1
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Salih AI, Al-Sudani BT, Mshimesh BAR. Targeting POLD1 to suppress the proliferation and migration of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell lines by downregulation of SIRT1. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae111. [PMID: 39036524 PMCID: PMC11256954 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The resistant and aggressive nature of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) renders it mostly incurable even following extensive multimodal treatment. Therefore, more studies are required to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis. SIRT1 is a class III histone deacetylase NAD + -dependent enzyme that is interlinked in tumor progression, apoptosis, metastasis, and other mechanisms of tumorigenesis, while DNA polymerase delta 1 (POLD1) functions as a gene coding for p125, which plays an important role in genome stability and DNA replication. Objective We aimed to investigate the downstream signaling pathway of EX-527, a potent and selective SIRT1 inhibitor, in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines, and the crosstalk between SIRT1 and POLD1, which is essential for the activities of polymerase δ. Methods The antiproliferative and apoptotic effects of EX-527 on MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed by MTT and annexin V/PI double staining assays. Migration and invasion activity of MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed by wound-healing scratch and transwell assays. Protein expressions were examined using Western Blot analysis. Results MDA-MB-231 cells treatment with IC50 values of 45.3 μM EX-527 significantly suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis by down-regulating SIRT1. Also, it significantly repressed migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells as evaluated by wound healing and transwell invasion assays. Western blot results showed that decreased expression of SIRT1 is positively correlated with expression of p53 along with down-regulating POLD1. Conclusion SIRT1 could have an oncogenic role in breast cancer development and progression via activating POLD1. These conclusions present new insights into the underlying mechanisms of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areege Ibrahim Salih
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
| | - Basma Talib Al-Sudani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
| | - Bahir Abdul-Razzaq Mshimesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad 10052, Iraq
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2
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Wang H, Gan X, Tang Y. Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Cadmium (Cd)-Induced Malignancy. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2. [PMID: 38683269 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The environmental pollution of cadmium is worsening, and its significant carcinogenic effects on humans have been confirmed. Cadmium can induce cancer through various signaling pathways, including the ERK/JNK/p38MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB, and Wnt. It can also cause cancer by directly damaging DNA and inhibiting DNA repair systems, or through epigenetic mechanisms such as abnormal DNA methylation, LncRNA, and microRNA. However, the detailed mechanisms of Cd-induced cancer are still not fully understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xuehui Gan
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University, No. 1, Section 1, Xianglin Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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3
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Li MR, Men SH, Wang ZY, Liu C, Zhou GR, Yan ZG. The application of human-derived cell lines in neurotoxicity studies of environmental pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:168839. [PMID: 38036138 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
As industrial and societal advancements progress, an increasing number of environmental pollutants linked to human existence have been substantiated to elicit neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity. For research in this field, human-derived neural cell lines have become excellent in vitro models. This study examines the utilization of immortalized cell lines, specifically the SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line, and neural cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells, in the investigation of neurotoxicity and developmental neural toxicity caused by environmental pollutants. The study also explores the culturing techniques employed for these cell lines and provides an overview of the standardized assays used to assess various biological endpoints. The environmental pollutants involved include a variety of organic compounds, heavy metals, and microplastics. The utilization of cell lines derived from human sources holds significant significance in elucidating the neurotoxic effects of environmental pollutants and the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we propose the possibility of improving the in vitro model of the human nervous system and the toxicity detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shu-Hui Men
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zi-Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Guo-Rui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
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4
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Martin-Folgar R, Sabroso C, Cañas-Portilla AI, Torres-Ruíz M, González-Caballero MC, Dorado H, Velasco I, Morales M. DNA damage and molecular level effects induced by polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics (NPs) after Chironomus riparius (Diptera) larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140552. [PMID: 37914044 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we analyzed the early molecular effects of polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics (NPs) on an aquatic primary consumer (larvae of Chironomus riparius, Diptera) to evaluate their potential DNA damage and the transcriptional response of different genes related to cellular and oxidative stress, endocrine response, developmental, oxygen transport, and immune response. After 24-h exposures of larvae to doses of PS NPs close to those currently found in the environment, the results revealed a large genotoxic effect. This end was evidenced after significant increases in DNA strand breaks of C. riparius larvae quantified by the comet assay, together with results obtained when analyzing the expression of four genes involved in DNA repair (xrrc1, ATM, DECAY and NLK) and which were reduced in the presence of these nanomaterials. Consequently, this reduction trend is likely to prevent the repair of DNA damage caused by PS NPs. In addition, the same tendency to reduce the expression of genes involved in cellular stress, oxidative stress, ecdysone pathway, development, and oxygen transport was observed. Taken together, these results suggest that PS NPs reduce the expression of hormonal target genes and a developmental gene. We show, for the first time, effects of PS NPs on the endocrine system of C. riparius and suggest a possible mechanism of blocking ecdysteroid hormones in insects. Moreover, the NPs were able to inhibit the expression of hemoglobin (Hb C), a protein involved in oxygen transport, and activate a gene of the humoral immune system. These data reveal for the first time the genomic effects of PS NPs in the aquatic invertebrate C. riparius, at the base of the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Martin-Folgar
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Avda. Esparta s/n Las Rozas, (Madrid), Spain.
