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Shi H, Xiong L, Zhu C, Wang J, Li Y, Luo Y, Wang T, Zhang C. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel NO-releasing 4-chromanone derivatives as potential vasodilator agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:408-421. [PMID: 36054155 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) signaling pathway is an effective mechanism involved in the treatment of hypertension. In our search for potential antihypertensive agents, a series of novel NO-donor derivatives of the 4-chromanone skeleton were designed and synthesized by coupling furoxans or nitrooxy NO-donor moieties. All derivatives showed enhanced nitric oxide releasing capacity and vasodilator activity with EC50 values ranging from 0.0215 μM to 1.46 μM, obviously superior to those of precursor 3. These biological evaluations indicated that all compounds displayed an important vasorelaxant effect, and several compounds (9c, 14b, 14c, 14d) presented good vasodilator activity, with 14c being the best. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies revealed that compound 14c occupied the pocket well with the phosphodiesterase 5 domain in a favorable conformation. In conclusion, we observed that these novel compounds can act as structural templates for the design and subsequent development of new vasodilators and antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Shi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyan Xiong
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunchun Luo
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingfang Wang
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
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Zhilin ES, Ustyuzhanina NE, Fershtat LL, Nifantiev NE, Makhova NN. Antiaggregant effects of (1,2,5-oxadiazolyl)azasydnone ring assemblies as novel antiplatelet agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:1017-1024. [PMID: 34233091 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of biheterocyclic assemblies comprising of 1,2,5-oxadiazole and azasydnone scaffolds were synthesized and biologically evaluated as novel nitric oxide (NO)-donor and antiplatelet agents. Depending on functional substituents at the biheterocyclic core, all studied compounds demonstrated good NO-donor profiles releasing NO in a wide range of concentrations (19.2%-195.1%) according to a Griess assay. (1,2,5-Oxadiazolyl)azasydnones showed excellent antiplatelet activity in the case of ADP and adrenaline used as inducers completely suppressing the aggregate formation even at the lowest test concentration of 0.0375 μmol/ml, which is a rather unique feature. Moreover, studied biheterocycles possess a selective mechanism of inhibition of platelet aggregation mediated only by ADP and adrenaline, which are considered to be the main inducers causing thrombus formation. In addition, (1,2,5-oxadiazolyl)azasydnones were found to be completely non-toxic to hybrid endothelial cells EaHy 926. Studies of hydrolytic degradation of the synthesized compounds afforded benzoic acid as a sole detectable decomposition product, which is considered advantageous in drug design. Therefore, (1,2,5-oxadiazolyl)azasydnones represent a novel class of promising drug candidates with improved antiplatelet profile and reduced toxicity enabling their huge potential in medicinal chemistry and drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egor S Zhilin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Leonid L Fershtat
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikolay E Nifantiev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nina N Makhova
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Ahmed R, Augustine R, Chaudhry M, Akhtar UA, Zahid AA, Tariq M, Falahati M, Ahmad IS, Hasan A. Nitric oxide-releasing biomaterials for promoting wound healing in impaired diabetic wounds: State of the art and recent trends. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 149:112707. [PMID: 35303565 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Impaired diabetic wounds are serious pathophysiological complications associated with persistent microbial infections including failure in the closure of wounds, and the cause of a high frequency of lower limb amputations. The healing of diabetic wounds is attenuated due to the lack of secretion of growth factors, prolonged inflammation, and/or inhibition of angiogenic activity. Diabetic wound healing can be enhanced by supplying nitric oxide (NO) endogenously or exogenously. NO produced inside the cells by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) naturally aids wound healing through its beneficial vasculogenic effects. However, during hyperglycemia, the activity of eNOS is affected, and thus there becomes an utmost need for the topical supply of NO from exogenous sources. Thus, NO-donors that can release NO are loaded into wound healing patches or wound coverage matrices to treat diabetic wounds. The burst release of NO from its donors is prevented by encapsulating them in polymeric hydrogels or nanoparticles for supplying NO for an extended duration of time to the diabetic wounds. In this article, we review the etiology of diabetic wounds, wound healing strategies, and the role of NO in the wound healing process. We further discuss the challenges faced in translating NO-donors as a clinically viable nanomedicine strategy for the treatment of diabetic wounds with a focus on the use of biomaterials for the encapsulation and in vivo controlled delivery of NO-donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, AJK, Pakistan; Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Robin Augustine
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam Chaudhry
- Department of Continuing Education, University of Oxford, OX1 2JD Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Usman A Akhtar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Alap Ali Zahid
