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Neamțu M, Bild V, Vasincu A, Arcan OD, Bulea D, Ababei DC, Rusu RN, Macadan I, Sciucă AM, Neamțu A. Inflammasome Molecular Insights in Autoimmune Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3502-3532. [PMID: 38666950 PMCID: PMC11048795 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) emerge due to an irregular immune response towards self- and non-self-antigens. Inflammation commonly accompanies these conditions, with inflammatory factors and inflammasomes playing pivotal roles in their progression. Key concepts in molecular biology, inflammation, and molecular mimicry are crucial to understanding AID development. Exposure to foreign antigens can cause inflammation, potentially leading to AIDs through molecular mimicry triggered by cross-reactive epitopes. Molecular mimicry emerges as a key mechanism by which infectious or chemical agents trigger autoimmunity. In certain susceptible individuals, autoreactive T or B cells may be activated by a foreign antigen due to resemblances between foreign and self-peptides. Chronic inflammation, typically driven by abnormal immune responses, is strongly associated with AID pathogenesis. Inflammasomes, which are vital cytosolic multiprotein complexes assembled in response to infections and stress, are crucial to activating inflammatory processes in macrophages. Chronic inflammation, characterized by prolonged tissue injury and repair cycles, can significantly damage tissues, thereby increasing the risk of AIDs. Inhibiting inflammasomes, particularly in autoinflammatory disorders, has garnered significant interest, with pharmaceutical advancements targeting cytokines and inflammasomes showing promise in AID management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neamțu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Veronica Bild
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vasincu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Oana Dana Arcan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Delia Bulea
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Daniela-Carmen Ababei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Răzvan-Nicolae Rusu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ioana Macadan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ana Maria Sciucă
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Neamțu
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Wang Z, Qu S, Yuan J, Tian W, Xu J, Tao R, Sun S, Lu T, Tang W, Zhu Y. Review and prospects of targeted therapies for Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 96:117514. [PMID: 37984216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. The dysregulation of SYK is closely related to the occurrence and development of allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases and cancer. SYK has become an attractive target for drug discovery due to its important biological functions. This article reviews the biological function of SYK, the relationship between SYK and disease, and therapies targeting SYK. In addition, inspired by new technologies such as proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) and phosphatase recruiting chimeras (PHORCs), we propose the development of new therapeutic approaches for targeting SYK, such as SYK PROTACs and SYK PHORCs, which may overcome deficiencies of existing methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhao Wang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shu Qu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jiahao Yuan
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Wen Tian
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jinglei Xu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Rui Tao
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Shilong Sun
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Weifang Tang
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
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Lee S, Dao PDQ, Lim HJ, Cho CS. Recyclable Magnetic Cu-MOF-74-Catalyzed C(sp 2)-N Coupling and Cyclization under Microwave Irradiation: Synthesis of Imidazo[1,2- c]quinazolines and Their Analogues. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16218-16227. [PMID: 37179653 PMCID: PMC10173347 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic Cu-MOF-74 (Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu-MOF-74) was synthesized for the first time by grafting MOF-74 (copper as the metal center) on the surface of core-shell magnetic carboxyl-functionalized silica gel (Fe3O4@SiO2-COOH), which was prepared by coating core Fe3O4 nanoparticles with hydrolyzed 2-(3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl)succinic anhydride and tetraethyl orthosilicate. The structure of Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu-MOF-74 nanoparticles was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The prepared Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu-MOF-74 nanoparticles could be applied as a recyclable catalyst to the synthesis of N-fused hybrid scaffolds. 2-(2-Bromoaryl)imidazoles and 2-(2-bromovinyl)imidazoles were coupled and cyclized with cyanamide in DMF in the presence of a catalytic amount of Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu-MOF-74 along with a base to give imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines and imidazo[1,2-c]pyrimidines, respectively, in good yields. The Fe3O4@SiO2@Cu-MOF-74 catalyst could be easily recovered by a super magnetic bar and recycled more than four times while almost maintaining catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong
Weon Lee
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National
University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Pham Duy Quang Dao
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National
University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Lim
- Department
of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook
National University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Sik Cho
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Kyungpook National
University, 80 Daehakro, Bukgu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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Li M, Wang P, Zou Y, Wang W, Zhao Y, Liu M, Wu J, Zhang Y, Zhang N, Sun Y. Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) signals are implicated in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15625. [PMID: 37180910 PMCID: PMC10172877 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications regulate numerous biochemical reactions and functions through covalent attachment to proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation and ubiquitination account for over 90% of all reported post-translational modifications. As one of the tyrosine protein kinases, spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) plays crucial roles in many pathophysiological processes and affects the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases. SYK is expressed in tissues outside the hematopoietic system, especially the heart, and is involved in the progression of various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, heart failure, diabetic cardiomyopathy, stroke and others. Knowledge on the role of SYK in the progress of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases is accumulating, and many related mechanisms have been discovered and validated. This review summarizes the role of SYK in the progression of various cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, and aims to provide a theoretical basis for future experimental and clinical research targeting SYK as a therapeutic option for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengbo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zou
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanhui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Liu
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Naijin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yingxian Sun
- Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, 77 Puhe Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
- Corresponding author. Department of Cardiology, First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.
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Saxena M, Jadhav EB, Sankhla MS, Singhal M, Parihar K, Awasthi KK, Awasthi G. Bintaro (Cerbera odollam and Cerbera manghas): an overview of its eco-friendly use, pharmacology, and toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 30:10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w. [PMID: 36044149 PMCID: PMC9428885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bintaro is a tropical mangrove plant often used as a shade tree found in Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and the Islands of the Western Pacific Ocean. The word Bintaro is also often pinned to its closest relative species, the Cerbera odollam. Flower color is one of the distinguishing features between these two species. Human poisoning with the cardiotoxic plant Bintaro is common in Southeast Asia because it bears a fruit that yields a powerful poison that has been used for suicide and homicide, hence it is also called the "Indian suicide tree". The seeds of Bintaro contain Cerberin, a cardiac glycoside toxin of the heart that blocks the calcium ion channels in heart muscles, resulting in disruption of the heartbeat most often fatally. The bio-active compound in the kernels of Bintaro varies due to which plant possesses other properties as well. The plant may also be used for medicinal purposes as it shows many pharmaceutical properties. The seeds of the plant have auspicious anticancer properties through apoptotic activity and the leaf extract of the plant was screened for its antioxidant activities. In addition, it is also used as an insecticide, pesticide, or antifungal agent. This review highlights the Pharmaceutical, toxicological, and environmentally friendly approaches of Bintaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Ekta B. Jadhav
- Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Muskan Singhal
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Kapil Parihar
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Kumar V, Parate S, Danishuddin, Zeb A, Singh P, Lee G, Jung TS, Lee KW, Ha MW. 3D-QSAR-Based Pharmacophore Modeling, Virtual Screening, and Molecular Dynamics Simulations for the Identification of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:909111. [PMID: 35846777 PMCID: PMC9280624 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.909111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is an essential mediator of immune cell signaling and has been anticipated as a therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases, notably rheumatoid arthritis, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and cancers. Significant attempts have been undertaken in recent years to develop SYK inhibitors; however, limited success has been achieved due to poor pharmacokinetics and adverse effects of inhibitors. The primary goal of this research was to identify potential inhibitors having high affinity, selectivity based on key molecular interactions, and good drug-like properties than the available inhibitor, fostamatinib. In this study, a 3D-QSAR model was built for SYK based on known inhibitor IC50 values. The best pharmacophore model was then used as a 3D query to screen a drug-like database to retrieve hits with novel chemical scaffolds. The obtained compounds were subjected to binding affinity prediction using the molecular docking approach, and the results were subsequently validated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The simulated compounds were ranked according to binding free energy (ΔG), and the binding affinity was compared with fostamatinib. The binding mode analysis of selected compounds revealed that the hit compounds form hydrogen bond interactions with hinge region residue Ala451, glycine-rich loop residue Lys375, Ser379, and DFG motif Asp512. Identified hits were also observed to form a desirable interaction with Pro455 and Asn457, the rare feature observed in SYK inhibitors. Therefore, we argue that identified hit compounds ZINC98363745, ZINC98365358, ZINC98364133, and ZINC08789982 may help in drug design against SYK.
