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Enkhmandakh B, Joshi P, Robson P, Vijaykumar A, Mina M, Shin DG, Bayarsaihan D. Single-cell Transcriptome Landscape of DNA Methylome Regulators Associated with Orofacial Clefts in the Mouse Dental Pulp. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:1480-1492. [PMID: 37161276 DOI: 10.1177/10556656231172296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Significant evidence links epigenetic processes governing the dynamics of DNA methylation and demethylation to an increased risk of syndromic and nonsyndromic cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P). Previously, we characterized mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) at different stages of osteogenic differentiation in the mouse incisor dental pulp. The main objective of this research was to characterize the transcriptional landscape of regulatory genes associated with DNA methylation and demethylation at a single-cell resolution. DESIGN We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to characterize transcriptome in individual subpopulations of MSCs in the mouse incisor dental pulp. SETTINGS The biomedical research institution. PATIENTS/PARTICIPANTS This study did not include patients. INTERVENTIONS This study collected and analyzed data on the single-cell RNA expssion in the mouse incisor dental pulp. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Molecular regulators of DNA methylation/demethylation exhibit differential transcriptional landscape in different subpopulations of osteogenic progenitor cells. RESULTS scRNA-seq analysis revealed that genes encoding DNA methylation and demethylation enzymes (DNA methyltransferases and members of the ten-eleven translocation family of methylcytosine dioxygenases), methyl-DNA binding domain proteins, as well as transcription factors and chromatin remodeling proteins that cooperate with DNA methylation machinery are differentially expressed within distinct subpopulations of MSCs that undergo different stages of osteogenic differentiation. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest some mechanistic insights into a potential link between epigenetic alterations and multifactorial causes of CL/P phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badam Enkhmandakh
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Pujan Joshi
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Paul Robson
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Single Cell Biology Laboratory, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Anushree Vijaykumar
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mina Mina
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Dong-Guk Shin
- Computer Science and Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Dashzeveg Bayarsaihan
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for System Genomics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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2
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Liu H, Ma L, Cao Z. DNA methylation and its potential roles in common oral diseases. Life Sci 2024; 351:122795. [PMID: 38852793 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most common diseases worldwide and are associated with systemic illnesses, and the rising occurrence of oral diseases significantly impacts the quality of life for many individuals. It is crucial to detect and treat these conditions early to prevent them from advancing. DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic process that contributes to a variety of diseases including various oral diseases. Taking advantage of its reversibility, DNA methylation becomes a viable therapeutic target by regulating various cellular processes. Understanding the potential role of this DNA alteration in oral diseases can provide significant advances and more opportunities for diagnosis and therapy. This article will review the biology of DNA methylation, and then mainly discuss the key findings on DNA methylation in oral cancer, periodontitis, endodontic disease, oral mucosal disease, and clefts of the lip and/or palate in the background of studies on global DNA methylation and gene-specific DNA methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhengguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China; Department of Periodontology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Shiani A, Sharafi K, Omer AK, Kiani A, Matin BK, Heydari MB, Massahi T. A Systematic Literature Review on the Association Between Toxic and Essential Trace Elements and the Risk of Orofacial Clefts in Infants. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3504-3516. [PMID: 37957518 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Orofacial clefts (OFCs) have been linked to various toxic and essential trace elements (TETEs) worldwide. However, review estimation is absent. Therefore, addressing the hypothesis that TETEs are associated with OFCs is the main area of this review. A systematic literature search was conducted using electronic databases through PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar between 2004 and August 2022. The "AND" and "OR" operators were used to make our search results inclusive and restrictive as follows: ("Toxic element*" OR "Heavy metal*") AND ("Toxic element*" OR "Lead OR Arsenic OR Mercury*")) AND ("Essential trace element*" OR "Zinc OR Selenium OR Copper*")) AND ("Orofacial cleft*" OR "Cleft lip*" OR "Cleft palate*") AND ("Infant*" OR "Newborn*" OR "Neonate*")). The presence of toxic elements was linked to the development of OFCs. The results showed that higher levels of toxic elements in various biological sample types were related to increased risks for OFCs. Increased concentrations of essential trace elements (ETEs) lowered the risk of OFCs. Maternal consumption of diets rich in ETEs, including zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and molybdenum (Mo), was linked to a more pronounced reduction in the risk of OFCs. Based on the findings, it is acceptable to infer that maternal exposure to toxic elements, whether through environmental contaminants or dietary sources, was associated with an elevated risk of OFCs. Furthermore, the study revealed that ETEs exhibited a potential protective role in reducing the incidence of OFCs. This observation highlights the importance of reducing exposure to toxic elements during pregnancy and suggests that optimizing maternal intake of ETEs could be an effective preventive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Shiani
- Department of Speech Therapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Center, Taleghani and Imam Ali Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Kiomars Sharafi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Abdullah Khalid Omer
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
- Razga Company, Kurdistan Region, Sulaimani, Iraq.
