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BharathwajChetty B, Sajeev A, Vishwa R, Aswani BS, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Kunnumakkara AB. Dynamic interplay of nuclear receptors in tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance: Shifting gears in malignant transformations and applications in cancer therapeutics. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:321-362. [PMID: 38517618 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-024-10171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Recent advances have brought forth the complex interplay between tumor cell plasticity and its consequential impact on drug resistance and tumor recurrence, both of which are critical determinants of neoplastic progression and therapeutic efficacy. Various forms of tumor cell plasticity, instrumental in facilitating neoplastic cells to develop drug resistance, include epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) alternatively termed epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity, the acquisition of cancer stem cell (CSC) attributes, and transdifferentiation into diverse cell lineages. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a superfamily of transcription factors (TFs) that play an essential role in regulating a multitude of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. NRs have been implicated to play a critical role in modulating gene expression associated with tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of how NRs regulate these key aspects of cancer biology. We discuss the diverse mechanisms through which NRs influence tumor cell plasticity, including EMT, stemness, and metastasis. Further, we explore the intricate relationship between NRs and drug resistance, highlighting the impact of NR signaling on chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies. We also discuss the emerging therapeutic strategies targeting NRs to overcome tumor cell plasticity and drug resistance. This review also provides valuable insights into the current clinical trials that involve agonists or antagonists of NRs modulating various aspects of tumor cell plasticity, thereby delineating the potential of NRs as therapeutic targets for improved cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandari BharathwajChetty
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Anjana Sajeev
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ravichandran Vishwa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Babu Santha Aswani
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG), Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Kaliniak S, Fiedoruk K, Spałek J, Piktel E, Durnaś B, Góźdź S, Bucki R, Okła S. Remodeling of Paranasal Sinuses Mucosa Functions in Response to Biofilm-Induced Inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:1295-1323. [PMID: 38434581 PMCID: PMC10906676 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s443420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhinosinusitis (RS) is an acute (ARS) or chronic (CRS) inflammatory disease of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa. CRS is a heterogeneous condition characterized by distinct inflammatory patterns (endotypes) and phenotypes associated with the presence (CRSwNP) or absence (CRSsNP) of nasal polyps. Mucosal barrier and mucociliary clearance dysfunction, inflammatory cell infiltration, mucus hypersecretion, and tissue remodeling are the hallmarks of CRS. However, the underlying factors, their priority, and the mechanisms of inflammatory responses remain unclear. Several hypotheses have been proposed that link CRS etiology and pathogenesis with host (eg, "immune barrier") and exogenous factors (eg, bacterial/fungal pathogens, dysbiotic microbiota/biofilms, or staphylococcal superantigens). The abnormal interplay between these factors is likely central to the pathophysiology of CRS by triggering compensatory immune responses. Here, we discuss the role of the sinonasal microbiota in CRS and its biofilms in the context of mucosal zinc (Zn) deficiency, serving as a possible unifying link between five host and "bacterial" hypotheses of CRS that lead to sinus mucosa remodeling. To date, no clear correlation between sinonasal microbiota and CRS has been established. However, the predominance of Corynebacteria and Staphylococci and their interspecies relationships likely play a vital role in the formation of the CRS-associated microbiota. Zn-mediated "nutritional immunity", exerted via calprotectin, alongside the dysregulation of Zn-dependent cellular processes, could be a crucial microbiota-shaping factor in CRS. Similar to cystic fibrosis (CF), the role of SPLUNC1-mediated regulation of mucus volume and pH in CRS has been considered. We complement the biofilms' "mechanistic" and "mucin" hypotheses behind CRS pathogenesis with the "structural" one - associated with bacterial "corncob" structures. Finally, microbiota restoration approaches for CRS prevention and treatment are reviewed, including pre- and probiotics, as well as Nasal Microbiota Transplantation (NMT).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krzysztof Fiedoruk
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jakub Spałek
- Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, 25-317, Poland
| | - Ewelina Piktel
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Bonita Durnaś
- Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, 25-317, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, 25-317, Poland
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, 25-317, Poland
| | - Sławomir Okła
- Holy-Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
- Institute of Medical Science, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, Kielce, 25-317, Poland
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Fouda A, Negi S, Zaremba O, Gaidar RS, Moroz YS, Rusanov E, Paraskevas S, Tchervenkov J. Discovery, Synthesis, and In Vitro Characterization of 2,3 Derivatives of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-Benzothiophene as Potent Modulators of Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor γt. J Med Chem 2023; 66:7355-7373. [PMID: 37172324 PMCID: PMC10259452 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) is a nuclear receptor that is expressed in a variety of tissues and is a potential drug target for the treatment of inflammatory and auto-immune diseases, metabolic diseases, and resistant cancer types. We herein report the discovery of 2,3 derivatives of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzothiophene modulators of RORγt. We also report the solubility in acidic/neutral pH, mouse/human/dog/rat microsomal stability, Caco-2, and MDR1-MDCKII permeabilities of a set of these derivatives. For this group of modulators, inverse agonism by steric clashes and push-pull mechanisms induce greater instability to protein conformation compared to agonist lock hydration. Independent of the two mechanisms, we observed a basal modulatory activity of the tested 2,3 derivatives of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-benzothiophene toward RORγt due to the interactions with the Cys320-Glu326 and Arg364-Phe377 hydrophilic regions. The drug discovery approach reported in the current study can be employed to discover modulators of nuclear receptors and other globular protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Fouda
- Department
of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
- Research
Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3H 2R9, Canada
| | - Sarita Negi
- Research
Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3H 2R9, Canada
| | | | | | - Yurii S. Moroz
- Chemspace
LLC, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
- Taras
Shevchenko National University of Kyïv, Kyïv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Eduard Rusanov
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of
Sciences of Ukraine, Kyïv 02094, Ukraine
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Steven Paraskevas
- Department
of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
- Research
Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3H 2R9, Canada
- Department
of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
- McGill
University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jean Tchervenkov
- Department
of Experimental Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
- Research
Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3H 2R9, Canada
- Department
of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1A4, Canada
- McGill
University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H4A 3J1, Canada
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Ghelichli M, Mohtasham N, Mohajertehran F, Farshbaf A, Anvari K, Taghipour A, Pakfetrat A, Ansari AH. Associations between RORγt and T-bet Expressions, clinicopathological indices and survival rate in oral Squamous cell carcinoma patients. Cytokine 2023; 163:156116. [PMID: 36621309 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancers are the sixth most common cancers around the world. According to the pivotal role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as the frequent form of malignant epithelial neoplasm in the oral cavity, we investigated the association between the expression of RORγt and T-bet genes as two transcription factors, clinicopathologic indices, and survival rate. METHODS AND MATERIALS Forty-two OSCC paraffin embded-blocks tissue samples and their surgical healthy margins (as a control group) were collected. Demographic information like age and gender, and medical history including tumor stage/grade, and following-up time were registered. The RORγt and T-bet expression were assessed by qPCR. The overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were analyzed by SPSS V.23 software. RESULTS The expression of RORγt and T-bet genes in OSCC patients were significantly higher than in surgical healthy margins (P < 0.001). Both expression demonstrated a significant difference between surgical healthy margins and tumor tissues related to gender and clinicopathological indices including stage and grade (P < 0.05). The expression of both genes in stage I patients was significant compared to stage IV (P < 0.05). The relation between expressions, OS, and DFS with clinical stage and histological grade of tumors was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Overexpression of RORγt and T-bet in OSCC patients with higher grade and stage in compare to surgical healthy margin highlighted their critical role in OSCC pathogenesis including oral epithelial cell differentiation, tumorigenesis process, and malignant transformation. Moreover, both mentioned genes can apply as prognostic biomarkers in OSCC patients. We suggest surgical healthy margin be considered as valuable biological area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghelichli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Nooshin Mohtasham
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farnaz Mohajertehran
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Alieh Farshbaf
- Dental Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Kazem Anvari
- Department of Radiotherapy Oncology and Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ali Taghipour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Atessa Pakfetrat
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Amir Houshang Ansari