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Post-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Immune-Mediated Anemia: A Literature Review and Novel Therapeutics. Blood Adv 2021; 6:2707-2721. [PMID: 34972204 PMCID: PMC9043947 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be immune or non–immune mediated. Auto- or alloimmunity resulting from blood group incompatibility remains an important cause in post-HSCT immune-mediated anemia. ABO incompatibility is commonly encountered in HSCT and may lead to serious clinical complications, including acute hemolysis, pure red cell aplasia, and passenger lymphocyte syndrome. It remains controversial whether ABO incompatibility may affect HSCT outcomes, such as relapse, nonrelapse mortality, graft-versus-host disease, and survival. Non-ABO incompatibility is less frequently encountered but can have similar complications to ABO incompatibility, causing adverse clinical outcomes. It is crucial to identify the driving etiology of post-HSCT anemia in order to prevent and treat this condition. This requires a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of anemia in blood group–incompatible HSCT and the temporal association between HSCT and anemia. In this review, we summarize the literature on post-HSCT immune-mediated anemia with a focus on ABO and non-ABO blood group incompatibility, describe the underlying mechanism of anemia, and outline preventive and treatment approaches.
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8
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Zhou S, Huang G. Some important inhibitors and mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:930-943. [PMID: 34942050 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic disease that seriously affects human health and quality of life, and it is one of the main causes of labor loss and disability. Many countries have listed rheumatoid arthritis as one of the national a key diseases to tackle. The pathogenesis of RA in humans is still unknown, and medical researchers believe that the pathogenesis of RA may be the result of a combination of genetic and environmental factors. RA is an incurable condition that can only be controlled and treated with conventional drugs. In this paper, the pathologic features and pathogenesis of RA were introduced, and the research progress of new anti-rheumatoid arthritis chemical drugs in recent years was reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Zhou
- Chongqing Chemical Industry Vocational College, Chongqing, 401228, China.,College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Gangliang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, 401331, China
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Rahmawati L, Aziz N, Oh J, Hong YH, Woo BY, Hong YD, Manilack P, Souladeth P, Jung JH, Lee WS, Jeon MJ, Kim T, Hossain MA, Yum J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Cissus subtetragona Planch. Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in LPS-induced Macrophages, HCl/EtOH-induced Gastritis, and LPS-induced Lung Injury via Attenuation of Src and TAK1. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196073. [PMID: 34641616 PMCID: PMC8512965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Cissus species have been used and reported to possess medicinal benefits. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Cissus subtetragona have not been described. In this study, we examined the potential anti-inflammatory effects of C. subtetragona ethanol extract (Cs-EE) in vitro and in vivo, and investigated its molecular mechanism as well as its flavonoid content. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells and primary macrophages as well as LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis mouse models were utilized. Luciferase assays, immunoblotting analyses, overexpression strategies, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were performed to identify the molecular mechanisms and targets of Cs-EE. Cs-EE concentration-dependently reduced the secretion of NO and PGE2, inhibited the expression of inflammation-related cytokines in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and decreased NF-κB- and AP-1-luciferase activity. Subsequently, we determined that Cs-EE decreased the phosphorylation events of NF-κB and AP-1 pathways. Cs-EE treatment also significantly ameliorated the inflammatory symptoms of HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis and LPS-induced ALI mouse models. Overexpression of HA-Src and HA-TAK1 along with CETSA experiments validated that inhibited inflammatory responses are the outcome of attenuation of Src and TAK1 activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Cs-EE could be utilized as an anti-inflammatory remedy especially targeting against gastritis and acute lung injury by attenuating the activities of Src and TAK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laily Rahmawati
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Nur Aziz
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Jieun Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Byoung Young Woo
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Philaxay Manilack
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos;
| | - Phetlasy Souladeth
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane P.O. Box 7322, Laos;
| | - Ji Hwa Jung
- Division of Zoology, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Korea;
| | - Woo Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Mi Jeong Jeon
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jinwhoa Yum
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
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Huang X, Xu G. An Update on Targeted Treatment of IgA Nephropathy: An Autoimmune Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:715253. [PMID: 34497518 PMCID: PMC8419281 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.715253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulin (Ig) A nephropathy (IgAN) is the commonest form of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and is, considered a significant cause of end-stage renal disease in young adults. The precise pathogenesis of IgAN is unclear. The clinical and pathological features vary significantly between individuals and races, which makes treating IgAN difficult. Currently, the therapeutic strategies in IgAN are still optimal blood pressure control and proteinuria remission to improve the renal function in most cases. Immunosuppressive drugs such as corticosteroids can be considered in patients with persistent proteinuria and a high risk of renal function decline; however, they include a high toxicity profile. Therefore, the safety and selectivity of medications are critical concerns in the treatment of IgAN. Various pharmacological therapeutic targets have emerged based on the evolving understanding of the autoimmune pathogenesis of IgAN, which involves the immune response, mucosal immunity, renal inflammation, complement activation, and autophagy; treatments based on these mechanisms have been explored in preclinical and clinical studies. This review summarizes the progress concerning targeted therapeutic strategies and the relevant autoimmune pathogenesis in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gaosi Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Luo Y, Jiang Q, Zhu Z, Sattar H, Wu J, Huang W, Su S, Liang Y, Wang P, Meng X. Phosphoproteomics and Proteomics Reveal Metabolism as a Key Node in LPS-Induced Acute Inflammation in RAW264.7. Inflammation 2021; 43:1667-1679. [PMID: 32488682 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the acute inflammatory mechanisms, the modulation, and to investigate the key node in predicting inflammatory diseases, high-sensitivity LC-MS/MS-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics approaches were used to identify differential proteins in RAW264.7 macrophages with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Furthermore, differential proteins and their main biological process, as well as signaling pathways, were analyzed through bioinformatics techniques. The biological process comparison revealed 219 differential proteins and 405 differential phosphorylation proteins, including major regulatory factors of metabolism (PFKL, PGK1, GYS1, ACC, HSL, LDHA, RAB14, PRKAA1), inflammatory signaling transduction (IKKs, NF-κB, IRAK, IKBkb, PI3K, AKT), and apoptosis (MCL-1, BID, NOXA, SQSTM1). Label-free proteome demonstrated canonical inflammation signaling pathways such as the TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. Meanwhile, phosphoproteome revealed new areas of acute inflammation. Phosphoproteomics profiled that glycolysis was enhanced and lipid synthesis was increased. Overall, the AMPK signaling pathway is the key regulatory part in macrophages. These revealed that the early initiation phase of acute inflammation primarily regulated the phosphoproteins of glucose metabolic pathway and lipid synthesis to generate energy and molecules, along with the enhancement of pro-inflammatory factors, and further induced apoptosis. Phosphoproteomics provides new evidence for a complex network of specific but synergistically acting mechanisms confirming that metabolism has a key role in acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwen Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Haseeb Sattar
