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de Oliveira Assis FS, Vasconcellos GL, Lopes DJP, de Macedo LR, Silva M. Effect of Green Tea Supplementation on Inflammatory Markers among Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2024; 29:106-117. [PMID: 38974590 PMCID: PMC11223924 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2024.29.2.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have investigated the potential benefits of green tea on the inflammatory process in metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the results are inconclusive and inconsistent. In the present study, we performed a literature review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of green tea supplementation on inflammatory markers [e.g., tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)] among patients with MetS and related disorders. We systematically searched for relevant publications up to March 2022 in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022320345). Mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were pooled on the basis of the random effects model to compare the effects of green tea with placebo. We used meta-regression and subgroup analyses to determine the cause of heterogeneity and performed study quality assessment using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation method. We assessed publication bias using funnel plots and Egger's tests. Out of the total 15 RCTs that were included in this systematic review, 12 were chosen for the meta-analysis. The results revealed that green tea significantly decreased TNF-α levels but did not affect CRP and IL-6 levels. Subgroup analysis showed that green tea supplementation in studies lasting ≤8 weeks significantly increased CRP levels. Furthermore, meta-regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between increasing IL-6 concentration and treatment duration. According to our meta-analysis, green tea was shown to considerably lower circulating TNF-α levels. To confirm these findings, carefully planned trials are required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Lima Vasconcellos
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares 35020-360, Brazil
| | - Diego José Pereira Lopes
- Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Governador Valadares, Governador Valadares 35020-360, Brazil
| | | | - Maísa Silva
- Department of Basic Life Sciences, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares 35020-360, Brazil
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Zhang Y, Bian Z, Lu H, Wang L, Xu J, Wang C. Association between tea consumption and glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in the Shanghai High-risk Diabetic Screen (SHiDS) study. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2023; 11:11/2/e003266. [PMID: 36931660 PMCID: PMC10030497 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between tea consumption and glucose metabolism remains controversial. This study investigated the associations of tea consumption with impaired glucose regulation, insulin secretion and sensitivity in Shanghai High-risk Diabetic Screen project. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 2337 Chinese subjects were enrolled in the study from 2014 to 2019. Each participant conducted a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with five-point glucose and insulin level examined. They also completed a nurse-administered standard questionnaire including tea, coffee, and alcohol consumption, smoking habit, physical activity, education, sleep quality, etc. RESULTS: The result showed that tea consumption was positively associated with plasma glucose levels during OGTT after adjusting for confounder (Ps <0.05) and was associated with worsening glucose tolerance (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.01-1.44; p=0.034). Strong tea consumption or long-term tea intake (>10 years) had an increased risk of glucose intolerance (all p<0.05). These associations did not vary in participants drinking green tea. In addition, insulin secretion indexes were decreased 7.0%-13.0% in tea consumption group. Logistic regression analysis showed that tea consumption was independently associated with lower insulin secretion (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68-0.97; p=0.021); Stumvoll first-phase index (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68-0.97; p=0.020)) in a fully adjusted model. Green tea consumption showed a negative association with insulin secretion (HOMA-β (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.62-0.96; p=0.019)). CONCLUSIONS Tea intake is associated with an increased risk of glucose intolerance in a large high-risk diabetic Chinese population. Habitual tea consumption subjects might have lower pancreatic β-cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zhang
- The Metabolic Disease Biobank, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhouliang Bian
- Department of Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijuan Lu
- The Metabolic Disease Biobank, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfang Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Congrong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, school of medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Surma S, Sahebkar A, Banach M. Coffee or tea: Anti-inflammatory properties in the context of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease prevention. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106596. [PMID: 36473629 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the leading cause of premature death worldwide. Inflammation and its biomarkers, like C-reactive protein (CRP), among the risk factors, such as hypertension, lipid disorders, and diabetes, may be also responsible for the residual cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Modern lipid-lowering treatment with statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, or bempedoic acid does not fully protect against inflammation. The recommendations of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) indicate selected nutraceuticals with anti-inflammatory properties. Diet may have a significant impact on inflammation. Especially interesting in the context of inflammation is the consumption of coffee and tea. These drinks in many observational studies significantly reduced cardiovascular risk and mortality. The question is whether the anti-inflammatory effects of these drinks contribute significantly to the observed clinical effects. Thus, in this narrative review, we primarily discuss the anti-inflammatory properties of consuming tea and coffee. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the studies and their meta-analyses, inconsistent results were obtained, which makes it impossible to conclusively state how clinically significant the potential anti-inflammatory properties of black and green tea and coffee are. A number of confounding factors can cause the inconsistency of the available results. Consumption of tea and coffee appears to increase adiponectin concentrations, decrease reactive oxygen species, decrease low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations (effect of green tea, etc.). Despite the still uncertain anti-inflammatory effect of tea and coffee, we recommend their consumption as a part of the healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Surma
- Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran; Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Preventive Cardiology and Lipidology, Medical University of Lodz (MUL), 93-338 Lodz, Poland; Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland; Department of Cardiology and Congenital Diseases of Adults, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
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Wan C, Ouyang J, Li M, Rengasamy KRR, Liu Z. Effects of green tea polyphenol extract and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate on diabetes mellitus and diabetic complications: Recent advances. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:5719-5747. [PMID: 36533409 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2157372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the major non-communicable diseases accounting for millions of death annually and increasing economic burden. Hyperglycemic condition in diabetes creates oxidative stress that plays a pivotal role in developing diabetes complications affecting multiple organs such as the heart, liver, kidney, retina, and brain. Green tea from the plant Camellia sinensis is a common beverage popular in many countries for its health benefits. Green tea extract (GTE) is rich in many biologically active compounds, e.g., epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), which acts as a potent antioxidant. Recently, several lines of evidence have shown the promising results of GTE and EGCG for diabetes management. Here, we have critically reviewed the effects of GTE and EGCC on diabetes in animal models and clinical studies. The concerns and challenges regarding the clinical use of GTE and EGCG against diabetes are also briefly discussed. Numerous beneficial effects of green tea and its catechins, particularly EGCG, make this natural product an attractive pharmacological agent that can be further developed to treat diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpeng Wan
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Research Center of Tea and Tea Culture, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, India
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, National Research Center of Engineering Technology for Utilization of Functional Ingredients from Botanicals, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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A 60-Day Green Tea Extract Supplementation Counteracts the Dysfunction of Adipose Tissue in Overweight Post-Menopausal and Class I Obese Women. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245209. [PMID: 36558368 PMCID: PMC9785698 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Menopause is characterized by weight gain and increased visceral fat, which acts as an endocrine organ secreting proinflammatory adipocytokines, with consequent increased risk of metabolic disorders. The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial was to evaluate the effects of a 60-day dietary supplementation using Camellia sinensis leaf extract on adipose tissue dysfunction in overweight or class I obese post-menopausal, sedentary women. Primary endpoints were the respiratory quotient (RQ), the percentage of carbohydrates (%CHO), the percentage of fat oxidation (%FAT), and the resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry. Secondary endpoints included body composition, by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), glucose profile, lipid profile, inflammatory state, liver and kidney function, hormonal status regarding satiety, and status of catecholamines. Twenty-eight women were randomized into two groups: 14 (BMI 31.1 ± 3.5) were supplemented and 14 (BMI 31.9 ± 2.2) received placebo. In regards to the between-group differences over time (β), a statistically significant difference between the supplemented and placebo group was observed for: RQ (β = -0.04, p = 0.009), % fat oxidation (β = 11.04, p = 0.0006), insulin (β = -1.74, p = 0.009), HOMA (β = -0.31, p = 0.02), waist circumference (β = -1.07, p = 0.007), REE (β = 83.21, p = 0.009), and CRP (β = -0.14, p = 0.02). These results demonstrate that a 60-day green tea extract supplementation counteracts the dysfunction of adipose tissue in overweight post-menopausal and class I obese women.
