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Cabrera M, Capparelli MV, Ortega-Andrade HM, Medina-Villamizar EJ, Rico A. Effects of the insecticide imidacloprid on aquatic invertebrate communities of the Ecuadorian Amazon. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 357:124459. [PMID: 38942275 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that has received particular attention due to its widespread use and potential adverse effects for aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Its toxicity to aquatic organisms has been evaluated in central and southern Europe as well as in (sub-)tropical regions of Africa and Asia, showing high toxic potential for some aquatic insects and zooplankton taxa. However, its toxicity to aquatic organisms representative of tropical regions of Latin America has never been evaluated. To fill this knowledge gap, we carried out a mesocosm experiment to assess the short- and long-term effects of imidacloprid on freshwater invertebrate communities representative of the Ecuadorian Amazon. A mesocosm experiment was conducted with five weekly applications of imidacloprid at four nominal concentrations (0.01 μg/L, 0.1 μg/L, 1 μg/L and 10 μg/L). Toxic effects were evaluated on zooplankton and macroinvertebrate populations and communities, as well as on water quality parameters for 70 days. Given the climatic conditions prevailing in the study area, characterized by a high solar radiation and abundant rainfall that resulted in mesocosm overflow, there was a rapid dissipation of the test compound from the water column (half-life: 4 days). The macroinvertebrate taxa Callibaetis pictus (Ephemeroptera), Chironomus sp. (Diptera), and the zooplankton taxon Macrocyclops sp., showed population declines caused by the imidacloprid treatment, with a 21-d Time Weighted Average No Observed Effect Concentrations (21-d TWA NOEC) of 0.46 μg/L, except for C. pictus which presented a 21-d TWA NOEC of 0.05 μg/L. In general terms, the sensitivity of these taxa to imidacloprid was greater than that reported for surrogate taxa in temperate zones and similar to that reported in other (sub-)tropical regions. These results confirm the high sensitivity of tropical aquatic invertebrates to this compound and suggest the need to establish regulations for the control of imidacloprid contamination in Amazonian freshwater ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Cabrera
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain; Grupo de Investigación de Recursos Hídricos y Acuáticos, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
| | - Mariana V Capparelli
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología-Estación El Carmen, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad del Carmen 24157, Mexico
| | - H Mauricio Ortega-Andrade
- Grupo de Investigación en Biogeografía y Ecología Espacial, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Tena, Ecuador
| | | | - Andreu Rico
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Spain.
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Hermann M, Polazzo F, Cherta L, Crettaz-Minaglia M, García-Astillero A, Peeters ETHM, Rico A, Van den Brink PJ. Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 260:121903. [PMID: 38875860 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Ongoing global climate change will shift nature towards Anthropocene's unprecedented conditions by increasing average temperatures and the frequency and severity of extreme events, such as heatwaves. While such climatic changes pose an increased threat for freshwater ecosystems, other stressors like pesticides may interact with warming and lead to unpredictable effects. Studies that examine the underpinned mechanisms of multiple stressor effects are scarce and often lack environmental realism. Here, we conducted a multiple stressors experiment using outdoor freshwater mesocosms with natural assemblages of macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, phytoplankton, macrophytes, and microbes. The effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (1 µg/L) were investigated in combination with three temperature scenarios representing ambient, elevated temperatures (+4 °C), and heatwaves (+0 to 8 °C), the latter two having similar energy input. We found similar imidacloprid dissipation patterns for all temperature treatments with lowest average dissipation half-lives under both warming scenarios (DT50: 3 days) and highest under ambient temperatures (DT50: 4 days) throughout the experiment. Amongst all communities, only the zooplankton community was significantly affected by the combined treatments. This community demonstrated low chemical sensitivity with lagged and significant negative imidacloprid effects only for cyclopoids. Heatwaves caused early and long-lasting significant effects on the zooplankton community as compared to elevated temperatures, with Polyarthra, Daphnia longispina, Lecanidae, and cyclopoids being the most negatively affected taxa, whereas Ceriodaphnia and nauplii showed positive responses to temperature. Community recovery from imidacloprid stress was slower under heatwaves, suggesting temperature-enhanced toxicity. Finally, microbial and macrofauna litter degradation were significantly enhanced by temperature, whereas the latter was also negatively affected by imidacloprid. A structural equation model depicted cascading food web effects of both stressors with stronger relationships and significant negative stressor effects at higher than at lower trophic levels. Our study highlights the threat of a series of heatwaves compared to elevated temperatures for imidacloprid-stressed freshwaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hermann