- International School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenge Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Su
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusheng Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Yiu WH, Chan KW, Chan LYY, Leung JCK, Lai KN, Tang SCW. Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition Ameliorates Tubular Inflammation in IgA Nephropathy. Front Physiol 2021; 12:650888. [PMID: 33790807 PMCID: PMC8006276 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.650888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase involved in signal transduction in a variety of immune responses. It has been demonstrated that Syk plays a pathogenic role in orchestrating inflammatory responses and cell proliferation in human mesangial cells (HMC) in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, whether Syk is involved in tubular damage in IgAN remains unknown. Using human kidney biopsy specimens, we found that Syk was activated in renal tubules of biopsy-proven IgAN patients with an increase in total and phosphorylated levels compared to that from healthy control subjects. In vitro, cultured proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) were stimulated with conditioned medium prepared from human mesangial cells incubated with polymeric IgA (IgA-HMC) from patients with IgAN or healthy control. Induction of IL-6, IL-8, and ICAM-1 synthesis from cultured PTECs incubated with IgA-HMC conditioned medium was significantly suppressed by treatment with the Syk inhibitor R406 compared to that from healthy control. Furthermore, R406 downregulated expression of phosphorylated p65 NF-κB and p-42/p-44 MAPK, and attenuated TNF-α-induced cytokine production in PTECs. Taken together, our findings suggest that Syk mediates IgA-HMC conditioned medium-induced inflammation in tubular cells via activation of NF-κB and p-42/p-44 MAPK signaling. Inhibition of Syk may be a potential therapeutic approach for tubulointerstitial injury in IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Han Yiu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Wa Chan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Loretta Y Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Joseph C K Leung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Kar Neng Lai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Sydney C W Tang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Kurniawan DW, Storm G, Prakash J, Bansal R. Role of spleen tyrosine kinase in liver diseases. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1005-1019. [PMID: 32205992 PMCID: PMC7081001 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i10.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase expressed in most hematopoietic cells and non-hematopoietic cells and play a crucial role in both immune and non-immune biological responses. SYK mediate diverse cellular responses via an immune-receptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs)-dependent signalling pathways, ITAMs-independent and ITAMs-semi-dependent signalling pathways. In liver, SYK expression has been observed in parenchymal (hepatocytes) and non-parenchymal cells (hepatic stellate cells and Kupffer cells), and found to be positively correlated with the disease severity. The implication of SYK pathway has been reported in different liver diseases including liver fibrosis, viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Antagonism of SYK pathway using kinase inhibitors have shown to attenuate the progression of liver diseases thereby suggesting SYK as a highly promising therapeutic target. This review summarizes the current understanding of SYK and its therapeutic implication in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto 53132, Indonesia
| | - Gert Storm
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Utrecht, Utrecht 3454, the Netherlands
| | - Jai Prakash
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
| | - Ruchi Bansal
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Technical Medical Centre, University of Twente, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Enschede 7500, the Netherlands
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14
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Wang B, Li M, Gao H, Sun X, Gao B, Zhang Y, Yu L. Chemical composition of tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum gypenosides and their suppression on inflammatory response by NF-κB/MAPKs/AP-1 signaling pathways. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:1197-1207. [PMID: 32148825 PMCID: PMC7020333 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activity of gypenosides isolated from tetraploid Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) leaves were investigated. The gypenosides accounted for 7.43 mg/g of the tested GP sample, which were composed of four major saponins including isomers of gypenoside 1 and 2 (C47H76O18), 3 (C47H76O17), and 4 (C46H74O17). Pretreatment of gypenosides reduced mRNA expressions of the proinflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells, such as IL-6, IL-1β, COX-2, and TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner. The secreted protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and NO production were also decreased by gypenosides within the concentration range of 50-200 μg/ml. Moreover, the mechanism studies demonstrated that gypenosides (200 μg/ml) treatment significantly inhibited the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB and activator protein 1 (c-Fos and c-Jun) through down-regulating the phosphorylation of their upstream IκB kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), especially that of c-Jun N-terminal kinase and extracellular regulated protein kinase(JNK and ERK), but not that of the p38 MAPK. These results suggested that the gypenosides might have potential anti-inflammatory effect and use for improving human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Wang
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hang Gao
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiangjun Sun
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Boyan Gao
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yaqiong Zhang
- Department of Food Science & EngineeringSchool of Agriculture and BiologyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Liangli Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food ScienceUniversity of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA
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15
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Several critical genes and microRNAs associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome. ANNALES D'ENDOCRINOLOGIE 2019; 81:18-27. [PMID: 32127169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify key genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS GSE84376 mRNA microarray data (15 PCOS granulosa cells and 13 control granulosa cells) and GSE34526 mRNA microarray data (7 PCOS granulosa cells and 3 control granulosa cells) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. First, differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for differentially expressed mRNAs, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were conducted. Next, miRNA-target genes were analyzed and functions predicted, and a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was constructed. Finally, the relationship between miR-486-5p and PRELID2 was experimentally validated. RESULTS Spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK), major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha (HLA-DRA), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) were important nodes in the PPI network. Interestingly, HLA-DRA was significantly enriched in phagosomes mediated by Staphylococcus aureus infection, and in IL-10 enriched during S. aureus infection. One miRNA (miR-486-5p) and a single target gene (PRELID2) were obtained from the ceRNA network. Further experiments showed that miR-486-5p is upregulated and PRELID2 is downregulated in PCOS patient granulosa cells, and that miR-486-5p targets the PRELID2 3'UTR. Topological property analysis showed that hsa-miR-4687-5p downregulation and hsa-miR-4651 upregulation determined the levels of most mRNAs. Levels of the hsa-miR-4651 target gene were significantly enriched in the leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HLA-DRA and IL-10 may contribute to PCOS progression via phagosome enriched by S. aureus infection, while miR-486-5p may be implicated in follicular development in PCOS by targeting PRELID2. Besides, miR-4651 may be involved in inflammation via leukocyte transendothelial migration, by regulating its target gene. These findings may indicate new directions and constitute a breakthrough in studying the pathophysiology of PCOS.