| | - Amir Kiani
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center (RMRC), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behzad Karami Matin
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Research Institute for Health, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Heydari
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Tooraj Massahi
- Students Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Goida J, Pilmane M. The presence and distribution of various genes in postnatal CLP-affected palatine tissue. Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 46:1. [PMID: 38227085 DOI: 10.1186/s40902-024-00412-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide cleft lip with or without a cleft palate (CL/P) is the most common craniofacial birth defect. Apart from changes in facial appearance, additionally affected individuals often suffer from various associated comorbidities requiring complex multidisciplinary treatment with overall high expenses. Understanding the complete pathogenetic mechanisms of CL/P might aid in developing new preventative strategies and therapeutic approaches, help with genetic counselling, and improve quality of life. Many genes have been associated with the development of orofacial clefts; however, the majority require further research. Based on the role of PAX7, PAX9, SHH, SOX3, WNT3A, and WNT9B in orofacial development, the intention was to use chromogenic in situ hybridization to detect the six genes in postnatal CLP-affected palatine tissue and compare their distribution within the tissue samples. RESULTS Statistically significant differences in the distribution of PAX7, PAX9, WNT3A, and WNT9B were observed. In total, 19 pairs of moderate to very strong positive correlations were noted. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the cleft-affected palatine epithelium primarily seem to be associated with the PAX7 gene; however, PAX9, WNT3A, WNT9B, and SOX3 role seems to be more limited. Whilst connective tissue changes seem to depend on PAX7 only, SHH seems to participate individually and indistinctly. Numerous positive correlations reflect the complicating interactions of the pathways and their components in the orofacial cleft morphopathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Goida
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1010, Latvia.
| | - Mara Pilmane
- Institute of Anatomy and Anthropology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1010, Latvia
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Paz-Sabillón M, Torres-Sánchez L, Piña-Pozas M, Del Razo LM, Quintanilla-Vega B. Prenatal Exposure to Potentially Toxic Metals and Their Effects on Genetic Material in Offspring: a Systematic Review. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:2125-2150. [PMID: 35713810 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the background level of environmental pollutants, including metals, has increased. Pollutant exposure during the earliest stages of life may determine chronic disease susceptibility in adulthood because of genetic or epigenetic changes. The objective of this review was to identify the association between prenatal and early postnatal exposure to potentially toxic metals (PTMs) and their adverse effects on the genetic material of offspring. A systematic review was carried out following the Cochrane methodology in four databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible papers were those conducted in humans and published in English between 2010/01/01 and 2021/04/30. A total of 57 articles were included, most of which evaluated prenatal exposure. Most commonly evaluated PTMs were As, Cd, and Pb. Main adverse effects on the genetic material of newborns associated with PTM prenatal exposure were alterations in telomere length, gene or protein expression, mitochondrial DNA content, metabolomics, DNA damage, and epigenetic modifications. Many of these effects were sex-specific, being predominant in boys. One article reported a synergistic interaction between As and Hg, and two articles observed antagonistic interactions between PTMs and essential metals, such as Cu, Se, and Zn. The findings in this review highlight that the problem of PTM exposure persists, affecting the most susceptible populations, such as newborns. Some of these associations were observed at low concentrations of PTMs. Most of the studies have focused on single exposures; however, three interactions between essential and nonessential metals were observed, highlighting that metal mixtures need more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin Paz-Sabillón
- Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav, Ave. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luisa Torres-Sánchez
- National Institute of Public Health, Ave. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Maricela Piña-Pozas
- National Institute of Public Health, Ave. Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Luz M Del Razo
- Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav, Ave. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Betzabet Quintanilla-Vega
