1
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Wilke N, Frias C, Berkessel A, Prokop A. (2,6-Dimethylphenyl)arsonic Acid Induces Apoptosis through the Mitochondrial Pathway, Downregulates XIAP, and Overcomes Multidrug Resistance to Cytostatic Drugs in Leukemia and Lymphoma Cells In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4713. [PMID: 38731935 PMCID: PMC11083614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment is greatly challenged by drug resistance, highlighting the need for novel drug discoveries. Here, we investigated novel organoarsenic compounds regarding their resistance-breaking and apoptosis-inducing properties in leukemia and lymphoma. Notably, the compound (2,6-dimethylphenyl)arsonic acid (As2) demonstrated significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in leukemia and lymphoma cells while sparing healthy leukocytes. As2 reached half of its maximum activity (AC50) against leukemia cells at around 6.3 µM. Further experiments showed that As2 overcomes multidrug resistance and sensitizes drug-resistant leukemia and lymphoma cell lines to treatments with the common cytostatic drugs vincristine, daunorubicin, and cytarabine at low micromolar concentrations. Mechanistic investigations of As2-mediated apoptosis involving FADD (FAS-associated death domain)-deficient or Smac (second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases)/DIABLO (direct IAP binding protein with low pI)-overexpressing cell lines, western blot analysis of caspase-9 cleavage, and measurements of mitochondrial membrane integrity identified the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway as the main mode of action. Downregulation of XIAP (x-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein) and apoptosis induction independent of Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) and caspase-3 expression levels suggest the activation of additional apoptosis-promoting mechanisms. Due to the selective apoptosis induction, the synergistic effects with common anti-cancer drugs, and the ability to overcome multidrug resistance in vitro, As2 represents a promising candidate for further preclinical investigations with respect to refractory malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Wilke
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
| | - Corazon Frias
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Helios Clinics Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393–397, 19049 Schwerin, Germany
- Medical School Hamburg (MSH), University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albrecht Berkessel
- Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, University of Cologne, Greinstraße 4, 50939 Cologne, Germany
| | - Aram Prokop
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children’s Hospital Cologne, Amsterdamer Straße 59, 50735 Cologne, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Helios Clinics Schwerin, Wismarsche Straße 393–397, 19049 Schwerin, Germany
- Medical School Hamburg (MSH), University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457 Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Podolski-Renić A, Čipak Gašparović A, Valente A, López Ó, Bormio Nunes JH, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Filipović NR. Schiff bases and their metal complexes to target and overcome (multidrug) resistance in cancer. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 270:116363. [PMID: 38593587 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Overcoming multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. In this respect, Schiff base-related compounds (bearing a R1R2CNR3 bond) gained high interest during the past decades. Schiff bases are considered privileged ligands for various reasons, including the easiness of their preparation and the possibility to form complexes with almost all transition metal ions. Schiff bases and their metal complexes exhibit many types of biological activities and are used for the treatment and diagnosis of various diseases. Until now, 13 Schiff bases have been investigated in clinical trials for cancer treatment and hypoxia imaging. This review represents the first collection of Schiff bases and their complexes which demonstrated MDR-reversal activity. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Modulation of ABC transporter function, 2) Targeting lysosomal ABCB1 overexpression, 3) Circumvention of ABC transporter-mediated drug efflux by alternative routes of drug uptake, 4) Selective activity against MDR cancer models (collateral sensitivity), 5) Targeting GSH-detoxifying systems, 6) Overcoming apoptosis resistance by inducing necrosis and paraptosis, 7) Reactivation of mutated p53, 8) Restoration of sensitivity to DNA-damaging anticancer therapy, and 9) Overcoming drug resistance through modulation of the immune system. Through this approach, we would like to draw attention to Schiff bases and their metal complexes representing highly interesting anticancer drug candidates with the ability to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Julia H Bormio Nunes
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Nenad R Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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3
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Huynh M, Vinck R, Gibert B, Gasser G. Strategies for the Nuclear Delivery of Metal Complexes to Cancer Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311437. [PMID: 38174785 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The nucleus is an essential organelle for the function of cells. It holds most of the genetic material and plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation. Since many antitumoral therapies target nucleic acids to induce cell death, tumor-specific nuclear drug delivery could potentiate therapeutic effects and prevent potential off-target side effects on healthy tissue. Due to their great structural variety, good biocompatibility, and unique physico-chemical properties, organometallic complexes and other metal-based compounds have sparked great interest as promising anticancer agents. In this review, strategies for specific nuclear delivery of metal complexes are summarized and discussed to highlight crucial parameters to consider for the design of new metal complexes as anticancer drug candidates. Moreover, the existing opportunities and challenges of tumor-specific, nucleus-targeting metal complexes are emphasized to outline some new perspectives and help in the design of new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Huynh
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry of Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, Paris, F-75005, France
- Gastroenterology and technologies for Health, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS5286, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Robin Vinck
- Orano, 125 avenue de Paris, Châtillon, 92320, France
| | - Benjamin Gibert
- Gastroenterology and technologies for Health, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS5286, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, 69008, France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry of Life and Health Sciences, Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry, Paris, F-75005, France
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4
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Balewski Ł, Plech T, Korona-Głowniak I, Hering A, Szczesio M, Olczak A, Bednarski PJ, Kokoszka J, Kornicka A. Copper(II) Complexes with 1-(Isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-ones: Synthesis, Structure and Evaluation of Anticancer, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:8. [PMID: 38203181 PMCID: PMC10779222 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Four copper(II) complexes, C1-4, derived from 1-(isoquinolin-3-yl)heteroalkyl-2-one ligands L1-4 were synthesized and characterized using an elemental analysis, IR spectroscopic data as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction data for complex C1. The stability of complexes C1-4 under conditions mimicking the physiological environment was estimated using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The antiproliferative activity of both ligands L1-4 and copper(II) compounds C1-4 were evaluated using an MTT assay on four human cancer cell lines, A375 (melanoma), HepG2 (hepatoma), LS-180 (colon cancer) and T98G (glioblastoma), and a non-cancerous cell line, CCD-1059Sk (human normal skin fibroblasts). Complexes C1-4 showed greater potency against HepG2, LS180 and T98G cancer cell lines than etoposide (IC50 = 5.04-14.89 μg/mL vs. IC50 = 43.21->100 μg/mL), while free ligands L1-4 remained inactive in all cell lines. The prominent copper(II) compound C2 appeared to be more selective towards cancer cells compared with normal cells than compounds C1, C3 and C4. The treatment of HepG2 and T98G cells with complex C2 resulted in sub-G1 and G2/M cell cycle arrest, respectively, which was accompanied by DNA degradation. Moreover, the non-cytotoxic doses of C2 synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs, including etoposide, 5-fluorouracil and temozolomide, in HepG2 and T98G cells. The antimicrobial activities of ligands L2-4 and their copper(II) complexes C2-4 were evaluated using different types of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and yeast species. No correlation was found between the results of the antiproliferative and antimicrobial experiments. The antioxidant activities of all compounds were determined using the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging methods. Antiradical tests revealed that among the investigated compounds, copper(II) complex C4 possessed the strongest antioxidant properties. Finally, the ADME technique was used to determine the physicochemical and drug-likeness properties of the obtained complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Balewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (Ł.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Tomasz Plech
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Izabela Korona-Głowniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Hering
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Szczesio
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Andrzej Olczak
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland; (M.S.); (A.O.)
| | - Patrick J. Bednarski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, F.-L. Jahn Strasse 17, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Jakub Kokoszka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (Ł.B.); (J.K.)
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland; (Ł.B.); (J.K.)
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5
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Kazimir A, Schwarze B, Lönnecke P, Jelača S, Mijatović S, Maksimović-Ivanić D, Hey-Hawkins E. Metallodrugs against Breast Cancer: Combining the Tamoxifen Vector with Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020682. [PMID: 36840003 PMCID: PMC9959148 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The luminal A-subtype of breast cancer, where the oestrogen receptor α (ERα) is overexpressed, is the most frequent one. The prodrug tamoxifen (1) is the clinically used agent, inhibiting the ERα activity via the formation of several active metabolites, such as 4-hydroxytamoxifen (2) or 4,4'-dihydroxytamoxifen (3). In this study, we present the tamoxifen derivative 4-[1,1-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)but-1-en-2-yl]-2,2'-bipyridine (4), which was combined with platinum or palladium dichloride, the former a well-known scaffold in anticancer treatment, to give [PtCl2(4-κ2N,N')] (5) or [PdCl2(4-κ2N,N'] (6). To prevent fast exchange of weakly coordinating chlorido ligands in aqueous solution, a bulky, highly stable and hydrophobic nido-carborate(-2) ([C2B9H11]2-) was incorporated. The resulting complexes [3-(4-κ2N,N')-3,1,2-PtC2B9H11] (7) and [3-(4-κ2N,N')-3,1,2-PdC2B9H11] (8) exhibit a dramatic change in electronic and biological properties compared to 5 and 6. Thus, 8 is highly selective for triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cells (IC50 = 3.7 μM, MTT test), while 7 is completely inactive against this cell line. The observed cytotoxicity of compounds 4-6 and 8 against this triple-negative cell line suggests off-target mechanisms rather than only ERα inhibition, for which these compounds were originally designed. Spectroscopic properties and electronic structures of the metal complexes were investigated for possible explanations of the biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Kazimir
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schwarze
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Lönnecke
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sanja Jelača
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Mijatović
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Maksimović-Ivanić
- Department of Immunology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Evamarie Hey-Hawkins
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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6
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Influence of the Fatty Acid Metabolism on the Mode of Action of a Cisplatin(IV) Complex with Phenylbutyrate as Axial Ligands. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020677. [PMID: 36839999 PMCID: PMC9967619 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
For a variety of cancer types, platinum compounds are still among the best treatment options. However, their application is limited by side effects and drug resistance. Consequently, multi-targeted platinum(IV) prodrugs that target specific traits of the malignant tissue are interesting new candidates. Recently, cisPt(PhB)2 was synthesized which, upon reduction in the malignant tissue, releases phenylbutyrate (PhB), a metabolically active fatty acid analog, in addition to cisplatin. In this study, we in-depth investigated the anticancer properties of this new complex in cell culture and in mouse allograft experiments. CisPt(PhB)2 showed a distinctly improved anticancer activity compared to cisplatin as well as to PhB alone and was able to overcome various frequently occurring drug resistance mechanisms. Furthermore, we observed that differences in the cellular fatty acid metabolism and mitochondrial activity distinctly impacted the drug's mode of action. Subsequent analyses revealed that "Warburg-like" cells, which are characterized by deficient mitochondrial function and fatty acid catabolism, are less capable of coping with cisPt(PhB)2 leading to rapid induction of a non-apoptotic form of cell death. Summarizing, cisPt(PhB)2 is a new orally applicable platinum(IV) prodrug with promising activity especially against cisplatin-resistant cancer cells with "Warburg-like" properties.