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Chao J, Han X, Liu K, Li Q, Peng Q, Lu S, Zhu X, Hu G, Dong Y, Hu C, Chen Y, Chen J, Khan FA, Chen H, Guo AA. Calves Infected with Virulent and Attenuated Mycoplasma bovis Strains Have Upregulated Th17 Inflammatory and Th1 Protective Responses, Respectively. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10090656. [PMID: 31466385 PMCID: PMC6770603 DOI: 10.3390/genes10090656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis is a critical bovine pathogen, but its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Here, the virulent HB0801 (P1) and attenuated HB0801-P150 (P150) strains of M. bovis were used to explore the potential pathogenesis and effect of induced immunity from calves’ differential transcriptomes post infection. Nine one-month-old male calves were infected with P1, P150, or mock-infected with medium and euthanized at 60 days post-infection. Calves in P1 group exhibited other clinical signs and pathological changes compared to the other two groups. Transcriptome profiles of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed seven and 10 hub differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in P1 and P150 groups compared with mock-infected group, respectively. Then, P1-induced pathogenesis was predicted to be associated with enhanced Th17, and P150-induced immunity with Th1 response and expression of ubiquitination-associated enzymes. Association analysis showed that 14 and 11 DEGs were positively and negatively correlated with pathological changes, respectively. Furthermore, up-regulated expression in molecules critical to differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells in lung and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in P1 group was validated at RNA and protein levels. The results confirmed virulent and attenuated strains might be associated with biased differentiation of pro-inflammatory pathogenic Th17 and Th1 subsets respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chao
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qingni Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | | | - Siyi Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xifang Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guyue Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yaqi Dong
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Changmin Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingyu Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianguo Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Farhan Anwar Khan
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - And Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Veterinary Epidemiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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17
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Su Y, Xiong S, Lan H, Xu L, Wei X. Molecular mechanism underlying anti-inflammatory activities of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether through suppression of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in in vitro and in vivo models. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:321-332. [PMID: 31129419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether via inhibition of multiple signaling pathways in both in vitro and in vivo pharmacological models. To determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the lirioresinol B dimethyl ether, RAW 264.7 macrophages challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were treated with various concentrations of lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (5, 15, 25, and 50 μM). The results indicated that pretreatment with lirioresinol B dimethyl ether significantly suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation, nitric oxide (NO) production, the protein expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether inhibited LPS-induced activation of production of pro-inflammatory cytokines as well as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) release. The results obtained by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) demonstrated a concentration dependent reduction of the LPS-stimulated activation of NF-κB and activator protein-1 (AP-1) by lirioresinol B dimethyl ether in in vitro and in vivo models. Moreover, lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also reduced the expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 protein and myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) as well as promoted the degradation of IκBα. Lirioresinol B dimethyl ether also significantly down-regulated the phosphorylation of Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p-38 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Furthermore, the results of acute and chronic inflammation demonstrated that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (10 and 50 mg per kg) reduced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan- and Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced in vivo mouse models, respectively. Hence, the current results indicate that lirioresinol B dimethyl ether either act by inhibiting pro-inflammatory mediators through down-regulation of mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways and reduction of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshu Su
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Sizheng Xiong
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Hongwen Lan
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China
| | - Lijun Xu
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
| | - Xiang Wei
- Department of Cardiothorasic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.
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18
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritus, inflammatory erythematous skin lesions, and skin-barrier defect. Current mainstay treatments of emollients, steroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and immunosuppressants have limited efficacy and potentially serious side effects. Recent advances and understanding of the pathogenesis of AD have resulted in new therapies that target specific pathways with increased efficacy and the potential for less systemic side effects. New FDA-approved therapies for AD are crisaborole and dupilumab. The JAK-STAT inhibitors (baricitinib, upadacitinib, PF-04965842, ASN002, tofacitinib, ruxolitinib, and delgocitinib) have the most promising results of the emerging therapies. Other drugs with potential include the aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulating agent tapinarof, the IL-4/IL-13 antagonists lebrikizumab and tralokinumab, and the IL-31Rα antagonist nemolizumab. In this review, new and emerging AD therapies will be discussed along with their mechanisms of action and their potential based on clinical study data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry L Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Katelyn R Anderson
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA
| | - Megha M Tollefson
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
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19
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El-Sharief MA, Abbas SY, El-Sharief AM, Sabry NM, Moussa Z, El-Messery SM, Elsheakh AR, Hassan GS, El Sayed MT. 5-Thioxoimidazolidine-2-one derivatives: Synthesis, anti-inflammatory activity, analgesic activity, COX inhibition assay and molecular modelling study. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:679-687. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Jeong SG, Kim S, Kim HG, Kim E, Jeong D, Kim JH, Yang WS, Oh J, Sung GH, Hossain MA, Lee J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Mycetia cauliflora methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by directly targeting PDK1 in the NF-κB pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 231:1-9. [PMID: 30415059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mycetia cauliflora Reinw. (Rubiaceae) has been used as a traditional remedy to ameliorate clinical signs of inflammatory diseases, including pain, inflammation, ulcers, and wounds. Among the Mycetia subfamilies, the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Mycetia longifolia (Rubiaceae) have been studied. However, those of Mycetia cauliflora are not clearly understood. Comprehensive investigation of this plant is necessary to evaluate its potential for ethnopharmacological use. MATERIALS and methods: The activities of Mycetia cauliflora methanol extract (Mc-ME) on the secretion of inflammatory mediators, the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and identification of its molecular targets were elucidated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-like cells. Moreover, the suppressive actions of Mc-ME were examined in an LPS-induced peritonitis mouse model. RESULTS At nontoxic concentrations, Mc-ME downregulated the release of nitric oxide (NO), the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and the mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-1β from LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. This extract also inhibited the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 and the phosphorylation of IκBα, IKK, and AKT. Western blot analysis and in vitro kinase assays confirmed that phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) is the direct immunopharmacological target of Mc-ME effect. In addition, Mc-ME significantly reduced inflammatory signs in an animal model of acute peritonitis. These effects were associated with decreased NO production and decreased AKT phosphorylation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Mc-ME displays anti-inflammatory actions in LPS-treated macrophage-like cells and in an animal model of acute inflammatory disease. These actions are preferentially managed by targeting PDK1 in the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Gu Jeong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunggyu Kim
- Research and Business Foundation, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eunji Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Oh
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Slomiany BL, Slomiany A. Syk: a new target for attenuation of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric mucosal inflammatory responses. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:203-211. [PMID: 30820719 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00577-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of gastric mucosal inflammatory response to H. pylori relies primarily on the extent of its key endotoxin, LPS, engagement of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and the initiation of signal transduction events converging on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and IκB complex (IKK) cascades. These cascades, in turn, exert their control over the assembly of transcription factors, NFκB and AP1, implicated in the induction of the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proinflammatory genes. The LPS-induced TLR4 activation and the ensuing phosphorylation of its intracellular tyrosine domain by Src-family kinases not only leads to recruitment to the cytoplasmic domain of TLR4 of adaptor molecules directly involved in propagation of the signaling cascades converging on MAPK and IKK, but also provides a propitious docking site for a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), the activation of which apparently leads to upregulation in the expression of proinflammatory genes. Here, we review the pathways engaged by H. pylori in the recruitment and interaction of Syk with TLR4 in gastric mucosa, and discuss the cascades involved in Syk-mediated amplification in proinflammatory signaling. We focus, moreover, on the potential role of drugs targeting Syk and TLR4 in the treatment of H. pylori-related gastric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bronislaw L Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA.