- Department of Toxicology, Cinvestav, Ave. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Dong J, Hu LK, Lu YK, Liu YH, Chu X, Yan YX. Association of serum uric acid with the risk of developing hypertension: A prospective cohort study with mediation analysis. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:345-356. [PMID: 36357616 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01081-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is associated with the incidence of hypertension, but whether relevant metabolic factors have mediating effects is not certain. Our study was based on a functional community cohort established in Beijing. In 2015, a total of 7482 individuals without hypertension were recruited and followed up until 2019. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SUA and hypertension. Cross-lagged panel analysis and mediation analysis were used to explore the effects of metabolic factors on the association between SUA and incident hypertension. During the average 4-year follow-up, the cumulative incidence of hypertension was 10.9% (n = 580). SUA was an independent risk factor for hypertension, and the RRs (95% CI) for subjects with baseline SUA levels in quartile 2, quartile 3 and quartile 4 were 1.20 (0.88-1.63), 1.50 (1.10-2.05), and 1.57 (1.11-2.22) compared to those in quartile 1, respectively. The cross-lagged panel analysis showed that the increases in Cr, TG, LDL, ALT, AST and WBC occurred after SUA increased (P < 0.001). Among these factors, TG, WBC and ALT played an intermediary role in both men (TG: 14.76%; WBC: 11.61%; ALT: 15.93%) and women (TG: 14.55%; WBC: 8.55%; ALT: 6.89%). The elevated SUA concentration was an independent risk factor for hypertension in the Chinese population, and TG, WBC and ALT had important mediating effects on the association between SUA and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Kun Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ke Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Chu
- Health Management Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, China.
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7
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Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wu S, Ma D, Ma J. DNA methylation profile of lip tissue from congenital nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate patients by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. Birth Defects Res 2023; 115:205-217. [PMID: 36210532 PMCID: PMC10092010 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Congenital nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) is one of the most common malformations worldwide. DNA methylation has been implicated in many diseases. However, its involvement in lip tissue from NSCLP is not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the role of dysregulated DNA methylation in NSCLP. DNA methylation profile was determined in eight injured and five self-normal lip tissue samples from children with NSCLP by whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. A total of 2,711 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), corresponding to 1,231 genes were identified. Given the important role of promoter methylation in regulating gene expression, the promoter DMR-related genes were considered. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that some of them showed potential associations with NSCLP. Therefore, the well-known NSCLP susceptibility gene, GLI family zinc finger 2 (GLI2) with an unknown role in its DNA methylation in NSCLP, was selected for further analysis. The promoter hypomethylation and higher mRNA expression level of GLI2 were observed in injured lip tissues by verification in additional samples. Moreover, dual luciferase reporter assay indicated that promoter hypermethylation of GLI2 inhibited its transcription. Overall, this study suggested that abnormal DNA methylation in lip tissue may be correlated with the pathogenesis of congenital NSCLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhang
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youmeng Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Stomatology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Wu
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital, ENT Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Elkin ER, Higgins C, Aung MT, Bakulski KM. Metals Exposures and DNA Methylation: Current Evidence and Future Directions. Curr Environ Health Rep 2022; 9:673-696. [PMID: 36282474 PMCID: PMC10082670 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-022-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Exposure to essential and non-essential metals is widespread. Metals exposure is linked to epigenetic, particularly DNA methylation, differences. The strength of evidence with respect to the metal exposure type, timing, and level, as well as the DNA methylation association magnitude, and reproducibility are not clear. Focusing on the most recent 3 years, we reviewed the human epidemiologic evidence (n = 26 studies) and the toxicologic animal model evidence (n = 18 studies) for associations between metals exposure and DNA methylation. RECENT FINDINGS In humans, the greatest number of studies focused on lead exposure, followed by studies examining cadmium and arsenic. Approximately half of studies considered metals exposure during the in utero period and measured DNA methylation with the genome-wide Illumina arrays in newborn blood or placenta. Few studies performed formal replication testing or meta-analyses. Toxicology studies of metals and epigenetics had diversity in model systems (mice, rats, drosophila, tilapia, and zebrafish were represented), high heterogeneity of tissues used for DNA methylation measure (liver, testis, ovary, heart, blood, brain, muscle, lung, kidney, whole embryo), and a variety of technologies used for DNA methylation