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Applied Sciences, Mirpur University of Science and Technology, Mirpur 10250, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Mojtaba Falahati
- Nanomedicine Innovation Center Erasmus (NICE), Erasmus Medical Center, 3015GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irfan S Ahmad
- Nick Holonyak Jr. Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA; Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center (BRC), Qatar University, PO Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Sodano F, Gazzano E, Fruttero R, Lazzarato L. NO in Viral Infections: Role and Development of Antiviral Therapies. Molecules 2022; 27:2337. [PMID: 35408735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous signaling radical that influences critical body functions. Its importance in the cardiovascular system and the innate immune response to bacterial and viral infections has been extensively investigated. The overproduction of NO is an early component of viral infections, including those affecting the respiratory tract. The production of high levels of NO is due to the overexpression of NO biosynthesis by inducible NO synthase (iNOS), which is involved in viral clearance. The development of NO-based antiviral therapies, particularly gaseous NO inhalation and NO-donors, has proven to be an excellent antiviral therapeutic strategy. The aim of this review is to systematically examine the multiple research studies that have been carried out to elucidate the role of NO in viral infections and to comprehensively describe the NO-based antiviral strategies that have been developed thus far. Particular attention has been paid to the potential mechanisms of NO and its clinical use in the prevention and therapy of COVID-19.
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Abstract
Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is one of the earliest known treatments for angina with a fascinating history that bridges three centuries. However, despite its central role in the nitric oxide (NO) story as a NO-donating compound, establishing the precise mechanism of how GTN exerts its medicinal benefit has proven to be far more difficult. This review brings together the explosive and vasodilatory nature of this three-carbon molecule while providing an update on the likely in vivo pathways through which GTN, and the rest of the organic nitrate family, release NO, nitrite, or a combination of both, while also trying to explain nitrate tolerance. Over the last 20 years the alcohol detoxification enzyme, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), has undoubtedly emerged as the front runner to explaining GTN's bioactivation. This is best illustrated by reduced GTN efficacy in subjects carrying the single point mutation (Glu504Lys) in ALDH, which is also responsible for alcohol intolerance, as characterized by flushing. While these findings are significant for anyone following the GTN story, they appear particularly relevant for healthcare professionals, and especially so, if administering GTN to patients as an emergency treatment. In short, although the GTN puzzle has not been fully solved, clinical study data continue to cement the importance of ALDH, as uncovered in 2002, as a key GTN activator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Pearson
- School of Pharmacy & Bioengineering, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Anthony Butler
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9JP, UK;
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de Melo TRF, Dulmovits BM, Fernandes GFDS, de Souza CM, Lanaro C, He M, Al Abed Y, Chung MC, Blanc L, Costa FF, Dos Santos JL. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of pomalidomide derivatives useful for sickle cell disease treatment. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105077. [PMID: 34130111 PMCID: PMC8387409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction constitutes a valuable and validated approach to treat the symptoms of sickle cell disease (SCD). Here, we synthesized pomalidomide-nitric oxide (NO) donor derivatives (3a-f) and evaluated their suitability as novel HbF inducers. All compounds demonstrated different capacities of releasing NO, ranging 0.3-30.3%. Compound 3d was the most effective HbF inducer for CD34+ cells, exhibiting an effect similar to that of hydroxyurea. We investigated the mode of action of compound 3d for HbF induction by studying the in vitro alterations in the levels of transcription factors (BCL11A, IKAROS, and LRF), inhibition of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDAC-1 and HDAC-2), and measurement of cGMP levels. Additionally, compound 3d exhibited a potent anti-inflammatory effect similar to that of pomalidomide by reducing the TNF-α levels in human mononuclear cells treated with lipopolysaccharides up to 58.6%. Chemical hydrolysis studies revealed that compound 3d was stable at pH 7.4 up to 24 h. These results suggest that compound 3d is a novel HbF inducer prototype with the potential to treat SCD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brian M Dulmovits
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Les Nelkin Memorial Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | | | - Cristiane M de Souza
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carolina Lanaro
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Minghzu He
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Les Nelkin Memorial Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Yousef Al Abed
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA; Laboratory of Developmental Erythropoiesis, Les Nelkin Memorial Pediatric Oncology Laboratory, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Man Chin Chung
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil
| | - Lionel Blanc
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pediatrics, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY 11549, USA
| | - Fernando Ferreira Costa
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jean Leandro Dos Santos
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil.
