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Perlstein S, Hawes SW, Byrd AL, Barzilay R, Gur RE, Laird AR, Waller R. Unique versus shared neural correlates of externalizing psychopathology in late childhood. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND CLINICAL SCIENCE 2024; 133:477-488. [PMID: 38869879 PMCID: PMC11293992 DOI: 10.1037/abn0000923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Childhood externalizing psychopathology is heterogeneous. Symptom variability in conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and callous-unemotional (CU) traits designate different subgroups of children with externalizing problems who have specific treatment needs. However, CD, ODD, ADHD, and CU traits are highly comorbid. Studies need to generate insights into shared versus unique risk mechanisms, including through the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this study, we tested whether symptoms of CD, ODD, ADHD, and CU traits were best represented within a bifactor framework, simultaneously modeling shared (i.e., general externalizing problems) and unique (i.e., symptom-specific) variance, or through a four-correlated factor or second-order factor model. Participants (N = 11,878, age, M = 9 years) were from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study. We used questionnaire and functional magnetic resonance imaging data (emotional N-back task) from the baseline assessment. A bifactor model specifying a general externalizing and specific CD, ODD, ADHD, and CU traits factors demonstrated the best fit. The four-correlated and second-order factor models both fit the data well and were retained for analyses. Across models, reduced right amygdala activity to fearful faces was associated with more general externalizing problems and reduced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity to fearful faces was associated with higher CU traits. ADHD scores were related to greater right nucleus accumbens activation to fearful and happy faces. Results give insights into risk mechanisms underlying comorbidity and heterogeneity within externalizing psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samuel W. Hawes
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Amy L. Byrd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Psychiatry and the Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP-Penn Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA
| | - Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry and the Lifespan Brain Institute of CHOP-Penn Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA
| | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL
| | - Rebecca Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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Zhu J, Shu X, Li Z, Li Y. Callous-unemotional behaviors and conduct problems in Chinese preschoolers: the moderating roles of surgency and gender. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1328345. [PMID: 38800676 PMCID: PMC11119318 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1328345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Conduct problems in children are related to callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors. However, results of the relationships between CU behaviors and conduct problems among preschoolers mainly focused on Western countries, no studies have examined whether CU behaviors predict conduct problem in Chinese preschoolers. The primary objective of the current study therefore was to examine the associations between CU behaviors and conduct problems as well as the moderating effects of surgency and child gender in Chinese preschool children. Methods The present study randomly selected 2,154 children (1,043 boys, Mage = 56 months, SD = 10.47) from six kindergartens in Shanghai, People's Republic of China. Mothers rated children's surgency and teachers reported children's CU behaviors and conduct problems. Results Results demonstrated that CU behaviors were positively associated with conduct problems. Surgency and child gender significantly moderated these associations. Specifically, CU behaviors were positively associated with conduct problems, with a stronger effect found for high levels of surgency. CU behaviors had a positive association with conduct problems, with a stronger effect found for boys. Discussion This study indicate that temperament and gender characteristics influence conduct problems in preschoolers who exhibit high levels of CU behaviors. As well, the findings emphasize the significance of considering the meaning and implication of CU behaviors in Chinese culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhu
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Shu
- Jingan District Anqing Shanghai Kindergarten, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuyi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Early Childhood Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
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Díaz-Vázquez B, López-Romero L, Romero E. Emotion Recognition Deficits in Children and Adolescents with Psychopathic Traits: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2024; 27:165-219. [PMID: 38240937 PMCID: PMC10920463 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-023-00466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Children and adolescents with psychopathic traits show deficits in emotion recognition, but there is no consensus as to the extent of their generalizability or about the variables that may be moderating the process. The present Systematic Review brings together the existing scientific corpus on the subject and attempts to answer these questions through an exhaustive review of the existing literature according to PRISMA 2020 statement. Results confirmed the existence of pervasive deficits in emotion recognition and, more specifically, on distress emotions (e.g., fear), a deficit that transcends all modalities of emotion presentation and all emotional stimuli used. Moreover, they supported the key role of attention to relevant areas that provide emotional cues (e.g., eye-region) and point out differences according to the presence of disruptive behavior and based on the psychopathy dimension examined. This evidence could advance the current knowledge on developmental models of psychopathic traits. Yet, homogenization of the conditions of research in this area should be prioritized to be able to draw more robust and generalizable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Díaz-Vázquez
