1
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Dapkekar AB, Satyanarayana G. Electrochemical synthesis of 2-alkyl-4-phenylalkan-2-ols via cathodic reductive coupling of alkynes with unactivated aliphatic ketones. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2915-2918. [PMID: 36799167 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06819b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present an efficient electrochemical method for synthesizing 2-alkyl-4-phenylalkan-2-ols through an electrochemically driven cathodic reductive coupling of the terminal and internal acetylenes with unactivated aliphatic ketones under mild conditions. The process proceeds through a ketyl radical, which then activates the aryl acetylene and causes complete reduction of the triple bond of the acetylene moiety. This strategy is environmentally benign and exhibits a broad substrate scope with ubiquitously available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Balajirao Dapkekar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India.
| | - Gedu Satyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India.
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2
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Hussain H, Mamadalieva NZ, Hussain A, Hassan U, Rabnawaz A, Ahmed I, Green IR. Fruit Peels: Food Waste as a Valuable Source of Bioactive Natural Products for Drug Discovery. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:1960-1994. [PMID: 35678663 PMCID: PMC9164088 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits along with vegetables are crucial for a balanced diet. These not only have delicious flavors but are also reported to decrease the risk of contracting various chronic diseases. Fruit by-products are produced in huge quantity during industrial processing and constitute a serious issue because they may pose a harmful risk to the environment. The proposal of employing fruit by-products, particularly fruit peels, has gradually attained popularity because scientists found that in many instances peels displayed better biological and pharmacological applications than other sections of the fruit. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of fruit peel extracts and natural products obtained in food industries along with their other potential biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Hussain
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
- Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100170, Uzbekistan;
| | - Amjad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Uzma Hassan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Aisha Rabnawaz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56130, Pakistan;
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0AS, UK;
| | - Ivan R. Green
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;
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3
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Silva JAF, Silva MKS, Silva TA, Costa LDA, Leal MLE, Bezerra RS, Costa HMS, Freitas-Júnior ACV. Obtainment and characterization of digestive aspartic proteases from the fish Caranx hippos (Linnaeus, 1766). BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e234500. [PMID: 33787732 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.234500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to obtain aspartic proteases of industrial and biotechnological interest from the stomach of the crevalle jack fish (Caranx hippos). In order to do so, a crude extract (CE) of the stomach was obtained and subjected to a partial purification by salting-out, which resulted in the enzyme extract (EE) obtainment. EE proteases were characterized physicochemically and by means of zymogram. In addition, the effect of chemical agents on their activity was also assessed. By means of salting-out it was possible to obtain a purification of 1.6 times with a yield of 49.4%. Two acid proteases present in the EE were observed in zymogram. The optimum temperature and thermal stability for EE acidic proteases were 55 ºC and 45 °C, respectively. The optimum pH and pH stability found for these enzymes were pH 1.5 and 7.0, respectively. Total inhibition of EE acid proteolytic activity was observed in the presence of pepstatin A. dithiothreitol (DTT) and Ca2+ did not promote a significant effect on enzyme activity. In the presence of heavy metals, such as Al3+, Cd2+ and Hg2+, EE acidic proteases showed more than 70% of their enzymatic activity. The results show that it is possible to obtain, from the stomach of C. hippos, aspartic proteases with high proteolytic activity and characteristics that demonstrate potential for industrial and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A F Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M K S Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - T A Silva
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L D A Costa
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M L E Leal
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - R S Bezerra
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Centro de Biociências, Departamento de Bioquímica, Laboratório de Enzimologia, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - H M S Costa
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A C V Freitas-Júnior
- Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Laboratório de Biomoléculas de Organismos Aquáticos, Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.,Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Cidade Universitária, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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4
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Jmel MA, Aounallah H, Bensaoud C, Mekki I, Chmelař J, Faria F, M’ghirbi Y, Kotsyfakis M. Insights into the Role of Tick Salivary Protease Inhibitors during Ectoparasite-Host Crosstalk. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E892. [PMID: 33477394 PMCID: PMC7831016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease inhibitors (PIs) are ubiquitous regulatory proteins present in all kingdoms. They play crucial tasks in controlling biological processes directed by proteases which, if not tightly regulated, can damage the host organism. PIs can be classified according to their targeted proteases or their mechanism of action. The functions of many PIs have now been characterized and are showing clinical relevance for the treatment of human diseases such as arthritis, hepatitis, cancer, AIDS, and cardiovascular diseases, amongst others. Other PIs have potential use in agriculture as insecticides, anti-fungal, and antibacterial agents. PIs from tick salivary glands are special due to their pharmacological properties and their high specificity, selectivity, and affinity to their target proteases at the tick-host interface. In this review, we discuss the structure and function of PIs in general and those PI superfamilies abundant in tick salivary glands to illustrate their possible practical applications. In doing so, we describe tick salivary PIs that are showing promise as drug candidates, highlighting the most promising ones tested in vivo and which are now progressing to preclinical and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Amine Jmel
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Hajer Aounallah
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR19IPTX, Service d’Entomologie Médicale, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (H.A.); (Y.M.)