| | - Celia Sabroso
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Avda. Esparta s/n Las Rozas, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Ana I Cañas-Portilla
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., 28220, Majadahonda, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Mónica Torres-Ruíz
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., 28220, Majadahonda, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Mª Carmen González-Caballero
- Environmental Toxicology Unit, Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ctra. Majadahonda-Pozuelo Km. 2,2., 28220, Majadahonda, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Helena Dorado
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Avda. Esparta s/n Las Rozas, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Ignacio Velasco
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Avda. Esparta s/n Las Rozas, (Madrid), Spain
| | - Mónica Morales
- Grupo de Biología y Toxicología Ambiental, Departamento de Física Matemática y de Fluidos, Facultad de Ciencias, UNED, Avda. Esparta s/n Las Rozas, (Madrid), Spain.
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5
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Hou Y, Song Q, Wang Y, Liu J, Cui Y, Zhang X, Zhang J, Fu J, Cao M, Zhang C, Liu C, Wang X, Duan H, Wang P. Downregulation of Krüppel-like factor 14 accelerated cellular senescence and aging. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13950. [PMID: 37551728 PMCID: PMC10577553 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging has been considered as a risk factor in many diseases, thus, comprehensively understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of delayed aging is important. Here we investigated whether Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) is a suppressor of cellular senescence and aging. In our research, KLF14 levels significantly decreased not only in the lymphocytes of healthy people but also in the cells and tissues of mice with aging. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments on cells and mice to reveal the function of KLF14 in aging. KLF14 deficiency facilitates cellular senescence and aging-related pathologies in C57BL/6J mice, whereas KLF14 overexpression attenuates cellular senescence. Mechanistically, KLF14 delays aging by binding to the POLD1 promoter to positively regulate POLD1 expression. Remarkably, cellular senescence mediated by KLF14 downregulation could be alleviated by POLD1 expression. In addition, perhexiline, an agonist of KLF14, could delay cellular senescence and aging-related pathologies in senescence-accelerated P8 mice by inducing POLD1 expression, as perhexiline could enhance the effect of KLF14's transcription activation to POLD1 by elevating the binding level of KLF14 to the POLD1 promoter. Our data indicate that KLF14 might be a critical element in aging by upregulating POLD1 expression, indicating that the activation of KLF14 may delay aging and aging-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Qiao Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuting Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jingxuan Fu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Min Cao
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryBeijing Huairou HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Congcong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Huanli Duan
- Departments of Pathology, Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Peichang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xuanwu Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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6
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Ruczaj A, Brzóska MM. Environmental exposure of the general population to cadmium as a risk factor of the damage to the nervous system: A critical review of current data. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:66-88. [PMID: 35304765 PMCID: PMC10084305 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, more and more attention has been focused on the risk of the neurotoxic action of cadmium (Cd) under environmental exposure. Due to the growing incidence of nervous system diseases, including neurodegenerative changes, and suggested involvement of Cd in their aetiopathogenesis, this review aimed to discuss critically this element neurotoxicity. Attempts have been made to recognize at which concentrations in the blood and urine Cd may increase the risk of damage to the nervous system and compare it to the risk of injury of other organs and systems. The performed overview of the available literature shows that Cd may have an unfavourable impact on the human's nervous system at the concentration >0.8 μg Cd/L in the urine and >0.6 μg Cd/L in the blood. Because such concentrations are currently noted in the general population of industrialized countries, it can be concluded that environmental exposure to this xenobiotic may create a risk of damage to the nervous system and be involved in the aetiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as worsening cognitive and behavioural functions. The potential mechanism of Cd neurotoxicity consists in inducing oxidative stress, disrupting the activity of enzymes essential to the proper functioning of the nervous system and destroying the homoeostasis of bioelements in the brain. Thus, further studies are necessary to recognize accurately both the risk of nervous system damage in the general population due to environmental exposure to Cd and the mechanism of this action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ruczaj
