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Bai YR, Seng DJ, Xu Y, Zhang YD, Zhou WJ, Jia YY, Song J, He ZX, Liu HM, Yuan S. A comprehensive review of small molecule drugs approved by the FDA in 2023: Advances and prospects. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 276:116706. [PMID: 39053188 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved 55 novel medications, consisting of 17 biologics license applications and 38 new molecular entities. Although the biologics license applications including antibody and enzyme replacement therapy set a historical record, the new molecular entities comprising small molecule drugs, diagnostic agent, RNA interference therapy and biomacromolecular peptide still account for over 50 % of the newly approved medications. The novel and privileged scaffolds derived from drugs, active molecules and natural products are consistently associated with the discovery of new mechanisms, the expansion of clinical indications and the reduction of side effects. Moreover, the structural modifications based on the promising scaffolds can provide the clinical candidates with the improved biological activities, bypass the patent protection and greatly shorten the period of new drug discovery. Therefore, conducting an appraisal of drug approval experience and related information will expedite the identification of more potent drug molecules. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the pertinent information encompassing the clinical application, mechanism, elegant design and development processes of 28 small molecule drugs, and expected to provide the promising structural basis and design inspiration for pharmaceutical chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ru Bai
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dong-Jie Seng
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Ying Xu
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yao-Dong Zhang
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Wen-Juan Zhou
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Yang-Yang Jia
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhang-Xu He
- Pharmacy College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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2
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Shen DD, Zhang YL, Li X, Bai YR, Xiong JF, Seng DJ, Zhang YD, Liu HM, Yuan S, Yang L. The mechanism of action and chemical synthesis of FDA newly approved drug molecules. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22260. [PMID: 39254376 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
In 2023, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved 29 small molecule drugs. These newly approved small molecule drugs possess the distinct scaffolds, thereby exhibiting diverse mechanisms of action and binding modalities. Moreover, the marketed drugs have always been an important source of new drug development and creative inspiration, thereby fostering analogous endeavors in drug discovery that potentially extend to the diverse clinical indications. Therefore, conducting a comprehensive evaluation of drug approval experience and associated information will facilitate the expedited identification of highly potent drug molecules. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the relevant information regarding the clinical applications, mechanisms of action and chemical synthesis of 29 small molecule drugs, with the aim of providing a promising structural basis and design inspiration for pharmaceutical chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yue-Lin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ru Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun-Feng Xiong
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dong-Jie Seng
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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3
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Zheng J, Li D, Dong J, Wang P, Geng H. Design, synthesis and inhibitory activity against Candida albicans of a series of derivatives with 5-nitrofuran scaffold. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10892-y. [PMID: 38811449 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10892-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The increasing resistance of Candida albicans against the currently available antifungal drugs has exerted enormous damage to human health. To develop novel and efficient antifungal agents with unique structure, a series of derivatives containing 5-nitrofuran scaffold (33 examples) were designed, synthesized, and screened the in vitro antifungal activities. Bioassay results disclosed that 5-nitrofuran derivatives could dramatically inhibit the growth of six strains of Candida albicans, particularly the drug-resistant clinical ones. There were ten kinds of compounds exhibited stronger inhibitory activities against tested fungi than those of fluconazole. For all tested fungi, B5 showed the highest activity with the MIC80 values of 0.25-8 µg/mL. The results of cytotoxicity assay displayed that B5 hardly influenced the growth of HL-7702 cell lines, consequently, it was safe for people and animals. The preliminary exploration of antifungal mechanism documented that B5 could destroy the morphology of tested fungi, facilitate the formation of reactive oxygen species, ultimately inhibited the proliferation of the tested fungi. In conclusion, a new and safe lead compound was successfully developed for the treatment of Candida albicans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinshuo Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R & D in Shaanxi Province, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Dongchun Li
