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Dahab AA, Bayomy HM, El-Salam HSA, Almasoudi SE, Ozaybi NA, Mahmoud GA, Atteya AKG, El-Serafy RS. Seed Disinfection Treatments Minimized Microbial Load and Enhanced Nutritional Properties of Fenugreek Sprouts Which Alleviated Diabetes-Negative Disorders in Diabetic Rats. Nutrients 2024; 16:2635. [PMID: 39203772 PMCID: PMC11357563 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Sprouts are an attractive food product that contains high amounts of nutritional substances and has pro-health features. Sprout consumption has strongly increased despite its potential risk to health due to its microbial load. Both the safety and shelf life of sprouts may be negatively affected by a high microbial load. To reduce the microbial contamination in sprouts before consumption, the initial microbial load on the seeds needs to be controlled. Many herbal sprouts have been recommended for diabetes, and fenugreek is one of these sprouts. Thus, the current experiment aimed at disinfecting fenugreek seeds using microwave (5, 10, and 20 s) and hot water (30, 45, and 60 s) treatments for different durations. The best-disinfected sprouts with the highest nutritional properties were used to evaluate their influence on streptozocin-induced diabetic rats in comparison with fenugreek seed feeding. Microwave treatments showed the highest sprout length, fresh weight, total free amino acids, antioxidants, reducing sugars, and total phenols. Additionally, microwave seed treatments showed the lowest bacteria and mold counts on sprouts produced relative to hot water treatments, and the best seed treatment was a microwave for 20 s, which gave the best values in this respect. Feeding diabetic rats with different fenugreek seeds or sprout rates (0, 5, 7.5, and 10% w/w) improved body weight, restricted the growth of glucose levels, lowered total cholesterol and triglycerides, and improved HDL compared with the positive control group, and fenugreek sprouts at higher rates showed the maximum improvements in blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Treating fenugreek seed with microwave radiation for 20 s to disinfect the seeds before sprouting is recommended for lowering the microbial load with optimum nutritional and antioxidant activity, and feeding diabetic rats with these sprouts at the rate of 7.5 and 10% had promising effects on hyperglycemia and associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A. Dahab
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Hala M. Bayomy
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.B.); (S.E.A.); (N.A.O.)
| | - Hemat S. Abd El-Salam
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Seham E. Almasoudi
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.B.); (S.E.A.); (N.A.O.)
| | - Nawal A. Ozaybi
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.B.); (S.E.A.); (N.A.O.)
| | - Gehan A. Mahmoud
- Fruit Crops Handling Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Amira K. G. Atteya
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt;
| | - Rasha S. El-Serafy
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
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Rashed MS, Pojić M, McDonagh C, Gallagher E, Frias JM, Pathania S. Structure-function relationship of oat flour fractions when blended with wheat flour: Instrumental and nutritional quality characterization of resulting breads. J Food Sci 2024; 89:3347-3368. [PMID: 38745379 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.17089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The present work investigated the structure-function relationship of dry fractionated oat flour (DFOF) as a techno-functional ingredient using bread as a model system. Mechanically, DFOF fractions (F), that is, F1: <224 µm, F2: 250-280 µm, F3: 280-500 µm, F4: 500-600 µm, and whole oat flour (F5) were blended with white wheat flour at 10%, 30%, and 50% substitution levels for bread making. The blended flours, doughs, and bread samples were assessed for their techno-functional, nutritional, and structural characteristics. The results of Mixolab and the Rapid Visco Analyzer show that the 50% substituted F3 fraction exhibits the highest water absorption properties (69.53%), whereas the 50% F1 fraction exhibits the highest peak viscosity of the past slurry. Analysis of bread samples revealed a lower particle size of DFOF fractions and higher supplementation levels, increased β-glucan levels (0.13-1.29 g/100 bread (db), reduced fermentable monosaccharides, that is, glucose (1.44-0.33 g/100 g), and fructose (1.06-0.28 g/100 g). The effect of particle size surpassed the substitution level effect on bread volume reduction. The lowest hardness value for F1 is 10%, and the highest value for F2 is 50%. The total number of cells in the bread slice decreased from the control to the F4 fraction (50%). Multi-criteria analysis indicated that DFOF fractions produced breads with similar structure and higher nutritional value developed from white wheat flour. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: The use of mechanically fractionated oat flours fractions in white wheat flour breads can improve the nutritional profile without affecting the physical properties of the bread product. Based on the oat flour fractions, bakers and food processing companies can tailor the bread formulations for high β-glucan, high fiber, and low reduced sugar claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Said Rashed
- Food Industry Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ashtown, Ireland
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Milica Pojić
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Ciara McDonagh
- Food Industry Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ashtown, Ireland
| | - Eimear Gallagher
- Food Quality and Sensory Science Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ashtown, Ireland
| | - Jesus M Frias
- Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Shivani Pathania
- Food Industry Development Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin, Ashtown, Ireland
