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Miatmoko A, Octavia RT, Araki T, Annoura T, Sari R. Advancing liposome technology for innovative strategies against malaria. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:102085. [PMID: 38690211 PMCID: PMC11059525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2024.102085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This review discusses the potential of liposomes as drug delivery systems for antimalarial therapies. Malaria continues to be a significant cause of mortality and morbidity, particularly among children and pregnant women. Drug resistance due to patient non-compliance and troublesome side effects remains a significant challenge in antimalarial treatment. Liposomes, as targeted and efficient drug carriers, have garnered attention owing to their ability to address these issues. Liposomes encapsulate hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic drugs, thus providing comprehensive and suitable therapeutic drug delivery. Moreover, the potential of passive and active drug delivery enables drug concentration in specific target tissues while reducing adverse effects. However, successful liposome formulation is influenced by various factors, including drug physicochemical characteristics and physiological barriers encountered during drug delivery. To overcome these challenges, researchers have explored modifications in liposome nanocarriers to achieve efficient drug loading, controlled release, and system stability. Computational approaches have also been adopted to predict liposome system stability, membrane integrity, and drug-liposome interactions, improving formulation development efficiency. By leveraging computational methods, optimizing liposomal drug delivery systems holds promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and minimizing side effects in malaria therapy. This review consolidates the current understanding and highlights the potential of liposome strategies against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andang Miatmoko
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C UNAIR Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Stem Cell Research and Development Center, Universitas Airlangga, 2 Floor Institute of Tropical Disease Building, Campus C UNAIR Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Nanotechnology and Drug Delivery System Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C UNAIR Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Rifda Tarimi Octavia
- Master Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C UNAIR Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Tamasa Araki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinju-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinju-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Retno Sari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C UNAIR Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Moraes-de-Souza I, de Moraes BPT, Silva AR, Ferrarini SR, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF. Tiny Green Army: Fighting Malaria with Plants and Nanotechnology. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:699. [PMID: 38931823 PMCID: PMC11206820 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria poses a global threat to human health, with millions of cases and thousands of deaths each year, mainly affecting developing countries in tropical and subtropical regions. Malaria's causative agent is Plasmodium species, generally transmitted in the hematophagous act of female Anopheles sp. mosquitoes. The main approaches to fighting malaria are eliminating the parasite through drug treatments and preventing transmission with vector control. However, vector and parasite resistance to current strategies set a challenge. In response to the loss of drug efficacy and the environmental impact of pesticides, the focus shifted to the search for biocompatible products that could be antimalarial. Plant derivatives have a millennial application in traditional medicine, including the treatment of malaria, and show toxic effects towards the parasite and the mosquito, aside from being accessible and affordable. Its disadvantage lies in the type of administration because green chemical compounds rapidly degrade. The nanoformulation of these compounds can improve bioavailability, solubility, and efficacy. Thus, the nanotechnology-based development of plant products represents a relevant tool in the fight against malaria. We aim to review the effects of nanoparticles synthesized with plant extracts on Anopheles and Plasmodium while outlining the nanotechnology green synthesis and current malaria prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Moraes-de-Souza
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (I.M.-d.-S.); (B.P.T.d.M.)
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil;
| | - Bianca P. T. de Moraes
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (I.M.-d.-S.); (B.P.T.d.M.)
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil;
| | - Adriana R. Silva
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil;
| | - Stela R. Ferrarini
- Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso of Sinop Campus—UFMT, Cuiabá 78550-728, Brazil;
| | - Cassiano F. Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro—UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro 20211-010, Brazil; (I.M.-d.-S.); (B.P.T.d.M.)
- Immunopharmacology Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-361, Brazil;
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Rathi K, Shukla M, Hassam M, Shrivastava R, Rawat V, Prakash Verma V. Recent advances in the synthesis and antimalarial activity of 1,2,4-trioxanes. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107043. [PMID: 38134523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of various malarial parasite strains to drugs has made the production of a new, rapid-acting, and efficient antimalarial drug more necessary, as the demand for such drugs is growing rapidly. As a major global health concern, various methods have been implemented to address the problem of drug resistance, including the hybrid drug concept, combination therapy, the development of analogues of existing medicines, and the use of drug resistance reversal agents. Artemisinin and its derivatives are currently used against multidrug- resistant P. falciparum species. However, due to its natural origin, its use has been limited by its scarcity in natural resources. As a result, finding a substitute becomes more crucial, and the peroxide group in artemisinin, responsible for the drugs biological action in the form of 1,2,4-trioxane, may hold the key to resolving this issue. The literature suggests that 1,2,4-trioxanes have the potential to become an alternative to current malaria drugs, as highlighted in this review. This is why 1,2,4-trioxanes and their derivatives have been synthesized on a large scale worldwide, as they have shown promising antimalarial activity in vivo and in vitro against Plasmodium species. Consequently, the search for a more convenient, environment friendly, sustainable, efficient, and effective synthetic pathway for the synthesis of 1,2,4-trioxanes continues. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive analysis of the synthesis and mechanism of action of 1,2,4-trioxanes. This systematic review highlights the most recent summaries of derivatives of 1,2,4-trioxane compounds and dimers with potential antimalarial activity from January 1988 to 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Rathi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Shukla
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Rahul Shrivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur (Rajasthan), VPO- Dehmi-Kalan, Off Jaipur-Ajmer Express Way, Jaipur, Rajasthan 30300, India
| | - Varun Rawat
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali University, Banasthali Newai 304022, Rajasthan, India.
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Adebayo GP, Oduselu GO, Aderohunmu DV, Klika KD, Olasehinde GI, Ajani OO, Adebiyi E. Structure-based design, and development of amidinyl, amidoximyl and hydroxamic acid based organic molecules as novel antimalarial drug candidates. ARAB J CHEM 2024; 17:105573. [PMID: 38283036 PMCID: PMC10810238 DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains a significant global health concern causing numerous fatalities and the emergence of antimalarial drug resistance highlights the urgent need for novel therapeutic options with innovative mechanisms of action and targets. This study aimed to design potential inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (PfPTPS), synthesize them, and experimentally validate their efficacy as antimalarial agents. A structure-based approach was employed to design a series of novel derivatives, including amidinyl, amidoximyl and hydroxamic acid analogs (1c, 1d, 2b, and 3b), with a focus on their ability to bind to the Zn2+ present in the active site of PfPTPS. The syntheses of these compounds were accomplished through various multi-step synthetic pathways and their structural identities were confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR spectra, mass spectra, and elemental analysis. The compounds were screened for their antiplasmodial activity against the NF54 strain of P. falciparum and in vitro cytotoxicity testing was performed using L-6 cells. The in vivo acute toxicity of the compounds was evaluated in mice. Docking studies of the compounds with the 3D structure of PfPTPS revealed their strong binding affinities, with compound 3b exhibiting notable metal-acceptor interaction with the Zn2+ in the protein binding pocket thereby positioning it as a lead compound for PfPTPS inhibition. The in vitro antiplasmodial studies revealed moderate efficacies against the Pf NF54 strain, particularly compounds 1d and 3b which displayed IC50 < 0.2 μM. No significant cytotoxicity was noted on the L-6 rat cell line. Moreover, in vivo studies suggested that compound 3b exhibited both safety and efficacy in treating rodent malaria. The identified lead compound in this study represents a possible candidate for antimalarial drug development and can be further explored in the search for alternative antifolate drugs to combat the malaria menace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glory P. Adebayo
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Biological Sciences Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | - Gbolahan O. Oduselu
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
| | | | - Karel D. Klika
- NMR Structural Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Grace I. Olasehinde
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Biological Sciences Department, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota 112233, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka O. Ajani
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota 112233, Nigeria
- Department of Chemistry, Covenant University, Covenant University, Km 10 Idiroko Road, P.M.B. 1023 Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Ezekiel Adebiyi
- Covenant University Bioinformatics Research (CUBRe), Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Covenant Applied Informatics and Communication Africa Centre of Excellence (CApIC-ACE), Covenant University, Ota 112233, Nigeria
- Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria
- Division of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Sivakumar R, Floyd K, Jessey E, Kim JK, Bayguinov PO, Fitzpatrick JA, Goldfrab D, Jovanovic M, Tripathi A, Djuranovic S, Pavlovic-Djuranovic S. Poly-basic peptides and polymers as new drug candidate against Plasmodium falciparum. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.16.558069. [PMID: 37745508 PMCID: PMC10516022 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.16.558069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum, the malaria-causing parasite, is a leading cause of infection-induced deaths worldwide. The preferred treatment approach is artemisinin-combination therapy, which couples fast-acting artemisinin derivatives with longer-acting drugs like lumefantrine, mefloquine, and amodiaquine. However, the urgency for new treatments has risen due to the parasite's growing resistance to existing therapies. Our study shows that a common characteristic of the P. falciparum proteome - stretches of poly-lysine residues such as those found in proteins related to adhesion and pathogenicity - can serve as an effective peptide treatment for infected erythrocytes. A single dose of these poly-basic peptides can successfully diminish parasitemia in human erythrocytes in vitro with minimal toxicity. The effectiveness of the treatment correlates with the length of the poly-lysine peptide, with 30 lysine peptides supporting the eradication of erythrocytic parasites within 72 hours. PEG-ylation of the poly-lysine peptides or utilizing poly-lysine dendrimers and polymers further increases parasite clearance efficiency and bolsters the stability of these potential new therapeutics. Lastly, our affinity pull-downs and mass-spectrometry identify P. falciparum's outer membrane proteins as likely targets for polybasic peptide medications. Since poly-lysine dendrimers are already FDA-approved for drug delivery, their adaptation as antimalarial drugs presents a promising new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Sivakumar
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - Katherine Floyd
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - Erath Jessey
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - Jenny Kim Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University; New York, New York, USA
| | - Peter O. Bayguinov
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - James A.J. Fitzpatrick
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
- Washington University Center for Cellular Imaging, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - Dennis Goldfrab
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
| | - Marko Jovanovic
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University; New York, New York, USA
| | - Abhai Tripathi
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sergej Djuranovic
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine; Missouri, USA
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Dey S, Ghosh S, Das A, Yadav RN, Chakrabarty R, Pradhan S, Saha D, Srivastava AK, Hossain MF. Synthesis of Cu (II) and Zn (II) Complexes of a Quinoline Based Flexible Amide Receptor as Fluorescent Probe for Dihydrogen Phosphate and Hydrogen Sulphate and Their Antibacterial Activity. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03416-8. [PMID: 37646874 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel 8-hydroxy quinoline-derived amide receptor, in conjunction with its Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes, has been strategically developed to function as remarkably efficient fluorescent receptors with a distinct capability for anion sensing. The comprehensive characterization of the synthesized compounds were achieved through UV-Vis, IR, NMR, and HRMS spectroscopic techniques. Among the Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes, the latter exhibits superior selectivity for anions, specifically dihydrogen phosphate and hydrogen sulfate, as their tetrabutylammonium salts in a 9:1 acetonitrile-water (v/v) mixture. The Cu (II) complex demonstrates enhanced anion binding compared to the amide ligand, albeit with reduced selectivity. Furthermore, the affinity was evaluated using the Benesi-Hildebrand plot. The binding constants and Limit of Detection (LOD) for both complexes were precisely quantified. The Job plot illustrates a clear 1:1 binding interaction between the metal complexes and the guest anions. Significantly, both metal-complex receptors display a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It is worth highlighting that the Zn (II) complexed receptor outperforms the Cu (II) complexed receptor, as evidenced by its considerably lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) value against both bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sovan Dey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Sandip Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Arindam Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Ram Naresh Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, 222003, India
| | - Rinku Chakrabarty
- Department of Chemistry, Alipurduar University, Alipurduar, 736122, India.