- Department of ToxicologyMedical University of BialystokBialystokPoland
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7
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Leuthner T, Benzing L, Kohrn B, Bergemann C, Hipp M, Hershberger K, Mello D, Sokolskyi T, Stevenson K, Merutka I, Seay S, Gregory S, Kennedy S, Meyer J. Resistance of mitochondrial DNA to cadmium and Aflatoxin B1 damage-induced germline mutation accumulation in C. elegans. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:8626-8642. [PMID: 35947695 PMCID: PMC9410910 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is prone to mutation in aging and over evolutionary time, yet the processes that regulate the accumulation of de novo mtDNA mutations and modulate mtDNA heteroplasmy are not fully elucidated. Mitochondria lack certain DNA repair processes, which could contribute to polymerase error-induced mutations and increase susceptibility to chemical-induced mtDNA mutagenesis. We conducted error-corrected, ultra-sensitive Duplex Sequencing to investigate the effects of two known nuclear genome mutagens, cadmium and Aflatoxin B1, on germline mtDNA mutagenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans. Detection of thousands of mtDNA mutations revealed pervasive heteroplasmy in C. elegans and that mtDNA mutagenesis is dominated by C:G → A:T mutations generally attributed to oxidative damage. However, there was no effect of either exposure on mtDNA mutation frequency, spectrum, or trinucleotide context signature despite a significant increase in nuclear mutation rate after aflatoxin B1 exposure. Mitophagy-deficient mutants pink-1 and dct-1 accumulated significantly higher levels of mtDNA damage compared to wild-type C. elegans after exposures. However, there were only small differences in mtDNA mutation frequency, spectrum, or trinucleotide context signature compared to wild-type after 3050 generations, across all treatments. These findings suggest mitochondria harbor additional previously uncharacterized mechanisms that regulate mtDNA mutational processes across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tess C Leuthner
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Laura Benzing
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Brendan F Kohrn
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Michael J Hipp
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - Danielle F Mello
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Tymofii Sokolskyi
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kevin Stevenson
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA
| | - Ilaria R Merutka
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sarah A Seay
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Simon G Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27701, USA,Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Scott R Kennedy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joel N Meyer
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 919 613 8109;
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8
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Zhao S, Wei C, Tang H, Ding H, Han B, Chen S, Song X, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Liu W, Wang J. Elevated DNA Polymerase Delta 1 Expression Correlates With Tumor Progression and Immunosuppressive Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:736363. [PMID: 34868924 PMCID: PMC8632622 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.736363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and the DNA polymerase delta (POLD) family is significantly related to cancer prognosis. This study aimed to explore the significance of the POLD family in HCC via the DNA damage repair (DDR) pathway. Methods Data mining was conducted using bioinformatics methods. RNA sequencing and clinicopathological data were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas, GTEx database and the Gumz Renal cohort. Statistical analyses were also performed in cancer samples (n>12,000) and the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities (AHYMUN, n=107) cohort. Results The POLD family (POLD1-4) was identified as the most important functional component of the DDR pathway. Based on the analysis of independent cohorts, we found significantly elevated POLD expression in HCC compared with normal tissues. Second, we investigated the prognostic implication of elevated POLD1 expression in HCC and pan-cancers, revealing that increased POLD1 levels were correlated to worse prognoses for HCC patients. Additionally, we identified 11 hub proteins interacting closely with POLD proteins in base excision repair, protein-DNA complex and mismatch repair signaling pathways. Moreover, POLD1 mutation functioned as an independent biomarker to predict the benefit of targeted treatment. Importantly, POLD1 expression was associated with immune checkpoint molecules, including CD274, CD80, CD86, CTLA4, PDCD1 and TCGIT, and facilitated an immune-excluded tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we confirmed that elevated POLD1 expression was closely correlated with the aggressive progression and poor prognosis of HCC in the real-world AHYMUN cohort. Conclusion We identified a significant association between elevated POLD1 expression and poor patient survival and immune-excluded tumor microenvironment of HCC. Together, these findings indicate that POLD1 provides a valuable biomarker to guide the molecular diagnosis and development of novel targeted therapeutic strategies for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuicui Wei
- Department of Outpatient, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Haijia Tang
