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Pelosi C, Gavinelli F, Petit-Dit-Grezeriat L, Serbource C, Schoffer JT, Ginocchio R, Yáñez C, Concheri G, Rault M, van Gestel CAM. Copper toxicity to earthworms: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142765. [PMID: 38969228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Copper can accumulate in agricultural topsoil through the use of Cu-based fungicides, which may harm soil organisms such as earthworms. This study aimed at reviewing the effects of copper on earthworms at different levels of biological organization, and to determine critical values of copper toxicity to earthworms using a meta-analysis and accounting for lethal and sub-lethal effects and different earthworm species and exposure conditions. Endpoints at the sub-individual level were more sensitive than at higher levels of organization. At the individual level, the most sensitive endpoints were reproduction and growth (hatching success, hatchling growth). Hormetic growth was clearly recognized at copper concentrations less than 80 mg kg-1 in dry soil. However, effects at the sub-individual level already occurred at lower concentrations. Considering all the exposure conditions, the calculated weighted means were 113 mg Cu kg-1 dry soil (95% CI -356; 582) for the LC50 (lethal concentration for 50% of the exposed individuals), 94.6 mg Cu kg-1 dry soil (95% CI 14.0; 175) for the EC50 reproduction, and 144 mg Cu kg-1 dry soil (95% CI -12.6; 301) for the EC50 growth or weight change. When accounting for the origin of the soil, earthworms were five times more sensitive to copper (LC50) in natural than in artificial soils. The different factors affecting Cu toxicity to earthworms explain the high variability of these values, making it difficult to derive thresholds. However, considering the potential negative effects of copper on earthworms, attention should be given to the more sustainable use of human-contributed copper in agricultural soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pelosi
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, F-84000, Avignon, France.
| | - F Gavinelli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - L Petit-Dit-Grezeriat
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, F-84000, Avignon, France; Avignon Univ, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Pôle Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP 21239, 84916, Avignon, France
| | - C Serbource
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR EMMAH, F-84000, Avignon, France
| | - J T Schoffer
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Agronomía, Universidad de Las Américas, Sede Providencia, Manuel Montt 948, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Ginocchio
- Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Facultad de Agronomía y Sistemas Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Yáñez
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - G Concheri
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), Università degli Studi di Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - M Rault
- Avignon Univ, Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Pôle Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, BP 21239, 84916, Avignon, France
| | - C A M van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081, HZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Zhang J, Wang X, Li J, Luo J, Wang X, Ai S, Cheng H, Liu Z. Bioavailability (BA)-based risk assessment of soil heavy metals in provinces of China through the predictive BA-models. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133327. [PMID: 38141317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
The real biological effect is not generated by the total content of heavy metals (HMs), but rather by bioavailable content. A new bioavailability-based ecological risk assessment (BA-based ERA) framework was developed for deriving bioavailability-based soil quality criteria (BA-based SQC) and accurately assessing the ecological risk of soil HMs at a multi-regional scale in this study. Through the random forest (RF) models and BA-based ERA framework, the 217 BA-based SQC for HMs in 31 Chinese provinces were derived and the BA-based ERA was comprehensively assessed. This study found that bioavailable HMs extraction methods (BHEMs) and total HMs content play the predominant role in affecting HMs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) bioavailability by explaining 27.55-56.11% and 9.20-62.09% of the variation, respectively. The RF model had accurate and stable prediction ability for the bioavailability of soil HMs with the mean R2 and RMSE of 0.83 and 0.43 for the test set, respectively. The results of BA-based ERA showed that bioavailability could avoid the overestimation of ecological risks to some extent after reducing the uncertainty of soil differences. This study confirmed the feasibility of using bioavailability for ERA and will utilised to revise the soil environmental standards based on bioavailability for HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jingjing Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Xusheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Shunhao Ai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, PR China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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3
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Marini E, De Bernardi A, Tagliabue F, Casucci C, Tiano L, Marcheggiani F, Vaccari F, Taskin E, Puglisi E, Brunetti G, Vischetti C. Copper toxicity on Eisenia fetida in a vineyard soil: a combined study with standard tests, genotoxicity assessment and gut metagenomic analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:13141-13154. [PMID: 38240981 PMCID: PMC10881645 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) toxicity is a pressing concern for several soils, especially in organic viticulture. The objective of this work was to assess Cu toxicity on the non-target organism Eisenia fetida, employing both traditional and novel tools for early identification of Cu-induced damages. In addition to traditional tests like avoidance and reproductive toxicity experiments, other tests such as the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and gut microbiome analysis were evaluated to identify early and more sensitive pollution biomarkers. Four sub-lethal Cu concentrations were studied, and the results showed strong dose-dependent responses by the earthworm avoidance test and the exceeding of habitat threshold limit at the higher Cu doses. An inverse proportionality was observed between reproductive output and soil Cu concentration. Bioaccumulation was not detected in earthworms; soil concentrations of potentially bioavailable Cu were not affected by E. fetida presence or by time. On the contrary, the SCGE test revealed dose-dependent genotoxicity for the 'tail length' parameter already at the second day of Cu exposition. Gut microbiome analysis a modulation of microbial composition, with the most aboundant families being Pectobateriaceae, Comamonadaceae and Microscillaceae. Bacillaceae increased over time and showed adaptability to copper up to 165 mg/kg, while at the highest dose even the sensitive Acetobacteriaceae family was affected. The research provided new insights into the ecotoxicity of Cu sub-lethal doses highlighting both alterations at earthworms' cellular level and changes in their gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Marini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Arianna De Bernardi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Francesca Tagliabue
