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Feng B. Gaming with health misinformation: a social capital-based study of corrective information sharing factors in social media. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1351820. [PMID: 38699427 PMCID: PMC11063368 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1351820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Correction is an important tool to reduce the negative impact of health misinformation on social media. In the era of "I share, therefore I am" social media, users actively share corrective information to achieve the "anti-convincing" effect of health misinformation. Focusing on the local Chinese context, this study constructs a structural equation model using social capital as a mediating variable to explore whether usage of Chinese users' social media can promote corrective information sharing by influencing the structural, cognitive, and relational dimensions of social capital and the role of health literacy in corrective information sharing. It was found that social media use did not significantly affect corrective information share willingness but significantly influenced share willingness through social interaction connections, trust, and shared experiences, and share willingness significantly influenced sharing behavior. The moderating effect showed that health literacy played a significant moderating effect in the influence of corrective information share willingness on sharing behavior. This study introduces the three dimensions of social capital at the theoretical level and finds that users will share corrective information for the purpose of social capital accumulation. It also provides empirical evidence for specific practices, including improving users' health literacy and actively mobilizing them to participate in the blocking and management of health misinformation in social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobo Feng
- School of Journalism and Media, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
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2
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Waters AR, Easterly CW, Turner C, Ghazal L, Tovar I, Mulvaney M, Poquadeck M, Rains SA, Cloyes KG, Kirchhoff AC, Kent EE, Warner EL. LGBTQ+ inequity in crowdfunding cancer costs: The influence of online reach and LGBTQ+ state policy. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6926. [PMID: 38275010 PMCID: PMC10905337 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging literature suggests that LGBTQ+ cancer survivors are more likely to experience financial burden than non-LGBTQ+ survivors. However, LGBTQ+ cancer survivors experience with cost-coping behaviors such as crowdfunding is understudied. METHODS We aimed to assess LGBTQ+ inequity in cancer crowdfunding by combining community-engaged and technology-based methods. Crowdfunding campaigns were web-scraped from GoFundMe and classified as cancer-related and LGBTQ+ or non-LGBTQ+ using term dictionaries. Bivariate analyses and generalized linear models were used to assess differential effects in total goal amount raised by LGBTQ+ status. Stratified models were run by online reach and LGBTQ+ inclusivity of state policy. RESULTS A total of N = 188,342 active cancer-related crowdfunding campaigns were web-scraped from GoFundMe in November 2022, of which N = 535 were LGBTQ+ and ranged from 2014 to 2022. In multivariable models of recent campaigns (2019-2022), LGBTQ+ campaigns raised $1608 (95% CI: -2139, -1077) less than non-LGBTQ+ campaigns. LGBTQ+ campaigns with low (26-45 donors), moderate (46-87 donors), and high (88-240 donors) online reach raised on average $1152 (95% CI: -$1589, -$716), $1050 (95% CI: -$1737, -$364), and $2655 (95% CI: -$4312, -$998) less than non-LGBTQ+ campaigns respectively. When stratified by LGBTQ+ inclusivity of state level policy states with anti-LGBTQ+ policy/lacking equitable policy raised on average $1910 (95% CI: -2640, -1182) less than non-LGBTQ+ campaigns from the same states. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our findings revealed LGBTQ+ inequity in cancer-related crowdfunding, suggesting that LGBTQ+ cancer survivors may be less able to address financial burden via crowdfunding in comparison to non-LGBTQ+ cancer survivors-potentially widening existing economic inequities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin R. Waters
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
- Cancer Control and Population SciencesHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Caleb W. Easterly
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Cindy Turner
- College of NursingUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Lauren Ghazal
- Crowdfunding Cancer Costs (C3) LGBTQ+ Study Advisory BoardHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- School of NursingUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Ida Tovar
- College of NursingUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Megan Mulvaney
- Crowdfunding Cancer Costs (C3) LGBTQ+ Study Advisory BoardHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- School of Public HealthIndiana University BloomingtonBloomingtonIndianaUSA
| | - Matt Poquadeck
- Crowdfunding Cancer Costs (C3) LGBTQ+ Study Advisory BoardHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Wilmot Cancer InstituteUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Stephen A. Rains
- Department of CommunicationUniversity of ArizonaTucsonArizonaUSA
| | - Kristin G. Cloyes
- School of NursingOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA
| | - Anne C. Kirchhoff
- Cancer Control and Population SciencesHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Utah School of MedicineSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Erin E. Kent