- Department of Integrated Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Ding
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxian Chen
- Department of Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Gu
- Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yichi Zhang
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangrui Liu
- Department of Outpatient, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.,Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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9
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Swift ML, Beishline K, Azizkhan-Clifford J. Sp1-dependent recruitment of the histone acetylase p300 to DSBs facilitates chromatin remodeling and recruitment of the NHEJ repair factor Ku70. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 105:103171. [PMID: 34252870 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, most factors involved in damage recognition and repair are tightly regulated to ensure proper repair pathway choice. Histone acetylation at DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) by p300 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) is critical for the recruitment of DSB repair proteins to chromatin. Here, we show that phosphorylation of Sp1 by ATM increases its interaction with p300 and that Sp1-dependent recruitment of p300 to DSBs is necessary to modify the histones associated with p300 activity and NHEJ repair factor recruitment and repair. p300 is known to acetylate multiple residues on histones H3 and H4 necessary for NHEJ. Acetylation of H3K18 by p300 is associated with the recruitment of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex and Ku70 to DSBs for NHEJ repair. Depletion of Sp1 results in decreased acetylation of lysines on histones H3 and H4. Specifically, cells depleted of Sp1 display defects in the acetylation of H3K18, resulting in defective SWI/SNF and Ku70 recruitment to DSBs. These results shed light on mechanisms by which chromatin remodelers are regulated to ensure activation of the appropriate DSB repair pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Swift
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kate Beishline
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jane Azizkhan-Clifford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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10
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Ferain A, Delbecque E, Neefs I, Dailly H, De Saeyer N, Van Larebeke M, Cornet V, Larondelle Y, Rees JF, Kestemont P, De Schamphelaere KAC, Debier C. Interplay between dietary lipids and cadmium exposure in rainbow trout liver: Influence on fatty acid metabolism, metal accumulation and stress response. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105676. [PMID: 33341509 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating interactive effects between dietary lipids and both short- and long-term exposures to a low, environmentally realistic, cadmium (Cd) concentration. Juvenile rainbow trout were fed four isolipidic diets (31.7 g/kg) enriched in either linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3). From the 4th week of this 10-week experiment, the lipid level of the diet was increased (120.0 g/kg) and half of the fish fed each diet were aqueously exposed to Cd (0.3 μg/L) while the other half were not exposed to Cd (control). Fish were sampled and their liver was harvested for fatty acid profile, hepatic Cd and calcium concentrations, total glutathione level and gene expression assessment, either (i) after 4 weeks of feeding and 24 h of Cd contamination (day 29) (short-term Cd exposure) or (ii) after 10 weeks of feeding and 6 weeks of Cd contamination (day 70) (long-term Cd exposure). We found that both dietary lipids and Cd exposure influenced fatty acid homeostasis and metabolism. The hepatic fatty acid profile mostly reflected that of the diet (e.g. n-3/n-6 ratio) with some differences, including selective retention of specific long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) like DHA and active biotransformation of dietary LA and ALA into LC-PUFAs. Cd effects on hepatic fatty acid profiles were influenced by the duration of the exposure and the nutritional status of the fish. The effects of diet and Cd exposure on the fatty acid profiles were only sparsely explained by variation of the expression pattern of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism. The biological responses to Cd were also influenced by dietary lipids. Fish fed the ALA-enriched diet seemed to be the least affected by the Cd exposure, as they showed a higher detoxifying ability against Cd with an early upregulation of protective metallothionein a (MTa) and apoptosis regulator BCL2-Like1 (BCLx) genes, an increased long-term phospholipid synthesis and turnover and fatty acid bioconversion efficiency, as well as a lower long-term accumulation of Cd in their liver. In contrast, fish fed the EPA-enriched diet seemed to be the most sensitive to a long-term Cd exposure, with an impaired growth performance and a decreased antioxidant capacity (lower glutathione level). Our results highlight that low, environmentally realistic aqueous concentrations of Cd can affect biological response in fish and that these effects are influenced by the dietary fatty acid composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferain
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Eva Delbecque
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ineke Neefs
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Hélène Dailly
- Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Saeyer