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7
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Anticancer Activity, Reduction Mechanism and G-Quadruplex DNA Binding of a Redox-Activated Platinum(IV)-Salphen Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415579. [PMID: 36555221 PMCID: PMC9778786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aiming at reducing the unselective cytotoxicity of Pt(II) chemotherapeutics, a great deal of effort has been concentrated into the design of metal-containing drugs with different anticancer mechanisms of action. Inert Pt(IV) prodrugs have been proposed to be a valid alternative as they are activated by reduction directly into the cell releasing active Pt(II) species. On the other hand, a promising strategy for designing metallodrugs is to explore new potential biological targets rather than canonical B-DNA. G-quadruplex nucleic acid, obtained by self-assembly of guanine-rich nucleic acid sequences, has recently been considered an attractive target for anticancer drug design. Therefore, compounds capable of binding and stabilizing this type of DNA structure would be greatly beneficial in anticancer therapy. Here, computational analysis reports the mechanism of action of a recently synthesized Pt(IV)-salphen complex conjugating the inertness of Pt(IV) prodrugs with the ability to bind G-quadruplexes of the corresponding Pt(II) complex. The reduction mechanism of the Pt(IV) complex with a biological reducing agent was investigated in depth by means of DFT, whereas classical MD simulations were carried out to shed light into the binding mechanism of the released Pt(II) complex. The results show that the Pt(IV) prodrug may be reduced by both inner- and outer-sphere mechanisms, and the active Pt(II) complex, as a function of its protonation state, stabilizes the G-quadruplex DNA prevalently, either establishing π-stacking interactions with the terminal G-tetrad or through electrostatic interactions along with H-bonds formation.
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Synthesis, Structure and Cytotoxic Properties of Copper(II) Complexes of 2-Iminocoumarins Bearing a 1,3,5-Triazine or Benzoxazole/Benzothiazole Moiety. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27217155. [PMID: 36363982 PMCID: PMC9659224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A series of copper(II) complexes of 2-imino-2H-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines 2a-h, 3-(benzoxazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imines 4a-b, and 3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imines 6a-c were obtained by reacting of appropriate 2-iminocoumarin ligands L1a-h, L3a-b, and L5a-c with 3-fold molar excess of copper(II) chloride. The structure of these compounds was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction data (2f, 2g, 2h, and 6c). All the synthesized complexes were screened for their activity against five human cancer cell lines: DAN-G, A-427, LCLC-103H, SISO, and RT-4 by using a crystal violet microtiter plate assay and relationships between structure and in vitro cytotoxic activity are discussed. The coordination of 2-iminocoumarins with copper(II) ions resulted in complexes 2a-h, 4a-b, and 6a-c with significant inhibitory properties toward tested tumor cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.04 μM to 15.66 μM. In comparison to the free ligands L1a-h, L3a-b, and L5a-c, the newly prepared Cu(II) complexes often displayed increased activity. In the series of copper(II) complexes of 2-imino-2H-chromen-3-yl-1,3,5-triazines 2a-h the most potent compound 2g contained a 4-phenylpiperazine moiety at position 6 of the 1,3,5-triazine ring and an electron-donating diethylamino group at position 7' of the 2-iminocoumarin scaffold. Among the Cu(II) complexes of 3-(benzoxazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imines 4a-b and 3-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-imines 6a-c the most active was benzoxazole-2-iminocoumarin 4b that also possessed a diethylamino group at position 7' of the 2-iminocoumarin moiety. Moreover, compound 4b was found to be the most prominent agent and displayed the higher potency than cisplatin against tested cell lines.
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Platinum(IV) Complexes of the 1,3,5-Triamino Analogue of the Biomolecule Cis-Inositol Designed as Innovative Antineoplastic Drug Candidates. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102057. [PMID: 36297500 PMCID: PMC9611922 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal complexes occupy a special place in the field of treatment and diagnostics. Their main advantages stem from the possibility of fine-tuning their thermodynamic properties and kinetic behavior in the biological milieu by applying different approaches such as properly constructed inner coordination sphere, appropriate choice of ligands, metal oxidation state, redox potential, etc., which are specific to these compounds. Here we discuss the design and synthesis of two octahedral cationic Pt(IV) complexes of the tridentate ligand all-cis-2,4,6-triaminocyclohexane-1,3,5-triol (taci) with composition, fac-[Pt(taci)I3]+, 1 and bis-[Pt(taci)2]4+, 2 as well as the potential for their application as antineoplastic agents. The complexes have been isolated in a solid state as: fac-[Pt(taci)I3]I·3H2O (1A), fac-[Pt(taci)I3]I (1B), fac-[Pt(taci)I3]I·2DMF (1C), bis-[Pt(taci)2](CO3)2·6H2O (2A) by changing the acidity of the reaction systems, the molar ratios of the reagents and the counterions, and by re-crystallization. The ligand taci is coordinated through the NH2-groups, each molecule occupying three coordination places in the inner coordination sphere of Pt(IV). Monitoring of the hydrolysis processes of 1A and 2A at different acidity showed that while 2A remained stable over the study period, the I−-ions in 1A were successively substituted, with the main product under physiologically mimetic conditions being fac,cis-[Pt(taci)I(OH)2]+ (h2). The antiproliferative tests involved eight cancer cell models, among which chemosensitive (derived from leukemias and solid tumors) and chemoresistant human Acute myeloid leukemia lines (HL-60/Dox, HL-60/CDDP), as well as the non-malignant kidney’ cells HEK-293T showed that the complexes 1A and 2A are characterized by a fundamentally different profile of chemosensitivity and spectrum of cytotoxic activity compared to cisplatin. The new Pt(IV) complexes were shown to be more effective in selectively inhibiting the proliferation of human malignant cells compared to cisplatin. Remarkable activity was recorded for 1A, which showed an effect (IC50 = 8.9 ± 2.4) at more than 16-fold lower concentration than cisplatin (IC50 = 144.4 ± 9.8) against the resistant cell line HL-60/CDDP. In parallel, 1A exhibited virtually the same cytotoxic effect against the parental HL-60 cells (IC50 = 9.0 ± 1.2), where cisplatin displays comparable chemosensitivity (IC50 = 8.3 ± 0.8). The determined resistance indices (RI~1) show unequivocally that the resistant lines are sensitive to both compounds tested; therefore, they are capable of overcoming the mechanisms of cisplatin resistance. The structural features of these compounds and their promising pharmacological properties justify their inclusion in the group of “non-classical metal-based antitumor compounds” and are a prerequisite for the admission of alternative mechanisms of action.
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Tavakoli Hafshejani K, Sohrabi N, Eslami Moghadam M, Oftadeh M. Investigation of the physico-chemical interaction of ct-DNA with Anticancer Glycine Derivative of Pt-complex by applying docking and MD simulation methods and multi-spectroscopic techniques. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Copper (II) complexes based bis(pyrazolyl)borate derivatives as efficient anticancer agents: synthesis, characterization, X-ray structure, cytotoxicity, molecular docking and QSAR studies. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02288-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Falcone E, Ritacca AG, Hager S, Schueffl H, Vileno B, El Khoury Y, Hellwig P, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Sicilia E, Faller P. Copper-Catalyzed Glutathione Oxidation is Accelerated by the Anticancer Thiosemicarbazone Dp44mT and Further Boosted at Lower pH. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14758-14768. [PMID: 35929814 PMCID: PMC9389589 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant thiol in mammalian
cells
and plays a crucial role in maintaining redox cellular homeostasis.
The thiols of two GSH molecules can be oxidized to the disulfide GSSG.