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Innovation and Development Center, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Chaima Bensaoud
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
| | - Imen Mekki
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Jindřich Chmelař
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Fernanda Faria
- Innovation and Development Laboratory, Innovation and Development Center, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo 05503-900, Brazil;
| | - Youmna M’ghirbi
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar, LR19IPTX, Service d’Entomologie Médicale, Tunis 1002, Tunisia; (H.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Michalis Kotsyfakis
- Laboratory of Genomics and Proteomics of Disease Vectors, Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, Branišovská 1160/31, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; (M.A.J.); (C.B.); (I.M.)
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5
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Hu P, Peters BK, Malapit CA, Vantourout JC, Wang P, Li J, Mele L, Echeverria PG, Minteer SD, Baran PS. Electroreductive Olefin-Ketone Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20979-20986. [PMID: 33259715 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c11214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A user-friendly approach is presented to sidestep the venerable Grignard addition to unactivated ketones to access tertiary alcohols by reversing the polarity of the disconnection. In this work a ketone instead acts as a nucleophile when adding to simple unactivated olefins to accomplish the same overall transformation. The scope of this coupling is broad as enabled using an electrochemical approach, and the reaction is scalable, chemoselective, and requires no precaution to exclude air or water. Multiple applications demonstrate the simplifying nature of the reaction on multistep synthesis, and mechanistic studies point to an intuitive mechanism reminiscent of other chemical reductants such as SmI2 (which cannot accomplish the same reaction).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla 92037, California, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
| | - Byron K Peters
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla 92037, California, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
| | - Christian A Malapit
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
| | - Julien C Vantourout
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla 92037, California, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
| | - Pan Wang
- Center for Excellence of Process Science, Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Jinjun Li
- Center for Excellence of Process Science, Asymchem Laboratories (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. TEDA, Tianjin 300457, P. R. China
| | - Lucas Mele
- Minakem Recherche, 145 Chemin des Lilas, Beuvry-la-Forêt 59310, France
| | | | - Shelley D Minteer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Room 2020, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
| | - Phil S Baran
- Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla 92037, California, United States.,NSF Center for Synthetic Organic Electrochemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City 84112, Utah, United States
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6
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In vitro evaluation of the anti-digestion and antioxidant effects of grape seed procyanidins according to their degrees of polymerization. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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7
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Kumar Singh A, Rajendran V, Singh S, Kumar P, Kumar Y, Singh A, Miller W, Potemkin V, Poonam, Grishina M, Gupta N, Kempaiah P, Durvasula R, Singh BK, Dunn BM, Rathi B. Antiplasmodial activity of hydroxyethylamine analogs: Synthesis, biological activity and structure activity relationship of plasmepsin inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3837-3844. [PMID: 29983285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Malaria, particularly in endemic countries remains a threat to the human health and is the leading the cause of mortality in the tropical and sub-tropical areas. Herein, we explored new C2 symmetric hydroxyethylamine analogs as the potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum; 3D7) in in-vitro cultures. All the listed compounds were also evaluated against crucial drug targets, plasmepsin II (Plm II) and IV (Plm IV), enzymes found in the digestive vacuole of the P. falciparum. Analog 10f showed inhibitory activities against both the enzymes Plm II and Plm IV (Ki, 1.93 ± 0.29 µM for Plm II; Ki, 1.99 ± 0.05 µM for Plm IV). Among all these analogs, compounds 10g selectively inhibited the activity of Plm IV (Ki, 0.84 ± 0.08 µM). In the in vitro screening assay, the growth inhibition of P. falciparum by both the analogs (IC50, 2.27 ± 0.95 µM for 10f; IC50, 3.11 ± 0.65 µM for 10g) displayed marked killing effect. A significant growth inhibition of the P. falciparum was displayed by analog 12c with IC50 value of 1.35 ± 0.85 µM, however, it did not show inhibitory activity against either Plms. The hemolytic assay suggested that the active compounds selectively inhibit the growth of the parasite. Further, potent analogs (10f and 12c) were evaluated for their cytotoxicity towards mammalian HepG2 and vero cells. The selectivity index (SI) values were noticed greater than 10 for both the analogs that suggested their poor toxicity. The present study indicates these analogs as putative lead structures and could serve as crucial for the development of new drug molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Vinoth Rajendran
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Snigdha Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College University Enclave, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Whelton Miller
- Department of Chemistry & Physics, Lincoln University, Lincoln University, PA 19352, USA; Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vladimir Potemkin
- South Ural State University, Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, 454080, Russia
| | - Poonam
- South Ural State University, Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, 454080, Russia; Department of Chemistry, Miranda House University Enclave, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007 India
| | - Maria Grishina
- South Ural State University, Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, 454080, Russia
| | - Nikesh Gupta
- Special Centre for Nanosciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Prakasha Kempaiah
- Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ravi Durvasula
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | | | - Ben M Dunn
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, P.O. Box 100245, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Brijesh Rathi
- Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India; South Ural State University, Laboratory of Computational Modeling of Drugs, 454080, Russia.