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Ishtiaq H, Ahmad B, Zahid N, Bibi T, Khan I, Azizullah A, Ahmad K, Murshed A, Rehman SU, Abdel-Maksoud MA, El-Tayeb MA, Lu J, Zaky MY. Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Effects of Ranunculus hirtellus Aerial Parts and Roots: Methanol and Aqueous Extracts. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:21805-21821. [PMID: 38799316 PMCID: PMC11112719 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Ranunculus hirtellus, also known as crowfoot (buttercup), has a rich tradition of use in various biological contexts. While antibacterial studies on extracts from this plant have been conducted, the phytochemical composition, antioxidant properties, and antidiabetic effects remain unexplored. In this study, the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects of its methanol and aqueous extracts were investigated. Our approach involved gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), alongside quantitative and qualitative methods, for phytochemical profiles. Additionally, concerning biological activities, the antioxidant effect was assessed through 2, 2-diphenyl-pieryl hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) assays, while the antidiabetic effect was examined through the α-amylase inhibitory assay. The chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of R. hirtellus revealed the presence of 14 distinct compounds. In the methanol extract, sterols, quinones, glycosides, lactones, lignin, and flavonoids were identified. The aqueous extract contained sterols, alkaloids, glycosides, triterpenes, terpenoids, quinones, leucoanthocyanins, and lactones. The total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC), total tannin content (TTC), and reducing sugar content (RDC) were determined in plant extracts, and a linear relationship was found between these parameters. Additionally, the TTC, TPC, and TFC values for both extracts hovered around 0.3786, 0.0476, and 0.1864 μg/mL, respectively, across all plant concentrations, while RDC ranged from 0.9336 to 1.0119 μg/mL in all four extracts. In vitro assays demonstrated dose-dependent antidiabetic activity in both methanolic and aqueous extracts by inhibiting α-amylase. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity observed in the DPPH assay was greater in the aqueous extract compared with the methanolic extract. In addition, the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest inhibition among chloroform and n-hexane in the ABTS assay. The results suggest that R. hirtellus can be a potential source of natural antioxidants and antidiabetic agents, and further studies are warranted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadiqa Ishtiaq
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Department
of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong
Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Zahid
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Bibi
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, The University
of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Azizullah Azizullah
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ahmad
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University
Islamabad, Abbottabad
Campus, Abbottabad 22060, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abduh Murshed
- Department
of Intensive Care Unit, Affiliated Hospital
of Guangdong Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shafiq Ur Rehman
- Department
of Biology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mostafa A. Abdel-Maksoud
- Botany and
Microbiology Department College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. El-Tayeb
- Botany and
Microbiology Department College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jun Lu
- Department
of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong
Medical University, 524000 Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mohamed Y. Zaky
- Molecular
Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 62521, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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4
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Truong HTH, Ho NTH, Ho HN, Nguyen BLQ, Le MHD, Duong TT. Morphological, phytochemical and genetic characterization of Centella asiatica accessions collected throughout Vietnam and Laos. Saudi J Biol Sci 2024; 31:103895. [PMID: 38173443 PMCID: PMC10761913 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pennywort (Centella asiatica L.) is commonly grown in the tropical world for its nutritional and medicinal values. Valuable saponins in pennywort are extensively investigated for their anti-tumour activities. The diversity in morphology, phytochemical contents and genetics among pennywort accessions has been extensively studied to identify elite landraces for large-scale production. While pennywort is widely consumed in Vietnam, a systematic characterization of their diverse morphology, secondary metabolites and genetics is lacking. In this work, 26 pennywort accessions were collected across Vietnam and Laos. Their morphological features and yields were characterized under uniform agro-climatic conditions at Hue city in central Vietnam. The highest yield was obtained with HUIB_CA20 (478 g per tray), compared to the lowest yield in HUIB_CA19 (107 g per tray). Furthermore, a range of phytochemical markers, including vitamin C, reducing sugar, carotenoid, tannin, phenolic, flavonoid and saponin contents, were determined. Based on yield, phenolic and flavonoid contents, HUIB_CA20 and HUIB_CA27 were determined to be elite cultivars in this germplasm. Finally, microsatellite analysis was performed to explore the genetic diversity within the germplasm. Using fourteen SSR primer pairs, a total of 47 alleles were identified with 45 alleles (96 %) being polymorphic. These results will be useful for breeding programs aiming to create elite pennywort cultivars with enhanced properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nhi Thi Hoang Ho
