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Yang Y, Zhou Y, Li X, He Y, Bai Y, Wang B, Chen S, Liu C. Transcriptome profiling reveals transcriptional regulation of Protegrin-1 on immune defense and development in porcine granulosa cells. Gene 2024; 890:147819. [PMID: 37741593 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Protegrin-1 (PG1) is an antimicrobial peptide (AMP) that has garnered increasing attention due to its potent immune defense activity. Our previous studies demonstrated the ability of PG1 to enhance proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of porcine granulosa cells (GCs) under oxidative stress. GCs play a crucial role in ovary follicular development. However, the specific function and underlying mechanisms of AMP in follicular development still need further elucidation. The present study aimed to comprehensively explore the biological effects of PG1 on porcine GCs using transcriptome profiling by RNA sequencing technology. Isolated GCs were incubated with or without PG1 for 24 h and transcriptome-wide analysis was exerted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The results of expression analysis revealed 1,235 DEGs, including 242 up-regulated genes and 993 down-regulated genes (|log2 (FoldChange)| > 1; adjusted P-value < 0.05). The expression levels of 7 selected DEGs were validated by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis, which was consistent with the RNA-sequencing data. Among the significant DEGs, several genes associated with GC function and ovarian follicle development were identified, such as estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2), growth and differentiation factor 6 (GDF6), cell division cycle 20 homolog (CDC20), Notch3, ephrin and Eph receptor system, Egl nine homolog 3 (EGLN3), and BCL2 like 14 (BCL2L14). Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that the top three significant GO terms were inflammatory response, defense response, and granulocyte migration. Additionally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis presented that DEGs were mainly enriched in the immune system, infectious disease, signaling molecules and interaction, and immune disease. Furthermore, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) predicted that the top activated pathway was Liver X Receptor (LXR)/ Retinoid X Receptor (RXR) Activation which is known to be associated with female reproduction. Predicted protein-protein interactions (PPIs) analysis identified complement C3 (C3) as the top node with the highest degree of network connection and revealed that DEGs in the sub-networks were involved in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and metabolic process. In conclusion, this study expanded the understanding of the effects of PG1 on porcine GCs at the transcriptomic level and provided a theoretical basis for further investigation into the role of PG1 in immune defense and mammalian ovarian follicular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Yang
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Yinlin He
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Yinshan Bai
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Bingyun Wang
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Shengfeng Chen
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Canying Liu
- Department of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China.
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Hashem NM, Essawi WM, El-Raghi AA. Ovarian activity, hormone profile, pro-inflammatory cytokines and reproductive performance of buffalo cows fed diets with different estrogenicity. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:1-12. [PMID: 37377415 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Buffalo cows play a vital role in milk and meat production; however, they are characterised by several reproductive disorders. Feeding diets with high oestrogenic activity may be a disrupting factor. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of feeding roughages with different oestrogenic activity on the reproductive performance of early postpartum buffalo cows. A total of 30 buffalo cows were equally stratified into two experimental groups and fed either Trifolium alexandrinum (Berseem clover, phytoestrogenic roughage) or corn silage (nonoestrogenic roughage) for 90 consecutive days. After 35 days from the beginning of the feeding treatments, buffalo cows in both groups were synchronized for oestrus using a double i.m. injection of 2 mL prostaglandin F2α , 11 days apart, subsequently, overt signs of oestrus were observed and recorded. Moreover, ovarian structures, numbers and sizes of follicles and corpora lutea, were ultrasonography examined at day-12 (represents Day 35 of feeding treatment), Day 0 (day of oestrus) and Day 11 after oestrous synchronization (mid-luteal phase). Pregnancy was diagnosed 35 days postinsemination. Blood serum samples were analysed for progesterone (P4 ), estradiol (E2 ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interlukein-1β (IL-1β) and nitric oxide (NO). The high performance liquid chromatography-analysis of roughages showed the abundance of isoflavones in Berseem clover, with about 58 times higher concentration than that in corn silage group. During the experimental period, the numbers of ovarian follicles of all size categories were higher in the Berseem clover group than that in the corn silage group. No significant difference in the