| | - Smriti Pradhan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Dipanwita Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, 222003, India
| | - Md Firoj Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur, Darjeeling, 734013, India.
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Maciuk A, Mazier D, Duval R. Future antimalarials from Artemisia? A rationale for natural product mining against drug-refractory Plasmodium stages. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1130-1144. [PMID: 37021639 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00001j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2023Infusions of the plants Artemisia annua and A. afra are gaining broad popularity to prevent or treat malaria. There is an urgent need to address this controversial public health question by providing solid scientific evidence in relation to these uses. Infusions of either species were shown to inhibit the asexual blood stages, the liver stages including the hypnozoites, but also the sexual stages, the gametocytes, of Plasmodium parasites. Elimination of hypnozoites and sterilization of mature gametocytes remain pivotal elements of the radical cure of P. vivax, and the blockage of P. vivax and P. falciparum transmission, respectively. Drugs active against these stages are restricted to the 8-aminoquinolines primaquine and tafenoquine, a paucity worsened by their double dependence on the host genetic to elicit clinical activity without severe toxicity. Besides artemisinin, these Artemisia spp. contain many natural products effective against Plasmodium asexual blood stages, but their activity against hypnozoites and gametocytes was never investigated. In the context of important therapeutic issues, we provide a review addressing (i) the role of artemisinin in the bioactivity of these Artemisia infusions against specific parasite stages, i.e., alone or in association with other phytochemicals; (ii) the mechanisms of action and biological targets in Plasmodium of ca. 60 infusion-specific Artemisia phytochemicals, with an emphasis on drug-refractory parasite stages (i.e., hypnozoites and gametocytes). Our objective is to guide the strategic prospecting of antiplasmodial natural products from these Artemisia spp., paving the way toward novel antimalarial "hit" compounds either naturally occurring or Artemisia-inspired.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Mazier
- CIMI, CNRS, Inserm, Faculté de Médecine Sorbonne Université, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Romain Duval
- MERIT, IRD, Université Paris Cité, 75006 Paris, France.
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Umumararungu T, Nkuranga JB, Habarurema G, Nyandwi JB, Mukazayire MJ, Mukiza J, Muganga R, Hahirwa I, Mpenda M, Katembezi AN, Olawode EO, Kayitare E, Kayumba PC. Recent developments in antimalarial drug discovery. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 88-89:117339. [PMID: 37236020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although malaria remains a big burden to many countries that it threatens their socio-economic stability, particularly in the countries where malaria is endemic, there have been great efforts to eradicate this disease with both successes and failures. For example, there has been a great improvement in malaria prevention and treatment methods with a net reduction in infection and mortality rates. However, the disease remains a global threat in terms of the number of people affected because it is one of the infectious diseases that has the highest prevalence rate, especially in Africa where the deadly Plasmodium falciparum is still widely spread. Methods to fight malaria are being diversified, including the use of mosquito nets, the target candidate profiles (TCPs) and target product profiles (TPPs) of medicine for malarial venture (MMV) strategy, the search for newer and potent drugs that could reverse chloroquine resistance, and the use of adjuvants such as rosiglitazone and sevuparin. Although these adjuvants have no antiplasmodial activity, they can help to alleviate the effects which result from plasmodium invasion such as cytoadherence. The list of new antimalarial drugs under development is long, including the out of ordinary new drugs MMV048, CDRI-97/78 and INE963 from South Africa, India and Novartis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théoneste Umumararungu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda.
| | - Jean Bosco Nkuranga
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Gratien Habarurema
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Jean Baptiste Nyandwi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Marie Jeanne Mukazayire
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Janvier Mukiza
- Department of Mathematical Science and Physical Education, School of Education, College of Education, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Raymond Muganga
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Innocent Hahirwa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Matabishi Mpenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Alain Nyirimigabo Katembezi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda; Rwanda Food and Drugs Authority, Nyarutarama Plaza, KG 9 Avenue, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Emmanuel Oladayo Olawode
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, 18301 N Miami Ave #1, Miami, FL 33169, USA
| | - Egide Kayitare
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
| | - Pierre Claver Kayumba
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Rwanda
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Egbewande FA, Schwartz BD, Duffy S, Avery VM, Davis RA. Synthesis and Antimalarial Evaluation of Halogenated Analogues of Thiaplakortone A. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:md21050317. [PMID: 37233511 DOI: 10.3390/md21050317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The incorporation of bromine, iodine or fluorine into the tricyclic core structure of thiaplakortone A (1), a potent antimalarial marine natural product, is reported. Although yields were low, it was possible to synthesise a small nine-membered library using the previously synthesised Boc-protected thiaplakortone A (2) as a scaffold for late-stage functionalisation. The new thiaplakortone A analogues (3-11) were generated using N-bromosuccinimide, N-iodosuccinimide or a Diversinate™ reagent. The chemical structures of all new analogues were fully characterised by 1D/2D NMR, UV, IR and MS data analyses. All compounds were evaluated for their antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 (drug-sensitive) and Dd2 (drug-resistant) strains. Incorporation of halogens at positions 2 and 7 of the thiaplakortone A scaffold was shown to reduce antimalarial activity compared to the natural product. Of the new compounds, the mono-brominated analogue (compound 5) displayed the best antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 0.559 and 0.058 μM against P. falciparum 3D7 and Dd2, respectively, with minimal toxicity against a human cell line (HEK293) observed at 80 μM. Of note, the majority of the halogenated compounds showed greater efficacy against the P. falciparum drug-resistant strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Folake A Egbewande
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Brett D Schwartz
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Sandra Duffy
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Discovery Biology, Centre for Cellular Phenomics, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Vicky M Avery
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- Discovery Biology, Centre for Cellular Phenomics, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
- NatureBank, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia
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Recent approaches in the drug research and development of novel antimalarial drugs with new targets. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2023; 73:1-27. [PMID: 36692468 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2023-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Malaria is a serious worldwide medical issue that results in substantial annual death and morbidity. The availability of treatment alternatives is limited, and the rise of resistant parasite types has posed a significant challenge to malaria treatment. To prevent a public health disaster, novel antimalarial agents with single-dosage therapies, extensive curative capability, and new mechanisms are urgently needed. There are several approaches to developing antimalarial drugs, ranging from alterations of current drugs to the creation of new compounds with specific targeting abilities. The availability of multiple genomic techniques, as well as recent advancements in parasite biology, provides a varied collection of possible targets for the development of novel treatments. A number of promising pharmacological interference targets have been uncovered in modern times. As a result, our review concentrates on the most current scientific and technical progress in the innovation of new antimalarial medications. The protein kinases, choline transport inhibitors, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitors, isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitors, and enzymes involved in the metabolism of lipids and replication of deoxyribonucleic acid, are among the most fascinating antimalarial target proteins presently being investigated. The new cellular targets and drugs which can inhibit malaria and their development techniques are summarised in this study.