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Cristiano Casucci
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Luca Tiano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Fabio Marcheggiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
| | - Filippo Vaccari
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Eren Taskin
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Edoardo Puglisi
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gianluca Brunetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Boulevard, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, SA5095, Australia
| | - Costantino Vischetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131, Ancona, Italy
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Bošković N, Bílková Z, Šudoma M, Bielská L, Škulcová L, Ribitsch D, Soja G, Vrana B, Hofman J. Effects of biochar on the fate of conazole fungicides in soils and their bioavailability to earthworms and plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:23323-23337. [PMID: 34807391 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study showed novel findings about changes in the fate and bioavailability of conazole fungicides (CFs) after biochar (BC) addition to soil. Two contrasting soils (low- and high-sorbing of CF; L soils, H soils) were amended by three BCs (low-, moderate-, and high-sorbing of CF; L-BC, M-BC, H-BC) at 0.2% and 2% doses. Epoxiconazole (EPC) and tebuconazole (TBC) were then added to the soil-BC mixtures, and their degradation, bioaccumulation in earthworms (Eisenia andrei), and bioconcentration in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were studied for three months. Also, stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) was performed to determine CF (bio)accessibility. The EPC and TBC degradation in the soil-BC mixtures followed usually the first-order decay kinetics. The BC addition prevalently decreased the pesticides degradation in the L soil mixtures but often increased it in the H soil mixtures. In general, EPC degraded less than TBC. BC type and dose roles in the pesticides degradation were unclear. The BC addition significantly reduced pesticide uptake to the earthworms in the L soil mixtures (by 37-96%) and in the H soil mixtures (by 6-89%) with 2% BC. The BC addition reduced pesticide uptake to the lettuce roots and leaves significantly-up to two orders of magnitude, and this reduction was strong in H soil mixtures at 2% of BC. The BC addition reduced the CF (bio)accessibility measured by SBSE in all L soil mixtures and some H soil mixtures with 2% BC. Although not significant, it also seems that the pesticide bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and (bio)accessibility were decreasing according to the BC type (L-BC > M-BC > H-BC). The pesticide concentrations in the earthworms and lettuce correlated significantly to the SBSE results, which indicates this technique as a possible predictor of biotic uptake. Our results showed that the interactions were hard to predict in the complex soil-BC-pesticide system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Bošković
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šudoma
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bielská
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Škulcová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Doris Ribitsch
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerhard Soja
- Environmental Resources & Technologies, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 107, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hofman
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
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5
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Bošković N, Bílková Z, Šudoma M, Bielská L, Škulcová L, Ribitsch D, Soja G, Hofman J. Conazole fungicides epoxiconazole and tebuconazole in biochar amended soils: Degradation and bioaccumulation in earthworms. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129700. [PMID: 33545596 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar usage in agriculture becomes increasingly important for the improvement of soil properties. However, from the perspective of pesticides, biochar can influence exposure to pesticides of both target and non-target organisms and also pesticides' fate in soil. Our study investigated degradation and bioaccumulation (in the Eisenia andrei earthworm) of two conazole fungicides, epoxiconazole and tebuconazole, added to high- and low-sorbing soils (by means of fungicides' sorption measured beforehand) amended with low-, moderate- and high-sorbing biochars at 0.2% and 2% doses. We aimed to investigate the effects of contrasting soil and biochar properties, different doses of biochar in soil-biochar mixtures, and different compounds on the degradation and bioaccumulation. We also wanted to explore if the beforehand determined sorption of fungicides on individual soils and biochars is manifested somehow in their degradation and/or bioaccumulation in soil-biochar mixtures. The biochars' presence in the soils promoted the degradation of fungicides with a clear effect of dose and soil, but less clear effect of biochar or compound. The bioaccumulation factors were higher in low-sorbing soil variants and also decreased with increasing biochar dose. For low-sorbing soil variants, the bioaccumulation was also influenced by the type of biochar corresponding to its sorbing potential and the possible effect on the bioavailability of the fungicides. Our results show that mixing of biochars with soils changes the fate and bioaccumulation of the conazole fungicides. However, the sorption results from original materials are not straightforwardly manifested in the more complex soil-biota system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Bošković
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bílková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Šudoma
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bielská
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic; Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Czech Republic
| | - Lucia Škulcová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic
| | - Doris Ribitsch
- Institute for Environmental Biotechnology, Department for Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 20, A-3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Gerhard Soja
- AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH, Environmental Resources & Technologies, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria; Institute of Chemical and Energy Engineering, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Muthgasse 107, 1190, Wien, Austria
| | - Jakub Hofman
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno, 625 00, Czech Republic.