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Echo L. Warner
- Cancer Control and Population SciencesHuntsman Cancer Institute at the University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- College of NursingUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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3
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Zhang X, Tao X, Ji B, Wang R, Sörensen S. The Success of Cancer Crowdfunding Campaigns: Project and Text Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e44197. [PMID: 36692283 PMCID: PMC10024214 DOI: 10.2196/44197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have analyzed the factors that contribute to variations in the success of crowdfunding campaigns for a specific cancer type; however, little is known about the influential factors among crowdfunding campaigns for multiple cancers. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between project features and the success of cancer crowdfunding campaigns and to determine whether text features affect campaign success for various cancers. METHODS Using cancer-related crowdfunding projects on the GoFundMe website, we transformed textual descriptions from the campaigns into structured data using natural language processing techniques. Next, we used penalized logistic regression and correlation analyses to examine the influence of project and text features on fundraising project outcomes. Finally, we examined the influence of campaign description sentiment on crowdfunding success using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software. RESULTS Campaigns were significantly more likely to be successful if they featured a lower target amount (Goal amount, β=-1.949, z score=-82.767, P<.001) for fundraising, a higher number of previous donations, agency (vs individual) organizers, project pages containing updates, and project pages containing comments from readers. The results revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between the length of the text and the amount of funds raised. In addition, more spelling mistakes negatively affected the funds raised (Number of spelling errors, β=-1.068, z score=-38.79, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Difficult-to-treat cancers and high-mortality cancers tend to trigger empathy from potential donors, which increases the funds raised. Gender differences were observed in the effects of emotional words in the text on the amount of funds raised. For cancers that typically occur in women, links between emotional words used and the amount of funds raised were weaker than for cancers typically occurring among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupin Zhang
- Department of Information Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinqi Tao
- Department of Information Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingxiang Ji
- Department of Information Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renwu Wang
- Department of Information Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Silvia Sörensen
- Warner School of Education and Human Development, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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Zhang T, Zhang Q, Jiang R, Gao T, Yang M. Online users’ donation behavior to medical crowdfunding projects: Mediating analysis of social presence and perceived differences in trust. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1008494. [PMID: 36248597 PMCID: PMC9554498 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1008494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceived trust is a key factor affecting the behavior to donate online. In order to further explore the factors and influencing mechanisms that affect the success of medical crowdfunding projects, this paper, combined with the Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) theory, introduces the mediating variable of social presence and perceived differences in trust, and constructs a model of online users’ donation behavior to medical crowdfunding projects. We collected 437 valid samples through a questionnaire survey, and processed the data with SPSS and Amos software to test and analyze the theoretical model. The research results showed that project description and user participation have a significant positive effect on social presence; project transparency and patient identity have a significant negative effect on perceived differences in trust; social presence has a positive effect on donation behavior, while the perceived difference in trust has a negative effect; social presence and perceived differences in trust play a mediating role respectively; there is no significant effect of patient status on social presence. This study further expands the application of social presence and perceived differences in trust in medical crowdfunding, and provides a theoretical basis for the success of medical crowdfunding projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- School of Information, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Information, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Rong Jiang
- Intelligent Application Research Institute, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tilei Gao
- School of Information, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Information, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Yang,