numbers of corpora lutea was observed between both experimental groups, but lower (p < 0.05) diameter of corpus luteum was observed in the Berseem clover group than that in the corn silage group. The Berseem clover group had higher (p < 0.05) overall concentrations of blood serum E2 , IL-1β and TNF-α, but lower (p < 0.05) overall concentrations of blood serum P4 than those recorded in the corn silage group. Oestrous rate, onset of oestrus time and oestrous duration were not significantly affected by the treatment. The conception rate was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced in the Berseem clover group compared with that in the corn silage group. In conclusion, feeding roughage with a high oestrogenic activity such as Berseem clover can negatively affect the conception rate of buffalo cows. This reproductive loss seems to be associated with inadequate luteal function and P4 concentration during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrein M Hashem
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walaa M Essawi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ali A El-Raghi
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Wang X, Yuan P, Zeng M, Sun M, Wang X, Zheng X, Feng W. Allantoin Derived From Dioscorea opposita Thunb Ameliorates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Premature Ovarian Failure in Female Rats by Attenuating Apoptosis, Autophagy and Pyroptosis. Cureus 2023; 15:e50351. [PMID: 38089953 PMCID: PMC10713354 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Cyclophosphamide (CP) is widely used as a chemotherapy drug for the treatment of malignant tumors and autoimmune diseases, but it has strong toxic and side effects and can cause permanent damage to the ovaries, which affects women's quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the anti-premature ovarian failure protective effect of allantoin isolated from Dioscorea opposita Thunb. Methods Firstly, 75 mg/kg CP was injected into rats to establish an in vivo model of premature ovarian failure (POF). The POF rats were divided into the normal control group (NC), premature ovarian failure group (POF), and POF group treated with allantoin (ALL I 140 mg/kg and ALL II 70 mg/kg, daily 21 days). It investigated the estrous cycles, hormone levels, apoptosis rate, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitophagy, and protein marker (Bax, Bcl2, LC3B, L-1β, caspase-1 and NLRP3). Results The results indicated that allantoin alleviated cyclophosphamide-induced premature ovarian failure in female rats, decreased the anoestrum, increased the level of estradiol (E2), and decreased the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), decreased apoptosis rate, MMP, mitophagy and ROS in ovarian granulosa cells of POF rats, down-regulated L-1β, caspase-1, LC3B-II/LC3B-I in ovarian tissue, and up-regulated the Bcl2 and NLRP3. Conclusions Our study revealed the ovarian-protective effect of allantoin in CP-induced premature ovarian failure for the first time, the effect was achieved through attenuation of the apoptosis, autophagy, and pyroptosis. The study underlines the potential clinical application of allantoin as a protectant agent for premature ovarian failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Wang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Peipei Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Mengnan Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Mo Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Xiaoke Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
| | - Weisheng Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, CHN
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Yang C, Song G, Lim W. Effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals in pigs. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114505. [PMID: 32268228 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are compounds that interfere with the expression, synthesis, and activity of hormones in organisms. They are released into the environment from flame retardants and products containing plasticizers. Persistent pesticides, such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorobenzene, also disrupt the endocrine system through interaction with hormone receptors. Endogenous hormones, such as 17β-estradiol (E2), are released in the urine and feces of farm animals and seep into terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems through sewage. Pigs are widely used as animal models to determine the effects of EDCs because they are physiologically, biochemically, and histologically similar to humans. EDCs primarily disrupt the reproductive and nervous systems of pigs. Moreover, embryonic development during the prenatal and early postnatal periods is particularly sensitive to EDCs. Mycotoxins, such as zearalenone, are food contaminants that alter hormonal activities in pigs. Mycotoxins also alter the innate immune system in pigs, making them vulnerable to diseases. It has been reported that farm animals are exposed to various types of EDCs, which accumulate in tissues, such as those of gonads, livers, and intestines. There is a lack of an integrated understanding of the impact of EDCs on porcine reproduction and development. Thus, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of literature regarding the effects of EDCs in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changwon Yang
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.