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mélusine Van Larebeke
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), UNamur, rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Yvan Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Rees
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth and Environment (ILEE), UNamur, rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cathy Debier
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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11
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Cell organelles as targets of mammalian cadmium toxicity. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1017-1049. [PMID: 32206829 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02692-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ever increasing environmental presence of cadmium as a consequence of industrial activities is considered a health hazard and is closely linked to deteriorating global health status. General animal and human cadmium exposure ranges from ingestion of foodstuffs sourced from heavily polluted hotspots and cigarette smoke to widespread contamination of air and water, including cadmium-containing microplastics found in household water. Cadmium is promiscuous in its effects and exerts numerous cellular perturbations based on direct interactions with macromolecules and its capacity to mimic or displace essential physiological ions, such as iron and zinc. Cell organelles use lipid membranes to form complex tightly-regulated, compartmentalized networks with specialized functions, which are fundamental to life. Interorganellar communication is crucial for orchestrating correct cell behavior, such as adaptive stress responses, and can be mediated by the release of signaling molecules, exchange of organelle contents, mechanical force generated through organelle shape changes or direct membrane contact sites. In this review, cadmium effects on organellar structure and function will be critically discussed with particular consideration to disruption of organelle physiology in vertebrates.
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12
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Loshchenova PS, Sergeeva SV, Fletcher SC, Dianov GL. The role of Sp1 in the detection and elimination of cells with persistent DNA strand breaks. NAR Cancer 2020; 2:zcaa004. [PMID: 34316684 PMCID: PMC8210011 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability suppresses cancer and other human diseases and is critical for organism survival. Inevitably, during a life span, multiple DNA lesions can arise due to the inherent instability of DNA molecules or due to endogenous or exogenous DNA damaging factors. To avoid malignant transformation of cells with damaged DNA, multiple mechanisms have evolved to repair DNA or to detect and eradicate cells accumulating unrepaired DNA damage. In this review, we discuss recent findings on the role of Sp1 (specificity factor 1) in the detection and elimination of cells accumulating persistent DNA strand breaks. We also discuss how this mechanism may contribute to the maintenance of physiological populations of healthy cells in an organism, thus preventing cancer formation, and the possible application of these findings in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina S Loshchenova
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana V Sergeeva
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Sally C Fletcher
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation.,Institute for Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
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13
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Architecture of The Human Ape1 Interactome Defines Novel Cancers Signatures. Sci Rep 2020; 10:28. [PMID: 31913336 PMCID: PMC6949240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56981-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
APE1 is essential in cancer cells due to its central role in the Base Excision Repair pathway of DNA lesions and in the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in tumor progression/chemoresistance. Indeed, APE1 overexpression correlates with chemoresistance in more aggressive cancers, and APE1 protein-protein interactions (PPIs) specifically modulate different protein functions in cancer cells. Although important, a detailed investigation on the nature and function of protein interactors regulating APE1 role in tumor progression and chemoresistance is still lacking. The present work was aimed at analyzing the APE1-PPI network with the goal of defining bad prognosis signatures through systematic bioinformatics analysis. By using a well-characterized HeLa cell model stably expressing a flagged APE1 form, which was subjected to extensive proteomics analyses for immunocaptured complexes from different subcellular compartments, we here demonstrate that APE1 is a central hub connecting different subnetworks largely composed of proteins belonging to cancer-associated communities and/or involved in RNA- and DNA-metabolism. When we performed survival analysis in real cancer datasets, we observed that more than 80% of these APE1-PPI network elements is associated with bad prognosis. Our findings, which are hypothesis generating, strongly support the possibility to infer APE1-interactomic signatures associated with bad prognosis of different cancers; they will be of general interest for the future definition of novel predictive disease biomarkers. Future studies will be needed to assess the function of APE1 in the protein complexes we discovered. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD013368.