The cytosolic GSH/GSSG ratio is very high (>100), and its reduction
can lead to apoptosis or necrosis, which are of interest in cancer
research. CuII ions are very efficient oxidants of thiols,
but with an excess of GSH, CuIn(GS)m clusters are formed, in which CuI is very slowly reoxidized by O2 at pH 7.4 and
even more slowly at lower pH. Here, the aerobic oxidation of GSH by
CuII was investigated at different pH values in the presence
of the anticancer thiosemicarbazone Dp44mT, which accumulates in lysosomes
and induces lysosomal membrane permeabilization in a Cu-dependent
manner. The results showed that CuII-Dp44mT catalyzes GSH
oxidation faster than CuII alone at pH 7.4 and hence accelerates
the production of very reactive hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, GSH oxidation
and hydroxyl radical production by CuII-Dp44mT were accelerated
at the acidic pH found in lysosomes. To decipher this unusually faster
thiol oxidation at lower pH, density functional theory (DFT) calculations,
electrochemical and spectroscopic studies were performed. The results
suggest that the acceleration is due to the protonation of CuII-Dp44mT on the hydrazinic nitrogen, which favors the rate-limiting
reduction step without subsequent dissociation of the CuI intermediate. Furthermore, preliminary biological studies in cell
culture using the proton pump inhibitor bafilomycin A1 indicated that
the lysosomal pH plays a role in the activity of CuII-Dp44mT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Falcone
- Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177), University of Strasbourg - CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alessandra G Ritacca
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Sonja Hager
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hemma Schueffl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bertrand Vileno
- Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177), University of Strasbourg - CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Youssef El Khoury
- Laboratoire de bioélectrochimie et spectroscopie, UMR 7140, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Petra Hellwig
- Laboratoire de bioélectrochimie et spectroscopie, UMR 7140, CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilia Sicilia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Università della Calabria, Ponte P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, (CS), Italy
| | - Peter Faller
- Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177), University of Strasbourg - CNRS, 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67081 Strasbourg, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris, France
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13
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Fronik P, Gutmann M, Vician P, Stojanovic M, Kastner A, Heffeter P, Pirker C, Keppler BK, Berger W, Kowol CR. A platinum(IV) prodrug strategy to overcome glutathione-based oxaliplatin resistance. Commun Chem 2022; 5:46. [PMID: 36697790 PMCID: PMC9814792 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical efficacy of oxaliplatin is frequently limited by severe adverse effects and therapy resistance. Acquired insensitivity to oxaliplatin is, at least in part, associated with elevated levels of glutathione (GSH). In this study we report on an oxaliplatin-based platinum(IV) prodrug, which releases L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of glutamate-cysteine ligase, the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH biosynthesis. Two complexes bearing either acetate (BSO-OxOAc) or an albumin-binding maleimide (BSO-OxMal) as second axial ligand were synthesized and characterized. The in vitro anticancer activity of BSO-OxOAc was massively reduced in comparison to oxaliplatin, proving its prodrug nature. Nevertheless, the markedly lower intracellular oxaliplatin uptake in resistant HCT116/OxR cells was widely overcome by BSO-OxOAc resulting in distinctly reduced resistance levels. Platinum accumulation in organs of a colorectal cancer mouse model revealed higher tumor selectivity of BSO-OxMal as compared to oxaliplatin. This corresponded with increased antitumor activity, resulting in significantly enhanced overall survival. BSO-OxMal-treated tumors exhibited reduced GSH levels, proliferative activity and enhanced DNA damage (pH2AX) compared to oxaliplatin. Conversely, pH2AX staining especially in kidney cells was distinctly increased by oxaliplatin but not by BSO-OxMal. Taken together, our data provide compelling evidence for enhanced tumor specificity of the oxaliplatin(IV)/BSO prodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Fronik
- grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Gutmann
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Vician
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mirjana Stojanovic
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kastner
- grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- grid.22937.3d0000 0000 9259 8492Center of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- grid.10420.370000 0001 2286 1424University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria ,Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Lee Y, Oh C, Kim J, Park MS, Bae WK, Yoo KH, Hong S. Bioinspired nonheme iron complex that triggers mitochondrial apoptotic signalling pathway specifically for colorectal cancer cells. Chem Sci 2022; 13:737-747. [PMID: 35173938 PMCID: PMC8768841 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05094j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of dioxygen is the keystone of all forms of aerobic life. Many biological functions rely on the redox versatility of metal ions to perform reductive activation-mediated processes entailing dioxygen and its partially reduced species including superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals, also known as reactive oxygen species (ROS). In biomimetic chemistry, a number of synthetic approaches have sought to design, synthesize and characterize reactive intermediates such as the metal-superoxo, -peroxo, and -oxo species, which are commonly found as key intermediates in the enzymatic catalytic cycle. However, the use of these designed complexes and their corresponding intermediates as potential candidates for cancer therapeutics has scarcely been endeavored. In this context, a series of biomimetic first-row transition metal complexes bearing a picolylamine-based water-soluble ligand, [M(HN3O2)]2+ (M = Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Cu2+; HN3O2 = 2-(2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)ethoxy)ethanol) were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic methods including X-ray crystallography and their dioxygen and ROS activation reactivity were evaluated in situ and in vitro. It turned out that among these metal complexes, the iron complex, [Fe(HN3O2)(H2O)]2+, was capable of activating dioxygen and hydrogen peroxide and produced the ROS species (e.g., hydroxyl radical). Upon the incubation of these complexes with different cancer cells, such as cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer cells (MDA-MB-231, AU565, SK-BR-3, HeLa S3, HT-29, and HCT116 cells), only the iron complex triggered cellular apoptosis specifically for colorectal cancer cells; the other metal complexes show negligible anti-proliferative activity. More importantly, the biomimetic complexes were harmless to normal cells and produced less ROS therein. The use of immunocytochemistry combined with western blot analysis strongly supported that apoptosis occurred via the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway; in the intracellular network, [Fe(HN3O2)(H2O)]2+ resulted in (i) the activation and/or production of ROS species, (ii) the induction of intracellular impaired redox balance, and (iii) the promotion of the mitochondrial apoptotic signaling pathway in colorectal cancer cells. The results have implications for developing novel biomimetic complexes in cancer treatments and for designing potent candidates with cancer-specific antitumor activity. A water-soluble iron complex that produces hydroxyl radical species triggers colorectal cancer cell death via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yool Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University Seoul 04310 Korea
| | - Chaeun Oh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University Seoul 04310 Korea
| | - Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Sunchon National University Suncheon 57922 Korea
| | - Myong-Suk Park
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital Hwasun Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hwasun Hospital Hwasun Republic of Korea .,Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC Center, Chonnam National University Medical School Hwasun Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hyun Yoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University Seoul 04310 Korea
| | - Seungwoo Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Sookmyung Women's University Seoul 04310 Korea
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15
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Azmanova M, Pitto-Barry A. Oxidative stress in cancer therapy: Friend or enemy? Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100641. [PMID: 35015324 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Excessive cellular oxidative stress is widely perceived as a key factor in pathophysiological conditions and cancer development. Healthy cells use several mechanisms to maintain intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and overall redox homeostasis to avoid damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids. Cancer cells, in contrast, exhibit elevated ROS levels and upregulated protective antioxidant pathways. Counterintuitively, such elevated oxidative stress and enhanced antioxidant defence mechanisms in cancer cells provide a therapeutic opportunity for the development of drugs with different anticancer mechanisms of action (MoA). In this review, oxidative stress and the role of ROS in cells are described. The tumour-suppressive and tumour-promotive functions of ROS are discussed to compare these two different therapeutic strategies (increasing or decreasing ROS to fight cancer). Clinically approved drugs with demonstrated oxidative stress anticancer MoAs are highlighted before describing examples of metal-based anticancer drug candidates causing oxidative stress in cancer cells via novel MoAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Azmanova
- University of Bradford, School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Richmond Road, BD7 1DP, Bradford, UNITED KINGDOM
| | - Anaïs Pitto-Barry
- Université Paris-Saclay: Universite Paris-Saclay, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 5 rue J.-B. Clément, 92290, Châtenay-Malabry, FRANCE
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16
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Bjelosevic A, Sakoff J, Gilbert J, Zhang Y, McGhie B, Gordon C, Aldrich-Wright JR. Synthesis, characterisation and biological activity of the ruthenium(II) complexes of the N 4-tetradentate (N 4-T L), 1,6-di(2'-pyridyl)-2,5-dibenzyl-2,5-diazahexane (picenBz 2). J Inorg Biochem 2021; 226:111629. [PMID: 34740037 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A series of complexes of the type rac-cis-β-[Ru(N4-TL)(N2-bidentates)]2+ (where N4-TL = 1,6-di(2'-pyridyl)-2,5-dibenzyl-2,5-diazahexane (picenBz2, N4-TL-2) and N2-bidentates = 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, Ru-2), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq, Ru-3), 7,8-dimethyl-dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c] phenazine (dppzMe2,Ru-4), 2-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (phenpyrBz, Ru-5), 2-(p-tolyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (phenpyrBzMe, Ru-6), 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (phenpyrBzNO2,Ru-7), were synthesised and characterised and X-ray crystallography of Ru-5 obtained. The in vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed that Ru-6 was 5, 2 and 19-fold more potent than oxaliplatin, cisplatin, and carboplatin, respectively displaying an average GI50 value of ≈ 0.76 μM against a panel of 11 cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bjelosevic
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennette Sakoff
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Jayne Gilbert
- Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW 2298, Australia
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, NSW 2232, Australia
| | - Brondwyn McGhie
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher Gordon
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751, NSW, Australia
| | - Janice R Aldrich-Wright
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751, NSW, Australia; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, 2751, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Evaluation of the Anticancer and DNA-Binding Characteristics of Dichloro(diimine)zinc(II) Complexes. CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemistry3040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Several metal diimine complexes have been reported to possess anticancer properties. To evaluate the anticancer properties of tetrahedral zinc(II) diimine complexes, six complexes were synthesized with the general formula M(N^N)Cl2 {where M = Zn, Pt and N^N = 2,2’-biquinoline (1), 2,2’-dipyridylketone (2) and 4-((pyridine-2-ylmethylene)amino)phenol (3)}. In general, the intrinsic DNA-binding constants for the different compounds exhibited values within close proximity; the changes in the viscosity of the CT-DNA upon binding to the compounds suggest intercalation-binding mode. Molecular docking study predicted that complexes containing the highly planar ligand 2,2’-biquinoline are capable to establish π–π interactions with nucleobases of the DNA; the other four complexes engaged in donor–acceptor interactions with DNA nucleobases. The six complexes and two reference drugs (cisplatin and sunitinib) were tested against two cancer cell lines (COLO 205 and RCC-PR) and one normal cell line (LLC-MK2), highlighting the better performance of the zinc(II) complexes compared to their platinum(II) analogues. Moreover, zinc(II) complexes have higher selectivity index values than the reference drugs, with promising anticancer properties.