| | - Amalia Slomiany
- Research Center, C855, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 110 Bergen Street, PO Box 1709, Newark, NJ, 07103-2400, USA
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Kim HG, Kim MY, Cho JY. Alisma canaliculatum ethanol extract suppresses inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages, HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis, and DSS-triggered colitis by targeting Src/Syk and TAK1 activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 219:202-212. [PMID: 29574093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché, distributed in Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan, is a traditional medicine. In particular, the stem and root of Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché are prescribed to relieve various inflammatory symptoms resulting from nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, and dropsy. AIM OF STUDY However, the curative mechanism of Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché with respect to inflammatory symptoms is poorly understood. In this study, the curative roles of this plant in various inflammatory conditions as well as its inhibitory mechanism were aimed to examine using an ethanol extract (Ac-EE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effects of Ac-EE were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages in vitro and HCl/EtOH-stimulated mouse model of gastritis and DSS-treated mouse model of colitis. To determine the potentially active anti-inflammatory components in this extracts, we employed HPLC. We also used kinase assays, reporter gene assay, immunoprecipitation analysis and target enzyme overexpressing cell analysis to analyze the molecular mechanisms and the target molecules. RESULTS This extract dose-dependently inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, Ac-EE ameliorated inflammatory symptoms resulting from gastritis and colitis. Ac-EE down-regulated the mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Ac-EE also blocked the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein (AP)- 1 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. By analyzing the target signaling molecules activating these transcription factors, we found that Src and Syk, as well as molecular association between TAK1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4/7 (MKK4/7), were targeted by Ac-EE. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the Ac-EE NF-κB/AP-1-targeted anti-inflammatory potential is mediated by suppression of Src and Syk as well as the complex formation between TAK1 and its substrate proteins MKK4/7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongs il University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Bryan MC, Rajapaksa NS. Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Immunological Disorders: Recent Advances. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9030-9058. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marian C. Bryan
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Naomi S. Rajapaksa
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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Park SB, Park GH, Um Y, Kim HN, Song HM, Kim N, Kim HS, Jeong JB. Wood-cultivated ginseng exerts anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:327-334. [PMID: 29751039 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been reported to exert an anti-inflammatory activity in a variety of inflammatory condition. However, inflammation-regulatory activity of wood-cultivated ginseng has not been thoroughly evaluated. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of wood-cultivated ginseng (WCG) and elucidated the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. WCG-O dose-dependently suppressed NO and PGE2 production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, WCG-O attenuated LPS-mediated overexpression of iNOS and COX-2. In addition, WCG-O blocked the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. WCG-O inhibited the activation of IκK-α/β, the phosphorylation of IκB-α, and degradation of IκB-α, which results in the inhibition of p65 nuclear accumulation and NF-κB activation. In addition, WCG-O suppressed the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK, which results in the inhibition of ATF2 nuclear accumulation. These results indicate that WCG-O may exert anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. From these findings, WCG-O has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Bin Park
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Park
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Yurry Um
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Na Kim
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Min Song
- Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, Bonghwa 36209, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyun Kim
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Kim
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Boo Jeong
- Department of Medicinal Plant Resources, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea; Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, 36729, Republic of Korea.
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Tabetri™ ( Tabebuia avellanedae Ethanol Extract) Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:9079527. [PMID: 29736153 PMCID: PMC5874978 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9079527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tabebuia avellanedae has been traditionally used as an herbal remedy to alleviate various diseases. However, the plant's pharmacological activity in allergic and inflammatory diseases and its underlying mechanism are not fully understood. Therefore, we investigated the pharmacological activity of Tabetri (T. avellanedae ethanol extract (Ta-EE)) in the pathogenesis of AD. Its underlying mechanism was explored using an AD mouse model and splenocytes isolated from this model. Ta-EE ameliorated the AD symptoms without any toxicity and protected the skin of 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene- (DNCB-) induced AD mice from damage and epidermal thickness. Ta-EE reduced the secreted levels of allergic and proinflammatory cytokines, including histamine, immunoglobulin E (IgE), interleukin- (IL-) 4, and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the DNCB-induced AD mice. Ta-EE suppressed the mRNA expression of T helper 2-specific cytokines, IL-4 and IL-5, and the proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ in the atopic dermatitis skin lesions of AD mice. Moreover, Ta-EE suppressed the mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IFN-γ, and another proinflammatory cytokine, IL-12, in the Con A-stimulated splenocytes. It also suppressed IL-12 and IFN-γ in the LPS-stimulated splenocytes. Taken together, these results suggest that Ta-EE protects against the development of AD through the inhibition of mRNA expression of T helper 2-specific cytokines and other proinflammatory cytokines.
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Yi YS. Role of inflammasomes in inflammatory autoimmune rheumatic diseases. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 22:1-15. [PMID: 29302207 PMCID: PMC5746506 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are intracellular multiprotein complexes that coordinate anti-pathogenic host defense during inflammatory responses in myeloid cells, especially macrophages. Inflammasome activation leads to activation of caspase-1, resulting in the induction of pyroptosis and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Although the inflammatory response is an innate host defense mechanism, chronic inflammation is the main cause of rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Since rheumatic diseases are inflammatory/autoimmune disorders, it is reasonable to hypothesize that inflammasomes activated during the inflammatory response play a pivotal role in development and progression of these diseases. Indeed, previous studies have provided important observations that inflammasomes are actively involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on several types of inflammasomes during macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and discuss recent research regarding the role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases. This avenue of research could provide new insights for the development of promising therapeutics to treat inflammatory/autoimmune rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
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27
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Tabetri™ ( Tabebuia avellanedae Ethanol Extract) Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Symptoms Induced by Monoiodoacetate through Its Anti-Inflammatory and Chondroprotective Activities. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3619879. [PMID: 29317792 PMCID: PMC5727801 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3619879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Although osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease characterized by the degradation of joint articular cartilage and subchondral bones, is generally regarded as a degenerative rather than inflammatory disease, recent studies have indicated the involvement of inflammation in OA pathogenesis. Tabebuia avellanedae has long been used to treat various diseases; however, its role in inflammatory response and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, the pharmacological effects of Tabetri (Tabebuia avellanedae ethanol extract (Ta-EE)) on OA pathogenesis induced by monoiodoacetate (MIA) and the underlying mechanisms were investigated using experiments with a rat model and in vitro cellular models. In the animal model, Ta-EE significantly ameliorated OA symptoms and reduced the serum levels of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines without any toxicity. The anti-inflammatory activity of Ta-EE was further confirmed in a macrophage-like cell line (RAW264.7). Ta-EE dramatically suppressed the production and mRNA expressions of inflammatory mediators and proinflammatory cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity. Finally, the chondroprotective effect of Ta-EE was examined in a chondrosarcoma cell line (SW1353). Ta-EE markedly suppressed the mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase genes. The anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective activities of Ta-EE were attributed to the targeting of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling pathways in macrophages and chondrocytes.
