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Li F, Wang W, Zhai Y, Fan J, Jiang Q, Zhang T. Simultaneous quantification of icaritin and its novel 3-methylcarbamate prodrug in rat plasma using HPLC-MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic study. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5976. [PMID: 39126342 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
A sensitive, rapid, and simple HPLC-MS/MS method was first developed and fully validated to determine the icaritin (ICT) and its novel 3-methylcarbamate prodrug (3N) simultaneously in rat plasma. Analytes were extracted from rat plasma using a liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. Chromatographic separation was performed on ACE Excel 2 C18-Amide column. Quantitation of analytes was conducted on an LCMS-8060 triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer. The quantitation mode was the multiple reaction monitoring via positive electrospray ionization. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 1 to 200 ng/ml for ICT with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.9950 and 1 to 400 ng/ml for 3N with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.9956. The intra-precision RSDs were ≤12% for ICT and 3N. The inter-day precision RSDs were ≤10% for ICT and 3N. The accuracy RE was between -2.6% and 7.8% for ICT and 3N. The average ICT, 3N and IS recoveries were 87.9%, 83.6%, and 84.3%. The plasma matrix of ICT and 3N complied with the guidelines. ICT and 3N were stable in rat plasma under various tested conditions. This work has been successfully applied to studying the pharmacokinetics of ICT and 3N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxiao Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Weiping Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yixiu Zhai
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiaqi Fan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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2
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Reyes-Hernández OD, Figueroa-González G, Quintas-Granados LI, Hernández-Parra H, Peña-Corona SI, Cortés H, Kipchakbayeva A, Mukazhanova Z, Habtemariam S, Leyva-Gómez G, Büsselberg D, Sharifi-Rad J. New insights into the anticancer therapeutic potential of icaritin and its synthetic derivatives. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22175. [PMID: 38567708 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Icaritin is a natural prenylated flavonoid derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium. The compound has shown antitumor effects in various cancers, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Icaritin exerts its anticancer activity by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as IL-6/JAK/STAT3, ER-α36, and NF-κB, affecting the tumor microenvironment and immune system. Several clinical trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of icaritin in advanced HCC patients with poor prognoses, who are unsuitable for conventional therapies. The results have demonstrated that icaritin can improve survival, delay progression, and produce clinical benefits in these patients, with a favorable safety profile and minimal adverse events. Moreover, icaritin can enhance the antitumor immune response by regulating the function and phenotype of various immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, MDSCs, neutrophils, and macrophages. These findings suggest that icaritin is a promising candidate for immunotherapy in HCC and other cancers. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and optimal dosing regimens of icaritin and its potential synergistic effects with other agents. Therefore, this comprehensive review of the scientific literature aims to summarize advances in the knowledge of icaritin in preclinical and clinical studies as well as the pharmacokinetic, metabolism, toxicity, and mechanisms action to recognize the main challenge, gaps, and opportunities to develop a medication that cancer patients can use. Thus, our main objective was to clarify the current state of icaritin for use as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Itzel Quintas-Granados
- Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Plantel Cuautepec, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México. Ciudad de México, México, México
| | - Hector Hernández-Parra
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Aliya Kipchakbayeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhazira Mukazhanova
- Higher School of IT and Natural Sciences, Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research & Herbal Analysis Services UK, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, London, UK
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Xiang L, Li Y, Gu X, Li S, Li J, Li J, Yi Y. Nucleolin recognizing silica nanoparticles inhibit cell proliferation by activating the Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 signalling pathway to induce apoptosis in liver cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1117052. [PMID: 36843953 PMCID: PMC9947157 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1117052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional nanocarrier platforms have shown great potential for the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Here, a novel nucleolin-responsive nanoparticle platform was constructed for the concurrent detection of nucleolin and treatment of liver cancer. The incorporation of AS1411 aptamer, icaritin (ICT) and FITC into mesoporous silica nanoparticles, labelled as Atp-MSN (ICT@FITC) NPs, was the key to offer functionalities. The specific combination of the target nucleolin and AS1411 aptamer caused AS1411 to separate from mesoporous silica nanoparticles surface, allowing FITC and ICT to be released. Subsequently, nucleolin could be detected by monitoring the fluorescence intensity. In addition, Atp-MSN (ICT@FITC) NPs can not only inhibit cell proliferation but also improve the level of ROS while activating the Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 signalling pathway to induce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, our results demonstrated that Atp-MSN (ICT@FITC) NPs had low toxicity and could induce CD3+ T-cell infiltration. As a result, Atp-MSN (ICT@FITC) NPs may provide a reliable and secure platform for the simultaneous identification and treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Xiang