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Francesco Polazzo
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Cherta
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melina Crettaz-Minaglia
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ariadna García-Astillero
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Edwin T H M Peeters
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA Water Institute, Science and Technology Campus of the University of Alcalá, Avenida Punto Com 2, 28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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3
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Ishiwaka N, Hashimoto K, Hiraiwa MK, Sánchez-Bayo F, Kadoya T, Hayasaka D. Can warming accelerate the decline of Odonata species in experimental paddies due to insecticide fipronil exposure? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122831. [PMID: 37913977 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Systemic insecticides are one of the causes of Odonata declines in paddy fields. Since rising temperatures associated with global warming can contribute to strengthen pesticide toxicity, insecticide exposures under increasing temperatures may accelerate the decline of Odonata species in the future. However, the combined effects of multiple stressors on Odonata diversity and abundance within ecosystems under various environmental conditions and species interactions are little known. Here, we evaluate the combined effects of the insecticide fipronil and warming on the abundance of Odonata nymphs in experimental paddies. We show that the stand-alone effect of the insecticide exposure caused a significant decrease in abundance of the Odonata community, while nymphs decreased synergistically in the combined treatments with temperature rise in paddy water. However, impacts of each stressor alone were different among species. This study provides experimental evidence that warming could accelerate a reduction in abundance of the Odonata community exposed to insecticides (synergistic effect), although the strength of that effect might vary with the community composition in targeted habitats, due mainly to different susceptibilities among species to each stressor. Community-based monitoring in actual fields is deemed necessary for a realistic evaluation of the combined effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Ishiwaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, 3327-204, Nara, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Koya Hashimoto
- Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan; Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Bunkyotyo 3, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Masayoshi K Hiraiwa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, 3327-204, Nara, Nara, 631-8505, Japan
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Bayo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Taku Kadoya
- Biodiversity Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hayasaka
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, 3327-204, Nara, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
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Shen C, Pan X, Wu X, Xu J, Zheng Y, Dong F. Computer-aided toxicity prediction and potential risk assessment of two novel neonicotinoids, paichongding and cycloxaprid, to hydrobionts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160605. [PMID: 36460103 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Paichongding (IPP) and cycloxaprid (CYC) have been effectively used as the alternative products of imidacloprid (IMI) against IMI-resistant insects and exhibit a great market potential. However, risk assessment of IPP and CYC for non-target organisms, especially ecological risk assessment for non-target aquatic organisms, is still lacking. Here, we predicted the toxicity and potential risks of IPP, CYC, and their transformation products (TPs) to hydrobionts. The results indicated that IPP and CYC could generate 428 and 113 TPs, respectively, via aerobic microbial transformation. Nearly half of the IPP TPs and nearly 41 % of the CYC TPs exhibited high or moderate toxicity to Daphnia or fish. Moreover, we found that IPP, CYC, and 80 TPs of them posed potential risks to aquatic ecosystems. Almost all harmful TPs contained a 6-chloropyridine ring structure, suggesting that this structure may be associated with the strong toxicity of these TPs to aquatic organisms, and these TPs (IPP-TP2 or CYC-TP2, IPP-TP197 or CYC-TP71, IPP-TP198 or CYC-TP72, and IPP-TP212 or CYC-TP80) may appear in aquatic environments as final products. The risks posed by these TPs to aquatic ecosystems require more attention. This study provides insights into the toxicity and ecological risks of IPP and CYC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China; Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Xinglu Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaohu Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yongquan Zheng
- Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, PR China
| | - Fengshou Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China.