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Reinero M, Beghetti M, Tozzi P, Segesser LKV, Samaja M, Milano G. Nitric Oxide-cGMP Pathway Modulation in an Experimental Model of Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2021; 26:665-676. [PMID: 33969747 PMCID: PMC8547238 DOI: 10.1177/10742484211014162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Manipulation of nitric oxide (NO) may enable control of progression and treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Several approaches may modulate the NO-cGMP pathway in vivo. Here, we investigate the effectiveness of 3 modulatory sites: (i) the amount of l-arginine; (ii) the size of plasma NO stores that stimulate soluble guanylate cyclase; (iii) the conversion of cGMP into inactive 5′-GMP, with respect to hypoxia, to test the effectiveness of the treatments with respect to hypoxia-induced PH. Male rats (n = 80; 10/group) maintained in normoxic (21% O2) or hypoxic chambers (10% O2) for 14 days were subdivided in 4 sub-groups: placebo, l-arginine (20 mg/ml), the NO donor molsidomine (15 mg/kg in drinking water), and phoshodiesterase-5 inhibitor sildenafil (1.4 mg/kg in 0.3 ml saline, i.p.). Hypoxia depressed homeostasis and increased erythropoiesis, heart and right ventricle hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis inducing pulmonary remodeling. Stimulating anyone of the 3 mechanisms that enhance the NO-cGMP pathway helped rescuing the functional and morphological changes in the cardiopulmonary system leading to improvement, sometimes normalization, of the pressures. None of the treatments affected the observed parameters in normoxia. Thus, the 3 modulatory sites are essentially similar in enhancing the NO-cGMP pathway, thereby attenuating the hypoxia-related effects that lead to pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Reinero
- Department Cœur-Vaisseaux, Cardiac Surgery Center, 30635University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maurice Beghetti
- Unité de Cardiologie Pédiatrique, 30538University Hospital of Geneva and Centre Universitaire Romand de Cardiologie et Chirurgie Cardiaque Pédiatrique University of Geneva and Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Piergiorgio Tozzi
- Department Cœur-Vaisseaux, Cardiac Surgery Center, 30635University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig K von Segesser
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Cardio-Vascular Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michele Samaja
- Department of Health Science, 9304University of Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Milano
- Department Cœur-Vaisseaux, Cardiac Surgery Center, 30635University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Sodano F, Gazzano E, Rolando B, Marini E, Lazzarato L, Fruttero R, Riganti C, Gasco A. Tuning NO release of organelle-targeted furoxan derivatives and their cytotoxicity against lung cancer cells. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104911. [PMID: 33901795 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We herein report a study on a set of hybrid compounds in which 3-R-substituted furoxan moieties (R = CH3, CONH2, CN, SO2C6H5), endowed with varying NO-releasing capacities, are joined to a mitochondrial probe, rhodamine B. Each product has been investigated for its ability to release NO both in physiological solution, in the presence of cysteine, and in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cancer cells. The cytotoxicity of all the products against the aforementioned cancer cells has been assessed, including the structurally related compounds with no mitochondrial targeting, which were taken as a reference. In the case of the models bearing the -CH3 and -CONH2 groups at the 3-position on the furoxan, only the targeted models showed a significant cytotoxic activity, and only at the highest concentrations, in accordance with their weak NO-releasing properties. On the contrary, the presence of the strong electron-withdrawing groups, as -CN and -SO2C6H5, at the 3-position gave rise to anticancer agents, likely because of the high NO-releasing and of their capability of inhibiting cellular proteins by covalent binding. In detail, the rhodamine hybrid containing the 3-SO2C6H5 substituted furoxan moiety emerged as the most interesting product as it showed high cytotoxicity over the entire concentration range tested. This substructure was also linked to a phenothiazine scaffold that is able to accumulate in lysosomes. Nevertheless, mitochondrial targeting for these NO-donor furoxan substructures was found to be the most efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Sodano
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Gazzano
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Loretta Lazzarato
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy.