assessment (global, gene specific, genome-wide). The most common metals tested in toxicologic studies were lead and cadmium. Together, the recent studies reviewed provide the strongest evidence for DNA methylation signatures with prenatal metals exposures. There is also mounting epidemiologic evidence supporting lead, arsenic, and cadmium exposures with DNA methylation signatures in adults. The field of metals and DNA methylation is strengthened by the inclusion of both epidemiology and toxicology approaches, and further advancements can be made by coordinating efforts or integrating analyses across studies. Future advances in understanding the molecular basis of sequence specific epigenetic responses to metals exposures, methods for handling exposure mixtures in a genome-wide analytic framework, and pipelines to facilitate collaborative testing will continue to advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elana R Elkin
- Department of Environmental Health School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cesar Higgins
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Max T Aung
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Takeuchi M, Yoshida S, Kawakami C, Kawakami K, Ito S. Association of maternal heavy metal exposure during pregnancy with isolated cleft lip and palate in offspring: Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS) cohort study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265648. [PMID: 35324965 PMCID: PMC8947080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cleft lip and palate (cleft L/P) is one of the most common congenital anomalies and its etiology is assumed to be multifactorial. Recent epidemiological data involving a small number of participants suggested an association between perinatal exposure to heavy metals and cleft L/P in affected children. However, this association requires further investigation in a large cohort. Methods This nested case–control study used a dataset of The Japan Environment and Children’s Study, which is an ongoing research project to investigate the association between environmental factors and mother-child health. Participants were enrolled between 2011 and 2014. From the records of fetuses/children, we extracted data of isolated cleft L/P cases and matched children without cleft L/P at a ratio of 1:10. The exposures of interest were in utero exposure to four metals (mercury [Hg], lead [Pb], cadmium [Cd], and manganese [Mn]), which were sampled from mothers in the second/third trimester. Conditional logistic regression was used to assess the association between heavy metal exposure and isolated cleft L/P. Three sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the findings, including the change in case definition and statistical methods. Results Of 104,062 fetal records involving both live-birth and stillbirth, we identified 192 children with isolated cleft L/P and 1,920 matched controls. Overall, the blood metal levels were low (for example, median Pb level was 5.85, 6.22, and 5.75 μg/L in the total cohort, cases, and controls, respectively). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that levels of none of the four heavy metals in the mother’s blood during pregnancy were associated with the risk of cleft L/P in offspring; the adjusted odds ratios (per 1 μg/L increase) with 95% intervals were 0.96 (0.91–1.03), 1.01 (0.94–1.08), 1.00 (0.61–1.63) and 1.00 (0.97–1.03) for Hg, Pb, Cd and Mn, respectively. The results were consistent in all sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Exposure to these four metals during pregnancy was not associated with isolated cleft L/P at the low exposure level in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Takeuchi
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Satomi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kawakami
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Kawakami
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ito
- Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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10
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Tasin FR, Ahmed A, Halder D, Mandal C. On-going consequences of in utero exposure of Pb: An epigenetic perspective. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1553-1569. [PMID: 35023172 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications by toxic heavy metals are one of the intensively investigated fields of modern genomic research. Among a diverse group of heavy metals, lead (Pb) is an extensively distributed toxicant causing an immense number of abnormalities in the developing fetus via a wide variety of epigenetic changes. As a divalent cation, Pb can readily cross the placental membrane and the fetal blood brain barrier leading to far-reaching alterations in DNA methylation patterns, histone protein modifications and micro-RNA expression. Over recent years, several human cohorts and animal model studies have documented hyper- and hypo-methylation of developmental genes along with altered DNA methyl-transferase expression by in utero Pb exposure in a dose-, duration- and sex-dependent manner. Modifications in the expression of specific histone acetyltransferase enzymes along with histone acetylation and methylation levels have been reported in rodent and murine models. Apart from these, down-regulation and up-regulation of certain microRNAs crucial for fetal development have been shown to be associated with in utero Pb exposure in human placenta samples. All these modifications in the developing fetus during the prenatal and perinatal stages reportedly caused severe abnormalities in early or adult age, such as - impaired growth, obesity, autism, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, risks of cancer development and Alzheimer's disease. In this review, currently available information on Pb-mediated alterations in the fetal epigenome is summarized. Further research on Pb-induced epigenome modification will help to understand the mechanisms in detail and will enable us to formulate safety guidelines for pregnant women and developing children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahim Rejanur Tasin
