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Inguscio CR, Cisterna B, Carton F, Barberis E, Manfredi M, Malatesta M. Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17175. [PMID: 38139004 PMCID: PMC10742958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ex vivo treatment of a limited volume of blood with gaseous oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) mixtures and its rapid reinfusion into the patient is a widespread medical procedure. O3 instantly reacts with the blood's antioxidant systems, disappearing before reinfusion, although the molecules formed act as messengers in the organism, inducing multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. An appropriate dose of O3 is obviously essential to ensure both safety and therapeutic efficacy, and in recent years, the low-dose O3 concept has led to a significant reduction in the administered O3 concentrations. However, the molecular events triggered by such low concentrations in the blood still need to be fully elucidated. In this basic study, we analysed the molecular modifications induced ex vivo in sheep blood by 5 and 10 µg O3/mL O2 by means of a powerful metabolomics analysis in association with haemogas, light microscopy and bioanalytical assays. This combined approach revealed increased oxygenation and an increased antioxidant capacity in the O3-treated blood, which accorded with the literature. Moreover, original information was obtained on the impact of these low O3 concentrations on the metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides, with the modified metabolites being mostly involved in the preservation of the oxidant-antioxidant balance and in energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rita Inguscio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Flavia Carton
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Elettra Barberis
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
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Izadi M, Javanbakht M, Sarafzadeh A, Einollahi B, Futuhi F, Vahedi Z, Zhao S, Jonaidi-Jafari N, Hosseini MS, Nejad JH, Naeimi E, Saadat SH, Ghaleh HEG, Fazel M, Einollahi Z, Cegolon L. Efficacy of ozone therapy on visual evoked potentials in diabetic patients. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:140. [PMID: 37365632 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01114-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The involvement of the central nervous system is a frequent yet underestimated complication of diabetes mellitus. Visual evoked potentials (VEP) are a simple, sensitive, and noninvasive method for detecting early alterations in central optic pathways. The objective of this paralleled randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the impact of ozone therapy on visual pathways in diabetic patients. METHODS Sixty patients with type 2 diabetes visiting clinics of Baqiyatallah university in Tehran (Iran) hospital were randomly assigned to two experimental groups: Group 1 (N = 30) undergoing a cycle of 20 sessions of systemic oxygen-ozone therapy in addition to standard therapy for metabolic control; Group 2 (N = 30)-serving as control-receiving only standard therapy against diabetes. The primary study endpoints were two VEP parameters; P100 wave latency and P100 amplitude at 3 months. Moreover, HbA1c levels were measured before the start of treatment and three months later as secondary study endpoint. RESULTS All 60 patients completed the clinical trial. P100 latency significantly reduced at 3 months since baseline. No correlation was found between repeated measures of P100 wave latency and HbA1c (Pearson's r = 0.169, p = 0.291). There was no significant difference between baseline values and repeated measures of P100 wave amplitude over time in either group. No adverse effects were recorded. CONCLUSIONS Ozone therapy improved the conduction of impulses in optic pathways of diabetic patients. The improved glycemic control following ozone therpay may not fully explain the reduction of P100 wave latency though; other mechanistic effects of ozone may be involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Izadi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javanbakht
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Sarafzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
- Nephrology Department, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Clinical Science Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Futuhi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Nephrology Department, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Vahedi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hazrat-E Ali. Asghar Pediatrics Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shi Zhao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Mahboobeh Sadat Hosseini
- Health Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Hosseini Nejad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Effat Naeimi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Department, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Saadat
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Zahra Einollahi
- Nephrology Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luca Cegolon
- Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, University Health Agency Giuliano-ISontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy
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KUZAY D, SİRAV B, ÖZER Ç. Effects of RF and ELF Radiation on Oxidative Stress of Brain Tissue and Plasma of Diabetic Rats. KOCAELI ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2023. [DOI: 10.30934/kusbed.784547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Exposure to Radio Frequency (RF) and Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) radiation is increasing steadily with the progress of technology and industrialization. The aim of this study was to investigate whether RF and ELF radiation are oxidative stress effects in the plasma and brain tissue of diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
Methods: Experiment groups were designed as follows; C (control), S (sham), ELF (ELF radiation exposure), RF (RF radiation exposure), ELF+RF (ELF and RF radiation exposure), D-C (Diabetic Control), D-S (Diabetic Sham), D-ELF (Diabetic ELF), D-RF (Diabetic RF), D-ELF+RF (Diabetic ELF+RF). The experimental diabetes model was induced with a single dose of 65mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ). 2100 MHz RF and 50 Hz ELF radiation groups exposed for 1 month. Total nitric oxide (NOx), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total sulfhydryl groups (RSH) / glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in plasma and brain tissue.
Results: RF + ELF radiation exposure caused an increase in NOx and MDA levels in plasma and brain tissue of diabetic and non-diabetic rats (p<0.05). Exposure to RF and RF + ELF radiation caused a decrease in plasma RSH / tissue GSH levels in non-diabetic rats (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The most prominent effect was seen in the diabetic group with RF + ELF radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek KUZAY
- AHI EVRAN UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
| | - Bahriye SİRAV
- GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF BIOPHYSICS
| | - Çiğdem ÖZER
- GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES, DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY
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Combined Oxygen-Ozone Therapy for Mesh Skin Graft in a Cat with a Hindlimb Extensive Wound. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030513. [PMID: 36766402 PMCID: PMC9913348 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This case report describes a new therapeutic approach for a domestic shorthaired female cat, who has an extensive posttraumatic wound in the right hind limb. After patient stabilization, general anesthesia was started and the wound was cleaned and debrided of devitalized tissues, followed by the application of ozone therapy and bandage. Eight sessions of ozone therapy were performed for 17 days until the application of the skin graft. Three more sessions of ozone therapy were performed every 3 days postoperatively. The bagging method and the perilesional infiltration method were used. The ozone therapy ensured an accelerated recovery of the patient without any complications. According to our knowledge, this is the first case report with the use of ozone therapy to support a free skin graft in a cat. The new therapeutic approach could be used to accelerate healing of the wounds with a significant lack of substance, by supporting pre- and post-operative skin grafts.