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18
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Rubio AR, González R, Busto N, Vaquero M, Iglesias AL, Jalón FA, Espino G, Rodríguez AM, García B, Manzano BR. Anticancer Activity of Half-Sandwich Ru, Rh and Ir Complexes with Chrysin Derived Ligands: Strong Effect of the Side Chain in the Ligand and Influence of the Metal. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1540. [PMID: 34683834 PMCID: PMC8537477 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An important challenge in the field of anticancer chemotherapy is the search for new species to overcome the resistance of standard drugs. An interesting approach is to link bioactive ligands to metal fragments. In this work, we have synthesized a set of p-cymene-Ru or cyclopentadienyl-M (M = Rh, Ir) complexes with four chrysin-derived pro-ligands with different -OR substituents at position 7 of ring A. The introduction of a piperidine ring on chrysin led to the highly cytotoxic pro-ligand HL4 and its metal complexes L4-M (SW480 and A549 cell lines, cytotoxic order: L4-Ir > L4-Ru ≈ L4-Rh). HL4 and its complexes induce apoptosis and can overcome cis-platinum resistance. However, HL4 turns out to be more cytotoxic in healthy than in tumor cells in contrast to its metal complexes which displayed higher selectivity than cisplatin towards cancer cells. All L4-M complexes interact with double stranded DNA. Nonetheless, the influence of the metal is clear because only complex L4-Ir causes DNA cleavage, through the generation of highly reactive oxygen species (1O2). This result supports the hypothesis of a potential dual mechanism consisting of two different chemical pathways: DNA binding and ROS generation. This behavior provides this complex with a great effectivity in terms of cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana R. Rubio
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (A.R.R.); (M.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Rocío González
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.G.); (A.L.I.); (F.A.J.)
| | - Natalia Busto
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (A.R.R.); (M.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Mónica Vaquero
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (A.R.R.); (M.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Ana L. Iglesias
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.G.); (A.L.I.); (F.A.J.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Tecnología (FCITEC), Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Blvd. Universitario # 1000, Unidad Valle de las Palmas, Baja California, Tijuana 21500, Mexico
| | - Félix A. Jalón
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.G.); (A.L.I.); (F.A.J.)
| | - Gustavo Espino
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (A.R.R.); (M.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Ana M. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela 2, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain; (A.R.R.); (M.V.); (G.E.); (B.G.)
| | - Blanca R. Manzano
- Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IRICA, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. C. J. Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (R.G.); (A.L.I.); (F.A.J.)
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19
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Anjum S, Hashim M, Malik SA, Khan M, Lorenzo JM, Abbasi BH, Hano C. Recent Advances in Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for Cancer Diagnosis, Target Drug Delivery, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4570. [PMID: 34572797 PMCID: PMC8468934 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is regarded as one of the most deadly and mirthless diseases and it develops due to the uncontrolled proliferation of cells. To date, varieties of traditional medications and chemotherapies have been utilized to fight tumors. However, their immense drawbacks, such as reduced bioavailability, insufficient supply, and significant adverse effects, make their use limited. Nanotechnology has evolved rapidly in recent years and offers a wide spectrum of applications in the healthcare sectors. Nanoscale materials offer strong potential for curing cancer as they pose low risk and fewer complications. Several metal oxide NPs are being developed to diagnose or treat malignancies, but zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have remarkably demonstrated their potential in the diagnosis and treatment of various types of cancers due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unique physico-chemical attributes. ZnO NPs showed cancer cell specific toxicity via generation of reactive oxygen species and destruction of mitochondrial membrane potential, which leads to the activation of caspase cascades followed by apoptosis of cancerous cells. ZnO NPs have also been used as an effective carrier for targeted and sustained delivery of various plant bioactive and chemotherapeutic anticancerous drugs into tumor cells. In this review, at first we have discussed the role of ZnO NPs in diagnosis and bio-imaging of cancer cells. Secondly, we have extensively reviewed the capability of ZnO NPs as carriers of anticancerous drugs for targeted drug delivery into tumor cells, with a special focus on surface functionalization, drug-loading mechanism, and stimuli-responsive controlled release of drugs. Finally, we have critically discussed the anticancerous activity of ZnO NPs on different types of cancers along with their mode of actions. Furthermore, this review also highlights the limitations and future prospects of ZnO NPs in cancer theranostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.H.); (S.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Mariam Hashim
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.H.); (S.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Sara Asad Malik
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.H.); (S.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Maha Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; (M.H.); (S.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - José M. Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Avenida de Galicia 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain;
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Eure & Loir Campus, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France;
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20
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Fronik P, Poetsch I, Kastner A, Mendrina T, Hager S, Hohenwallner K, Schueffl H, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Koellensperger G, Rampler E, Kopecka J, Riganti C, Berger W, Keppler BK, Heffeter P, Kowol CR. Structure-Activity Relationships of Triple-Action Platinum(IV) Prodrugs with Albumin-Binding Properties and Immunomodulating Ligands. J Med Chem 2021; 64:12132-12151. [PMID: 34403254 PMCID: PMC8404199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy with platinum complexes is essential for clinical anticancer therapy. However, due to side effects and drug resistance, further drug improvement is urgently needed. Herein, we report on triple-action platinum(IV) prodrugs, which, in addition to tumor targeting via maleimide-mediated albumin binding, release the immunomodulatory ligand 1-methyl-d-tryptophan (1-MDT). Unexpectedly, structure-activity relationship analysis showed that the mode of 1-MDT conjugation distinctly impacts the reducibility and thus activation of the prodrugs. This in turn affected ligand release, pharmacokinetic properties, efficiency of immunomodulation, and the anticancer activity in vitro and in a mouse model in vivo. Moreover, we could demonstrate that the design of albumin-targeted multi-modal prodrugs using platinum(IV) is a promising strategy to enhance the cellular uptake of bioactive ligands with low cell permeability (1-MDT) and to improve their selective delivery into the malignant tissue. This will allow tumor-specific anticancer therapy supported by a favorably tuned immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Fronik
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Kastner
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Theresa Mendrina
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Hager
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Hohenwallner
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hemma Schueffl
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dietmar Herndler-Brandstetter
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joanna Kopecka
- Department
of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department
of Oncology, University of Torino, via Santena 5/bis, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute
of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research
Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Valente A, Podolski-Renić A, Poetsch I, Filipović N, López Ó, Turel I, Heffeter P. Metal- and metalloid-based compounds to target and reverse cancer multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2021; 58:100778. [PMID: 34403910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2021.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains the major cause of cancer treatment failure especially at the late stage of the disease. However, based on their versatile chemistry, metal and metalloid compounds offer the possibility to design fine-tuned drugs to circumvent and even specifically target drug-resistant cancer cells. Based on the paramount importance of platinum drugs in the clinics, two main areas of drug resistance reversal strategies exist: overcoming resistance to platinum drugs as well as multidrug resistance based on ABC efflux pumps. The current review provides an overview of both aspects of drug design and discusses the open questions in the field. The areas of drug resistance covered in this article involve: 1) Altered expression of proteins involved in metal uptake, efflux or intracellular distribution, 2) Enhanced drug efflux via ABC transporters, 3) Altered metabolism in drug-resistant cancer cells, 4) Altered thiol or redox homeostasis, 5) Altered DNA damage recognition and enhanced DNA damage repair, 6) Impaired induction of apoptosis and 7) Altered interaction with the immune system. This review represents the first collection of metal (including platinum, ruthenium, iridium, gold, and copper) and metalloid drugs (e.g. arsenic and selenium) which demonstrated drug resistance reversal activity. A special focus is on compounds characterized by collateral sensitivity of ABC transporter-overexpressing cancer cells. Through this approach, we wish to draw the attention to open research questions in the field. Future investigations are warranted to obtain more insights into the mechanisms of action of the most potent compounds which target specific modalities of drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Valente
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Podolski-Renić
- Department of Neurobiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Xian C, Chen H, Xiong F, Fang Y, Huang H, Wu J. Platinum-based chemotherapy via nanocarriers and co-delivery of multiple drugs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:6023-6036. [PMID: 34323260 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00879j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based anticancer drugs can inhibit the growth of cancer cells by disrupting DNA replication, which makes them widely applicable in clinics for treating tumors and cancers. However, owing to the intrinsic or acquired drug resistance and severe side effects caused in the treatment, their successful clinical applications have been limited. Various strategies have been used to address these challenges. Nanocarriers have been used for platinum drug delivery because they can be effectively deposited in tumor tissues to reduce the damage to normal organs for an enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Furthermore, for synergizing the function of platinum-based drugs with different mechanisms to decrease the toxicities, multicomponent chemotherapy has become an imperative strategy in clinical cancer treatments. This review aims to introduce the mechanisms of action and limitations of platinum-based drugs in clinics, followed by providing the current advancement of nanocarriers including lipids, polymers, dendrimers, micelles and albumin for platinum drug delivery in cancer treatments. In addition, multicomponent chemotherapy based on platinum drugs is introduced in detail. Finally, the prospects of multicomponent chemotherapy for cancer treatment are discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Xian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Haolin Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Fei Xiong
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yifen Fang
- The Affiliated TCM Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510180, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Urology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Copper(II) Complexes Containing Natural Flavonoid Pomiferin Show Considerable In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Anti-inflammatory Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147626. [PMID: 34299247 PMCID: PMC8305652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new heteroleptic copper(II) complexes of the composition [Cu(L)(bpy)]NO3·2MeOH (1), [Cu(L)(dimebpy)]NO3·2H2O (2), [Cu(L)(phen)]NO3·2MeOH (3), [Cu(L)(bphen)]NO3·MeOH (4), [Cu(L)(dppz)]NO3·MeOH (5) was prepared, where HL = 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-6-(3-methylbut-2-ene-1-yl)-4H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b′]dipyran-4-one, (pomiferin) and bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, dimebpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bphen = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline, and dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine. The complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, infrared and UV/Vis spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, thermal analysis and conductivity measurements. The in vitro cytotoxicity, screened against eight human cancer cell lines (breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), osteosarcoma (HOS), lung adenocarcinoma (A549), prostate adenocarcinoma (PC-3), ovarian carcinoma (A2780), cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma (A2780R), colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and monocytic leukemia (THP-1), revealed the complexes as effective antiproliferative agents, with the IC50 values of 2.2–13.0 μM for the best performing complexes 3 and 5. All the complexes 1–5 showed the best activity against the A2780R cells (IC50 = 2.2–6.6 μM), and moreover, the complexes demonstrated relatively low toxicity on healthy human hepatocytes, with IC50 > 100 μM. The complexes were evaluated by the Annexin V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay, induction of cell cycle modifications in A2780 cells, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), perturbation of mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation-related signaling pathways (NF-κB/AP-1 activity, NF-κB translocation, TNF-α secretion), and tested for nuclease mimicking activity. The obtained results revealed the corresponding complexes to be effective antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory agents.
