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Nuha D, Evren AE, Özkan BNS, Gundogdu-Karaburun N, Karaburun AÇ. Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling simulations of new phthalazine-1,4-dione derivatives as anti-Alzheimer's agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400067. [PMID: 38967191 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The development of targeted phthalazine-1,4-dione acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors for treating Alzheimer's disease involved the synthesis of 32 compounds via a multistage process. Various analytical techniques confirmed the compounds' identities. Thirteen compounds were found to inhibit AChE by more than 50% without affecting butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Among these, three compounds, 8m, 8n, and 8p, exhibited extraordinary activity similar to donepezil, a reference AChE inhibitor. During enzyme kinetic studies, compound 8n, displaying the highest AChE inhibitory activity, underwent evaluation at three concentrations (2 × IC50, IC50, and IC50/2). Lineweaver-Burk plots indicated mixed inhibition activity for compound 8n against AChE, suggesting a combination of competitive and noncompetitive characteristics. Additionally, effective derivatives 8m, 8n, and 8p exhibited high blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in in vitro parallel artificial membrane permeability assay tests. Molecular docking studies revealed that these compounds bind to the enzyme's active site residues in a position similar to donepezil. Molecular dynamic simulations confirmed the stability of the protein-ligand system, and the chemical reactivity characteristics of the compounds were investigated using density functional theory. The compounds' wide energy gaps suggest stability and therapeutic potential. This research represents a significant step toward finding a potential cure for Alzheimer's disease. However, further research and testing are required to determine the compounds' safety and efficacy. The unique structure of phthalazine derivatives makes them suitable for various biological activities, and these compounds show promise for developing effective drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease. Overall, the development of these targeted compounds is a crucial advancement in the search for an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demokrat Nuha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University for Business and Technology, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Asaf Evrim Evren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Pharmacy Services, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | | | - Nalan Gundogdu-Karaburun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Çagri Karaburun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Ezzat MAF, Abdelhamid SM, Fouad MA, Abdel-Aziz HA, Allam HA. Design, synthesis, in vitro, and in vivo evaluation of novel phthalazinone-based derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:1231-1246. [PMID: 37243322 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Twenty novel phthalazinone-based compounds were designed as acetylcholinesterase (hAChE) inhibitors. Compounds 7e and 17c demonstrated comparable or superior activity compared to donepezil, respectively, in in vitro enzyme assay. Moreover, both compounds 7e and 17c possess minimal toxicity on hepatic and neuroblastoma cell lines. Besides, it was proved that compounds 7e and 17c have percentage alternations and a transfer latency time comparable to donepezil and can alleviate the cognitive impairment caused by the scopolamine-induced model in mice. The kinetic analysis for compound 17c suggested this compound as a mixed-type inhibitor that could bind to both the peripheral (PAS) and the catalytic site (CAS) of the hAChE enzyme. The synthesized molecules were subjected to in silico analyses, including molecular docking studies, and the outcomes were consistent with the in vitro findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwa A Fouad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Applied Organic Chemistry, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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3
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Emam SM, Rayes SME, Ali IAI, Soliman HA, Nafie MS. Synthesis of phthalazine-based derivatives as selective anti-breast cancer agents through EGFR-mediated apoptosis: in vitro and in silico studies. BMC Chem 2023; 17:90. [PMID: 37501139 PMCID: PMC10375784 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00995-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The parent 2-(4-benzyl-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)-acetohydrazide (4) has twenty-nine compounds. The starting material for their corresponding mono, dipeptides and reactions with active methylene compounds were produced by chemoselective N-alkylation of 4-Benzyl-2H-phthalazin-1-one (2) with ethyl chloroacetate to afford (4-benzyl-1-oxo-1H-phthalazin-2-yl) methyl acetate (3). The ester 3 was hydrazinolyzed to give hydrazide 4, then azide 5 coupled with amino acid ester hydrochloride and/or amines to produce several monopeptides, then the methyl (2-(4-benzyl-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl) acetyl) glycinate (7a) was hydrazinolyzed to produce corresponding hydrazide 2-(4-benzyl-1-oxophthalazin-2(1H)-yl)-N-(2-hydrazineyl-2-oxo ethyl) acetamide (8a). The hydrazide 8a under azide coupling method was coupled with amino acid ester hydrochloride and/or amines to produce several dipeptides, and the hydrazide 8a was also condensed and/or cyclized with several carbonyl compounds. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds was tested using MTT assay, as well as apoptosis-induction through EGFR inhibition. Compounds 11d, 12c and 12d exhibited potent cytotoxic activities with IC50 values of 0.92, 1.89 and 0.57 μM against MDA-MB-231 cells compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 1.02 μM). Interestingly compound 12d exhibited promising potent EGFR inhibition with an IC50 value 21.4 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 80 nM). For apoptosis, compound 12d induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by 64.4-fold (42.5% compared to 0.66 for the control); hence, this compound may serve as a potential target-oriented anti-breast cancer agent. These results agreed with the molecular docking studies that highlighted the binding disposition of compound 12d towards EGFR protein. Hence, compound 12d may serve as a potential and selective anti-breast cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Emam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Samir M El Rayes