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Laura López-Romero
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Estrella Romero
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Facultade de Psicoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Vida, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Lynch SF, Perlstein S, Ordway C, Jones C, Lembcke H, Waller R, Wagner NJ. Parasympathetic Nervous System Functioning Moderates the Associations between Callous-Unemotional Traits and Emotion Understanding Difficulties in Late Childhood. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:184. [PMID: 38397296 PMCID: PMC10887086 DOI: 10.3390/children11020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Callous-unemotional (CU) traits are characterized by low empathy, guilt, and prosociality, putting children at risk for lifespan antisocial behavior. Elevated CU traits have been linked separately to difficulties with emotion understanding (i.e., identifying emotional states of others) and disrupted parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) functioning. However, no study has investigated how PNS functioning and emotion understanding are jointly related to CU traits. METHOD We explored associations between CU traits, emotion understanding, and PNS functioning (indexed via respiratory sinus arrhythmia [RSA]) among children aged 7-10 years old (n = 55). We also tested whether deficits in emotion understanding differ across specific emotions (i.e., fear, pain, happiness, anger). Each child's RSA was continuously recorded while they watched a film that included emotionally evocative social interactions. To assess emotion understanding, children identified emotions replayed in 1s animations of scenes from the film. Parents reported on child CU traits, conduct problems, and demographic information. RESULTS Higher CU traits were related to lower emotion understanding (β = -0.43, p = 0.03). PNS activity during the film moderated this association (β = -0.47, p < 0.001), such that CU traits were associated with lower emotion understanding among children with mean (B = -0.01, t = -2.46, p = 0.02) or high (i.e., 1 SD > M; B = -0.02, t = -3.00, p < 0.001) RSA levels during the film, but not among children with low RSA levels (i.e., 1 SD < M; B = 0.00, t = -0.53, p = 0.60). Moreover, we found that the observed moderated associations are driven by deficits in fear, specifically. CONCLUSIONS The link between poorer emotion understanding, fear understanding in particular, and CU traits was attenuated for children who demonstrated patterns of PNS functioning consistent with attentional engagement while viewing the emotion stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah F. Lynch
- Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.F.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Samantha Perlstein
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (S.P.); (C.J.)
| | - Cora Ordway
- Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.F.L.); (C.O.)
| | - Callie Jones
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (S.P.); (C.J.)
| | - Hanna Lembcke
- Department of General Psychology, University of Hagen, 58097 Hagen, Germany;
| | - Rebecca Waller
- Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (S.P.); (C.J.)
| | - Nicholas J. Wagner
- Developmental Sciences, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA; (S.F.L.); (C.O.)
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Pauli R, Kohls G, Tino P, Rogers JC, Baumann S, Ackermann K, Bernhard A, Martinelli A, Jansen L, Oldenhof H, Gonzalez-Madruga K, Smaragdi A, Gonzalez-Torres MA, Kerexeta-Lizeaga I, Boonmann C, Kersten L, Bigorra A, Hervas A, Stadler C, Fernandez-Rivas A, Popma A, Konrad K, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Fairchild G, Freitag CM, Rotshtein P, De Brito SA. Machine learning classification of conduct disorder with high versus low levels of callous-unemotional traits based on facial emotion recognition abilities. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:589-600. [PMID: 34661765 PMCID: PMC10115711 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01893-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Conduct disorder (CD) with high levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/HCU) has been theoretically linked to specific difficulties with fear and sadness recognition, in contrast to CD with low levels of callous-unemotional traits (CD/LCU). However, experimental evidence for this distinction is mixed, and it is unclear whether these difficulties are a reliable marker of CD/HCU compared to CD/LCU. In a large sample (N = 1263, 9-18 years), we combined univariate analyses and machine learning classifiers to investigate whether CD/HCU is associated with disproportionate difficulties with fear and sadness recognition over other emotions, and whether such difficulties are a reliable individual-level marker of CD/HCU. We observed similar emotion recognition abilities in CD/HCU and CD/LCU. The CD/HCU group underperformed relative to typically developing (TD) youths, but difficulties were not specific to fear or sadness. Classifiers did not distinguish between youths with CD/HCU versus CD/LCU (52% accuracy), although youths with CD/HCU and CD/LCU were reliably distinguished from TD youths (64% and 60%, respectively). In the subset of classifiers that performed well for youths with CD/HCU, fear and sadness were the most relevant emotions for distinguishing them from youths with CD/LCU and TD youths, respectively. We conclude that non-specific emotion recognition difficulties are common in CD/HCU, but are not reliable individual-level markers of CD/HCU versus CD/LCU. These findings highlight that a reduced ability to recognise facial expressions of distress should not be assumed to be a core feature of CD/HCU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Pauli