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Levine LD, Kim K, Purdue-Smithe A, Sundaram R, Schisterman EF, Connell M, Devilbiss EA, Alkhalaf Z, Radoc JG, Buck Louis GM, Mumford SL. Urinary Phytoestrogens and Relationship to Menstrual Cycle Length and Variability Among Healthy, Eumenorrheic Women. J Endocr Soc 2019; 4:bvz003. [PMID: 32047868 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Phytoestrogens may influence fecundability, although biological mechanisms remain elusive. Since it is hypothesized that phytoestrogens may act through influencing hormone levels, we investigated associations between phytoestrogens and menstrual cycle length, a proxy for the hormonal milieu, in healthy women attempting pregnancy. Design A population-based prospective cohort of 326 women ages 18 to 40 with self-reported cycles of 21 to 42 days were followed until pregnancy or for 12 months of attempting pregnancy. Methods Urinary genistein, daidzein, O-desmethylangolensin, equol, enterodiol, and enterolactone were measured upon enrollment. Cycle length was determined from fertility monitors and daily journals. Linear mixed models assessed associations with continuous cycle length and were weighted by the inverse number of observed cycles. Logistic regression models assessed menstrual regularity (standard deviation > 75th vs ≤ 75th percentile). Models were adjusted for age, body mass index, race, creatinine, exercise, supplements, lipids, lead, cadmium, cotinine, parity, alcohol, and other phytoestrogens. Results Individual phytoestrogens were not associated with cycle length, although total phytoestrogens were associated with shorter cycles (-0.042 days; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.080 to -0.003, per 10% increase). Each 1 nmol/L increase in enterolactone (odds ratio [OR] 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.97) and total lignans (OR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.95) was associated with reduced irregularity, and each 1 nmol/L increase in genistein with irregularity (OR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.38). Conclusion Phytoestrogens were not meaningfully associated with cycle length but may be associated with menstrual regularity, among women with self-reported regular cycles. These results highlight differences between isoflavones and lignans and are reassuring for women attempting pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay D Levine
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Keewan Kim
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alexandra Purdue-Smithe
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Enrique F Schisterman
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthew Connell
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A Devilbiss
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Zeina Alkhalaf
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeannie G Radoc
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Sunni L Mumford
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Shao Y, Chen Z, Hollert H, Zhou S, Deutschmann B, Seiler TB. Toxicity of 10 organic micropollutants and their mixture: Implications for aquatic risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 666:1273-1282. [PMID: 30970492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Micropollutants, as a serious water pollution issue, raise considerable toxicological concerns, particularly when present as components of complex mixtures. Due to the interactions of environmental pollution components (contaminant), the micropollutant problem is increasingly complex, thus, water quality of organic chemical contamination assessed substance-by-substance might lead to underestimation in aquatic environmental risk assessment. To assess the aquatic environmental risk of micropollutants mixture, a total of 10 organic micropollutants were selected and analysed by an approach of integration of literature data, laboratory experiments and prediction techniques. The experiment results showed that all 10 micropollutants were capable of causing toxicity in zebrafish embryos, aquatic invertebrates and algae with the LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values from 1.14 mg/L to 14.37 mg/L. Triclosan, carbamazepine, diazinon and diuron were the most hazardous compounds in the Danube River and the Rhine River. The artificial mixture presented a strong antagonistic relationship, which demonstrated an independent action (IA) model of the mixture. Based on the observed toxicity data, the risk quotients (RQs) of environmental mixtures of the Danube River and the Rhine River were extrapolated. It can be concluded that the micropollutant mixture may pose a potential risk for aquatic ecosystems with the present environmentally measured concentrations in the Danube River and Rhine River. Mixture risk assessment results suggested that the toxicity of studied chemicals might be induced by dissimilar actions, which is in agreement with the mixture toxicity prediction of the IA model. The observed findings could be useful to establish an overview of the pressures, vision, measures and expectations for hazardous substances pollution, which can help in making to informed decisions to reduce the concentration and bioactive fraction of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shao
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Cell Toxicology, UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Zhongli Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Eco-environment, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Henner Hollert
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany; College of Resources and Environmental Science, Chongqing University, 174 Shazheng Road, Shapingba, Chongqing 400044, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, China
| | - Shangbo Zhou
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Björn Deutschmann
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas-Benjamin Seiler