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Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of indole-azole-fluoroquinolone hybrids with highly functionalized functional groups. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Structure- and ligand-based drug design methods for the modeling of antimalarial agents: a review of updates from 2012 onwards. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:10481-10506. [PMID: 34129805 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1932598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Malaria still persists as one of the deadliest infectious disease having a huge morbidity and mortality affecting the higher population of the world. Structure and ligand-based drug design methods like molecular docking and MD simulations, pharmacophore modeling, QSAR and virtual screening are widely used to perceive the accordant correlation between the antimalarial activity and property of the compounds to design novel dominant and discriminant molecules. These modeling methods will speed-up antimalarial drug discovery, selection of better drug candidates for synthesis and to achieve potent and safer drugs. In this work, we have extensively reviewed the literature pertaining to the use and applications of various ligand and structure-based computational methods for the design of antimalarial agents. Different classes of molecules are discussed along with their target interactions pattern, which is responsible for antimalarial activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Brenda CT, Norma RF, Marcela RL, Nelly LV, Teresa I F. Action mechanisms of metallic compounds on Plasmodium spp. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 73:127028. [PMID: 35797926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a parasitic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, during the last decades, the causal agent, Plasmodium spp., has developed resistance to chloroquine and artemisinin. For this reason, metallic compounds have been proposed as an optional treatment since they have shown a potential antimalarial effect with diverse action mechanisms in the parasite and the host. OBJECTIVE To show the possible targets of metallic compounds in Plasmodium spp. CONCLUSION The metallic compounds are an option attractive to treatment for the malaria, for its low cost and its great activity to reduce parasitemia; however is necessary more studies principally in vivo in order to know the interactions that it can have in an experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casarrubias-Tabarez Brenda
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rivera-Fernández Norma
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rojas-Lemus Marcela
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - López-Valdez Nelly
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Fortoul Teresa I
- Departamento de Biología Celular y TIsular, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Av. Ciudad Universitaria 3000, Coyoacan, C.P. 04510 Mexico City, Mexico.
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Parasite Viability as a Measure of In Vivo Drug Activity in Preclinical and Early Clinical Antimalarial Drug Assessment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0011422. [PMID: 35727057 PMCID: PMC9295577 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00114-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The rate at which parasitemia declines in a host after treatment with an antimalarial drug is a major metric for assessment of antimalarial drug activity in preclinical models and in early clinical trials. However, this metric does not distinguish between viable and nonviable parasites. Thus, enumeration of parasites may result in underestimation of drug activity for some compounds, potentially confounding its use as a metric for assessing antimalarial activity in vivo. Here, we report a study of the effect of artesunate on Plasmodium falciparum viability in humans and in mice. We first measured the drug effect in mice by estimating the decrease in parasite viability after treatment using two independent approaches to estimate viability. We demonstrate that, as previously reported in humans, parasite viability declines much faster after artesunate treatment than does the decline in parasitemia (termed parasite clearance). We also observed that artesunate kills parasites faster at higher concentrations, which is not discernible from the traditional parasite clearance curve and that each subsequent dose of artesunate maintains its killing effect. Furthermore, based on measures of parasite viability, we could accurately predict the in vivo recrudescence of infection. Finally, using pharmacometrics modeling, we show that the apparent differences in the antimalarial activity of artesunate in mice and humans are partly explained by differences in host removal of dead parasites in the two hosts. However, these differences, along with different pharmacokinetic profiles, do not fully account for the differences in activity. (This study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry under identifier ACTRN12617001394336.)
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In Silico and In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of Some 1,3-Oxazole-Based Compounds and Their Isosteric Analogues. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the antimicrobial activity assessment of 49 compounds previously synthesized as derivatives of alanine or phenylalanine that incorporate a 4-(4-X-phenylsulfonyl)phenyl fragment (X = H, Cl, or Br), namely 21 acyclic compounds (6 × N-acyl-α-amino acids, 1 × N-acyl-α-amino acid ester, and 14 × N-acyl-α-amino ketones) and 28 pentatomic heterocycles from the oxazole-based compound class (6 × 4H-1,3-oxazol-5-ones, 16 × 5-aryl-1,3-oxazoles, and 6 × ethyl 1,3-oxazol-5-yl carbonates). Both in silico and in vitro qualitative and quantitative assays were used to investigate the antimicrobial potential of these derivatives against planktonic and biofilm-embedded microbial strains. Some of the tested compounds showed promising antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity depending on their chemical scaffold and lipophilic character.
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Habibi P, Shi Y, Fatima Grossi-de-Sa M, Khan I. Plants as Sources of Natural and Recombinant Antimalaria Agents. Mol Biotechnol 2022; 64:1177-1197. [PMID: 35488142 PMCID: PMC9053566 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Malaria is one of the severe infectious diseases that has victimized about half a civilization billion people each year worldwide. The application of long-lasting insecticides is the main strategy to control malaria; however, a surge in antimalarial drug development is also taking a leading role to break off the infections. Although, recurring drug resistance can compromise the efficiency of both conventional and novel antimalarial medicines. The eradication of malaria is significantly contingent on discovering novel potent agents that are low cost and easy to administer. In this context, plant metabolites inhibit malaria infection progression and might potentially be utilized as an alternative treatment for malaria, such as artemisinin. Advances in genetic engineering technology, especially the advent of molecular farming, have made plants more versatile in producing protein drugs (PDs) to treat infectious diseases, including malaria. These recent developments in genetic modifications have enabled the production of native pharmaceutically active compounds and the accumulation of diverse heterologous proteins such as human antibodies, booster vaccines, and many PDs to treat infectious diseases and genetic disorders. This review will discuss the pivotal role of a plant-based production system that expresses natural antimalarial agents or host protein drugs to cure malaria infections. The potential of these natural and induced compounds will support modern healthcare systems in treating malaria infections, especially in developing countries to mitigate human fatalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Habibi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Yao Shi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Maria Fatima Grossi-de-Sa
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT Plant Stress Biotech, Embrapa, Brazil
| | - Imran Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
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17
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Poje G, Pessanha de Carvalho L, Held J, Moita D, Prudêncio M, Perković I, Tandarić T, Vianello R, Rajić Z. Design and synthesis of harmiquins, harmine and chloroquine hybrids as potent antiplasmodial agents. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Possible Interactions between Malaria, Helminthiases and the Gut Microbiota: A Short Review. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040721. [PMID: 35456772 PMCID: PMC9025727 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria, caused by the Plasmodium species, is an infectious disease responsible for more than 600 thousand deaths and more than 200 million morbidity cases annually. With above 90% of those deaths and cases, sub-Saharan Africa is affected disproportionately. Malaria clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to simple, mild, and severe disease. External factors such as the gut microbiota and helminthiases have been shown to affect malaria clinical manifestations. However, little is known about whether the gut microbiota has the potential to influence malaria clinical manifestations in humans. Similarly, many previous studies have shown divergent results on the effects of helminths on malaria clinical manifestations. To date, a few studies, mainly murine, have shown the gut microbiota’s capacity to modulate malaria’s prospective risk of infection, transmission, and severity. This short review seeks to summarize recent literature about possible interactions between malaria, helminthiases, and the gut microbiota. The knowledge from this exercise will inform innovation possibilities for future tools, technologies, approaches, and policies around the prevention and management of malaria in endemic countries.
