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Zhang J, Xu Z, Chu W, Ma L, He H, Jin W, Fang C. Optimizing the placement of medical wastewater outlets in sewer systems to reduce chemical consumption at wastewater treatment plants. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 264:122205. [PMID: 39116612 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The severely low influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has become a critical issue. A key factor is the excessive biodegradation of organic matter by microbial communities within sewer systems. Intense disinfection commonly adopted for medical wastewater leads to abundant residual chlorine entering sewers, likely causing significant changes in microbial communities and sewage quality in sewers, yet our understanding is limited. Through long-term sewer simulation batch tests, this study revealed the response mechanism of microbial communities to residual chlorine and its impact on organic matter concentration in sewage. Under residual chlorine stress, microbial community structure rapidly changed, and more complex microbial interactions were observed. Besides, pathways related to stress response such as two-component system were significantly enriched; pathways related to energy metabolism (such as carbon fixation in prokaryotes and citrate cycle) in microbial communities were inhibited, and carbon metabolism shifted from the Embden-Meyerhof pathway to the pentose phosphate pathway to enhance cellular reducing power, reduce oxidative stress, and consequently decrease organic matter degradation. Therefore, compared to sewers with normal disinfection, concentrations of COD and dissolved organic carbon in sewage under chlorine stress increased by 12.6 % and 7.4 %, respectively. Besides, the decay and transformation of residual chlorine in sewers were explored. These findings suggest a new approach to medical wastewater discharge management: placing the medical wastewater outlet at the upstream in sewer systems, which ensures that residual chlorine consumption reaches maximum during long-distance transportation, mitigating its harmful effects on WWTPs, and increases the influent organic matter concentration, thereby reducing the need for additional carbon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zuxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Wenhai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Liping Ma
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Huan He
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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da Silva DT, Guedes TDA, França RT, Martins CDMG, Loebmann D. Hematological and genotoxic biomarkers in a natural population of freshwater turtles Trachemys dorbigni (Duméril & Bibron, 1835) (Testudines: Emydidae) living in an urban area in Southern Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:37215-37228. [PMID: 38764087 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The present study aimed to report the morphometric and hematological indices and genotoxicity of a free-life population of D'Orbigny's slider turtles (Trachemys dorbigni) living in an urban area in Southern Brazil. For that, 16 specimens were randomly captured in an urban canal that receives irregular releases of wastewater. Biometrics and external visual changes were analyzed, such as turtle shell deformities, and the presence of parasites. Blood samples were collected to evaluate the hematological profile and the presence of micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities as potential mutagenic and genotoxic effects. Water physicochemical parameters were also measured. Organisms with ectoparasites (31.25%) and small carapace deformations (56.25%) were observed, but maximum carapace length and weight were considered normal for the species according to the literature. The blood profile indicated low hemoglobin and hematocrit and a high number of total leukocytes, particularly eosinophils which characterize parasitic infections. A frequency of 0.12% for the micronucleus was considered basal, but the frequency of other erythrocyte abnormalities was evident, mainly of blebbed nuclei (63.79%), indicating chromosomal damage in the early stage. The results of this study suggest that natural populations of chelonian inhabiting urbanized areas are impacted by anthropogenic activities in the surrounding environment. Furthermore, it provides comprehensive data which can serve as a comparative model for environmental monitoring studies involving turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Tavares da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Thays de Andrade Guedes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Raqueli Teresinha França
- Departamento de Clínica Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Campus Capão Do Leão, Pelotas, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
| | - Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil.