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Düzgün E, Şahin T, Yeşiltaş SK, Alkan AA, Dikmen NT. Ozone-induced retinal vascular reactivity as assessed by optical coherence tomography angiography. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 39:102957. [PMID: 35690324 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the retinal vascular reactivity (RVR) of the macular and peripapillary capillary network in response to ozonated autohemotherapy (AHT) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS This was a single-centre prospective study. All participants that were planned to have a combination of major and minor ozone AHT underwent a complete ocular examination and OCTA imaging before and after the ozone AHT. Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) metrics and vessel density (VD) of superficial (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) plexus were assessed using the built-in software. RESULTS A total of 40 right eyes of 40 individuals were included. No significant differences were observed for the mean values of the FAZ metrics and choriocapillaris flow area following ozone AHT compared with baseline values (p > 0.05). The mean whole VD of SCP and DCP was 47.80 ± 2.18% and 53.09 ± 3.00% before treatment, which decreased to 47.68 ± 2.7% and 52.38 ± 3.07% after treatment (p = 0.660 and p = 0.097, respectively). No significant differences were observed in the vascular densities of both SCP and DCP in any quadrant (p > 0.05). The RPC density did not show significant alterations compared with baseline values, except the inferior-hemi region. The VD in the inferior-hemi peripapillary quadrant was significantly increased after ozone AHT (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION The ozone AHT did not cause evident RVR in the macular area, whereas the peripapillary area showed a partial response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyüp Düzgün
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tülay Şahin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sümeyra Keleş Yeşiltaş
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdurrahman Alpaslan Alkan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nejla Tükenmez Dikmen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Teplyakova O, Vinnik Y, Drobushevskaya A, Malinovskaya N, Kirichenko A, Ponedelnik D. Ozone improved the wound healing in type 2 diabetics via down-regulation of IL- 8, 10 and induction of FGFR expression. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022060. [PMID: 35546010 PMCID: PMC9171882 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i2.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Background and aim: We aimed to investigate the effect of ozonated autohaemotherapy (OA) on the wound healing, serum values of interleukin (IL) - 6, 8, 10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and local expression of fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) in type 2 diabetics with the acute soft-tissue infections. Methods: Patients in the first cohort (n-30) received a basic comprehensive treatment (BCT-group), and the second (n=28) also received OA (OA-group). Blood samples for ELISA and tissue specimens for the immunohistochemical examinations were collected at admission (day 0) and at the 9th day of inpatient treatment. Results: The additional using of OA has accelerated the timing of a single and the complete wound granulation and the timing to marginal epithelization, compared with the results of the standard treatment. The use of OA has significantly reduced the production of IL-8, 10 at 9th day. OA-group patients were characterized by consistently high levels of bFGF production in contrast to the BCT-group, where the decreasing in the serum bFGF level was observed. The maximum number of bFGFR - immunopositive labels was observed in OA-group out to 9th day (319,45 (249,90-348,43) versus baseline 192,65 (171,93-207,72), versus BCT-group 123,30 (105,23- 141,10), p<0,001). Conclusions: Application of OA in the complex treatment of the acute soft-tissue infections in diabetics makes it possible to achieve the significant reductions in the duration of the wound inflammation and regeneration phases by eliminating of overproduction of IL- 8, 10 and induction of expression of bFGF and its receptors. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Teplyakova
- Department of General Surgery named after Professor M. I. Gulman, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Yurii Vinnik
- Department of General Surgery named after Professor M. I. Gulman, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna Drobushevskaya
- Department of General Surgery named after Professor M. I. Gulman, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Center for collective use «Molecular & cell technologies», Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation .