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Adigun RA, Malan FP, Balogun MO, October N. Rational Optimization of Dihydropyrimidoinone-Quinoline Hybrids as Plasmodium falciparum Glutathione Reductase Inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200034. [PMID: 35195955 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A series of dihydropyrimidinone-based antimalarial compounds were designed and synthesised based on the previously identified amide-based quinoline hybrids which showed good resistance reversal ability against the resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum . The aromatic ring on the dihydropyrimidinone of the original hits was exchanged for a methyl group to bring the molecular weights below 500 Da and also determine the effect of the aromatic ring count on the resistance reversal ability of the hybrids. Apart from the previously used amide bond, the hybrid linker was also extended to the triazole linker. Although the triazole linker is synthetically easier to access, the use of an amide linker seems to have an activity advantage. The synthesised compounds in addition to the previously identified hits were subjected to molecular docking particularly targeting the orthosteric site of Plasmodium falciparum glutathione reductase ( Pf GR) protein. The ligand with the best binding interaction was rationally optimised to increase its suitability as a competitive inhibitor against the cofactor of the Pf GR. Two of the optimised ligands showed better binding affinities than the cofactor while one of the two ligands displayed hydrophobically packed correlated hydrogen-bond which is very important in maintaining the ligand stability within the protein. In silico ADME predictions of the synthesised compounds indicate that these compounds possess good pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasheed Adewale Adigun
- University of Pretoria, Chemistry, NW1, Roper Street, Hatfield, 0028, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA
| | | | - Mohammed O Balogun
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Biopolymer Modification and Therapeutics Lab, Chemicals Cluster., SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Natasha October
- University of Pretoria, Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Chemistry Department, 0083, South Africa, 0083, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA
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Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of regioisomers and epimers of second-generation dual acting ivermectin hybrids. Sci Rep 2022; 12:564. [PMID: 35022455 PMCID: PMC8755717 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04532-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
With its strong effect on vector-borne diseases, and insecticidal effect on mosquito vectors of malaria, inhibition of sporogonic and blood-stage development of Plasmodium falciparum, as well as in vitro and in vivo impairment of the P. berghei development inside hepatocytes, ivermectin (IVM) continues to represent an antimalarial therapeutic worthy of investigation. The in vitro activity of the first-generation IVM hybrids synthesized by appending the IVM macrolide with heterocyclic and organometallic antimalarial pharmacophores, against the blood-stage and liver-stage infections by Plasmodium parasites prompted us to design second-generation molecular hybrids of IVM. Here, a structural modification of IVM to produce novel molecular hybrids by using sub-structures of 4- and 8-aminoquinolines, the time-tested antiplasmodial agents used for treating the blood and hepatic stage of Plasmodium infections, respectively, is presented. Successful isolation of regioisomers and epimers has been demonstrated, and the evaluation of their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both the blood stages of P. falciparum and the hepatic stages of P. berghei have been undertaken. These compounds displayed structure-dependent antiplasmodial activity, in the nM range, which was more potent than that of IVM, its aglycon or primaquine, highlighting the superiority of this hybridization strategy in designing new antiplasmodial agents.
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Teja C, Roshini H, Thiyagamurthy P, Daniel JA, Devi SA, Vidya R, Nawaz Khan FR. Tetrabutylammonium-salt, a novel ionic medium for the synthesis of quinoline–hybrid chalcones, and its biological evaluation. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chitrala Teja
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hanumanthu Roshini
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pandurangan Thiyagamurthy
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J. Arul Daniel
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Asha Devi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Vidya
- VIT School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fazlur Rahman Nawaz Khan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Alnoman RB, Parveen S, Khan A, Knight JG, Hagar M. New quinoline-based BODIPYs as EGFR/VEGFR-2 inhibitors: Molecular docking, DFT and in vitro cytotoxicity on HeLa cells. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Andac CA, Çakmak O, Ökten S, Çağlar-Andac S, Işıldak İ. In-silico Pharmacokinetic and Affinity Studies of Piperazine/Morpholine Substituted Quinolines in Complex with GAK as Promising Anti-HCV Agent. JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOPHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s273741652150054x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Piperazine/morpholine derivatives of quinoline substituted at positions C-3, C-6 and C-8 has been previously prepared by SNAr reactions of 3,6,8-tribromoquinoline (1) under microwave or conventional heating reaction conditions. In this study, we evaluated binding interactions between the piperazine/morpholine substituted quinolines and its highly-likely receptor, Cyclin G associated kinase (GAK) involved in hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into host cells, via docking, molecular dynamics (MD), thermodynamic and pharmacokinetics computations in order to select a possible lead compound, which may be used for lead-optimization in our future studies to develop novel drug candidates against HCV infections. 372 nsec MD simulations followed by MM-PBSA thermodynamic computations revealed that compound 23 ([Formula: see text]= 0.08[Formula: see text]nM) possesses the greatest potential to inhibit GAK. Pharmacokinetics computations suggest that compound 23 is a drug-like molecule as it conforms to the Lipinski filter. We determined that compound 23 could be a lead-like molecule for peripheric and cerebral HCV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cenk A. Andac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Istinye University, Zeytinburnu, İstanbul 34010, Turkey
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Yeditepe University, İstanbul 34755, Turkey
| | - Osman Çakmak
- Department of Gastronomy, Faculty of Arts and Design, İstanbul Rumeli University, Silivri, İstanbul 34570, Turkey
| | - Salih Ökten
- Department of Mathematic and Science Education, Division of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale 71450, Turkey
| | - Sena Çağlar-Andac
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Fatih, İstanbul 34116, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Işıldak
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, Davutpaşa, Istanbul 34210, Turkey
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Graciano IA, de Carvalho AS, de Carvalho da Silva F, Ferreira VF. 1,2,3-Triazole- and Quinoline-Based Hybrids with Potent Antiplasmodial Activity. Med Chem 2021; 18:521-535. [PMID: 34758718 DOI: 10.2174/1573406418666211110143041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malaria is a disease causing millions of victims every year and requires new drugs, often due to parasitic strain mutations. Thus, the search for new molecules that possess antimalarial activity is constant and extremely important. However, the potential that an antimalarial drug possesses cannot be ignored, and molecular hybridization is a good strategy to design new chemical entities. OBJECTIVE This review article aims to emphasize recent advances in the biological activities of new 1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids and their place in the development of new biologically active substances. More specifically, it intends to present the synthetic methods that have been utilized for the syntheses of hybrid 1,2,3-triazoles with quinoline nuclei. METHOD We have comprehensively and critically discussed all the information available in the literature regarding 1,2,3-triazole- and quinoline-based hybrids with potent antiplasmodial activity. RESULTS The quinoline nucleus has already been proven to lead to new chemical entities in the pharmaceutical market, such as drugs for the treatment of malaria and other diseases. The same can be said about the 1,2,3-triazole heterocycle, which has been shown to be a beneficial scaffold for the construction of new drugs with several activities. However, only a few triazoles have entered the pharmaceutical market as drugs. CONCLUSION Many studies have been conducted to develop new substances that may circumvent the resistance developed by the parasite that causes malaria, thereby improving the therapy currently used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela A Graciano
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Alcione S de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Fernando de Carvalho da Silva
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Campus do Valonguinho, 24020-141 Niterói, RJ. Brazil
| | - Vitor F Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, 24241-000, Niterói, RJ. Brazil
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Apostol TV, Marutescu LG, Draghici C, Socea LI, Olaru OT, Nitulescu GM, Pahontu EM, Saramet G, Enache-Preoteasa C, Barbuceanu SF. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New N-Acyl-α-amino Ketones and 1,3-Oxazoles Derivatives. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165019. [PMID: 34443608 PMCID: PMC8400786 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to develop novel bioactive substances with potent activities, some new valine-derived compounds incorporating a 4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl fragment, namely, acyclic precursors from N-acyl-α-amino acids and N-acyl-α-amino ketones classes, and heterocycles from the large family of 1,3-oxazole-based compounds, were synthesized. The structures of the new compounds were established using elemental analysis and spectral (UV-Vis, FT-IR, MS, NMR) data, and their purity was checked by reversed-phase HPLC. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, for toxicity on D. magna, and by in silico studies regarding their potential mechanism of action and toxicity. The 2-aza-3-isopropyl-1-[4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1,4-butanedione 4b bearing a p-tolyl group in 4-position exhibited the best antibacterial activity against the planktonic growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, while the N-acyl-α-amino acid 2 and 1,3-oxazol-5(4H)-one 3 inhibited the Enterococcus faecium biofilms. Despite not all newly synthesized compounds showing significant biological activity, the general scaffold allows several future optimizations for obtaining better novel antimicrobial agents by the introduction of various substituents on the phenyl moiety at position 5 of the 1,3-oxazole nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora-Venera Apostol
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
| | - Luminita Gabriela Marutescu
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology & Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, 060101 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.); (O.T.O.)
| | - Constantin Draghici
- “Costin D. Nenițescu” Centre of Organic Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 B Splaiul Independenței, 060023 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Laura-Ileana Socea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.G.M.); (O.T.O.)
| | - George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
| | - Elena Mihaela Pahontu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
| | - Gabriel Saramet
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
| | | | - Stefania-Felicia Barbuceanu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania; (T.-V.A.); (L.-I.S.); (G.M.N.); (E.M.P.); (G.S.); (S.-F.B.)