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Yanagimoto A, Matsui Y, Yamaguchi T, Hibi M, Kobayashi S, Osaki N. Effects of Ingesting Both Catechins and Chlorogenic Acids on Glucose, Incretin, and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Men: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Trial. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235063. [PMID: 36501092 PMCID: PMC9737369 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have revealed that consuming green tea or coffee reduces diabetes risk. We evaluated the effects of the combined consumption of green tea catechins and coffee chlorogenic acids (GTC+CCA) on postprandial glucose, the insulin incretin response, and insulin sensitivity. Eleven healthy men were recruited for this randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial. The participants consumed a GTC+CCA-enriched beverage (620 mg GTC, 373 mg CCA, and 119 mg caffeine/day) for three weeks; the placebo beverages (PLA) contained no GTC or CCA (PLA: 0 mg GTC, 0 mg CCA, and 119 mg caffeine/day). Postprandial glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) responses were measured at baseline and after treatments. GTC+CCA consumption for three weeks showed a significant treatment-by-time interaction on glucose changes after the ingestion of high-fat and high-carbohydrate meals, however, it did not affect fasting glucose levels. Insulin sensitivity was enhanced by GCT+CCA compared with PLA. GTC+CCA consumption resulted in a significant increase in postprandial GLP-1 and a decrease in GIP compared to PLA. Consuming a combination of GTC and CCA for three weeks significantly improved postprandial glycemic control, GLP-1 response, and postprandial insulin sensitivity in healthy individuals and may be effective in preventing diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Yanagimoto
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5630-7476
| | - Yuji Matsui
- Health & Wellness Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Tohru Yamaguchi
- Health & Wellness Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Masanobu Hibi
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Rinkai Hospital, 1-4-2 Rinkai-cho, Edogawa, Tokyo 134-0086, Japan
| | - Noriko Osaki
- Health & Wellness Products Research Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2-1-3 Bunka, Sumida, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
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7
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Lim CO, Park HJ, Koo BM, Kim BT, Kim JG, Choi GW. Analysis of correlation between the consumption of beverages and the risk of radiographic knee osteoarthritis in Korean people: A cross-sectional study using the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1, 2). Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30105. [PMID: 36123942 PMCID: PMC9478304 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The purposes were to analyze correlations between the frequency of beverage drinking (coffee, green tea, milk, and soft drinks) and the presence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) in relation to sex. We performed this study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KHANES V-1, 2). We examined data from 5503 subjects after exclusion. We utilized the food frequency questionnaires from KHANES, and reorganized them into 2 or 3 groups according to the frequency of beverage consumption. We analyzed the relationship between radiographic knee OA and beverage consumption statistically after adjusting confounding factors with multivariable logistic regression analysis. Knee OA was inversely associated with coffee consumption only in women (P < .05). The odds ratio of knee OA was lower in those who drank at least a cup of coffee than in those who did not drink coffee in women (P for trend < .05). However, there was no significant linear trend of the odds ratio of each group in both sexes for drinking other beverages. As the coffee consumption increased, the radiographic knee OA group showed decreasing linear trend only in women. However, other beverages did not show a significant relation to the radiographic knee OA in both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Ouk Lim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Hyung Jun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Bong Mo Koo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Bo Taek Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
| | - Jae Gyoon Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, Gyeoung-gi-do, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Gyoon Kim, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-Gu, Ansan-si, Gyeongki-do 425-707, South Korea (e-mail: )
| | - Gi Won Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan Hospital
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8
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Green tea polyphenols in cardiometabolic health: A critical appraisal on phytogenomics towards personalized green tea. PHARMANUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phanu.2022.100296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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9
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Effect of Green Tea Powder on Physicochemical Properties and Glycemic Potential of Sponge Cake. J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1065710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Green tea powder (GTP) is rich in polyphenolic compounds, most particularly catechins. The effects of partial replacement of flour with GTP (10, 20, and 30%) on physicochemical properties, glycemic potential, and sensory attributes were investigated. Results showed a significant reduction in the moisture content, volume, and porosity of sample cakes with the increase in the GTP levels (
). The utilization of GTP led to a harder texture and also darker color of sponge cake. The study showed that sponge cakes with good sensory attributes can be produced by the replacement of flour with 10% of GTP. Moreover, the glycemic potential and free radical scavenging activity of sample cakes improved as the GTP replacement increased (
). GTP at 10% replacement level is recommended as it is very effective in improving the antioxidant properties, sensory attributes, and also glycemic potential.
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10
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Papuc C, Goran GV, Predescu CN, Tudoreanu L, Ștefan G. Plant polyphenols mechanisms of action on insulin resistance and against the loss of pancreatic beta cells. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 62:325-352. [PMID: 32901517 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1815644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus describes a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a prolonged period hyperglycemia with long-lasting detrimental effects on the cardiovascular and nervous systems, kidney, vision, and immunity. Many plant polyphenols are shown to have beneficial activity for the prevention and treatment of diabetes, by different mechanisms. This review article is focused on synthesizing the mechanisms by which polyphenols decrease insulin resistance and inhibit loss of pancreatic islet β-cell mass and function. To achieve the objectives, this review summarizes the results of the researches realized in recent years in clinical trials and in various experimental models, on the effects of foods rich in polyphenols, polyphenolic extracts, and commercially polyphenols on insulin resistance and β-cells death. Dietary polyphenols are able to reduce insulin resistance alleviating the IRS-1/PI3-k/Akt signaling pathway, and to reduce the loss of pancreatic islet β-cell mass and function by several molecular mechanisms, such as protection of the surviving machinery of cells against the oxidative insult; increasing insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells through activation of the FFAR1; cytoprotective effect on β-cells by activation of autophagy; protection of β-cells to act as activators for anti-apoptotic pathways and inhibitors for apoptotic pathway; stimulating of insulin release, presumably by transient ATP-sensitive K+ channel inhibition and whole-cell Ca2+ stimulation; involvement in insulin release that act on ionic currents and membrane potential as inhibitor of delayed-rectifier K+ current (IK(DR)) and activator of current. dietary polyphenols could be used as potential anti-diabetic agents to prevent and alleviate diabetes and its complications, but further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camelia Papuc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UASVM of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gheorghe V Goran
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UASVM of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Corina N Predescu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UASVM of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Tudoreanu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UASVM of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Georgeta Ștefan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UASVM of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Roberts JD, Willmott AGB, Beasley L, Boal M, Davies R, Martin L, Chichger H, Gautam L, Del Coso J. The Impact of Decaffeinated Green Tea Extract on Fat Oxidation, Body Composition and Cardio-Metabolic Health in Overweight, Recreationally Active Individuals. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030764. [PMID: 33652910 PMCID: PMC7996723 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of decaffeinated green tea extract (dGTE), with or without antioxidant nutrients, on fat oxidation, body composition and cardio-metabolic health measures in overweight individuals engaged in regular exercise. Twenty-seven participants (20 females, 7 males; body mass: 77.5 ± 10.5 kg; body mass index: 27.4 ± 3.0 kg·m2; peak oxygen uptake (V.O2peak): 30.2 ± 5.8 mL·kg−1·min−1) were randomly assigned, in a double-blinded manner, either: dGTE (400 mg·d−1 (−)-epigallocatechin−3-gallate (EGCG), n = 9); a novel dGTE+ (400 mg·d−1 EGCG, quercetin (50 mg·d−1) and α-lipoic acid (LA, 150 mg·d−1), n = 9); or placebo (PL, n = 9) for 8 weeks, whilst maintaining standardised, aerobic exercise. Fat oxidation (‘FATMAX’ and steady state exercise protocols), body composition, cardio-metabolic and blood measures (serum glucose, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, glycerol, free fatty acids, total cholesterol, high [HDL-c] and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-c], triglycerides, liver enzymes and bilirubin) were assessed at baseline, week 4 and 8. Following 8 weeks of dGTE+, maximal fat oxidation (MFO) significantly improved from 154.4 ± 20.6 to 224.6 ± 23.2 mg·min−1 (p = 0.009), along with a 22.5% increase in the exercise intensity at which fat oxidation was deemed negligible (FATMIN; 67.6 ± 3.6% V.O2peak, p = 0.003). Steady state exercise substrate utilisation also improved for dGTE+ only, with respiratory exchange ratio reducing from 0.94 ± 0.01 at week 4, to 0.89 ± 0.01 at week 8 (p = 0.004). This corresponded with a significant increase in the contribution of fat to energy expenditure for dGTE+ from 21.0 ± 4.1% at week 4, to 34.6 ± 4.7% at week 8 (p = 0.006). LDL-c was also lower (normalised fold change of −0.09 ± 0.06) for dGTE+ by week 8 (p = 0.038). No other significant effects were found in any group. Eight weeks of dGTE+ improved MFO and substrate utilisation during exercise, and lowered LDL-c. However, body composition and cardio-metabolic markers in healthy, overweight individuals who maintained regular physical activity were largely unaffected by dGTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D. Roberts
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (A.G.B.W.); (M.B.); (R.D.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-845-196-5154
| | - Ashley G. B. Willmott
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (A.G.B.W.); (M.B.); (R.D.); (L.M.)
| | - Liam Beasley
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK;
| | - Mariette Boal
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (A.G.B.W.); (M.B.); (R.D.); (L.M.)
| | - Rory Davies
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (A.G.B.W.); (M.B.); (R.D.); (L.M.)
| | - Laurence Martin
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (A.G.B.W.); (M.B.); (R.D.); (L.M.)
| | - Havovi Chichger
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (H.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Lata Gautam
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; (H.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Juan Del Coso
- Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28943, Fuenlabrada, Spain;
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12
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Mahdavi A, Bagherniya M, Mirenayat MS, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals Regulating Insulin Resistance and Glucose Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Clinical Review. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:161-183. [PMID: 33861444 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is a major health problem affecting more than four hundred million adults worldwide. The transition from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes (T2D) is preceded by increased Insulin resistance (IR), an independent predictor of the development of T2D in high risk (e.g. obese populations, pre-diabetes) individuals. Insulin deficiency resulting from increased IR results in progressive glucose homeostasis dysfunction. Data has shown that IR is affected by many different factors such as genetics, age, exercise, dietary nutrients, obesity, and body fat distribution. One of the most important factors is diet, which plays an essential role in addressing T2D and metabolic syndrome. Nutraceuticals and medicinal plants have been shown to have efficacy in preventing chronic diseases like cancer, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome, likely through the anti-inflammatory properties found in nutraceuticals. However, the effect of these compounds, including traditional plant medicines, herbal formulations or their extracts on IR have not been systematically investigated. The objective of this review was to assess the reported effects of medicinal plants and bioactive natural compounds on IR. The findings confirm that most of the herbal bioactive compounds including resveratrol, garlic, curcumin, cinnamon, ginger, nuts, berberine, anthocyanin, soybean, flaxseed, vegetable oils, and soluble fibers have benefit in their efficacy for decreasing IR, fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin and HbA1c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena Mahdavi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Mirenayat
- Students' Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz, Poland.