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Alsaedi S, Babgi BA, Abdellatif MH, Emwas AH, Jaremko M, Humphrey MG, Hussien MA. Effect of Net Charge on DNA-Binding, Protein-Binding and Anticancer Properties of Copper(I) Phosphine-Diimine Complexes. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-021-02063-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe syntheses of [Cu(PPh3)2(L)]NO3 and [Cu(PPh3)2(L-SO3Na)]NO3 were achieved through the reaction of Cu(PPh3)2NO3 and equimolar amount of the ligands (L = 5,6-diphenyl-3-[2-pyridyl]-1,2,4-triazine; LSO3Na = 5,6-diphenyl-3-[2-pyridyl]-1,2,4-triazine-4,4′-disulfonic acid disodium salt). The complexes were characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The compounds exhibit similar absorption and emission spectra, suggesting a similar electronic structure. Ct-DNA binding studies show the strong influence of the net charge as Cu-L (positively charged) is able to bind to ct-DNA while Cu-LSO3Na (negatively charged) is not. The net charge of the complexes affects the thermodynamic and kinetic binding parameters toward human serum albumin. HSA-binding of the complexes was further investigated by molecular docking, revealing different binding sites on the HSA protein as a function of the net charge. The different anticancer activities of the complexes towards ovcar-3 and hope-62 cancer cell lines are suggestive of a role for the overall charge of the complexes. Interaction with the DNA is not the major mechanism for this class of complexes. The overall net charge of the pharmacophore (anticancer agent) should be a key consideration in the design of anticancer metal complexes.
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Alsaedi S, Babgi BA, Abdellattif MH, Arshad MN, Emwas AHM, Jaremko M, Humphrey MG, Asiri AM, Hussien MA. DNA-Binding and Cytotoxicity of Copper(I) Complexes Containing Functionalized Dipyridylphenazine Ligands. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050764. [PMID: 34065613 PMCID: PMC8161420 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of copper(I) coordination compounds with general formula [CuBr(PPh3)(dppz-R)] (dppz-R = dipyrido[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]phenazine (Cu-1), 11-nitrodipyrido[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]phenazine (Cu-2), 11-cyanodipyrido[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]phenazine (Cu-3), dipyrido[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]phenazine-11-phenone (Cu-4), 11,12-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:2’,3’-c]phenazine (Cu-5)) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, 1H-NMR and 31P-NMR spectroscopies as well as mass spectrometry. The structure of Cu-1 was confirmed by X-ray crystallography. The effect of incorporating different functional groups on the dppz ligand on the binding into CT-DNA was evaluated by absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence quenching of EtBr-DNA adducts, and viscosity measurements. The functional groups affected the binding modes and hence the strength of binding affinities, as suggested by the changes in the relative viscosity. The differences in the quenching constants (Ksv) obtained from the fluorescence quenching assay highlight the importance of the functional groups in altering the binding sites on the DNA. The molecular docking data support the DNA-binding studies, with the sites and mode of interactions against B-DNA changing with the different functional groups. Evaluation of the anticancer activities of the five copper compounds against two different cancer cell lines (M-14 and MCF-7) indicated the importance of the functional groups on the dppz ligand on the anticancer activities. Among the five copper complexes, the cyano-containing complex (Cu-3) has the best anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammar Alsaedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Bandar A. Babgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-555563702
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Chemistry Department, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Sciences, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad N. Arshad
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdul-Hamid M. Emwas
- Core Labs, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Abdullah M. Asiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.A.H.)
- Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials Research (CEAMR), King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mostafa A. Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.); (M.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt
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26
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Zajda J, Wróblewska A, Ruzik L, Matczuk M. Methodology for characterization of platinum-based drug's targeted delivery nanosystems. J Control Release 2021; 335:178-190. [PMID: 34022322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Conventional anticancer therapies exploiting platinum-based drugs rely principally on the intravascular injection of the therapeutic agent. The anticancer drug is distributed throughout the body by the systemic blood circulation undergoing cellular uptake, rapid clearance and excretion. Consequently, only a small portion of the platinum-based drug reaches the tumor site, which is associated with severe side effects. For this reason, targeted delivery systems are of great need since they offer enhanced and selective delivery of a drug to cancerous cells making the therapy safe and more effective. Up to date, a variety of the Pt-based drug targeted delivery systems (Pt-based DTDSs) utilizing nanomaterials have been developed and tested using a range of analytical techniques that provided essential information on their synthesis, stability, biodistribution and cytotoxicity. Here we summarize those experimental techniques indicating their applicability at different stages of the research, as well as pointing out their strengths, advantages, drawbacks and limitations. Also, the existing strategies and approaches are critically reviewed with the objective to reveal and give rise to the development of the analytical methodology suitable for reliable Pt-based DTDSs characterization which would eventually result in novel therapies and better patients' outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zajda
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Wróblewska
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - L Ruzik
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Matczuk
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego St. 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.
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Legin AA, Schintlmeister A, Sommerfeld NS, Eckhard M, Theiner S, Reipert S, Strohhofer D, Jakupec MA, Galanski MS, Wagner M, Keppler BK. Nano-scale imaging of dual stable isotope labeled oxaliplatin in human colon cancer cells reveals the nucleolus as a putative node for therapeutic effect. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:249-262. [PMID: 36131874 PMCID: PMC9419577 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00685h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin shows a superior clinical activity in colorectal cancer compared to cisplatin. Nevertheless, the knowledge about its cellular distribution and the mechanisms responsible for the different range of oxaliplatin-responsive tumors is far from complete. In this study, we combined highly sensitive element specific and isotope selective imaging by nanometer-scale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) with transmission electron microscopy to investigate the subcellular accumulation of oxaliplatin in three human colon cancer cell lines (SW480, HCT116 wt, HCT116 OxR). Oxaliplatin bearing dual stable isotope labeled moieties, i.e. 2H-labeled diaminocyclohexane (DACH) and 13C-labeled oxalate, were applied for comparative analysis of the subcellular distribution patterns of the central metal and the ligands. In all the investigated cell lines, oxaliplatin was found to have a pronounced tendency for cytoplasmic aggregation in single membrane bound organelles, presumably related to various stages of the endocytic pathway. Moreover, nuclear structures, heterochromatin and in particular nucleoli, were affected by platinum-drug exposure. In order to explore the consequences of oxaliplatin resistance, subcellular drug distribution patterns were investigated in a pair of isogenic malignant cell lines with distinct levels of drug sensitivity (HCT116 wt and HCT116 OxR, the latter with acquired resistance to oxaliplatin). The subcellular platinum distribution was found to be similar in both cell lines, with only slightly higher accumulation in the sensitive HCT116 wt cells which is inconsistent with the resistance factor of more than 20-fold. Instead, the isotopic analysis revealed a disproportionally high accumulation of the oxalate ligand in the resistant cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton A Legin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
- Research Network "Chemistry Meets Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Arno Schintlmeister
- Research Network "Chemistry Meets Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Large-Instrument Facility for Environmental and Isotope Mass Spectrometry, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Nadine S Sommerfeld
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
| | - Margret Eckhard
- Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructural Research, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Sarah Theiner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Siegfried Reipert
- Core Facility Cell Imaging and Ultrastructural Research, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Daniel Strohhofer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
| | - Michael A Jakupec
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
- Research Network "Chemistry Meets Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Mathea S Galanski
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
| | - Michael Wagner
- Research Network "Chemistry Meets Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Large-Instrument Facility for Environmental and Isotope Mass Spectrometry, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria +43 1 4277 852601 +43 1 4277 52610
- Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
- Research Network "Chemistry Meets Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science", University of Vienna A-1090 Vienna Austria
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Liu R, Yuan C, Feng Y, Qian J, Huang X, Chen Q, Zhou S, Ding Y, Zhai B, Mei W, Yao L. Microwave-assisted synthesis of ruthenium(ii) complexes containing levofloxacin-induced G2/M phase arrest by triggering DNA damage. RSC Adv 2021; 11:4444-4453. [PMID: 35424377 PMCID: PMC8694345 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09418h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ru(ii) complexes have attracted increasing attention as promising antitumor agents for their relatively low toxicity, high affinity to DNA molecules, and correlation with multiple targets. Meanwhile, quinolones are synthetic antibacterial agents widely used in the clinical practice. In this paper, two novel Ru(ii) complexes coordinated by levofloxacin (LOFLX), [Ru(bpy)2(LOFLX)]·2ClO4 (1), and [Ru(dmbpy)2(LOFLX)]·2ClO4 (2) (bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine, dmbpy = 4,4′-dimethyl-2,2′-bipyridine) were synthesized with high efficiency under microwave irradiation and characterized by ESI-MS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR. The binding behavior of these complexes with double-strand calf thymus DNA(CT-DNA) was investigated using spectroscopy, molecular docking, and density functional theory calculations. Results showed that 2 exhibited higher binding affinity than 1 and LOFLX. Further studies showed that 2 could induce the G2/M phase arrest of A549 cells via DNA damage. In summary, these results indicated that 2 could be developed as a potential anticancer agent in treatment of lung cancer through the induction of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase by triggering DNA damage. This study showed that levofloxacin-based ruthenium(ii) complex 2 effectively inhibited the growth of A549 cells by inducing G2/M phase arrest through triggering DNA damage.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Liu
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
| | - Chanling Yuan
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yin Feng
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
| | - Jiayi Qian
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qiutong Chen
- School of Politics and Public Administration
- South China Normal University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Shuyuan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Bio-Medical Imaging
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Yin Ding
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
| | - Bingbing Zhai
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Wenjie Mei
- School of Pharmacy
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
- Guangdong Province Engineering Technology Centre for Molecular Probe and Bio-Medical Imaging
| | - Liangzhong Yao
- The First Affiliation Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University
- Guangzhou 510062
- China