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Antimalarial Activities of ( Z)-2-(Nitroheteroarylmethylene)-3(2 H)-Benzofuranone Derivatives: In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment and β-Hematin Formation Inhibition Activity. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0268320. [PMID: 34228544 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02683-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of (Z)-2-(nitroheteroarylmethylene)-3(2H)-benzofuranones possessing nitroheteroaryl groups of nitroimidazole, nitrofuran, and nitrothiophene moieties was screened for antiplasmodium activity against a drug-sensitive strain (3D7 strain) and a multidrug-resistant (chloroquine [CQ] and pyrimethamine) strain (K1 strain) of Plasmodium falciparum. 5-Nitroimidazole and 4-nitroimidazole analogs were highly selective and active against resistant parasites, while 5-nitrofuran and 5-nitrothiophene derivatives were more potent against the 3D7 strain than against the K1 strain. Among the synthetic analogues, (Z)-6-chloro-2-(1-methyl-5-nitroimidazol-2-ylmethylene)-3(2H)-benzofuranone (compound 5h) exhibited the highest activity (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], 0.654 nM) against the K1 strain and (Z)-7-methoxy-2-(5-nitrothiophen-2-ylmethylene)-3(2H)-benzofuranone (10g) showed the highest activity (IC50, 0.28 μM) against the 3D7 strain in comparison with the activities of CQ (IC50s of 3.13 and 206.3 nM against 3D7 and K1 strains, respectively). The more active compounds, with IC50s lower than 5 μg/ml (∼20 μM), were further studied for their cytotoxicity responses using KB cells. From these studies, 5-nitroimidazole, 4-nitroimidazole, and 5-nitrofuran analogues were shown to be cytotoxic against KB cells, while 5-nitrothiophene analogues were shown to have the least cytotoxic effects. To gain some insight into their potential contributing mechanisms of action, three derivatives, 10e, 10g, and 10h (from the nitrothiophene subgroup, possessing 6-methoxy, 7-methoxy, and 6,7-dimethoxy substituents, respectively, on their benzofuranone moieties), showing the least toxicity and highest selectivity indices were assessed for their β-hematin formation inhibition activity. Compound 10g demonstrated the highest inhibition activity (IC50, 10.78 μM) in comparison with that of CQ (IC50, 2.63 μM) as the reference drug. Finally, these three analogues (10e, 10g, and 10h) were further evaluated for their in vivo activities against the Plasmodium berghei/albino mouse model (Peter's test). The tested analogues were shown to be active, reducing the percentages of erythrocytes that contained parasites by 53.4, 48.8, and 32.4%, respectively.
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27
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Synthesis, characterization, anticancer and DNA photocleavage study of novel quinoline Schiff base and its metal complexes. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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28
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Loyez M, Wells M, Hambÿe S, Hubinon F, Blankert B, Wattiez R, Caucheteur C. PfHRP2 detection using plasmonic optrodes: performance analysis. Malar J 2021; 20:332. [PMID: 34320995 PMCID: PMC8320217 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03863-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early malaria diagnosis and its profiling require the development of new sensing platforms enabling rapid and early analysis of parasites in blood or saliva, aside the widespread rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs). Methods This study shows the performance of a cost-effective optical fiber-based solution to target the presence of Plasmodium falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (PfHRP2). Unclad multimode optical fiber probes are coated with a thin gold film to excite Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) yielding high sensitivity to bio-interactions between targets and bioreceptors grafted on the metal surface. Results Their performances are presented in laboratory conditions using PBS spiked with growing concentrations of purified target proteins and within in vitro cultures. Two probe configurations are studied through label-free detection and amplification using secondary antibodies to show the possibility to lower the intrisic limit of detection. Conclusions As malaria hits millions of people worldwide, the improvement and multiplexing of this optical fiber technique can be of great interest, especially for a future purpose of using multiple receptors on the fiber surface or several coated-nanoparticles as amplifiers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03863-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Médéric Loyez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Champ de Mars 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium. .,Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Bld. Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - Mathilde Wells
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau 15, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Hambÿe
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau 15, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - François Hubinon
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Bld. Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Bertrand Blankert
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Mons, Avenue Maistriau 15, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Ruddy Wattiez
- Proteomics and Microbiology Department, University of Mons, Champ de Mars 6, 7000, Mons, Belgium
| | - Christophe Caucheteur
- Electromagnetism and Telecommunications Department, University of Mons, Bld. Dolez 31, 7000, Mons, Belgium
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Glanzmann N, Antinarelli LMR, da Costa Nunes IK, Pereira HMG, Coelho EAF, Coimbra ES, da Silva AD. Synthesis and biological activity of novel 4-aminoquinoline/1,2,3-triazole hybrids against Leishmania amazonensis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111857. [PMID: 34323702 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinoline and 1,2,3-triazoles are well-known nitrogen-based heterocycles presenting diverse pharmacological properties, although their antileishmanial activity is still poorly exploited. As an effort to contribute with studies involving these interesting chemical groups, in the present study, a series of compounds derived from 4-aminoquinoline and 1,2,3-triazole were synthetized and biological studies using L. amazonensis species were performed. The results pointed that the derivative 4, a hybrid of 4-aminoquinoline/1,2,3-triazole exhibited the best antileishmanial action, with inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of ~1 µM against intramacrophage amastigotes of L. amazonensis , and being 16-fold more active to parasites than to the host cell. The mechanism of action of derivative 4 suggest a multi-target action on Leishmania parasites, since the treatment of L. amazonensis promastigotes caused mitochondrial membrane depolarization, accumulation of ROS products, plasma membrane permeabilization, increase in neutral lipids, exposure of phosphatidylserine to the cell surface, changes in the cell cycle and DNA fragmentation. The results suggest that the antileishmanial effect of this compound is primarily altering critical biochemical processes for the correct functioning of organelles and macromolecules of parasites, with consequent cell death by processes related to apoptosis-like and necrosis. No up-regulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates was promoted by derivative 4 on L. amazonensis -infected macrophages, suggesting a mechanism of action independent from the activation of the host cell. In conclusion, data suggest that derivative 4 presents selective antileishmanial effect, which is associated with multi-target action, and can be considered for future studies for the treatment against disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nícolas Glanzmann
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maria Ribeiro Antinarelli
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36.036-900, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30.130-100, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Karine da Costa Nunes
- Laboratório de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Polo de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-598, Brazil
| | - Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira
- Laboratório de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Polo de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro 21.941-598, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Antonio Ferraz Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 30.130-100, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Elaine Soares Coimbra
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36.036-900, Brazil
| | - Adilson David da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36.036-900, Brazil.
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30
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Singh L, Singh K. Ivermectin: A Promising Therapeutic for Fighting Malaria. Current Status and Perspective. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9711-9731. [PMID: 34242031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Finding new chemotherapeutic interventions to treat malaria through repurposing of time-tested drugs and rigorous design of new drugs using tools of rational drug design remains one of the most sought strategies at the disposal of medicinal chemists. Ivermectin, a semisynthetic derivative of avermectin B1, is among the efficacious drugs used in mass drug administration drives employed against onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, and several other parasitic diseases in humans. In this review, we present the prowess of ivermectin, a potent endectocide, in the control of malaria through vector control to reduce parasite transmission combined with efficacious chemoprevention to reduce malaria-related fatalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovepreet Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005, India
| | - Kamaljit Singh
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Centre for Advanced Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143 005, India
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31
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Marinović M, Poje G, Perković I, Fontinha D, Prudêncio M, Held J, Pessanha de Carvalho L, Tandarić T, Vianello R, Rajić Z. Further investigation of harmicines as novel antiplasmodial agents: Synthesis, structure-activity relationship and insight into the mechanism of action. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113687. [PMID: 34274829 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The rise of the resistance of the malaria parasite to the currently approved therapy urges the discovery and development of new efficient agents. Previously we have demonstrated that harmicines, hybrid compounds composed from β-carboline alkaloid harmine and cinnamic acid derivatives, linked via either triazole or amide bond, exert significant antiplasmodial activity. In this paper, we report synthesis, antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of expanded series of novel triazole- and amide-type harmicines. Structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that amide-type harmicines 27, prepared at N-9 of the β-carboline core, exhibit superior potency against both erythrocytic stage of P. falciparum and hepatic stages of P. berghei. Notably, harmicine 27a, m-(trifluoromethyl)cinnamic acid derivative, exhibited the most favourable selectivity index (SI = 1105). Molecular dynamics simulations revealed the ATP binding site of P. falciparum heat shock protein 90 as a druggable binding location, confirmed the usefulness of the harmine's N-9 substitution and identified favourable N-H … π interactions involving Lys45 and the aromatic phenyl unit in the attached cinnamic acid fragment as crucial for the enhanced biological activity. Thus, those compounds were identified as promising and valuable leads for further derivatization in the search of novel, more efficient antiplasmodial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Marinović