- The Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Han Ngoc Ho
- The Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Bao Le Quy Nguyen
- The Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Minh Hoang Duy Le
- The Institute of Biotechnology, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam
| | - Thuy Thanh Duong
- Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue, Viet Nam
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Tian W, Zou B, Xu S, Xu Y, Zhang R, Li L, Jing Y, Wang M, Zhuang Y, Liu J, Liang C. Differences in microbial communities and potato growth in two soil types under organic cultivation. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:404. [PMID: 37982083 PMCID: PMC10656376 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03832-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic agriculture plays a positive role in promoting genetic diversity, including living organisms, plants, and cultivated crops in the soil. However, few comparative studies reported whether different soil types were suitable for organic cultivation. In this study, loam and clay-loam soils under continuous organic cultivation were analyzed. The results showed that there were no significant differences between two soil types in soil pH, bulk density, total porosity, moisture content and three soil phases. The capillary porosity and organic matter content of loam were significantly higher than those of clay-loam. Compared with clay-loam soil, the contents of total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, zinc and silicon in loam soil were also significantly higher. The microbial diversity was higher in loam and the dominant microbes differed between the two soils. Glycosyl transferases and carbohydrate esterases were enriched in loam, whereas glycoside hydrolases and carbohydrate-binding modules were enriched in clay loam. The potato yield in loam was significantly higher than that in clay loam. Among the tuber quality indicators, the protein content of potatoes in loam was higher than that in clay-loam, but the reducing sugar content was lower for loam than for clay-loam. In conclusion, compared with clay loam, loam was more suitable for organic cultivation of potatoes on account of the high contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and the rich microbial community, thus promoting a high yield of tubers. This study provided a theoretical reference for the selection of soil type suitable for organic cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Benge Zou
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Shujing Xu
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Yinghao Xu
- Shandong Luyuan Weipin Agricultural High-Tech Co., Ltd., Laiyang, 265211 China
| | - Ruifeng Zhang
- Shandong Luyuan Weipin Agricultural High-Tech Co., Ltd., Laiyang, 265211 China
| | - Li Li
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Yali Jing
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Mengzhen Wang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Yingyu Zhuang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109 China
| | - Chenglin Liang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200 China
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6
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Srivastava RP, Kumar S, Singh L, Madhukar M, Singh N, Saxena G, Pandey S, Singh A, Devkota HP, Verma PC, Shiva S, Malik S, Rustagi S. Major phenolic compounds, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of Selinum carvifolia (L.) collected from different altitudes in India. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1180225. [PMID: 37521418 PMCID: PMC10382142 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1180225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to public health, raising the number of diseases in the community. Recent research has shown that plant-derived phenolic compounds have strong antimicrobial, antifungal, and cytotoxic properties against a variety of microorganisms and work as great antioxidants in such treatments. The goal of the current work is to evaluate the anticancerous, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity activities in the extracts of the different plant parts (leaves, stems, and roots) of S. carvifolia (L.) L. This is a medicinally important plant and has been used for different kinds of diseases and ailments such as hysteria and seizures. The phenolic compounds from the different plant parts were analyzed using HPLC and the following were found to be present: chlorogenic acid, gallic acid, rutin, syringic acid, vanillic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and protocatechuic acid. Gallic acid was found to have the highest concentration (13.93 mg/g), while chlorogenic acid (0.25 mg/g) had the lowest. The maximum TPC value, which ranged from 33.79 to 57.95 mg GAE/g dry extract weight, was found in the stem. Root extract with 9.4 mg RE/g had the greatest TFC level. In the leaf and stem extracts, the RSC ranged from 0.747 mg/mL to 0.734 mg/1 mL GE/g dry extract weight, respectively. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to measure in vitro antioxidant activity. In a concentration-dependent way, promising antioxidant activity was reported. Moreover, 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and the Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent technique were used to determine reducing sugar content and total phenolic content, respectively. Antibacterial activity against eight strains (MIC: 250-1,000 μg/mL) was analyzed, and the stem extract exhibited maximum activity. Antifungal activity was also assessed, and potent activity was reported especially in the extract obtained from the stem. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using an MTT assay in the A549 cell line, where different doses (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) of leaf, root, and stem extracts were used. Treatment with these extracts reduced the cell viability, indicating that S. carvifolia may possess anticancer potential, which can be of great therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lav Singh