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia Dong
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Panchen Wang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huiling Geng
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Botanical Pesticide R & D in Shaanxi Province, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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Sever B, Otsuka M, Fujita M, Ciftci H. A Review of FDA-Approved Anti-HIV-1 Drugs, Anti-Gag Compounds, and Potential Strategies for HIV-1 Eradication. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3659. [PMID: 38612471 PMCID: PMC11012182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an enormous global health threat stemming from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. Up to now, the tremendous advances in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) have shifted HIV-1 infection from a fatal illness into a manageable chronic disorder. However, the presence of latent reservoirs, the multifaceted nature of HIV-1, drug resistance, severe off-target effects, poor adherence, and high cost restrict the efficacy of current cART targeting the distinct stages of the virus life cycle. Therefore, there is an unmet need for the discovery of new therapeutics that not only bypass the limitations of the current therapy but also protect the body's health at the same time. The main goal for complete HIV-1 eradication is purging latently infected cells from patients' bodies. A potential strategy called "lock-in and apoptosis" targets the budding phase of the life cycle of the virus and leads to susceptibility to apoptosis of HIV-1 infected cells for the elimination of HIV-1 reservoirs and, ultimately, for complete eradication. The current work intends to present the main advantages and disadvantages of United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anti-HIV-1 drugs as well as plausible strategies for the design and development of more anti-HIV-1 compounds with better potency, favorable pharmacokinetic profiles, and improved safety issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgin Sever
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Türkiye;
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Masami Otsuka
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
| | - Mikako Fujita
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
| | - Halilibrahim Ciftci
- Medicinal and Biological Chemistry Science Farm Joint Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan;
- Department of Drug Discovery, Science Farm Ltd., Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
- Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir 35620, Türkiye
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Subbaiah MAM, Rautio J, Meanwell NA. Prodrugs as empowering tools in drug discovery and development: recent strategic applications of drug delivery solutions to mitigate challenges associated with lead compounds and drug candidates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2099-2210. [PMID: 38226865 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of a drug to a specific organ or tissue at an efficacious concentration is the pharmacokinetic (PK) hallmark of promoting effective pharmacological action at a target site with an acceptable safety profile. Sub-optimal pharmaceutical or ADME profiles of drug candidates, which can often be a function of inherently poor physicochemical properties, pose significant challenges to drug discovery and development teams and may contribute to high compound attrition rates. Medicinal chemists have exploited prodrugs as an informed strategy to productively enhance the profiles of new chemical entities by optimizing the physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, and pharmacokinetic properties as well as selectively delivering a molecule to the site of action as a means of addressing a range of limitations. While discovery scientists have traditionally employed prodrugs to improve solubility and membrane permeability, the growing sophistication of prodrug technologies has enabled a significant expansion of their scope and applications as an empowering tool to mitigate a broad range of drug delivery challenges. Prodrugs have emerged as successful solutions to resolve non-linear exposure, inadequate exposure to support toxicological studies, pH-dependent absorption, high pill burden, formulation challenges, lack of feasibility of developing solid and liquid dosage forms, first-pass metabolism, high dosing frequency translating to reduced patient compliance and poor site-specific drug delivery. During the period 2012-2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 50 prodrugs, which amounts to 13% of approved small molecule drugs, reflecting both the importance and success of implementing prodrug approaches in the pursuit of developing safe and effective drugs to address unmet medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra Phase IV, Bangalore, PIN 560099, India.