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim A I Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hamdy A Soliman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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4
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Shi H, Xiong L, Zhu C, Wang J, Li Y, Luo Y, Wang T, Zhang C. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel NO-releasing 4-chromanone derivatives as potential vasodilator agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:408-421. [PMID: 36054155 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling pathway is an effective mechanism involved in the treatment of hypertension. In our search for potential antihypertensive agents, a series of novel NO-donor derivatives of the 4-chromanone skeleton were designed and synthesized by coupling furoxans or nitrooxy NO-donor moieties. All derivatives showed enhanced nitric oxide releasing capacity and vasodilator activity with EC50 values ranging from 0.0215 μM to 1.46 μM, obviously superior to those of precursor 3. These biological evaluations indicated that all compounds displayed an important vasorelaxant effect, and several compounds (9c, 14b, 14c, 14d) presented good vasodilator activity, with 14c being the best. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies revealed that compound 14c occupied the pocket well with the phosphodiesterase 5 domain in a favorable conformation. In conclusion, we observed that these novel compounds can act as structural templates for the design and subsequent development of new vasodilators and antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchun Luo
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Ahmadi S, Habibi D, Heydari S, Roshani Asl E. The capable xanthine-based adsorbent for removal of the Cd(II), Ni(II) and Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution via their complexation and the use of its corresponding Cd complex for the green synthesis of indazolophthalazinetriones. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04868-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Wu D, Li X, Shen QK, Zhang RH, Xu Q, Sang XT, Huang X, Zhang CH, Quan ZS, Cao LH. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of dehydroabietic acid derivative as potent vasodilatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106110. [PMID: 36087551 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using dehydroabietic acid as the lead compound for structural modification, 25 dehydroabietic acid derivatives were synthesized. Among them, compound D1 not only showed the strongest relaxation effect on the aortic vascular ring in vitro (Emax = 99.5 ± 2.1%, EC50 = 3.03 ± 0.96 µM), but also significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in rats at a dose of 2.0 mg/kg in vivo. Next, the vascular protective effect of the best active D1 and its molecular mechanism were further investigated by HUVECs. The results showed that D1 induced endothelium-dependent diastole in the rat thoracic aorta in a concentration-dependent manner. Endothelium removal or aortic ring pretreatment with NG-nitro-l-arginine methylester (l-NAME), 1H-[1,2,4]-oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]-quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), and tetraethylammonium (TEA) significantly inhibited D1-induced relaxation. In addition, wortmannin, KT5823, triciribine, diltiazem, BaCl2, 4-aminopyridine, indomethacin, propranolol, and atropine attenuated D1-induced vasorelaxation. D1 increased the phosphorylation of eNOS in HUVECs Furthermore, D1 attenuated the expression of TNF-α-induced cell adhesion molecules such as ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. However, this effect was attenuated by the eNOS inhibitors l-NAME and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). The findings suggest that D1-induced vasorelaxation through the PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO/cGMP/PKG pathway by activating the KCa, Kir and KV channels or muscarinic and β-adrenergic receptors, and inhibiting the l-type Ca2+ channels, which is closely related to the hypotensive action of the agent. Furthermore, D1 exhibits an inhibitory effect on vascular inflammation, which is associated with the observed vascular protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xiaoting Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Run-Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Sang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Chang-Hao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Li-Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Affifiliated Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, College of Medical, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
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7
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Moradi L, Mirzaei M, Sasi HR. Preparation and characterization of perlite nanoparticles modified with guanidine as an efficient solid base catalyst for the multicomponent synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo [1,2-b] phthalazine-5,10-dione derivatives. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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8