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Rodríguez-Seijo A, Lourenço J, Arenas-Lago D, Mendo S, Vega FA, Pereira R. Chemical availability versus bioavailability of potentially toxic elements in mining and quarry soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 251:126421. [PMID: 32443230 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Abandoned mining and quarry areas are sources of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), through lixiviates or transfer processes of bioavailable fractions from mining wastes and tailings. In this study, earthworms (Eisenia fetida Savigny, 1826) were exposed for 28 days to two mining soils from a lead/zinc mine and two quarry soils from an old serpentine quarry. Despite their pseudo total metal contents, a previous characterization of these soils pointed out for a low chemical availability of PTEs. Therefore, a multibiomarker approach was used and the response of E. fetida to soils was assessed through the analysis of neurotoxic, oxidative stress, energy metabolism and DNA damage biomarkers (acetylcholinesterase, catalase, glutathione-s-transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation and DNA strand breaks). Metal bioaccumulation was also assessed to evaluate bioavailability and organism's exposure. Results showed that high contents of PTEs were recorded in the whole body of earthworms exposed to lead/zinc mine. However, the bioaccumulation factors for worms exposed to soils from both sampling sites were <1 due to the high PTEs contents in soils. Earthworms exposed to both types of soils displayed neurotoxic and energy metabolism effects. However, significant levels of oxidative stress and DNA damage were recorded only for earthworms exposed to lead/zinc mine soils. This study demonstrated that despite the low availability of PTEs showed by previous sequential chemical extractions, the results obtained from the direct toxicity assessment performed in this study, highlight the importance of a multibiomarker approach using soil organisms to provide a better evaluation of soils pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Rodríguez-Seijo
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Matosinhos, 4450-208, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Lourenço
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Daniel Arenas-Lago
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias Do Solo, Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas 1, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Sónia Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Flora A Vega
- Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias Do Solo, Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, As Lagoas 1, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Ruth Pereira
- GreenUPorto - Sustainable Agrifood Production Research Centre & Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
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Guo D, Ren C, Ali A, Li R, Du J, Liu X, Guan W, Zhang Z. Streptomyces pactum combined with manure compost alters soil fertility and enzymatic activities, enhancing phytoextraction of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in a smelter-contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 181:312-320. [PMID: 31202931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The effect of manure compost alone and combined with Streptomyces pactum (Act12) applied in the smelter-contaminated soil was investigated. The soil fertility, enzymatic activities, potentially toxic metals (PTMs) solubility, and phytoremediation efficiency of potherb mustard (Brassica juncea, Coss.) were assessed. Results showed that the application of compost reduced the soil pH, while significantly increased the soil electrical conductivity (EC) (7.0 folds), available phosphorus (AP) (10.8 folds), available potassium (AK) (2.81 folds), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (5.22 folds), organic matter (OM) (4.93 folds), together with soil enzymatic activities viz. urease (UR) (4.39 folds), dehydrogenase (DEH) (45.0 folds) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (123.9 folds) in comparison with control. The inoculation of Act12 increased AP, AK, DOC, OM and UR values, but reduced EC, DEH and ALP values compared to corresponding lone compost amendment. Additionally, Act12 solubilized PTMs (Cd and Zn) in the soil, and accordingly enhanced the PTMs uptake in the plant. The phytoextraction indices viz. biological concentration factor (BCF), translocation factor (TF) and metal extraction amount (MEA) indicated that compost and Act12 had a synergistic role in enhancing the phytoremediation efficiency, among which MEA values of Cd and Zn maximally increased by 9.64 and 11.4 folds, respectively, compared to control. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that phytoextraction indices correlated well with soil parameters. Our results suggested that manure compost associated with Act12 is a potential strengthening strategy in phytoremediation of PTMs contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chunyan Ren