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Tian XY, Zhang WX, Chen XY, Jia MQ, Zhang SY, Chen YF, Yuan S, Song J, Li J. Discovery of novel coumarin-based derivatives as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization targeting the colchicine binding site with potent anti-gastric cancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 265:116079. [PMID: 38150962 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel coumarin-based derivatives were designed and synthesized as tubulin polymerization inhibitors targeting the colchicine binding site, and their antiproliferative activities against MGC-803, HCT-116 and KYSE30 cells were evaluated. Among them, the compound I-3 (MY-1442) bearing a 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline group exhibited most potent inhibitory activities on MGC-803 (IC50 = 0.034 μM), HCT-116 (IC50 = 0.081 μM) and KYSE30 cells (IC50 = 0.19 μM). Further mechanism studies demonstrated that compound I-3 (MY-1442) could directly bind to the colchicine binding site of β-tubulin to inhibit tubulin polymerization and microtubules at the cellular level. The results of molecular docking indicated there were well binding interactions between compound I-3 (MY-1442) and the colchicine binding site of β-tubulin. Compound I-3 (MY-1442) also exhibited effective anti-proliferation, pro-apoptosis, and anti-migration abilities against gastric cancer cells MGC-803. Additionally, compound I-3 (MY-1442) could regulate the expression of cell cycle- and apoptosis-related proteins. Importantly, compound I-3 (MY-1442) could significantly inhibit tumor growth in the MGC-803 xenograft tumor model with a TGI rate of 65.5 % at 30 mg/kg/day. Taken together, this work suggested that the coumarin skeleton exhibited great potential to be a key pharmacophore of tubulin polymerization inhibitors for the discovery of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei-Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mei-Qi Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention &Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450018, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
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Hossain M, Habib I, Singha K, Kumar A. FDA-approved heterocyclic molecules for cancer treatment: Synthesis, dosage, mechanism of action and their adverse effect. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23172. [PMID: 38163206 PMCID: PMC10755292 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
As the incorporation of heterocycles increases the physical characteristics and biological activity of pharmacological molecules, heterocyclic scaffolds are commonly discovered as common cores in a wide spectrum of biologically active drugs. In the contemporary context, many heterocycles have arisen, playing vital roles in diverse pharmaceutical compounds that benefit humanity. Over 85 % of FDA-approved medication molecules contain heterocycles, and most importantly, numerous heterocyclic medicinal molecules indicate potential benefits against a range: of malignancies. The unique flexibility and dynamic core scaffold of these compounds have aided anticancer research. These medications are used to treat cancer patients by targeting particular genes, enzymes, and receptors. Aside from the drugs that are now on the market, numerous forms are being researched for their potential anti-cancer activity. Here in this review, we classified some molecules and biologically active heterocycles containing anticancer medicinal moieties approved by the FDA between 2019 and 2021 based on their use in various forms of cancer. We will focus on those that are suitable for cancer treatment, as well as the essential biochemical mechanisms of action, biological targets, synthetic methods, and inherent limiting considerations in their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mossaraf Hossain
- Synthetic Organic Research Laboratory, UGC-HRDC (Chemistry), University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Imran Habib
- Synthetic Organic Research Laboratory, UGC-HRDC (Chemistry), University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Koustav Singha
- Synthetic Organic Research Laboratory, UGC-HRDC (Chemistry), University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734013, India
| | - Anoop Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, 734013, India
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Mehta V, Dwivedi AR, Ludhiadch A, Rana V, Goel KK, Uniyal P, Joshi G, Kumar A, Kumar B. A decade of USFDA-approved small molecules as anti-inflammatory agents: Recent trends and Commentaries on the "industrial" perspective. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115942. [PMID: 38000212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is the human body's defence process against various pathogens, toxic substances, irradiation, and physically injured cells that have been damaged. Inflammation is characterized by swelling, pain, redness, heat, as well as diminished tissue function. Multiple important inflammatory markers determine the prognosis of inflammatory processes, which include likes of pro-inflammatory cytokines which are controlled by nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway, all of which are activated in response to the stimulation of specific receptors. Besides these, the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme family also plays a significant role in inflammation. The current review is kept forth to compile a summary of small molecules-based drugs approved by the USFDA during the study period of 2013-2023. A thorough discussion has also been made to focus on biologics, macromolecules, and small chemical entities approved during this study period and their greener synthetic routes with a brief discussion on the chemical spacing parameters of anti-inflammatory drugs. The compilation is expected to assist the medicinal chemist and the scientist actively engaged in drug discovery and development of anti-inflammatory agents from newer perspectives during the current years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikrant Mehta
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | | | - Abhilash Ludhiadch
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Vikas Rana
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Clement town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kapil Kumar Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar, 249404, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Prerna Uniyal
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Clement town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gaurav Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Chauras Campus, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India; Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Asim Kumar
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy (AIP), Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, 122413, India.
| | - Bhupinder Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, HNB Garhwal University, Chauras Campus, Garhwal, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, 246174, India.