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Shahrear S, Zinnia MA, Ahmed T, Islam ABMMK. Deciphering the role of predicted miRNAs of polyomaviruses in carcinogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166537. [PMID: 36089125 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human polyomaviruses are relatively common in the general population. Polyomaviruses maintain a persistent infection after initial infection in childhood, acting as an opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised populations and their association has been linked to carcinogenesis. A comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in consequence of polyomavirus infection remains elusive. However, the critical role of viral miRNAs and their potential targets in modifying the transcriptome profile of the host remains largely unknown. Polyomavirus-derived miRNAs have the potential to play a substantial role in carcinogenesis. Employing computational approaches, putative viral miRNAs along with their target genes have been predicted and possible roles of the targeted genes in many significant biological processes have been obtained. Polyomaviruses have been observed to target intracellular signal transduction pathways through miRNA-mediated epigenetic regulation, which may contribute to cancer development. In addition, BKPyV-infected human renal cell microarray data was coupled with predicted target genes and analysis of the downregulated genes indicated that viruses target multiple signaling pathways (e.g. MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway) in the host as well as turning off several tumor suppression genes (e.g. FGGY, EPHX2, CACNA2D3, CDH16) through miRNA-induced mechanisms, assuring cell transformation. This study provides a conceptual framework for the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the course of carcinogenesis upon polyomavirus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazzad Shahrear
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Tasnim Ahmed
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Barati M, Shabani M, Jabbari M, Khaki Bakhtiarvand V, Nikmehr P, Ahmadi H, Akbari ME, Davoodi SH. Antioxidant nutrients can increase high-dose Methotrexate efficacy in 4T1 breast tumor Model: An experimental study on Vitamin E Succinate and Methyl-selenic acid. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109011. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
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Identification of Tumor Antigens and Immune Subtypes of Malignant Mesothelioma for mRNA Vaccine Development. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10081168. [PMID: 35893817 PMCID: PMC9331978 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10081168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND mRNA-based cancer vaccines have been considered a promising anticancer therapeutic approach against various cancers, yet their efficacy for malignant mesothelioma (MESO) is still not clear. The present study is designed to identify MESO antigens that have the potential for mRNA vaccine development, and to determine the immune subtypes for the selection of suitable patients. METHODS A total of 87 MESO datasets were used for the retrieval of RNA sequencing and clinical data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases. The possible antigens were identified by a survival and a genome analysis. The samples were divided into two immune subtypes by the application of a consensus clustering algorithm. The functional annotation was also carried out by using the DAVID program. Furthermore, the characterization of each immune subtype related to the immune microenvironment was integrated by an immunogenomic analysis. A protein-protein interaction network was established to categorize the hub genes. RESULTS The five tumor antigens were identified in MESO. FAM134B, ALDH3A2, SAV1, and RORC were correlated with superior prognoses and the infiltration of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), while FN1 was associated with poor survival and the infiltration of APCs. Two immune subtypes were identified; TM2 exhibited significantly improved survival and was more likely to benefit from vaccination compared with TM1. TM1 was associated with a relatively quiet microenvironment, high tumor mutation burden, and enriched DNA damage repair pathways. The immune checkpoints and immunogenic cell death modulators were also differentially expressed between two subtypes. Finally, FN1 was identified to be the hub gene. CONCLUSIONS FAM134B, ALDH3A2, SAV1, RORC, and FN1 are considered as possible and effective mRNA anti-MESO antigens for the development of an mRNA vaccine, and TM2 patients are the most suitable for vaccination.
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Antioxidant nutrients can increase high-dose Methotrexate efficacy in 4T1 breast tumor Model: An experimental study on Vitamin E Succinate and Methyl-selenic acid. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109011. [PMID: 35803129 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer and immune system enhancing properties of Vitamin E succinate (VES) and methylselenic acid (MSA) administration on 4T1 breast tumor model under high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) therapy and folinic acid (FA) rescue. METHODS Thirty six 4T1 mammary carcinoma bearing mice were randomly divided into six groups: control (untreated; n = 6), treatment-1 (T1 group; HDMTX; n = 6), T2 (T1 + FA; n = 6), T3 (T2 + MSA; n = 6), T4 (T2 + VES; n = 6) and T5 (T3 + VES; n = 6). On day 21 of the study, all surviving mice were sacrificed and primary tumors and peripheral tissues were examined for histological and gene expression assays. The expression of GATA Binding Protein-3 (GATA3), forkhead box-P3 (FOXP3), T-bet and Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor γt (RORγt) were evaluated in tumors and spleens. Also, vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and UL16-Binding Protein 1 (ULBP-1) expression were evaluated in tumors. RESULTS The control, T4 and T5 groups were able to complete the entire 21-day study period. Also, significant tumor shrinkage was occurred in T4 group (P < 0.05). Suppression of splenic FOXP3 and GATA3 were observed in the mice receiving T4 and T5 regimens. Also, induction of tumoral FOXP3 and GATA3 were achieved in the T4 and T5 groups, respectively (P < 0.05). No metastasis occurred in T4 receiving group; while, lung and liver metastasis were observed in T5 group. CONCLUSION In this study, high and fixed dose of MTX was used. Further studies are needed to optimize MTX dose along with FA, VES and MSA.
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Clarkston K, Karns R, Jegga AG, Sharma M, Fox S, Ojo BA, Minar P, Walters TD, Griffiths AM, Mack DR, Boyle B, LeLeiko NS, Markowitz J, Rosh JR, Patel AS, Shah S, Baldassano RN, Pfefferkorn M, Sauer C, Kugathasan S, Haberman Y, Hyams JS, Denson LA, Rosen MJ. Targeted Assessment of Mucosal Immune Gene Expression Predicts Clinical Outcomes in Children with Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1735-1750. [PMID: 35665804 PMCID: PMC9683081 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We aimed to determine whether a targeted gene expression panel could predict clinical outcomes in paediatric ulcerative colitis [UC] and investigated putative pathogenic roles of predictive genes. METHODS In total, 313 rectal RNA samples from a cohort of newly diagnosed paediatric UC patients (PROTECT) were analysed by a real-time PCR microfluidic array for expression of type 1, 2 and 17 inflammation genes. Associations between expression and clinical outcomes were assessed by logistic regression. Identified prognostic markers were further analysed using existing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data sets and tissue immunostaining. RESULTS IL13RA2 was associated with a lower likelihood of corticosteroid-free remission (CSFR) on mesalamine at week 52 (p = .002). A model including IL13RA2 and only baseline clinical parameters was as accurate as an established clinical model, which requires week 4 remission status. RORC was associated with a lower likelihood of colectomy by week 52. A model including RORC and PUCAI predicted colectomy by 52 weeks (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve 0.71). Bulk RNA-seq identified IL13RA2 and RORC as hub genes within UC outcome-associated expression networks related to extracellular matrix and innate immune response, and lipid metabolism and microvillus assembly, respectively. Adult UC single-cell RNA-seq data revealed IL13RA2 and RORC co-expressed genes were localized to inflammatory fibroblasts and undifferentiated epithelial cells, respectively, which was supported by protein immunostaining. CONCLUSION Targeted assessment of rectal mucosal immune gene expression predicts 52-week CSFR in treatment-naïve paediatric UC patients. Further exploration of IL-13Rɑ2 as a therapeutic target in UC and future studies of the epithelial-specific role of RORC in UC pathogenesis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Clarkston
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Children’s Mercy Hospital, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Rebekah Karns
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
| | - Anil G Jegga
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mihika Sharma
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Sejal Fox
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
| | - Babajide A Ojo
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Phillip Minar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas D Walters
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne M Griffiths
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David R Mack
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan Boyle
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Neal S LeLeiko
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - James Markowitz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cohen Children’s Medical Center of New York, New Hyde Park, NY, USA
| | - Joel R Rosh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Goryeb Children’s Hospital, Atlantic Health, Morristown, NJ, USA
| | - Ashish S Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sapana Shah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Robert N Baldassano
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marian Pfefferkorn
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cary Sauer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Subra Kugathasan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University and Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yael Haberman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA,Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Jeffrey S Hyams
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
| | - Lee A Denson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Michael J Rosen
- Corresponding author: Michael J. Rosen, MD, MSCI, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 750 Welch Rd, Suite 116, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA. E-mail:
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10