- Institute for Environmental Research (Biology V), RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
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Xiao YQ, Shao D, Tong HB, Shi SR. Genistein increases progesterone secretion by elevating related enzymes in chicken granulosa cells. Poult Sci 2019; 98:1911-1917. [PMID: 30239854 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein, a biologically active isoflavone, exists in many soy products. It is well known that genistein binds to both oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and oestrogen receptor beta (ERβ), but it has a higher affinity to ERβ. Genistein can also bind to the G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30, also known as G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 or GPER). Furthermore, weak oestrogenic activity has been found in genistein, but the mechanism of action remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of genistein on the secretion of progesterone (P4) and oestradiol (E2) in chicken granulosa cells harvested from follicles, as well as the mRNA expression of ERs in these cells. In addition, we examined the expression of key enzymes including steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), cytochrome P450 side-chain cleavage (P450scc), and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) in the process of P4 synthesis. The results showed that genistein did not affect the viability of granulosa cells, nor was the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein changed. Among the 1-, 10-, 100-, and 1,000-nM concentrations tested, treatment with 1 nM genistein for 48 h significantly increased P4 but did not affect E2 secretion. Real-time PCR results showed that the ERβ gene expression in granulosa cells was markedly upregulated by 1 nM genistein treatment for 48 h, but there was no significant difference in ERα and GPR30 expression. Genistein also increased the gene expression of StAR, P450scc and 3β-HSD in the cultured granulosa cells. These results indicate that genistein acts directly on chicken granulosa cells to increase P4 production by upregulating the gene expression of key enzymes through binding in ERβ. It may exert positive effects on the reproduction of late-laying hens and act as an effective and safe feed additive for animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Xiao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.,Institute of Effective Evaluation of Feed and Feed Additive (Poultry Institute), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - D Shao
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.,Institute of Effective Evaluation of Feed and Feed Additive (Poultry Institute), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - H B Tong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.,Institute of Effective Evaluation of Feed and Feed Additive (Poultry Institute), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China
| | - S R Shi
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.,Institute of Effective Evaluation of Feed and Feed Additive (Poultry Institute), Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225125, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, China
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8
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Dong H, Wu G, Xu H, Zhang C, Wang J, Gao M, Pang Y, Zhang H, Zhang B, Tian Y, Li Q. N-acetylaminogalactosyl-decorated biodegradable PLGA-TPGS copolymer nanoparticles containing emodin for the active targeting therapy of liver cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:260-272. [PMID: 29914275 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1455055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Primary liver cancer (PLC) is one of the most common malignant tumours and has the third highest mortality rate worldwide. An active liver-targeting drug delivery system via the asialoglycoprotein receptors expressed in the hepatic parenchyma cells of mammals has become a research focus for the treatment of PLC. N-acetylaminogalactosyl-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-succinyl-D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (GalNAc-PLGA-sTPGS) was synthesized to achieve active liver-targeting properties. Emodin (EMO)-loaded GalNAc-PLGA-sTPGS nanoparticles (EGPTN) were prepared with EMO which was selected for its potential antitumour efficacy. The in vitro cellular uptake, mechanism, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis of HepG2 cells were analyzed. The in vivo therapeutic effects of EGPTN were assessed in a PLC mouse model. The results showed that GalNAc-PLGA-sTPGS was successfully synthesized. The cellular uptake assay demonstrated that coumarin 6-loaded GalNAc-PLGA-sTPGS nanoparticles had superior active liver-targeting properties. The results of the cytotoxity and apoptosis studies indicated that EGPTN achieved the highest levels of cytotoxicity and cell apoptotic rate among the nanoparticles examined. Furthermore, EGPTN showed better in vivo therapeutic effects and anticancer efficacy in the PLC mice than did the other groups. Therefore, EGPTN enhanced the anticancer effect of EMO both in vitro and in vivo, making it a potential option for the treatment of PLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Guoyu Wu
- b Department of Pharmaceutics , the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University , Dalian China
| | - Hong Xu
- c College of Basic Medical Sciences , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Chenghong Zhang
- c College of Basic Medical Sciences , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Jiao Wang
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Meng Gao
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Yue Pang
- d College of Life Science , Liaoning Normal University , Dalian , China
| | - Houli Zhang
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Baojing Zhang
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Yan Tian
- a College of Pharmacy , Dalian Medical University , Dalian , China
| | - Qingwei Li