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Shi XY, Jiao H, Zhang JK, Tian XY, Guo DF, Gao J, Jia MQ, Song J, Zhang SY, Fu XJ, Tang HW. Discovery of novel arylamide derivatives containing piperazine moiety as inhibitors of tubulin polymerisation with potent liver cancer inhibitory activity. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2237701. [PMID: 37489043 PMCID: PMC10392279 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2237701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel arylamide derivatives containing piperazine moiety were designed and synthesised as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors. Among 25 target compounds, compound 16f (MY-1121) exhibited low nanomolar IC50 values ranging from 0.089 to 0.238 μM against nine human cancer cells. Its inhibitory effects on liver cancer cells were particularly evident with IC50 values of 89.42 and 91.62 nM for SMMC-7721 and HuH-7 cells, respectively. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that compound 16f (MY-1121) could bind to the colchicine binding site of β-tubulin and directly act on β-tubulin, thus inhibiting tubulin polymerisation. Additionally, compound 16f (MY-1121) could inhibit colony forming ability, cause morphological changes, block cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase, induce cell apoptosis, and regulate the expression of cell cycle and cell apoptosis related proteins in liver cancer cells. Overall, the promising bioactivities of compound 16f (MY-1121) make the novel arylamide derivatives have the value for further development as tubulin polymerisation inhibitors with potent anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Shi
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huang Jiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jia-Kai Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Feng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mei-Qi Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Jing Fu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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10
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Sheikhi N, Bahraminejad M, Saeedi M, Mirfazli SS. A review: FDA-approved fluorine-containing small molecules from 2015 to 2022. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 260:115758. [PMID: 37657268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-containing small molecules have occupied a special position in drug discovery research. The successful clinical use of fluorinated corticosteroids in the 1950s and fluoroquinolones in the 1980s led to an ever-increasing number of approved fluorinated compounds over the last 50 years. They have shown various biological properties such as antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Fluoro-pharmaceuticals have been considered a strong and practical tool in the rational drug design approach due to their benefits from potency and ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) points of view. Herein, approved fluorinated drugs from 2015 to 2022 were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Sheikhi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahraminejad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Saeedi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Persian Medicine and Pharmacy Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyedeh Sara Mirfazli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Zhang WX, Huang J, Tian XY, Liu YH, Jia MQ, Wang W, Jin CY, Song J, Zhang SY. A review of progress in o-aminobenzamide-based HDAC inhibitors with dual targeting capabilities for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115673. [PMID: 37487305 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases, as a new class of anticancer targets, could maintain homeostasis by catalyzing histone deacetylation and play important roles in regulating the expression of target genes. Due to the fact that simultaneous intervention with dual tumor related targets could improve treatment effects, researches on innovative design of dual-target drugs are underway. HDAC is known as a "sensitizer" for the synergistic effects with other anticancer-target drugs because of its flexible structure design. The synergistic effects of HDAC inhibitor and other target inhibitors usually show enhanced inhibitory effects on tumor cells, and also provide new strategies to overcome multidrug resistance. Many research groups have reported that simultaneously inhibiting HDAC and other targets, such as tubulin, EGFR, could enhance the therapeutic effects. The o-aminobenzamide group is often used as a ZBG group in the design of HDAC inhibitors with potent antitumor effects. Given the prolonged inhibitory effects and reduced toxic side effects of HDAC inhibitors using o-aminobenzamide as the ZBG group, the o-aminobenzamide group is expected to become a more promising alternative to hydroxamic acid. In fact, o-aminobenzamide-based dual inhibitors of HDAC with different chemical structures have been extensively prepared and reported with synergistic and enhanced anti-tumor effects. In this work, we first time reviewed the rational design, molecular docking, inhibitory activities and potential application of o-aminobenzamide-based HDAC inhibitors with dual targeting capabilities in cancer therapy, which might provide a reference for developing new and more effective anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xin-Yi Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yun-He Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mei-Qi Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wang Wang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471934, China
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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12