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Gregor Kohls
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Tino
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jack C Rogers
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute for Mental Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah Baumann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katharina Ackermann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Faculty of Education, Hamburg University, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anka Bernhard
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anne Martinelli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lucres Jansen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Helena Oldenhof
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karen Gonzalez-Madruga
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Cyril Boonmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Linda Kersten
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Amaia Hervas
- University Hospital Mutua Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christina Stadler
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Psychiatric Hospitals, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Arne Popma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kerstin Konrad
- Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- JARA-Brain Institute II, Molecular Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, RWTH Aachen and Research Centre Juelich, Juelich, Germany
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Christine M Freitag
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Goethe University, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pia Rotshtein
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Stephane A De Brito
- Centre for Human Brain Health, School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
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Powell T, Plate RC, Miron CD, Wagner NJ, Waller R. Callous-unemotional Traits and Emotion Recognition Difficulties: Do Stimulus Characteristics Play a role? Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01510-3. [PMID: 36811753 PMCID: PMC11229013 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Emotion recognition difficulties are linked to callous-unemotional (CU) traits, which predict risk for severe antisocial behavior. However, few studies have investigated how stimulus characteristics influence emotion recognition performance, which could give insight into the mechanisms underpinning CU traits. To address this knowledge gap, children aged 7-10 years old (N = 45; 53% female, 47% male; 46.3% Black/African-American, 25.9% White, 16.7% Mixed race or Other, 9.3% Asian) completed an emotion recognition task featuring static facial stimuli from child and adult models and facial and full-body dynamic stimuli from adult models. Parents reported on CU traits of children in the sample. Children showed better emotion recognition for dynamic than static faces. Higher CU traits were associated with worse emotion recognition, particularly for sad and neutral expressions. Stimulus characteristics did not impact associations between CU traits and emotion recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tralucia Powell
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rista C Plate
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Stephen A. Levin Building, 425 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Carly D Miron
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Stephen A. Levin Building, 425 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas J Wagner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Rebecca Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Stephen A. Levin Building, 425 South University Avenue, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Northam JC, Kurukulasuriya N, Hunt C, Hawes DJ. Moral reasoning, emotion understanding, and callous-unemotional traits in early-to-middle childhood. BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 40:306-319. [PMID: 34939686 DOI: 10.1111/bjdp.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Relatively little is known about features of moral reasoning among young children with callous-unemotional (CU) traits (e.g., lack of guilt and empathy). This study tested associations between CU traits and emotion attributions (i.e., identification of others' emotional states) and justifications (i.e., explanations for those emotional states), across social scenarios involving discreet versus salient distress cues. The participants were boys aged 6-to-10 years (N = 50; Mage = 7 years 7 months), who were interviewed about 12 hypothetical scenarios (eight with discreet and four with salient distress cues). Regression models indicated that CU traits, in interaction with high levels of antisocial behaviour, were associated with reduced emotion attributions of fear in discreet but not salient immoral scenarios. Higher CU traits were also associated with reduced justifications referencing others' welfare in discreet scenarios, and increased references to action-orientated justifications in salient scenarios. These findings suggest that CU traits are associated with early moral reasoning impairments and that salience of distress may be important to these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie C Northam
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Caroline Hunt
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David J Hawes