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Song J, Song H, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z, Peng H. Requirement of RORα for maintenance and antitumor immunity of liver-resident natural killer cells/ILC1s. Hepatology 2022; 75:1181-1193. [PMID: 34510508 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD AND AIMS Liver type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s), also known as liver-resident natural killer (LrNK) cells, comprise a high proportion of total hepatic ILCs. However, factors regulating their maintenance and function remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we found high expression of retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor alpha (RORα) in LrNK cells/ILC1s. Mice with conditional ablation of retinoid-related orphan nuclear receptor alpha (Rorα) in LrNK cells/ILC1s and conventional natural killer (cNK) cells had decreased LrNK cells/ILC1s but normal numbers of cNK cells. RORα-deficient LrNK cells/ILC1s displayed increased apoptosis and significantly altered transcriptional profile. Using a murine model of colorectal cancer liver metastasis, we found that RORα conditional deficiency resulted in more aggressive liver tumor progression and impaired effector molecule expression in LrNK cells/ILC1s. Consequently, treatment with the RORα agonist efficiently limited liver metastases and promoted effector molecule expression of LrNK cells/ILC1s. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals a role of RORα in LrNK cell/ILC1 maintenance and function, providing insights into the harnessing of LrNK cell/ILC1 activity in the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxi Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Hao Song
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Haiming Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Rui Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Research Unit of NK Cell StudyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Hui Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, the CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina.,Institute of ImmunologyUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
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11
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Kim E, Kim YJ, Ji Z, Kang JM, Wirianto M, Paudel KR, Smith JA, Ono K, Kim JA, Eckel-Mahan K, Zhou X, Lee HK, Yoo JY, Yoo SH, Chen Z. ROR activation by Nobiletin enhances antitumor efficacy via suppression of IκB/NF-κB signaling in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:374. [PMID: 35440077 PMCID: PMC9018867 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04826-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by poor response to standard therapies and therefore unfavorable clinical outcomes. Better understanding of TNBC and new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. ROR nuclear receptors are multifunctional transcription factors with important roles in circadian pathways and other processes including immunity and tumorigenesis. Nobiletin (NOB) is a natural compound known to display anticancer effects, and our previous studies showed that NOB activates RORs to enhance circadian rhythms and promote physiological fitness in mice. Here, we identified several TNBC cell lines being sensitive to NOB, by itself or in combination. Cell and xenograft experiments showed that NOB significantly inhibited TNBC cell proliferation and motility in vitro and in vivo. ROR loss- and gain-of-function studies showed concordant effects of the NOB–ROR axis on MDA-MB-231 cell growth. Mechanistically, we found that NOB activates ROR binding to the ROR response elements (RRE) of the IκBα promoter, and NOB strongly inhibited p65 nuclear translocation. Consistent with transcriptomic analysis indicating cancer and NF-κB signaling as major pathways altered by NOB, p65-inducible expression abolished NOB effects, illustrating a requisite role of NF-κB suppression mediating the anti-TNBC effect of NOB. Finally, in vivo mouse xenograft studies showed that NOB enhanced the antitumor efficacy in mammary fat pad implanted TNBC, as a single agent or in combination with the chemotherapy agent Docetaxel. Together, our study highlights an anti-TNBC mechanism of ROR-NOB via suppression of NF-κB signaling, suggesting novel preventive and chemotherapeutic strategies against this devastating disease. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yoon-Jin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Zhiwei Ji
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin Muk Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marvin Wirianto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joshua A Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kaori Ono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jin-Ah Kim
- Lester & Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- Center for Computational Systems Medicine, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hyun Kyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Ji Young Yoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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12
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Gil J, Marques-Pamies M, Valassi E, García-Martínez A, Serra G, Hostalot C, Fajardo-Montañana C, Carrato C, Bernabeu I, Marazuela M, Rodríguez-Lloveras H, Cámara R, Salinas I, Lamas C, Biagetti B, Simó-Servat A, Webb SM, Picó A, Jordà M, Puig-Domingo M. Implications of Heterogeneity of Epithelial-Mesenchymal States in Acromegaly Therapeutic Pharmacologic Response. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020460. [PMID: 35203668 PMCID: PMC8962441 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acromegaly is caused by excess growth hormone (GH) produced by a pituitary tumor. First-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs) are the first-line treatment. Several studies have linked E-cadherin loss and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) with resistance to SRLs. Our aim was to study EMT and its relationship with SRLs resistance in GH-producing tumors. We analyzed the expression of EMT-related genes by RT-qPCR in 57 tumors. The postsurgical response to SRLs was categorized as complete response, partial response, or nonresponse if IGF-1 was normal, had decreased more than 30% without normalization, or neither of those, respectively. Most tumors showed a hybrid and variable EMT expression profile not specifically associated with SRL response instead of a defined epithelial or mesenchymal phenotype. However, high SNAI1 expression was related to invasive and SRL-nonresponsive tumors. RORC was overexpressed in tumors treated with SRLs before surgery, and this increased expression was more prominent in those cases that normalized postsurgical IGF-1 levels under SRL treatment. In conclusion, GH-producing tumors showed a heterogeneous expression pattern of EMT-related genes that would partly explain the heterogeneous response to SRLs. SNAI1 and RORC may be useful to predict response to SRLs and help medical treatment decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Gil
- Endocrine Research Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (H.R.-L.)
- Research Center for Pituitary Diseases, Department of Endocrinology/Medicine, Hospital Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Montserrat Marques-Pamies
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (I.S.)
| | - Elena Valassi
- Research Center for Pituitary Diseases, Department of Endocrinology/Medicine, Hospital Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (S.M.W.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (I.S.)
| | - Araceli García-Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (A.P.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Serra
- Department of Endocrinology, Son Espases University Hospital, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain;
| | - Cristina Hostalot
- Department of Neurosurgery, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
| | | | - Cristina Carrato
- Department of Pathology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ignacio Bernabeu
- Endocrinology Division, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS)-SERGAS, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - Mónica Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de la Princesa, Instituto Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Helena Rodríguez-Lloveras
- Endocrine Research Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (H.R.-L.)
| | - Rosa Cámara
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Isabel Salinas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (I.S.)
| | - Cristina Lamas
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, 02006 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Betina Biagetti
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Andreu Simó-Servat
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Mutua Terrassa, 08221 Terrassa, Spain;
| | - Susan M. Webb
- Research Center for Pituitary Diseases, Department of Endocrinology/Medicine, Hospital Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; (E.V.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Antonio Picó
- Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain; (A.G.-M.); (A.P.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Miguel Hernandez University, 03202 Elche, Spain
| | - Mireia Jordà
- Endocrine Research Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (H.R.-L.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (M.P.-D.); Tel.: +34-93-033-05-19 (ext. 6260) (M.J.); +34-934-978-655 (M.P.-D.)
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Endocrine Research Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (H.R.-L.)
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Barcelona, Spain; (M.M.-P.); (I.S.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Rare Diseases (CIBERER), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08913 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (M.P.-D.); Tel.: +34-93-033-05-19 (ext. 6260) (M.J.); +34-934-978-655 (M.P.-D.)
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13
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Is Vitamin D Deficiency Related to Increased Cancer Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126444. [PMID: 34208589 PMCID: PMC8233804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related with increased risk for the development of cancer. Apart from shared common risk factors typical for both diseases, diabetes driven factors including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and low grade chronic inflammation are of great importance. Recently, vitamin D deficiency was reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including T2DM and cancer. However, little is known whether vitamin D deficiency may be responsible for elevated cancer risk development in T2DM patients. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to identify the molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency may contribute to cancer development in T2DM patients. Vitamin D via alleviation of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and inflammation reduces diabetes driven cancer risk factors. Moreover, vitamin D strengthens the DNA repair process, and regulates apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells as well as signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis i.e., tumor growth factor β (TGFβ), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and Wnt-β-Cathenin. It should also be underlined that many types of cancer cells present alterations in vitamin D metabolism and action as a result of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and CYP27B1 expression dysregulation. Although, numerous studies revealed that adequate vitamin D concentration prevents or delays T2DM and cancer development, little is known how the vitamin affects cancer risk among T2DM patients. There is a pressing need for randomized clinical trials to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency may be a factor responsible for increased risk of cancer in T2DM patients, and whether the use of the vitamin by patients with diabetes and cancer may improve cancer prognosis and metabolic control of diabetes.