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Laicher D, Benkendorff K, White S, Conrad S, Woodrow RL, Butcherine P, Sanders CJ. Pesticide occurrence in an agriculturally intensive and ecologically important coastal aquatic system in Australia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 180:113675. [PMID: 35642798 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Coastal agricultural practices are often located in catchments upstream of ecologically important aquatic systems. Here, we investigate the occurrence of pesticides in a coastal creek flowing into a habitat-protected area within the Solitary Islands Marine Park, Australia. Water samples were collected from six sites along a creek transect during three sampling periods. Samples were analysed for 171 pesticide analytes, including organochlorines, organophosphates, herbicides, and fungicides. Five insecticides, two herbicides, and two fungicides were detected. The neonicotinoid imidacloprid was detected at 5 out of 6 sites, with concentrations reaching 294 μg L-1, the highest yet detected in Australian waterways. The organophosphate insecticide dimethoate was detected at 4 sites, which occurred at the 2nd highest detected concentration in the study (12.8 μg L-1). The presence of these pesticides in the aquatic environment downstream of horticulture in this and other regions may have serious implications for stream biota and ecologically important marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Laicher
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia.
| | - Kirsten Benkendorff
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Shane White
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Steve Conrad
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Woodrow
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter Butcherine
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
| | - Christian J Sanders
- National Marine Science Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, NSW, Australia
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Polylactic acid nanoparticles for co-delivery of dinotefuran and avermectin against pear tree pests with improved effective period and enhanced bioactivity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:633-641. [PMID: 35247422 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide compounding technology for disease and pest control emerges as an effective way to increase the effectiveness of pesticides while reducing pesticides resistance. Nanomaterials and encapsulation technology have offered a new insight into preparing efficient pesticide formulations, especially constructing a co-delivery nanoparticle for synergistic pesticides. In this study, a dinotefuran/avermectin co-delivery nanoparticles (DACNPs) against pear tree pests with polylactic acid (PLA) as the wall material were constructed by double-emulsion method combined with high-pressure homogenization technique. The drug content of the DACNPs was 39.1% with an average size of 245.7 ± 4.2 nm and the mean polymer dispersity index (PDI) value was 0.123. The DACNPs showed high foliar retention and good spread performance on target leaves due to the nanoscale effect. The obtained DACNPs showed a better control effect on Grapholitha molesta Busck and Psylla chinensis Yang et Li compared with the commercial formulations, which could significantly prolong the effective duration and enhance the bioactivity with lower amounts and application frequency of pesticides. This study may provide new insights into developing novel pesticide formulations to improve the utilization rate of pesticides, reduce environmental pollution and minimize the cost of farming.
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7
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Experimental evidence for neonicotinoid driven decline in aquatic emerging insects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2105692118. [PMID: 34697235 PMCID: PMC8612350 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105692118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Survey data show a large-scale decline in insects. This global decline is often linked to human actions in intensive agricultural areas. To investigate whether this decline has a causal relationship with neonicotinoid insecticides, we performed an outdoor experiment with representative surface water concentrations of the neonicotinoid thiacloprid. We exposed naturally formed aquatic communities to increasing neonicotinoid concentrations and monitored insect emergence during a 3-mo period. We show that increasing neonicotinoid concentrations strongly decreased the abundance and biomass of five major insect orders that together comprised >99% of the 55,574 collected insects as well as the diversity of the most species-rich freshwater family, thus showing a causal relation between insect decline and neonicotinoids. There is an ongoing unprecedented loss in insects, both in terms of richness and biomass. The usage of pesticides, especially neonicotinoid insecticides, has been widely suggested to be a contributor to this decline. However, the risks of neonicotinoids to natural insect populations have remained largely unknown due to a lack of field-realistic experiments. Here, we used an outdoor experiment to determine effects of field-realistic concentrations of the commonly applied neonicotinoid thiacloprid on the emergence of naturally assembled aquatic insect populations. Following application, all major orders of emerging aquatic insects (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, and Trichoptera) declined strongly in both abundance and biomass. At the highest concentration (10 µg/L), emergence of most orders was nearly absent. Diversity of the most species-rich family, Chironomidae, decreased by 50% at more commonly observed concentrations (1 µg/L) and was generally reduced to a single species at the highest concentration. Our experimental findings thereby showcase a causal link of neonicotinoids and the ongoing insect decline. Given the urgency of the insect decline, our results highlight the need to reconsider the mass usage of neonicotinoids to preserve freshwater insects as well as the life and services depending on them.