- d College of Life Science , Liaoning Normal University , Dalian , China
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9
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Melatonin mitigates bisphenol A-induced estradiol production and proliferation by porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro. Anim Reprod Sci 2018. [PMID: 29523361 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin plays a crucial role in the amelioration of reproductive toxicity induced by endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, very few studies have investigated the mitigating effects of melatonin on BPA-induced dysfunction in porcine granulosa cells. In the present study, primary granulosa cells were cultured in serum-low conditions with bisphenol A (BPA) (10 μM) with or without melatonin (100 μM), followed by evaluation of estradiol synthesis and cell proliferation. Our results showed that BPA significantly increased estradiol concentration and granulosa cell proliferation. Interestingly, melatonin co-incubation reduced the high levels of estradiol in porcine ovarian granulosa cells induced by BPA stimulation. Furthermore, melatonin co-incubation also attenuated BPA-induced proliferation as shown by a decline in the Ki67-positive cell ratio and PCNA expression level. However, treatment with melatonin-alone did not dramatically reduce estradiol levels or expression of proliferative regulatory protein markers (Ki67, PCNA). We hypothesize that the regulation by melatonin of estradiol biosynthesis and cellular proliferation is highly correlated with BPA stimulation. In conclusion, this study first showed that melatonin mitigated BPA-induced estradiol increase and proliferation in porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro. Our results suggest that melatonin may be a promising pharmacologic agent for preventing the potential reproductive toxicity caused by endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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Rajan RK, M. SSK, Balaji B. Soy isoflavones exert beneficial effects on letrozole-induced rat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model through anti-androgenic mechanism. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:242-251. [PMID: 27927075 PMCID: PMC6130471 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1258425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Soy is the main source of phytoestrogens, which has long been used as traditional food. One major subtype of phytoestrogens includes isoflavones and they are scientifically validated for their beneficial actions on many hormone-dependent conditions. OBJECTIVE The present study examines the effect of soy isoflavones on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS PCOS was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with of 1 mg/kg letrozole, p.o. once daily for 21 consecutive days. Soy isoflavones (50 and 100 mg/kg) was administered for 14 days after PCOS induction. Physical parameters (body weight, oestrous cycle determination, ovary and uterus weight) metabolic parameters (oral glucose tolerance test, total cholesterol), steroidal hormone profile (testosterone and 17β-oestradiol), steroidogenic enzymes (3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β-HSD), oxidative stress and histopathology of ovary were studied. RESULTS Soy isoflavones (100 mg/kg) treatment significantly altered the letrozole-induced PCOS symptoms as observed by decreased body weight gain (p < 0.05), percentage diestrous phase (p < 0.001), testosterone (p < 0.001), 3β-HSD (p < 0.01) and 17β-HSD (p < 0.001) enzyme activity and oxidative stress. Histological results reveal that soy isoflavones treatment in PCOS rats resulted in well-developed antral follicles and normal granulosa cell layer in rat ovary. DISCUSSION Treatment with soy isoflavones exerts beneficial effects in PCOS rats (with decreased aromatase activity) which might be due to their ability to decrease testosterone concentration in the peripheral blood. CONCLUSION Analysis of physical, biochemical and histological evidences shows that soy isoflavones may be beneficial in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Rajan
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Siva Selva Kumar M.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Bhaskar Balaji
- Department of Pharmacology, PSG College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Monsefi M, Nadi A, Alinejad Z. The effects of Salvia officinalis L. on granulosa cells and in vitro maturation of oocytes in mice. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.10.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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12
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Piasecka-Srader J, Sadowska A, Nynca A, Orlowska K, Jablonska M, Jablonska O, Petroff BK, Ciereszko RE. The combined effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and the phytoestrogen genistein on steroid hormone secretion, AhR and ERβ expression and the incidence of apoptosis in granulosa cells of medium porcine follicles. J Reprod Dev 2015; 62:103-13. [PMID: 26568065 PMCID: PMC4768784 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2015-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low doses of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) used in combination may act in a manner different from
that of individual compounds. The objective of the study was to examine in vitro effects of
low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD; 100 pM) and genistein (500 nM) on: 1)
progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) secretion (48 h); 2) dynamic changes in aryl
hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA and protein expression (1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h); 3) dynamic changes in estrogen
receptor β (ERβ) mRNA and protein expression (1, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h); and 4) induction of apoptosis in porcine
