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Alsharabasy AM, Farràs P, Pandit A. Hemin as a Molecular Probe for Nitric Oxide Detection in Physiological Solutions: Experimental and Theoretical Assessment. Anal Chem 2024; 96:7763-7771. [PMID: 38699865 PMCID: PMC11099896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Given its pivotal role in modulating various pathological processes, precise measurement of nitric oxide (●NO) levels in physiological solutions is imperative. The key techniques include the ozone-based chemiluminescence (CL) reactions, amperometric ●NO sensing, and Griess assay, each with its advantages and drawbacks. In this study, a hemin/H2O2/luminol CL reaction was employed for accurately detecting ●NO in diverse solutions. We investigated how the luminescence kinetics was influenced by ●NO from two donors, nitrite and peroxynitrite, while also assessing the impact of culture medium components and reactive species quenchers. Furthermore, we experimentally and theoretically explored the mechanism of hemin oxidation responsible for the initiation of light generation. Although both hemin and ●NO enhanced the H2O2/luminol-based luminescence reactions with distinct kinetics, hemin's interference with ●NO/peroxynitrite- modulated their individual effects. Leveraging the propagated signal due to hemin, the ●NO levels in solution were estimated, observing parallel changes to those detected via amperometric detection in response to varying concentrations of the ●NO-donor. The examined reactions aid in comprehending the mechanism of ●NO/hemin/H2O2/luminol interactions and how these can be used for detecting ●NO in solution with minimal sample size demands. Moreover, the selectivity across different solutions can be improved by incorporating certain quenchers for reactive species into the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir M. Alsharabasy
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
| | - Pau Farràs
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
- School
of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 TK33
| | - Abhay Pandit
- CÚRAM,
SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland H91 W2TY
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2
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Tian Y, Tian X, Li T, Wang W. Overview of the effects and mechanisms of NO and its donors on biofilms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-20. [PMID: 37942962 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2279687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biofilm is undoubtedly a challenging problem in the food industry. It is closely associated with human health and life, being difficult to remove and antibiotic resistance. Therefore, an alternate method to solve these problems is needed. Nitric oxide (NO) as an antimicrobial agent, has shown great potential to disrupt biofilms. However, the extremely short half-life of NO in vivo (2 s) has facilitated the development of relatively more stable NO donors. Recent studies reported that NO could permeate biofilms, causing damage to cellular biomacromolecules, inducing biofilm dispersion by quorum sensing (QS) pathway and reducing intracellular bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) levels, and significantly improving the bactericidal effect without drug resistance. In this review, biofilm hazards and formation processes are presented, and the characteristics and inhibitory effects of NO donors are carefully discussed, with an emphasis on the possible mechanisms of NO resistance to biofilms and some advanced approaches concerning the remediation of NO donor deficiencies. Moreover, the future perspectives, challenges, and limitations of NO donors were summarized comprehensively. On the whole, this review aims to provide the application prospects of NO and its donors in the food industry and to make reliable choices based on these available research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Teng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenhang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
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3
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Lin QW, Lu JQ, Huang YS, Liu JJ, Chen WM, Lin J. Cyclic Diguanylate G-Quadruplex Inducer-Nitric Oxide Donor Conjugate as a Bifunctional Antibiofilm Agent and Antibacterial Synergist against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a Hyperbiofilm Phenotype. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11927-11939. [PMID: 37606617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance caused by biofilm formation is a clinical challenge. Nitric oxide (NO) can effectively disperse a mature biofilm and can also synergistically influence the level of cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), a universal secondary messenger that plays an important role in biofilm formation in bacteria. Based on our previous finding that c-di-GMP G-quadruplex inducers are effective biofilm formation inhibitors, we designed and synthesized a c-di-GMP G-quadruplex inducer-NO donor conjugate (A11@NO) as a bifunctional antibiofilm agent after obtaining the c-di-GMP G-quadruplex inducer (A11), which has an amino group capable of binding to a nitroso group (NO donor). The conjugate A11@NO showed better biofilm inhibition efficiency than A11, and it can also eradicate mature biofilm. Additionally, it exhibited good antimicrobial synergism against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and helped elevate the bactericidal efficiency of tobramycin against biofilm-formed bacteria. In combination with tobramycin, A11@NO also improved the survival rate of Caenorhabditis elegans in a hyperbiofilm environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Wen Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Jin-Qiang Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Si Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Jie-Jiao Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Jing Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511400, China