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Juan Du
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weidou Guan
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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8
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Guo D, Ren C, Ali A, Du J, Zhang Z, Li R, Zhang Z. Streptomyces pactum and sulfur mediated the antioxidant enzymes in plant and phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements from a smelter-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:37-44. [PMID: 31071631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The toxic potentially toxic metals elements (PTEs) discharged from industrial activities and agricultural practices persistently pose multiple hazards to environment and living organisms. Microbe-assisted phytoremediation provide an effective approach to remediate PTEs-contaminated soils. A phytoextraction process involved the application of Streptomyces pactum (Act12, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g kg-1 dry soil, respectively) alone/jointly with sulfur was executed. The main texture of the tested soil was sandy loam and with a pH 8.27. The obtained results showed that the leaf pigments and plant biomass were improved after the application of the Act12, while the shoot fresh weight, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b decreased by 57.8, 38.2 and 40.7%, respectively, after treatment with sulfur. Similarly, sulfur application facilitated the malondialdehyde (MDA) production by 18.4-33.6% compared to the control (no amendments). Both peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were boosted, while the catalase (CAT) activity was suppressed with Act12 alone/jointly with sulfur treatment. The sulfur combined with elevated Act12 levels notably increased the cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) concentrations both in shoots and roots, while the elemental extraction amount showed the removal efficiency following the order: Act12 alone > control > Act12 jointly with sulfur. Taken together, the results suggested that Streptomyces pactum and sulfur assisted the phytoremediation process, while further studies should be conducted in the field to test practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chunyan Ren
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Juan Du
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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Jegede OO, Awuah KF, Fajana HO, Owojori OJ, Hale BA, Siciliano SD. The forgotten role of toxicodynamics: How habitat quality alters the mite, Oppia nitens, susceptibility to zinc, independent of toxicokinetics. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:444-454. [PMID: 31003129 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil habitat quality is thought to influence metal toxicity via changes in speciation and thereby toxicokinetics. Here, we assessed the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic effects of habitat quality on mite, Oppia nitens when exposed to zinc (Zn) contaminated soils. Forty-seven soils were ranked into three habitat qualities; high, medium, and low based on biological reproduction of Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus, and Elymus lanceolatus. From the 47 soils, eighteen soils (comprising of six soils from each habitat quality) were randomly selected and dosed with field relevant concentrations of Zn. Mite survival and reproduction were assessed after 28 days. Total Zn, bioaccessible Zn, Zn bioavailability, Zn body burden, lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activities of the mites were determined. Zinc toxicity and potency were much less in the high compared to low quality soils and the mites in the high habitat quality soils tolerated higher zinc body burdens (2040 ± 130 μg/g b.w) than the lower habitat quality (1180 ± 310 μg/g b.w). Lower LDH activity (20 ± 2 μU mg-1) in the high quality soils compared to lower quality soils (50 ± 8 μU mg-1) suggested that there was less stress in the high habitat quality mites. Despite changes in speciation across habitat qualities, bioavailability of zinc was similar (∼20%) irrespective of habitat quality. Our results suggest that the influence of soil properties on survival is modulated by toxicodynamics rather than toxicokinetics. Restoring habitat quality may be more important for soil invertebrate protection than metal concentration at contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olukayode O Jegede
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B3.