- Forest Training Institute, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of Uttar Pradesh, Kanpur, India
| | - Mayank Madhukar
- PG Department of Zoology, RD and DJ College, Munger University, Bihar, India
| | - Nitesh Singh
- Food, Drug and Chemical Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gauri Saxena
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivaraman Pandey
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arpit Singh
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Praveen C. Verma
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shatrughan Shiva
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumira Malik
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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Lin J, Wen J, Xiao N, Cai YT, Xiao J, Dai W, Chen JP, Zeng KW, Liu F, Du B, Li P. Anti-diabetic and gut microbiota modulation effects of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4304-4312. [PMID: 35043419 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) tea has been used as an adjuvant treatment for diabetes in Pu'er, in the Yunnan province of China. The effects of sacha inchi tea on diabetes and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of a water extract of sacha inchi (P. volubilis L.) leaves (PWE) on hypoglycemic activity and gut microbiota composition in mice with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). During the 6 weeks of the study, T1DM mice were administered PWE intragastrically at 400 mg kg-1 body weight (BW) per day. RESULTS Treatment with PWE reduced excessive loss of BW and excessive intake of food. It significantly decreased blood glucose levels and improved oral glucose tolerance. The treatment caused protective histopathological transformations in sections of the pancreas, leading to decreased insulin resistance and improved insulin sensitivity. Treatment with PWE also significantly ameliorated disorders of the gut microbiota structure and increased the richness and diversity of intestinal microbial species in T1DM mice. At the genus level, the populations of several crucial bacteria, such as Akkermansia, Parabacteroides, and Muribaculum increased in the PWE treatment group but the abundance of Ruminiclostridium and Oscillibacter decreased. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with PWE can ameliorate hyperglycemic symptoms in STZ-induced T1DM mice, and the anti-diabetic effect of PWE was related to the amelioration of gut microbial structural disorder and the enrichment of functional bacteria. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiamin Wen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Tong Cai
- School of Data Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Longgang District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jie Xiao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhao Dai
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Kouchi MM, Amani H, Naseri A, Kariminezhad H. Development of an effective and safe system for bioavailability of vitamin E supplements in the stomach. J SURFACTANTS DETERG 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jsde.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mandana Moradi Kouchi
- Department of Chemical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
| | - Hossein Amani
- Department of Chemical Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
| | - Ali Naseri
- EOR Department Research Institute of Petroleum Industry (RIPI) Tehran Iran
| | - Hasan Kariminezhad
- Department of Physics Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran
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Khai HD, Bien LT, Vinh NQ, Dung DM, Nghiep ND, Mai NTN, Tung HT, Luan VQ, Cuong DM, Nhut DT. Alterations in endogenous hormone levels and energy metabolism promoted the induction, differentiation and maturation of Begonia somatic embryos under clinorotation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 312:111045. [PMID: 34620443 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study provides a visual insight into the effects of simulated microgravity (MG) on somatic embryogenesis (SE) in Begonia through the analysis of phytohormone fluctuations and energy metabolism. To investigate this relationship, thin cell layer culture model was first used. The results showed that MG changed the phytohormone content and stimulated starch biosynthesis to convert into sugar to release energy needed for regeneration and proliferation. Moreover, from the results it is likely that MG accelerated the initiation and subsequently maturation and aging of SE via decrease of AUX and increase of ABA. High content of GA, CKs, starch, sugar and low ABA as well as high CKs/ABA ratio were responsible for the increase in the number of embryos under clinorotation which was 1.57-fold higher than control after 90 days. The increase in fresh and dry weight of somatic embryos and chlorophyll content under MG were confirmed as their adaptive responses to gravitational stress. However, long-term exposure to MG (120 days) stimulated biosynthesis of ABA levels 1.85-fold higher than controls, which resulted in a decrease in chlorophyll content, increase in number of mature embryos and stomata length. These results revealed that MG regulated the induction, differentiation and senescence of somatic embryos via a biochemical interaction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Dac Khai
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | - Le The Bien
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam; Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | | | | | - Ngo Dai Nghiep
- University of Science, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Nhu Mai
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Thanh Tung
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | - Vu Quoc Luan
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | - Do Manh Cuong
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam
| | - Duong Tan Nhut
- Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Viet Nam.