| | - Daniel Loebmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Av. Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
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Hu S, Liu Y, Wei L, Luo D, Wu Q, Huang X, Xiao T. Recent advances in clay minerals for groundwater pollution control and remediation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:24724-24744. [PMID: 38503955 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Clay minerals are abundant on Earth and have been crucial to the advancement of human civilization. The ability of clay minerals to absorb chemicals is frequently utilized to remove hazardous compounds from aquatic environments. Moreover, clay-based adsorbent products are both environmentally acceptable and affordable. This study provides an overview of advances in clay minerals in the field of groundwater remediation and related predictions. The existing literature was examined using data and information aggregation approaches. Keyword clustering analysis of the relevant literature revealed that clay minerals are associated with groundwater utilization and soil pollution remediation. Principal component analysis was used to assess the relationships among clay mineral modification methods, pollutant properties, and the Langmuir adsorption capacity (Qmax). The results demonstrated that pollutant properties affect the Qmax of pollutants adsorbed by clay minerals. Systematic cluster analysis was utilized to classify the collected data and investigate the relationships. The pollution adsorption mechanism of the unique structure of clay minerals was investigated based on the characterization results. Modified clay minerals exhibited changes in surface functional groups, internal structure, and pHpzc. This review provides a summary of recent clay-based materials and their applications in groundwater remediation, as well as discussions of their challenges and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Hu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center On Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Lezhang Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Linköping University-Guangzhou University Research Center On Urban Sustainable Development, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dinggui Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qihang Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuexia Huang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Sarkar P, Ghimire S, Vlasov S, Mukhopadhyay K. Effect of clay-zwitterionic interactions in controlling the viscoelastic properties in organomodified clays. iScience 2023; 26:108388. [PMID: 38047072 PMCID: PMC10690574 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Investigating the rheology of 2D materials such as clays is of growing interest in various applications as it dictates their flowability and structural stability. Clay minerals present unique rheological properties, especially when in suspension. This study explores the effect of functionalizing bentonite clay with betaines of variable carbon chain lengths on the rheological properties of clay slurries to analyze their interactions in suspension. The results show that these zwitterion-functionalized clays exhibit higher viscosity, storage moduli, and flow stresses due to the formation of three-dimensional networks and increased aggregation caused by intercalation. The structural properties of the clay slurries are also found to be pH-sensitive. Additionally, XRD and SEM analyses support the proposed intercalation of the clays. The findings suggest the potential application of small-chain betaine functionalized clays in engineering and energy applications. Overall, this study provides insight into predicting the stability and strength of functionalized clay suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Sarkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Suvash Ghimire
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Sergey Vlasov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
| | - Kausik Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Guimarães ATB, Malafaia G. Multiple toxicity endpoints induced by carbon nanofibers in Amazon turtle juveniles: Outspreading warns about toxicological risks to reptiles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 779:146514. [PMID: 34030253 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of carbon-based nanomaterials (CNs) has been observed in different organisms; however, little is known about the impact of water polluted with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) on reptiles. Thus, the aim of the current study was to assess the chronic effects (7.5 months) of 1 and 10 mg/L of CNF on Podocnemis expansa (Amazon turtle) juveniles (4 months old) based on different biomarkers. Increased total organic carbon (TOC) concentrations observed in the liver and brain (which suggests CNF uptake) were closely correlated to changes in REDOX systems of turtles exposed to CNFs, mainly to higher nitrite, hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels. Increased levels of antioxidants such as total glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase in the exposed animals were also observed. The uptake of CNFs and the observed biochemical changes were associated with higher frequency of erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (assessed through micronucleus assays), as well as with both damage in erythrocyte DNA (assessed through comet assays) and higher apoptosis and necrosis rates in erythrocytes of exposed turtles. Cerebral and hepatic acetylcholinesterase (AChE) increased in turtles exposed to CNFs, and this finding suggested the neurotoxic effect of these nanomaterials. Data in the current study reinforced the toxic potential of CNFs and evidenced the biochemical, mutagenic, genotoxic, cytotoxic, and neurotoxic effects of CNFs on P. expansa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Goiano Federal Institute and Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urataí Campus, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Goiano Federal Institute and Federal University of Goiás, GO, Brazil; Biological Research Laboratory, Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute - Urataí Campus, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Ecology and Conservation of Natural Resources, Federal University of Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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Sub-lethal effect of synthetic pyrethroid pesticide on metabolic enzymes and protein profile of non-target Zebra fish, Danio rerio. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 27:441-447. [PMID: 31889868 PMCID: PMC6933226 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive application of pesticide in agricultural field affects the enzymatic activity of non-target animals, including fishes. In this study, the impact of sublethal concentration of fenvalerate on marker enzymes of freshwater Zebra fish was evaluated. Pesticide-induced stress can specifically affect non target fishes, through elevated level of reactive oxygen species which is responsible for biochemical, cell metabolism and physiological activities. The oxidative stress mediated by fenvalerate at sub lethal concentrations after 28 days of exposure of Zebra fish. Following 28 days of exposure of pesticide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, aspartate amino transferases, alanine amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase were assessed. Results revealed reduction of superoxide dismutase activity after 28 days of exposure in sub lethal concentration of fenvalerate in liver and gills. In liver, catalase activity was found to be less in fenvalerate exposed fish than control fish. In liver, increase of 75.75% aspartate amino transferase and 38% increase in alanine amino transferase in gills. SGPT activity was relatively higher than SGOT suggests more contribution of phyruvalate than oxaloacetate formation. Fenvalerate induced changes in acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activity in the liver and gills of Zebra fish after four weeks of exposure. Fenvalerate induced expression of various stress proteins in gill, liver, followed by muscle. Some proteins lost its intensity due to fenvalerate toxicity. Result revealed that enzyme assays and SDS-PAGE analysis for protein subunits determination is relevant tool to monitor stress in freshwater ecosystem. The findings suggest that in monitoring fenvalerate toxicity programme, enzyme activities can be potent diagnostic tool for fenvalerate induced toxicity.