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Rehder PD, Mills-Koonce WR, Wagner NJ, Zvara BJ, Willoughby MT. Attachment quality assessed from children's family drawings links to child conduct problems and callous-unemotional behaviors. Attach Hum Dev 2021; 23:239-256. [PMID: 31948359 PMCID: PMC7363511 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2020.1714676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, there has been considerable research on the origins of childhood conduct problems (CP) and callous-unemotional (CU) behaviors. This study examined associations between children's attachment representations and CP and CU behaviors during middle childhood. METHOD At 1st grade, 1,292 children (57% European American, 42.5% African American, 0.5% other race; 50.9% girls) completed a drawing of their family, which was coded by trained raters to assess attachment representations. Primary caregivers reported on children's CP and CU behaviors. RESULTS Children with disorganized representations showed more CP and CU behaviors than children with secure and resistant representations. They were also more likely than those with secure representations to show elevated CP without CU behaviors, CU behaviors only, and co-occurring CP and CU behaviors. CONCLUSION These findings provide support for attachment disorganization as a correlate of CP and CU behaviors and suggest that attachment representations are likely important proximal influences on children's behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter D. Rehder
- The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, NC 27402-6170, United States
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Leveraging parasympathetic nervous system activity to study risk for psychopathology: The special case of callous-unemotional traits. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 118:175-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Cooper S, Hobson CW, van Goozen SH. Facial emotion recognition in children with externalising behaviours: A systematic review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2020; 25:1068-1085. [PMID: 32713184 DOI: 10.1177/1359104520945390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Difficulties in facial emotion recognition (FER) are associated with a range of mental health and antisocial presentations in adolescents and adults. Externalising behaviours in children are often one of the earliest signs of risk for the development of such difficulties. This article systematically reviews the evidence (from both group and correlational studies) for whether there is a relationship between FER and externalising behaviours in pre-adolescent children (aged 12 and under), both across and within externalising behaviour domains (hyperactivity, conduct problems, callous-unemotional traits, and aggression). Four electronic databases were searched producing 1,296 articles. Articles were included if they used validated measures of FER and externalising behaviours. Sixteen articles met criteria for inclusion in the review. Overall, the results suggested FER problems are present in ADHD, CP and callous-unemotional presentations, and in samples of children with higher levels of externalising problems rather than in community samples. However, there was no consistent evidence for specific emotions being implicated in the studies reviewed. Clinically, the findings suggest that FER difficulties are commonly associated with externalising behaviours, and hence this review offers some support that FER deficits could be a relevant target of intervention for externalising behaviours. However, more longitudinal studies are required, that control for other variables that might underlie FER difficulties (e.g. IQ or basic Theory of Mind abilities), to inform our knowledge of whether FER difficulties are a causal factor in externalising behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Cooper
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Roslyne Wilkinson H, Jones Bartoli A. Antisocial behaviour and teacher-student relationship quality: The role of emotion-related abilities and callous-unemotional traits. BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 91:482-499. [PMID: 32777094 DOI: 10.1111/bjep.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood antisocial behaviour has been associated with poorer teacher-student relationship (TSR) quality. It is also well-established that youth with antisocial behaviour have a range of emotion-related deficits, yet the impact of these students' emotion-related abilities on the TSR is not understood. Furthermore, the addition of the Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) indicates that understanding the role of callous-unemotional (CU) traits for youth with antisocial behaviour problems is of particular importance. AIMS The aim of this study was to investigate the association between antisocial behaviour difficulties and the TSR by examining the influence of emotion-related abilities and CU traits. SAMPLE Twelve teachers from 10 primary schools provided anonymized information on 108 children aged 6-11 years. RESULTS Antisocial behaviour was associated with higher teacher-student conflict (but not closeness) as well as higher emotion lability/negativity and lower emotion understanding/empathy. Emotion lability/negativity was associated with higher teacher-student conflict (but not closeness), and emotion understanding/empathy was associated with lower teacher-student conflict and higher closeness. CU traits were associated with higher teacher-student conflict and lower teacher-student closeness (controlling for antisocial behaviour more broadly). We found no evidence of a moderating effect of CU traits or emotion-related abilities on the association between antisocial behaviour and TSR quality. CONCLUSIONS Interventions for behaviour difficulties should consider teacher-student relationships in the classroom. Strategies which aim to improve teacher-student closeness as well as reduce teacher-student conflict may be of particular value to students with high CU traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Roslyne Wilkinson
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck College, University of London, UK
| | - Alice Jones Bartoli
- Unit for School and Family Studies, Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK