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Yuan S, Shen DD, Jia R, Sun JS, Song J, Liu HM. New drug approvals for 2022: Synthesis and clinical applications. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:2352-2391. [PMID: 37211904 DOI: 10.1002/med.21976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved a total of 37 new drugs in 2022, which are composed of 20 chemical entities and 17 biologics. In particular, 20 chemical entities, including 17 small molecule drugs, 1 radiotherapy, and 2 diagnostic agents, provide privileged scaffolds, breakthrough clinical benefits, and a new mechanism of action for the discovery of more potent clinical candidates. The structure-based drug development with clear targets and fragment-based drug development with privileged scaffolds have always been the important modules in the field of drug discovery, which could easily bypass the patent protection and bring about improved biological activity. Therefore, we summarized the relevant valuable information about clinical application, mechanism of action, and chemical synthesis of 17 newly approved small molecule drugs in 2022. We hope this timely and comprehensive review could bring about creative and elegant inspiration on the synthetic methodologies and mechanism of action for the discovery of new drugs with novel chemical scaffolds and extended clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yuan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Endometrial Disease Prevention and Treatment Zhengzhou China, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Jia
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ju-Shan Sun
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Min Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Zhang YF, Huang J, Zhang WX, Liu YH, Wang X, Song J, Jin CY, Zhang SY. Tubulin degradation: Principles, agents, and applications. Bioorg Chem 2023; 139:106684. [PMID: 37356337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The microtubule system plays an important role in the mitosis and growth of eukaryotic cells, and it is considered as an appealing and highly successful molecular target for cancer treatment. In fact, microtubule targeting agents, such as paclitaxel and vinblastine, have been approved by FDA for tumor therapy, which have achieved significant therapeutic effects and sales performance. At present, microtubule targeting agents mainly include microtubule-destabilizing agents, microtubule-stabilizing agents, and a few tubulin degradation agents. Although there are few reports about tubulin degradation agents at present, tubulin degradation agents show great potential in overcoming multidrug resistance and reducing neurotoxicity. In addition, some natural drugs could specifically degrade tubulin in tumor cells, but have no effect in normal cells, thus showing a good biosafety profile. Therefore, tubulin degradation agents might exhibit a better application. Currently, some small molecules have been designed to promote tubulin degradation with potent antiproliferative activities, showing the potential for cancer treatment. In this work, we reviewed the reports on tubulin degradation, and focused on the degradation mechanism and important functional groups of chemically synthesized compounds, hoping to provide help for the degradation design of tubulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jiao Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei-Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yun-He Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Cheng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Sai-Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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14
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Zhang JY, Wang YT, Sun L, Wang SQ, Chen ZS. Synthesis and clinical application of new drugs approved by FDA in 2022. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2023; 4:26. [PMID: 37661221 PMCID: PMC10475455 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-023-00138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The pharmaceutical industry had a glorious year in 2022, with a total of 37 new drugs including 20 new chemical entities (NCEs) and 17 new biological entities (NBEs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These drugs are mainly concentrated in oncology, central nervous system, antiinfection, hematology, cardiomyopathy, dermatology, digestive system, ophthalmology, MRI enhancer and other therapeutic fields. Of the 37 drugs, 25 (68%) were approved through an expedited review pathway, and 19 (51%) were approved to treat rare diseases. These newly listed drugs have unique structures and new mechanisms of action, which can serve as lead compounds for designing new drugs with similar biological targets and enhancing therapeutic efficacy. This review aims to outline the clinical applications and synthetic methods of 19 NCEs newly approved by the FDA in 2022, but excludes contrast agent (Xenon Xe-129). We believe that an in-depth understanding of the synthetic methods of drug molecules will provide innovative and practical inspiration for the development of new, more effective, and practical synthetic techniques. According to the therapeutic areas of these 2022 FDA-approved drugs, we have classified these 19 NCEs into seven categories and will introduce them in the order of their approval for marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Ya-Tao Wang
- First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, 476100, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Lu Sun
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
- Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China.
| | - Sai-Qi Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA.