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Gu
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shujie Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Junwei Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinlong Li
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Jinlong Li, ; Yongxiang Yi,
| | - Yongxiang Yi
- The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China,*Correspondence: Jinlong Li, ; Yongxiang Yi,
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4
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Xiao D, Zhang M, Wu P, Li T, Li W, Zhang L, Yue Q, Chen X, Wei X, Xu Y, Wang C. Halovirs I–K, antibacterial and cytotoxic lipopeptaibols from the plant pathogenic fungus Paramyrothecium roridum NRRL 2183. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:247-257. [DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Shi S, Li J, Zhao X, Liu Q, Song SJ. A comprehensive review: Biological activity, modification and synthetic methodologies of prenylated flavonoids. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 191:112895. [PMID: 34403885 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids, a unique class of flavonoids which combine a flavonoid skeleton and a lipophilic prenyl side-chain, possess great potential biological activities including cytotoxicity, anti-inflammation, anti-Alzheimer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetes, estrogenic, vasorelaxant and enzyme inhibition. Recently, prenylated flavonoids have become an indispensable anchor for the development of new therapeutic agents, and have received increasing from medicinal chemists. The prenylated flavonoids have been outstanding developed through isolation, semi or fully synthesis in a very short period of time, which proves the great value in medicinal chemistry researches. In this review, research progress of prenylated flavonoids including natural prenylated flavonoids, structural modification, synthetic methodologies and pharmacological activities was summarized comprehensively. Furthermore, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of prenylated flavonoids were summarized which provided a basis for the selective design and optimization of multifunctional prenylated flavonoid derivatives for the treatment of multi-factorial diseases in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochun Shi
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jichong Li
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xuemei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qingbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China; Jilin Yizheng Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jilin Province, Siping, 136001, China.
| | - Shao-Jiang Song
- Key Laboratory of Computational Chemistry-Based Natural Antitumor Drug Research & Development, Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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Hou Y, Kuang W, Min W, Liu Z, Zhang F, Yuan K, Wang X, Sun C, Cheng H, Wang L, Xiao Y, Pu S, Xin GZ, Yang P. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Icaritin Derivatives as Novel Putative DEPTOR Inhibitors for Multiple Myeloma Treatment. J Med Chem 2021; 64:14942-14954. [PMID: 34644502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Icaritin is an active ingredient in Epimedium, which has a variety of pharmacological activities. However, the low activity of Icaritin and the unclear target greatly limit its application. Therefore, based on the structure of Icaritin, we adopted the strategy of replacing toxic groups and introducing active groups to design and synthesize a series of new analogues. The top compound C3 exhibited better antimultiple myeloma activity with an IC50 of 1.09 μM for RPMI 8226 cells, induced RPMI 8226 apoptosis, and blocked the cell cycle in the S phase. Importantly, transcriptome analysis, cellular thermal shift assay, and microscale thermophoresis assay confirmed that DEPTOR was the target of C3. Moreover, we explored its binding mode with C3. Especially, C3 displayed satisfactory inhibition of tumor growth in RPMI 8226 xenografts without obvious side effects. In summary, C3 was discovered as a novel putative inhibitor of DEPTOR for the treatment of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenbin Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenjian Min
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ziwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Chengliang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yibei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sheban Pu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Peng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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7