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14
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Pan X, Li B, Zhang G, Gong Y, Liu R, Chen B, Li Y. Identification of RORγ as a favorable biomarker for colon cancer. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211008338. [PMID: 33947261 PMCID: PMC8113924 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211008338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the expression of retinoid-related orphan receptor gamma (RORγ)
and its potential role in the prognosis of colon cancer. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE117606 were used to evaluate to RORγ levels in
colon cancer, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was
applied for validation. UALCAN and MEXPRESS were used to analyze the
associations of RORγ expression with clinical parameters. The survival
analysis was conducted in GEPIA. Results RORγ expression was significantly lower in colon tumors than in adjacent
normal mucosa tissues. RORγ expression was significantly associated with
tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis. The area under the
curve for diagnosis was 0.71. Decreased RORγ expression was positively
correlated with the incidence of lymphatic invasion, microsatellite
instability, the presence of residual tumor, venous invasion, and copy
number variation. Overall survival was longer in patients with higher RORγ
expression, especially those with microsatellite instability-high features.
Methylation analysis revealed that hypermethylation of the RORγ promoter was
associated with the colon cancer stage. Conclusions RORγ downregulation could be a potential biomarker for colon cancer,
especially for predicting prognosis. Decreased RORγ expression in colon
tumor may be associated with promoter hypermethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Pan
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Yuyong Gong
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Burns and Orthopedic Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Benxin Chen
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocational College, Lu'an, China
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15
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Li YK, Hsu HM, Lin MC, Chang CW, Chu CM, Chang YJ, Yu JC, Chen CT, Jian CE, Sun CA, Chen KH, Kuo MH, Cheng CS, Chang YT, Wu YS, Wu HY, Yang YT, Lin C, Lin HC, Hu JM, Chang YT. Genetic co-expression networks contribute to creating predictive model and exploring novel biomarkers for the prognosis of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7268. [PMID: 33790307 PMCID: PMC8012617 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic co-expression network (GCN) analysis augments the understanding of breast cancer (BC). We aimed to propose GCN-based modeling for BC relapse-free survival (RFS) prediction and to discover novel biomarkers. We used GCN and Cox proportional hazard regression to create various prediction models using mRNA microarray of 920 tumors and conduct external validation using independent data of 1056 tumors. GCNs of 34 identified candidate genes were plotted in various sizes. Compared to the reference model, the genetic predictors selected from bigger GCNs composed better prediction models. The prediction accuracy and AUC of 3 ~ 15-year RFS are 71.0-81.4% and 74.6-78% respectively (rfm, ACC 63.2-65.5%, AUC 61.9-74.9%). The hazard ratios of risk scores of developing relapse ranged from 1.89 ~ 3.32 (p < 10-8) over all models under the control of the node status. External validation showed the consistent finding. We found top 12 co-expressed genes are relative new or novel biomarkers that have not been explored in BC prognosis or other cancers until this decade. GCN-based modeling creates better prediction models and facilitates novel genes exploration on BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Kuei Li
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Ming Hsu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Songshan Branch of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chiung Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Wen Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ming Chu
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics College of Health Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jia Chang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Cherng Yu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ting Chen
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-En Jian
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hua Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hao Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Shiang Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Chang
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Wu
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Yang
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Che Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital, Xincheng, Hualien, 97144, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ming Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tien Chang
- Division of Medical Informatics, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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16
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Montes-Grajales D, Morelos-Cortes X, Olivero-Verbel J. Discovery of New Protein Targets of BPA Analogs and Derivatives Associated with Noncommunicable Diseases: A Virtual High-Throughput Screening. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:37009. [PMID: 33769846 PMCID: PMC7997610 DOI: 10.1289/ehp7466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenol A analogs and derivatives (BPs) have emerged as new contaminants with little or no information about their toxicity. These have been found in numerous everyday products, from thermal paper receipts to plastic containers, and measured in human samples. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this research were to identify in silico new protein targets of BPs associated with seven noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), and to study their protein-ligand interactions using computer-aided tools. METHODS Fifty BPs were identified by a literature search and submitted to a virtual high-throughput screening (vHTS) with 328 proteins associated with NCDs. Protein-protein interactions between predicted targets were examined using STRING, and the protocol was validated in terms of binding site recognition and correlation between in silico affinities and in vitro data. RESULTS According to the vHTS, several BPs may target proteins associated with NCDs, some of them with stronger affinities than bisphenol A (BPA). The best affinity score (the highest in silico affinity absolute value) was obtained after docking 4,4'-bis(N-carbamoyl-4-methylbenzensulfonamide)diphenylmethane (BTUM) on estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase 1 (-13.7 kcal/mol). However, other molecules, such as bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP), bisphenol PH (BPPH), and Pergafast 201 also exhibited great affinities (top 10 affinity scores for each disease) with proteins related to NCDs. DISCUSSION Molecules such as BTUM, BDP, BPPH, and Pergafast 201 could be targeting key signaling pathways related to NCDs. These BPs should be prioritized for in vitro and in vivo toxicity testing and to further assess their possible role in the development of these diseases. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7466.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Montes-Grajales
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Xiomara Morelos-Cortes
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Jesus Olivero-Verbel
- Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
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17
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Astone M, Santoro MM. Time to fight: targeting the circadian clock molecular machinery in cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1164-1184. [PMID: 33549826 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The circadian clock regulates a wide range of molecular pathways and biological processes. The expression of clock genes is often altered in cancer, fostering tumor initiation and progression. Inhibition and activation of core circadian clock genes, as well as treatments that restore circadian rhythmicity, have been successful in counteracting tumor growth in different experimental models. Here, we provide an up-to-date overview of studies that show the therapeutic effects of targeting the clock molecular machinery in cancer, both genetically and pharmacologically. We also highlight future areas for progress that offer a promising path towards innovative anticancer strategies. Substantial limitations in the current understanding of the complex interplay between the circadian clock and cancer in vivo need to be addressed in order to allow clock-targeting therapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Astone
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Italy
| | - Massimo M Santoro
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35131, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Via Orus 2, 35129 Padova, Italy.