| | - Kobby F Awuah
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B3
| | - Hamzat O Fajana
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B3
| | - Olugbenga J Owojori
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8
| | - Beverley A Hale
- Department of Land Resource Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, N1G 2W1
| | - Steven D Siciliano
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5B3; Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada, S7N 5A8
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Mahar A, Wang P, Ali A, Lahori AH, Awasthi MK, Wang Z, Guo Z, Wang Q, Feng S, Li R, Zhang Z. (Im)mobilization of soil heavy metals using CaO, FA, sulfur, and Na2S: a 1-year incubation study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 15:607-620. [DOI: 10.1007/s13762-017-1427-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
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11
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Lahori AH, Zhang Z, Guo Z, Li R, Mahar A, Awasthi MK, Wang P, Shen F, Kumbhar F, Sial TA, Zhao J, Guo D. Beneficial effects of tobacco biochar combined with mineral additives on (im)mobilization and (bio)availability of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn from Pb/Zn smelter contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:528-538. [PMID: 28787614 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of tobacco biochar (TB) alone and in combined with mineral additives: Ca-hydroxide (CH), Ca-bentonite (CB) and natural zeolite (NZ), on immobilization of Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn, via reduce its (bio) availability to plants were investigated. The soils were collected from Tongguan contaminated (TG-C), Fengxian heavily contaminated (FX-HC) and Fengxian lightly contaminated (FX-LC) fields, Shaanxi province, China. The contaminated top soils were treated with low-cost amendments with an application rate of 1% and cultivated by Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.) under greenhouse condition. Results showed that the all amendments (p < 0.05) potentially maximum reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb 82.53, Cd 31.52 and Cu 75.0% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil, while in case of Zn 62.21% with TB + CH in FX-HC soil than control. The addition of amendments clearly increased dry biomass of Brassica campestris L. as compared with un-amended treatment (except TB + CH). Furthermore, these amendments markedly increased the uptake by plant shoot viz, Cd 10.51% with TB alone and 11.51% with TB + CB in FX-HC soil, similarly in FX-LC Cd increased 5.15% with TB + CH and 22.19% with TB + NZ, respectively. In same trend the Cu uptake in plant shoot was 19.30% with TB + CH in TG-C, whereas 43.90 TB + CH and 19.24% with TB + NZ in FX-LC soil. On the other hand as compared to control Cu accumulation in plant root was observed by TB, TB + CH and TB + CB treatments, while maximum uptake was 62.41% with TB + CH in TG-C soil. Consequently, except TB + CH treatment the chlorophyll content potentially increased in all amendment than control treatment, because of changes in soil EC, pH but increased CEC values after application of amendments. The results of this pot experiment are promising but they will further need to be confirmed with long-term field experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Farhana Kumbhar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Di Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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Hussain Lahori A, Zhang Z, Guo Z, Mahar A, Li R, Kumar Awasthi M, Ali Sial T, Kumbhar F, Wang P, Shen F, Zhao J, Huang H. Potential use of lime combined with additives on (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of heavy metals from Pb/Zn smelter contaminated soils. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:313-323. [PMID: 28756252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This explorative study was aimed to assess the efficiency of lime alone and in combined with additives to immobilize Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn in soil and reduce their phytoavailability for plant. A greenhouse pot experiment was performed by using low and heavily contaminated top soils viz. Tongguan contaminated (TG-C); Fengxian heavily contaminated (FX-HC) and Fengxian low contaminated (FX-LC). The contaminated soils were treated with lime (L) alone and in combined with Ca-bentonite (CB), Tobacco biochar (TB) and Zeolite (Z) at 1% and cultivated by Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L). Results revealed that all amendments (p< 0.05) significantly reduced the DTPA-extractable Pb 97.33, Cd 68.06 and Cu 91.11% with L+TB, L+CB, L+Z in FX-LC soil and Zn 87.12% respectively, with L+CB into TG-C soil. Consequently, the application of lime alone and in combined with additives were drastically decreased the dry biomass yield of Brassica campestris L. as compared with control. Thus, these feasible amendments potentially maximum reduced the uptake by plant shoots upto Pb 53.47 and Zn 67.93% with L+Z and L+TB in FX-LC soil, while Cd 68.58 and Cu 60.29% with L+TB, L+CB in TG-C soil but Cu uptake in plant shoot was observed 27.26% and 30.17% amended with L+TB and L+Z in FX-HC and FX-LC soils. On the other hand, these amendments were effectively reduced the potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in roots upto Pb77.77% L alone in FX-HC, Cd 96.76% with L+TB in TG-C, while, Cu 66.70 and Zn 60.18% with L+Z in FX-LC. Meanwhile, all amendments were responsible for increasing soil pH and CEC but decreased soils EC level. Based on this result, these feasible soil amendments were recommended for long term-study under field condition to see the response of another hyper accumulator crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Amanullah Mahar
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Farhana Kumbhar
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Junchao Zhao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
| | - Hui Huang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shannxi 712100, China