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Wei WW, Wu P, You XY, Xue JH, Xu LX, Wei XY. Dihydrochalcones from the leaves of Lithocarpus litseifolius. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2021; 23:819-824. [PMID: 32646247 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2020.1786067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Three new phlorizin derivatives, 6"-O-vanilloylphlorizin (1), 6"-O-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)phlorizin (2), 6"-O-feruloylphlorizin (3), along with four known dihydrochalcones, phlorizin (4), 3-hydroxyphlorizin, trilobatin, and 6"-O-acetylphlorizin were isolated from the leaves of Lithocarpus litseifolius. Their structures were established by analysis of extensive spectroscopic data. The new compounds were shown to be non-cytotoxic when tested against A549, HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Department of Biotechnology, Huizhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Huizhou 516023, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiao-Yin You
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jing-Hua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Liang-Xiong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Treatment for liver cancer: From sorafenib to natural products. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113690. [PMID: 34256124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer most commonly develops in patients with chronic liver disease, the etiology of which includes viral hepatitis (B and C), alcohol, obesity, dietary carcinogens, and so forth. The current treatment modalities, including surgical resection and liver transplantation, have been found far from effective. Hence, there is an obvious critical need to develop alternative strategies for the treatment of it. In this review, we discuss the formation process and therapeutic targets of liver cancer. Currently, targeted therapy is limited to sorafenib, lenvatinib, regorafenib, ramucirumab and cabozantinib which leads to a survival benefit in patients, but on the other hand is hampered by the occurrence of drug resistance. Pleasingly and importantly, there are multiple natural products undergoing clinical evaluation in liver cancer, such as polyphenols like icaritin, resveratrol, and silybin, saponins including ginsenoside Rg3 and glycyrrhizinate, alkaloid containing irinotecan and berberine and inorganic compound arsenic trioxide at present. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that these compounds inhibit liver cancer formation owing to the influence on the anti-viral, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis activity. Furthermore, a series of small molecule derivatives inspired by the aforementioned compounds are designed and synthesized according to structure-activity relationship studies. Drug combination and novel type of drug-targeted delivery system thereof have been well developed. This article is ended by a perspective remark of futuristic development of natural product-based therapeutic regimen for liver cancer treatment. We expect that this review is an account for current status of natural products as promising anti-liver cancer treatments and should contribute to its understanding.
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Li H, Li Y, Ao H, Fu J, Guo Y, Han M, Yan X, Chen X, Wang X. A comparative study on the in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy of icaritin and hydrous icaritin nanorods. Drug Deliv 2021; 27:1176-1187. [PMID: 32762483 PMCID: PMC7470086 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1801892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Icaritin (ICT) and hydrous icaritin (HICT) are two similar flavonoids compounds isolated from Epimedium Genus. This is the first comparative study on their in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects. Nanorods (NRs) were prepared for ICT and HICT by anti-solvent precipitation method using D-alpha tocopherol acid polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) as a stabilizer. The prepared ICT-NRs and HICT-NRs had similar diameter (155.5 nm and 201.7 nm), high drug loading content (43.30 ± 0.22% and 41.08 ± 0.19%), excellent stability and a similar sustaining drug release manner. Nanorods improved the in vitro toxicity against 4 different cancer cells in contrast to free ICT or free HICT; however, no significant difference was observed in this regard between ICT-NRs and HICT NRs. In the in vivo study on the anticancer efficacy on MCF-7 and PLC/PRE/5 tumor-bearing mice model, HICR-NRs displayed certain advantage over ICT NRs with higher tumor inhibition rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yijing Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Hui Ao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jingxin Fu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yifei Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Meihua Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xueying Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xiangtao Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, PR China
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Cui H, Wang X, Zhao C, Pu Y, Wang Y. Selective alkylation of β-anhydroicaritine and their biological evaluation on anticancer. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:2032-2036. [PMID: 33172306 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1844686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and selective alkylation of icaritin has been developed. The methodology involved initial formation of β-anhydroicaritine (3) under acidic conditions followed by selective methylation at the C-3 position and then alkylation at C-5 position. Several alkylated β-anhydroicaritine derivatives were synthesised using this methodology. These newly synthesised derivatives, especially the compounds 5b, 5c and 5j, significantly suppressed cell proliferation when tested against cancer cell lines in vitro. Compound 5j (R = Bn) exhibited a competitive inhibition against MCF7 in vivo compared to tamoxifen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqi Cui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi City, China
| | - Xianheng Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi City, China
| | - Changkuo Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi City, China