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Cai Y, Karmakar B, Salem MA, Alzahrani AY, Bani-Fwaz MZ, Oyouni AAA, Al-Amer O, Batiha GES. Ag NPs supported chitosan-agarose modified Fe 3O 4 nanocomposite catalyzed synthesis of indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazines and anticancer studies against liver and lung cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:20-28. [PMID: 35259437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In this article we report a novel Ag NPs fabricated chitosan-agarose composite functionalized core-shell type Fe3O4 nanoparticle (Ag/CS-Agar@Fe3O4). The biogenic material was analyzed over a number of physicochemical methods like, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, VSM and ICP-OES. In catalytic exploration we aimed the synthesis of diverse 2H-indazolo0-b]phthalazine-trione derivatives via one-pot three component coupling of phathalalhydrazide, dimedone and different aldehydes. It afforded good to excellent yields under solvent-less conditions. Robustness of the catalyst was justified by catalyst recyclability for consecutive 10 times, hot filtration and leaching tests. Again, biological activity of the material was evaluated by studying the antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties over lung and liver cancer cell lines. Antioxidant potential of Ag/CS-Agar@Fe3O4 was assessed by DPPH radical scavenging studies and the corresponding IC50 was found to be 96.57 μg/mL. Liver and lung cancer studies over Ag/CS-Agar@Fe3O4 was carried out by MTT assay against HepG2 and A549 cell lines. The corresponding IC50 values were found as 192.35 and 365.28 μg/mL respectively. % Cell viability of the nanomaterial decreased dose dependently over both the cell lines without any cytotoxicity on normal cell line. The results demonstrates Ag/CS-Agar@Fe3O4 nanocomposite to be an efficient chemotherapeutic drug against the lung and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Medical School, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bikash Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Gobardanga Hindu College, North 24 Parganas, India.
| | - Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11284 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdullah Y Alzahrani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science & Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mutasem Z Bani-Fwaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P. O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
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Zaib S, Ibrar A, Ramay M, Zahra S, Hökelek T, Simpson J, McAdam CJ, Awwad NS, Ibrahium HA, Frontera A, Khan I. Centroid⋯centroid and hydrogen bond interactions as robust supramolecular units for crystal engineering: X-ray crystallographic, computational and urease inhibitory investigations of 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00351a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The antiparallel π-stacked dimer of compound 6 (left) presenting a large dimerization energy (ΔE5 = −11.2 kcal mol−1) and confirming its relevance in the solid state of compound 6. 3D binding mode of 6 (right) docked in the catalytic domain of urease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Life Science, The University of Haripur, KPK 22620, Pakistan
| | - Marriyam Ramay
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shabab Zahra
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Tuncer Hökelek
- Department of Physics, Hacettepe University, Beytepe-Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Jim Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | | | - Nasser S. Awwad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala A. Ibrahium
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Semi Pilot Plant, Nuclear Materials Authority, P.O. Box 530, El Maadi, Egypt
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department de Química, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca Baleares, Spain
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
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Zaib S, Khan I. Synthetic and medicinal chemistry of phthalazines: Recent developments, opportunities and challenges. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104425. [PMID: 33157344 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Fused diaza-heterocycles constitute the core structure of numerous bioactive natural products and effective therapeutic drugs. Among them, phthalazines have been recognized as remarkable structural leads in medicinal chemistry due to their wide application in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries. Accessing such challenging pharmaceutical agents/drug candidates with high chemical complexity through synthetically efficient approaches remains an attractive goal in the contemporary medicinal chemistry and drug discovery arena. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in the synthetic routes towards the generation of phthalazine-based active pharmaceutical ingredients and their biological potential against various targets. The general reaction scope of these innovative and easily accessible strategies was emphasized focusing on the functional group tolerance, substrate and coupling partner compatibility/limitation, the choice of catalyst, and product diversification. These processes were also accompanied by the mechanistic insights where deemed appropriate to demonstrate meaningful information. Moreover, the rapid examination of the structure-activity relationship analyses around the phthalazine core enabled by the pharmacophore replacement/integration revealed the generation of robust, efficient, and more selective compounds with pronounced biological effects. A large variety of in silico methods and ADME profiling tools were also employed to provide a global appraisal of the pharmacokinetics profile of diaza-heterocycles. Thus, the discovery of new structural leads offers the promise of improving treatments for various tropical diseases such as tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, malaria, Chagas disease, among many others including various cancers, atherosclerosis, HIV, inflammatory, and cardiovascular diseases. We hope this review would serve as an informative collection of structurally diverse molecules enabling the generation of mature, high-quality, and innovative routes to support the drug discovery endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom.
