-1, and IRS-3 genes in the skeletal muscles of Telmisartan group were also detected. Histologically, telmisartan attenuated the morphological damage in the skeletal muscle fibers compared to diabetic rats, as evidenced by a considerable decrease in the collagen deposition area percentage and a reduction in NF-kB expression in the muscle tissues of group III. Conclusion: Telmisartan administration dramatically reduced myostatin and NF-kB expressions in skeletal muscles, which improved insulin resistance and glucose uptake in these muscles, highlighting a novel antidiabetic mechanism of telmisartan in treating T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Waleed Y. Rizg
- Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine (CIPM), 3D Bioprinting Unit, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amy Fakhry Boushra
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Maha Alhelf
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, Giza, Egypt
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada F. Soliman
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Medical Pharmacology Department, Armed Forces College of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Nady Ouais
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala M. Alkhalidi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Magdy Elebiary
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Abstract
Two decades of research have established that Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling plays a critical role in reprogramming the fat cell transcriptome towards inflammation in response to overnutrition and metabolic stress. Several groups have suggested that inhibition of NF-κB signaling could have metabolic benefits for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation. However, two significant problems arise with this approach. The first is how to deliver general NF-κB inhibitors into adipocytes without allowing these compounds to disrupt normal functioning in cells of the immune system. The second issue is that general inhibition of canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes will likely lead to a massive increase in adipocyte apoptosis under conditions of metabolic stress, leading full circle into a secondary inflammation (However, this problem may not be true for non-canonical NF-κB signaling.). This review will focus on the research that has examined canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signaling in adipocytes, focusing on genetic studies that examine loss-of-function of NF-κB specifically in fat cells. Although the development of general inhibitors of canonical NF-κB signaling seems unlikely to succeed in alleviating adipose tissue inflammation in humans, the door remains open for more targeted therapeutics. In principle, these would include compounds that interrogate NF-κB DNA binding, protein-protein interactions, or post-translational modifications that partition NF-κB activity towards some genes and away from others in adipocytes. I also discuss the possibility for inhibitors of non-canonical NF-κB signaling to realize success in mitigating fat cell dysfunction in obesity. To plant the seeds for such approaches, much biochemical “digging” in adipocytes remains; this includes identifying—in an unbiased manner–NF-κB direct and indirect targets, genomic DNA binding sites for all five NF-κB subunits, NF-κB protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications of NF-κB in fat cells.
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Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Rezaei S, Atkin SL, Montecucco F, Sahebkar A. Decoys as potential therapeutic tools for diabetes. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1669-1679. [PMID: 33862194 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Current therapeutic approaches for diabetes are focused on improving glycemic control to prevent diabetes-related complications, but such approached are not completely successful. Decoy technologies such as decoy oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and decoy peptides have emerged as therapeutic tools in diabetes. Decoy ODNs carry a DNA recognition motif for the binding of transcription factors in order to trap them and block their effects, whereas decoy peptides mimic the binding structure of the receptor protein, bind to the docking site of the target ligand, and prevent the interaction of the ligand and receptor. This review summarizes the technologies that have been developed to date and the studies that have investigated the therapeutic effects of decoy ODNs and peptides in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Samaneh Rezaei
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132 Genoa, Italy; First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhou H, Yin X, Bai F, Liu W, Jiang S, Zhao J. The Role and Mechanism of S1PR5 in Colon Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4759-4775. [PMID: 32606966 PMCID: PMC7311188 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s239118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the role and mechanism of S1PR5 in colon cancer. Materials and Methods Lentiviral infection and drug screening helped to establish colon cancer cell lines with stable overexpression and knockdown of S1PR5. Effects of S1PR5 expression on cell growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed using a subcutaneous xenograft model in nude mice. Western blot (WB) was used to detect the effects of S1PR5 expression on p-AKT, STAT3, NF-κB, and p-JNK. The distribution of p65 was evaluated in nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions using WB. CCK-8, Transwell migration, and Transwell invasion assays analyzed cell growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that S1PR5 expression was associated with altered expression levels of NF-κB downstream target genes, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1). Results qRT-PCR and WB analysis showed that the S1PR5 level in colon cancer cell lines-SW480, SW620, HCT116, and LoVo-was significantly higher than in NCM460, a healthy colonic epithelial cell line. SW620 and SW480, with high and low expression of S1PR5, respectively, were selected as model cell lines. S1PR5 knockdown in SW620 caused the growth rate, proliferation, migration, invasion, and subcutaneous tumor formation rate to decrease in mice, whereas S1PR5 overexpression in SW480 caused all of these parameters to increase. WB analysis showed an increase in phospho-p65 and its nuclear translocation. S1PR5 knockdown caused a decrease in phospho-p65 levels and its nuclear import, thereby inhibiting its activity. In S1PR5 knockdown and overexpressing cells, p65 was overexpressed and knocked down, respectively. qRT-PCR and WB showed that S1PR5 over-expression up-regulates IDO1, and S1PR5 knockdown inhibits IDO1. CCK-8 and Transwell assays showed that p65 and IDO1 overexpression antagonizes the antitumor effect of S1PR5 knockdown, and that p65 and IDO1 knockdown antagonizes the tumorigenic effect of S1PR5 overexpression. Conclusion S1PR5 overexpression promotes the growth, migration, and invasion of cancer by activating the NF-κB/IDO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission of China, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianli Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Bai