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Alsaeedi MS, Babgi BA, Abdellattif MH, Jedidi A, Humphrey MG, Hussien MA. DNA-Binding Capabilities and Anticancer Activities of Ruthenium(II) Cymene Complexes with (Poly)cyclic Aromatic Diamine Ligands. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010076. [PMID: 33375289 PMCID: PMC7795900 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ruthenium(II) arene complexes of the general formula [RuCl(η6-p-cymene)(diamine)]PF6 (diamine = 1,2-diaminobenzene (1), 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (2), 9,10-diaminophenanthrene (3), 2,3-diaminophenazine (4), and 1,2-diaminoanthraquinone (5) were synthesized. Chloro/aqua exchange was evaluated experimentally for complexes 1 and 2. The exchange process was investigated theoretically for all complexes, revealing relatively fast exchange with no significant influence from the polycyclic aromatic diamines. The calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) binding of the complexes increased dramatically upon extending the aromatic component of the diamines, as evaluated by changes in absorption spectra upon titration with different concentrations of CT-DNA. An intercalation binding mode was established for the complexes using the increase in the relative viscosity of the CT-DNA following addition of complexes 1 and 2. Theoretical studies showed strong preference for replacement of water by guanine for all the complexes, and relatively strong Ru-Nguanine bonds. The plane of the aromatic systems can assume angles that support non-classical interactions with the DNA and covalent binding, leading to higher binding affinities. The ruthenium arenes illustrated in this study have promising anticancer activities, with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values comparable to or better than cisplatin against three cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S. Alsaeedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.J.); (M.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar A. Babgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.J.); (M.A.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-555563702
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Chemistry Department, Deanship of Scientific Research, College of Sciences, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdesslem Jedidi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.J.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Mostafa A. Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (A.J.); (M.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said 42521, Egypt
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Chen S, Yao H, Zhou Q, Tse MK, Gunawan YF, Zhu G. Stability, Reduction, and Cytotoxicity of Platinum(IV) Anticancer Prodrugs Bearing Carbamate Axial Ligands: Comparison with Their Carboxylate Analogues. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11676-11687. [PMID: 32799457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Platinum(IV) complexes containing carboxylate and carbamate ligands at the axial position have been reported previously. A better understanding of the similarity and difference between the two types of ligands will provide us with new insights and more choices to design novel Pt(IV) complexes. In this study, we systematically investigated and compared the properties of Pt(IV) complexes bearing the two types of ligands. Ten pairs of unsymmetric Pt(IV) complexes bearing axial carbamate or carboxylate ligands were synthesized and characterized. The stability of these Pt(IV) complexes in a PBS buffer with or without a reducing agent was investigated, and most of these complexes exhibited good stability. Besides, most Pt(IV) prodrugs with carbamate axial ligands were reduced faster than the corresponding ones with carboxylate ligands. Furthermore, the aqueous solubilities and lipophilicities of these Pt(IV) complexes were tested. All the carbamate complexes showed better aqueous solubility and decreased lipophilicity as compared to those of the corresponding carboxylate complexes, due to the increased polarity of carbamate ligands. Biological properties of these complexes were also evaluated. Many carbamate complexes showed cytotoxicity similar to that of the carboxylate complexes, which may derive from the lower cellular accumulation but faster reduction of the former. Our research highlights the differences between the Pt(IV) prodrugs containing carbamate and carboxylate axial ligands and may contribute to the future rational design of Pt-based anticancer prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Houzong Yao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
| | - Man-Kit Tse
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliana F Gunawan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong SAR 999077, People's Republic of China.,City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 5108057, People's Republic of China
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Galvez L, Rusz M, Schwaiger-Haber M, El Abiead Y, Hermann G, Jungwirth U, Berger W, Keppler BK, Jakupec MA, Koellensperger G. Preclinical studies on metal based anticancer drugs as enabled by integrated metallomics and metabolomics. Metallomics 2020; 11:1716-1728. [PMID: 31497817 DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00141g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Resistance development is a major obstacle for platinum-based chemotherapy, with the anticancer drug oxaliplatin being no exception. Acquired resistance is often associated with altered drug accumulation. In this work we introduce a novel -omics workflow enabling the parallel study of platinum drug uptake and its distribution between nucleus/protein and small molecule fraction along with metabolic changes after different treatment time points. This integrated metallomics/metabolomics approach is facilitated by a tailored sample preparation workflow suitable for preclinical studies on adherent cancer cell models. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry monitors the platinum drug, while the metabolomics tool-set is provided by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography combined with high-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The implemented method covers biochemical key pathways of cancer cell metabolism as shown by a panel of >130 metabolite standards. Furthermore, the addition of yeast-based 13C-enriched internal standards upon extraction enabled a novel targeted/untargeted analysis strategy. In this study we used our method to compare an oxaliplatin sensitive human colon cancer cell line (HCT116) and its corresponding resistant model. In the acquired oxaliplatin resistant cells distinct differences in oxaliplatin accumulation correlated with differences in metabolomic rearrangements. Using this multi-omics approach for platinum-treated samples facilitates the generation of novel hypotheses regarding the susceptibility and resistance towards oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Galvez
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Alsaeedi MS, Babgi BA, Hussien MA, Abdellattif MH, Humphrey MG. DNA-Binding and Anticancer Activity of Binuclear Gold(I) Alkynyl Complexes with a Phenanthrenyl Bridging Ligand. Molecules 2020; 25:E1033. [PMID: 32106590 PMCID: PMC7179095 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
3,6-Diethynyl-9,10-diethoxyphenanthrene (4) was synthesized from phenanthrene and employed in the synthesis of the binuclear gold(I) alkynyl complexes (R3P)Au(C≡C-3-[C14H6-9,10-diethoxy]-6-C≡C)Au(PR3) (R = Ph (5a), Cy (5b)). The diyne 4 and complexes 5a and 5b were characterized by NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. UV-Vis spectroscopy studies of the metal complexes and precursor diyne show strong p à p* transitions in the near UV region that red shift by ca. 50 nm upon coordination at the gold centers. The emission spectrum of 4 shows an intense fluorescence band centered at 420 nm which red shifts, slightly upon coordination of 4 to gold. Binding studies of 4, 5a, and 5b against calf thymus DNA were carried out, revealing that 4, 5a, and 5b have >40% stronger binding affinities than the commonly used intercalating agent ethidium bromide. The molecular docking scores of 4, 5a, and 5b with B-DNA suggest a similar trend in behavior to that observed in the DNA-binding study. Unlike the ligand 4, promising anticancer properties for 5a and 5b were observed against several cell lines; the DNA binding capability of the precursor alkyne was maintained, and its anticancer efficacy enhanced by the gold centers. Such phenanthrenyl complexes could be promising candidates in certain biological applications because the two components (phenanthrenyl bridge and metal centers) can be altered independently to improve the targeting of the complex, as well as the biological and physicochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona S. Alsaeedi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Bandar A. Babgi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.H.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Arts, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 344 Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mostafa A. Hussien
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Magda H. Abdellattif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Al-Haweiah, P.O. Box 888, Taif 21974, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mark G. Humphrey
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
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Karmakar S, Poetsch I, Kowol CR, Heffeter P, Gibson D. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Water-Soluble Dual- and Triple-Action Satraplatin Derivatives: Replacement of Equatorial Chlorides of Satraplatin by Acetates. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16676-16688. [PMID: 31790216 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pt(II) complexes, such as cisplatin and oxaliplatin, are in widespread use as anticancer drugs. Their use is limited by the toxic side effects and the ability of tumors to develop resistance to the drugs. A popular approach to overcome these drawbacks is to use their kinetically inert octahedral Pt(IV) derivatives that act as prodrugs. The most successful Pt(IV) complex in clinical trials to date is satraplatin, cct-[Pt(NH3)(c-hexylamine)Cl2(OAc)2], that upon cellular reduction releases the cytotoxic cis-[Pt(NH3)(c-hexylamine)Cl2]. In an attempt to obtain water-soluble and more effective cytotoxic Pt(IV) complexes, we prepared a series of dual- and triple-action satraplatin analogues, where the equatorial chlorido ligands were replaced with acetates and the axial ligands include innocent and bioactive ligands. Replacement of the chlorides with acetates enhanced the water solubility of the compounds and, with one exception, all of the compounds were very stable in buffer. In general, compounds with one or two axial hydroxido ligands were reduced by ascorbate significantly more quickly than compounds with two axial carboxylates. While replacement of the chlorides with acetates in satraplatin led to a reduction in cytotoxicity, the dual- and triple-action analogues with equatorial acetates had low- to sub-micromolar IC50 values in a panel of eight cancer cells. The triple-action compound cct-[Pt(NH3)(c-hexylamine)(OAc)2(PhB)(DCA)] was active in all cell lines, causing DNA damage that induced cell cycle inhibition and apoptosis. Its good activity against CT26 cells in vitro translated into good in vivo efficacy against the CT26 allograft, an in vivo model with intrinsic satraplatin resistance. This indicates that multiaction Pt(IV) derivatives of diamine dicarboxylates are interesting anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhendu Karmakar
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
| | - Isabella Poetsch
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I , Medical University of Vienna , Borschkegasse 8a , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I , Medical University of Vienna , Borschkegasse 8a , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Dan Gibson
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy , The Hebrew University , Jerusalem 91120 , Israel
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Al-Khathami ND, Al-Rashdi KS, Babgi BA, Hussien MA, Nadeem Arshad M, Eltayeb NE, Elsilk SE, Lasri J, Basaleh AS, Al-Jahdali M. Spectroscopic and biological properties of platinum complexes derived from 2-pyridyl Schiff bases. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Heterobinuclear copper(II)‑platinum(II) complexes with oxindolimine ligands: Interactions with DNA, and inhibition of kinase and alkaline phosphatase proteins. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110863. [PMID: 31683126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Two mononuclear copper(II) compounds, [Cu(isad)(H2O)Cl]Cl 1 and [Cu(isah)(H2O)Cl]Cl 2, and its corresponding heterobinuclear species containing also platinum(II), [CuCl(isad)Pt(NH3)Cl2] 3 and [CuCl(isah)Pt(NH3)Cl2] 4 (where isad and isah are oxindolimine ligands, (E)-3-(2-(3-aminopropylamino)ethylimino)indolin-2-one, and (E)-3-(3-amino-2-hydroxypropylimino)indolin-2-one, respectively), have been previously synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques in our laboratory. Cytotoxicity assays performed with B16F10 murine cancer cells, and MES-SA human uterine sarcoma cells, showed IC50 values lower or in the same order of cisplatin. Herein, in order to better elucidate their probable modes of action, possible interaction and damage to DNA, as well as their effect on the activity of crucial proteins were verified. Both mononuclear complexes and the binuclear compound 4 displayed a significant cleavage activity toward plasmid DNA, while compound 3 tends to protect DNA from oxidative damage, avoiding degradation. Complementary experiments indicated a significant inhibition activity toward cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK1/cyclinB) activity in the phosphorylation of histone H1, and only moderate inhibition concerning alkaline phosphatase. Results also revealed that the reactivity is reliant on the ligand structure and on the nature of the metal present, in a synergistic effect. Simulation studies complemented and supported our results, indicating different bindings of the binuclear compounds to DNA. Therefore, the verified cytotoxicity of these complexes comprises multiple modes of action, including modification of DNA conformation, scission of DNA strands by reactive oxygen species, and inhibition of selected proteins that are crucial to the cellular cycle.