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28
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Kim Y, Kim HG, Han SY, Jeong D, Yang WS, Kim JI, Kim JH, Yi YS, Cho JY. Hydroquinone suppresses IFN-β expression by targeting AKT/IRF3 pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:547-554. [PMID: 28883758 PMCID: PMC5587604 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.5.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated the role of hydroquinone (HQ), a hydroxylated benzene metabolite, in modulating various immune responses; however, its role in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses is not fully understood. In this study, the role of HQ in inflammatory responses and the underlying molecular mechanism were explored in macrophages. HQ down-regulated the expression of interferon (IFN)-β mRNA in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without any cytotoxicity and suppressed interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-3-mediated luciferase activity induced by TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β (TRIF) and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). A mechanism study revealed that HQ inhibited IRF-3 phosphorylation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TRIF, and AKT by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, an upstream kinase of the IRF-3 signaling pathway. IRF-3 phosphorylation is highly induced by wild-type AKT and poorly induced by an AKT mutant, AKT C310A, which is mutated at an inhibitory target site of HQ. We also showed that HQ inhibited IRF-3 phosphorylation by targeting all three AKT isoforms (AKT1, AKT2, and AKT3) in RAW264.7 cells and suppressed IRF-3-mediated luciferase activities induced by AKT in HEK293 cells. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that HQ inhibits the production of a type I IFN, IFN-β, by targeting AKTs in the IRF-3 signaling pathway during macrophage-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Sang Yun Han
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Woo Seok Yang
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Jung-Il Kim
- Department of Information Statistics, Kangwon National University, Chucheon 24341, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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29
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Oxindole-based SYK and JAK3 dual inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis: designing, synthesis and biological evaluation. Future Med Chem 2017; 9:1193-1211. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Autoimmune disorders have complex pathophysiology and focus is laid on the development of multitargeted agents. Two well-established kinases: SYK and JAK3, were considered to design dual inhibitors as potential therapeutics using various molecular-modeling approaches. Mehodology: Pharmacophore models for SYK and JAK3 were generated using oxindole-based inhibitors. Furthermore, an in-house database was designed that was screened against the best selected models. The obtained hits were employed for docking analysis and subjected to MM-GBSA analysis and molecular dynamic simulation. Results: Top five oxindole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro SYK and JAK3 activity. The most active compound 4a was evaluated for in vivo antiarthritic activity. It showed significant anti-arthritic activity. Conclusion: Thus, the designed inhibitors resulted in potential therapeutic agents for rheumatoid arthritis.
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30
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Syk inhibitors interfere with erythrocyte membrane modification during P falciparum growth and suppress parasite egress. Blood 2017. [PMID: 28634183 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-11-748053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Band 3 (also known as the anion exchanger, SLCA1, AE1) constitutes the major attachment site of the spectrin-based cytoskeleton to the erythrocyte's lipid bilayer and thereby contributes critically to the stability of the red cell membrane. During the intraerythrocytic stage of Plasmodium falciparum's lifecycle, band 3 becomes tyrosine phosphorylated in response to oxidative stress, leading to a decrease in its affinity for the spectrin/actin cytoskeleton and causing global membrane destabilization. Because this membrane weakening is hypothesized to facilitate parasite egress and the consequent dissemination of released merozoites throughout the bloodstream, we decided to explore which tyrosine kinase inhibitors might block the kinase-induced membrane destabilization. We demonstrate here that multiple Syk kinase inhibitors both prevent parasite-induced band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation and inhibit parasite-promoted membrane destabilization. We also show that the same Syk kinase inhibitors suppress merozoite egress near the end of the parasite's intraerythrocytic lifecycle. Because the entrapped merozoites die when prevented from escaping their host erythrocytes and because some Syk inhibitors have displayed long-term safety in human clinical trials, we suggest Syk kinase inhibitors constitute a promising class of antimalarial drugs that can suppress parasitemia by inhibiting a host target that cannot be mutated by the parasite to evolve drug resistance.
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Yi YS, Kim MY, Cho JY. JS-III-49, a hydroquinone derivative, exerts anti-inflammatory activity by targeting Akt and p38. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:345-352. [PMID: 28461777 PMCID: PMC5409119 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.3.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 01/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Since previous studies have reported that hydroquinone (HQ) exerted immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory activity, various HQ derivatives have been synthesized and their biological activities investigated. In this study, we explored the anti-inflammatory activity of JS-III-49, a novel HQ derivative, in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. JS-III-49 suppressed the production of the inflammatory mediators nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and down-regulated the mRNA expression of the inflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) as well as the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1b without cytotoxicity in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. JS-III-49 inhibited nuclear translocation of the NF-kB transcription factors p65 and p50 by directly targeting Akt, an upstream kinase of the NF-kB pathway, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. However, JS-III-49 did not directly inhibit the kinase activities of Src and Syk, which are upstream kinases of Akt, in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, JS-III-49 suppressed the nuclear translocation of c-Fos, one of the components of AP-1, by specifically targeting p38, an upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the AP-1 pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that JS-III-49 plays an anti-inflammatory role in LPS-stimulated macrophages by targeting Akt and p38 in the NF-kB and AP-1 pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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Kitai M, Fukuda N, Ueno T, Endo M, Maruyama T, Abe M, Okada K, Soma M, Matsumoto K. Effects of a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor on progression of the lupus nephritis in mice. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 134:29-36. [PMID: 28479222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fc receptors (FcR) have pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune glomerulonephritis. We therefore investigated the effects of a Syk inhibitor on the progression of lupus nephritis and SH3 domain binding protein 2 and p38MAP kinase signalings in mice. NZB/W F1 mice, a model of lupus nephritis, received a Syk inhibitor R406. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that R406 treatment significantly delayed the appearance of proteinuria, histologically improved their glomerulosclerosis and inhibited the increased the expression of MCP-1 and TGF-β1 mRNAs and the nephrin and podocin proteins in the kidney. The treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of 3BP2 in white blood cells from the spleen and significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of p38MAPK in the kidney but did not affect expression of neonatal Fc receptor. These findings indicate the important roles and mechanisms of Fcγ receptors I and III in the development of autoimmune glomerulonephritis and suggest the possible application of Syk inhibitors as novel medicines for the glomerulonephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maki Kitai
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Fukuda
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Research Center of Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ueno
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Morito Endo
- Faculty of Human Health Science, Hachinohe Gakuin University, Hachinohe, Aomori, Japan
| | - Takashi Maruyama
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Abe
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Okada
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Soma
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsumoto
- Division of Nephrology Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Yi YS, Cho JY, Kim D. Cerbera manghas methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by targeting c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the AP-1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:387-396. [PMID: 27562319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerbera manghas L. (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to ameliorate the clinical signs of inflammatory diseases and hypertension. AIM OF STUDY Although C. manghas L. has long been used as a traditional remedy for various diseases, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. A detailed investigation of these mechanisms is necessary to demonstrate the ethnopharmaceutical utility of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of C. manghas methanol extract (Cm-ME) on the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and identification of molecular targets were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages in vitro. In addition, the inhibitory effects of Cm-ME orally administered were tested by LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced hepatitis and LPS-induced peritonitis mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Cm-ME downregulated the production of prostaglandin (PG)E2 and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells under non-toxic concentration of Cm-ME. This extract inhibited the nuclear translocation of c-Jun and p-ATF2, the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, and AP-1 activity. Western blot analysis and in vitro kinase assay confirmed that JNK is a direct pharmacological target of Cm-ME action. In addition, Cm-ME significantly ameliorated the clinical signs of LPS/D-GalN-induced hepatitis and lowered the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the phosphorylation of JNK in LPS-induced peritonitis conditions. CONCLUSION Cm-ME exerts anti-inflammatory actions on LPS-stimulated macrophages and in mouse models of acute inflammatory disease. These actions are predominantly mediated by targeting JNK in the AP-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-informatics, Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dankook University, Republic of Korea.