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Asif Ahmed
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Debasish Halder
- Rare Disease research center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanchal Mandal
- Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
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Yoshioka H, Li A, Suzuki A, Ramakrishnan SS, Zhao Z, Iwata J. Identification of microRNAs and gene regulatory networks in cleft lip common in humans and mice. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:1881-1893. [PMID: 34104955 PMCID: PMC8444451 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of cleft lip with/without cleft palate (CL/P), one of the most frequent craniofacial birth defects worldwide, is complicated by contributions of both genetic and environmental factors. Understanding the etiology of these conditions is essential for developing preventive strategies. This study thus aims to identify regulatory networks of microRNAs (miRNAs), transcriptional factors (TFs) and non-TF genes associated with cleft lip (CL) that are conserved in humans and mice. Notably, we found that miR-27b, miR-133b, miR-205, miR-376b and miR-376c were involved in the regulation of CL-associated gene expression in both humans and mice. Among the candidate miRNAs, the overexpression of miR-27b, miR-133b and miR-205, but not miR-376b and miR-376c, significantly inhibited cell proliferation through suppression of CL-associated genes (miR-27b suppressed PAX9 and RARA; miR-133b suppressed FGFR1, PAX7, and SUMO1; and miR-205 suppressed PAX9 and RARA) in cultured human and mouse lip mesenchymal cells. Taken together, our results suggest that elevated expression of miR-27b, miR-133b and miR-205 may play a crucial role in CL through the suppression of genes associated with CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yoshioka
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Aimin Li
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Akiko Suzuki
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Sai Shankar Ramakrishnan
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junichi Iwata
- Department of Diagnostic & Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Center for Craniofacial Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
- MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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12
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Liu J, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Wang L, Jin L, Greene NDE, Li Z, Ren A. Orofacial Clefts in High Prevalence Area of Birth Defects - Five Counties, Shanxi Province, China, 2000-2020. China CDC Wkly 2021; 3:773-777. [PMID: 34594988 PMCID: PMC8441179 DOI: 10.46234/ccdcw2021.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPIC? The prevalence of structural birth defects, especially neural tube defects, decreased after national folic acid (FA) supplementation initiation. WHAT IS ADDED BY THIS REPORT? The prevalence of orofacial clefts (OFCs) in five counties of Shanxi Province in northern China, including most subtypes except cleft palate, showed a downward trend in the past two decades. In this study, pre-perinatal prevalence increased due to earlier detection. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE? Periconceptional supplementation with FA may contribute to the decline in OFCs prevalence, while the effect on the OFCs subtype needs further investigation. Continuing to advocate for earlier supplementation (3 months before conception) and increased supplementation frequency (daily consumption) could promote further reduction in the prevalence of OFCs. Specific surveillance of this effect in the era of universal three-child policy is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jufen Liu
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zhiwen Li
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiguo Ren
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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13