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15
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Rizzo C, Amata S, Pibiri I, Pace A, Buscemi S, Palumbo Piccionello A. FDA-Approved Fluorinated Heterocyclic Drugs from 2016 to 2022. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097728. [PMID: 37175436 PMCID: PMC10178595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The inclusion of fluorine atoms or heterocyclic moiety into drug structures represents a recurrent motif in medicinal chemistry. The combination of these two features is constantly appearing in new molecular entities with various biological activities. This is demonstrated by the increasing number of newly synthesized fluorinated heterocyclic compounds among the Food and Drug Administration FDA-approved drugs. In this review, the biological activity, as well as the synthetic aspects, of 33 recently FDA-approved fluorinated heterocyclic drugs from 2016 to 2022 are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Rizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sara Amata
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ivana Pibiri
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Pace
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Silvestre Buscemi
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Palumbo Piccionello
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy
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16
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Zhang L, Li H, Liu J, Sun G, Tang X, Xu S, Zhang L, Zhang W, Ai B. The screening of compounds regulating PD-L1 transcriptional activity in a cell functional high-throughput manner. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9815-9825. [PMID: 36965083 PMCID: PMC10166909 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoints are protein molecules expressed on the immune cell membrane, which regulate the immune system to kill tumor cells. As an essential immune checkpoint, overexpressed PD-1 on tumor cells could inhibit T-cell activation after being bonded to PD-1. Due to this inhibitory effect, T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion are suppressed, leading to immune escape of tumor cells. Here, we established a high-throughput method based on cell function screening technology to screen drugs regulating PD-L1 expression in tumor cells at the transcriptional level. After two screening rounds, 12 compounds that enhanced PD-L1 transcription while seven weakened were sorted out among 1018 FDA-approved drugs. Finally, a tumor cell line was used to verify the upregulation of endogenous PD-L1 expression for a drug named "vorinostat," a histone deacetylation inhibitor, after the two rounds of optional selection. Therefore, our research provides another perspective for using "vorinostat" in treating tumors and offers a convenient method to detect the transcriptional expression of other intracellular proteins besides PD-L1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanxin Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hexin Li
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingchao Liu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gaoyuan Sun
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaokun Tang
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Clinical Biobank, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Ai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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17
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Yuan S, Wang DS, Liu H, Zhang SN, Yang WG, Lv M, Zhou YX, Zhang SY, Song J, Liu HM. New drug approvals for 2021: Synthesis and clinical applications. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 245:114898. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Paparella AN, Messa F, Dilauro G, Troisi L, Perrone S, Salomone A. A Glycerol‐Based Deep Eutectic Solvent as Natural Medium and Organic Reductant for Homocoupling of (Hetero)Aryl Chlorides: a Green Route to 2,2’‐Bipyridine and Biaryl Scaffolds. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicola Paparella
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Università del Salento Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni I-73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Francesco Messa
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Università del Salento Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni I-73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Giuseppe Dilauro
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Università degli Studi di Bari ‘‘Aldo Moro'' Via E. Orabona 4 I-70125 Bari Italy
| | - Luigino Troisi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Università del Salento Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni I-73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Serena Perrone
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali Università del Salento Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni I-73100 Lecce Italy
| | - Antonio Salomone
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università deli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Consorzio C.I.N.M.P.I.S. Via Orabona, 4 I-70125 Bari Italy
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19
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Flick AC, Leverett CA, Ding HX, McInturff EL, Fink SJ, Mahapatra S, Carney DW, Lindsey EA, DeForest JC, France SP, Berritt S, Bigi-Botterill SV, Gibson TS, Watson RB, Liu Y, O'Donnell CJ. Synthetic Approaches to the New Drugs Approved During 2020. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9607-9661. [PMID: 35833579 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