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18
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Brożyna AA, Kim TK, Zabłocka M, Jóźwicki W, Yue J, Tuckey RC, Jetten AM, Slominski AT. Association among Vitamin D, Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptors, and Vitamin D Hydroxyderivatives in Ovarian Cancer. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3541. [PMID: 33227893 PMCID: PMC7699234 DOI: 10.3390/nu12113541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D and its derivatives, acting via the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and retinoic acid-related orphan receptors γ and α (RORγ and RORα), show anticancer properties. Since pathological conditions are characterized by disturbances in the expression of these receptors, in this study, we investigated their expression in ovarian cancers (OCs), as well as explored the phenotypic effects of vitamin D hydroxyderivatives and RORγ/α agonists on OC cells. The VDR and RORγ showed both a nuclear and a cytoplasmic location, and their expression levels were found to be reduced in the primary and metastatic OCs in comparison to normal ovarian epithelium, as well as correlated to the tumor grade. This reduction in VDR and RORγ expression correlated with a shorter overall disease-free survival. VDR, RORγ, and RORα were also detected in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cell lines with increased expression in the latter line. 20-Hydroxy-lumisterol3 (20(OH)L3) and synthetic RORα/RORγ agonist SR1078 inhibited proliferation only in the OVCAR-3 line, while 20-hydroxyvitamin-D3 (20(OH)D3) only inhibited SKOV-3 cell proliferation. 1,25(OH)2D3, 20(OH)L3, and SR1078, but not 20(OH)D3, inhibited spheroid formation in SKOV-3 cells. In summary, decreases in VDR, RORγ, and RORα expression correlated with an unfavorable outcome for OC, and compounds targeting these receptors had a context-dependent anti-tumor activity in vitro. We conclude that VDR and RORγ expression can be used in the diagnosis and prognosis of OC and suggest their ligands as potential candidates for OC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tae-Kang Kim
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Marzena Zabłocka
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Oncology Centre—Prof. Franciszek Łukaszczyk Memorial Hospital in Bydgoszcz, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Jóźwicki
- Department of Tumor Pathology and Pathomorphology, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA;
| | - Robert C. Tuckey
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Anton M. Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA;
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Laboratory Service of the VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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19
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Cokan KB, Urlep Ž, Lorbek G, Matz-Soja M, Skubic C, Perše M, Jeruc J, Juvan P, Režen T, Rozman D. Chronic Disruption of the Late Cholesterol Synthesis Leads to Female-Prevalent Liver Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113302. [PMID: 33182326 PMCID: PMC7695248 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Hepatocellular carcinoma is a disease with a variety of molecular triggers and is usually reported to prevail in males. However, after the menopause, the disease is also increasing in the female population. Herein, we discovered that chronic depletion of cholesterol synthesis due to the knock-out of the gene Cyp51 from this pathway leads to female prevalent hepatocarcinogenesis in aging mice. There is a high similarity between our mouse model and the situation in humans. Multiple deregulated pathways of hepatocarcinogenesis are shared. A female-dependent metabolic reprogramming leading to this type of liver cancer is exposed for the first time and reflects on deregulated cholesterol synthesis as the metabolic trigger. These data are of crucial importance. Despite the higher overall prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma in males, we need tools and biomarkers to further stratify patients and offer better diagnosis and treatment options to both sexes. Abstract While the role of cholesterol in liver carcinogenesis remains controversial, hepatocellular carcinoma generally prevails in males. Herein, we uncover pathways of female-prevalent progression to hepatocellular carcinoma due to chronic repression of cholesterogenic lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) in hepatocytes. Tumors develop in knock-out mice after year one, with 2:1 prevalence in females. Metabolic and transcription factor networks were deduced from the liver transcriptome data, combined by sterol metabolite and blood parameter analyses, and interpreted with relevance to humans. Female knock-outs show increased plasma cholesterol and HDL, dampened lipid-related transcription factors FXR, LXRα:RXRα, and importantly, crosstalk between reduced LXRα and activated TGF-β signalling, indicating a higher susceptibility to HCC in aging females. PI3K/Akt signalling and ECM-receptor interaction are common pathways that are disturbed by sex-specific altered genes. Additionally, transcription factors (SOX9)2 and PPARα were recognized as important for female hepatocarcinogenesis, while overexpressed Cd36, a target of nuclear receptor RORC, is a new male-related regulator of ECM-receptor signalling in hepatocarcinogenesis. In conclusion, we uncover the sex-dependent metabolic reprogramming of cholesterol-related pathways that predispose for hepatocarcinogenesis in aging females. This is important in light of increased incidence of liver cancers in post-menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Blagotinšek Cokan
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Žiga Urlep
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Gregor Lorbek
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Madlen Matz-Soja
- Rudol-Schönheimer-Institute of Biochemistry, Divison of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Cene Skubic
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Martina Perše
- Medical Experimental Centre, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Jera Jeruc
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Peter Juvan
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.B.C.); (Ž.U.); (G.L.); (C.S.); (P.J.); (T.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-543-7591
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20
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Sadeghalvad M, Mohammadi-Motlagh HR, Rezaei N. Immune microenvironment in different molecular subtypes of ductal breast carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2020; 185:261-279. [PMID: 33011829 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-020-05954-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ductal breast carcinoma as a heterogeneous disease has different molecular subtypes associated with clinical prognosis and patients' survival. The role of immune system as a consistent part of the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been documented in progression of ductal breast carcinoma. Here, we aimed to describe the important immune cells and the immune system-associated molecules in Ductal Carcinoma In situ (DCIS) and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) with special emphasis on their associations with different molecular subtypes and patients' prognosis. RESULTS The immune cells have a dual role in breast cancer (BC) microenvironment depending on the molecular subtype or tumor grade. These cells with different frequencies are present in the TME of DCIS and IDC. The presence of regulatory cells including Tregs, MDSC, Th2, Th17, M2 macrophages, HLADR- T cells, and Tγδ cells is related to more immunosuppressive microenvironment, especially in ER- and TN subtypes. In contrast, NK cells, CTL, Th, and Tfh cells are associated to the anti-tumor activity. These cells are higher in ER+ BC, although in other subtypes such as TN or HER2+ are associated with a favorable prognosis. CONCLUSION Determining the specific immune response in each subtype could be helpful in estimating the possible behavior of the tumor cells in TME. It is important to realize that different frequencies of immune cells in BC environment likely determine the patients' prognosis and their survival in each subtype. Therefore, elucidation of the distinct immune players in TME would be helpful toward developing targeted therapies in each subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sadeghalvad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid-Reza Mohammadi-Motlagh
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran. .,Children's Medical Center Hospital, Dr Qarib St, Keshavarz Blvd, 14194, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Kansara S, Pandey V, Lobie PE, Sethi G, Garg M, Pandey AK. Mechanistic Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Oncotherapeutics Resistance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061511. [PMID: 32575858 PMCID: PMC7349003 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most lethal forms of breast cancer (BC), with a significant disease burden worldwide. Chemoresistance and lack of targeted therapeutics are major hindrances to effective treatments in the clinic and are crucial causes of a worse prognosis and high rate of relapse/recurrence in patients diagnosed with TNBC. In the last decade, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found to perform a pivotal role in most cellular functions. The aberrant functional expression of lncRNAs plays an ever-increasing role in the progression of diverse malignancies, including TNBC. Therefore, lncRNAs have been recently studied as predictors and modifiers of chemoresistance. Our review discusses the potential involvement of lncRNAs in drug-resistant mechanisms commonly found in TNBC and highlights various therapeutic strategies to target lncRNAs in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarth Kansara
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India;
| | - Vijay Pandey
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518005, China; (V.P.); (P.E.L.)
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peter E. Lobie
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518005, China; (V.P.); (P.E.L.)
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.K.P.)
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India;
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India;
- Correspondence: (G.S.); (A.K.P.)
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22
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Invernizzi M, Lopez G, Michelotti A, Venetis K, Sajjadi E, De Mattos-Arruda L, Ghidini M, Runza L, de Sire A, Boldorini R, Fusco N. Integrating Biological Advances Into the Clinical Management of Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema. Front Oncol 2020; 10:422. [PMID: 32300557 PMCID: PMC7142240 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) occurs in a significant number of breast cancer survivors as a consequence of the axillary lymphatics' impairment after therapy (mainly axillary surgery and irradiation). Despite the recent achievements in the clinical management of these patients, BCRL is often diagnosed at its occurrence. In most cases, it remains a progressive and irreversible condition, with dramatic consequences in terms of quality of life and on sanitary costs. There are still no validated pre-surgical strategies to identify individuals that harbor an increased risk of BCRL. However, clinical, therapeutic, and tumor-specific traits are recurrent in these patients. Over the past few years, many studies have unraveled the complexity of the molecular and transcriptional events leading to the lymphatic system ontogenesis. Additionally, molecular insights are coming from the study of the germline alterations involved at variable levels in BCRL models. Regrettably, there is a substantial lack of predictive biomarkers for BCRL, given that our knowledge of its molecular milieu remains extremely puzzled. The purposes of this review were (i) to outline the biology underpinning the ontogenesis of the lymphatic system; (ii) to assess the current state of knowledge of the molecular alterations that can be involved in BCRL pathogenesis and progression; (iii) to discuss the present and short-term future perspectives in biomarker-based patients' risk stratification; and (iv) to provide practical information that can be employed to improve the quality of life of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Invernizzi
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lopez
- School of Pathology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Michelotti
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Venetis
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Divison of Pathology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy
| | - Elham Sajjadi
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Michele Ghidini
- Division of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Letterio Runza
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro de Sire
- Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont "A. Avogadro", Novara, Italy.,Rehabilitation Unit, "Mons. L. Novarese" Hospital, Moncrivello, Italy
| | - Renzo Boldorini
- Pathology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy
| | - Nicola Fusco
- Divison of Pathology, IRCCS European Institute of Oncology (IEO), Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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23
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Bujak JK, Szopa IM, Pingwara R, Kruczyk O, Krzemińska N, Mucha J, Majchrzak-Kuligowska K. The Expression of Selected Factors Related to T Lymphocyte Activity in Canine Mammary Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2292. [PMID: 32225066 PMCID: PMC7178106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between neoplastic and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) influences the progression of disease in human and canine cancer patients. Given that canine mammary tumors are a useful model to study breast cancer biology, we aimed to evaluate the expression of genes associated with T lymphocyte activity in benign, malignant, and metastatic canine mammary tumors. Interestingly, metastatic tumors exhibit increased expression of CXCR3, CCR2, IL-4, IL-12p40, and IL-17. In particular, we focused on IL-17, a key interleukin associated with the Th17 lymphocyte phenotype. Th17 cells have been shown to play a contradictory role in tumor immunity. Although IL-17 showed a high expression in the metastatic tumors, the expression of RORγt, a crucial transcription factor for Th17 differentiation was barely detected. We further investigated IL-17 expression using immunohistochemistry, through which we confirmed the increased expression of this interleukin in malignant and metastatic mammary tumors. Finally, we compared the plasma levels of IL-17 in healthy and malignant mammary tumor-bearing dogs using ELISA but found no differences between the groups. Our data indicate that the IL-17 in metastatic tumors may be produced by other cell types, but not by Th17 lymphocytes. Overall, our results broaden the available knowledge on the interactions in canine mammary tumors and provide insight into the development of new therapeutic strategies, with potential benefits for human immune oncology.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dog Diseases/genetics
- Dog Diseases/immunology
- Dog Diseases/pathology
- Dogs
- Female
- Interleukins/genetics
- Interleukins/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/immunology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/pathology
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/genetics
- Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3/metabolism
- Receptors, CCR2/genetics
- Receptors, CCR2/metabolism
- Receptors, CXCR3/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR3/metabolism
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Transcriptome
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kinga Majchrzak-Kuligowska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences -SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.K.B.); (I.M.S.); (R.P.); (O.K.); (N.K.); (J.M.)