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Grassi L, Fantaccini S. An overview of Fintech applications to solve the puzzle of health care funding: state-of-the-art in medical crowdfunding. FINANCIAL INNOVATION 2022; 8:84. [PMID: 36158456 PMCID: PMC9483272 DOI: 10.1186/s40854-022-00388-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Crowdfunding is emerging as an alternative form of funding for medical purposes, with capital being raised directly from a broader and more diverse audience of investors. In this paper, we have systematically researched and reviewed the literature on medical crowdfunding to determine how crowdfunding connects with the health care industry. The health care industry has been struggling to develop sustainable research and business models for economic systems and investors alike, especially in pharmaceuticals. The research results have revealed a wealth of evidence concerning the way crowdfunding is applied in real life. Patients and caregivers utilize web platform-based campaigns all over the world to fund their medical expenses, generally on a spot basis, using donation-based or even reward-based schemes, regardless of the health care system archetype (public, private insurance-based or hybrid). Academics have also focused on funding campaigns and the predictors of success (which range from social behaviour and environment to the basic demographics of the campaigners and their diseases) and on social and regulatory concerns, including heightened social inequality and stigma. While equity crowdfunding is disrupting the way many ventures/businesses seek capital in the market, our research indicates that there are no relevant or consistent data on the practice of medical equity crowdfunding in health care, apart from a few anecdotal cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grassi
- School of Management, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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6
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Exploring the endorsement effect on scientific crowdfunding performance: Evidence from Experiment.com. TELEMATICS AND INFORMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2022.101872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Li W, Yang D, Sun Y. Analysis of text factors impacting donation behavior in public welfare crowdfunding projects. HUMAN SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/hsm-220024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The textual description of a public service crowdfunding project is an important factor influencing the audience’s donation behavior, but the existing studies on the textual characteristics of the project are rather scattered. OBJECTIVE: This paper attempts to systematically sort out the characteristics of project texts along the lines of linguistic and non-linguistic factors, clarifying the relationship between the characteristics of project texts, project sources, and social donation behavior. METHODS: Based on Aristotle’s persuasion theory, language factors are measured from three dimensions of appeal to personality, appeal to logic, and appeal to emotion, while other text features unrelated to persuasive language are classified as non-language factors. When discussing the influence path of linguistic and non-linguistic factors on donation behavior, this paper controls the project type to test the moderating role played by the identity characteristics of crowdfunding initiators. RESULTS: The results show that the use of personality-based language (third-person words), logic-based language (money words and quantitative words), and emotion-based language (tone of voice and negative emotions) all have a significant positive effect on the audience’s donation behavior, while the use of second-person words in personality-based language has a negative effect on donation behavior; the identity of the project initiator (project origin) plays a complex and diverse moderating role in the influence of project text features on donation behavior. CONCLUSION: There are obvious differences in the description of different text strategies adopted by the project initiator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongshan Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
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8
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Kpokiri EE, Sri-Pathmanathan C, Shrestha P, Navaid S, Wiwatpanit T, Wijegunawardana A, Ali Umar M, Jackson D, Alger J, Bohren MA, Hoole M, Labarda M, Juban N, Launois P, Tang W, Halpaap B, Tucker JD. Crowdfunding for health research: a qualitative evidence synthesis and a pilot programme. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:bmjgh-2022-009110. [PMID: 35896184 PMCID: PMC9334694 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2022-009110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) researchers have disadvantages when applying for research grants. Crowdfunding may help LMIC researchers to fund their research. Crowdfunding organises large groups of people to make small contributions to support a research study. This manuscript synthesises global qualitative evidence and describes a Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) crowdfunding pilot for LMIC researchers. Methods Our global systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis searched six databases for qualitative data. We used a thematic synthesis approach and assessed our findings using the GRADE-CERQual approach. Building on the review findings, we organised a crowdfunding pilot to support LMIC researchers and use crowdfunding. The pilot provided an opportunity to assess the feasibility of crowdfunding for infectious diseases of poverty research in resource-constrained settings. Results Nine studies were included in the qualitative evidence synthesis. We identified seven findings which we organised into three broad domains: public engagement strategies, correlates of crowdfunding success and risks and mitigation strategies. Our pilot data suggest that crowdfunding is feasible in diverse LMIC settings. Three researchers launched crowdfunding campaigns, met their goals and received substantial monetary (raising a total of US$26 546 across all three campaigns) and non-monetary contributions. Two researchers are still preparing for the campaign launch due to COVID-19-related difficulties. Conclusion Public engagement provides a foundation for effective crowdfunding for health research. Our evidence synthesis and pilot data provide practical strategies for LMIC researchers to engage the public and use crowdfunding. A practical guide was created to facilitate these activities across multiple settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eneyi Edith Kpokiri