New drugs introduced to the market are privileged structures that have affinities for biological targets implicated in human diseases and conditions. These new chemical entities (NCEs), particularly small molecules and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), provide insight into molecular recognition and simultaneously function as leads for the design of future medicines. This Review is part of a continuing series presenting the most likely process-scale synthetic approaches to 44 new chemical entities approved for the first time anywhere in the world during 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Flick
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Carolyn A Leverett
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Hong X Ding
- Pharmacodia (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Beijing 100085, China
| | - Emma L McInturff
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Sarah J Fink
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 125 Binney Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States
| | - Subham Mahapatra
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Daniel W Carney
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Erick A Lindsey
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Jacob C DeForest
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10777 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Scott P France
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Simon Berritt
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | | | - Tony S Gibson
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, 9625 Towne Centre Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Rebecca B Watson
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, La Jolla Laboratories, 10777 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Yiyang Liu
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton Laboratories, 445 Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
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20
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Ujiantari NSO, Ham S, Nagiri C, Shihoya W, Nureki O, Hutchinson DS, Schuster D. Pharmacophore-guided Virtual Screening to Identify New β 3 -adrenergic Receptor Agonists. Mol Inform 2022; 41:e2100223. [PMID: 34963040 PMCID: PMC9400856 DOI: 10.1002/minf.202100223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The β3 -adrenergic receptor (β3 -AR) is found in several tissues such as adipose tissue and urinary bladder. It is a therapeutic target because it plays a role in thermogenesis, lipolysis, and bladder relaxation. Two β3 -AR agonists are used clinically: mirabegron 1 and vibegron 2, which are indicated for overactive bladder syndrome. However, these drugs show adverse effects, including increased blood pressure in mirabegron patients. Hence, new β3 -AR agonists are needed as starting points for drug development. Previous pharmacophore modeling studies of the β3 -AR did not involve experimental in vitro validation. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct prospective virtual screening and confirm the biological activity of virtual hits. Ligand-based pharmacophore modeling was performed since no 3D structure of human β3 -AR is yet available. A dataset consisting of β3 -AR agonists was prepared to build and validate the pharmacophore models. The best model was employed for prospective virtual screening, followed by physicochemical property filtering and a docking evaluation. To confirm the activity of the virtual hits, an in vitro assay was conducted, measuring cAMP levels at the cloned β3 -AR. Out of 35 tested compounds, 4 compounds were active in CHO-K1 cells expressing the human β3 -AR, and 8 compounds were active in CHO-K1 cells expressing the mouse β3 -AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navista Sri Octa Ujiantari
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruck6020Austria
- Faculty of PharmacyUniversitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta55281Indonesia
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg5020Austria
| | - Seungmin Ham
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria3052Australia
| | - Chisae Nagiri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Wataru Shihoya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of ScienceUniversity of TokyoTokyo113-0033Japan
| | - Dana Sabine Hutchinson
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical SciencesMonash UniversityVictoria3052Australia
| | - Daniela Schuster
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of InnsbruckInnsbruck6020Austria
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryParacelsus Medical UniversitySalzburg5020Austria
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21