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Askari B, Amiri Rudbari H, Micale N, Schirmeister T, Efferth T, Seo EJ, Bruno G, Schwickert K. Ruthenium(ii) and palladium(ii) homo- and heterobimetallic complexes: synthesis, crystal structures, theoretical calculations and biological studies. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:15869-15887. [PMID: 31620752 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02353d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Four Ru-Pd heterobimetallic complexes, each one in two different coordination modes (NNSS and NS) having metals connected by a binucleating dialkyldithiooxamidate [N(R)SC-CS(R)N] [R = methyl, ethyl, n-butyl and isopropyl], were prepared by reacting the monochelate [(trinpropyl-phosphine)ClPd(HR2C2N2S2κ-S,S-Pd)] with [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl2]2. Furthermore, two palladium homobimetallic complexes having two (trinpropyl-phosphine)ClPd moieties joined by a diethyldithiooxamidate in both κ-N,S Pd, κ-N',S' Pd' and κ-N,N' Pd, κ-S,S' Pd' coordination modes were synthesized. For both kinds of complexes, homo- and heterobimetallic, at room temperature and in chloroform solution, the NNSS coordination mode (kinetic compounds) turns out to be unstable and therefore the resulting complexes rearrange into a thermodynamically more stable form (NS coordination mode). The crystal structures of [(trinpropyl-phosphine)ClPd]2[μ-(ethyl)2-DTO κ-N,S Pd, κ-N',S' Pd'] (2) and [(η6-p-cymene)ClRu][μ-(methyl)2-DTO κ-N,S Ru, κ-N,S Pd] [(trinpropyl-phosphine)ClPd] (1c) were determined by solid state X-ray crystallography. Moreover, the higher stability of the thermodynamic species in the heterobimetallic complexes (Ru-Pd) was evaluated by means of computational studies in accordance with the maximum hardness principle. All stable NS complexes (i.e.1c-4c, 2 and the previously reported homobimetallic Ru complex 3) were tested against two leukemia cell lines, namely the drug-sensitive CCRF-CEM cell line and its multidrug-resistant sub-cell line CEM/ADR5000 showing anti-proliferative activity in the low micromolar range (∼1-5 μM) and micromolar range (∼10-25 μM), respectively. In addition, these complexes efficaciously block at least two out of the three proteolytic activities of the tumor target 20S proteasome, with heterobimetallic complex 3c and homobimetallic complex 3 possessing the best inhibitory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafshe Askari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Hadi Amiri Rudbari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.
| | - Nicola Micale
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ean-Jeong Seo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Bruno
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres 31, I-98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Kevin Schwickert
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Staudingerweg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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38
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Nardella MI, Rosato A, Belviso BD, Caliandro R, Natile G, Arnesano F. Oxidation of Human Copper Chaperone Atox1 and Disulfide Bond Cleavage by Cisplatin and Glutathione. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184390. [PMID: 31500118 PMCID: PMC6769983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells cope with high oxidative stress levels, characterized by a shift toward the oxidized form (GSSG) of glutathione (GSH) in the redox couple GSSG/2GSH. Under these conditions, the cytosolic copper chaperone Atox1, which delivers Cu(I) to the secretory pathway, gets oxidized, i.e., a disulfide bond is formed between the cysteine residues of the Cu(I)-binding CxxC motif. Switching to the covalently-linked form, sulfur atoms are not able to bind the Cu(I) ion and Atox1 cannot play an antioxidant role. Atox1 has also been implicated in the resistance to platinum chemotherapy. In the presence of excess GSH, the anticancer drug cisplatin binds to Cu(I)-Atox1 but not to the reduced apoprotein. With the aim to investigate the interaction of cisplatin with the disulfide form of the protein, we performed a structural characterization in solution and in the solid state of oxidized human Atox1 and explored its ability to bind cisplatin under conditions mimicking an oxidizing environment. Cisplatin targets a methionine residue of oxidized Atox1; however, in the presence of GSH as reducing agent, the drug binds irreversibly to the protein with ammine ligands trans to Cys12 and Cys15. The results are discussed with reference to the available literature data and a mechanism is proposed connecting platinum drug processing to redox and copper homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Nardella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Benny D Belviso
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rocco Caliandro
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
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Lasorsa A, Nardella MI, Rosato A, Mirabelli V, Caliandro R, Caliandro R, Natile G, Arnesano F. Mechanistic and Structural Basis for Inhibition of Copper Trafficking by Platinum Anticancer Drugs. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:12109-12120. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Lasorsa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria I. Nardella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rosato
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rosanna Caliandro
- Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography laboratory (B(2)Cl), Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, Area Science Park Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rocco Caliandro
- Institute of Crystallography, CNR, via Amendola, 122/o, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Natile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Arnesano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Shakeri A, Panahi Y, Johnston TP, Sahebkar A. Biological properties of metal complexes of curcumin. Biofactors 2019; 45:304-317. [PMID: 31018024 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a naturally occurring phenolic compound isolated from Curcuma longa, has different pharmacological effects, including antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. However, curcumin has been found to have a limited bioavailability because of its hydrophobic nature, low-intestinal absorption, and rapid metabolism. Therefore, there is a need for enhancing the bioavailability and its solubility in water in order to increase the pharmacological effects of this bioactive compound. One strategy is curcumin complexation with transition metals to circumvent the abovementioned problems. Curcumin can undergo chelation with various metal ions to form metallo-complexes of curcumin, which may show greater effects as compared with curcumin alone. Promising results with metal curcumin complexes have been observed with regard to antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activity, as well as in treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The present review provides a concise summary of the characterization and biological properties of curcumin-metal complexes. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):304-317, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Shakeri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pötsch I, Baier D, Keppler BK, Berger W. Challenges and Chances in the Preclinical to Clinical Translation of Anticancer Metallodrugs. METAL-BASED ANTICANCER AGENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788016452-00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Despite being “sentenced to death” for quite some time, anticancer platinum compounds are still the most frequently prescribed cancer therapies in the oncological routine and recent exciting news from late-stage clinical studies on combinations of metallodrugs with immunotherapies suggest that this situation will not change soon. It is perhaps surprising that relatively simple molecules like cisplatin, discovered over 50 years ago, are still widely used clinically, while none of the highly sophisticated metal compounds developed over the last decade, including complexes with targeting ligands and multifunctional (nano)formulations, have managed to obtain clinical approval. In this book chapter, we summarize the current status of ongoing clinical trials for anticancer metal compounds and discuss the reasons for previous failures, as well as new opportunities for the clinical translation of metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Pötsch
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- University of Vienna, Department of Inorganic Chemistry Währingerstrasse Vienna 1090 Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Medical University of Vienna, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I Borschkegasse 8a 1090 Vienna Austria
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Heffeter P, Pape VFS, Enyedy ÉA, Keppler BK, Szakacs G, Kowol CR. Anticancer Thiosemicarbazones: Chemical Properties, Interaction with Iron Metabolism, and Resistance Development. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 30:1062-1082. [PMID: 29334758 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE During the past decades, thiosemicarbazones were clinically developed for a variety of diseases, including tuberculosis, viral infections, malaria, and cancer. With regard to malignant diseases, the class of α-N-heterocyclic thiosemicarbazones, and here especially 3-aminopyridine-2-carboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (Triapine), was intensively developed in multiple clinical phase I/II trials. Recent Advances: Very recently, two new derivatives, namely COTI-2 and di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC) have entered phase I evaluation. Based on the strong metal-chelating/metal-interacting properties of thiosemicarbazones, interference with the cellular iron (and copper) homeostasis is assumed to play an important role in their biological activity. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we summarize and analyze the data on the interaction of (α-N-heterocyclic) thiosemicarbazones with iron, with the special aim of bridging the current knowledge on their mode of action from chemistry to (cell) biology. In addition, we highlight the difference to classical iron(III) chelators such as desferrioxamine (DFO), which are used for the treatment of iron overload. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We want to emphasize that thiosemicarbazones are not solely removing iron from the cells/organism. In contrast, they should be considered as iron-interacting drugs influencing diverse biological pathways in a complex and multi-faceted mode of action. Consequently, in addition to the discussion of physicochemical properties (e.g., complex stability, redox activity), this review contains an overview on the diversity of cellular thiosemicarbazone targets and drug resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Heffeter
- 1 Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria .,2 Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research," Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika F S Pape
- 3 Institute of Enzymology , Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary .,4 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- 5 Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Szeged , Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bernhard K Keppler
- 2 Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research," Vienna, Austria .,6 Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergely Szakacs
- 1 Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria .,3 Institute of Enzymology , Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian R Kowol
- 2 Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research," Vienna, Austria .,6 Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Vienna, Austria
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43
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pH and thermo dual stimulus-responsive liposome nanoparticles for targeted delivery of platinum-acridine hybrid agent. Life Sci 2019; 217:41-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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44