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Merga LB, Van den Brink PJ. Ecological effects of imidacloprid on a tropical freshwater ecosystem and subsequent recovery dynamics. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 784:147167. [PMID: 34088063 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of imidacloprid on structural (invertebrates and primary producers) and functional (organic matter decomposition and physicochemical parameters) characteristics of tropical freshwaters using acute single species and mesocosm studies performed in Ethiopia. The recovery of affected endpoints was also studied by using a mesocosm study period of 21 weeks. Our acute toxicity test showed that Cloeon dipterum (96-h EC50 = 1.5 μg/L) and Caenis horaria (96-h EC50 = 1.9 μg/L) are relatively sensitive arthropods to imidacloprid. The mesocosm experiment evaluated the effects of four applications of imidacloprid with a weekly interval and the results showed that the macroinvertebrate and zooplankton community structure changed significantly due to imidacloprid contamination in mesocosms repeatedly dosed with ≥0.1 and ≥ 0.01 μg/L, respectively (time weighted average concentrations of 112 days (TWA112d) of ≥0.124 and ≥ ≈0.02 μg/L, respectively). The largest responses were found for C. dipterum, C. horaria, Brachionus sp. and Filinia sp. Chlorophyll-a concentrations of periphyton and phytoplankton significantly increased in the ≥0.1 μg/L treatments levels which are indirect effects as a result of the release of grazing pressure. A significant, but quantitatively small, decrease of organic matter decomposition rate was observed in mesocosms treated with repeated doses of 1 μg/L (TWA112d of 2.09 μg/L). No recovery was observed for the macroinvertebrates community during the study period of 21 weeks, but zooplankton recovered after 9 weeks. We observed spatio-temporal related toxicity differences between tropical and temperate aquatic taxa, with tropical taxa generally being more sensitive. This suggests that use of temperate toxicity data for the risk assessment of imidacloprid in tropical region is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemessa B Merga
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Chemistry, Ambo University, P.O. Box 240, Ambo, Ethiopia
| | - Paul J Van den Brink
- Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands; Wageningen Environmental Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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9
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Bernardino MM, Alves PRL, de Santo FB, Niemeyer JC, Leal RMP. Ecotoxicity of imidacloprid to soil invertebrates in two tropical soils with contrasting texture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:27655-27665. [PMID: 33512682 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12562-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid is one of the most commercialized insecticides in agriculture in the world, with a broad spectrum of action. However, little is known about the effects of commercial formulations containing this active ingredient (a.i.) on non-target organisms in tropical soils. Our objective was to assess the toxicity based on the predicted environmental concentration (PEC) of imidacloprid, in the avoidance behaviour of earthworms and collembolans as well as in the reproduction of collembolans, in two representative soils of the Brazilian Cerrado with contrasting texture (clayey Oxisol and sandy Entisol). Ecotoxicity tests were carried out according to ISO protocols to assess the avoidance behaviour of earthworms (Eisenia andrei) and avoidance and reproduction of collembolans (Folsomia candida). In the earthworm's avoidance test, more than 80% of the individuals were found in the control, in all tested concentrations, indicating a possible habitat function loss in both soils. The avoidance behaviour of collembolans was observed in both soils, being more expressive (up to 75% of escape) in Oxisol. In Entisol, only the two highest concentrations were avoided (up to 63%). There was a negative effect on the reproduction of collembolans in both soils, with a higher EC50 value (0.255 mg kg-1) in Oxisol than in Entisol (0.177 mg kg-1), demonstrating higher toxicity in the sandy soil. These differences were attributed to the contrasting texture of the studied soils, probably due to lower retention of the a.i. in the sandy soil, causing an increased bioavailability. This study demonstrated that imidacloprid can be highly toxic to soil invertebrates, even in soil concentrations lower than those expected from recommended dose, causing an impact on the edaphic organisms and, consequently, compromising its functions in the soil ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Martins Bernardino
- Postgraduate Program in Agrochemistry, Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, P.O Box 66, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roger Lopes Alves
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Av. Fernando Machado 108 E, Chapeco, SC, 89802112, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Benedet de Santo
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems (PPGEAN), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus of Curitibanos, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Júlia Carina Niemeyer
- Postgraduate Program in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems (PPGEAN), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus of Curitibanos, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, 89520-000, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Marques Pereira Leal