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8
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Lawer A, Nesvaderani J, Marcolin GM, Hunter L. Synthesis and biochemical characterisation of fluorinated analogues of pepstatin A and grassystatin A. Tetrahedron 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Patrick GJ, Fang L, Schaefer J, Singh S, Bowman GR, Wencewicz TA. Mechanistic Basis for ATP-Dependent Inhibition of Glutamine Synthetase by Tabtoxinine-β-lactam. Biochemistry 2018; 57:117-135. [PMID: 29039929 PMCID: PMC5934995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Tabtoxinine-β-lactam (TβL), also known as wildfire toxin, is a time- and ATP-dependent inhibitor of glutamine synthetase produced by plant pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae. Here we demonstrate that recombinant glutamine synthetase from Escherichia coli phosphorylates the C3-hydroxyl group of the TβL 3-(S)-hydroxy-β-lactam (3-HβL) warhead. Phosphorylation of TβL generates a stable, noncovalent enzyme-ADP-inhibitor complex that resembles the glutamine synthetase tetrahedral transition state. The TβL β-lactam ring remains intact during enzyme inhibition, making TβL mechanistically distinct from traditional β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin. Our findings could enable the design of new 3-HβL transition state inhibitors targeting enzymes in the ATP-dependent carboxylate-amine ligase superfamily with broad therapeutic potential in many disease areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garrett J. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Luting Fang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Jacob Schaefer
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Sukrit Singh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Gregory R. Bowman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Timothy A. Wencewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
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10
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Yan G, Hao L, Niu Y, Huang W, Wang W, Xu F, Liang L, Wang C, Jin H, Xu P. 2-Substituted-thio-N-(4-substituted-thiazol/1H-imidazol-2-yl)acetamides as BACE1 inhibitors: Synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies. Eur J Med Chem 2017. [PMID: 28624701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of 2-substituted-thio-N-(4-substituted-thiazol/1H-imidazol-2-yl)acetamide derivatives were developed as β-secretase (BACE-1) inhibitors. Supported by docking study, a small library of derivatives were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated in vitro. In addition, the selected compounds were tested with affinity (KD) towards BACE-1, blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cytotoxicity. The studies revealed that the most potent analog 41 (IC50 = 4.6 μM) with high predicted BBB permeability and low cellular cytotoxicity, could serve as a good lead structure for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Yan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lina Hao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yan Niu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wenjie Huang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fengrong Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hongwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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11
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Cunico W, Ferreira MDLG, Wardell JL, Harrison WTA. Different intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen-bonding patterns in (3 S,4a S,8a S)-2-[(2 R,3 S)-3-(2,5- X2-benzamido)-2-(2,5- X2-benzo-yloxy)-4-phenyl-butyl]- N- tert-butyldeca-hydro-iso-quinoline-3-carboxamides ( X = H or Cl): compounds with moderate aspartyl protease inhibition activity. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:913-917. [PMID: 28638658 PMCID: PMC5458323 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017007800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures of (3S,4aS,8aS)-2-[(2R,3S)-3-benzamido-2-benzo-yloxy-4-phenyl-but-yl]-N-tert-butyldeca-hydro-iso-quinoline-3-carboxamide, C38H47N3O4, (I), and (3S,4aS,8aS)-2-[(2R,3S)-3-(2,5-di-chloro-benzamido)-2-(2,5-di-chloro-benzo-yloxy)-4-phenyl-but-yl]-N-tert-butyldeca-hydro-iso-quinoline-3-carboxamide, C38H43Cl4N3O4, (II), are described. Despite their chemical similarity, they adopt different conformations in the solid state: (I) features a bifurcated intra-molecular N-H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bond from the tert-butylamide NH group to the piperidine N atom and the benzoate O atom, whereas (II) has an intra-molecular N-H⋯O link from the benzamide NH group to the tert-butyl-amide O atom. In the crystal of (I), mol-ecules are linked by C(4) amide N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds into chains propagating in the [010] direction, with both donor and acceptor parts of the benzamide group. In the extended structure of (II), C(11) N-H⋯O chains propagating in the [010] direction arise, with the donor being the tert-butylamide NH group and the acceptor being the O atom of the benzamide group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Cunico
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Universitário, s/n, Caixa Postal 354, 96010-900 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes G. Ferreira
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos – Farmanguinhos, Fiocruz. R. Sizenando, Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - James L. Wardell
- Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos – Farmanguinhos, Fiocruz. R. Sizenando, Nabuco, 100, Manguinhos, 21041-250, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
| | - William T. A. Harrison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen AB24 3UE, Scotland