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Priyanka Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington State, USA
| | - Sana Navaid
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina System, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Asha Wijegunawardana
- Department of Bioprocess Technology, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Mihintale, Sri Lanka
| | - Mahmud Ali Umar
- Department of Biology, Kano University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Debra Jackson
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jackeline Alger
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hospital Escuela; Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.,Instituto de Enfermedades Infecciosas Parasitología Antonio Vidal, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Meghan A Bohren
- Centre for Health Equity, University of Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mia Hoole
- Because Stories, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Meredith Labarda
- Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila School of Health Sciences, Palo, Philippines
| | - Noel Juban
- Department of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila School of Health Sciences, Palo, Philippines
| | - Pascal Launois
- Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Weiming Tang
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beatrice Halpaap
- Special Programme for Research & Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Joseph D Tucker
- Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Liu Q, Wang L, Zhou J, Wu W, Li Y. Factors Influencing Donation Intention to Personal Medical Crowdfunding Projects Appearing on MSNS. J ORGAN END USER COM 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/joeuc.287572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This purpose of this study is to develop a research model by extending the theory of planned behavior in a new application context, and applies it to investigate the extrinsic factors influencing people’s attitude towards donating to medical crowdfunding projects appearing on mobile social networking sites (MSNS) and their intention to donate. A survey of 356 Chinese users was conducted and structural equation modeling was used to validate the proposed model and hypotheses. The results indicate that project information, retweeter information and MSNS information all have the significant effect on the general attitude towards donating to medical crowdfunding projects, and general attitude positively affects people’s donation intention. In addition, perceived behavioral control also has positive effect on people’s donation intention, while experienced donating to medical crowdfunding projects has negative effect on people’s donation intention. The research findings provide important theoretical and practical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wei Wu
- Huanghuai University, China & Hainan University, China
| | - Yiran Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, China
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10
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Ba Z, Zhao Y, Song S, Zhu Q. Does the involvement of charities matter? Exploring the impact of charities’ reputation and social capital on medical crowdfunding performance. Inf Process Manag 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2022.102942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Takahashi S. Editorial Comment to Successful establishment of crowdfunding to develop new diagnostic tools for chronic prostatitis. Int J Urol 2022; 29:602-603. [PMID: 35342991 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Takahashi
- Department of Urology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Hou X, Wu T, Chen Z, Zhou L. Success Factors of Medical Crowdfunding Campaigns: Systematic Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30189. [PMID: 35315779 PMCID: PMC8984822 DOI: 10.2196/30189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical crowdfunding provides opportunities for individuals who lack financial resources to access the health services that they need. Despite the popularity of medical crowdfunding, the current understanding of the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns is fragmented and inadequate. Objective We aimed to comprehensively investigate which factors lead to the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns. Methods A search was conducted in PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ACM Digital Library, and ScienceDirect from 2010 to June 2020. Papers directly and indirectly related to the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns were included. Two reviewers independently extracted information on the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns. Results Our search yielded 441 articles, of which 13 met the inclusion criteria. Medical crowdfunding is increasingly attracting academic attention, and most studies leverage text analysis as their research methods; however, there is a lack of consensus on the definition of medical crowdfunding among researchers. Four categories of factors that affect the success of medical crowdfunding were identified: platforms, raisers, donors, and campaigns. Conclusions Although some limitations exist in our systematic review, our study captured and mapped literatures of the success of medical crowdfunding campaigns systematically, which can be used as the basis for future research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hou