| | - Yue Pu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi City, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Zunyi, China
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Lin S, Li H, Tao Y, Liu J, Yuan W, Chen Y, Liu Y, Liu S. In Vitro and in Vivo Evaluation of Membrane-Active Flavone Amphiphiles: Semisynthetic Kaempferol-Derived Antimicrobials against Drug-Resistant Gram-Positive Bacteria. J Med Chem 2020; 63:5797-5815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Tao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Jiayong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Wenchang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China
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12
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Bailly C. Molecular and cellular basis of the anticancer activity of the prenylated flavonoid icaritin in hepatocellular carcinoma. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 325:109124. [PMID: 32437694 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prenylated flavonoid icaritin (ICT) is currently undergoing phase 3 clinical trial for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), based on a solid array of preclinical and clinical data. The antitumor activity originates from the capacity of the drug to modulate several signaling effectors in cancer cells, mainly the estrogen receptor splice variant ERα36, the transcription factors STAT3 and NFκB, and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. Recent studies have implicated additional components, including different microRNAs, the generation of reactive oxygen species and the targeting of sphingosine kinase-1. ICT also engages the RAGE-HMGB1 signaling route and modulates the apoptosis/autophagy crosstalk to promote its anticancer activity. In addition, ICT exerts profound changes on the tumor microenvironment to favor an immune-response. Collectively, these multiple biochemical and cellular characteristics confer to ICT a robust activity profile which can be exploited to treat HCC, as well as other cancers, including glioblastoma and onco-hematological diseases such as chronic myeloid leukemia. This review provides an update of the pharmacological properties of ICT and its metabolic characteristics. It also addresses the design of derivatives, including both natural products and synthetic molecules, such as SNG1153 also in clinical trial. The prenylated flavonoid ICT deserves attention as a multifunctional natural product potentially useful to improve the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Zheng X, Li W, Ren L, Liu J, Pang X, Chen X, Kang D, Wang J, Du G. The sphingosine kinase-1/sphingosine-1-phosphate axis in cancer: Potential target for anticancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2018; 195:85-99. [PMID: 30347210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), play many important roles in cellular activities. Ceramide and sphingosine inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis while S1P has the opposite effect. Maintaining a metabolic balance of sphingolipids is essential for growth and development of cells. Sphingosine kinase (SPHK) is an important regulator for keeping this balance. It controls the level of S1P and plays important roles in proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells and tumor angiogenesis. There are two isoenzymes of sphingosine kinase, SPHK1 and SPHK2. SPHK1 is ubiquitously expressed in most cancers where it promotes survival and proliferation, while SPHK2 is restricted to only certain tissues and its functions are not well characterized. SPHK1 is currently considered as a novel target for the treatment of cancers. Targeting SPHK1 would provide new strategies for cancer treatment and improve the prognosis of cancer patients. Here we review and summarize the current research findings on the SPHK1-S1P axis in cancer from many aspects including structure, expression, regulation, mechanism, and potential inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liwen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - De Kang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Alkyl Amine Substituted Icariside II Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092146. [PMID: 30150543 PMCID: PMC6225249 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of novel alkyl amine-substituted icariside II (ICA II) derivatives were synthesized by Mannich reactions at the 6-C position (compounds 4a–d) and changing the carbon chain length at the 7-OH position (compounds 7a–h), and their in vitro antitumor activity towards human breast cancer lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and human hepatoma cell lines (HepG2 and HCCLM3-LUC) were evaluated by the MTT assay. Compared with ICA II, most of the twelve derivatives showed good micromole level activity and a preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the anticancer activity was obtained. Compound 7g showed the most potent inhibitory activity for the four cancer cell lines (13.28 μM for HCCLM3-LUC, 3.96 μM for HepG2, 2.44 μM for MCF-7 and 4.21 μM for MDA-MB-231), which was 2.94, 5.54, 12.56 and 7.72-fold stronger than that of ICA II. The preliminary SAR showed that the introduction of a alkyl amine substituent at 6-C was not favorable for the anticancer activity, while most of the 7-O-alkylamino derivatives exhibited good antitumor activity and the anticancer activity 7-O-alkylamino derivatives were influenced by the alkyl chain length and the different terminal amine substituents. Furthermore, the effects of compound 7g on apoptosis and cell cycle of MCF-7 cells were further investigated, which showed that compound 7g triggered apoptosis and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in MCF-7 cells. Our findings indicate that compound 7g may be a promising anticancer drug candidate lead.