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Oliveira AS, Saraiva LM, Carvalho SM. Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms undergo metabolic and matrix remodeling under nitrosative stress. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1200923. [PMID: 37469594 PMCID: PMC10352803 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1200923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal skin bacterium that forms host- and antibiotic-resistant biofilms that are a major cause of implant-associated infections. Most research has focused on studying the responses to host-imposed stresses on planktonic bacteria. In this work, we addressed the open question of how S. epidermidis thrives on toxic concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) produced by host innate immune cells during biofilm assembly. We analyzed alterations of gene expression, metabolism, and matrix structure of biofilms of two clinical isolates of S. epidermidis, namely, 1457 and RP62A, formed under NO stress conditions. In both strains, NO lowers the amount of biofilm mass and causes increased production of lactate and decreased acetate excretion from biofilm glucose metabolism. Transcriptional analysis revealed that NO induces icaA, which is directly involved in polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) production, and genes encoding proteins of the amino sugar pathway (glmM and glmU) that link glycolysis to PIA synthesis. However, the strains seem to have distinct regulatory mechanisms to boost lactate production, as NO causes a substantial upregulation of ldh gene in strain RP62A but not in strain 1457. The analysis of the matrix components of the staphylococcal biofilms, assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), showed that NO stimulates PIA and protein production and interferes with biofilm structure in a strain-dependent manner, but independently of the Ldh level. Thus, NO resistance is attained by remodeling the staphylococcal matrix architecture and adaptation of main metabolic processes, likely providing in vivo fitness of S. epidermidis biofilms contacting NO-proficient macrophages.
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Webster CM, Shepherd M. A mini-review: environmental and metabolic factors affecting aminoglycoside efficacy. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:7. [PMID: 36350431 PMCID: PMC9646598 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03445-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Following the discovery of streptomycin from Streptomyces griseus in the 1940s by Selman Waksman and colleagues, aminoglycosides were first used to treat tuberculosis and then numerous derivatives have since been used to combat a wide variety of bacterial infections. These bactericidal antibiotics were used as first-line treatments for several decades but were largely replaced by ß-lactams and fluoroquinolones in the 1980s, although widespread emergence of antibiotic-resistance has led to renewed interest in aminoglycosides. The primary site of action for aminoglycosides is the 30 S ribosomal subunit where they disrupt protein translation, which contributes to widespread cellular damage through a number of secondary effects including rapid uptake of aminoglycosides via elevated proton-motive force (PMF), membrane damage and breakdown, oxidative stress, and hyperpolarisation of the membrane. Several factors associated with aminoglycoside entry have been shown to impact upon bacterial killing, and more recent work has revealed a complex relationship between metabolic states and the efficacy of different aminoglycosides. Hence, it is imperative to consider the environmental conditions and bacterial physiology and how this can impact upon aminoglycoside entry and potency. This mini-review seeks to discuss recent advances in this area and how this might affect the future use of aminoglycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calum M Webster
- School of Biosciences, RAPID Group, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK
| | - Mark Shepherd
- School of Biosciences, RAPID Group, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NJ, UK.
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Oza PP, Kashfi K. Utility of NO and H 2S donating platforms in managing COVID-19: Rationale and promise. Nitric Oxide 2022; 128:72-102. [PMID: 36029975 PMCID: PMC9398942 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Viral infections are a continuing global burden on the human population, underscored by the ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic. Current treatment options and supportive therapies for many viral infections are relatively limited, indicating a need for alternative therapeutic approaches. Virus-induced damage occurs through direct infection of host cells and inflammation-related changes. Severe cases of certain viral infections, including COVID-19, can lead to a hyperinflammatory response termed cytokine storm, resulting in extensive endothelial damage, thrombosis, respiratory failure, and death. Therapies targeting these complications are crucial in addition to antiviral therapies. Nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide are two endogenous gasotransmitters that have emerged as key signaling molecules with a broad range of antiviral actions in addition to having anti-inflammatory properties and protective functions in the vasculature and respiratory system. The enhancement of endogenous nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide levels thus holds promise for managing both early-stage and later-stage viral infections, including SARS-CoV-2. Using SARS-CoV-2 as a model for similar viral infections, here we explore the current evidence regarding nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide's use to limit viral infection, resolve inflammation, and reduce vascular and pulmonary damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak P Oza
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA
| | - Khosrow Kashfi
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, Sophie Davis School of Biomedical Education, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10031, USA; Graduate Program in Biology, City University of New York Graduate Center, New York, 10091, USA.