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Mahar A, Wang P, Ali A, Guo Z, Awasthi MK, Lahori AH, Wang Q, Shen F, Li R, Zhang Z. Impact of CaO, fly ash, sulfur and Na 2S on the (im)mobilization and phytoavailability of Cd, Cu and Pb in contaminated soil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134P1:116-123. [PMID: 27611219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metals pollution is a serious problem worldwide due to its potential human health risks through food chain. Therefore, a sustainable solution is needed to efficiently remediate HMs contaminated soils. Our study aimed to assess the impact of CaO, fly ash, sulfur, and Na2S on the immobilization of Cd, Cu, and Pb and their uptake by Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa chinensis) in a contaminated soil. The concentration of DTPA-extractable Cd, Cu, and Pb was significantly decreased as compared to control in treated soil. However, the solubility of Cd, Cu, and Pb has increased at greater extent in soil system which favored the uptake of metals in roots and shoots of Chinese cabbage. In general, Cd uptake was significantly increased in shoots followed by roots as compared to control. In addition, Cu has also same trend of increased uptake in shoots as compared to roots. However, the uptake Pb in shoots was considerably increased in Na2S treated samples whereas roots have shown great potential for Pb uptake in CaO treated samples as compared to control. Although, sulfur treatments had efficiently immobilized metals but reduced soil pH to highly acidic level which restricted the growth of Chinese cabbage in sulfur treated samples. We assume that sulfur amendment could be applied for immobilization of metals in alkaline soils rather than acidic soils to achieve better immobilization results. In order to achieve sustainable phytoextraction of Cd, Cu, and Pb using CaO, FA, and Na2S, the non-edible hyperaccumulators species are suggested to be investigated in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanullah Mahar
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Centre for Environmental Sciences, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Amjad Ali
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhanyu Guo
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, Amicable Knowledge Solution University, Satna, India
| | - Altaf Hussain Lahori
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Quan Wang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Feng Shen
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ronghua Li
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengqiang Zhang
- College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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14
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Sivakumar S. Effects of metals on earthworm life cycles: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:530. [PMID: 26215824 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Earthworms are abundant and ecologically very important organisms in the soil ecosystem. Impacts by pollutants on earthworm communities greatly influence the fertility of the terrestrial environment. In ecotoxicology, earthworms are good indicators of metal pollution. The observed median lethal concentrations (LC50) and the effective concentrations that cause 50% reduction of earthworm growth and reproduction (EC50) are referred to as toxicity concentrations or endpoints. In addition, the 'no observed effective concentration' (NOEC) is the estimation of the toxicity of metals on earthworms expressed as the highest concentration tested that does not show effects on growth and reproduction compared to controls. This article reviews the ecotoxicological parameters of LC50, EC50 and NOEC of a set of worms exposed to a number of metals in various tested media. In addition, this article reviews metal accumulation and the influences of soil characteristics on metal accumulation in earthworms. Morphological and behavioural responses are often used in earthworm toxicity studies. Therefore, earthworm responses due to metal toxicity are also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sivakumar
- Department of Bioenvironmental Energy, College of Natural Resource and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 627-706, South Korea,
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15
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Owojori OJ, Siciliano SD. The potentiation of zinc toxicity by soil moisture in a boreal forest ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2015; 34:600-607. [PMID: 25502519 DOI: 10.1002/etc.2846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Northern boreal forests often experience forest dieback as a result of metal ore mining and smelting. The common solution is to lime the soil, which increases pH, reducing metal toxicity and encouraging recovery. In certain situations, however, such as in Flin Flon, Manitoba, Canada, liming has yielded only moderate benefits, with some locations responding well to liming and other locations not at all. In an effort to increase the effectiveness of the ecorestoration strategy, the authors investigated if these differences in liming responsiveness were linked to differences in toxicity. Toxicity of metal-impacted Flin Flon soils on the oribatid mite Oppia nitens and the collembolan Folsomia candida was assessed, with a view toward identifying the metal of concern in the area. The effects of moisture content on metal sorption, uptake, and toxicity to the invertebrates were also investigated. Toxicity tests with the invertebrates were conducted using either Flin Flon soils or artificial soils with moisture content adjusted to 30%, 45%, 60%, or 75% of the maximum water-holding capacity of the soil samples. The Relative to Cd Toxicity Model identified Zn as the metal of concern in the area, and this was confirmed using validation tests with field contaminated soils. Furthermore, increasing the moisture content in soils increased the amount of mobile Zn available for uptake with the ion exchange resin. Survival and reproduction of both invertebrates were reduced under Zn exposure as moisture level increased. Thus, moisture-collecting landforms, which are often also associated with high Zn concentrations at Flin Flon, have, as a result, higher Zn toxicity to the soil ecosystem because of increases in soil moisture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olugbenga J Owojori
- Department of Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada; Department of Zoology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
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Beaumelle L, Lamy I, Cheviron N, Hedde M. Is there a relationship between earthworm energy reserves and metal availability after exposure to field-contaminated soils? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2014; 191:182-189. [PMID: 24852409 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Generic biomarkers are needed to assess environmental risks in metal polluted soils. We assessed the strength of the relationship between earthworm energy reserves and metal availability under conditions of cocktail of metals at low doses and large range of soil parameters. Aporrectodea caliginosa was exposed in laboratory to a panel of soils differing in Cd, Pb and Zn total and available (CaCl2 and EDTA-extractable) concentrations, and in soil texture, pH, CEC and organic-C. Glycogen, protein and lipid contents were recorded in exposed worms. Glycogen contents were not linked to the explaining variables considered. Variable selection identified CaCl2 extractable metals concentrations and soil texture as the main factors affecting protein and lipid contents. The results showed opposite effects of Pb and Zn, high inter-individual variability of biomarkers and weak relationships with easily extractable metals. Our results support the lack of genericity of energy reserves in earthworms exposed to field-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mickaël Hedde
- INRA, UR 251 PESSAC, 78026 Versailles Cedex, France.