| | - Natalia Malinovskaya
- Department of Biological Chemistry with the Course of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Research Institute of Molecular Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Center for collective use «Molecular & cell technologies», Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey Kirichenko
- Department of Pathological Anatomy named after Professor P. G. Podzolkov, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation; Department of Pathological Anatomy, Clinical hospital «RZD-Medicine» city Krasnoyarsk, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
| | - Darya Ponedelnik
- Department of General Surgery named after Professor M. I. Gulman, Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
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Ouidir M, Tekola-Ayele F, Canty T, Grantz KL, Sciscione A, Tong D, Jones RR, Sundaram R, Williams A, Stevens D, Mendola P. Acute ambient air pollution exposure and placental Doppler results in the NICHD fetal growth studies - Singleton cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 202:111728. [PMID: 34297937 PMCID: PMC8578287 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased placental vascular resistance is a proposed mechanism by which air pollution exposure during pregnancy lowers birth weight and increases pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders. OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of acute air pollution exposure during pregnancy on uterine and umbilical artery Doppler indicators of placental vascular resistance. METHODS After a first ultrasound to confirm gestational age, 2562 pregnant women recruited in 12 clinics throughout the United States underwent up to five standardized ultrasounds with Doppler measurements. Exposures to 11 air pollutants were estimated for the hour of ultrasound and each of the 2 h prior to ultrasound at the clinics using the National Air Quality Forecast Capability reanalysis products. We used mixed logistic regression to study the longitudinal odds ratio (OR) of any, uni- or bi-lateral systolic and diastolic uterine artery notching compared to no notching and the longitudinal OR of abnormal end diastolic flow of the umbilical artery compared to forward flow. Uterine and umbilical artery resistance indexes were studied using linear mixed models. RESULTS Each inter-quartile range (IQR) increase of particulate matter < 2.5 μm, nitrate, ammonium, primary organic matter (POM) and nitrogen dioxide during the hour of ultrasound was associated with a decreased risk of unilateral systolic notch and with increased resistance index of the left uterine artery. For the umbilical artery, each IQR increase in ozone was associated with decreased resistance index (b: -0.26, 95 % CI: -0.52, -0.01) and with a decreased risk of abnormal end diastolic flow (OR: 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.14, 0.94); while each IQR increase of elemental carbon and POM was associated with increased risk of abnormal end diastolic flow (OR: 1.47, 95 % CI: 1.02, 2.13 and OR: 1.67, 95 % CI: 1.17, 2.39, respectively). DISCUSSION Our results suggest acute air pollution exposure may influence placental vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ouidir
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fasil Tekola-Ayele
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Timothy Canty
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Katherine L Grantz
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anthony Sciscione
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christiana Care Health System, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Daniel Tong
- Center for Spatial Science and Systems, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rajeshwari Sundaram
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Williams
- University of North Dakota, School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Danielle Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pauline Mendola
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Colakerol A, Temiz MZ, Tavukcu HH, Aykan S, Ozsoy S, Sahan A, Kandirali E, Semercioz A. Effects of ozone treatment on penile erection capacity and nitric oxide synthase levels in diabetic rats. Int J Impot Res 2021; 33:1-8. [PMID: 32393847 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-020-0301-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to determine the effects of ozone treatment on functional and biochemical changes in corpus cavernosum of diabetic rats. A total of 18 rats were included in the study. The rats were divided into the three groups as control, diabetes mellitus, and diabetes mellitus + ozone therapy groups. In the latter, ozone gas mixture was administered intraperitoneally for 2 weeks after the induction of experimental diabetes model. Erectile response was evaluated by determining mean intracavernosal pressure. Tissue neuronal, inducible and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were evaluated with commercial ELISA kits. Immunohistochemical evaluation was also performed to determine the expression levels of nitric oxide synthases semiquantatively. Mean intracavernosal pressure and intracavernosal pressure/systemic arterial blood pressure ratio were significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus + ozone therapy group than those of diabetes mellitus group (24.57 ± 6.36 mmHg vs. 5.98 ± 2.04 mmHg, p = 0.005 and 0.81 ± 0.16 vs. 0.26 ± 0.11, p = 0.0001, respectively). The level of penile tissue endothelial nitric oxide synthase was significantly higher in diabetes mellitus + ozone therapy group compared with others (19.28 ± 3.40 ng/mL vs. 13.47 ± 2.06 ng/mL and 13.28 ± 1.48 ng/mL, P = 0.01). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression increased significantly with ozone therapy. Our results suggest that ozone therapy may be beneficial in reducing the negative effects of diabetes on erectile dysfunction as a result of enhanced enzymatic activity in endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aykut Colakerol
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Zafer Temiz
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Huseyin Tavukcu
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serdar Aykan
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sule Ozsoy
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Sahan
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Engin Kandirali
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Atilla Semercioz
- Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhuang ZG, Lu LJ, Peng BG, Ma K, Cai ZY, Fu ZJ, Liu GZ, Liu JF, Liu WT, Li XH, Song T, Wu DS, Yao J, Yao P, Yu JS, Liu YQ. Expert consensus of Chinese Association for the Study of Pain on the application of ozone therapy in pain medicine. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:2037-2046. [PMID: 33850923 PMCID: PMC8017497 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i9.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This consensus was compiled by first-line clinical experts in the field of pain medicine and was organized by the Chinese Association for the Study of Pain. To reach this consensus, we consulted a wide range of opinions and conducted in-depth discussions on the mechanism, indications, contraindications, operational specifications and adverse reactions of ozone iatrotechnique in the treatment of pain disorders. We also referred to related previous preclinical and clinical studies published in recent years worldwide. The purpose of this consensus is to standardize the rational application of ozone iatrotechnique in pain treatment, to improve its efficacy and safety and to reduce and prevent adverse reactions and complications in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Zhuang
- Department of Algology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450014, Henan Province, China
| | - Li-Juan Lu
- Department of Algology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bao-Gan Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Medical Center, General Hospital of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Ke Ma
- Department of Algology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Cai
- Department of Algology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Fu