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7
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High Doses of Inhaled Nitric Oxide as an Innovative Antimicrobial Strategy for Lung Infections. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071525. [PMID: 35884830 PMCID: PMC9312466 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the designation of nitric oxide as “Molecule of the Year” in 1992, the scientific and clinical discoveries concerning this biomolecule have been greatly expanding. Currently, therapies enhancing the release of endogenous nitric oxide or the direct delivery of the exogenous compound are recognized as valuable pharmacological treatments in several disorders. In particular, the administration of inhaled nitric oxide is routinely used to treat patients with pulmonary hypertension or refractory hypoxemia. More recently, inhaled nitric oxide has been studied as a promising antimicrobial treatment strategy against a range of pathogens, including resistant bacterial and fungal infections of the respiratory system. Pre-clinical and clinical findings have demonstrated that, at doses greater than 160 ppm, nitric oxide has antimicrobial properties and can be used to kill a broad range of infectious microorganisms. This review focused on the mechanism of action and current evidence from in vitro studies, animal models and human clinical trials of inhaled high-dose nitric oxide as an innovative antimicrobial therapy for lung infections.
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8
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Abbas M, Alqahtani MS, Almohiy HM, Alqahtani FF, Alhifzi R, Jambi LK. The Potential Contribution of Biopolymeric Particles in Lung Tissue Regeneration of COVID-19 Patients. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:4011. [PMID: 34833310 PMCID: PMC8623030 DOI: 10.3390/polym13224011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung is a vital organ that houses the alveoli, which is where gas exchange takes place. The COVID-19 illness attacks lung cells directly, creating significant inflammation and resulting in their inability to function. To return to the nature of their job, it may be essential to rejuvenate the afflicted lung cells. This is difficult because lung cells need a long time to rebuild and resume their function. Biopolymeric particles are the most effective means to transfer developing treatments to airway epithelial cells and then regenerate infected lung cells, which is one of the most significant symptoms connected with COVID-19. Delivering biocompatible and degradable natural biological materials, chemotherapeutic drugs, vaccines, proteins, antibodies, nucleic acids, and diagnostic agents are all examples of these molecules' usage. Furthermore, they are created by using several structural components, which allows them to effectively connect with these cells. We highlight their most recent uses in lung tissue regeneration in this review. These particles are classified into three groups: biopolymeric nanoparticles, biopolymeric stem cell materials, and biopolymeric scaffolds. The techniques and processes for regenerating lung tissue will be thoroughly explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Computers and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Hussain M. Almohiy
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Fawaz F. Alqahtani
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Roaa Alhifzi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (H.M.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Layal K. Jambi
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
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9
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Victoria L, Gupta A, Gómez JL, Robledo J. Mycobacterium abscessus complex: A Review of Recent Developments in an Emerging Pathogen. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:659997. [PMID: 33981630 PMCID: PMC8108695 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.659997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABC) is one of the most clinically relevant species among nontuberculous mycobacteria. MABC's prevalence has increased over the last two decades. Although these changes can be explained by improvements in microbiological and molecular techniques for identifying species and subspecies, a higher prevalence of chronic lung diseases may contribute to higher rates of MABC. High rates of antimicrobial resistance are seen in MABC, and patients experience multiple relapses with low cure rates. This review aims to integrate existing knowledge about MABC epidemiology, microbiological identification and familiarize readers with molecular mechanisms of resistance and therapeutic options for pulmonary infections with MABC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Victoria
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycobacteria, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia.,Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Amolika Gupta
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jose Luis Gómez
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jaime Robledo
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycobacteria, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia.,Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia
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