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13
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Yang HH, Zhou H, Zhu WZ, Chen CL, Chen GC, Yu LG, Qin LQ. Green Tea Consumption May Be Associated with Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetics: A Cross-Sectional Study in Southeast China. J Med Food 2020; 23:1120-1127. [PMID: 32833552 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2020.4688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary factors play a crucial role in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Therefore, we aimed to examine the associations between habitual green tea consumption and risk factors of CVD among T2DM patients. A total of 1013 patients with T2DM were included in a community-based cross-sectional study. Data on dietary habits, including tea consumption, were collected using a food frequency questionnaire. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations. In men, as compared with nongreen tea drinkers, odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were 2.06 (95% CI, 1.20-3.55) for those with green tea consumption of once per day and 2.45 (95% CI, 1.31-4.58) for more than or equal to twice per day (P-trend = .004); ORs (95% CI) of general obesity were 2.19 (95% CI, 1.02-4.68) and 2.70 (95% CI, 1.18-6.21), respectively (P-trend = .021); whereas no such association was found in women. Sensitivity analysis according to self-awareness of their T2DM status revealed that the positive association between green tea consumption and general obesity was not reliable. Higher intake of green tea was still positively associated with NAFLD, but it only persisted in participants aged ≥52 years or the lower dietary quality subgroup in further analyses. Our findings suggest that tea consumption was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD among male T2DM patients aged 52 years or older, and those with lower dietary quality, which needs to be confirmed in future prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Huan Yang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Wan-Zhan Zhu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Cai-Long Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Lu-Gang Yu
- Suzhou Industrial Park Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiang Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Xu R, Bai Y, Yang K, Chen G. Effects of green tea consumption on glycemic control: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2020; 17:56. [PMID: 32670385 PMCID: PMC7350188 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-020-00469-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The results of human clinical trials investigating the effects of green tea on glycemic control are inconsistent. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs that examined the effects of green tea supplementation on glycemic control. A literature search in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for RCTs that investigated the effect of green tea consumption on glycemic control was performed up to February 2020. A random-effects model was used to estimate weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Twenty-seven trials involving 2194 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that green tea significantly lowered fasting blood glucose by − 1.44 mg/dL (95%CI:-2.26, − 0.62 mg/dL; P < 0.001) with no obvious heterogeneity (I2 = 7.7%). However, green tea consumption did not significantly affect fasting insulin and HbA1c values. The mean differences were − 0.46μIU/mL (95% CI: − 1.10, 0.17μIU/mL; P = 0.21) for fasting insulin and − 0.06%; (95% CI: − 0.12, 0.01%; P = 0.07) for HbA1c concentrations. Heterogeneity was significant in fasting insulin (I2 = 46.8%) and mild in HbA1c (I2 = 1.7%). Conclusions In short-term trials, green tea supplementation significantly reduced fasting glucose, but had no significant effect on fasting insulin and HbA1c. Long-term trials assessing the effects of green tea supplementation on glycemic control are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfan Xu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Yang Bai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Ke Yang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
| | - Guangzhi Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030 P.R. China
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15
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Rahman SU, Huang Y, Zhu L, Chu X, Junejo SA, Zhang Y, Khan IM, Li Y, Feng S, Wu J, Wang X. Tea polyphenols attenuate liver inflammation by modulating obesity-related genes and down-regulating COX-2 and iNOS expression in high fat-fed dogs. BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:234. [PMID: 32641048 PMCID: PMC7346471 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02448-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tea polyphenols (TPs) attenuate obesity related liver inflammation; however, the anti-obesity effects and anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not clearly understood. This study aimed to determine whether the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory TPs mechanisms associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression levels, and obesity-related gene response in dogs. Results Dogs fed TPs displayed significantly decreased (p < 0.01) mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) compared to dogs that consumed high-fat diet (HFD) alone. TPs significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited COX-2 and iNOS expression level, and decreased liver fat content and degeneration. Conclusion These results suggested that TPs act as a therapeutic agent for obesity, liver inflammation, and fat degeneration via COX-2 and iNOS inhibition, with TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Ur Rahman
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yingying Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shahid Ahmed Junejo
- School of Tea and Food Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yu Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 West Changjiang Road, Hefei, 230036, China.
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16
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Mohammadpour F, Darmani-Kuhi H, Mohit A, Sohani MM. Obesity, insulin resistance, adiponectin, and PPAR-γ gene expression in broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with fat and green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 72:106440. [PMID: 32247991 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2020.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ secreting several adipokines, especially adiponectin, that play an important role in regulating insulin function in the body of mammals. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the association between abdominal fat deposit, insulin resistance, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ), and adiponectin gene (AG) expression in broiler chicks fed diets high in unsaturated fat supplemented with green tea extract (GTE). A total of 300 one-day-old female Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated to 6 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of two levels of GTE (0 and 500 mg/kg diet) × three levels of fat inclusion [without fat (control group), soybean oil (SO), and tallow (Ta)]. Each treatment was replicated five times. At the end of the experiment (day 49), two chicks from each replicate weighing an average of pen weight were bled and then slaughtered for further analysis. Abdominal fat percentage, fasting concentration of blood glucose, triglyceride and insulin, glycogen reserves of breast and liver tissues, and PPAR-γ and AG expression were determined. The insulin resistance index of the Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was calculated using the fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. The highest abdominal fat percentage and the lowest carcass yield were obtained in chicks fed SO-supplemented diet (P < 0.05). Chicks fed diet supplemented with SO showed the highest PPAR-γ gene expression (P < 0.05). SO-rich diets suppressed AG expression in chickens' abdominal fat tissue, and the birds fed with SO-supplemented diet showed a significant decrease in AG expression compared with the control (P < 0.05). Chicks fed diet supplemented with SO showed lower QUICKI and breast glycogen reserve compared with the control group (P < 0.05). A significant increase in blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations was observed in birds fed SO-supplemented diets (P < 0.05). AG and PPAR-γ expression increased and decreased by GTE, respectively. QUICKI tended (P = 0.09) to be greater in GTE-supplemented chicks; however, the effect of GTE supplementation on carcass yield, abdominal fat percentage, and blood insulin and glucose concentration was not significant. The findings of this study showed that SO-rich diets via increased PPAR-γ gene expression and decreased AG expression in abdominal fat may lead to insulin resistance in female broiler chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mohammadpour
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - H Darmani-Kuhi
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - A Mohit
- Faculty of Agriculture Science, Department of Animal Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
| | - M M Sohani
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Biotechnology, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
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17
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Márquez Campos E, Jakobs L, Simon MC. Antidiabetic Effects of Flavan-3-ols and Their Microbial Metabolites. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061592. [PMID: 32485837 PMCID: PMC7352288 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is one of the pillars in the prevention and management of diabetes mellitus. Particularly, eating patterns characterized by a high consumption of foods such as fruits or vegetables and beverages such as coffee and tea could influence the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Flavonoids, whose intake has been inversely associated with numerous negative health outcomes in the last few years, are a common constituent of these food items. Therefore, they could contribute to the observed positive effects of certain dietary habits in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Of all the different flavonoid subclasses, flavan-3-ols are consumed the most in the European region. However, a large proportion of the ingested flavan-3-ols is not absorbed. Therefore, the flavan-3-ols enter the large intestine where they become available to the colonic bacteria and are metabolized by the microbiota. For this reason, in addition to the parent compounds, the colonic metabolites of flavan-3-ols could take part in the prevention and management of diabetes. The aim of this review is to present the available literature on the effect of both the parent flavan-3-ol compounds found in different food sources as well as the specific microbial metabolites of diabetes in order to better understand their potential role in the prevention and treatment of the disease.