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Wagner NJ, Bowker JC, Rubin KH. Associations Between Callous-Unemotional Traits and Peer-Rated Social-Behavioral Outcomes in Elementary and Middle School. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:757-769. [PMID: 32185609 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-020-00636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is strong evidence that peers are of central importance to children's and adolescents' social and emotional adaptation and success in school. However, it remains an open question as to whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits, or interpersonal and affective deficits that pose risk for antisocial behaviors and psychopathy, are related to social-behavioral outcomes as assessed by those who are believed to have the most accurate perspectives on such outcomes - young adolescents' peers. Using data from a longitudinal and multi-method study of peer relations (N = 379, % female = 51.90, Mage = 10.24 at Time 1), the current study addressed this gap by examining the links between teacher-reports of CU traits and conduct problems (CP) and peer-reports of the extent to which young adolescents are aggressive, victimized, excluded, prosocial, and sociable during the Fall and Spring semesters in Grade 5 (Times 1and 2) and Grade 6 (Times 3 and 4). Results revealed that teacher-rated CP, but not CU traits, was associated positively with peer-reports of aggression. CU traits, but not CP, was associated positively with victimization/exclusion and associated negatively with prosociality. CU traits and CP demonstrated opposite relations with sociability, with CU traits demonstrating a negative association. Findings are discussed in the context of the broader literature examining the social-behavioral correlates of CU traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Wagner
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, 64 Cummington Mall, Room 119, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Julie C Bowker
- Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY, 14260-4110, USA
| | - Kenneth H Rubin
- Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, Benjamin Building, RM 1108B, 3942 Campus Dr., College Park, MD, 20742, USA
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Stewart E, Catroppa C, Gonzalez L, Gill D, Webster R, Lawson J, Sabaz M, Mandalis A, Barton B, McLean S, Lah S. Facial emotion perception and social competence in children (8 to 16 years old) with genetic generalized epilepsy and temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2019; 100:106301. [PMID: 31133510 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Facial emotion perception (FEP) impairments are common in adults with epilepsy and associated with impaired psychosocial functioning. Research into the presence of FEP deficits in children with epilepsy and the functional implications of these deficits is limited. The primary aims of this study were to assess FEP abilities in children (8 to 16 years old) with genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) and temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and examine whether FEP is related to everyday social functioning. Forty-four children (8 to 16 years) with epilepsy (22 GGE, 22 TLE) and 22 typically developing controls completed the Pictures of Facial Affect (POFA) battery to assess FEP and a brief test of intellectual functioning (intelligence quotient [IQ]). Parents completed questionnaires assessing social competence of their child. Neurologists completed the Global Assessment of Severity of Epilepsy (GASE) scale as a measure of overall epilepsy severity. Demographic and clinical information was obtained from medical records and clinical interviews with parents. Findings revealed significant, overall FEP impairments and reduced social competence in children with GGE and TLE compared to controls. The magnitude of FEP impairment (i.e., across all emotions) was comparable in the two epilepsy groups, yet different emotions were impaired in each group: children with GGE were impaired in recognizing anger and disgust, whereas children with TLE were impaired in sadness and disgust, compared to controls. Contrary to expectations, total FEP accuracy was not significantly correlated with social competence in either epilepsy group. In conclusion, children with GGE and TLE have significant impairments recognizing emotional expressions on faces. Further research is needed to examine whether underlying FEP impairments relate to social and emotional functioning in children with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Stewart
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, 94 - 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cathy Catroppa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Linda Gonzalez
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Deepak Gill
- T.Y Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Webster
- T.Y Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Lawson
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mark Sabaz
- Department of Psychology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Mandalis
- Department of Psychology, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belinda Barton
- Children's Hospital Education Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Samantha McLean
- T.Y Nelson Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Corner Hawkesbury Road and Hainsworth Street, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suncica Lah
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, 94 - 100 Mallett Street, Camperdown, Sydney, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Sydney, Australia.
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14
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Billeci L, Muratori P, Calderoni S, Chericoni N, Levantini V, Milone A, Nocentini A, Papini M, Ruglioni L, Dadds M. Emotional processing deficits in Italian children with Disruptive Behavior Disorder: The role of callous unemotional traits. Behav Res Ther 2019; 113:32-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Preservice teachers’ racialized emotion recognition, anger bias, and hostility attributions. CONTEMPORARY EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cedpsych.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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