- Department of Algology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guang-Zhao Liu
- Department of Algology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jin-Feng Liu
- Department of Algology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Tao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Department of Algology, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Algology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Da-Sheng Wu
- Department of Algology, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Changchun 130499, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Algology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Algology, Sheng Jing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jian-She Yu
- Department of Algology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010050, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- Department of Algology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
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Izadi M, Cegolon L, Javanbakht M, Sarafzadeh A, Abolghasemi H, Alishiri G, Zhao S, Einollahi B, Kashaki M, Jonaidi-Jafari N, Asadi M, Jafari R, Fathi S, Nikoueinejad H, Ebrahimi M, Imanizadeh S, Ghazale AH. Ozone therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia: A scoping review. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 92:107307. [PMID: 33476982 PMCID: PMC7752030 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Severe forms of COVID-19 can evolve into pneumonia, featured by acute respiratory failure due to acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In viral diseases, the replication of viruses is seemingly stimulated by an imbalance between pro-oxidant and antioxidant activity as well as by the deprivation of antioxidant mechanisms. In COVID-19 pneumonia, oxidative stress also appears to be highly detrimental to lung tissues. Although inhaling ozone (O3) gas has been shown to be toxic to the lungs, recent evidence suggests that its administration via appropriate routes and at small doses can paradoxically induce an adaptive reaction capable of decreasing the endogenous oxidative stress. Ozone therapy is recommended to counter the disruptive effects of severe COVID-19 on lung tissues, especially if administered in early stages of the disease, thereby preventing the progression to ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Izadi
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Luca Cegolon
- Local Health Unit N. 2 “Marca Trevigiana”, Public Health Department, Treviso, Italy
| | - Mohammad Javanbakht
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors at: Nephrology and Urology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Sarafzadeh
- Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding authors at: Nephrology and Urology Research Center Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolghasemi
- Pediatric Congenital Hematologic Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Alishiri
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shi Zhao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Behzad Einollahi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Kashaki
- Shahid Akbarabadi Clinical Research Development, Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mosa Asadi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramezan Jafari
- Department of Radiology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hassan Nikoueinejad
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrahimi
- Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sina Imanizadeh
- Student Research Committee (SRC), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Ghazale
- Student Research Committee (SRC), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Mehraban F, Rayati S, Mirzaaghaei V, Seyedarabi A. Highlighting the Importance of Water Alkalinity Using Phosphate Buffer Diluted With Deionized, Double Distilled and Tap Water, in Lowering Oxidation Effects on Human Hemoglobin Ozonated at High Ozone Concentrations in vitro. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:543960. [PMID: 33195405 PMCID: PMC7580503 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.543960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In autohemotherapy, it is important to find a way to lower the effects of oxidation, especially at high concentrations of ozone. One of the parameters, other than ozone concentration, which can have a significant effect on the stability and rate of decomposition of ozone at high concentrations, is the presence of ions in water. A number of spectroscopic techniques including intrinsic fluorescence, circular dichroism and UV–VIS were used as well as SDS-PAGE, Native-PAGE dynamic light scattering and water ion analysis, in order to investigate the effects of two relatively high concentrations of ozone on purified human hemoglobin (Hb) in phosphate buffer and diluted versions with deionized, double distilled and tap water in vitro. Purified human Hb and not whole blood human Hb was used in this study, since the addition of water to the whole blood would have caused the RBCs to lyse, affecting the purification of Hb for further analysis. Therefore, using purified Hb, it was possible to investigate the effects of dilution of 50 mM phosphate buffer to 10 mM phosphate buffer with different water types including non-ion containing deionized and double distilled water as well as ion-containing tap water, when ozonated at 55 and 80 μg/ml ozone. The fundamental changes in the secondary and tertiary structures of Hb were seen to be related to non-ozonated Hb samples diluted with deionized and double distilled waters, respectively. Generally, Hb oligomerization was more likely to occur at the higher concentration of ozone (80 μg/ml) and in samples where phosphate buffer was diluted with non-ion containing deionized and double distilled waters and not the ion-containing tap water. This could be explained by the presence of water alkalinity or bicarbonate ions in tap water, which can scavenge free radicals and reduce Hb oxidation/oligomerization. Therefore, it was concluded that Hb could best withstand high concentrations of ozone in the presence of the undiluted 50 mM phosphate buffer followed by phosphate buffer diluted with tap water, containing bicarbonate ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Mehraban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rayati
- Department of Chemistry, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Mirzaaghaei
- The Founder of Gardina Corporation and Manufacturer of Ozone Therapy Devices in Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Seyedarabi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Juchniewicz H, Lubkowska A. Oxygen-Ozone (O 2-O 3) Therapy in Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD): A Review Study. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2020; 16:579-594. [PMID: 32636631 PMCID: PMC7334138 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s255247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to review the current knowledge of oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) therapy and its effects on peripheral artery disease (PAD) risk factors, symptoms, as well as on PAD patients’ quality of life. From the in vitro studies, it has been concluded that the oxygen-ozone therapy exerts a positive effect on the platelet aggregation, cell remodeling, cytoskeletal elements organization and mitochondria structure. In animal studies, it has been shown that the O2-O3 therapy is an effective method in hypertension, and it diminishes the hypoxia state of various tissues. Clinical studies have provided evidence on the oxygen-ozone therapy effectiveness in low perfusion syndromes and hyperglycemia, as well as conditions with oxidative stress and inflammation. The oxygen-ozone therapy promotes faster recovery and enhances healing processes. It appears to be an effective adjunctive therapy in preventing peripheral artery disease complications such as occurrence of cardiovascular event, amputation or other extreme surgical solutions. It has been concluded that the O2-O3 therapy improves the quality of life of PAD patients. The oxygen-ozone therapy appears to have no adverse events or side effects. Moreover, it is very cost-effective, as standard treatment costs can be reduced by 25%. Easy clinical protocols allow the implementation of oxygen-ozone therapy into the usual care of PAD patients. Finally, the O2-O3 therapy may be meaningful especially for older patients and patients who are not eligible for standard revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Juchniewicz