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Goran Poje
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Perković
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Fontinha
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel Prudêncio
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jana Held
- University of Tübingen, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Tana Tandarić
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Robert Vianello
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Rajić
- University of Zagreb Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
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32
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Teja C, Khan FRN. Radical Transformations towards the Synthesis of Quinoline: A Review. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:4153-4167. [PMID: 33135361 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Quinoline is considered one of the most ubiquitous heterocycles due to its engaging biological activities and synthetic utility over organic transformations. Over the past few decades, numerous reports have been documented in the synthesis of quinolines. The classical methods including, Skraup, Friedlander, Doebner-von-Miller, Conrad-Limpach, Pfitzinger quinoline synthesis, and so forth, these are the well-known methods to construct principal quinoline scaffold with several advantages and limitations. Recently, radical insertion or catalyzed reactions have emerged as a powerful and efficient tool to construct heterocycles with high atom efficiency and step economy. In this concern, this minireview mainly focused on the developments of Quinoline synthesis via radical reactions. In addition, a brief description of the preparation procedure, reactivity, and mechanisms is also included, where as possible. Respectively, the synthesis of quinolines is classified and summarized based on its reactivity, so it will help the researchers to grab the information in this exploration area, as Quinolines are promising pharmacophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitrala Teja
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Fazlur Rahman Nawaz Khan
- Organic and Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratory, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, Tamil Nadu, India
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33
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Dorababu A. Recent update on antibacterial and antifungal activity of quinoline scaffolds. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 354:e2000232. [PMID: 33210348 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although most of the heterocycles have been reported to possess a significant pharmacological activity, only a few of them, namely quinoline derivatives, have exhibited the finest biological activities. Despite the few medicinal properties of the plain quinoline molecule, its derivatives exhibit diverse pharmacological properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiprotozoal activities, and so on. The potential antimicrobial properties of the quinoline derivatives are evident from the decades of research on these derivatives. Owing to limitations like drug resistance, high cost, severe side effects, and less bioavailability of previously synthesized antimicrobial agents, these drugs have become obsolete in recent years. Hence, the design of more efficient antimicrobial drugs must be given topmost priority. A breakthrough in drug discovery is a must to prevent malevolent microbial diseases. Addressing all these issues, researchers have been continuously contributing to antimicrobial drug discovery. Herein, a short description of the pharmacology of antimicrobial agents such as antibacterials and antifungals synthesized recently is provided. The versatile derivatization of the quinoline moiety leading to significant antimicrobial potencies is discussed, considering the structure-activity relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atukuri Dorababu
- Department of Chemistry, SRMPP Govt. First Grade College, Huvinahadagali, Karnataka, India
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34
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Huang G, Murillo Solano C, Melendez J, Shaw J, Collins J, Banks R, Arshadi AK, Boonhok R, Min H, Miao J, Chakrabarti D, Yuan Y. Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationship, and Antimalarial Efficacy of 6-Chloro-2-arylvinylquinolines. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11756-11785. [PMID: 32959656 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to develop new efficacious antimalarials to address the emerging drug-resistant clinical cases. Our previous phenotypic screening identified styrylquinoline UCF501 as a promising antimalarial compound. To optimize UCF501, we herein report a detailed structure-activity relationship study of 2-arylvinylquinolines, leading to the discovery of potent, low nanomolar antiplasmodial compounds against a Plasmodium falciparum CQ-resistant Dd2 strain, with excellent selectivity profiles (resistance index < 1 and selectivity index > 200). Several metabolically stable 2-arylvinylquinolines are identified as fast-acting agents that kill asexual blood-stage parasites at the trophozoite phase, and the most promising compound 24 also demonstrates transmission blocking potential. Additionally, the monophosphate salt of 24 exhibits excellent in vivo antimalarial efficacy in the murine model without noticeable toxicity. Thus, the 2-arylvinylquinolines represent a promising class of antimalarial drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Claribel Murillo Solano
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Joel Melendez
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Justin Shaw
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Jennifer Collins
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Robert Banks
- Research Program Services, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
| | - Arash Keshavarzi Arshadi
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Rachasak Boonhok
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States.,Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Science, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Hui Min
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Jun Miao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
| | - Debopam Chakrabarti
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Mazivila SJ, da Silva JCE, Páscoa RN, Leitão JM. Simultaneous Determination of Medicinal Drugs with Overlapping Profiles Contained in Low Chromatographic Resolution Data using HPLC-DAD and Multivariate Curve Resolution. CURR ANAL CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666191104155725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
The increasing demand of effective pharmaceutical products directed to
fight against malaria lead to the combination of at least two antimalarial drugs. This combination
aims to minimize the Plasmodium falciparum resistance which is found when the most frequently
used drugs are taken individually. Within this context, proguanil hydrochloride and chloroquine
phosphate which have independent modes of action are taken together to prevent malaria. This paper
aims to develop a fast and powerful analytical method for the simultaneous determination of
proguanil hydrochloride and chloroquine phosphate in the commercial Paludrine/Avloclor dosage
forms using a multi-way chromatographic calibration based on high-performance liquid chromatography
with diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) and multivariate curve resolution – alternating leastsquares
(MCR-ALS).
Methods:
A rapid and powerful analytical method based on HPLC-DAD and MCR-ALS was developed
for the simultaneous quantification of proguanil hydrochloride and chloroquine phosphate in
the commercial Paludrine/Avloclor antimalarial drugs. An isocratic mobile phase composed by 0.2
M ammonium acetate, acetonitrile, and methanol (40:25:35) and a flow rate of 1.2 mL min-1 were
employed in the chromatographic runs with an elution time about 5 min.
Results:
This approach demonstrates that chromatographic analysis may become considerably simpler
and economical in terms of time, cost, and organic solvent consumption when coupled to multiway
calibration models such as MCR-ALS. In fact, this multi-way chromatographic calibration based
on second-order HPLC-DAD data matrices (with extremely low chromatographic resolution) and
MCR-ALS allows the development of greener analytical methods for complex samples. The proposed
analytical method allowed the simultaneous quantification of two antimalarial APIs present in
the commercial Paludrine/Avloclor drugs with low REP values below 8% for the simultaneous determination
of proguanil hydrochloride and chloroquine phosphate.
Conclusion:
The proposed multi-way chromatographic strategy can be used for routine control of
pharmaceutical dosage forms. It should be highlighted that MCR-ALS allowed to: (a) achieve the second-
order advantage and the quantification of analytes in the presence of uncalibrated compounds
such as coeluted profile measured in different magnitude of the signal in each successive chromatographic
run and significant overlapping profiles and (b) separate the contribution of several components
from chromatographic runs with extremely low separation of peaks through the deconvolution
of the signal obtained, performing the so-called mathematical chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ricardo N.M.J. Páscoa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - João M.M. Leitão
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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36
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Novel Harmicines with Improved Potency against Plasmodium. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25194376. [PMID: 32977642 PMCID: PMC7583898 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmicines represent hybrid compounds composed of β-carboline alkaloid harmine and cinnamic acid derivatives (CADs). In this paper we report the synthesis of amide-type harmicines and the evaluation of their biological activity. N-harmicines 5a–f and O-harmicines 6a–h were prepared by a straightforward synthetic procedure, from harmine-based amines and CADs using standard coupling conditions, 1-[bis(dimethylamino)methylene]-1H-1,2,3-triazolo [4,5-b]pyridinium 3-oxid hexafluorophosphate (HATU) and N,N-diisopropylethylamine (DIEA). Amide-type harmicines exerted remarkable activity against the erythrocytic stage of P. falciparum, in low submicromolar concentrations, which was significantly more pronounced compared to their antiplasmodial activity against the hepatic stages of P. berghei. Furthermore, a cytotoxicity assay against the human liver hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) revealed favorable selectivity indices of the most active harmicines. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated the binding of ligands within the ATP binding site of PfHsp90, while the calculated binding free energies confirmed higher activity of N-harmicines 5 over their O-substituted analogues 6. Amino acids predominantly affecting the binding were identified, which provided guidelines for the further derivatization of the harmine framework towards more efficient agents.