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Hoemann M, Wilson N, Argiriadi M, Banach D, Burchat A, Calderwood D, Clapham B, Cox P, Duignan DB, Konopacki D, Somal G, Vasudevan A. Synthesis and optimization of furano[3,2-d]pyrimidines as selective spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5562-5567. [PMID: 27789138 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of furano[3,2-d]pyrimidine Syk inhibitors were synthesized and optimized for their enzyme potency and selectivity versus other kinases. In addition, ADME properties were assessed and compounds were prepared with optimized profiles for in vivo experiments. Compound 23 was identified as having acceptable pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrated efficacy in a rat collagen induced arthritis model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hoemann
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Noel Wilson
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - Maria Argiriadi
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - David Banach
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Andrew Burchat
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - David Calderwood
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Bruce Clapham
- Reset Therapeutics, One Corporate Drive, South San Francisco, CA 94080, United States(†)
| | - Phil Cox
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
| | - David B Duignan
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Don Konopacki
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Gagandeep Somal
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, 100 Research Dr., Worcester, MA 01545, United States
| | - Anil Vasudevan
- AbbVie, 1 North Waukegan Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, United States
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35
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Baek KS, Yi YS, Son YJ, Yoo S, Sung NY, Kim Y, Hong S, Aravinthan A, Kim JH, Cho JY. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Korean Red Ginseng-derived components. J Ginseng Res 2016; 40:437-444. [PMID: 27746698 PMCID: PMC5052440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been traditionally used for a long time, its anti-inflammatory role and underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms have been poorly understood. In this study, the anti-inflammatory roles of KRG-derived components, namely, water extract (KRG-WE), saponin fraction (KRG-SF), and nonsaponin fraction (KRG-NSF), were investigated. Methods To check saponin levels in the test fractions, KRG-WE, KRG-NSF, and KRG-SF were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The anti-inflammatory roles and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of these components were investigated using a macrophage-like cell line (RAW264.7 cells) and an acute gastritis model in mice. Results Of the tested fractions, KGR-SF (but not KRG-NSF and KRG-WE) markedly inhibited the viability of RAW264.7 cells, and splenocytes at more than 500 μg/mL significantly suppressed NO production at 100 μg/mL, diminished mRNA expression of inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-β at 200 μg/mL, and completely blocked phagocytic uptake by RAW264.7 cells. All three fractions suppressed luciferase activity triggered by interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), but not that triggered by activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B. Phospho-IRF3 and phospho-TBK1 were simultaneously decreased in KRG-SF. Interestingly, all these fractions, when orally administered, clearly ameliorated the symptoms of gastric ulcer in HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis mice. Conclusion These results suggest that KRG-WE, KRG-NSF, and KRG-SF might have anti-inflammatory properties, mostly because of the suppression of the IRF3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Baek
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Sulgi Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nak Yoon Sung
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Adithan Aravinthan
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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36
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Functional Role of Milk Fat Globule-Epidermal Growth Factor VIII in Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses and Inflammatory/Autoimmune Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:5628486. [PMID: 27429513 PMCID: PMC4939324 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5628486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation involves a series of complex biological processes mediated by innate immunity for host defense against pathogen infection. Chronic inflammation is considered to be one of the major causes of serious diseases, including a number of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) is a secreted protein found in vertebrates and was initially discovered as a critical component of the milk fat globule. Previously, a number of studies have reported that MFG-E8 contributes to various biological functions including the phagocytic removal of damaged and apoptotic cells from tissues, the induction of VEGF-mediated neovascularization, the maintenance of intestinal epithelial homeostasis, and the promotion of mucosal healing. Recently, emerging studies have reported that MFG-E8 plays a role in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. This review describes the characteristics of MFG-E8-mediated signaling pathways, summarizes recent findings supporting the roles of MFG-E8 in inflammatory responses and inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, and discusses MFG-E8 targeting as a potential therapeutic strategy for the development of anti-inflammatory/autoimmune disease drugs.