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Śpiewak K, Świątek S, Jachimska B, Brindell M. Induction of transferrin aggregation by indazolium [tetrachlorobis(1 H-indazole)ruthenate( iii)] (KP1019) and its biological function. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01342c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pre-incubation ofKP1019with transferrin leads to the formation of adducts/aggregates, which inhibit the cytotoxic properties ofKP1019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudyna Śpiewak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Sylwia Świątek
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 30-239 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Barbara Jachimska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry
- Polish Academy of Sciences
- 30-239 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
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45
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Mashat KH, Babgi BA, Hussien MA, Nadeem Arshad M, Abdellattif MH. Synthesis, structures, DNA-binding and anticancer activities of some copper(I)-phosphine complexes. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Englinger B, Pirker C, Heffeter P, Terenzi A, Kowol CR, Keppler BK, Berger W. Metal Drugs and the Anticancer Immune Response. Chem Rev 2018; 119:1519-1624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alessio Terenzi
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Kowol
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Waehringer Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Borschkegasse 8a, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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47
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Gabano E, Ravera M, Zanellato I, Tinello S, Gallina A, Rangone B, Gandin V, Marzano C, Bottone MG, Osella D. An unsymmetric cisplatin-based Pt(iv) derivative containing 2-(2-propynyl)octanoate: a very efficient multi-action antitumor prodrug candidate. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:14174-14185. [PMID: 28984330 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02928d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The design, synthesis, characterization and biological properties of a Pt(iv) complex containing the very active inhibitor of histone deacetylase (2-propynyl)octanoic acid, POA, as an axial ligand are reported here. The title complex, namely (OC-6-44)-acetatodiamminedichlorido(2-(2-propynyl)octanoato)platinum(iv), 1, containing POA in racemic or in enantiomeric forms, was one/two orders of magnitude more active than cisplatin, depending on the chemo-sensitivity of the cancer cell lines. Moreover, 1 exhibited similar or even better antiproliferative activity than (OC-6-33)-diamminedichloridobis(2-propylpentanoato)platinum(iv), 2, containing two molecules of the well-known histone deacetylase inhibitor 2-propylpentanoic (valproic) acid. The high potency of 1 is likely due to its high cellular accumulation and to the synergism between the DNA-damaging cisplatin and the histone deacetylase inhibitor POA, both released upon the intracellular reduction of 1. Prodrug 1, after oral administration, caused an impressive reduction of the tumor mass (94%) in a model of solid tumor (murine Lewis lung carcinoma), compared to that of the control, whereas (intraperitoneal) cisplatin induced a tumor regression of 75% only. A good accumulation of 1 was observed in the tumor mass. The time course of the body weight attested that cisplatin induced elevated anorexia, whereas treatment with 1 did not induce significant body weight loss throughout the therapeutic experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Gabano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy.
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48
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Cellular Pharmacology of Palladinum(III) Hematoporphyrin IX Complexes: Solution Stability, Antineoplastic and Apoptogenic Activity, DNA Binding, and Processing of DNA-Adducts. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082451. [PMID: 30126243 PMCID: PMC6121444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two paramagnetic PdIII complexes of hematoporphyrin IX ((7,12-bis(1-hydroxyethyl)-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H-23H-porphyn-2,18-dipropionic acid), Hp), namely a dinuclear one [PdIII2(Hp-3H)Cl3(H2O)5]·2PdCl2, Pd1 and a mononuclear metalloporphyrin type [PdIII(Hp-2H)Cl(H2O)]·H2O, Pd2 have been synthesized reproducibly and isolated as neutral compounds at different reaction conditions. Their structure and solution stability have been assayed by UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy. The compounds researched have shown in vitro cell growth inhibitory effects at micromolar concentration against a panel of human tumor cell lines. A DNA fragmentation test in the HL-60 cell line has indicated that Pd1 causes comparable proapoptotic effects with regard to cisplatin but at substantially higher concentrations. Pd1 and cisplatin form intra-strand guanine bis-adducts as the palladium complex is less capable of forming DNA adducts. This demonstrates its cisplatin-dissimilar pharmacological profile. The test for efficient removal of DNA-adducts by the NER synthesis after modification of pBS plasmids with either cisplatin or Pd1 has manifested that the lesions induced by cisplatin are far better recognized and repaired compared those of Pd1. The study on the recognition and binding of the HMGB-1 protein to cisplatin or Pd1 modified DNA probes have shown that HMG proteins are less involved in the palladium agent cytotoxicity.
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49
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Heilos D, Röhrl C, Pirker C, Englinger B, Baier D, Mohr T, Schwaiger M, Iqbal SM, van Schoonhoven S, Klavins K, Eberhart T, Windberger U, Taibon J, Sturm S, Stuppner H, Koellensperger G, Dornetshuber-Fleiss R, Jäger W, Lemmens-Gruber R, Berger W. Altered membrane rigidity via enhanced endogenous cholesterol synthesis drives cancer cell resistance to destruxins. Oncotarget 2018; 9:25661-25680. [PMID: 29876015 PMCID: PMC5986646 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Destruxins, secondary metabolites of entomopathogenic fungi, exert a wide variety of interesting characteristics ranging from antiviral to anticancer effects. Although their mode of action was evaluated previously, the molecular mechanisms of resistance development are unknown. Hence, we have established destruxin-resistant sublines of HCT116 colon carcinoma cells by selection with the most prevalent derivatives, destruxin (dtx)A, dtxB and dtxE. Various cell biological and molecular techniques were applied to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underlying these acquired and highly stable destruxin resistance phenotypes. Interestingly, well-known chemoresistance-mediating ABC efflux transporters were not the major players. Instead, in dtxA- and dtxB-resistant cells a hyper-activated mevalonate pathway was uncovered resulting in increased de-novo cholesterol synthesis rates and elevated levels of lanosterol, cholesterol as well as several oxysterol metabolites. Accordingly, inhibition of the mevalonate pathway at two different steps, using either statins or zoledronic acid, significantly reduced acquired but also intrinsic destruxin resistance. Vice versa, cholesterol supplementation protected destruxin-sensitive cells against their cytotoxic activity. Additionally, an increased cell membrane adhesiveness of dtxA-resistant as compared to parental cells was detected by atomic force microscopy. This was paralleled by a dramatically reduced ionophoric capacity of dtxA in resistant cells when cultured in absence but not in presence of statins. Summarizing, our results suggest a reduced ionophoric activity of destruxins due to cholesterol-mediated plasma membrane re-organization as molecular mechanism underlying acquired destruxin resistance in human colon cancer cells. Whether this mechanism might be valid also in other cell types and organisms exposed to destruxins e.g. as bio-insecticides needs to be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Heilos
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Clemens Röhrl
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Englinger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dina Baier
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Decentralized Biomedical Facilities of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Schwaiger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sushilla van Schoonhoven
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Tanja Eberhart
- Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ursula Windberger
- Decentralized Biomedical Facilities of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Taibon
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sonja Sturm
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rita Dornetshuber-Fleiss
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Jäger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Division of Clinical Pharmacy and Diagnostics, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rosa Lemmens-Gruber
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Comprehensive Cancer Center of the Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Groza D, Gehrig S, Kudela P, Holcmann M, Pirker C, Dinhof C, Schueffl HH, Sramko M, Hoebart J, Alioglu F, Grusch M, Ogris M, Lubitz W, Keppler BK, Pashkunova-Martic I, Kowol CR, Sibilia M, Berger W, Heffeter P. Bacterial ghosts as adjuvant to oxaliplatin chemotherapy in colorectal carcinomatosis. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1424676. [PMID: 29721389 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1424676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers and a major cause of cancer mortality worldwide. At late stage of the disease CRC often shows (multiple) metastatic lesions in the peritoneal cavity which cannot be efficiently targeted by systemic chemotherapy. This is one major factor contributing to poor prognosis. Oxaliplatin is one of the most commonly used systemic treatment options for advanced CRC. However, drug resistance - often due to insufficient drug delivery - is still hampering successful treatment. The anticancer activity of oxaliplatin includes besides DNA damage also a strong immunogenic component. Consequently, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bacterial ghosts (BGs) as adjuvant immunostimulant on oxaliplatin efficacy. BGs are empty envelopes of gram-negative bacteria with a distinct immune-stimulatory potential. Indeed, we were able to show that the combination of BGs with oxaliplatin treatment had strong synergistic anticancer activity against the CT26 allograft, resulting in prolonged survival and even a complete remission in this murine model of CRC carcinomatosis. This synergistic effect was based on an enhanced induction of immunogenic cell death and activation of an efficient T-cell response leading to long-term anti-tumor memory effects. Taken together, co-application of BGs strengthens the immunogenic component of the oxaliplatin anticancer response and thus represents a promising natural immune-adjuvant to chemotherapy in advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Groza
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Gehrig
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics ( MMCT), Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Martin Holcmann
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Pirker
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carina Dinhof
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hemma H Schueffl
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Julia Hoebart
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics ( MMCT), Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Fatih Alioglu
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics ( MMCT), Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics ( MMCT), Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Bernhard K Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Irena Pashkunova-Martic
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R Kowol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Walter Berger
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heffeter
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Research Cluster "Translational Cancer Therapy Research", University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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