- Postgraduate Program in Agrochemistry, Goiano Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, P.O Box 66, Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, 75901-970, Brazil
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Kan Q, Lu K, Dong S, Shen D, Huang Q, Tong Y, Wu W, Gao S, Mao L. Transformation and removal of imidacloprid mediated by silver ferrite nanoparticle facilitated peroxymonosulfate activation in water: Reaction rates, products, and pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115438. [PMID: 32866873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Imidacloprid (IMI) is one of the most extensively used chlorinated organic pesticides and its widespread occurrence makes it attract increased public concern and scientific interest. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation has been widely studied for the elimination of organic pollutants from water. But few studies are focused on their heterogeneous catalytic performance towards imidacloprid especially with the presence of silver ferrite nanoparticles (nAgFeO2)-based catalysts. Herein, the catalyst, nAgFeO2, was prepared via a co-precipitation method, and further applied to activate PMS for the removal of imidacloprid (IMI). Our results demonstrated that the prepared nAgFeO2 significantly promoted the activation of PMS for removing IMI, and the removal of IMI followed a pseudo first-order kinetics model with the corresponding nAgFeO2 dosage. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and quenching tests revealed the singlet oxygen (1O2)-mediated nonradical pathway, instead of hydroxyl radical (•OH) or sulfate radical (SO4•-), played the dominant role in the degradation of IMI. Eight products were identified and the degradation pathways of IMI were proposed. It is postulated that the primary site at the C-1 position of IMI was more easily attacked by the •OH yielding (6-chloropyridin-3-yl) methanol). While the site at the amidine nitrogen (2) of IMI was more likely attacked by the 1O2, and then reacted with •OH to produce 5-hydroxy imidacloprid. Overall, this study provides insights into the mechanisms of nonradical oxidation processes based on PMS for the elimination of pesticides from water, broadening the application of silver ferrite nanoparticles in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shipeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Danlei Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingguo Huang
- College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Griffin, GA, 30223, United States
| | - Yang Tong
- High Tech Research and Development Center, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Dragonfly Agri (Jiangsu) Research Corp. LTD, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Shixiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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Takeshita KM, Hayashi TI, Yokomizo H. Evaluation of interregional consistency in associations between neonicotinoid insecticides and functions of benthic invertebrate communities in rivers in urban rice-paddy areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140627. [PMID: 32653707 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides pose risks that need to be managed for conservation of aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we evaluated the associations between the estimated environmental concentrations of two neonicotinoid insecticides (imidacloprid and dinotefuran) and the total abundances of seven functional feeding groups (FFGs) of benthic invertebrate communities in rivers in urban rice-paddy areas in four Japanese regions. Regional datasets of benthic invertebrate communities and environmental variables available for Japan were analyzed. The associations between neonicotinoid exposure and benthic functional groups in each region were evaluated by applying a partial redundancy analysis to each regional dataset. We then examined whether there was an interregionally consistent pattern in the observed associations to ascertain the general applicability of the associations. In two of the four regions, the associations of the total abundances of the seven FFGs with neonicotinoid concentrations were significant, suggesting negative effects of imidacloprid and dinotefuran on river ecosystem functions in these two Japanese regions. Moreover, although the associations in the remaining two regions were not significant, the pattern of associations of the total abundances of six of the FFGs (shredders, filter feeders, collectors, grazers, predators, and scavengers) with imidacloprid concentrations seemed to be consistent among the four regions. This implies broad-scale negative effects of imidacloprid on river ecosystem functions in urban rice-paddy areas. We did not, however, find any interregionally consistent patterns in the associations with dinotefuran concentrations. This may be related to the multicollinearity with the imidacloprid concentrations and/or the low maximum dinotefuran concentration relative to the toxicity values of this neonicotinoid. Therefore, the association between dinotefuran and river ecosystem functions requires additional investigation. We believe that this type of hypotheses-generating research using country-wide biomonitoring and exposure databases can be a great aid in future ecological risk assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazutaka M Takeshita
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
| | - Takehiko I Hayashi
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Yokomizo
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan
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