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37
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Belete TM. Recent Progress in the Development of New Antimalarial Drugs with Novel Targets. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3875-3889. [PMID: 33061294 PMCID: PMC7519860 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s265602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a major global health problem that causes significant mortality and morbidity annually. The therapeutic options are scarce and massively challenged by the emergence of resistant parasite strains, which causes a major obstacle to malaria control. To prevent a potential public health emergency, there is an urgent need for new antimalarial drugs, with single-dose cures, broad therapeutic potential, and novel mechanism of action. Antimalarial drug development can follow several approaches ranging from modifications of existing agents to the design of novel agents that act against novel targets. Modern advancement in the biology of the parasite and the availability of the different genomic techniques provide a wide range of novel targets in the development of new therapy. Several promising targets for drug intervention have been revealed in recent years. Therefore, this review focuses on the progress made on the latest scientific and technological advances in the discovery and development of novel antimalarial agents. Among the most interesting antimalarial target proteins currently studied are proteases, protein kinases, Plasmodium sugar transporter inhibitor, aquaporin-3 inhibitor, choline transport inhibitor, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, isoprenoid biosynthesis inhibitor, farnesyltransferase inhibitor and enzymes are involved in lipid metabolism and DNA replication. This review summarizes the novel molecular targets and their inhibitors for antimalarial drug development approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tafere Mulaw Belete
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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38
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de Carvalho LP, Kreidenweiss A, Held J. The preclinical discovery and development of rectal artesunate for the treatment of malaria in young children: a review of the evidence. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:13-22. [PMID: 32921162 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2020.1804357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasmodium falciparum, the deadliest malaria parasite, kills hundreds of thousands of people per year, mainly young children in Sub-Saharan Africa. Artesunate suppositories are recommended as pre-referral malaria treatment in remote endemic areas for severely ill children to prevent progression of the disease and to provide extra time for patients until the definitive severe malaria treatment can be administered. AREAS COVERED The authors provide an overview of the discovery of artesunate and its different formulations focusing on rectal administration, summarizing key studies concerning the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, safety, tolerability and efficacy of rectal artesunate leading to WHO recommendation and market authorization in Africa. In addition, studies on acceptance and adherence to rectal artesunate administration and the post-launch status are also covered. EXPERT OPINION Efforts by ministries of health in malaria endemic countries together with international health organizations should establish and enforce guidelines to ensure the correct use of artesunate suppositories only as pre-referral medication in presumed severe malaria cases to minimize the risk of abuse as a monotherapy for treatment of uncomplicated malaria. The priority is to not jeopardize the efficacy of artesunate and to prevent resistance development against this valuable drug class in Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Kreidenweiss
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen , Tübingen, Germany.,Centre De Recherches Médicales De Lambaréné , Lambaréné, Gabon
| | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen , Tübingen, Germany.,Centre De Recherches Médicales De Lambaréné , Lambaréné, Gabon
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Özcan E, Ökten S, Eren T. Decision making for promising quinoline-based anticancer agents through combined methodology. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22522. [PMID: 32407595 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
During the development of effective drugs for the treatment of cancer, one of the most important tasks is to identify effective drug candidates having maximum antiproliferation and minimum side effects. This paper considers the problem of selecting the most promising anticancer agents, showing inhibition at low IC50 concentration and low releasing lactate dehydrogenase percentage (cytotoxicity). Recently, we prepared quinoline analogs bearing different functional groups and determined their anticancer potential against the HeLa, C6, and HT29 cancer cell lines using different anticancer assays. Experimentally, seven quinoline derivatives consisting of different substituents were determined as promising anticancer agents. We propose a multicriteria recommendation method to identify the most promising anticancer agents against all tested cell lines with an accurate prediction algorithm according to the available input data. A multicriteria decision-making methodology (MCDM) was used for the solution of the relevant problem in this study. Both the experimental results and MCDM method indicated that 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline (2) and 6,8-dibromo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (6) are the most promising anticancer agents against the HeLa, HT29, and C6 cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrencan Özcan
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Salih Ökten
- Division of Science Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey
| | - Tamer Eren
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kırıkkale University, Yahşihan, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Ökten S, Aydın A, Koçyiğit ÜM, Çakmak O, Erkan S, Andac CA, Taslimi P, Gülçin İ. Quinoline‐based promising anticancer and antibacterial agents, and some metabolic enzyme inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000086. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salih Ökten
- Department of Maths and Science EducationKırıkkale UniversityYahşihan Kırıkkale Turkey
| | - Ali Aydın
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of MedicineYozgat Bozok UniversityYozgat Turkey
| | - Ümit M. Koçyiğit
- Department of Basic Pharmacy Sciences, Faculty of PharmacyCumhuriyet UniversitySivas Turkey
| | - Osman Çakmak
- Department of Gastronomy, Faculty of Arts and Designİstanbul Rumeli UniversitySilivri İstanbul Turkey
| | - Sultan Erkan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Yıldızeli Vocational SchoolSivas Cumhuriyet UniversitySivas Turkey
| | - Cenk A. Andac
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of PharmacyIstanbul Istinye UniversityZeytinburnu Istanbul Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of ScienceBartın UniversityBartın Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of SciencesAtatürk UniversityErzurum Turkey
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do Nascimento MFA, Borgati TF, de Souza LCR, Tagliati CA, de Oliveira AB. In silico, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of natural Bignoniaceous naphthoquinones in comparison with atovaquone targeting the selection of potential antimalarial candidates. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 401:115074. [PMID: 32464218 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The natural naphthoquinones lapachol, α- and β-lapachone are found in Bignoniaceous Brazilian plant species of the Tabebuia genus (synonym Handroanthus) and are recognized for diverse bioactivities, including as antimalarial. The aim of the present work was to perform in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluating the antimalarial potential of these three naphthoquinones in comparison with atovaquone, a synthetic antimalarial. The ADMET properties of these compounds were predicted in silico by the preADMET program. The in vitro toxicity assays were experimentally determined in immortalized and tumoral cells from different organs. In vivo acute oral toxicity was also evaluated for lapachol. Several favorable pharmacokinetics data were predicted although, as expected, high cytotoxicity was experimentally determined for β-lapachone. Lapachol was not cytotoxic or showed low cytotoxicity to all of the cells assayed (HepG2, A549, Neuro 2A, LLC-PK1, MRC-5), it was nontoxic in the acute oral test and disclosed the best parasite selectivity index in the in vitro assays against chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum W2 strain. On the other hand, α- and β-lapachone were more potent than lapachol in the antiplasmodial assays but with low parasite selectivity due to their cytotoxicity. The diversity of data here reported disclosed lapachol as a promising candidate to antimalarial drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Fernanda Alves do Nascimento
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Tatiane Freitas Borgati
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Larissa Camila Ribeiro de Souza
- Departamento de Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas, Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Tagliati
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas, Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil
| | - Alaíde Braga de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, MG 31.270-901, Brazil.
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Pasricha S, Gahlot P. Synthetic Strategies and Biological Potential of Coumarin-Chalcone Hybrids: A New Dimension to Drug Design. CURR ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272824666200219091830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Privileged scaffolds are ubiquitous as effective templates in drug discovery regime.
Natural and synthetically derived hybrid molecules are one such attractive scaffold
for therapeutic agent development due to their dual or multiple modes of action, minimum
or no side effects, favourable pharmacokinetics and other advantages. Coumarins and
chalcone are two important classes of natural products affording diverse pharmacological
activities which make them ideal templates for building coumarin-chalcone hybrids as effective
biological scaffold for drug discovery research. Provoked by the promising medicinal
application of hybrid molecules as well as those of coumarins and chalcones, the
medicinal chemists have used molecular hybridisation strategy to report dozens of coumarin-
chalcone hybrids with a wide spectrum of biological properties including anticancer,
antimicrobial, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-tubercular and so on. The present review provides a systematic
summary on synthetic strategies, biological or chemical potential, SAR studies, some mechanisms of action
and some plausible molecular targets of synthetic coumarin-chalcone hybrids published from 2001 till
date. The review is expected to assist medicinal chemists in the effective and successful development of coumarin-
chalcone hybrid based drug discovery regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Pasricha
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, P.O. Box: 110021, New Delhi, India
| | - Pragya Gahlot
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, P.O. Box: 110021, New Delhi, India
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Mishra M, Agarwal S, Dixit A, Mishra VK, Kashaw V, Agrawal RK, Kashaw SK. Integrated computational investigation to develop molecular design of quinazoline scaffold as promising inhibitors of plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.127808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abdel-Sattar E, Abdallah HM, El-Mekkawy S, Ichino C, Kiyohara H, Yamada H. Antimalarial alkaloid from Hypoestes forskaolii. Exp Parasitol 2020; 211:107851. [PMID: 32035972 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Following on from previous studies, we brought further our quest for anti-malarial agents isolated from plants grown in the Saudi Arabian Peninsula. Methanolic extracts were prepared from eighteen Saudi plants and then tested in vitro to assess their anti-malarial effects on Plasmodium falciparum K1, (a chloroquine-resistant strain) as well as their cytotoxicity on MRC5 (human diploid embryonic lung cell line) cells. Moderate anti-malarial activity was observed in extracts prepared from Hypoestes forskaolii (Vahl) R. Br. (IC50 value of 5.5 μg/ml) and Rhus retinorrhaea (IC50: 7.71 μg/ml). The remaining sixteen plant extracts appeared to be inactive (IC50 > 12.5 μg/ml). A novel phenanthro-quinolizidine alkaloid, 15β-hydroxycryptopleurine-N-oxide, was isolated from H. forskaolii using bio-guided fractionation procedures. Chloroquine-resistant (K1) and chloroquine-sensitive (FCR3) strains of P. falciparum appeared very sensitive to the anti-malarial activity of 15β-hydroxycryptopleurine-N-oxide, giving IC50 of 6.11 and 5.13 nM respectively. It showed cytotoxicity against MRC5 "IC50 of 24.45 nM" with selectivity indices of 4.0 and 4.76 against K1 and FCR3 strains, respectively. It is our understanding that this is the first account on phenanthro-quinolizidine alkaloids anti-malarial activity on a chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hossam Mohamed Abdallah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt; Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar El-Mekkawy
- Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
| | - Chikara Ichino
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kiyohara
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
| | - Haruki Yamada
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan; Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8641, Japan
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Yadav BS, Chaturvedi N, Marina N. Recent Advances in System Based Study for Anti-Malarial Drug Development Process. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3367-3377. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190902162105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Presently, malaria is one of the most prevalent and deadly infectious disease across Africa,
Asia, and America that has now started to spread in Europe. Despite large research being carried out in the
field, still, there is a lack of efficient anti-malarial therapeutics. In this paper, we highlight the increasing efforts
that are urgently needed towards the development and discovery of potential antimalarial drugs, which must be
safe and affordable. The new drugs thus mentioned are also able to counter the spread of malaria parasites that
have been resistant to the existing agents.
Objective:
The main objective of the review is to highlight the recent development in the use of system biologybased
approaches towards the design and discovery of novel anti-malarial inhibitors.
Method:
A huge literature survey was performed to gain advance knowledge about the global persistence of
malaria, its available treatment and shortcomings of the available inhibitors. Literature search and depth analysis
were also done to gain insight into the use of system biology in drug discovery and how this approach could be
utilized towards the development of the novel anti-malarial drug.