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Hall AP, Mitchard T, Rolf MG, Stewart J, Duffy P. Femoral Head Growth Plate Dysplasia and Fracture in Juvenile Rabbits Induced by Off-target Antiangiogenic Treatment. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:866-73. [PMID: 27162053 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316646483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epiphyseal growth plate dysplasia (chondrodysplasia) might be considered as the pathognomonic feature of antiangiogenic treatment in preclinical species as it is reliably and dose-responsively induced in rodents and monkeys with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptor inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, and vascular targeting agents. Here we report epiphyseal growth plate dysplasia in juvenile rabbits treated with an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor induced by off-target antiangiogenic inhibition of VEGF and FGF family kinase receptors. Epiphyseal growth plate dysplasia resulted in weakening and fracturing of the femoral head physis in 6 of 10 male and 1 of 10 female animals as well as microfracturing and dysplasia of the distal femoral articular cartilage in 1 male animal. Fracture lines ran through the zone of hypertrophic cartilage (as well as adjacent zones), were orientated parallel to the physeal plane, and often involved displacement of the femoral head. We would suggest that the high prevalence of growth plate fracture in the rabbit may represent a potential additional adverse risk to those already established for children treated with antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Peter Hall
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
| | - T Mitchard
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
| | - M G Rolf
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Pepparedsleden, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J Stewart
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
| | - P Duffy
- AstraZeneca, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Macclesfield, Cheshire, UK
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Fostamatinib, an oral spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rheumatol Int 2016; 36:1077-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-016-3482-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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39
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Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Mediates EGFR Signaling to Regulate Keratinocyte Terminal Differentiation. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:192-201. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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40
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Martiny VY, Martz F, Selwa E, Iorga BI. Blind Pose Prediction, Scoring, and Affinity Ranking of the CSAR 2014 Dataset. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 56:996-1003. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Y. Martiny
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Department
of Nephrology and Dialysis, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, INSERM UMR_S 1155, 75020 Paris, France
| | - François Martz
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Edithe Selwa
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Bogdan I. Iorga
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, LabEx LERMIT, 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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41
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Can G, Ayvaz S, Can H, Demirtas S, Aksit H, Yilmaz B, Korkmaz U, Kurt M, Karaca T. The Syk Inhibitor Fostamatinib Decreases the Severity of Colonic Mucosal Damage in a Rodent Model of Colitis. J Crohns Colitis 2015; 9:907-17. [PMID: 26116555 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal system. In some cases, current medications used for inflammatory bowel disease may not be enough for remission, creating a need for more potent and reliable medications. There is no study showing the efficacy of fostamatinib, with proven effects on some inflammatory diseases, on ulcerative colitis. In our study we planned to research the efficacy of fostamatinib, a spleen tyrosine kinase inhibitor, on acetic acid-induced colitis. METHODS The study included 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats, randomly divided into control group, fostamatinib group, colitis group and fostamatinib + colitis group, each containing seven rats. Colitis induction was performed with 4% acetic acid. Colonic inflammation was assessed with disease activity index, macroscopic and histological damage scores, colonic myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase activity, and tumour necrosis factor alpha [TNFα], CD3, Syk, and phospho-Syk expression. RESULTS There was a significant difference between the colitis and control groups in terms of all parameters. The disease activity index, macroscopic and microscopic damage scores, immunohistochemical TNFα, CD3, Syk, and phospho-Syk expression, and tissue myeloperoxidase activity were found to be significantly lower in the colitis + fostamatinib group compared with the colitis group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde activity. CONCLUSIONS Fostamatinib reduced the inflammatory damage in the experimental colitis. This effect may be due to suppression of TNFα, T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils in colonic mucosa via suppression of Syk. Fostamatinib may be an appropriate treatment alternative for ulcerative colitis. Further clinical studies are required to support this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guray Can
- Department of Gastroenterology, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Suleyman Ayvaz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Trakya University Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hatice Can
- Department of Internal Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Selim Demirtas
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Hasan Aksit
- Department of Biochemistry, Balıkesir University Faculty of Veterinary, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Bulent Yilmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bolu İzzet Baysal State Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Ugur Korkmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Bolu İzzet Baysal State Hospital, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Mevlut Kurt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Turan Karaca
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Trakya University, Faculty of Medicine, Edirne, Turkey
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ZHANG ZUOFU, CAO CHUNNI, SUN SHUI, XU QIANG. Selective spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition delays autoimmune arthritis in mice. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:2902-6. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Navarro-Núñez L, Pollitt AY, Lowe K, Latif A, Nash GB, Watson SP. Platelet adhesion to podoplanin under flow is mediated by the receptor CLEC-2 and stabilised by Src/Syk-dependent platelet signalling. Thromb Haemost 2015; 113:1109-20. [PMID: 25694214 PMCID: PMC4990172 DOI: 10.1160/th14-09-0762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-specific deletion of CLEC-2, which signals through Src and Syk kinases, or global deletion of its ligand podoplanin results in blood-filled lymphatics during mouse development. Platelet-specific Syk deficiency phenocopies this defect, indicating that platelet activation is required for lymphatic development. In the present study, we investigated whether CLEC-2-podoplanin interactions could support platelet arrest from blood flow and whether platelet signalling is required for stable platelet adhesion to lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and recombinant podoplanin under flow. Perfusion of human or mouse blood over human LEC monolayers led to platelet adhesion and aggregation. Following αIIbβ3 blockade, individual platelets still adhered. Platelet binding occurred at venous but not arterial shear rates. There was no adhesion using CLEC-2-deficient blood or to vascular endothelial cells (which lack podoplanin). Perfusion of human blood over human Fc-podoplanin (hFcPDPN) in the presence of monoclonal antibody IV.3 to block FcγRIIA receptors led to platelet arrest at similar shear rates to those used on LECs. Src and Syk inhibitors significantly reduced global adhesion of human or mouse platelets to LECs and hFcPDPN. A similar result was seen using Syk-deficient mouse platelets. Reduced platelet adhesion was due to a decrease in the stability of binding. In conclusion, our data reveal that CLEC-2 is an adhesive receptor that supports platelet arrest to podoplanin under venous shear. Src/Syk-dependent signalling stabilises platelet adhesion to podoplanin, providing a possible molecular mechanism contributing to the lymphatic defects of Syk-deficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyre Navarro-Núñez
- Leyre Navarro-Núñez, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1214158678; Fax: +44 1214158817, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | - Steve P Watson
- Steve P. Watson, Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute for Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom, Tel.: +44 1214158678; Fax: +44 1214158817, E-mail: s.
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Umeyama H, Iwadate M, Taguchi YH. <i>In silico</i> Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Screening by ChooseLD. IPSJ TRANSACTIONS ON BIOINFORMATICS 2015. [DOI: 10.2197/ipsjtbio.8.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Geahlen RL. Getting Syk: spleen tyrosine kinase as a therapeutic target. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2014; 35:414-22. [PMID: 24975478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase well known for its ability to couple immune cell receptors to intracellular signaling pathways that regulate cellular responses to extracellular antigens and antigen-immunoglobulin (Ig) complexes of particular importance to the initiation of inflammatory responses. Thus, Syk is an attractive target for therapeutic kinase inhibitors designed to ameliorate the symptoms and consequences of acute and chronic inflammation. Its more recently recognized role as a promoter of cell survival in numerous cancer cell types ranging from leukemia to retinoblastoma has attracted considerable interest as a target for a new generation of anticancer drugs. This review discusses the biological processes in which Syk participates that have made this kinase such a compelling drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Geahlen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, Hansen Life Sciences Research Building, 210 South University Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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46
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Functional roles of Syk in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:270302. [PMID: 25045209 PMCID: PMC4090447 DOI: 10.1155/2014/270302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a series of complex biological responses to protect the host from pathogen invasion. Chronic inflammation is considered a major cause of diseases, such as various types of inflammatory/autoimmune diseases and cancers. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) was initially found to be highly expressed in hematopoietic cells and has been known to play crucial roles in adaptive immune responses. However, recent studies have reported that Syk is also involved in other biological functions, especially in innate immune responses. Although Syk has been extensively studied in adaptive immune responses, numerous studies have recently presented evidence that Syk has critical functions in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and is closely related to innate immune response. This review describes the characteristics of Syk-mediated signaling pathways, summarizes the recent findings supporting the crucial roles of Syk in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses and diseases, and discusses Syk-targeted drug development for the therapy of inflammatory diseases.
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