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14
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Shen R, Li Y, Yu L, Wu H, Cui R, Liu S, Song Y, Wang D. Ex vivo detection of cadmium-induced renal damage by using confocal Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900157. [PMID: 31407491 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal which is harmful to environment and organisms. The reabsorption of Cd in kidney leads it to be the main damaged organ in animals under the Cd exposure. In this work, we applied confocal Raman spectroscopy to map the pathological changes in situ in normal and Cd-exposed mice kidney. The renal tissue from Cd-exposed group displayed a remarkable decreasing in the intensity of typical peaks related to mitochondria, DNA, proteins and lipids. On the contrary, the peaks of collagen in Cd-exposed group elevated significantly. The components in each tissue were identified and distinguished by principal component analysis. Furthermore, all the biological investigations in this study were consistent with the Raman spectrum detection, which revealed the progression and degree of lesion induced by Cd. The confocal Raman spectroscopy provides a new perspective for in situ monitoring of substances changes in tissues, which exhibits more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of heavy metals in molecular toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Linghui Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haining Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanfeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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15
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Codrich M, Comelli M, Malfatti MC, Mio C, Ayyildiz D, Zhang C, Kelley MR, Terrosu G, Pucillo CEM, Tell G. Inhibition of APE1-endonuclease activity affects cell metabolism in colon cancer cells via a p53-dependent pathway. DNA Repair (Amst) 2019; 82:102675. [PMID: 31450087 PMCID: PMC7092503 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2019.102675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) involves different mechanisms, such as genomic and microsatellite instabilities. Recently, a contribution of the base excision repair (BER) pathway in CRC pathology has been emerged. In this context, the involvement of APE1 in the BER pathway and in the transcriptional regulation of genes implicated in tumor progression strongly correlates with chemoresistance in CRC and in more aggressive cancers. In addition, the APE1 interactome is emerging as an important player in tumor progression, as demonstrated by its interaction with Nucleophosmin (NPM1). For these reasons, APE1 is becoming a promising target in cancer therapy and a powerful prognostic and predictive factor in several cancer types. Thus, specific APE1 inhibitors have been developed targeting: i) the endonuclease activity; ii) the redox function and iii) the APE1-NPM1 interaction. Furthermore, mutated p53 is a common feature of advanced CRC. The relationship between APE1 inhibition and p53 is still completely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that the inhibition of the endonuclease activity of APE1 triggers p53-mediated effects on cell metabolism in HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. In particular, the inhibition of the endonuclease activity, but not of the redox function or of the interaction with NPM1, promotes p53 activation in parallel to sensitization of p53-expressing HCT-116 cell line to genotoxic treatment. Moreover, the endonuclease inhibitor affects mitochondrial activity in a p53-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrated that 3D organoids derived from CRC patients are susceptible to APE1-endonuclease inhibition in a p53-status correlated manner, recapitulating data obtained with HCT-116 isogenic cell lines. These findings suggest the importance of further studies aimed at testing the possibility to target the endonuclease activity of APE1 in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Codrich
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Marina Comelli
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Matilde Clarissa Malfatti
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Catia Mio
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Dilara Ayyildiz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mark R Kelley
- Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology & Toxicology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Giovanni Terrosu
- General Surgery and Transplantation Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Carlo E M Pucillo
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy
| | - Gianluca Tell
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and DNA Repair, Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, 33100, Italy.
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16
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Samavarchi Tehrani S, Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini H, Yousefi T, Abolghasemi M, Qujeq D, Maniati M, Amani J. The crosstalk between trace elements with DNA damage response, repair, and oxidative stress in cancer. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:1080-1105. [PMID: 30378148 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage response (DDR) is a regulatory system responsible for maintaining genome integrity and stability, which can sense and transduce DNA damage signals. The severity of damage appears to determine DDRs, which can include damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Furthermore, defective components in DNA damage and repair machinery are an underlying cause for the development and progression of various types of cancers. Increasing evidence indicates that there is an association between trace elements and DDR/repair mechanisms. In fact, trace elements seem to affect mediators of DDR. Besides, it has been revealed that oxidative stress (OS) and trace elements are associated with cancer development. In this review, we discuss the role of some critical trace elements in the risk of cancer. In addition, we provide a brief introduction on DDR and OS in cancer. Finally, we will further review the interactions between some important trace elements including selenium, zinc, chromium, cadmium, and arsenic, and DDR, and OS in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tooba Yousefi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maniati