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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13
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Wen Q, Chen Q. An Overview of Ozone Therapy for Treating Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes. Am J Med Sci 2020; 360:112-119. [PMID: 32534720 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is one of the most common and severe complications of diabetes mellitus, which is becoming increasingly prevalent throughout the world, with high mortality and morbidity. Because of the complex pathophysiological processes involved, DFU is difficult to treat effectively with traditional therapies. Ozone therapy, an emerging method, has been reported as potentially beneficial for closure of DFUs and may gradually move to the forefront of clinical practice. Possible mechanisms of action include antioxidant capacity, pathogen inactivation, vascular and endogenous growth factor modulation, and immune system activation. However, some researchers are skeptical about its safety, and clinical trials are lacking. This article reviews the current research and application of ozone therapy for DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
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14
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Gao L, Li T, Wang S, Wang J. Comprehensive treatment of diabetic hallux gangrene with lower extremity vascular disease: A case report. J Int Med Res 2019; 47:6374-6384. [PMID: 31771373 PMCID: PMC7045649 DOI: 10.1177/0300060519886993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot is a serious complication in patients with diabetes. It is caused by diabetes combined with lower extremity vascular lesions and neuropathy so that a wound does not heal for a long time. In severe cases, it may lead to bone marrow infection and bone destruction, with a high disability and fatality rate. This report describes the case of a patient with diabetic hallux gangrene with lower extremity vascular disease, which was treated by surgical debridement, ozone therapy, and vascular interventional surgery. Using this treatment, the diabetic foot can be cured better and faster, and a satisfactory effect can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital
| | - Tianbo Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital
| | - Jiangning Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Shijitan Hospital
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15
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Mehraban F, Seyedarabi A, Ahmadian S, Mirzaaghaei V, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. Personalizing the safe, appropriate and effective concentration(s) of ozone for a non-diabetic individual and four type II diabetic patients in autohemotherapy through blood hemoglobin analysis. J Transl Med 2019; 17:227. [PMID: 31311548 PMCID: PMC6636166 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes is a chronic disease associated with many problems and high costs. In recent decades, a lot of research has been carried out in order to improve methods of treatment of diabetic patients. One of the currently used complementary therapies for diabetes is ozone therapy or autohemotherapy. The beneficial effects of ozone has been proven in many diseases such as diabetes, but the critical issue is the determination of the safe and effective concentration of ozone reacting with blood and in particular hemoglobin. Methods A number of spectroscopic techniques including intrinsic fluorescence, circular dichroism and UV–VIS spectroscopies were used as well as SDS-PAGE, Native-PAGE and dynamic light scattering to analyze the effect of ozonation on hemoglobin of a non-diabetic individual and four diabetic patients in order to find the appropriate concentration(s) of ozone for personalized autohemotherapy. Results In this study, we determined the personalized concentration(s) for a safe and effective ozonation of a non-diabetic individual and four diabetic type II patients, based on blood hemoglobin analysis. Conclusions A number of techniques were used to determine the personalized ozone concentration(s) for a safe and effective autohemotherapy based on blood hemoglobin analysis. SDS-PAGE and dynamic light scattering were identified as the two main techniques needed for personalizing the ozone concentration(s) for each individual as otherwise hemoglobin in blood can oligomerise and cause serious damage if the inappropriate ozone concentration is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Mehraban
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arefeh Seyedarabi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahin Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Kushmakov R, Gandhi J, Seyam O, Jiang W, Joshi G, Smith NL, Khan SA. Ozone therapy for diabetic foot. Med Gas Res 2018; 8:111-115. [PMID: 30319766 PMCID: PMC6178637 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.241076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a burden to the diabetic community. With increasing medical bills, to unsuccessful treatment, those suffering from DFUs can use alternative therapeutics. First seen in the mid-1800s, ozone (O3) is thought to be unstable, due to inherent molecular nature. With the help of pharmaceutical science, various O3 treatments have flourished in the medical community to help those suffering from DFUs. Promising results are seen through numerous studies. Usually, a mixture of both O2 and O3 is seen in pressurized machines as administered to the foot ulcer. Foot ulcers, specifically DFUs, need to be assessed, cleaned, and treated as fast as possible for the fastest results. Results such as amputation can be seen if the foot is not attended to as soon as possible. With fast growing clinical trials in O3 therapy and quick administration of the O3, O3 therapy may be on the rise to be at the forefront of treating DFUs. Compelling evidence is seen in clinical trials, but more must be done to fully understand the role of O3 in DFUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Kushmakov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason Gandhi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Medical Student Research Institute, St. George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Omar Seyam
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wendy Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gunjan Joshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stony Brook Southampton Hospital, Southampton, NY, USA
| | | | - Sardar Ali Khan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Urology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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17
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Hu B, Zheng J, Liu Q, Yang Y, Zhang Y. The effect and safety of ozone autohemotherapy combined with pharmacological therapy in postherpetic neuralgia. J Pain Res 2018; 11:1637-1643. [PMID: 30214273 PMCID: PMC6118245 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s154154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We investigated the effect and safety of ozone autohemotherapy combined with pharmacological therapy in postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods Ninety-eight patients with PHN were enrolled in this study and randomly divided into a pharmacological therapy group and ozone autohemotherapy group (49 patients in each group). The PHN patients in the pharmacological therapy group were administered pharmacological therapy for 2 weeks, whereas PHN patients in the ozone autohemotherapy group were given ozone autohemotherapy (200 mL blood from patients, the concentration of medical ozone was set as 30 μg/mL using an ozone medical apparatus, 40 mL medical ozone was incubated in 200 mL autologous blood for 3–5 minutes) combined with pharmacological therapy for 2 weeks. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the 50% VAS reduction in the initial value, McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), the Patients’ Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument were used to evaluate the outcomes of all PHN patients before therapy and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after therapy. Results Forty-five patients in the pharmacological therapy group and 47 patients in the ozone autohemotherapy group completed the study. Compared with before therapy, the two groups showed significant improvements in VAS, MPQ, PGIC, and WHOQOL-BREF scores after therapy (P<0.05). Moreover, compared with the scores of the pharmacological therapy group, the ozone autohemotherapy group’s scores were significantly improved in the VAS, MPQ, PGIC, and WHOQOL-BREF as well as the 50% VAS reduction of the initial value after therapy (P<0.05). Finally, there were no statistically significant differences in adverse effects between groups after therapy (P>0.05). Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that ozone autohemotherapy combined with pharmacological therapy was superior to isolated pharmacological therapy in patients with PHN and was an effective and safe way to relieve PHN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Yunkuan Yang