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tailai Wu
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Economics, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo, China.,Department of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Liqin Zhou
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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13
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Zhou J, Yao Y, Li Y, Wu J, Liu Q. Medical Crowdfunding Campaign Sharing Behaviour on Mobile Social Media. J ORGAN END USER COM 2022. [DOI: 10.4018/joeuc.309988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study explores factors influencing the sharing behaviour of medical crowdfunding campaigns on mobile social media regarding retweeter and retweeted text features from the social influence perspective and verifies the moderating effect of potential supporter donations. Two scenario-based surveys of medical crowdfunding users are conducted in China. The first (524 samples) and second (510 samples) surveys emphasize scenarios without and with retweeted text, respectively. These surveys are tested by PLS-SEM and suggest that the credibility of retweeters and the strength of their relationship with supporters can positively promote potential supporters' sharing behaviour, regardless of whether retweeters provide retweeted text. Three features of retweeted text significantly influence medical crowdfunding sharing behaviour. Retweeted text can promote sharing behaviour among individuals. With retweeted text available, if potential supporters donate before sharing the campaign, then the influences of retweeter and retweeted text features can be increased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yiran Li
- Zhejiang University of Technology, China and Macquarie University, Australia
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14
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Zhang F, Xue B, Li Y, Li H, Liu Q. Effect of Textual Features on the Success of Medical Crowdfunding: Model Development and Econometric Analysis from the Tencent Charity Platform. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e22395. [PMID: 34114959 PMCID: PMC8235274 DOI: 10.2196/22395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medical crowdfunding utilizes the internet to raise medical funds. Medical crowdfunding has developed rapidly worldwide; however, most medical crowdfunding projects fail to raise the targeted funds. Therefore, a very important research problem that has not received sufficient attention from the existing literature is identifying which factors affect the success of medical crowdfunding projects. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the effect of textual features of medical crowdfunding projects on their success rate using 4903 real projects from the Tencent Charity platform, a well-known medical crowdfunding platform in China. In particular, according to Aristotle’s theory of persuasion, we divided the project text of medical crowdfunding into the project title and project details, which were analyzed from two perspectives (existence and extent) to explore their respective impacts. Methods We established a research framework to meet our research goals. The process was divided into five main parts. We first collected data from Tencent Charity using Python programs and cleaned the datasets. Second, we selected variables and built the research model based on previous studies and the theory of persuasion. Next, the selected variables were extracted from the project text. We then performed econometric analysis using multiple regression analysis. Finally, we evaluated the results of econometric analysis to extract knowledge. Results In the project title, the presence of the patient’s disease (P=.04) and occupation (P=.01) had a positive impact on the success rate of fundraising, whereas the presence of age (P<.001), gender (P=.001), and negative emotions (P=.04) had a negative impact. In the project details, the presence of the patient’s occupation (P=.01), monetary evidence (P=.02), and negative emotions (P=.04) played a positive role in the fundraising success rate, whereas the presence of age (P<.001) and positive emotions (P<.001) played a negative role. Moreover, in the project details, high-frequency monetary evidence (P=.02) and negative words (P=.02), as well as a short narrative length (P=.01) were conducive to succeeding in medical crowdfunding. Younger patients were more likely to obtain a higher success rate in medical crowdfunding. For patients whose occupations were national civil servant, professional skill worker, clerk, business and service worker, solider, child, student, and public-spirited person, the success rate of fundraising decreased sequentially. Conclusions This study collected 4903 valid data from Tencent Charity, and identified which factors in the project text play an important role in the success rate of medical crowdfunding from the perspective of existence and extent. We found that in addition to the project details, the features of the project title also have an important impact on the success rate of fundraising. These findings provide important theoretical and managerial implications for medical crowdfunding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuguo Zhang
- School of Information Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bingyu Xue
- School of Information Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yiran Li