- English Department, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Ferain A, Bonnineau C, Neefs I, De Saeyer N, Lemaire B, Cornet V, Larondelle Y, De Schamphelaere KAC, Debier C, Rees JF. Exploring the interactions between polyunsaturated fatty acids and cadmium in rainbow trout liver cells: a genetic and proteomic study. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 205:100-113. [PMID: 30352337 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have key biological roles in fish cells. We recently showed that the phospholipid composition of rainbow trout liver cells (RTL-W1 cell line) modulates their tolerance to an acute cadmium (Cd) challenge. Here, we investigated (i) the extent to which PUFAs and Cd impact fatty acid homeostasis and metabolism in these cells and (ii) possible mechanisms by which specific PUFAs may confer cytoprotection against Cd. First, RTL-W1 cells were cultivated for one week in growth media spiked with 50 μmol L-1 of either alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3), linoleic acid (LA, 18:2n-6) or arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4n-6) in order to modulate their fatty acid profile. Then, the cells were challenged with Cd (0, 50 or 100 μmol L-1) for 24 h prior to assaying viability, fatty acid profile, intracellular Cd content, proteomic landscape and expression levels of genes involved in fatty acid metabolism, synthesis of PUFA-derived signalling molecules and stress response. We observed that the fatty acid supply and, to a lesser extent, the exposure to Cd influenced cellular fatty acid homeostasis and metabolism. The cellular fatty acid composition of fish liver cells modulated their tolerance to an acute Cd challenge. Enrichments in ALA, EPA, and, to a lesser extent, AA conferred cytoprotection while enrichment in LA had no impact on cell viability. The present study ruled out the possibility that cytoprotection reflects a decreased Cd burden. Our results rather suggest that the PUFA-derived cytoprotection against Cd occurs through a reduction of the oxidative stress induced by Cd and a differential induction of the eicosanoid cascade, with a possible role of peroxiredoxin and glutaredoxin (antioxidant enzymes) as well as cytosolic phospholipase A2 (enzyme initiating the eicosanoid cascade).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Ferain
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Chloé Bonnineau
- Irstea, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, 5, 69625 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ineke Neefs
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nancy De Saeyer
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Lemaire
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Yvan Larondelle
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Karel A C De Schamphelaere
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Aquatic Ecology, Environmental Toxicology Unit, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Cathy Debier
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Rees
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 2/L7.05.08, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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18
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SIRT1 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 by upregulating DNA polymerase delta1 (POLD1). Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 502:351-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Barnes R, Eckert K. Maintenance of Genome Integrity: How Mammalian Cells Orchestrate Genome Duplication by Coordinating Replicative and Specialized DNA Polymerases. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8010019. [PMID: 28067843 PMCID: PMC5295014 DOI: 10.3390/genes8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise duplication of the human genome is challenging due to both its size and sequence complexity. DNA polymerase errors made during replication, repair or recombination are central to creating mutations that drive cancer and aging. Here, we address the regulation of human DNA polymerases, specifically how human cells orchestrate DNA polymerases in the face of stress to complete replication and maintain genome stability. DNA polymerases of the B-family are uniquely adept at accurate genome replication, but there are numerous situations in which one or more additional DNA polymerases are required to complete genome replication. Polymerases of the Y-family have been extensively studied in the bypass of DNA lesions; however, recent research has revealed that these polymerases play important roles in normal human physiology. Replication stress is widely cited as contributing to genome instability, and is caused by conditions leading to slowed or stalled DNA replication. Common Fragile Sites epitomize “difficult to replicate” genome regions that are particularly vulnerable to replication stress, and are associated with DNA breakage and structural variation. In this review, we summarize the roles of both the replicative and Y-family polymerases in human cells, and focus on how these activities are regulated during normal and perturbed genome replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Barnes
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
| | - Kristin Eckert
- Departments of Pathology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, The Jake Gittlen Laboratories for Cancer Research, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
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20
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Wang H, Dharmalingam P, Vasquez V, Mitra J, Boldogh I, Rao KS, Kent TA, Mitra S, Hegde ML. Chronic oxidative damage together with genome repair deficiency in the neurons is a double whammy for neurodegeneration: Is damage response signaling a potential therapeutic target? Mech Ageing Dev 2016; 161:163-176. [PMID: 27663141 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A foremost challenge for the neurons, which are among the most oxygenated cells, is the genome damage caused by chronic exposure to endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), formed as cellular respiratory byproducts. Strong metabolic activity associated with high transcriptional levels in these long lived post-mitotic cells render them vulnerable to oxidative genome damage, including DNA strand breaks and mutagenic base lesions. There is growing evidence for the accumulation of unrepaired DNA lesions in the central nervous system (CNS) during accelerated aging and progressive neurodegeneration. Several germ line mutations in DNA repair or DNA damage response (DDR) signaling genes are uniquely manifested in the phenotype of neuronal dysfunction and are etiologically linked to many neurodegenerative disorders. Studies in our lab and elsewhere revealed that pro-oxidant metals, ROS and misfolded amyloidogenic proteins not only contribute to genome damage in CNS, but also impede their repair/DDR signaling leading to persistent damage accumulation, a common feature in sporadic neurodegeneration. Here, we have reviewed recent advances in our understanding of the etiological implications of DNA damage vs. repair imbalance, abnormal DDR signaling in triggering neurodegeneration and potential of DDR as a target for the amelioration of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Prakash Dharmalingam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Velmarini Vasquez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panama; Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, AP, India; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joy Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - K S Rao
- Centre for Neuroscience, Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (INDICASAT AIP), City of Knowledge, Panama City, Panama
| | - Thomas A Kent
- Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine and Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sankar Mitra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA
| | - Muralidhar L Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, USA.