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Abstract
Morphological and molecular techniques were used to investigate the presence of hemogregarines and haemosporidians in biological samples of free-living Geoffroy's side-necked turtles (Phrynops geoffroanus) and Giant Amazon turtles (Podocnemis expansa) from Brazil. No evolutionary form of haemosporidians or hemogregarines were observed in the blood smears of 83 P. geoffroanus samples, and there were no meronts in the histological sections of 31 necropsied P. geoffroanus samples. All DNA samples extracted from P. geoffroanus tissues and blood aliquots were negative in haemosporidian PCR assays (based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene) and hemogregarine PCR assays (based on the 18S rRNA gene). In the analysis of blood smears of all seven Podocnemis expansa evaluated, gametocytes of hemogregarines were observed. The seven P. expansa were negative in the haemosporidian PCR assays. Moreover, hemogregarine DNA was detected in blood samples from all of the sampled P. expansa. The phylogenetic maximum likelihood inference and probabilistic Bayesian inference revealed five closely related genotypes that formed a monophyletic group. There was also a sister group to the lineage that consisted of Haemogregarina spp. of freshwater turtles from Canada, Italy, Mozambique, Kenya, Gabon, Vietnam, and China. The findings suggest that free-living P. expansa were parasitized by a new genotype or even a possible new species of the genus Haemogregarina. Haemosporidians and hemogregarines are not frequently found in P. geoffroanus in the studied region under the local conditions of that period.
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Oliveira JPD, André MR, Alves Júnior JRF, Lustosa APG, Werther K. Molecular detection of hemogregarines and haemosporidians in Brazilian free-living testudines. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-PARASITES AND WILDLIFE 2018; 7:75-84. [PMID: 30050752 PMCID: PMC6058349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Morphological and molecular techniques were used to investigate the presence of hemogregarines and haemosporidians in biological samples of free-living Geoffroy's side-necked turtles (Phrynops geoffroanus) and Giant Amazon turtles (Podocnemis expansa) from Brazil. No evolutionary form of haemosporidians or hemogregarines were observed in the blood smears of 83 P. geoffroanus samples, and there were no meronts in the histological sections of 31 necropsied P. geoffroanus samples. All DNA samples extracted from P. geoffroanus tissues and blood aliquots were negative in haemosporidian PCR assays (based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene) and hemogregarine PCR assays (based on the 18S rRNA gene). In the analysis of blood smears of all seven Podocnemis expansa evaluated, gametocytes of hemogregarines were observed. The seven P. expansa were negative in the haemosporidian PCR assays. Moreover, hemogregarine DNA was detected in blood samples from all of the sampled P. expansa. The phylogenetic maximum likelihood inference and probabilistic Bayesian inference revealed five closely related genotypes that formed a monophyletic group. There was also a sister group to the lineage that consisted of Haemogregarina spp. of freshwater turtles from Canada, Italy, Mozambique, Kenya, Gabon, Vietnam, and China. The findings suggest that free-living P. expansa were parasitized by a new genotype or even a possible new species of the genus Haemogregarina. Haemosporidians and hemogregarines are not frequently found in P. geoffroanus in the studied region under the local conditions of that period. Hemogregarines was detected in blood samples of free-living Brazilian testudines. Gametocytes of hemogregarines were observed in Podocnemis expansa blood smears. Hemogregarines DNA fragments based on the 18S rRNA gene were detected in P. expansa. We propose that P. expansa were parasitized by a new genotype of Haemogregarina. Haemosporidians was not observed in either P. expansa or Phrynops geoffroanus samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Paula de Oliveira
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Studies, Jaboticabal Campus, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Rogério André
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Studies, Jaboticabal Campus, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Gomes Lustosa
- Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), National Center for Research and Conservation of Reptiles and Amphibians (RAN), Rua 229, n 95, Setor Leste Universitário, 74.605-090, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Karin Werther