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18
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Giacco R, Costabile G, Fatati G, Frittitta L, Maiorino MI, Marelli G, Parillo M, Pistis D, Tubili C, Vetrani C, Vitale M. Effects of polyphenols on cardio-metabolic risk factors and risk of type 2 diabetes. A joint position statement of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), the Italian Association of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI) and the Italian Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD). Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:355-367. [PMID: 31918979 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM A large body of evidence supports a role of polyphenols in the prevention of chronic diseases, i.e. type 2 diabetes (DMT2), cardiovascular diseases and some types of cancer. In the present manuscript, the effect of polyphenol/phenolic compounds on the main cardio-metabolic risk factors (body weight, blood pressure, blood glucose concentrations, plasma lipids, inflammation and oxidative stress) in humans will be discussed. DATA SYNTHESIS Epidemiological evidence supports the beneficial effects of polyphenol-rich diets in the prevention of T2D risk. However, the available evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials did not allow the identification of specific phenolic compounds or polyphenol-rich foods that effectively improve cardio-metabolic risk factors. The most promising results in terms of the management of cardio-metabolic risk factors derive from RCTs based on a long-term intake of polyphenol-rich foods and beverages. Therefore, future studies should focus on a diet containing different classes of polyphenols rather than a specific food or phenolic compound. The hypothesis is that a polyphenol-rich diet may have a pleiotropic effect on cardiometabolic risk factors thanks to the specific action of different polyphenol subclasses. CONCLUSION The lack of conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of polyphenols in the management of cardio-metabolic risk factors does not allow recommendation of their use as supplements to reduce T2D and CVD risk. However, the daily consumption of naturally polyphenol-rich foods and beverages might be advised according to the current nutritional dietary recommendation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Giacco
- Institute of Food Science of National Research Council, Avellino, Italy; Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Costabile
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy; Dep. of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Fatati
- Unit of Diabetology, Dietology and Clinical Nutrition, S. Maria Hospital, Terni, Italy; Italian Association of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI), Italy
| | - Lucia Frittitta
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy; Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria I Maiorino
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy; Diabetes Unit, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marelli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, Vimercate Hospital, Vimercate, Italy; Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Parillo
- Italian Association of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI), Italy; Department of Internal Medicine, St. Anna and St. Sebastian Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - Danila Pistis
- Association of Medical Diabetologists (AMD), Rome, Italy; ATS Sardegna U.O. Diabetologia Poliambulatorio Quartu S.E. Cagliari, Italy
| | - Claudio Tubili
- Italian Association of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition (ADI), Italy; Diabetes Unit, "S.Camillo-Forlanini" Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Vetrani
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy; Dep. of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Vitale
- Italian Society of Diabetology (SID), Roma, Italy; Dep. of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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19
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Bagheri R, Rashidlamir A, Ashtary-Larky D, Wong A, Grubbs B, Motevalli MS, Baker JS, Laher I, Zouhal H. Effects of green tea extract supplementation and endurance training on irisin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and adiponectin concentrations in overweight middle-aged men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:915-923. [PMID: 32095935 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04332-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Green tea extract (GTE) supplementation has been proposed to possess anti-inflammatory properties. This study assessed the effects of GTE on endurance training (ET) induced changes on irisin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin and anthropometric indices in overweight middle-aged males. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 15): endurance training + placebo (ET + P), endurance training + green tea extract supplementation (ET + GTE), and no endurance training + placebo (P). The ET intervention consisted of an 8-week training program that included circuit training, fast walking or jogging performed three times/week at a moderate intensity (40-59% of the heart rate reserve). Participants received 500 mg/day GTE using a green tea capsule. Serum concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), irisin, adiponectin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured prior to and after the 8-week training intervention. RESULTS Both exercise interventions decreased IL-6 and hs-CRP (p < 0.05), and increased adiponectin (p < 0.01) levels; changes in these variables were greater in the ET + GTE group compared to the ET + P and P groups (p < 0.01). Irisin concentrations increased only in the ET + GTE group and were different from the ET + P and P groups (p < 0.01). There were no changes in TNF-α concentrations in any of the groups. Both exercise interventions (ET + GTE and ET + P) decreased bodyweight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and visceral fat area (VFA) (p < 0.05), with greater changes in these variables occurring in the ET + GTE group compared to ET + P and P groups (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The combination of GTE supplementation and ET produces beneficial anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects, which were greater than those produced by ET alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Rashidlamir
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Brandon Grubbs
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
| | - Mohamad S Motevalli
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Julien S Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong,, Hong Kong
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hassane Zouhal
- Univ Rennes, M2S (Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé) - EA 1274, 35000, Rennes, France.
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20
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Guo L, Gao L, Ma X, Guo F, Ruan H, Bao Y, Xia T, Wang Y. Functional analysis of flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylases from tea plant (Camellia sinensis), involved in the B-ring hydroxylation of flavonoids. Gene 2019; 717:144046. [PMID: 31434006 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are major polyphenol compounds in plant secondary metabolism. The hydroxylation pattern of the B-ring of flavonoids is determined by the flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H) and flavonoid 3',5'-hydroxylase (F3'5'H). In this paper, one CsF3'H and two CsF3'5'Hs (CsF3'5'Ha and CsF3'5'Hb) were isolated. The phylogenetic tree results showed that F3'H and F3'5'Hs belong to the CYP75B and CYP75A, respectively. The Expression pattern analysis showed that the expression of CsF3'5'Ha and CsF3'5'Hb in the bud and 1st leaf were higher than other tissues. However, the CsF3'H had the highest expression in the 4th and mature leaf. The correlation analysis showed that the expression of CsF3'5'Hs is positively associated with the concentration of B-trihydroxylated catechins, and the expression of CsF3'H is positively associated with the Q contentration. Heterologous expression of these genes in yeast showed that CsF3'H and CsF3'5'Ha can catalyze flavanones, flavonols and flavanonols to the corresponding 3', 4' or 3', 4', 5'-hydroxylated compounds, for which the optimum substrate is naringenin. The enzyme of CsF3'5'Hb can only catalyze flavonols (including K and Q) and flavanonols (DHK and DHQ), of which the highest activities in catalyzing are DHK. Interestingly, The experiment of site-directed mutagenesis suggested that two novel sites near the C-terminal were discovered impacting on the activity of the CsF3'5'H. These results provide a significantly molecular basis on the accumulation B-ring hydroxylation of flavonoids in tea plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Guo
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China; State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liping Gao
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China; State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiubing Ma
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China
| | - Furong Guo
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China
| | - Haixiang Ruan
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- Life Science College, Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036, China; State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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21
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Haghighatdoost F, Hariri M. The effect of green tea on inflammatory mediators: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials. Phytother Res 2019; 33:2274-2287. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food ScienceIsfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Mitra Hariri
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research CenterNeyshabur University of Medical Sciences Neyshabur Iran
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22
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Advances in research on functional genes of tea plant. Gene 2019; 711:143940. [PMID: 31226279 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.143940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is an important leaf-type woody crop used to produce non-alcoholic beverages all over the world. Tea is one of the oldest and most popular non-alcoholic beverages in the world, and long-term tea drinking has numerous healthful for humans due to many of the important secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols and theanine. Theanine and polyphenols are also closely related to tea flavor and tea aroma, which is usually as the standard for judging tea quality. The growth of tea plants and quality of teas are susceptible to adversity abiotic and biotic stresses, such as low temperatures and pests. Consequently, this review focus on the research progress of key genes related to the stress resistance and material metabolism of tea plants in recent years. We aim at comprehensively understanding the growth and metabolism of tea plants and their relationship with the external environment, so as to provide an in-depth and broad theoretical support for the breeding of excellent tea plant varieties.