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Ag NPs on chitosan-alginate coated magnetite for synthesis of indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazines and human lung protective effects against α-Guttiferin. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:2974-2986. [PMID: 32853620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Biocomposite nanomaterials have been evolved as the new generation catalysts and therapeutic supplement in these days. Magnetically isolation has added new features to this category. This has encouraged us to synthesize a novel Ag NP adorned chitosan-alginate dual bio-polysaccharide (two of the more versatile polysaccharides) modified core-shell magnetic nanocomposite (Fe3O4/CS-Alg/Ag NPs). The material was meticulously characterized following different physicochemical techniques, such as, FT-IR, ICP-OES, FESEM, EDX, atomic mapping, TEM, VSM, XRD and XPS studies. The as synthesized material was catalytically explored in the one-pot multicomponent synthesis of biologically potent 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-trione derivatives involving a wide range of substrates. The reactions were ended up with excellent yields under solvent-free heating conditions. The catalyst recyclability, heterogeneity and leaching tests were performed to ensure its high stability and robustness. It could be reused as much as 10 times in succession with almost unchanged catalytic performances. In the lung protective part of the present research, the human lung toxicity was induced by α-Guttiferin. The cell viability of lung MRC-5, CCD19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cell lines was measured by trypan blue assay. Caspase-3 activity was assessed by the caspase activity colorimetric assay kit and mitochondrial membrane potential of lung cells was studied by Rhodamine123 fluorescence dye. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) test was used to show DNA fragmentation and apoptosis of lung cells. Also, the Rat inflammatory cytokine assay kit was used to measure the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines. The catalyst-treated cell cutlers significantly (p ≤ 0.01) reduced the DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activity, and inflammatory cytokines concentrations, and raised the mitochondrial membrane potential and cell viability in the high concentration of α-Guttiferin-treated lung MRC-5, CCD19Lu, WI-38, and BEAS-2B cells. The best result of lung protective properties of catalyst against α-Guttiferin was seen in the high dose of catalyst i.e., 4 μg. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for catalyst and butylated hydroxytoluene. The catalyst inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 171 μg/mL. According to the above results, catalyst can be administrated as a lung protective drug for the treatment of lung diseases after approving in the clinical trial studies in humans.
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Ismail MMF, Soliman DHS, Elmoniem MHA, Jaleel GAA. Synthesis, Molecular Modeling of Novel Substituted Pyridazinones and their Vasorelaxant Activities. Med Chem 2020; 17:171-186. [PMID: 32216740 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200327191100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension, one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that can cause coronary disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, and sudden death, it is the major contributor to cardiac failure as well as renal insufficiency. OBJECTIVES As there are many cardio-active pyridazinone-base derivatives in clinical use, therefore, we aimed to synthesize a new series of pyridazin-3-ones and evaluate their vasorelaxant activity. METHODS A new series of synthesized compounds were carried out first by the synthesis of 6- flouroarylpyridazinones by cyclization of 3-(4-flourobenzoyl) propionic acid with hydrazine hydrate or arylhydrazines to provide the corresponding pyridazinone derivatives 2a-d. Mannich reaction was performed using morpholine or piperidine formaldehyde to obtain compounds 3a,b. On the other hand, reaction of 2a with various chloroacetamide intermediates, in dimethylformamide and potassium carbonate as a catalyst, afforded the target compounds 5a-c. The aromatic acid hydrazide intermediates 6a-g were prepared in 50-90% yield, by reacting to the prepared esters with hydrazine hydrate under reflux in ethanol. The two compounds 8a,b were prepared via condensation of 7a,b with ethyl chloroacetate in dry acetone. Finally, the target 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyridazinones 9a-c derivatives were obtained by the reaction of 7a with the appropriate aromatic aldehyde or substituted acetophenones. The new compounds were then evaluated for their vasorelaxant properties using isolated thoracic rat aortic rings. In addition, a homology model was built and molecular modeling simulation of these compounds into the active sites of the newly created α1a-adrenoceptor model was performed in order to predict and rationalize their affinities toward this receptor. RESULTS Among these compounds; 5a was the most potent, it exhibited approximately two-times the activity of prazosin (IC50 = 0.250, 0.487 mmol, respectively) also, fourteen compounds were more potent than prazosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda M F Ismail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia H S Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona H Abd Elmoniem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Chen H, Qian Y, Jia H, Yu Y, Zhang H, Shen J, Zhao S. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of naftopidil-based arylpiperazine derivatives containing the bromophenol moiety. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1058-1068. [PMID: 32048266 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-019-00041-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy in men and in the absence of any effective treatments available. METHODS For the development of potential anticancer agents, 24 kinds of naftopidil-based arylpiperazine derivatives containing the bromophenol moiety were synthesized and characterized by using spectroscopic methods. Their pharmacological activities were evaluated against human PCa cell lines (PC-3 and LNCaP) and a1-adrenergic receptors (a1-ARs; α1a, α1b, and α1d-ARs). The structure-activity relationship of these designed arylpiperazine derivatives was rationally explored and discussed. RESULTS Among these derivatives, 3c, 3d, 3h, 3k, 3o, and 3s exhibited the most potent activity against the tested cancer cells, and some derivatives with potent anticancer activities exhibited better a1-AR subtype selectivity than others did (selectivity ratio > 10). CONCLUSION This work provided a potential lead compound for the further development of anticancer agents for PCa therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Yuna Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, 325001, China