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12
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Meninno S, Zullo L, Overgaard J, Lattanzi A. TunableCinchona-Based Thioureas-Catalysed Asymmetric Epoxidation to Synthetically Important Glycidic Ester Derivatives. Adv Synth Catal 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201700146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meninno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Luca Zullo
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano Italy
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Department of Chemistry; Aarhus University; Langelandsgade 140 8000 Aarhus Denmark
| | - Alessandra Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”; Università di Salerno; Via Giovanni Paolo II 84084 Fisciano Italy
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13
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Ghosh AK, Osswald HL, Glauninger K, Agniswamy J, Wang YF, Hayashi H, Aoki M, Weber IT, Mitsuya H. Probing Lipophilic Adamantyl Group as the P1-Ligand for HIV-1 Protease Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Protein X-ray Structural Studies, and Biological Evaluation. J Med Chem 2016; 59:6826-37. [PMID: 27389367 PMCID: PMC5360270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of potent HIV-1 protease inhibitors with a lipophilic adamantyl P1 ligand have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated. We have developed an enantioselective synthesis of adamantane-derived hydroxyethylamine isosteres utilizing Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation as the key step. Various inhibitors incorporating P1-adamantylmethyl in combination with P2 ligands such as 3-(R)-THF, 3-(S)-THF, bis-THF, and THF-THP were examined. The S1' pocket was also probed with phenyl and phenylmethyl ligands. Inhibitor 15d, with an isobutyl P1' ligand and a bis-THF P2 ligand, proved to be the most potent of the series. The cLogP value of inhibitor 15d is improved compared to inhibitor 2 with a phenylmethyl P1-ligand. X-ray structural studies of 15d, 15h, and 15i with HIV-1 protease complexes revealed molecular insight into the inhibitor-protein interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K. Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA,The corresponding author: Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, Phone: (765)-494-5323; Fax: (765)-496-1612,
| | - Heather L. Osswald
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Kristof Glauninger
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Johnson Agniswamy
- Department of Biology, Molecular Basis of Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Yuan-Fang Wang
- Department of Biology, Molecular Basis of Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Hironori Hayashi
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan,Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Manabu Aoki
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan,Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan,Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Irene T. Weber
- Department of Biology, Molecular Basis of Disease, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Hiroaki Mitsuya
- Departments of Infectious Diseases and Hematology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan,Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan,Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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14
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An innovative synthesis of tertiary hydroxyl thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone skeleton: natural-like product from the tandem reaction of o-aminothienonitrile and carbonyl compound. Tetrahedron Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Gazdik M, Jarman KE, O'Neill MT, Hodder AN, Lowes KN, Jousset Sabroux H, Cowman AF, Boddey JA, Sleebs BE. Exploration of the P3 region of PEXEL peptidomimetics leads to a potent inhibitor of the Plasmodium protease, plasmepsin V. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1993-2010. [PMID: 27021426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of arginine isosteres is a known strategy to overcome poor membrane permeability commonly associated with peptides or peptidomimetics that possess this highly polar amino acid. Here, we apply this strategy to peptidomimetics that are potent inhibitors of the malarial protease, plasmepsin V, with the aim of enhancing their activity against Plasmodium parasites, and exploring the structure-activity relationship of the P3 arginine within the S3 pocket of plasmepsin V. Of the arginine isosteres trialled in the P3 position, we discovered that canavanine was the ideal and that this peptidomimetic potently inhibits plasmepsin V, efficiently blocks protein export and inhibits parasite growth. Structure studies of the peptidomimetics bound to plasmepsin V provided insight into the structural basis for the enzyme activity observed in vitro and provides further evidence why plasmepsin V is highly sensitive to substrate modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Gazdik
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Kate E Jarman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Matthew T O'Neill
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Anthony N Hodder
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Kym N Lowes
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Helene Jousset Sabroux
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Alan F Cowman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Justin A Boddey
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia
| | - Brad E Sleebs
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royal Parade, Parkville, 3052, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Australia.