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23
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Quezada-Fernández P, Trujillo-Quiros J, Pascoe-González S, Trujillo-Rangel WA, Cardona-Müller D, Ramos-Becerra CG, Barocio-Pantoja M, Rodríguez-de la Cerda M, Nérida Sánchez-Rodríguez E, Cardona-Muñóz EG, García-Benavides L, Grover-Páez F. Effect of green tea extract on arterial stiffness, lipid profile and sRAGE in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:977-985. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1589430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Quezada-Fernández
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jhonatan Trujillo-Quiros
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Sara Pascoe-González
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Walter A. Trujillo-Rangel
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - David Cardona-Müller
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Carlos G. Ramos-Becerra
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Maricruz Barocio-Pantoja
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Mariana Rodríguez-de la Cerda
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Ernesto G. Cardona-Muñóz
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Leonel García-Benavides
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Fernando Grover-Páez
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Physiology, Arterial Stiffness Laboratory, Experimental Therapeutic and Clinic Institute, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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De Bruyne T, Steenput B, Roth L, De Meyer GRY, Santos CND, Valentová K, Dambrova M, Hermans N. Dietary Polyphenols Targeting Arterial Stiffness: Interplay of Contributing Mechanisms and Gut Microbiome-Related Metabolism. Nutrients 2019; 11:E578. [PMID: 30857217 PMCID: PMC6471395 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased arterial stiffness is a degenerative vascular process, progressing with age that leads to a reduced capability of arteries to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. This progressive degeneration mainly affects the extracellular matrix of elastic arteries and causes loss of vascular elasticity. Recent studies point to significant interference of dietary polyphenols with mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology and progression of arterial stiffness. This review summarizes data from epidemiological and interventional studies on the effect of polyphenols on vascular stiffness as an illustration of current research and addresses possible etiological factors targeted by polyphenols, including pathways of vascular functionality, oxidative status, inflammation, glycation, and autophagy. Effects can either be inflicted directly by the dietary polyphenols or indirectly by metabolites originated from the host or microbial metabolic processes. The composition of the gut microbiome, therefore, determines the resulting metabolome and, as a consequence, the observed activity. On the other hand, polyphenols also influence the intestinal microbial composition, and therefore the metabolites available for interaction with relevant targets. As such, targeting the gut microbiome is another potential treatment option for arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess De Bruyne
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Bieke Steenput
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Lynn Roth
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Guido R Y De Meyer
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | - Claudia Nunes Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901 Oeiras, Portugal.
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campo Mártires da Pátria, 130, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia.
| | - Nina Hermans
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Food-Research and Analysis (NatuRA), University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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25
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Effects of Coffee and Tea Consumption on Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2018; 11:nu11010048. [PMID: 30591664 PMCID: PMC6356434 DOI: 10.3390/nu11010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Prospective cohort studies have described an association between coffee or tea consumption and the risk of developing diabetes. However, whether coffee or tea improves glucose metabolism remains uncertain. We investigated the effect of coffee and tea on glucose metabolism by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Electronic databases were searched for articles published up 19 February 2017. The primary endpoint was the mean difference in post-intervention fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels between the groups. Of 892 citations screened, 27 studies (1898 participants) were included in our meta-analysis. A network meta-analysis suggested that green tea, but not caffeinated/decaffeinated coffee or black tea, may reduce FBG levels, compared with placebo/water (−2.10 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI), −3.96 to −0.24 mg/dL; p = 0.03; moderate quality of evidence). In a subgroup analysis, the effect of green tea on FBG levels was statistically significant only in studies with a mean age of < 55-years-old or Asian-based studies. The oolong tea group also showed a significant decrease in FBG, but the quality of evidence was very low. In conclusion, green tea consumption might decrease FBG levels, especially in < 55-year-olds or Asian-based populations.
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26
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Yaribeygi H, Simental‐Mendía LE, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of plant‐derived natural products on renal complications. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:12161-12172. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | | | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
- School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran
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27
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Wang WL, Cui X, Wang YX, Liu ZW, Zhuang J. Members of R2R3-type MYB transcription factors from subgroups 20 and 22 are involved in abiotic stress response in tea plants. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1512898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Li Wang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Cui
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong-Xin Wang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Liu
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Zhuang
- Tea Science Research Institute, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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28
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Green tea consumption reduces apelin and orexin-A in overweight and obese women with different training modalities. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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29
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Effects of green tea extract on oxidative stress and renal function in diabetic individuals: A randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Alkhalidy H, Wang Y, Liu D. Dietary Flavonoids in the Prevention of T2D: An Overview. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040438. [PMID: 29614722 PMCID: PMC5946223 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a progressive metabolic disease that is increasing in prevalence globally. It is well established that insulin resistance (IR) and a progressive decline in functional β-cell mass are hallmarks of developing T2D. Obesity is a leading pathogenic factor for developing IR. Constant IR will progress to T2D when β-cells are unable to secret adequate amounts of insulin to compensate for decreased insulin sensitivity. Recently, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to identifying naturally occurring anti-diabetic compounds that are abundant in certain types of foods. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenols that have drawn great interest for their various health benefits. Results from many clinical and animal studies demonstrate that dietary intake of flavonoids might be helpful in preventing T2D, although cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are still not completely understood. This review discusses our current understanding of the pathophysiology of T2D and highlights the potential anti-diabetic effects of flavonoids and mechanisms of their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Alkhalidy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
| | - Dongmin Liu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
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31
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Protective effects of tea, red wine and cocoa in diabetes. Evidences from human studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 109:302-314. [PMID: 28893620 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prevention of diabetes through the diet has recently received an increasing interest, and polyphenolic compounds, such as flavanols, have become important potential chemopreventive natural agents due to their proved benefits on health, with low toxicity and cost. Tea, red wine and cocoa are good sources of flavanols and these highly consumed foods might contribute to prevent diabetes. In this regard, there is increasing evidence for a protective effect of tea, red wine and cocoa consumption against this disorder. This review summarizes the available epidemiological and interventional human studies providing evidence for and against this effect. Overall observational data suggest a benefit, but results are still equivocal and likely confounded by lifestyle and background dietary factors. The weight of data indicate favourable effects on diabetes risk factors for tea, red wine and cocoa intake, and a number of plausible mechanisms have been elucidated in human studies. However, despite the growing evidence it remains uncertain whether tea, red wine and cocoa consumption should be recommended to the general population or to patients as a strategy to reduce the risk of diabetes.
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32
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Haghighatdoost F, Nobakht M Gh BF, Hariri M. Effect of Green Tea on Plasma Adiponectin Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. J Am Coll Nutr 2017; 36:541-548. [PMID: 28853999 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1333470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our objective was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of green tea on serum adiponectin concentration. METHOD We searched PubMed, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and the Google Scholar databases up to November 2016. RCTs conducted among human adults studied the effects of green tea and green tea extract on serum adiponectin concentrations as an outcome variable was included. The weighted mean differences and standard deviations (SD) of change in serum adiponectin levels were calculated. The random effects model was used for deriving a summary of mean estimates with their corresponding SDs. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (No. CRD42017057716). RESULT Fourteen RCTs were eligible to be included in the systematic review and the meta-analysis. Our analysis showed that green tea did not significantly affect adiponectin concentrations in comparison with placebo (weighted mean difference = -0.02 µg/ml, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.41, 0.38; p = 0.936). There was a substantial heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 91.7%; p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses based on sex, type of intervention, continent, and body mass index (BMI) could not explain the sources of heterogeneity. Metaregression analyses revealed that the dose and duration of green tea ingestion did not have any effect on adiponectin concentrations. CONCLUSION Green tea could not change the circulatory adiponectin levels. The dose and duration of green tea could not change the result. RCTs with longer follow-up periods and higher doses are needed to replicate our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- a Food Security Research Center , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran.,b Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
| | - B Fatemeh Nobakht M Gh
- c Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences , Neyshabur , Iran
| | - Mitra Hariri
- c Department of Basic Medical Sciences , Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences , Neyshabur , Iran
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33
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Yu J, Song P, Perry R, Penfold C, Cooper AR. The Effectiveness of Green Tea or Green Tea Extract on Insulin Resistance and Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Metab J 2017; 41:251-262. [PMID: 28868822 PMCID: PMC5583402 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.4.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Green tea or green tea extract (GT/GTE) has been demonstrated to reduce insulin resistance and improve glycemic control. However, evidence for this health beneficial effect is inconsistent. This systematic review evaluated the effect of GT/GTE on insulin resistance and glycemic control in people with pre-diabetes/type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, AMED, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched up to April 2017 for randomised controlled trials of participants with pre-diabetes or T2DM, where the intervention was GT/GTE. Meta-analysis was performed to assess the standardised mean difference (SMD) in biomarkers of insulin resistance and glycemic control between GT/GTE and placebo groups. Six studies (n=382) were pooled into random-effects meta-analysis. Overall, no differences were found between GT/GTE and the placebo for glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c: SMD, -0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.86 to 0.23), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: SMD, 0.10; 95% CI, -0.17 to 0.38), fasting insulin (SMD, -0.25; 95% CI, -0.64 to 0.15), and fasting glucose (SMD, -0.10; 95% CI, -0.50 to 0.30). No evidence support the consumption of GT/GTE could reduce the levels of HbA1c, HOMA-IR, fasting insulin, or fasting glucose in people with pre-diabetes/T2DM. However, the studies included were small and of varying quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyue Yu
- Division of Medicine, School of life and Medical Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peige Song
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rachel Perry
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Chris Penfold
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ashley R Cooper
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Nutrition Theme, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
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34
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González-Sarrías A, Combet E, Pinto P, Mena P, Dall’Asta M, Garcia-Aloy M, Rodríguez-Mateos A, Gibney ER, Dumont J, Massaro M, Sánchez-Meca J, Morand C, García-Conesa MT. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Flavanol-Containing Tea, Cocoa and Apple Products on Body Composition and Blood Lipids: Exploring the Factors Responsible for Variability in Their Efficacy. Nutrients 2017. [PMCID: PMC5537860 DOI: 10.3390/nu9070746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses support the benefits of flavanols on cardiometabolic health, but the factors affecting variability in the responses to these compounds have not been properly assessed. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to systematically collect the RCTs-based-evidence of the effects of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on selected biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk and to explore the influence of various factors on the variability in the responses to the consumption of these products. A total of 120 RCTs were selected. Despite a high heterogeneity, the intake of the flavanol-containing products was associated using a random model with changes (reported as standardized difference in means (SDM)) in body mass index (−0.15, p < 0.001), waist circumference (−0.29, p < 0.001), total-cholesterol (−0.21, p < 0.001), LDL-cholesterol (−0.23, p < 0.001), and triacylglycerides (−0.11, p = 0.027), and with an increase of HDL-cholesterol (0.15, p = 0.005). Through subgroup analyses, we showed the influence of baseline-BMI, sex, source/form of administration, medication and country of investigation on some of the outcome measures and suggest that flavanols may be more effective in specific subgroups such as those with a BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2, non-medicated individuals or by specifically using tea products. This meta-analysis provides the first robust evidence of the effects induced by the consumption of flavanol-containing tea, cocoa and apple products on weight and lipid biomarkers and shows the influence of various factors that can affect their bioefficacy in humans. Of note, some of these effects are quantitatively comparable to those produced by drugs, life-style changes or other natural products. Further, RCTs in well-characterized populations are required to fully comprehend the factors affecting inter-individual responses to flavanol and thereby improve flavanols efficacy in the prevention of cardiometabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio González-Sarrías
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Campus de Espinardo, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-S.); (M.-T.G.-C.); Tel.: +34-968-396276 (A.G.-S. & M.-T.G.-C.); Fax: +34-968-396213(A.G.-S. & M.-T.G.-C.)