- School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Information Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qihua Liu
- School of Management, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Bour C, Ahne A, Schmitz S, Perchoux C, Dessenne C, Fagherazzi G. The Use of Social Media for Health Research Purposes: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e25736. [PMID: 34042593 PMCID: PMC8193478 DOI: 10.2196/25736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As social media are increasingly used worldwide, more and more scientists are relying on them for their health-related projects. However, social media features, methodologies, and ethical issues are unclear so far because, to our knowledge, there has been no overview of this relatively young field of research. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to provide an evidence map of the different uses of social media for health research purposes, their fields of application, and their analysis methods. METHODS We followed the scoping review methodologies developed by Arksey and O'Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute. After developing search strategies based on keywords (eg, social media, health research), comprehensive searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. We limited the search strategies to documents written in English and published between January 1, 2005, and April 9, 2020. After removing duplicates, articles were screened at the title and abstract level and at the full text level by two independent reviewers. One reviewer extracted data, which were descriptively analyzed to map the available evidence. RESULTS After screening 1237 titles and abstracts and 407 full texts, 268 unique papers were included, dating from 2009 to 2020 with an average annual growth rate of 32.71% for the 2009-2019 period. Studies mainly came from the Americas (173/268, 64.6%, including 151 from the United States). Articles used machine learning or data mining techniques (60/268) to analyze the data, discussed opportunities and limitations of the use of social media for research (59/268), assessed the feasibility of recruitment strategies (45/268), or discussed ethical issues (16/268). Communicable (eg, influenza, 40/268) and then chronic (eg, cancer, 24/268) diseases were the two main areas of interest. CONCLUSIONS Since their early days, social media have been recognized as resources with high potential for health research purposes, yet the field is still suffering from strong heterogeneity in the methodologies used, which prevents the research from being compared and generalized. For the field to be fully recognized as a valid, complementary approach to more traditional health research study designs, there is now a need for more guidance by types of applications of social media for health research, both from a methodological and an ethical perspective. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040671.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Bour
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Adrian Ahne
- Inserm U1018, Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Paris Saclay University, Villejuif, France.,Epiconcept, Paris, France
| | - Susanne Schmitz
- Competence Centre for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Camille Perchoux
- Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Coralie Dessenne
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Fagherazzi
- Department of Population Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
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Ba Z, Zhao Y(C, Song S, Zhu Q. Understanding the determinants of online medical crowdfunding project success in China. Inf Process Manag 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ipm.2020.102465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Schucht P, Roccaro-Waldmeyer DM, Murek M, Zubak I, Goldberg J, Falk S, Dahlweid FM, Raabe A. Exploring Novel Funding Strategies for Innovative Medical Research: The HORAO Crowdfunding Campaign. J Med Internet Res 2020; 22:e19715. [PMID: 33174857 PMCID: PMC7688388 DOI: 10.2196/19715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The rise of the internet and social media has boosted online crowdfunding as a novel strategy to raise funds for kick-starting projects, but it is rarely used in science. Objective We report on an online crowdfunding campaign launched in the context of the neuroscience project HORAO. The aim of HORAO was to develop a noninvasive real-time method to visualize neuronal fiber tracts during brain surgery in order to better delineate tumors and to identify crucial cerebral landmarks. The revenue from the crowdfunding campaign was to be used to sponsor a crowdsourcing campaign for the HORAO project. Methods We ran a 7-week reward-based crowdfunding campaign on a national crowdfunding platform, offering optional material and experiential rewards in return for a contribution toward raising our target of Swiss francs (CHF) 50,000 in financial support (roughly equivalent to US $50,000 at the time of the campaign). We used various owned media (websites and social media), as well as earned media (press releases and news articles) to raise awareness about our project. Results The production of an explanatory video took 60 hours, and 31 posts were published on social media (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter). The campaign raised a total of CHF 69,109. Approximately half of all donations came from donors who forwent a reward (CHF 28,786, 48.74%); the other half came from donors who chose experiential and material rewards in similar proportions (CHF 14,958, 25.33% and CHF 15,315.69, 25.93%, respectively). Of those with an identifiable relationship to the crowdfunding