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16
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Rasina D, Otikovs M, Leitans J, Recacha R, Borysov OV, Kanepe-Lapsa I, Domraceva I, Pantelejevs T, Tars K, Blackman MJ, Jaudzems K, Jirgensons A. Fragment-Based Discovery of 2-Aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones As Novel Class Nonpeptidomimetic Inhibitors of the Plasmepsins I, II, and IV. J Med Chem 2015; 59:374-87. [PMID: 26670264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2-Aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones were identified as a novel class of malaria digestive vacuole plasmepsin inhibitors by using NMR-based fragment screening against Plm II. Initial fragment hit optimization led to a submicromolar inhibitor, which was cocrystallized with Plm II to produce an X-ray structure of the complex. The structure showed that 2-aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones bind to the open flap conformation of the enzyme and provided clues to target the flap pocket. Further improvement in potency was achieved via introduction of hydrophobic substituents occupying the flap pocket. Most of the 2-aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-one based inhibitors show a similar activity against digestive Plms I, II, and IV and >10-fold selectivity versus CatD, although varying the flap pocket substituent led to one Plm IV selective inhibitor. In cell-based assays, the compounds show growth inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 with IC50 ∼ 1 μM. Together, these results suggest 2-aminoquinazolin-4(3H)-ones as perspective leads for future development of an antimalarial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dace Rasina
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Martins Otikovs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Janis Leitans
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Rosario Recacha
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Oleksandr V Borysov
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Iveta Kanepe-Lapsa
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Ilona Domraceva
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Teodors Pantelejevs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Tars
- Biomedical Research and Study Centre , Ratsupites 1, Riga LV-1067, Latvia
| | - Michael J Blackman
- The Francis Crick Institute, Mill Hill Laboratory , The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, U.K
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Aigars Jirgensons
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis , Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
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17
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Gambini L, Rizzi L, Pedretti A, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Carucci M, Pancotti A, Galli C, Read M, Giurisato E, Romeo S, Russo I. Picomolar Inhibition of Plasmepsin V, an Essential Malaria Protease, Achieved Exploiting the Prime Region. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142509. [PMID: 26566224 PMCID: PMC4643876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites. It results in an annual death-toll of ~ 600,000. Resistance to all medications currently in use exists, and novel antimalarial drugs are urgently needed. Plasmepsin V (PmV) is an essential Plasmodium protease and a highly promising antimalarial target, which still lacks molecular characterization and drug-like inhibitors. PmV, cleaving the PExEl motif, is the key enzyme for PExEl-secretion, an indispensable parasitic process for virulence and infection. Here, we describe the accessibility of PmV catalytic pockets to inhibitors and propose a novel strategy for PmV inhibition. We also provide molecular and structural data suitable for future drug development. Using high-throughput platforms, we identified a novel scaffold that interferes with PmV in-vitro at picomolar ranges (~ 1,000-fold more active than available compounds). Via systematic replacement of P and P' regions, we assayed the physico-chemical requirements for PmV inhibition, achieving an unprecedented IC50 of ~20 pM. The hydroxyethylamine moiety, the hydrogen acceptor group in P2', the lipophilic groups upstream to P3, the arginine and other possible substitutions in position P3 proved to be critically important elements in achieving potent inhibition. In-silico analyses provided essential QSAR information and model validation. Our inhibitors act ‘on-target’, confirmed by cellular interference of PmV function and biochemical interaction with inhibitors. Our inhibitors are poorly performing against parasite growth, possibly due to poor stability of their peptidic component and trans-membrane permeability. The lowest IC50 for parasite growth inhibition was ~ 15μM. Analysis of inhibitor internalization revealed important pharmacokinetic features for PExEl-based molecules. Our work disclosed novel pursuable drug design strategies for highly efficient PmV inhibition highlighting novel molecular elements necessary for picomolar activity against PmV. All the presented data are discussed in respect to human aspartic proteases and previously reported inhibitors, highlighting differences and proposing new strategies for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gambini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Rizzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pedretti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Orazio Taglialatela-Scafati
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Pharmacy, Università di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Carucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Pancotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Corinna Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin Read
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emanuele Giurisato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sergio Romeo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Russo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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