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Reducing Sugar, Total Phenolic Content, and Antioxidant Potential of Nepalese Plants. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:7296859. [PMID: 33274222 PMCID: PMC7683130 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7296859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the reducing sugar, total phenolic content, and in vitro antioxidant activity of 70% (v/v) ethanolic extract of seven medicinal plants grown in Nepal. The reducing sugar content and total phenolic content were determined by 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA) and the Folin–Ciocalteu method, respectively. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The reducing sugar content of the studied plant samples ranged from 6.89 ± 2.44 to 674.13 ± 2.43 mg GE/g dry extract weight and the total phenolic content ranged from 14.87 ± 0.41 to 281.71 ± 1.47 mg GAE/g dry extract weight. The reducing sugar and total phenolic content were found highest in Ficus glaberrima. Antioxidant activity was found highest in Melastoma malabathricum (IC50value = 6.27 μg/mL), followed by F. glaberrima (IC50value = 11.7 μg/mL). A positive and significant correlation was found between (i) total phenolic content and reducing sugar content and (ii) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The present study is the first study for the analysis of reducing sugar content of selected plants and for the scientific exploration of F. glaberrima. The present result suggests that the various parts of these studied plants could be assumed as a rich source of biologically active compounds and considered beneficial for the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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Enzymatic preparation of fructooligosaccharides-rich burdock syrup with enhanced antioxidative properties. ELECTRON J BIOTECHN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejbt.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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Mendoza-López ML, Alvarado-Díaz CS, Pérez-Vega SB, Leal-Ramos MY, Gutiérrez-Méndez N. Compositional and free radical scavenging properties of Zea maysfemale inflorescences (maize silks) from Mexican maize landraces. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2017.1343866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María L. Mendoza-López
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Carla S. Alvarado-Díaz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Samuel B. Pérez-Vega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Martha Y. Leal-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
| | - Nestor Gutiérrez-Méndez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Postgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, México
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Gasperl A, Morvan-Bertrand A, Prud’homme MP, van der Graaff E, Roitsch T. A Simple and Fast Kinetic Assay for the Determination of Fructan Exohydrolase Activity in Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1154. [PMID: 26734049 PMCID: PMC4686730 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fact that fructans are the main constituent of water-soluble carbohydrates in forage grasses and cereal crops of temperate climates, little knowledge is available on the regulation of the enzymes involved in fructan metabolism. The analysis of enzyme activities involved in this process has been hampered by the low affinity of the fructan enzymes for sucrose and fructans used as fructosyl donor. Further, the analysis of fructan composition and enzyme activities is restricted to specialized labs with access to suited HPLC equipment and appropriate fructan standards. The degradation of fructan polymers with high degree of polymerization (DP) by fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) to fructosyloligomers is important to liberate energy in the form of fructan, but also under conditions where the generation of low DP polymers is required. Based on published protocols employing enzyme coupled endpoint reactions in single cuvettes, we developed a simple and fast kinetic 1-FEH assay. This assay can be performed in multi-well plate format using plate readers to determine the activity of 1-FEH against 1-kestotriose, resulting in a significant time reduction. Kinetic assays allow an optimal and more precise determination of enzyme activities compared to endpoint assays, and enable to check the quality of any reaction with respect to linearity of the assay. The enzyme coupled kinetic 1-FEH assay was validated in a case study showing the expected increase in 1-FEH activity during cold treatment. This assay is cost effective and could be performed by any lab with access to a plate reader suited for kinetic measurements and readings at 340 nm, and is highly suited to assess temporal changes and relative differences in 1-FEH activities. Thus, this enzyme coupled kinetic 1-FEH assay is of high importance both to the field of basic fructan research and plant breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gasperl
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität GrazGraz, Austria
| | - Annette Morvan-Bertrand
- Normandie Université, CaenFrance
- UMR 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS, Université de Caen NormandieCaen, France
- INRA, UMR 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCSCaen, France
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud’homme
- Normandie Université, CaenFrance
- UMR 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCS, Université de Caen NormandieCaen, France
- INRA, UMR 950 Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie et Nutritions NCSCaen, France
| | | | - Thomas Roitsch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Karl-Franzens-Universität GrazGraz, Austria
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of CopenhagenCopenhagen, Denmark
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