| | - Huixia Jia
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Yuzhong Yu
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China. .,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Wenzhou, 325001, China.
| | - Shanchao Zhao
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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14
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Wasfy AF, Aly AA, Behalo MS, Mohamed NS. Synthesis of novel phthalazine derivatives as pharmacological activities. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Farouq Wasfy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceBenha University P.O. Box 13518 Benha Egypt
| | - Aly A. Aly
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceBenha University P.O. Box 13518 Benha Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Behalo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceBenha University P.O. Box 13518 Benha Egypt
| | - Noura S. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceBenha University P.O. Box 13518 Benha Egypt
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15
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Mourad AK, Makhlouf AA, Soliman AY, Mohamed SA. Phthalazines and phthalazine hybrids as antimicrobial agents: Synthesis and biological evaluation. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1747519819883840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phthalazine and phthalazinone derivatives are important owing to their significant biological activities and pharmacological properties. Herein, a benzoic acid derivative (2), a benzoxazin-1-one derivative (3), and an oxophthalazin-2(1 H)-yl)acetohydrazide (13) are utilized as precursors to construct a novel series of phthalazinones bearing various valuable functional groups in excellent yields via several simple and promising approaches. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the newly synthesized phthalazines is screened against different microbial strains; namely, Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria utilizing Amoxicillin as a standard drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Kamal Mourad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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16
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Synthesis and biological activity of structurally diverse phthalazine derivatives: A systematic review. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3979-3997. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Rizk SA, Abdelwahab SS, El‐Badawy AA. Design, Regiospecific Green Synthesis, Chemical Computational Analysis, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Novel Phthalazine Heterocycles. J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Rizk
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAin Shams University Cairo Egypt 11566
| | - Salwa S. Abdelwahab
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical IndustriesFuture University in Egypt Cairo Egypt 11835
| | - Azza A. El‐Badawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of ScienceAin Shams University Cairo Egypt 11566
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18
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Fu R, Li M, Zhou P, Hao W, Tu S, Jiang B. Synthesis of 3,4‐Dihydrobenzo[
f
]phthalazines
via
Iodine/
tert
‐Butyl Hydroperoxide‐Mediated Annulation Cascade of Yne‐Allenones. Adv Synth Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201900063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Fu
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
| | - Meng‐Fan Li
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Juan Hao
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
| | - Shu‐Jiang Tu
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- School of Chemistry & Materials ScienceJiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional MaterialsJiangsu Normal University Xuzhou 211116 People's Republic of China
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19
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Mozafari R, Heidarizadeh F. Phosphotungstic acid supported on SiO2@NHPhNH2 functionalized nanoparticles of MnFe2O4 as a recyclable catalyst for the preparation of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran and indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Wang L, Zhou M, Chen Q, He MY. Brønsted Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvent Catalysed the One-Pot Synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]Phthalazine-Triones. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/174751913x13787347508252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petro-Chemical Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petro-Chemical Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petro-Chemical Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yang He
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Fine Petro-Chemical Technology, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, P.R. China
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21
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Martins FT, Maia LJQ, Gasparotto G, Valdo AKSM, Nascimento Neto JA, Ribeiro L, de Freitas Rego Y, da Silva CM, de Fátima Â. Phthalazine-trione as a blue-green light-emitting moiety: crystal structures, photoluminescence and theoretical calculations. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02976h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phthalazine-trione was found to be a new robust blue-green light-emitting fluorophore, regardless of the substitution pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leandro Ribeiro