- Department of Pain Management, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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18
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Abstract
Due to its strong oxidation activity, ozone has been well known to kill bacteria and exert toxic effects on human tissues. At the same time, ozone is being used for the treatment of diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease in some European countries. However, the use of ozone for therapeutic purposes, despite its strong toxic effects, remains largely unexplored. Interestingly, we found that intrarectal administration of ozone gas induced transient colonic epithelial cell damage characterized by the impairment of cell survival pathways involved in DNA replication, cell cycle, and mismatch repair. However, the damaged cells were rapidly extruded from the epithelial layer, and appeared to immediately stimulate turnover of the epithelial layer in the colon. Therefore, it is possible that ozone gas is able to trigger damage-induced rapid regeneration of intestinal epithelial cells, and that this explains why ozone does not cause harmful or persistent damage in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Himuro
- Department of Radiology and Department of Immunology, Kurume University of School of Medicine
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19
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Buyuklu M, Kandemir FM, Set T, Bakırcı EM, Degirmenci H, Hamur H, Topal E, Kucukler S, Turkmen K. Beneficial Effects of Ozone Therapy on Oxidative Stress, Cardiac Functions and Clinical Findings in Patients with Heart Failure Reduced Ejection Fraction. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2018; 17:426-433. [PMID: 28097518 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of study was to determine the effects of ozone therapy on the oxidative stress, cardiac functions and clinical findings in patients with heart failure reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). A total of 40 patients with New York Heart Association 2 and 3 HF with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35%, and 40 subjects without HF as control group were included in the study. Patients with HFrEF were given additional ozone therapy of major and minor administrations along with conventional HF treatment for 5 weeks. Before and after ozone therapy, left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes (LVESV, LVEDV) and the 6 minute walk distance (6MWD) and blood levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were measured. Ozone therapy significantly reduced the serum levels of NO and MDA (p < 0.001, respectively) and significantly increased the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH and GSHPx (p < 0.001, respectively). LVEDV and LVESV were found to be significantly reduced; however, LVEF was not found to be significantly increased (p = 0.567). As the biochemical improvement marker of HF, NT-proBNP was significantly reduced (p < 0.001). The clinical HF improvement marker of 6 minute walk distance was also modestly increased (p < 0.001). Ozone therapy might be beneficial in terms of activating antioxidant system and merit further therapeutic potential to conventional HF treatment in patients with HFrEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlu Buyuklu
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24500, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25000, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Turan Set
- Department of Family Physician, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61000, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Eftal Murat Bakırcı
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24500, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Husnu Degirmenci
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24500, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Hikmet Hamur
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24500, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ergun Topal
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan University, 24500, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Sefa Kucukler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, 25000, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kultigin Turkmen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42000, Konya, Turkey
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20
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Smith NL, Wilson AL, Gandhi J, Vatsia S, Khan SA. Ozone therapy: an overview of pharmacodynamics, current research, and clinical utility. Med Gas Res 2017; 7:212-219. [PMID: 29152215 PMCID: PMC5674660 DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.215752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of ozone (O3) gas as a therapy in alternative medicine has attracted skepticism due to its unstable molecular structure. However, copious volumes of research have provided evidence that O3's dynamic resonance structures facilitate physiological interactions useful in treating a myriad of pathologies. Specifically, O3 therapy induces moderate oxidative stress when interacting with lipids. This interaction increases endogenous production of antioxidants, local perfusion, and oxygen delivery, as well as enhances immune responses. We have conducted a comprehensive review of O3 therapy, investigating its contraindications, routes and concentrations of administration, mechanisms of action, disinfectant properties in various microorganisms, and its medicinal use in different pathologies. We explore the therapeutic value of O3 in pathologies of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, central nervous system, head and neck, musculoskeletal, subcutaneous tissue, and peripheral vascular disease. Despite compelling evidence, further studies are essential to mark it as a viable and quintessential treatment option in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony L Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jason Gandhi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Medical Student Research Institute, St. George's University School of Medicine, Grenada, West Indies
| | - Sohrab Vatsia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sardar Ali Khan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Urology, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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21
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Clavo B, Eltobgy K, Caballero E, Abad C, Rodríguez-Esparragón F, Santana-Rodríguez N. Is There a Place for Ozone Therapy in Patients with Heart Failure? Cardiovasc Toxicol 2017; 17:496-497. [PMID: 28853025 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernardino Clavo
- Research Unit, Dr. Negrín University Hospital, 35019, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain. .,Chronic Pain Unit, Dr. Negrín University Hospital, Las Palmas, Spain. .,Department of Radiation Oncology, Dr. Negrín University Hospital, Las Palmas, Spain.