| | - Roberta Fruttero
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Gasco
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a great interest in Nitric oxide (NO) within medicinal chemistry since it's involved in human signaling pathways. Prodrugs or hybrid compounds containing NO-donor scaffolds linked to an active compound are valuable, due to their potential for modulating many pathological conditions due to NO's biological properties when released in addition to the native drug. Compounds that selectively inhibit nitric oxide synthase isoforms (NOS) can also increase therapeutic capacity, particularly in the treatment of chronic diseases. However, search for bioactive compounds to efficiently and selectively modulate NO is still a challenge in drug discovery. Areas covered: In this review, the authors highlight the recent advances in the strategies used to discover NO-hybrid derivatives, especially those related to anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, anticancer and anti-microorganism activities. They also focus on: nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, NO delivery materials and other related activities. Expert opinion: The process of molecular hybridization can be used to obtain NO-releasing compounds that also interact with different targets. The main problem with this approach is to control NO multiple actions in the right biological system. However, the use of NO-releasing groups with many different scaffolds leads to new molecular structures for bioactive compounds, suggesting synergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A M Serafim
- a LAPEN: Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutic Potentially Active against Neglected Diseases, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo - FCF/USP , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Filipe G Pernichelle
- a LAPEN: Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutic Potentially Active against Neglected Diseases, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo - FCF/USP , São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I Ferreira
- a LAPEN: Laboratory of Design and Synthesis of Chemotherapeutic Potentially Active against Neglected Diseases, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of São Paulo - FCF/USP , São Paulo , Brazil
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Ragot T, Provost C, Prignon A, Cohen R, Lepoivre M, Lausson S. Apoptosis induction by combination of drugs or a conjugated molecule associating non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and nitric oxide donor effects in medullary thyroid cancer models: implication of the tumor suppressor p73. Thyroid Res 2015; 8:13. [PMID: 26273323 PMCID: PMC4535850 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-015-0025-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a C-cell neoplasm. Surgery remains its main treatment. Promising therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors demand careful patient selection. We previously observed that two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), indomethacin, celecoxib, and nitric oxide (NO) prevented tumor growth in a model of human MTC cell line (TT) in nude mice. METHODS In the present study, we tested the NO donor: glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), at pharmacological dose, alone and in combination with each of the two NSAIDs on TT cells. We also assessed the anti-proliferative potential of NO-indomethacin, an indomethacin molecule chemically conjugated with a NO moiety (NCX 530, Nicox SA) on TT cells and indomethacin/GTN association in rMTC 6-23 cells. The anti-tumoral action of the combined sc. injections of GTN with oral delivery of indomethacin was also studied on subcutaneous TT tumors in nude mice. Apoptosis mechanisms were assessed by expression of caspase-3, TAp73α, TAp73α inhibition by siRNA or Annexin V externalisation. RESULTS The two NSAIDs and GTN reduced mitotic activity in TT cells versus control (cell number and PCNA protein expression). The combined treatments amplified the anti-tumor effect of single agents in the two tested cell lines and promoted cell death. Moreover, indomethacin/GTN association stopped the growth of established TT tumors in nude mice. We observed a significant cleavage of full length PARP, a caspase-3 substrate. The cell death appearance was correlated with a two-fold increase in TAp73α expression, with inhibition of apoptosis after TAp73α siRNA addition, demonstrating its crucial role in apoptosis. CONCLUSION Association of NO with NSAID exhibited amplified anti-tumoral effects on in vitro and in vivo MTC models by inducing p73-dependent apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Ragot
- UMR 8203, Gustave Roussy, Laboratoire de Vectorologie et de Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Villejuif, 94805 France ; UMR 8203, CNRS, Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Villejuif, 94805 France ; UMR 8203, Univ Paris-Sud, Laboratoire de Vectorologie et Thérapeutiques Anticancéreuses, Villejuif, 94805 France
| | - Claire Provost
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, plateforme LIMP, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Médicale Positonique, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, 75020 France
| | - Aurélie Prignon
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, plateforme LIMP, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Médicale Positonique, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, 75020 France
| | - Régis Cohen
- Hopital Delafontaine, Endocrinology Unit, Saint Denis, France
| | - Michel Lepoivre
- IBBMC, CNRS 8619, bat 430, Université Paris Sud XI, Orsay, Paris, 91405 France
| | - Sylvie Lausson
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 06, plateforme LIMP, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Médicale Positonique, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, 75020 France
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