| | - Emilie Combet
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK;
| | - Paula Pinto
- Polytechnic Institute of Santarem, Escola Superior Agrária (ESA), Department of Food Technology, Biotechnology and Nutrition, 2001-904 Santarém, Portugal;
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (P.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Margherita Dall’Asta
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food & Drug, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy; (P.M.); (M.D.)
| | - Mar Garcia-Aloy
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomic Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Rodríguez-Mateos
- Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK;
| | - Eileen R. Gibney
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland;
| | - Julie Dumont
- U1167-RID-AGE-Facteurs de risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies Liées au Vieillissement, University Lille, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France;
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Clinical Physiology, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Julio Sánchez-Meca
- Department of Basic Psychology & Methodology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Christine Morand
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre de Recherches en Nutrition Humaine (CRNH) Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
| | - María-Teresa García-Conesa
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Campus de Espinardo, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.G.-S.); (M.-T.G.-C.); Tel.: +34-968-396276 (A.G.-S. & M.-T.G.-C.); Fax: +34-968-396213(A.G.-S. & M.-T.G.-C.)
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Mombaini E, Jafarirad S, Husain D, Haghighizadeh MH, Padfar P. The Impact of Green Tea Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices and Inflammatory Cytokines in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Phytother Res 2017; 31:747-754. [PMID: 28244612 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of a green tea supplement on anthropometric indices and inflammatory factors in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In this randomized clinical trial, 45 women with PCOS were randomly allocated into two groups receiving green tea tablets or placebo. The period of intervention was 45 days. The serum levels of interleukin 6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and tumor necrosis factor α were measured before and after intervention period using the related kits. Anthropometric indices also were measured. The mean of body mass index, weight, waist circumference, and body fat percentage in the green tea group were reduced significantly. However, no significant difference was observed between the two groups. Also, there was no significant effect on the levels of inflammatory factors. The present results suggest that daily consumption of green tea tablets did not cause any effect on inflammation biomarkers in PCOS women. However, it may be effective as a complementary treatment for weight control in these women. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmat Mombaini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Sima Jafarirad
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Durdana Husain
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, School of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Parivash Padfar
- Ganjavian Hospital, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
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36
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Li M, Li Y, Guo L, Gong N, Pang Y, Jiang W, Liu Y, Jiang X, Zhao L, Wang Y, Xie DY, Gao L, Xia T. Functional Characterization of Tea ( Camellia sinensis) MYB4a Transcription Factor Using an Integrative Approach. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:943. [PMID: 28659938 PMCID: PMC5467005 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Green tea (Camellia sinensis, Cs) abundantly produces a diverse array of phenylpropanoid compounds benefiting human health. To date, the regulation of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis in tea remains to be investigated. Here, we report a cDNA isolated from leaf tissues, which encodes a R2R3-MYB transcription factor. Amino acid sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicate that it is a member of the MYB4-subgroup and named as CsMYB4a. Transcriptional and metabolic analyses show that the expression profile of CsMYB4a is negatively correlated to the accumulation of six flavan-3-ols and other phenolic acids. GFP fusion analysis shows CsMYB4a's localization in the nucleus. Promoters of five tea phenylpropanoid pathway genes are isolated and characterized to contain four types of AC-elements, which are targets of MYB4 members. Interaction of CsMYB4a and five promoters shows that CsMYB4a decreases all five promoters' activity. To further characterize its function, CsMYB4a is overexpressed in tobacco plants. The resulting transgenic plants show dwarf, shrinking and yellowish leaf, and early senescence phenotypes. A further genome-wide transcriptomic analysis reveals that the expression levels of 20 tobacco genes involved in the shikimate and the phenylpropanoid pathways are significantly downregulated in transgenic tobacco plants. UPLC-MS and HPLC based metabolic profiling reveals significant reduction of total lignin content, rutin, chlorogenic acid, and phenylalanine in CsMYB4a transgenic tobacco plants. Promoter sequence analysis of the 20 tobacco genes characterizes four types of AC-elements. Further CsMYB4a-AC element and CsMYB4a-promoter interaction analyses indicate that the negative regulation of CsMYB4a on the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways in tobacco is via reducing promoter activity. Taken together, all data indicate that CsMYB4a negatively regulates the phenylpropanoid and shikimate pathways. Highlight: A tea (Camellia sinensis) MYB4a is characterized to encode a R2R3-MYB transcription factor. It is shown to repressively control the phenylpropanoid and shikimate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhuo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biochemistry and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Yanzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biochemistry and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Lili Guo
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Niandi Gong
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Yongzheng Pang
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Wenbo Jiang
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yajun Liu
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Xiaolan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biochemistry and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdao, China
| | - Yunsheng Wang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
| | - De-Yu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biochemistry and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, RaleighNC, United States
- *Correspondence: Tao Xia, Liping Gao, De-Yu Xie,
| | - Liping Gao
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Xia, Liping Gao, De-Yu Xie,
| | - Tao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biochemistry and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural UniversityHefei, China
- *Correspondence: Tao Xia, Liping Gao, De-Yu Xie,
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Gardener SL, Rainey-Smith SR, Martins RN. Diet and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Chronic Diseases: A Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:301-34. [PMID: 26682690 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the pathological features of the neurodegenerative disease, Alzheimer's disease (AD). A number of additional disorders are likewise associated with a state of chronic inflammation, including obesity, cardiovascular disease, and type-2 diabetes, which are themselves risk factors for AD. Dietary components have been shown to modify the inflammatory process at several steps of the inflammatory pathway. This review aims to evaluate the published literature on the effect of consumption of pro- or anti-inflammatory dietary constituents on the severity of both AD pathology and related chronic diseases, concentrating on the dietary constituents of flavonoids, spices, and fats. Diet-based anti-inflammatory components could lead to the development of potent novel anti-inflammatory compounds for a range of diseases. However, further work is required to fully characterize the therapeutic potential of such compounds, including gaining an understanding of dose-dependent relationships and limiting factors to effectiveness. Nutritional interventions utilizing anti-inflammatory foods may prove to be a valuable asset in not only delaying or preventing the development of age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as AD, but also treating pre-existing conditions including type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Gardener
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, Australia
| | - Stephanie R Rainey-Smith
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, Australia
| | - Ralph N Martins
- Centre of Excellence for Alzheimer's Disease Research and Care, School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia.,Sir James McCusker Alzheimer's Disease Research Unit (Hollywood Private Hospital), Perth, Australia
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Tomé-Carneiro J, Visioli F. Polyphenol-based nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease: Review of human evidence. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1145-1174. [PMID: 26776959 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to prescription drugs, nutraceuticals/functional foods/medical foods are being increasingly added as adjunct treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), even though most of them have been exclusively studied in vitro. HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE We review the available evidence (focusing on when the amount of polyphenols' intake was measured) coming from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of (poly)phenol-based supplements. CONCLUSION We conclude that (poly)phenol-based nutraceuticals and functional foods might be indeed used as adjunct therapy of CVD, but additional long-term RCTs with adequate numerosity and with clinically relevant end points are needed to provide unequivocal evidence of their clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Tomé-Carneiro
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) - Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Visioli
- Laboratory of Functional Foods, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies (IMDEA) - Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy .