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24
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Hepatitis B Virus X Protein-Induced ROR γ Expression to Promote the Migration and Proliferation of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:5407126. [PMID: 31781621 PMCID: PMC6874968 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5407126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of RORγ is implicated in cancer development. A previous study identified that RORγ functions as a tumor promoter to drive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth. However, its expression and significance in HCC remain unclear. The central finding of this work is that RORγ was overexpressed in HCC due to its dysfunction of promoter methylation, and hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) can remarkably induce the expression of RORγ in hepatocellular carcinoma through enhancing the transcriptional function. Also, the HBx-induced RORγ could promote the migration and proliferation of hepatoma cells. Hence, these results suggest that RORγ was an important regulator in HCC, and our finding provides new insights into the significance of RORγ in HCC.
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25
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LINC00511 is associated with the malignant status and promotes cell proliferation and motility in cervical cancer. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190903. [PMID: 31434692 PMCID: PMC6744586 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
LINC00511 is a newly identified lncRNA that is up-regulated in many types of human cancers and may serve as an oncogenic lncRNA. However, there was no report about the role of LINC00511 in cervical cancer. Therefore, we investigated the clinical value of LINC00511 in cervical cancer patients via analyzing the correlation between LINC00511 expression and clinicopathological features. Moreover, we performed loss-of-function study to estimate the effect of LINC00511 on cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In our study, we found LINC00511 expression levels were increased in cervical cancer tissues and cell lines compared with adjacent normal tissues and normal cervical epithelial cell line, respectively. High LINC00511 expression was correlated with advanced clinical stage, large tumor size, histological type of adenocarcinoma, and present lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and poor overall survival in cervical cancer patients. The in vitro studies indicated that knockdown of LINC00511 inhibited cervical cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In conclusion, LINC00511 acts as oncogenic lncRNA in cervical cancer, and may be a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer patients.
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26
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Liu L, Meng T, Zheng X, Liu Y, Hao R, Yan Y, Chen S, You H, Xing J, Dong Y. Transgelin 2 Promotes Paclitaxel Resistance, Migration, and Invasion of Breast Cancer by Directly Interacting with PTEN and Activating PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β Pathway. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:2457-2468. [PMID: 31488699 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leichao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ti Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Hao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- School of pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Siying Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Haisheng You
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Xing
- School of pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
| | - Yalin Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi';an, Shaanxi, P.R. China.
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27
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Mao BDI, Xu P, Xu P, Zhong Y, Ding WW, Meng QZ. LINC00511 knockdown prevents cervical cancer cell proliferation and reduces resistance to paclitaxel. J Biosci 2019; 44:44. [PMID: 31180057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common female malignancies in the world. Although paclitaxel (PTX) is a critical chemotherapy agent for the treatment of CC, its treatment outcome is limited by the development of drug resistance. The present study aims to define the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00511 in the progression of CC with the involvement of cell proliferation, apoptosis and resistance to PTX in Hela/PTX cells. CC and adjacent normal tissue samples were collected from 84 patients with CC, and used to determine LINC0051 expression. PTX-resistant Hela/PTX cell line was constructed, in which LINC0051 was overexpressed or silenced to further investigate the effect of LINC00511 on PTX-resistant Hela/PTX cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, apoptosis and resistance of CC cells to PTX. The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved-caspase-3, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) and P-glycoprotein (P-GP) was also assessed. High-expression of LINC00511 was found in CC with its close association with the tumor stage, tumor size and lymph node metastasis. After silencing LINC00511 expression, the expression of MRP1, P-GP, Bcl-2, MMP-2 and MMP-9 was decreased, while Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 increased with more CC cells arrested at G1 phase. Furthermore, silencing of LINC00511 could suppress cell resistance to PTX, cell viability, cell proliferation, migration and invasion yet promoted cell apoptosis in PTX-resistant Hela/PTX cells. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that silencing of LINC00511 could inhibit CC cell resistance to PTX, cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and promote cell apoptosis in CC. Silencing of LINC00511 provides a novel therapeutic target for CC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy
- Adenocarcinoma/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma/mortality
- Adenocarcinoma/surgery
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery
- Caspase 3/genetics
- Caspase 3/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/genetics
- Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/genetics
- Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- Neoplasm Staging
- Oligoribonucleotides/genetics
- Oligoribonucleotides/metabolism
- Paclitaxel/therapeutic use
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/mortality
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben-DI Mao
- Department of Gynecology, Linyi Cancer Hospital, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
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Wang SCM, Dowhan DH, Muscat GEO. Epigenetic arginine methylation in breast cancer: emerging therapeutic strategies. J Mol Endocrinol 2019; 62:R223-R237. [PMID: 30620710 DOI: 10.1530/jme-18-0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, and the complexity of breast carcinogenesis is associated with epigenetic modification. There are several major classes of epigenetic enzymes that regulate chromatin activity. This review will focus on the nine mammalian protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) and the dysregulation of PRMT expression and function in breast cancer. This class of enzymes catalyse the mono- and (symmetric and asymmetric) di-methylation of arginine residues on histone and non-histone target proteins. PRMT signalling (and R methylation) drives cellular proliferation, cell invasion and metastasis, targeting (i) nuclear hormone receptor signalling, (ii) tumour suppressors, (iii) TGF-β and EMT signalling and (iv) alternative splicing and DNA/chromatin stability, influencing the clinical and survival outcomes in breast cancer. Emerging reports suggest that PRMTs are also implicated in the development of drug/endocrine resistance providing another prospective avenue for the treatment of hormone resistance and associated metastasis. The complexity of PRMT signalling is further underscored by the degree of alternative splicing and the scope of variant isoforms (with distinct properties) within each PRMT family member. The evolution of PRMT inhibitors, and the ongoing clinical trials of PRMT inhibitors against a subgroup of solid cancers, coupled to the track record of lysine methyltransferases inhibitors in phase I/II clinical trials against cancer underscores the potential therapeutic utility of targeting PRMT epigenetic enzymes to improve survival outcomes in aggressive and metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ching M Wang
- Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine Division, The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Dennis H Dowhan
- Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine Division, The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Australia
| | - George E O Muscat
- Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine Division, The University of Queensland, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, St Lucia, Australia
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29