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
| | - Yuri de Freitas Rego
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB)
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
| | - Cleiton Moreira da Silva
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB)
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
| | - Ângelo de Fátima
- Grupo de Estudos em Química Orgânica e Biológica (GEQOB)
- Departamento de Química
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
- Belo Horizonte
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22
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Chen H, Liang X, Sun T, Qiao X, Zhan Z, Li Z, He C, Ya H, Yuan M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of estrone 3-O-ether derivatives containing the piperazine moiety. Steroids 2018; 134:101-109. [PMID: 29476759 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of new estrone derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic methods. All new estrone derivatives were investigated for their in vitro cytotoxic efficacies against a panel of three human prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, LNCaP, and DU145). The derivatives 6, 7, 10, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24 and 26 showed important cytotoxic actions against individual carcinoma cell line collections. Moreover, antagonistic activities of compounds (7, 15, 16 and 21) towards a1-ARs (α1A, α1B, and α1D) were further evaluated using dual-luciferase reporter assays, and the compounds 16 and 21 exhibited better a1-ARs subtype selectivity. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that the substitute's type and position on the phenyl group leads to the interesting variations within pharmacological effects of resultant molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Xue Liang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 621# Gangwan Road, Guangzhou 510700, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Tao Sun
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaoguang Qiao
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhou Zhan
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Ziyong Li
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Chaojun He
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China
| | - Huiyuan Ya
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, 6# Jiqing Road, Luoyang 471934, Henan Province, China.
| | - Mu Yuan
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Guangzhou Medical University, 195# Dongfengxi Road, Guangzhou 511436, Guangdong Province, China.
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23
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Bakherad M, Karami S, Keivanloo A. Sonogashira Reaction: Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of 3-Aryl-Substituted 6-Chloroimidazo[2, 1-a]phthalazines Catalyzed by Pd-Cu in Water. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Bakherad
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood 3619995161 Iran
| | - Saeed Karami
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood 3619995161 Iran
| | - Ali Keivanloo
- Faculty of Chemistry; Shahrood University of Technology; Shahrood 3619995161 Iran
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24
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Munín J, Quezada E, Campos-Toimil M, Cano E, Uriarte E, Viña D. Synthesis and vasorelaxant and antiplatelet activities of a new series of (4-Benzylphthalazin-1-ylamino)alcohol derivatives. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1879-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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An Efficient Synthesis of Novel Bioactive Thiazolyl-Phthalazinediones under Ultrasound Irradiation. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22020319. [PMID: 28218718 PMCID: PMC6155881 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel 2-thiazolylphthalazine derivatives were efficiently synthesized under ultrasound irradiation, resulting in high yields and short reaction times after optimization of the reaction conditions. All prepared compounds were fully characterized using spectroscopic methods. They were screened for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as for antifungal activity. The antimicrobial activity profile of the tested compounds showed some promising results. The potent activity of compounds 4d, 7b (117% zone inhibition) and 7c (105% zone inhibition) against Salmonella sp., exceeding that of the reference drug Gentamycin is particularly noteworthy. In general, the newly synthesized thiazolylphthalazine derivatives showed higher antimicrobial activity against the tested Gram-negative bacteria than against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
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26
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Goli-Jolodar O, Shirini F. Catalysis of Indazolophthalazinetriones by Ionic Liquid – Succinimidinium Hydrogen Sulfate. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-017-9489-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Amin KM, Barsoum FF, Awadallah FM, Mohamed NE. Identification of new potent phthalazine derivatives with VEGFR-2 and EGFR kinase inhibitory activity. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:191-201. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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28
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Goli-Jolodar O, Shirini F, Seddighi M. Introduction of O-sulfonated poly(vinylpyrrolidonium) hydrogen sulfate as an efficient, and reusable solid acid catalyst for some solvent-free multicomponent reactions. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra08486a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, O-sulfonated poly(vinylpyrrolidonium) hydrogen sulphate has been prepared as a powerful recyclable solid acid catalyst and characterized using a variety of techniques including elemental analysis, FT-IR, TGA, SEM, XRD, pH analysis and Hammett acidity function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- University of Guilan