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Fujii R, Sato S, Tsuboi Y, Cardenas A, Suzuki K. DNA methylation as a mediator of associations between the environment and chronic diseases: A scoping review on application of mediation analysis. Epigenetics 2021; 17:759-785. [PMID: 34384035 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1959736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation (DNAm) is one of the most studied epigenetic modifications. DNAm has emerged as a key biological mechanism and biomarkers to test associations between environmental exposure and outcomes in epidemiological studies. Although previous studies have focused on associations between DNAm and either exposure/outcomes, it is useful to test for mediation of the association between exposure and outcome by DNAm. The purpose of this scoping review is to introduce the methodological essence of statistical mediation analysis and to examine emerging epidemiological research applying mediation analyses. We conducted this scoping review for published peer-reviewed journals on this topic using online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and CINAHL) ending in December 2020. We extracted a total of 219 articles by initial screening. After reviewing titles, abstracts, and full texts, a total of 69 articles were eligible for this review. The breakdown of studies assigned to each category was 13 for smoking (18.8%), 8 for dietary intake and famine (11.6%), 6 for other lifestyle factors (8.7%), 8 for clinical endpoints (11.6%), 22 for environmental chemical exposures (31.9%), 2 for socioeconomic status (SES) (2.9%), and 10 for genetic factors and race (14.5%). In this review, we provide an exposure-wide summary for the mediation analysis using DNAm levels. However, we found heterogenous methods and interpretations in mediation analysis with typical issues such as different cell compositions and tissue-specificity. Further accumulation of evidence with diverse exposures, populations and with rigorous methodology will be expected to provide further insight in the role of DNAm in disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Sato
- Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Center for Computational Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, US
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Medical Sciences, Toyoake, Japan
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14
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Rygiel CA, Dolinoy DC, Bakulski KM, Aung MT, Perng W, Jones TR, Solano-González M, Hu H, Tellez-Rojo MM, Schnaas L, Marcela E, Peterson KE, Goodrich JM. DNA methylation at birth potentially mediates the association between prenatal lead (Pb) exposure and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2021; 7:dvab005. [PMID: 34141453 PMCID: PMC8206046 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Early-life lead (Pb) exposure has been linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Recent evidence has indicated a critical role of DNA methylation (DNAm) in cognition, and Pb exposure has also been shown to alter DNAm. However, it is unknown whether DNAm is part of the mechanism of Pb neurotoxicity. This longitudinal study investigated the associations between trimester-specific (T1, T2, and T3) maternal blood Pb concentrations, gene-specific DNAm in umbilical cord blood, and infant neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 24 months of age (mental development index, psychomotor development index, and behavioral rating scale of orientation/engagement and emotional regulation) among 85 mother-infant pairs from the Early Life Exposure in Mexico to Environmental Toxicants (ELEMENT) study. In the mediation analysis for this pilot study, P < 0.1 was considered significant. DNAm at a locus in CCSER1 (probe ID cg02901723) mediated the association between T2 Pb on 24-month orientation/engagement [indirect effect estimate 4.44, 95% confidence interval (-0.09, 10.68), P = 0.06] and emotional regulation [3.62 (-0.05, 8.69), P = 0.05]. Cg18515027 (GCNT1) DNAm mediated the association of T1 Pb [-4.94 (-10.6, -0.77), P = 0.01] and T2 Pb [-3.52 (-8.09, -0.36), P = 0.02] with 24-month EMOCI, but there was a positive indirect effect estimate between T2 Pb and 24-month psychomotor development index [1.25 (-0.11, 3.32), P = 0.09]. The indirect effect was significant for cg19703494 (TRAPPC6A) DNAm in the association between T2 Pb and 24-month mental development index [1.54 (0, 3.87), P = 0.05]. There was also an indirect effect of cg23280166 (VPS11) DNAm on T3 Pb and 24-month EMOCI [2.43 (-0.16, 6.38), P = 0.08]. These associations provide preliminary evidence for gene-specific DNAm as mediators between prenatal Pb and adverse cognitive outcomes in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Rygiel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dana C Dolinoy
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Max T Aung
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, University of California, 490 Illinois Street, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Wei Perng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and the Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Center, 12474 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Tamara R Jones
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Maritsa Solano-González
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Howard Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto St., Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Martha M Tellez-Rojo
- Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Lourdes Schnaas
- National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Calle Montes Urales 800, Lomas - Virreyes, Lomas de Chapultepec IV Secc, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000 Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Erika Marcela
- National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, Calle Montes Urales 800, Lomas - Virreyes, Lomas de Chapultepec IV Secc, Miguel Hidalgo, 11000 Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
| | - Karen E Peterson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Jaclyn M Goodrich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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