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Cao D, Qi Z, Pang Y, Li H, Xie H, Wu J, Huang Y, Zhu Y, Shen Y, Zhu Y, Dai B, Hu X, Ye D, Wang Z. Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor C Regulates Proliferation, Glycolysis, and Chemoresistance via the PD-L1/ITGB6/STAT3 Signaling Axis in Bladder Cancer. Cancer Res 2019; 79:2604-2618. [PMID: 30808674 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-18-3842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor C (RORC) is a member of the nuclear orphan receptor family and performs critical regulatory functions in cell proliferation, metastasis, and chemoresistance in various types of malignant tumors. Here we showed that expression of RORC is lost in tumor tissues of bladder cancer patients. Enhanced expression of RORC suppressed cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. RORC bound the promoter region of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and negatively regulated PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 directly interacted with integrin β6 (ITGB6) and activated the ITGB6/FAK signaling pathway. RORC prevented the nuclear translocation of STAT3 via suppression of the PD-L1/ITGB6 signaling pathway, which further inhibited bladder cell proliferation and glucose metabolism and increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis. These findings reveal that RORC regulates bladder cancer cell proliferation, glucose metabolism, and chemoresistance by participating in the PD-L1/ITGB6/STAT3 signaling axis. Moreover, this new understanding of PD-L1 signaling may guide the selection of therapeutic targets to prevent tumor recurrence. SIGNIFICANCE: These findings suggest that RORC-mediated regulation of a PD-L1/ITGB6/FAK/STAT3 signaling axis in bladder cancer provides several potential therapeutic targets to prevent tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalong Cao
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihao Qi
- Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Pang
- Department of Urology, Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huyang Xie
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongqiang Huang
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Shen
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiping Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Cancer Institute, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China. .,Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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30
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Chopra S, Goel S, Thakur B, Bhatia A. Do Different Stemness Markers Identify Different Pools of Cancer Stem Cells in Malignancies: A Study on ER+ and ER-Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 26:371-378. [PMID: 30361903 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0503-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In view of popularity of cancer stem cell (CSC) model all events in evolution of cancer are being explained in that context. Breast cancer is first solid tumor in which CSCs were identified. We aimed to compare stemness profile of two major subtypes [Estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER-)] breast cancer using different sets of markers. Expression of CD44/CD24, CK/Vimentin, E-Cadherin/Fibronectin and percentage of side population (SP) was studied in ER+ (T47D) and ER- (MDA-MB-231) cell lines by flow cytometry. Breast CSCs (BCSCs) were sorted using CD44+/CD24-/low expression and SP analysis and cultured. BCSCs were then compared with Non-CSCs (NCSCs) for response to drugs (Paclitaxel and Cisplatin), Ki67 and ER expression. Results showed higher expression of stemness markers (CD44+/CD24-/low, CK+/Vimentin+ and E-Cadherin-/FibrinectinF+) in MDA-MB-231 cells. Percentage SP representing BCSCs was found to be significantly more in later (3.20 ± 0.002 cf. T47D 1.25% ± 0.0007). BCSCs were found to be more resistant to drugs as compared to NCSCs in both cell lines. ER expression was weak in BCSCs sorted from T47D as compared to NCSCs. Ki67 was expressed in both BCSCs and NCSCs. Differences in expression of stemness markers help to explain aggressive behavior, higher recurrence rate and metastatic potential of MDA-MB-231 cells. However, no correlation amongst different markers used suggests that they may be identifying varied populations of cells in tumor hierarchy. A weak ER expression in BCSCs may be strategy used by BCSCs to escape effect of hormone therapy in ER+ breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucheta Chopra
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Sumit Goel
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Banita Thakur
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Alka Bhatia
- Department of Experimental Medicine & Biotechnology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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31
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Kholghi Oskooei V, Geranpayeh L, Omrani MD, Ghafouri-Fard S. Assessment of functional variants and expression of long noncoding RNAs in vitamin D receptor signaling in breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:3451-3462. [PMID: 30254488 PMCID: PMC6140719 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s174244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling pathway is implicated in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. Patients and methods We selected VDR-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) through an in silico analysis of available microarray and RNA-sequencing data and assessed their expression in 75 breast tumor samples and their adjacent noncancerous tissues (ANCTs). We also genotyped two functional polymorphisms within VDR gene in all patients. Results VDR, MALAT1, and LINC00511 were significantly upregulated in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs (fold change [FC] =1.85, P=0.03; FC =1.54, P=0.04; and FC =4.75, P=0.000, respectively). In patients younger than 55 years, significant associations were found between expression levels of both SNHG16 and LINC00511 genes and nuclear grade (P=0.03), expression of LINC00346 and tubule formation (P=0.01), expression of both SNHG16 and SNHG6 genes and family history of cancer (P=0.01 and 0.03, respectively), as well as expression of VDR and progesterone receptor status (P=0.03). We detected significant correlations between expression levels of VDR and SNHG16 in both tumoral tissues and ANCTs. The TT genotype of FokI polymorphism was associated with the higher expression levels of VDR. FokI variants were associated with expression levels of both MALAT1 and SNHG16 in ANCTs (P=0.01 and 0.03, respectively). CdxII variants were associated with expression levels of SNHG16 in ANCTs. A significant correlation was found between FC values of SNHG16 expression and vitamin D levels. Conclusion The present study provides further evidence for the contribution of VDR signaling and the related lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and introduces some novel lncRNAs as putative molecules in the interactive functional network of VDR signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Lobat Geranpayeh
- Department of Surgery, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Davood Omrani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,
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32
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Knockdown of long non-coding RNA linc00511 suppresses proliferation and promotes apoptosis of bladder cancer cells via suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20171701. [PMID: 30042171 PMCID: PMC6131201 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20171701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
More and more studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in various biological processes of bladder cancer, including proliferation, apoptosis, migration and cell cycle arrest. LncRNA long intergenic noncoding RNA 00511 (linc00511) is one of the lncRNAs highly expressed in bladder cancer tissues and cells. However, little is known about the roles and mechanisms of linc00511 in bladder cancer. Here, we demonstrated that linc00511 was highly expressed in bladder cancer tissues and cells. Linc00511 knockdown could cause the cell proliferation suppression and cell cycle arrest, which were mediated by p18, p21, CDK4, cyclin D1 and phosphorylation Rb. Suppressed linc00511 could induce the apoptosis in T24 and BIU87 cells via activating the caspase pathway. Down-regulation of linc00511 could also suppress the migration and invasion of T24 and BIU87 cells. In addition, we found that the expression of linc00511 was negatively correlated with that of miR-15a-3p in the clinical bladder cancer samples. Further mechanistic studies showed that linc00511 knockdown induced proliferation inhibition, and apoptosis increase might be regulated through suppressing the activities of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, we revealed that knockdown of linc00511 suppressed the proliferation and promoted apoptosis of bladder cancer cells through suppressing the activities of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, we suggested that linc00511 could be a potential therapeutic target and novel biomarker in bladder cancer.