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Acremotins A-D, peptaibiotics produced by the soil-derived fungus Acremonium persicinum SC0105. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2018; 71:927-938. [PMID: 30089870 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-018-0086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Four new peptaibiotics, acremotins A-D (1-4) featuring three α,α-dialkylated amino acid-imino acid motifs and an unreduced C-terminal residue, along with the known peptaibiotic XR586 (5) were isolated from the solid cultures of the soil-derived fungus Acremonium persicinum SC0105. Their primary structures were characterized by detailed analysis of the HRESIMS/MS fragmentation pattern combined with comprehensive interpretation of the 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of amino acid residues were determined by the advanced Marfey's method. Sequence alignment result shows that 1-4 are closely related to zervamicin IIB and emerimicin IIA, thus belong to peptaibiotic subfamily-3 (SF3). The three-dimensional (3D) structure of 4 was established by theoretical conformational analysis using the ab initio density functional theory (DFT) method, which, together with the CD spectrum, indicated an amphiphilic and helical structure for 4. 1-5 actively inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacterial pathogens, and amongst them 4 was the most potent compound showing MIC of 12.5 and 6.25 µg/ml against S. aureu and MRSA strains, respectively. 1-5 were also cytotoxic against three human cancer cell lines with IC50 ranging from 1.2 to 21.6 μM.
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Synthesis and Activity Evaluation of Novel Prenylated Flavonoids as Antiproliferative Agents. Chem Res Chin Univ 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-018-8013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Chi XQ, Zi CT, Li HM, Yang L, Lv YF, Li JY, Hou B, Ren FC, Hu JM, Zhou J. Design, synthesis and structure–activity relationships of mangostin analogs as cytotoxic agents. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41377-41388. [PMID: 35559306 PMCID: PMC9091619 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08409b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A series xanthone derivatives were synthesized and cytotoxicity results indicated that the isopentene group at C-8 is essential.
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Wu Z, Ou L, Wang C, Yang L, Wang P, Liu H, Xiong Y, Sun K, Zhang R, Zhu X. Icaritin induces MC3T3-E1 subclone14 cell differentiation through estrogen receptor-mediated ERK1/2 and p38 signaling activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:1-9. [PMID: 28742995 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Icaritin (ICT), a hydrolytic product of icariin from the genus Epimedium, has many indicated pharmacological and biological activities. Several studies have shown that ICT has potential osteoprotective effects, including stimulation of osteoblast differentiation and inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. However, the molecular mechanism for this anabolic action of ICT remains largely unknown. Here, we found that ICT could enhance MC3T3-E1 subclone 14 preosteoblastic cell differentiation associated with increased mRNA levels and protein expression of the differentiation markers alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type 1 collagen (COL1), osteocalcin (OC), osteoponin (OPN) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), and improved mineralization, confirmed by bone nodule formation and collagen synthesis. To characterize the underlying mechanisms, we examined the effect of ICT on estrogen receptor (ER) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. ICT treatment induced p38 kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) activation, but it demonstrated at the same time point no effect on activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). ER antagonist ICI182780, p38 antagonist SB203580 and ERK1/2 antagonist PD98059 markedly inhibited the ICT-induced the mRNA expression of ALP, COL1, OC and OPN. ICI182780 attenuated the ICT-induced phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. These observations indicate a potential mechanism of osteogenic effects of ICT involving the ERK1/2 and p38 pathway activation through the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidi Wu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Ling Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Chaopeng Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Hengrui Liu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Yingquan Xiong
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Kehuan Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Ronghua Zhang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, College of Pharmacy of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, PR China.