team, patients and their relatives contributed the largest sum (CHF 17,820, 30.17%), followed by friends and family (CHF 9288, 15.73%) and work colleagues (CHF 6028, 10.21%), while 43.89% of funds came from donors who were either anonymous or had an unknown relationship to the crowdfunding team. Patients and their relatives made the largest donations, with a median value of CHF 200 (IQR 90). Conclusions Crowdfunding proved to be a successful strategy to fund a neuroscience project and to raise awareness of a specific clinical problem. Focusing on potential donors with a personal interest in the issue, such as patients and their relatives in our project, is likely to increase funding success. Compared with traditional grant applications, new skills are needed to explain medical challenges to the crowd through video messages and social media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Schucht
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Diana M Roccaro-Waldmeyer
- Insel Data Science Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Directorate of Technology and Innovation, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Michael Murek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Irena Zubak
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Goldberg
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Falk
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fried-Michael Dahlweid
- Insel Data Science Center, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,DXC Technology, Tysons, VA, United States
| | - Andreas Raabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Dal-Ré R, Palau F, Guillén-Navarro E, Ayuso C. Participant-funded clinical trials on rare diseases. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:267.e1-267.e9. [PMID: 34092344 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2020.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of medicines for certain rare diseases can be cut short by lack of funding. In certain cases the patients themselves, or their relatives, occasionally fund the clinical trial in which they will be treated with the investigational medicine. There are three models of self-funded clinical research: two of them, 'pay to try' and 'pay to participate', have already been put into practice. The third, the 'plutocratic' proposal, which has been recently put forward is still a theoretical model. In this work the scientific, social and ethical benefits and risks of the two clinical research models, 'pay to participate and the 'plutocratic' proposal, are reviewed. Patient-funded clinical trials are frequently performed through crowdfunding. The most controversial aspects of this funding modality are also addressed in this article from several perspectives. Finally, a future scenario that would allow the launching of self-funded clinical trials in Spain by the 'plutocratic' proposal is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Dal-Ré
- Unidad de Epidemiología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Francesc Palau
- Servicio de Medicina Genética y Molecular, Instituto Pediátrico de Enfermedades Raras (IPER), Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Institut Clínic de Medicina i Dermatologia, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Unidad de Pediatría, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Sección de Genética Médica, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ayuso
- CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Genética y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, IIS-UAM, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Dal-Ré R, Palau F, Guillén-Navarro E, Ayuso C. Ensayos clínicos en enfermedades raras financiados por los participantes. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:267.e1-267.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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Working the crowd for forensic research: A review of contributor motivation and recruitment strategies used in crowdsourcing and crowdfunding for scientific research. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2020; 2:173-182. [PMID: 32551435 PMCID: PMC7287233 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Crowdsourcing and crowdfunding have been successfully used in a range of scientific disciplines and present opportunities for forensic researchers to draw on the power of large numbers of people to contribute to research projects through participation or by providing an alternative source of funding. This review aimed to examine whether contributors to crowd science and crowdfunding for scientific research are motivated to participate or provide financial support by the same factors, and to examine recruitment strategies in an attempt to identify a potential crowd for forensic researchers to approach. There was found to be limited research into crowdfunding for scientific research that addressed the motivations of contributors or recruitment strategies used, and no conclusions could be made. There is a need to overcome low response rates and high attrition over the lifetime of a crowd science project or crowdfunding appeal. It is necessary to target a large number of people who are interested in the subject studied and who want to make a difference in some way and contribute to science. True crime podcast audiences are proposed as they present large numbers of listeners who are interested in forensic science, criminal investigation or law enforcement. These audiences have been targeted for successful fundraising efforts and invitations to participate in crowd activities previously. They should be considered by forensic researchers who are looking to venture into crowdsourcing or crowdfunding for research projects.
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