Results:
The system-based analysis has made easy to understand large scale sequencing data, find candidate
genes expression during malaria disease progression further design of drug molecules those are complementary of
the target proteins in term of shape and configuration.
Conclusion:
The review article focused on the recent computational advances in new generation sequencing,
molecular modeling, and docking related to malaria disease and utilization of the modern system and network
biology approach to antimalarial potential drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh S. Yadav
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Information Science and Technology, Partizahska, Ohrid, Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
| | - Navaneet Chaturvedi
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Information Science and Technology, Partizahska, Ohrid, Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
| | - Ninoslav Marina
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Information Science and Technology, Partizahska, Ohrid, Macedonia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of
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Abstract
Abstract
Primaquine (PQ) has long been recognized as the only effective drug in the treatment of hepatic stage malaria. However, severe toxicity limits its therapeutical application. Combining PQ with chloroquine (CQ) has been reported as enhancing the former’s efficacy, while simultaneously reducing its toxicity. In this study, the optimal conditions for encapsulating PQ-CQ in liposome, including incubation time, temperature and drug to lipid ratio, were identified. Furthermore, the effect of the loading combination of these two drugs on liposomal characteristics and the drug released from liposome was evaluated. Liposome is composed of HSPC, cholesterol and DSPE-mPEG2000 at a molar ratio of 55:40:5 and the drugs were loaded by means of the transmembrane pH gradient method. The particle size, ζ-potential and drug encapsulation efficiency were subsequently evaluated. The results showed that all liposome was produced with a similar particle size and ζ -potential. PQ and CQ could be optimally loaded into liposome by incubating the mixtures at 60°C for 20 minutes at a respective drug to lipid ratio of 1:3 for PQ and CQ. However, compared to single drug loading, dual-loading of PQ+CQ into liposome resulted in lower drug encapsulation and slower drug release. In conclusion, PQ and CQ can be jointly loaded into liposome with differing profiles of encapsulation and drug release.
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Lee SM, Kim MS, Hayat F, Shin D. Recent Advances in the Discovery of Novel Antiprotozoal Agents. Molecules 2019; 24:E3886. [PMID: 31661934 PMCID: PMC6864685 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parasitic diseases have serious health, social, and economic impacts, especially in the tropical regions of the world. Diseases caused by protozoan parasites are responsible for considerable mortality and morbidity, affecting more than 500 million people worldwide. Globally, the burden of protozoan diseases is increasing and is been exacerbated because of a lack of effective medication due to the drug resistance and toxicity of current antiprotozoal agents. These limitations have prompted many researchers to search for new drugs against protozoan parasites. In this review, we have compiled the latest information (2012-2017) on the structures and pharmacological activities of newly developed organic compounds against five major protozoan diseases, giardiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria, trichomoniasis, and trypanosomiasis, with the aim of showing recent advances in the discovery of new antiprotozoal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Min Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Faisal Hayat
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Dongyun Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, 191 Hambakmoe-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21936, Korea.
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Yousefinejad S, Mahboubifar M, Eskandari R. Quantitative structure-activity relationship to predict the anti-malarial activity in a set of new imidazolopiperazines based on artificial neural networks. Malar J 2019; 18:310. [PMID: 31521174 PMCID: PMC6744662 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2941-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background After years of efforts on the control of malaria, it remains as a most deadly infectious disease. A major problem for the available anti-malarial drugs is the occurrence of drug resistance in Plasmodium. Developing of new compounds or modification of existing anti-malarial drugs is an effective approach to face this challenge. Quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) modelling plays an important role in design and modification of anti-malarial compounds by estimation of the activity of the compounds. Methods In this research, the QSAR study was done on anti-malarial activity of 33 imidazolopiperazine compounds based on artificial neural networks (ANN). The structural descriptors of imidazolopiperazine molecules was used as the independents variables and their activity against 3D7 and W2 strains was used as the dependent variables. During modelling process, 70% of compound was used as the training and two 15% of imidazolopiperazines were used as the validation and external test sets. In this work, stepwise multiple linear regression was applied as the valuable selection and ANN with Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm was utilized as an efficient non-linear approach to correlate between structural information of molecules and their anti-malarial activity. Results The sufficiency of the suggested method to estimate the anti-malarial activity of imidazolopiperazine compounds at two 3D7 and W2 strains was demonstrated using statistical parameters, such as correlation coefficient (R2), mean square error (MSE). For instance R2train = 0.947, R2val = 0.959, R2test = 0.920 shows the potential of the suggested model for the prediction of 3D7 activity. Different statistical approaches such as and applicability domain (AD) and y-scrambling was also showed the validity of models. Conclusion QSAR can be an efficient way to virtual screening the molecules to design more efficient compounds with activity against malaria (3D7 and W2 strains). Imidazolopiperazines can be good candidates and change in the structure and functional groups can be done intelligently using QSAR approach to rich more efficient compounds with decreasing trial–error runs during synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yousefinejad
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Marjan Mahboubifar
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rayhaneh Eskandari
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
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Guimarães DSM, de Sousa Luz LS, do Nascimento SB, Silva LR, de Miranda Martins NR, de Almeida HG, de Souza Reis V, Maluf SEC, Budu A, Marinho JA, Abramo C, Carmona AK, da Silva MG, da Silva GR, Kemmer VM, Butera AP, Ribeiro-Viana RM, Gazarini ML, Júnior CSN, Guimarães L, Dos Santos FV, de Castro WV, Viana GHR, de Brito CFA, de Pilla Varotti F. Improvement of antimalarial activity of a 3-alkylpiridine alkaloid analog by replacing the pyridine ring to a thiazole-containing heterocycle: Mode of action, mutagenicity profile, and Caco-2 cell-based permeability. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 138:105015. [PMID: 31344442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of new antimalarial drugs is urgent to overcome the spread of resistance to the current treatment. Herein we synthesized the compound 3, a hit-to‑lead optimization of a thiazole based on the most promising 3-alkylpyridine marine alkaloid analog. Compound 3 was tested against Plasmodium falciparum and has shown to be more potent than its precursor (IC50 values of 1.55 and 14.7 μM, respectively), with higher selectivity index (74.7) for noncancerous human cell line. This compound was not mutagenic and showed genotoxicity only at concentrations four-fold higher than its IC50. Compound 3 was tested in vivo against Plasmodium berghei NK65 strain and inhibited the development of parasite at 50 mg/kg. In silico and UV-vis approaches determined that compound 3 acts impairing hemozoin crystallization and confocal microscopy experiments corroborate these findings as the compound was capable of diminishing food vacuole acidity. The assay of uptake using human intestinal Caco-2 cell line showed that compound 3 is absorbed similarly to chloroquine, a standard antimalarial agent. Therefore, we present here compound 3 as a potent new lead antimalarial compound.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Letícia Silveira de Sousa Luz
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Sara Batista do Nascimento
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Lorena Rabelo Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Natália Rezende de Miranda Martins
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil
| | - Heloísa Gonçalves de Almeida
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, 74 Dom Helvécio Square, São João del Rei, MG 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Vitória de Souza Reis
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, 74 Dom Helvécio Square, São João del Rei, MG 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Sarah El Chamy Maluf
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Biofísica, 669 Pedro de Toledo Street, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Budu
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Biofísica, 669 Pedro de Toledo Street, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil.
| | - Juliane Aparecida Marinho
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, José Lourenço Kelmer Street, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Clarice Abramo
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, José Lourenço Kelmer Street, Juiz de Fora, MG 36036-900, Brazil.
| | - Adriana Karaoglanovic Carmona
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Biofísica, 669 Pedro de Toledo Street, São Paulo, SP 04039-032, Brazil.
| | - Marina Goulart da Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil.
| | - Gisele Rodrigues da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Departamento de Farmácia, Campus Morro do Cruzeiro, w/n, Bauxita, Ouro Preto, MG 35400-000, Brazil.
| | - Victor Matheus Kemmer
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Química, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Anna Paola Butera
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Departamento de Química, Londrina, PR 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Renato Márcio Ribeiro-Viana
- Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Departamento Acadêmico de Química (DAQUI), Londrina, PR, 6036-370, Brazil.
| | - Marcos Leoni Gazarini
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Biociências, 136 Silva Jardim Street, Santos, SP 11015-020, Brazil.
| | | | - Luciana Guimarães
- Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, Campus Dom Bosco, 74 Dom Helvécio Square, São João del Rei, MG 36301-160, Brazil
| | - Fabio Vieira Dos Santos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil.
| | - Whocely Victor de Castro
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Henrique Ribeiro Viana
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil.
| | | | - Fernando de Pilla Varotti
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Química Biológica, Universidade Federal de São João Del-Rei - Campus Centro Oeste, 400 Sebastião Gonçalves Coelho Street, Divinópolis, MG 35501-296, Brazil.
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Liao J, Pan B, Liao G, Zhao Q, Gao Y, Chai X, Zhuo X, Wu Q, Jiao B, Pan W, Guo Z. Synthesis and immunological studies of β-1,2-mannan-peptide conjugates as antifungal vaccines. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:250-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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