| | - Khaled Eltobgy
- Medical Ozone Therapy Unit, Lekhwiya Medical Unit, Doha, Qatar.,Naval Hyperbaric Medical Institute, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Cipriano Abad
- Cardiac Surgery, Dr. Negrín University Hospital, Las Palmas, Spain
| | | | - Norberto Santana-Rodríguez
- Research Unit, Dr. Negrín University Hospital, 35019, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain.,Section of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Wu XN, Zhang T, Wang J, Liu XY, Li ZS, Xiang W, Du WQ, Yang HJ, Xiong TG, Deng WT, Peng KR, Pan SY. Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging following major ozonated autohemotherapy for treatment of acute cerebral infarction. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1115-21. [PMID: 27630695 PMCID: PMC4994454 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.187046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Major ozonated autohemotherapy has been shown to promote recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction, but whether major ozonated autohemotherapy affects remote injury remains poorly understood. Here, we assumed that major ozonated autohemotherapy contributes to recovery of clinical function, possibly by reducing remote injury after acute cerebral infarction. Sixty acute cerebral infarction patients aged 30-80 years were equally and randomly allocated to ozone treatment and control groups. Patients in the ozone treatment group received medical treatment and major ozonated autohemotherapy (47 mg/L, 100 mL ozone) for 10 ± 2 days. Patients in the control group received medical treatment only. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, modified Rankin scale score, and reduced degree of fractional anisotropy values of brain magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging were remarkably decreased, brain function improved, clinical efficiency significantly increased, and no obvious adverse reactions detected in the ozone treatment group compared with the control group. These findings suggest that major ozonated autohemotherapy promotes recovery of neurological function in acute cerebral infarction patients by reducing remote injury, and additionally, exhibits high safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Wu
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of MRI, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhen-Sheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei-Qing Du
- Department of MRI, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tie-Gen Xiong
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wen-Ting Deng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kai-Run Peng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Su-Yue Pan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Wu X, Li Z, Liu X, Peng H, Huang Y, Luo G, Peng K. Major ozonated autohemotherapy promotes the recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Neural Regen Res 2014; 8:461-8. [PMID: 25206688 PMCID: PMC4146136 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2013.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Major ozonated autohemotherapy is classically used in treating ischemic disorder of the lower limbs. In the present study, we performed major ozonated autohemotherapy treatment in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and assessed outcomes according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health Stroke Score, Modified Rankin Scale, and transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential. Compared with the control group, the clinical total effective rate and the cortical potential rise rate of the upper limbs were significantly higher, the central motor conduction time of upper limb was significantly shorter, and the upper limb motor-evoked potential amplitude was significantly increased, in the ozone group. In the ozone group, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Score was positively correlated with the central motor conduction time and the motor-evoked potential amplitude of the upper limb. Central motor conduction time and motor-evoked potential amplitude of the upper limb may be effective indicators of motor-evoked potentials to assess upper limb motor function in cerebral infarct patients. Furthermore, major ozonated autohemotherapy may promote motor function recovery of the upper limb in patients with acute cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Wu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhensheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yongjun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Gaoquan Luo
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kairun Peng
- Department of Neurology, Guangzhou General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command, Guangzhou 510010, Guangdong Province, China
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Abstract
This paper tries to emphasize two relevant concepts: the first is that type 2 diabetes is a chronic diseases characterized by both a dysmetabolism and a chronic oxidative stress. A variety of orthodox drugs are somewhat able to correct the metabolic alterations, but do not deal with the chronic inflammation. Consequently, as the validity of precisely treating blood with therapeutic ozone concentrations in restoring a redox homeostasis has been now demonstrated, the integration of ozone therapy appears essential for a rational treatment of type 2 diabetes. Such a combination may be able to reduce the diabetic epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velio Bocci
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Iacopo Zanardi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Valter Travagli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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Rattanangkool E, Kittikhunnatham P, Damsud T, Wacharasindhu S, Phuwapraisirisan P. Quercitylcinnamates, a new series of antidiabetic bioconjugates possessing α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 66:296-304. [PMID: 23811091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Antidiabetic agents possessing dual functions, α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant, have been accepted to be more useful than currently used antidiabetic drugs because they not only suppress hyperglycemia but also prevent risk of complications. Herein, we design antidiabetic bioconjugates comprising of (+)-proto-quercitol as a glucomimic and cinnamic analogs as antioxidant moieties. Fifteen quercitylcinnamates were synthesized by direct coupling through ester bond in the presence of DCC and DMAP. Particular quercityl esters 6a, 7a and 8a selectively inhibited rat intestinal maltase and sucrose 4-6 times more potently than their parents 6, 7 and 8. Of synthesized bioconjugates, 6a was the most potent inhibitor against maltase and sucrose with IC₅₀ values of 5.31 and 43.65 μM, respectively. Of interest, its inhibitory potency toward maltase was 6 times greater than its parent, caffeic acid (6), while its radical scavenging (SC₅₀ 0.11 mM) was comparable to that of commercial antioxidant BHA. Subsequent investigation on mechanism underlying inhibitory effect of 6a indicated that it blocked maltase and sucrose functions by mixed inhibition through competitive and noncompetitive manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eakkaphon Rattanangkool