- Iran
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29
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George RF, Saleh DO. Synthesis, vasorelaxant activity and 2D-QSAR study of some novel pyridazine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 108:663-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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30
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El-Shamy IE, Abdel-Mohsen A, Alsheikh AA, Fouda MM, Al-Deyab SS, El-Hashash MA. Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of S-nucleosides of 4-mesitylphthalazine-1-thiol and some new selenium-containing nucleoside analogues. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.01.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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31
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and structure–activity relationships of new phthalazinedione derivatives with vasorelaxant activity. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 82:407-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Usha MK, Madan Kumar S, Shyma PC, Kalluraya B, Lokanath NK, Revannasiddaiah D. 4-(4-Methyl-phen-yl)-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)phthalazin-1(2H)-one. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:o138. [PMID: 24764864 PMCID: PMC3998303 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813034880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C18H14N2O, the dihedral angle between the methylphenyl ring and the phthalazone ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.034 Å) is 53.93 (9)°. In the crystal, molecules are connected by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [101]. The chains are linked by π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance 3.6990 (12) Å], forming layers parallel to (10-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Usha
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - S Madan Kumar
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - P C Shyma
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, India
| | - B Kalluraya
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Mangalore 574 199, India
| | - N K Lokanath
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
| | - D Revannasiddaiah
- Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India
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33
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Prasanna MK, Sithambaresan M, Pradeepkumar K, Kurup MRP. 2-{(E)-[(2Z)-2-(1,2-Di-hydro-phthalazin-1-yl-idene)hydrazinyl-idene]meth-yl}phenol. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o1522-3. [PMID: 24098212 PMCID: PMC3790393 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813024203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The title compound, C15H12N4O, adopts an E conformation with respect to the azomethine bond and crystallizes in its hydrazinyl-idene tautomeric form. The dihedral angle between the ring systems is 15.98 (7)°. The phenol O-H group forms an intra-molecular O-H⋯N hydrogen bond. In the crystal, pairs of N-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link neighbouring mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers. These dimers are inter-connected by means of three types of π-π stacking inter-actions. One, with a centroid-centroid distance of 3.577 (1) Å [inter-planar separation = 3.4673 (6) Å], connects adjacent mol-ecules into centrosymmetric dimers. The other two inter-actions, on the outward facing sides of the dimers, are between phenol rings of neighboring mol-ecules [centroid-centroid separation = 3.7907 (13) Å and inter-planar separation = 3.5071 (8) Å], and between phthalazin units [centroid-centroid separation = 3.6001 (12) Å and inter-planar separation = 3.4891 (7) Å]. In combination, the π-π inter-actions lead to the formation of infinite layers with mol-ecules stacked along [0-11]. These layers are, in turn, connected with neighbouring layers through the N-H⋯N and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, yielding a three-dimensional supra-molecular architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. K. Prasanna
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, PRNSS College, Mattanur 670 702, Kannur, Kerala, India
| | - M. Sithambaresan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Chenkalady, Sri Lanka
| | - K. Pradeepkumar
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, PRNSS College, Mattanur 670 702, Kannur, Kerala, India
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34
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Aljaar N, Conrad J, Beifuss U. Synthesis of 2-aryl-1,2-dihydrophthalazines via reaction of 2-(bromomethyl)benzaldehydes with arylhydrazines. J Org Chem 2013; 78:1045-53. [PMID: 23256775 DOI: 10.1021/jo302491x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of 2-(bromomethyl)benzaldehydes with arylhydrazines employing K(2)CO(3) as a base and FeCl(3) as a catalyst in CH(3)CN at 100 °C delivers 2-aryl-1,2-dihydrophthalazines with yields ranging from 60 to 91%. The transformation is considered to proceed as an intermolecular condensation/intramolecular nucleophilic substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayyef Aljaar
- Bioorganische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Universität Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 30, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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35
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A Simple and Green Protocol for 2 H-Indazolo[2,1- b]phthalazine-triones Using Grinding Method. J CHEM-NY 2013. [DOI: 10.1155/2013/634510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A robust, facile, and solvent-free route for the three-component synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-triones in the presence of a catalytic amount ofp-toluene sulfonic acid utilizing grinding has been developed. Short reaction time, simple operation, and high yields are the advantages of this protocol.
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