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Isolation and dynamic expression of four genes involving in shikimic acid pathway in Camellia sinensis 'Baicha 1' during periodic albinism. Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:1119-27. [PMID: 27553670 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-4045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are the main flavor components and functional ingredients in tea, and the shikimic acid pathway is considered as one of the most important pathways in flavonoid biosynthesis, but little was known about the function of regulatory genes in the metabolism phenolic compounds in tea plant (Camellia sinensis), especially related genes in shikimic acid pathway. The dynamic changes of catechin (predominant flavonoid) contents were analyzed in this study, and four genes (CsPPT, CsDAHPS, CsSDH and CsCS) involving in shikimic acid pathway in C. sinensis albino cultivar 'Baicha 1' were cloned and characterized. The full-length cDNA sequences of these genes were obtained using reverse transcription-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends. At the albinistic stage, the amounts of all catechins decreased to the lowest levels, when epigallocatechin gallate was the highest, whereas gallocatechin-3-O-gallate the lowest. Gene expression patterns analyzed by qRT-PCR showed that CsPPT and CsDAHPS were highly expressed in flowers and buds, while CsSDH and CsCS showed high expression levels in buds and leaves. It was also found that the transcript abundance of shikimic acid biosynthetic genes followed a tightly regulated biphasic pattern, and was affected by albinism. The transcript levels of CsPPT and CsDAHPS were decreased at albinistic stage followed elevated expression, whereas CsSDH and CsCS were increased only at re-greening stage. Taken together, these findings suggested that these four genes in C. sinensis may play different roles in shikimic acid biosynthesis and these genes may have divergent functions.
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Dal S, Sigrist S. The Protective Effect of Antioxidants Consumption on Diabetes and Vascular Complications. Diseases 2016; 4:E24. [PMID: 28933404 PMCID: PMC5456287 DOI: 10.3390/diseases4030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes is generally accompanied by a chronic state of oxidative stress, disequilibrium in the redox balance, implicated in the development and progression of complications such as micro- and macro-angiopathies. Disorders in the inner layer of blood vessels, the endothelium, play an early and critical role in the development of these complications. Blunted endothelium-dependent relaxation and/or contractions are quietly associated to oxidative stress. Thus, preserving endothelial function and oxidative stress seems to be an optimization strategy in the prevention of vascular complications associated with diabetes. Diet is a major lifestyle factor that can greatly influence the incidence and the progression of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications. The notion that foods not only provide basic nutrition but can also prevent diseases and ensure good health and longevity is now attained greater prominence. Some dietary and lifestyle modifications associated to antioxidative supply could be an effective prophylactic means to fight against oxidative stress in diabesity and complications. A significant benefit of phytochemicals (polyphenols in wine, grape, teas), vitamins (ascorbate, tocopherol), minerals (selenium, magnesium), and fruits and vegetables in foods is thought to be capable of scavenging free radicals, lowering the incidence of chronic diseases. In this review, we discuss the role of oxidative stress in diabetes and complications, highlight the endothelial dysfunction, and examine the impact of antioxidant foods, plants, fruits, and vegetables, currently used medication with antioxidant properties, in relation to the development and progression of diabetes and cardiovascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Dal
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
| | - Séverine Sigrist
- DIATHEC EA 7294 UMR Centre Européen d'Etude du Diabète (CeeD), Université de Strasbourg (UdS), boulevard René Leriche, Strasbourg 67200, France.
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Indah Putri S. N, Prangdimurti E, R. Zakaria F. PENGARUH MINUMAN DIPERKAYA CINNULIN TERHADAP MDA DAN SENYAWA INFLAMASI PLASMA PENDERITA DMT2. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI PANGAN 2016. [DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2016.27.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Li Y, Wang C, Huai Q, Guo F, Liu L, Feng R, Sun C. Effects of tea or tea extract on metabolic profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis of ten randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32:2-10. [PMID: 25689396 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
As consumption of tea has been confirmed as a protective factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it would be interesting to know if T2DM patients could benefit from tea. Because of small sample sizes and inconsistent results of previous studies, we performed this meta-analysis to reevaluate the effects of tea or tea extract on all available outcomes in patients with T2DM. We systematically searched electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE to identify randomized controlled trials of tea in T2DM patients up to January 2015. Weight mean differences for the changes in all outcomes were pooled by Review Manager 5.2 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, England). A total of ten trials including 608 subjects were identified. The meta-analysis found that tea could alleviate the decrease of fasting blood insulin [1.30 U/L, 95% CI (0.36, 2.24)], and reduced waist circumference only in more than 8-week intervention [-2.70 cm, 95% CI (-4.72, -0.69)], whereas there were no statistically significant differences with regard to homeostasis model of insulin resistance 0.38 (-0.18, 0.95), fasting blood glucose -0.05 mmol/L (-0.51, 0.40), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol 0.07 mmol/L (-0.15, 0.29), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol 0.01 mmol/L (-0.08, 0.09), body mass index -0.15 kg/m(2) (-0.50, 0.21), SBP 0.35 mmHg (-3.54, 4.24), DBP -1.02 mmHg (-3.53, 1.48), triglycerides -0.11 mmol/L (-0.28, 0.05) and fasting cholesterol -0.05 mmol/L (-0.20, 0.11) in patients with T2DM, and leptin, ADPN, CRE and UA were also non-significant. The intervention of tea or tea extraction could maintain a stable fasting blood insulin and reduce waist circumference in the T2DM patients; however, the effects on other outcomes were not significant. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchuan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Environmental Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingjie Huai
- Department of Virus, Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, China
| | - Fuchuan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rennan Feng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Keske MA, Ng HLH, Premilovac D, Rattigan S, Kim JA, Munir K, Yang P, Quon MJ. Vascular and metabolic actions of the green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:59-69. [PMID: 25312214 PMCID: PMC4909506 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666141012174553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies demonstrate robust correlations between green tea consumption and reduced risk of type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. However, underlying molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Health promoting actions of green tea are often attributed to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenol in green tea. Insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction play key roles in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. Metabolic insulin resistance results from impaired insulin-mediated glucose disposal in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and blunted insulin-mediated suppression of hepatic glucose output that is often associated with endothelial/vascular dysfunction. This endothelial dysfunction is itself caused, in part, by impaired insulin signaling in vascular endothelium resulting in reduced insulin-stimulated production of NO in arteries, and arterioles that regulate nutritive capillaries. In this review, we discuss the considerable body of literature supporting insulin-mimetic actions of EGCG that oppose endothelial dysfunction and ameliorate metabolic insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and liver. We conclude that EGCG is a promising therapeutic to combat cardiovascular complications associated with the metabolic diseases characterized by reciprocal relationships between insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction that include obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. There is a strong rationale for well-powered randomized placebo controlled intervention trials to be carried out in insulin resistant and diabetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael J Quon
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, 7000, Australia.
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Lahirin R, Permadhi I, Mudjihatini N, Ridwan R, Sugianto R. Additional benefit of higher dose green tea in lowering postprandial blood glucose. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDONESIA 2015. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.v24i2.1167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Green tea contains catechins that have inhibitory effects on amylase, sucrase, and sodium-dependent glucose transporter (SGLT) which result in lowering of postprandial blood glucose (PBG). This beneficial effect has been widely demonstrated using the usual dose (UD) of green tea preparation. Our study was aimed to explore futher lowering of PBG using high dose (HD) of green tea in healthy adolescents.
Methods: 24 subjects received 100 mL infusion of either 0.67 or 3.33 grams of green tea with test meal. Fasting, PBG at 30, 60, 120 minutes were measured. Subjects were cross-overed after wash out. PBG and its incremental area under the curve (IAUC) difference between groups were analyzed with paired T-test. Cathecin contents of tea were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The PBG of HD group was lower compared to UD (at 60 minutes =113.70 ± 13.20 vs 124.16 ± 8.17 mg/dL, p = 0.005; at 120 minutes = 88.95 ± 6.13 vs 105.25 ± 13.85 mg/dL, p < 0.001). The IAUC of HD was also found to be lower compared to UD (2055.0 vs 3411.9 min.mg/dL, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Additional benefit of lowering PBG can be achieved by using higher dose of green tea. This study recommends preparing higher dose of green tea drinks for better control of PBG.