- São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Studies, Jaboticabal Campus, Via de Acesso Professor Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, 14.884-900, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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Cortés-Gómez AA, Morcillo P, Guardiola FA, Espinosa C, Esteban MA, Cuesta A, Girondot M, Romero D. Molecular oxidative stress markers in olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) and their relation to metal concentrations in wild populations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 233:156-167. [PMID: 29073523 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to their longevity and extensive migration areas, marine turtles are able to accumulate diverse contaminants over many years and as a consequence they represent an interesting bioindicator species for marine ecosystem pollution. Metals provoke toxicological effects in many aquatic animal species, but marine turtles have been under-investigated in this area. Thus, we have determined the presence of certain inorganic elements (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn) in olive ridley turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) and related them to metallothionein (MT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) transcription and/or enzymatic activities. Gene expression of sod, cat and gr was found to be higher in blood than liver or kidney but most of the significant relationships were found in liver, not only for gene expression but also for enzyme activities. This must be related to the role the liver has as the first filter organ. Several positive relationships of sod, cat and gr gene expression in the different tissues were found in this population, as well as very high Cd concentrations. This could mean that these turtles are adapting to the metals-production of ROS and damage through a high transcription of these antioxidants. Multiple positive relationships with GR seem to be part of its compensatory effect due to the decrease of SOD production against the high and chronic exposure to certain xenobiotics. CAT, on the other hand, seems not to be used much, and glutathione detoxification of H2O2 may be more important in this species. Finally, despite the very high Cd concentrations found in this population, no significant relationship was found in any tissue with metallothionein gene expression. These results, along with very high Cd concentrations and a negative relationship with Cu, lead us to consider some kind of disruption in mt gene expression in these turtles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana A Cortés-Gómez
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France; Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Patricia Morcillo
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Francisco A Guardiola
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; Fish Nutrition & Immunobiology Group, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristobal Espinosa
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - María A Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - Marc Girondot
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Systématique et Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Paris Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Diego Romero
- Toxicology Area, Faculty of Veterinary, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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11
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Knotek Z. Alfaxalone as an induction agent for anaesthesia in terrapins and tortoises. Vet Rec 2014; 175:327. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Knotek
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Avian and Exotic Animal Clinic; University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno; Palackého třída 1-3 Brno CZ 612 42 Czech Republic
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12
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Effect of chronic exposure to prometryne on oxidative stress and antioxidant response in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:680131. [PMID: 24757669 PMCID: PMC3976930 DOI: 10.1155/2014/680131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate effects of the triazine herbicide prometryne on red swamp crayfish on the basis of oxidative stress, antioxidant indices in hepatopancreas and muscle, and histopathology of hepatopancreas. Crayfish were exposed to prometryne concentrations of 0.51 μg L−1, 0.144 mg L−1, and 1.144 mg L−1 for 11 and 25 days. Indices of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)), and antioxidant parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione reductase (GR)) in crayfish muscle and hepatopancreas were measured. Chronic exposure to prometryne did not showed the impact of oxidative damage to cells. Changes activity of the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, and GR were observed in all tested concentrations to prometryne for 11 and 25 days (P < 0.01) as compared with the control group. We did not see any differences in histopatological examination to hepatopancreas. Prolonged exposure of prometryne did not result in oxidative damage to cell lipids and proteins, but it led to changes in antioxidant activity in crayfish tissues. Changes in antioxidant systems were also observed in the environmental prometryne concentration of 0.51 μg L−1. The results suggest that antioxidant responses may have potential as biomarkers for monitoring residual triazine herbicides in aquatic environments.
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