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Voua Otomo P, Wahl J, Maboeta MS. The enchytraeid reproduction test (ERT): A potentially quick and affordable tool for the assessment of metal contaminated soils in emerging economies. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 91:545-548. [PMID: 24002444 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-013-1092-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The enchytraeid reproduction test (ERT) was used to assess the ecotoxicity of selected mine tailings and agricultural soils from South Africa. The mine tailings had higher cumulative metal concentrations than agricultural soils. The most contaminated mine tailings significantly reduced the survival of the oligochaete Enchytraeus doerjesi whose reproduction was suppressed in all mine waste substrates. Because it reliably singled out the most contaminated substrate and was found easy to perform, we suggest that the ERT could be a quick and affordable tool for assigning intervention values for soil remediation in emerging economies such as South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricks Voua Otomo
- School of Environmental Sciences, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa,
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18
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Otomo PV, Maboeta MS, Bezuidenhout C. Inadequate Taxonomy and Highly Divergent COI Haplotypes in Laboratory and Field Populations of Earthworms used in Ecotoxicology. A Case Study. AFRICAN ZOOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.3377/004.048.0224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Tica D, Udovic M, Lestan D. Long-term efficiency of soil stabilization with apatite and Slovakite: the impact of two earthworm species (Lumbricus terrestris and Dendrobaena veneta) on lead bioaccessibility and soil functioning. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 91:1-6. [PMID: 23219407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Remediation soil is exposed to various environmental factors over time that can affect the final success of the operation. In the present study, we assessed Pb bioaccessibility and microbial activity in industrially polluted soil (Arnoldstein, Austria) stabilized with 5% (w/w) of Slovakite and 5% (w/w) of apatite soil after exposure to two earthworm species, Lumbricus terrestris and Dendrobaena veneta, used as model environmental biotic soil factors. Stabilization resulted in reduced Pb bioaccessibility, as assessed with one-step extraction tests and six-step sequential extraction, and improved soil functioning, mirrored in reduced β-glucosidase activity in soil. Both earthworm species increased Pb bioaccessibility, thus decreasing the initial stabilization efficacy and indicating the importance of considering the long-term fate of remediated soil. The earthworm species had different effects on soil enzyme activity, which can be attributed to species-specific microbial populations in earthworm gut acting on the ingested soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tica
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Shahid M, Ferrand E, Schreck E, Dumat C. Behavior and impact of zirconium in the soil-plant system: plant uptake and phytotoxicity. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 221:107-127. [PMID: 23090631 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4448-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Zirconium (Zr) is a transition metal that has both stable and radioactive isotopes.This metal has gained significant attention as a major pollutant of concern, partly because it has been prominent in the debate concerning the growing anthropogenic pressure on the environment. Its numerous past and present uses have induced significant soil and water pollution. Zr is generally considered to have low mobility in soils. The behavior of Zr particularly depends on the characteristics of the media in which it exists, and even its presence in the biosphere as a contaminate may affect its behavior. In this chapter, we describe the relationship between the behavior of Zrand its speciation in soils, its uptake and accumulation by plants, its translocation and toxicity inside plants, and mechanisms by which plants detoxify it.Zr is abundant and occurs naturally in the earth's crust. Zr emissions to the atmosphere are increasing from anthropogenic activities such as its use in industry and nuclear reactors. Zr forms various complexes with soil components, which reduces its soil mobility and phytoavailabilty. The mobility and phytoavailabilty of Zr in soil depend on its speciation and the physicochemical properties of soil that include soil pH, texture, and organic contents. Despite having low soil mobility and phytoavailability,amounts of Zr are absorbed by plants, mainly through the root system and can thereby enter the food chain.After plant uptake, Zr mainly accumulates in root cells. Zr does not have any known essential function in plant or animal metabolism. Although little published data are available, we conclude that the phytotoxicity of Zr is generally low.Notwithstanding, Zr can significantly reduce plant growth and can affect plantenzyme activity. When exposed to Zr-induced toxicity, plants possess numerous defense mechanisms to cope with the toxicity. Such strategies include Zr sequestration in plant roots and activation of various antioxidants. Because Zr may have impact on the biosphere, we believe it deserves to be evaluated in supplementary studies that will enhance the understanding of its behavior in soil-plant systems.