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Roberts JD, Roberts MG, Tarpey MD, Weekes JC, Thomas CH. The effect of a decaffeinated green tea extract formula on fat oxidation, body composition and exercise performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2015; 12:1. [PMID: 25650043 PMCID: PMC4307170 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-014-0062-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cardio-metabolic and antioxidant health benefits of caffeinated green tea (GT) relate to its catechin polyphenol content. Less is known about decaffeinated extracts, particularly in combination with exercise. The aim of this study was therefore to determine whether a decaffeinated green tea extract (dGTE) positively influenced fat oxidation, body composition and exercise performance in recreationally active participants. METHODS Fourteen, recreationally active males participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design intervention (mean ± SE; age = 21.4 ± 0.3 yrs; weight = 76.37 ± 1.73 kg; body fat = 16.84 ± 0.97%, peak oxygen consumption [[Formula: see text]] = 3.00 ± 0.10 L·min(-1)). Participants were randomly assigned capsulated dGTE (571 mg·d(-1); n = 7) or placebo (PL; n = 7) for 4 weeks. Following body composition and resting cardiovascular measures, participants cycled for 1 hour at 50% [Formula: see text], followed by a 40 minute performance trial at week 0, 2 and 4. Fat and carbohydrate oxidation was assessed via indirect calorimetry. Pre-post exercise blood samples were collected for determination of total fatty acids (TFA). Distance covered (km) and average power output (W) were assessed as exercise performance criteria. RESULTS Total fat oxidation rates increased by 24.9% from 0.241 ± 0.025 to 0.301 ± 0.009 g·min(-1) with dGTE (P = 0.05; ηp(2) = 0.45) by week 4, whereas substrate utilisation was unaltered with PL. Body fat significantly decreased with dGTE by 1.63 ± 0.16% in contrast to PL over the intervention period (P < 0.001; ηp(2) = 0.84). No significant changes for FFA or blood pressure between groups were observed. dGTE resulted in a 10.9% improvement in performance distance covered from 20.23 ± 0.54 km to 22.43 ± 0.40 km by week 4 (P < 0.001; ηp(2) = 0.85). CONCLUSIONS A 4 week dGTE intervention favourably enhanced substrate utilisation and subsequent performance indices, but did not alter TFA concentrations in comparison to PL. The results support the use of catechin polyphenols from dGTE in combination with exercise training in recreationally active volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin D Roberts
- Department of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, UK.,School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire UK
| | - Michael G Roberts
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire UK
| | - Michael D Tarpey
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire UK
| | - Jack C Weekes
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire UK
| | - Clare H Thomas
- School of Life & Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire UK
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Systematic Analysis of the Multiple Bioactivities of Green Tea through a Network Pharmacology Approach. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:512081. [PMID: 25525446 PMCID: PMC4267163 DOI: 10.1155/2014/512081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2014] [Revised: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
During the past decades, a number of studies have demonstrated multiple beneficial health effects of green tea. Polyphenolics are the most biologically active components of green tea. Many targets can be targeted or affected by polyphenolics. In this study, we excavated all of the targets of green tea polyphenolics (GTPs) though literature mining and target calculation and analyzed the multiple pharmacology actions of green tea comprehensively through a network pharmacology approach. In the end, a total of 200 Homo sapiens targets were identified for fifteen GTPs. These targets were classified into six groups according to their related disease, which included cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, muscular disease, and inflammation. Moreover, these targets mapped into 143 KEGG pathways, 26 of which were more enriched, as determined though pathway enrichment analysis and target-pathway network analysis. Among the identified pathways, 20 pathways were selected for analyzing the mechanisms of green tea in these diseases. Overall, this study systematically illustrated the mechanisms of the pleiotropic activity of green tea by analyzing the corresponding “drug-target-pathway-disease” interaction network.
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Peluso I, Miglio C, Morabito G, Ioannone F, Serafini M. Flavonoids and Immune Function in Human: A Systematic Review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2014; 55:383-95. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.656770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Lilamand M, Kelaiditi E, Guyonnet S, Antonelli Incalzi R, Raynaud-Simon A, Vellas B, Cesari M. Flavonoids and arterial stiffness: promising perspectives. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:698-704. [PMID: 24656854 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Flavonoids are a group of polyphenol compounds, ubiquitously found in plants. Great emphasis has been given to their possible benefits for cardiovascular health. These beneficial effects may be mediated by a specific action on arterial walls. Arterial stiffness is a marker of vascular aging, increasingly used in the clinical setting and assessed by pulse wave velocity. It has shown to be a robust predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. This review aims at providing a comprehensive evaluation of available intervention and observational studies examining the relationship between flavonoid consumption and arterial stiffness. DATA SYNTHESIS A Medline(®) literature search was performed using the keywords "arterial stiffness" and "flavonoids". As a result, 2 cross-sectional and 16 intervention studies assessing the relationship between flavonoids intake and arterial stiffness were retained. Four intervention trials reported a significant decrease of arterial stiffness after a flavonoid-based intervention, independently from blood pressure changes. The two observational studies reported significant associations between a higher flavonoid consumption and a lower arterial stiffness. In this review, isoflavones, anthocyanins and to a lesser extent cocoa flavan-3-ols appeared to be the more efficient to improve vascular function. CONCLUSIONS Despite their heterogeneity, preliminary data seem to support an improvement of the arterial stiffness related to flavonoid intake. However, further research on absorption and dose-response effects of the specific flavonoid subclasses on arterial structure is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lilamand
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France; Service de Gériatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat, Paris, France.
| | - E Kelaiditi
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France
| | - S Guyonnet
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France; INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France
| | | | - A Raynaud-Simon
- Service de Gériatrie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Bichat, Paris, France
| | - B Vellas
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France; INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Cesari
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France; INSERM UMR 1027, Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Lynn A, Mathew S, Moore CT, Russell J, Robinson E, Soumpasi V, Barker ME. Effect of a tart cherry juice supplement on arterial stiffness and inflammation in healthy adults: a randomised controlled trial. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2014; 69:122-127. [PMID: 24570273 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-014-0409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Tart cherries are a particularly rich source of anthocyanins. Evidence indicates that dietary intake of anthocyanins is inversely associated with arterial stiffness. We conducted an open-label randomised placebo controlled study to determine whether a tart cherry juice concentrate (Cherry Active) reduced arterial stiffness, inflammation and risk markers for cardiovascular disease in 47 healthy adults (30-50 years). Participants consumed 30 ml of cherry concentrate diluted to a volume of 250 ml with water or the same volume of an energy matched control drink daily for six weeks. Measurements were taken at baseline and at the end of the intervention. There was no effect of the intervention on arterial stiffness (P = 0.218), c-reactive protein (P = 0.220), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.163), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.121), total cholesterol (P = 0.342) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.127). At the end of the intervention, plasma antioxidant capacity (measured as the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)) was significantly higher in the intervention group than the control group (P = 0.012). We conclude that a tart cherry juice concentrate rich in anthocyanins has no effect on arterial stiffness, c-reactive protein and risk markers for cardiovascular disease, but evokes a minor increase in antioxidant status in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Lynn
- Food and Nutrition Group, Sheffield Business School, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK,
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50
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Pham NM, Nanri A, Yasuda K, Kurotani K, Kuwahara K, Akter S, Sato M, Hayabuchi H, Mizoue T. Habitual consumption of coffee and green tea in relation to serum adipokines: a cross-sectional study. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:205-14. [PMID: 24752775 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0701-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coffee and green tea consumption may be associated with circulating adipokines, but data are inconsistent, scarce or lacking. We examined the association of coffee and green tea consumption with serum adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, resistin and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) among a Japanese working population. METHODS The authors analyzed data (n = 509) from a cross-sectional survey among Japanese workers aged 20-68 years. Serum adipokines were measured using a Luminex suspension bead-based multiplexed array. Coffee and green tea consumption was assessed using a validated diet history questionnaire, and caffeine consumption from these beverages was estimated. Multiple regression analysis was performed with adjustment for potential confounding variables. RESULTS Coffee consumption was significantly, inversely associated with leptin and PAI-1 (P for trend = 0.007 and 0.02, respectively); compared with subjects consuming <1 cup per day, those consuming ≥4 cups per day had 13 and 10 % lower means of leptin and PAI-1, respectively. Similar associations were observed for caffeine consumption (P for trend = 0.02 for both leptin and PAI-1). Additionally, we noted a significant positive association between coffee consumption and adiponectin in men (P for trend = 0.046), but not in women (P for trend = 0.43, P for interaction = 0.11). Moreover, there was a positive association between coffee consumption and resistin in current male smokers (P for trend = 0.01), but not in male non-smokers (P for trend = 0.35, P for interaction = 0.11). Green tea consumption was not associated with any adipokine. CONCLUSIONS Higher consumption of coffee and caffeine but not green tea was associated with lower serum levels of leptin and PAI-1 in Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Minh Pham
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan,
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