- Department of Gastroduodeno Pancreatic Surgery, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaofeng Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Urology, Hunan Cancer Hospital & the Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiological Technology of National Health Commission of China, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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Jing H, Gao X, Xu L, Lin H, Zhang Z. H 2S promotes a glycometabolism disorder by disturbing the Th1/Th2 balance during LPS-induced inflammation in the skeletal muscles of chickens. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 222:124-131. [PMID: 30703651 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a common environmental pollutant. In humans, H2S enters the body and is transported to different tissues and organs, inducing various types of damage such as chronic inflammatory reactions. Glucose metabolism disorders have been shown to be closely associated with chronic inflammation. The goal of the present study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of H2S on glycometabolism disorders and chronic inflammatory responses. A chronic inflammation model in the skeletal muscles of chickens was induced using lipopolysaccharide (LPS), after which the animals were exposed to exogenous H2S. Subsequently, the glucose metabolism and the pathways associated with chronic inflammation were analyzed. The pathological analysis showed that significant inflammatory injury to skeletal muscles occurred after animals exposed to H2S. The Th1/Th2 ratio imbalance was exacerbated after exposure to H2S with IFNγ downregulated and IL-1, IL-4, and IL-6 upregulated. In addition, the level of IκBα was suppressed and induced the expression of NF-κB, significantly activating the inflammatory pathway, while the expression of heat shock proteins was elevated. In addition, glucose metabolism factors were analyzed. IRS1 phosphorylation was inhibited in animals exposed to H2S, and the expression of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway-related factors was upregulated to promote insulin resistance, causing glucose metabolism disorders. The results of this study revealed that H2S can trigger changes in the ratio of Th1/Th2 to produce more proinflammatory cytokines that disturb the insulin signaling pathway, causing glycometabolism disorders during the inflammatory response in the skeletal muscles of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xuejiao Gao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Green Transformation of Bio-resources, College of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, PR China
| | - Liqiang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Hongjin Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, PR China.
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, PR China.
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Sáez T, Toledo F, Sobrevia L. Impaired signalling pathways mediated by extracellular vesicles in diabesity. Mol Aspects Med 2019; 66:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Yuan FY, Zhang M, Xu P, Xu D, Chen P, Ren M, Sun Q, Chen JY, Du J, Tang XL. Tanshinone IIA improves diabetes mellitus via the NF-κB-induced AMPK signal pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4225-4231. [PMID: 30344697 PMCID: PMC6176167 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease. Tanshinone IIA (Tan-IIA) presents potential benefits for DM. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of Tan-IIA in type 2 DM rats and explore its potential mechanism in renal cells. A type 2 DM rat model was established and administered with Tan-IIA or PBS. It was demonstrated that Tan-IIA treatment significantly reduced levels of total cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, total triglyceride and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in experimental DM rats compared with the control group. The results indicated that Tan-IIA treatment significantly decreased levels of interleukin (IL)-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein and IL-6. It was identified that Tan-IIA treatment significantly decreased nuclear factor-κB levels and significantly elevated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase levels. Western blot analysis indicated that Tan-IIA elevated immunocyte precipitation in renal cells. Furthermore, Tan-IIA treatment improved lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and body weight of type 2 DM rats. In conclusion, Tan-IIA administration may inhibit inflammatory cytokines and alleviate type 2 DM symptoms in experimental rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yi Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China
| | - Ping Chen
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Min Ren
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Qin Sun
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Yan Chen
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Juan Du
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Xia-Lian Tang
- Geriatric Department of Endocrinology, Sichuan Province People's Hospital and Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Zhang Y, Dong H, Wang M, Zhang J. Quercetin Isolated from Toona sinensis Leaves Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Protects Hepatocytes in High-Carbohydrate/High-Fat Diet and Alloxan Induced Experimental Diabetic Mice. J Diabetes Res 2016; 2016:8492780. [PMID: 27975068 PMCID: PMC5126429 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8492780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of diabetes mellitus is related to oxidant stress induced by a high carbohydrate/high-fat diet (HFD). Quercetin, as a major bioactive component in Toona sinensis leaves (QTL), is a natural antioxidant. However, the exact mechanism by which QTL ameliorate diabetes mellitus is still unknown. In this study, we investigated the hypoglycemic effects and hepatocytes protection of QTL on HFD and alloxan induced diabetic mice. Intragastric administration of QTL significantly reduced body weight gain, serum glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase serum levels compared to those of diabetic mice. Furthermore, it significantly attenuated oxidative stress, as determined by lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide content, and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity and as a result attenuated liver injury. QTL also significantly suppressed the diabetes-induced activation of the p65/NF-κB and ERK1/2/MAPK pathways, as well as caspase-9 and caspase-3 levels in liver tissues of diabetic mice. Finally, micrograph analysis of liver samples showed decreased cellular organelle injury in hepatocytes of QTL treated mice. Taken together, QTL can be viewed as a promising dietary agent that can be used to reduce the risk of diabetes mellitus and its secondary complications by ameliorating oxidative stress in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Huanhuan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Mimi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jingfang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
- *Jingfang Zhang:
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