granulosa cells derived from medium follicles (3, 6 and 24 h). TCDD had no effect on P4 or
E2 production, but potentiated the inhibitory effect of genistein on P4 production. In
contrast to the individual treatments which did not produce any effects, TCDD and genistein administered
together decreased ERβ and AhR protein expression in granulosa cells. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of TCDD
on AhR mRNA expression was abolished by genistein. The treatments did not induce apoptosis in the cells. In
summary, combined effects of low concentrations of TCDD and genistein on follicular function of pigs differed
from that of individual compounds. The results presented in the current paper clearly indicate that effects
exerted by low doses of EDCs applied in combination must be taken into consideration when studying potential
risk effects of EDCs on biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Piasecka-Srader
- Department of Animal Physiology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
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Mansouri-Attia N, James R, Ligon A, Li X, Pangas SA. Soy promotes juvenile granulosa cell tumor development in mice and in the human granulosa cell tumor-derived COV434 cell line. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:100. [PMID: 25165122 PMCID: PMC4435027 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.120899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soy attracts attention for its health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol or preventing breast and colon cancer. Soybeans contain isoflavones, which act as phytoestrogens. Even though isoflavones have beneficial health effects, a role for isoflavones in the initiation and progression of diseases including cancer is becoming increasingly recognized. While data from rodent studies suggest that neonatal exposure to genistein (the predominant isoflavone in soy) disrupts normal reproductive function, its role in ovarian cancers, particularly granulosa cell tumors (GCT), is largely unknown. Our study aimed to define the contribution of a soy diet in GCT development using a genetically modified mouse model for juvenile GCTs (JGCT; Smad1 Smad5 conditional double knockout mice) as well as a human JGCT cell line (COV434). While dietary soy cannot initiate JGCT development in mice, we show that it has dramatic effects on GCT growth and tumor progression compared to a soy-free diet. Loss of Smad1 and Smad5 alters estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) expression in granulosa cells, perhaps sensitizing the cells to the effects of genistein. In addition, we found that genistein modulates estrogen receptor expression in the human JGCT cell line and positively promotes cell growth in part by suppressing caspase-dependent apoptosis. Combined, our work suggests that dietary soy consumption has deleterious effects on GCT development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca James
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alysse Ligon
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephanie A Pangas
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Carvacho HB, Pérez C, Zúñiga G, Mahn A. Effect of methyl jasmonate, sodium selenate and chitosan as exogenous elicitors on the phenolic compounds profile of broccoli sprouts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:2555-61. [PMID: 24497113 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Broccoli sprouts are a good source of secondary metabolites, exhibiting biological activity, such as polyphenols, whose concentration is affected by the exposure to exogenous elicitors. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of sodium selenate, chitosan and methyl jasmonate, applied directly to the seeds or through irrigation, on the content and profile of phenolic compounds in broccoli sprouts. The effect on antioxidant activity was also investigated. RESULTS Methyl jasmonate and chitosan decreased antioxidant capacity. Methyl jasmonate significantly decreased total polyphenols content in comparison with control sprouts, while chitosan significantly increased it. Sodium selenate had no statistical effect on antioxidant capacity and total polyphenols concentration. The polyphenols profile in sprouts was composed by quercetin, morine, genisteine, luteoline and sinapic acid. Elicitor type and concentration affected the synthesis of these compounds. Chitosan stimulated the synthesis of quercetin, sinapic acid and morine, whereas methyl jasmonate stimulated the synthesis of luteoline. Sodium selenate had no effect on polyphenols synthesis. CONCLUSION The exposure of broccoli to the elicitors produced changes in the phenolic compounds profile of broccoli sprouts. Besides, the stimulation of phenolic compounds synthesis was elicitor-specific, thus opening the possibility of managing culture conditions to increase the content of a specific phenolic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herna Barrientos Carvacho
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 3363, Estación Central, Santiago, 9170019, Chile
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Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and phytoestrogen genistein on the activity and the presence of steroidogenic enzyme proteins in cultured granulosa cells of pigs. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 148:171-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhu X, Jin Y, Shan W, Huang Y. Mechanism Study of Cellular Uptake and Tight Junction Opening Mediated by Goblet Cell-Specific Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1520-32. [PMID: 24673570 DOI: 10.1021/mp400685v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Nynca A, Swigonska S, Piasecka J, Kolomycka A, Kaminska B, Radziewicz-Pigiel M, Gut-Nagel M, Ciereszko RE. Biochanin A affects steroidogenesis and estrogen receptor-β expressionin porcine granulosa cells. Theriogenology 2013; 80:821-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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