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33
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Fan J, Lv Z, Yang G, Liao TT, Xu J, Wu F, Huang Q, Guo M, Hu G, Zhou M, Duan L, Liu S, Jin Y. Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptors: Critical Roles in Tumorigenesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1187. [PMID: 29904382 PMCID: PMC5990620 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptors (RORs) include RORα (NR1F1), RORβ (NR1F2), and RORγ (NR1F3). These receptors are reported to activate transcription through ligand-dependent interactions with co-regulators and are involved in the development of secondary lymphoid tissues, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, the circadian rhythm, and metabolism homeostasis. Researches on RORs contributing to cancer-related processes have been growing, and they provide evidence that RORs are likely to be considered as potential therapeutic targets in many cancers. RORα has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer and has been investigated in melanoma, colorectal colon cancer, and gastric cancer. RORβ is mainly expressed in the central nervous system, but it has also been studied in pharyngeal cancer, uterine leiomyosarcoma, and colorectal cancer, in addition to neuroblastoma, and recent studies suggest that RORγ is involved in various cancers, including lymphoma, melanoma, and lung cancer. Some studies found RORγ to be upregulated in cancer tissues compared with normal tissues, while others indicated the opposite results. With respect to the mechanisms of RORs in cancer, previous studies on the regulatory mechanisms of RORs in cancer were mostly focused on immune cells and cytokines, but lately there have been investigations concentrating on RORs themselves. Thus, this review summarizes reports on the regulation of RORs in cancer and highlights potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanghai Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Ting Liao
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengfei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guorong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Limin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of the Ministry of Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jeon SM, Shin EA. Exploring vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 29657326 PMCID: PMC5938036 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, traditionally known as an essential nutrient, is a precursor of a potent steroid hormone that regulates a broad spectrum of physiological processes. In addition to its classical roles in bone metabolism, epidemiological, preclinical, and cellular research during the last decades, it revealed that vitamin D may play a key role in the prevention and treatment of many extra-skeletal diseases such as cancer. Vitamin D, as a prohormone, undergoes two-step metabolism in liver and kidney to produce a biologically active metabolite, calcitriol, which binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) for the regulation of expression of diverse genes. In addition, recent studies have revealed that vitamin D can also be metabolized and activated through a CYP11A1-driven non-canonical metabolic pathway. Numerous anticancer properties of vitamin D have been proposed, with diverse effects on cancer development and progression. However, accumulating data suggest that the metabolism and functions of vitamin D are dysregulated in many types of cancer, conferring resistance to the antitumorigenic effects of vitamin D and thereby contributing to the development and progression of cancer. Thus, understanding dysregulated vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer will be critical for the development of promising new strategies for successful vitamin D-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Ae Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
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35
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Lai IL, Yang CA, Lin PC, Chan WL, Lee YT, Yen JC, Chang YS, Chang JG. Long noncoding RNA MIAT promotes non-small cell lung cancer proliferation and metastasis through MMP9 activation. Oncotarget 2017; 8:98148-98162. [PMID: 29228680 PMCID: PMC5716720 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in carcinogenesis. Myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT), originally isolated as a candidate gene for myocardial infarction, has been found to act as an oncogene in chronic lymphocytic leukaemias and neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC); however, little is known about its expression pattern, biological function, and underlying mechanism in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this study, we observed that MIAT expression was upregulated in NSCLC, and its overexpression was associated with advanced tumor stage. Moreover, MIAT knockdown decreased cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cell cycle arrested in G1 phase. Mechanistic investigation revealed that MIAT could interact with histone methyltransferase mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL). MIAT silencing impeded the binding of MLL on the matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) promoter region and epigenetically reduced MMP9 transcriptional activity. Overall, our findings suggest that MIAT expression is associated with NSCLC and may be one of the critical targets in progression and metastasis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Lu Lai
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Enginerring, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-An Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of General Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ling Chan
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Enginerring, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ting Lee
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Chen Yen
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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36
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Vitamin D signaling and melanoma: role of vitamin D and its receptors in melanoma progression and management. J Transl Med 2017; 97:706-724. [PMID: 28218743 PMCID: PMC5446295 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB), in addition to having carcinogenic activity, is required for the production of vitamin D3 (D3) in the skin which supplies >90% of the body's requirement. Vitamin D is activated through hydroxylation by 25-hydroxylases (CYP2R1 or CYP27A1) and 1α-hydroxylase (CYP27B1) to produce 1,25(OH)2D3, or through the action of CYP11A1 to produce mono-di- and trihydroxy-D3 products that can be further modified by CYP27B1, CYP27A1, and CYP24A1. The active forms of D3, in addition to regulating calcium metabolism, exert pleiotropic activities, which include anticarcinogenic and anti-melanoma effects in experimental models, with photoprotection against UVB-induced damage. These diverse effects are mediated through an interaction with the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and/or as most recently demonstrated through action on retinoic acid orphan receptors (ROR)α and RORγ. With respect to melanoma, low levels of 25(OH)D are associated with thicker tumors and reduced patient survival. Furthermore, single-nucleotide polymorphisms of VDR and the vitamin D-binding protein (VDP) genes affect melanomagenesis or disease outcome. Clinicopathological analyses have shown positive correlation between low or undetectable expression of VDR and/or CYP27B1 in melanoma with tumor progression and shorter overall (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) times. Paradoxically, this correlation was reversed for CYP24A1 (inactivating 24-hydroxylase), indicating that this enzyme, while inactivating 1,25(OH)2D3, can activate other forms of D3 that are products of the non-canonical pathway initiated by CYP11A1. An inverse correlation has been found between the levels of RORα and RORγ expression and melanoma progression and disease outcome. Therefore, we propose that defects in vitamin D signaling including D3 activation/inactivation, and the expression and activity of the corresponding receptors, affect melanoma progression and the outcome of the disease. The existence of multiple bioactive forms of D3 and alternative receptors affecting the behavior of melanoma should be taken into consideration when applying vitamin D management for melanoma therapy.
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37
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Insights from Global Analyses of Long Noncoding RNAs in Breast Cancer. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017; 5:23-34. [PMID: 28616363 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0122-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this review was to compare and contrast the results and implications from several recent transcriptomic studies that analyzed the expression of lncRNAs in breast cancer. How many lncRNAs are dysregulated in breast cancer? Do dysregulated lncRNAs contribute to breast cancer etiology? Are lncRNAs viable biomarkers in breast cancer? RECENT FINDINGS Transcriptomic profiling of breast cancer tissues, mostly from The Cancer Genome Atlas, identified thousands of long noncoding RNAs that are expressed and dysregulated in breast cancer. The expression of lncRNAs alone can divide patients into molecular subtypes. Subsequent functional studies demonstrated that several of these lncRNAs have important roles in breast cancer cell biology. SUMMARY Thousands of lncRNAs are dysregulated in breast cancer that can be developed as biomarkers for prognostic or therapeutic purposes. The reviewed reports provide a roadmap to guide functional studies to discover lncRNAs with critical biological functions relating to breast cancer development and progression.
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38
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Ley S, Galuba O, Salathe A, Melin N, Aebi A, Pikiolek M, Knehr J, Carbone W, Beibel M, Nigsch F, Roma G, d'Ario G, Kirkland S, Bouchez LC, Gubser Keller C, Bouwmeester T, Parker CN, Ruffner H. Screening of Intestinal Crypt Organoids: A Simple Readout for Complex Biology. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 22:571-582. [PMID: 28345372 DOI: 10.1177/2472555216683651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oral and intestinal mucositis is a debilitating side effect of radiation treatment. A mouse model of radiation-induced mucositis leads to weight loss and tissue damage, reflecting the human ailment as it responds to keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), the standard-of-care treatment. Cultured intestinal crypt organoids allowed the development of an assay monitoring the effect of treatments of intestinal epithelium to radiation-induced damage. This in vitro assay resembles the mouse model as KGF and roof plate-specific spondin-1 (RSPO1) enhanced crypt organoid recovery following radiation. Screening identified compounds that increased the survival of organoids postradiation. Testing of these compounds revealed that the organoids changed their responses over time. Unbiased transcriptome analysis was performed on crypt organoid cultures at various time points in culture to investigate this adaptive behavior. A number of genes and pathways were found to be modulated over time, providing a rationale for the altered sensitivity of the organoid cultures. This report describes an in vitro assay that reflects aspects of human disease. The assay was used to identify bioactive compounds, which served as probes to interrogate the biology of crypt organoids over prolonged culture. The pathways that are changing over time may offer potential targets for treatment of mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja Ley
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olaf Galuba
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Salathe
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Melin
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Aebi
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Monika Pikiolek
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Judith Knehr
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Carbone
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beibel
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Nigsch
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni d'Ario
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Susan Kirkland
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laure C Bouchez
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Gubser Keller
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tewis Bouwmeester
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian N Parker
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Heinz Ruffner
- 1 Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Developmental and Molecular Pathways (DMP), Basel, Switzerland
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Long Intergenic Noncoding RNA 00511 Acts as an Oncogene in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer by Binding to EZH2 and Suppressing p57. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e385. [PMID: 27845772 PMCID: PMC5155326 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.94] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in carcinogenesis. However, the function and mechanism of lncRNAs in human non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still remaining largely unknown. Long intergenic noncoding RNA 00511 (LINC00511) has been found to be upregulated and acts as an oncogene in breast cancer, but little is known about its expression pattern, biological function and underlying mechanism in NSCLC. Herein, we identified LINC00511 as an oncogenic lncRNA by driving tumorigenesis in NSCLC. We found LINC00511 was upregulated and associated with oncogenesis, tumor size, metastasis, and poor prognosis in NSCLC. Moreover, LINC00511 affected cell proliferation, invasiveness, metastasis, and apoptosis in multiple NSCLC cell lines. Mechanistically, LINC00511 bound histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 ((EZH2, the catalytic subunit of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), a highly conserved protein complex that regulates gene expression by methylating lysine 27 on histone H3), and acted as a modular scaffold of EZH2/PRC2 complexes, coordinated their localization, and specified the histone modification pattern on the target genes, including p57, and consequently altered NSCLC cell biology. Thus, LINC00511 is mechanistically, functionally, and clinically oncogenic in NSCLC. Targeting LINC00511 and its pathway may be meaningful for treating patients with NSCLC.
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