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Bocci V, Zanardi I, Borrelli E, Travagli V. Reliable and effective oxygen-ozone therapy at a crossroads with ozonated saline infusion and ozone rectal insufflation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 64:482-9. [PMID: 22420654 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.2011.01427.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aims to highlight the advantages and safety of oxygen-ozone therapy (OOT) and to suggest ways to enhance its acceptance. KEY FINDINGS The treatment of a herniated disk by injecting a gaseous oxygen-ozone mixture inside the nucleus pulposus is a great clinical success. However, the use of OOT lags for a number of reasons, including lack of standardization, the need for numerous treatments, lack of knowledge and even denial. Anecdotally, several million treatments by OOT have been performed worldwide indicating its usefulness, mainly in peripheral arterial diseases and age-related macular degeneration. The scepticism that accompanies the systemic use of ozone can only be overcome by demonstrating the validity of OOT in controlled and randomized clinical trials. Cheaper and quicker methods, such as ozonating physiological saline with successive infusion as well as ozone rectal insufflations, are becoming popular, however, such alternative procedures are erratic, unstable and liable to be toxic, with deleterious consequences, and are likely to discredit the beneficial use of ozone. SUMMARY The approval of ozone in terms of both therapeutic efficacy and safety will depend on the results achieved by authoritative clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velio Bocci
- Dip. di Fisiologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Siena, Italy
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Sagai M, Bocci V. Mechanisms of Action Involved in Ozone Therapy: Is healing induced via a mild oxidative stress? Med Gas Res 2011; 1:29. [PMID: 22185664 PMCID: PMC3298518 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-1-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential mechanisms of action of ozone therapy are reviewed in this paper. The therapeutic efficacy of ozone therapy may be partly due the controlled and moderate oxidative stress produced by the reactions of ozone with several biological components. The line between effectiveness and toxicity of ozone may be dependent on the strength of the oxidative stress. As with exercise, it is well known that moderate exercise is good for health, whereas excessive exercise is not.Severe oxidative stress activates nuclear transcriptional factor kappa B (NFκB), resulting in an inflammatory response and tissue injury via the production of COX2, PGE2, and cytokines. However, moderate oxidative stress activates another nuclear transcriptional factor, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nrf2 then induces the transcription of antioxidant response elements (ARE). Transcription of ARE results in the production of numerous antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD, GPx, glutathione-s-transferase(GSTr), catalase (CAT), heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH-quinone-oxidoreductase (NQO-1), phase II enzymes of drug metabolism and heat shock proteins (HSP). Both free antioxidants and anti-oxidative enzymes not only protect cells from oxidation and inflammation but they may be able to reverse the chronic oxidative stress. Based on these observations, ozone therapy may also activate Nrf2 via moderate oxidative stress, and suppress NFκB and inflammatory responses. Furthermore, activation of Nrf2 results in protection against neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Mild immune responses are induced via other nuclear transcriptional factors, such as nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) and activated protein-1 (AP-1).Additionally, the effectiveness of ozone therapy in vascular diseases may also be explained by the activation of another nuclear transcriptional factor, hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1a), which is also induced via moderate oxidative stress. Recently these concepts have become widely accepted. The versatility of ozone in treating vascular and degenerative diseases as well as skin lesions, hernial disc and primary root carious lesions in children is emphasized. Further researches able to elucidate whether the mechanisms of action of ozone therapy involve nuclear transcription factors, such as Nrf2, NFAT, AP-1, and HIF-1α are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sagai
- Department of Physiology, Viale A, Moro 2, 53100, University of Siena, Italy.
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Bocci VA, Zanardi I, Travagli V. Ozone acting on human blood yields a hormetic dose-response relationship. J Transl Med 2011; 9:66. [PMID: 21575276 PMCID: PMC3125221 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to analyze why ozone can be medically useful when it dissolves in blood or in other biological fluids. In reviewing a number of clinical studies performed in Peripheral Arterial Diseases (PAD) during the last decades, it has been possible to confirm the long-held view that the inverted U-shaped curve, typical of the hormesis concept, is suitable to represent the therapeutic activity exerted by the so-called ozonated autohemotherapy. The quantitative and qualitative aspects of human blood ozonation have been also critically reviewed in regard to the biological, therapeutic and safety of ozone. It is hoped that this gas, although toxic for the pulmonary system during prolonged inhalation, will be soon recognized as a useful agent in oxidative-stress related diseases, joining other medical gases recently thought to be of therapeutic importance. Finally, the elucidation of the mechanisms of action of ozone as well as the obtained results in PAD may encourage clinical scientists to evaluate ozone therapy in vascular diseases in comparison to the current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velio A Bocci
- Dipartimento di Fisiologia, Università degli Studi di Siena, Viale Aldo Moro, 2, 53100, Siena, Italy.
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Abstract
The reader may be eager to examine in which diseases ozonetherapy can be proficiently used and she/he will be amazed by the versatility of this complementary approach (Table 9 1). The fact that the medical applications are numerous exposes the ozonetherapist to medical derision because superficial observers or sarcastic sceptics consider ozonetherapy as the modern panacea. This seems so because ozone, like oxygen, is a molecule able to act simultaneously on several blood components with different functions but, as we shall discuss, ozonetherapy is not a panacea. The ozone messengers ROS and LOPs can act either locally or systemically in practically all cells of an organism. In contrast to the dogma that “ozone is always toxic”, three decades of clinical experience, although mostly acquired in private clinics in millions of patients, have shown that ozone can act as a disinfectant, an oxygen donor, an immunomodulator, a paradoxical inducer of antioxidant enzymes, a metabolic enhancer, an inducer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase and possibly an activator of stem cells with consequent neovascularization and tissue reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velio Bocci
- Department of Physiology, University of Siena, via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy
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