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21
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Nicolas E, Golemis EA, Arora S. POLD1: Central mediator of DNA replication and repair, and implication in cancer and other pathologies. Gene 2016; 590:128-41. [PMID: 27320729 PMCID: PMC4969162 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved human polymerase delta (POLD1) gene encodes the large p125 subunit which provides the essential catalytic activities of polymerase δ (Polδ), mediated by 5′–3′ DNA polymerase and 3′–5′ exonuclease moieties. POLD1 associates with three smaller subunits (POLD2, POLD3, POLD4), which together with Replication Factor C and Proliferating Nuclear Cell Antigen constitute the polymerase holoenzyme. Polδ function is essential for replication, with a primary role as the replicase for the lagging strand. Polδ also has an important proofreading ability conferred by the exonuclease activity, which is critical for ensuring replicative fidelity, but also serves to repair DNA lesions arising as a result of exposure to mutagens. Polδ has been shown to be important for multiple forms of DNA repair, including nucleotide excision repair, double strand break repair, base excision repair, and mismatch repair. A growing number of studies in the past decade have linked germline and sporadic mutations in POLD1 and the other subunits of Polδ with human pathologies. Mutations in Polδ in mice and humans lead to genomic instability, mutator phenotype and tumorigenesis. The advent of genome sequencing techniques has identified damaging mutations in the proofreading domain of POLD1 as the underlying cause of some inherited cancers, and suggested that mutations in POLD1 may influence therapeutic management. In addition, mutations in POLD1 have been identified in the developmental disorders of mandibular hypoplasia, deafness, progeroid features and lipodystrophy and atypical Werner syndrome, while changes in expression or activity of POLD1 have been linked to senescence and aging. Intriguingly, some recent evidence suggests that POLD1 function may also be altered in diabetes. We provide an overview of critical Polδ activities in the context of these pathologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Nicolas
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Erica A Golemis
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Sanjeevani Arora
- Program in Molecular Therapeutics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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22
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Poletto M, Legrand AJ, Fletcher SC, Dianov GL. p53 coordinates base excision repair to prevent genomic instability. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:3165-75. [PMID: 26773055 PMCID: PMC4838360 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA constantly undergoes chemical modification due to endogenous and exogenous mutagens. The DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway is the frontline mechanism handling the majority of these lesions, and primarily involves a DNA incision and subsequent resealing step. It is imperative that these processes are extremely well-coordinated as unrepaired DNA single strand breaks (SSBs) can be converted to DNA double strand breaks during replication thus triggering genomic instability. However, the mechanism(s) governing the BER process are poorly understood. Here we show that accumulation of unrepaired SSBs triggers a p53/Sp1-dependent downregulation of APE1, the endonuclease responsible for the DNA incision during BER. Importantly, we demonstrate that impaired p53 function, a characteristic of many cancers, leads to a failure of the BER coordination mechanism, overexpression of APE1, accumulation of DNA strand breaks and results in genomic instability. Our data provide evidence for a previously unrecognized mechanism for coordination of BER by p53, and its dysfunction in p53-inactivated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Poletto
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Arnaud J Legrand
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Sally C Fletcher
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK
| | - Grigory L Dianov
- CRUK & MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Department of Oncology, Old Road Campus Research Building, OX37DQ Oxford, UK Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrenteva 10, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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