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Lin S, Koh JJ, Aung TT, Sin WLW, Lim F, Wang L, Lakshminarayanan R, Zhou L, Tan DTH, Cao D, Beuerman RW, Ren L, Liu S. Semisynthetic Flavone-Derived Antimicrobials with Therapeutic Potential against Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). J Med Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuimu Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Jie Koh
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Thet Tun Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Ling Wendy Sin
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fanghui Lim
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Rajamani Lakshminarayanan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke−NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lei Zhou
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke−NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Donald T. H. Tan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore National Eye Center, 11 Third Hospital Avenue, 168751 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Derong Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Roger W. Beuerman
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke−NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shouping Liu
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower Level 6, 169856 Singapore, Singapore
- SRP Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke−NUS Graduate Medical School, 169857 Singapore, Singapore
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Lasiokaurin derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial and antitumor biological evaluation, and apoptosis-inducing effects. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 40:796-806. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Wang C, Wu P, Tian S, Xue J, Xu L, Li H, Wei X. Bioactive Pentacyclic Triterpenoids from the Leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2016; 79:2912-2923. [PMID: 27797185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6b00715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Thirteen new pentacyclic triterpenoids, cleistocalyxic acids A-K (1, 2, 4, 5, and 7-13) and cleistocalyxolides A (3) and B (6), and 15 known analogues (14-28), based on taraxastane, oleanane, ursane, multiflorane, and lupane skeletons, were isolated from the leaves of Cleistocalyx operculatus. The structures of 1-13 were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data and ECD/TDDFT computations. Cleistocalyxolide A (3), presumed to be derived from the known taraxastane-type compound 14, has a rare rearranged triterpenoid backbone. Cleistocalyxic acid B (2) displayed cytotoxicity against HepG2, NCI-N87, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 3.2 to 6.5 μM, and cleistocalyxic acid D (5) was active against HepG2 and NCI-N87 cells with values around 5.0 μM. The noncytotoxic cleistocalyxic acid E (7) inhibited production of IL-6 by 68.1% and TNF-α by 53.7% in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages at a concentration of 2 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Yuquanlu 19A, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxiong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanxiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xingke Road 723, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510650, People's Republic of China
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Tan HL, Chan KG, Pusparajah P, Saokaew S, Duangjai A, Lee LH, Goh BH. Anti-Cancer Properties of the Naturally Occurring Aphrodisiacs: Icariin and Its Derivatives. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:191. [PMID: 27445824 PMCID: PMC4925704 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epimedium (family Berberidaceae), commonly known as Horny Goat Weed or Yin Yang Huo, is commonly used as a tonic, aphrodisiac, anti-rheumatic and anti-cancer agent in traditional herbal formulations in Asian countries such as China, Japan, and Korea. The major bioactive compounds present within this plant include icariin, icaritin and icariside II. Although it is best known for its aphrodisiac properties, scientific and pharmacological studies suggest it possesses broad therapeutic capabilities, especially for enhancing reproductive function and osteoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and immunoprotective effects. In recent years, there has been great interest in scientific investigation of the purported anti-cancer properties of icariin and its derivatives. Data from in vitro and in vivo studies suggests these compounds demonstrate anti-cancer activity against a wide range of cancer cells which occurs through various mechanisms such as apoptosis, cell cycle modulation, anti-angiogenesis, anti-metastasis and immunomodulation. Of note, they are efficient at targeting cancer stem cells and drug-resistant cancer cells. These are highly desirable properties to be emulated in the development of novel anti-cancer drugs in combatting the emergence of drug resistance and overcoming the limited efficacy of current standard treatment. This review aims to summarize the anti-cancer mechanisms of icariin and its derivatives with reference to the published literature. The currently utilized applications of icariin and its derivatives in cancer treatment are explored with reference to existing patents. Based on the data compiled, icariin and its derivatives are shown to be compounds with tremendous potential for the development of new anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Li Tan
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia; Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetic and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Priyia Pusparajah
- Biomedical Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Surasak Saokaew
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia; Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand; Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan UniversityPhitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Acharaporn Duangjai
- Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand; Division of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
| | - Learn-Han Lee
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia; Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
| | - Bey-Hing Goh
- Novel Bacteria and Drug Discovery Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University MalaysiaBandar Sunway, Malaysia; Center of Health Outcomes Research and Therapeutic Safety (Cohorts), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of PhayaoPhayao, Thailand
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