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Udovic M, Lestan D. EDTA and HCl leaching of calcareous and acidic soils polluted with potentially toxic metals: remediation efficiency and soil impact. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 88:718-724. [PMID: 22591846 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The environmental risk of potentially toxic metals (PTMs) in soil can be diminished by their removal. Among the available remediation techniques, soil leaching with various solutions is one of the most effective but data about the impact on soil chemical and biological properties are still scarce. We studied the effect of two common leaching agents, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and a chelating agent (EDTA) on Pb, Zn, Cd removal and accessibility and on physico-chemical and biological properties in one calcareous, pH neutral soil and one non-calcareous acidic soil. EDTA was a more efficient leachant compared to HCl: up to 133-times lower chelant concentration was needed for the same percentage (35%) of Pb removal. EDTA and HCl concentrations with similar PTM removal efficiency decreased PTM accessibility in both soils but had different impacts on soil properties. As expected, HCl significantly dissolved carbonates from calcareous soil, while EDTA leaching increased the pH of the acidic soil. Enzyme activity assays showed that leaching with HCl had a distinctly negative impact on soil microbial and enzyme activity, while leaching with EDTA had less impact. Our results emphasize the importance of considering the ecological impact of remediation processes on soil in addition to the capacity for PTM removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Metka Udovic
- Centre for Soil and Environmental Science, Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, Sl-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Mourier B, Fritsch C, Dhivert E, Gimbert F, Cœurdassier M, Pauget B, Vaufleury AD, Scheifler R. Chemical extractions and predicted free ion activities fail to estimate metal transfer from soil to field land snails. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 85:1057-1065. [PMID: 21903239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the relevance of several soil chemical extractions (calcium chloride, acetic acid, citric acid and a four-step sequential procedure) and predicted free metal ion activities in the soil solution to characterise the transfer of trace metals (Cd, Pb, and Zn) from soil to snail soft tissues over a large smelter-impacted area (Metaleurop Nord, Nord-Pas-de-Calais, France). The study was first performed on six snail species together and then specifically on Cepaea sp. and Oxychilus draparnaudi. When the six species were considered together, the accumulation of metals depended mostly on the species. When significant, total or extractable metal concentrations, or the predicted free ion activities, accounted for less than 7% of the variation of the metal concentrations in the snail tissues. Species-specific analyses showed that extractable concentrations explained approximately 25% of the variation of the metal concentrations in O. draparnaudi, and up to 8% in Cepaea snails. When using total soil concentrations and soil properties as explanatory variables, the models were generally slightly better, explaining up to 42% of the variance. The soil extraction procedures and predicted free ion activities used in this study did not accurately estimate the metal transfer from soil to snails and could not be used in risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice Mourier
- Chrono-Environment, UMR 6249 University of Franche-Comté/CNRS UsC INRA, Place Leclerc, F-25030 Besançon Cedex, France.
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Tica D, Udovic M, Lestan D. Immobilization of potentially toxic metals using different soil amendments. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 85:577-83. [PMID: 21767865 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/21/2011] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The in situ stabilization of potentially toxic metals (PTMs), using various easily available amendments, is a cost-effective remediation method for contaminated soils. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of apatite and a commercial mixture of dolomite, diatomite, smectite basaltic tuff, bentonite, alginite and zeolite (Slovakite) on Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd stabilization by means of decreasing their bioavailability in contaminated soil from an old lead and zinc smelter site in Arnoldstein, Austria. We also investigated the impact of 5% (w/w) apatite and Slovakite applications on soil functionality and quality, as assessed by glucose-induced soil respiration, dehydrogenase, acid and alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase activity. Both amendments resulted in increased soil pH and decreased PTM potential bioavailability assessed by diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid extraction and by sequential extractions in the water-soluble and exchangeable fractions. The efficiency of stabilization was reflected in the soil respiration rate and in enzymatic activity. The β-glucosidase activity assay was the most responsive of them.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Tica
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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