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Kaur C, Sharma S, Thakur A, Sharma R. ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESIS: A GLANCE AT VARIOUS METHODOLOGIES FOR DIFFERENT FRAMEWORKS. CURR ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272826666220610162605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Asymmetric reactions have made a significant advancement over the past few decades and involved the production of enantiomerically pure molecules using enantioselective organocatalysis, chiral auxiliaries/substrates, and reagents via controlling the absolute stereochemistry. The laboratory synthesis from an enantiomerically impure starting material gives a combination of enantiomers which are difficult to separate for chemists in the fields of medicine, chromatography, pharmacology, asymmetric synthesis, studies of structure-function relationships of proteins, life sciences and mechanistic studies. This challenging step of separation can be avoided by the use of asymmetric synthesis. Using pharmacologically relevant scaffolds/pharmacophores, the drug designing can also be achieved using asymmetric synthesis to synthesize receptor specific pharmacologically active chiral molecules. This approach can be used to synthesize asymmetric molecules from wide variety of reactants using specific asymmetric conditions which is also beneficial for environment due to less usage and discharge of chemicals into the environment. So, in this review, we have focused on the inclusive collation of diverse mechanisms in this area, to encourage auxiliary studies of asymmetric reactions to develop selective, efficient, environment-friendly and high yielding advanced processes in asymmetric reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charanjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar, Punjab, 143002
| | - Sachin Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
| | | | - Ram Sharma
- School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan
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22
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Frazier KS. Kidney Effects by Alternative Classes of Medicines in Patients and Relationship to Effects in Nonclinical Toxicity Studies. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:408-414. [PMID: 35608030 DOI: 10.1177/01926233221100414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury has historically been associated with renal tubule injury related to small molecule pharmaceuticals such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antineoplastic agents, or antibiotics, but as a greater number of alternative classes of medicines such as biotherapeutics, molecular-targeted antineoplastic drugs, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, oligonucleotide therapies, or other immunomodulatory drugs come to market, the presentation of drug-induced nephrotoxicity is changing. This review article describes the potential rare clinical events in drug-induced kidney injury that might be noted with these new therapies and their potential impact on patients. Potential pathogenic mechanisms related to immunogenicity, immune complex formation, and stimulation of downstream proinflammatory pathways with some of these alternative medicine classes have resulted in the potential for glomerulonephritis, acute interstitial nephritis, renal vasculitis, and other immune-mediated renal disorders in humans. This contrasts with nonclinical toxicity studies, where biologic therapies more often result in vasculitis and glomerulonephritis associated with antidrug antibodies and immunomodulatory pharmacology, and which are not always predictive of clinical effects. While nonclinical antidrug antibody-related renal disease is generally not clinically relevant, other immune-mediated nephrotoxicities associated with immunomodulatory drugs may be predictive of clinical adverse events. Fortunately, these conditions are still rare and account for a small percentage of serious adverse events in kidneys of patients.
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23
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Pralsetinib: chemical and therapeutic development with FDA authorization for the management of RET fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancers. Arch Pharm Res 2022; 45:309-327. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-022-01385-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Zhao H, Caldora HP, Turner O, Douglas JJ, Leonori D. A Desaturative Approach for Aromatic Aldehyde Synthesis via Synergistic Enamine, Photoredox and Cobalt Triple Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201870. [PMID: 35196413 PMCID: PMC9311220 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic aldehydes are fundamental intermediates that are widely utilised for the synthesis of important materials across the broad spectrum of chemical industries. Accessing highly substituted derivatives can often be difficult as their functionalizations are generally performed via electrophilic aromatic substitution, SEAr. Here we provide an alternative and mechanistically distinct approach whereby aromatic aldehydes are assembled from saturated precursors via a desaturative process. This novel strategy harnesses the high‐fidelity of Diels–Alder cycloadditions to quickly construct multi‐substituted cyclohexenecarbaldehyde cores which undergo desaturation via the synergistic interplay of enamine, photoredox and cobalt triple catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Henry P Caldora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Oliver Turner
- Oncology R&DI Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca, Darwin Building, Unit 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK
| | - James J Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52056, Aachen, Germany
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25
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Zhao H, Caldora HP, Turner O, Douglas JJ, Leonori D. A Desaturative Approach for Aromatic Aldehyde Synthesis via Synergistic Enamine, Photoredox and Cobalt Triple Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaibo Zhao
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Henry P. Caldora
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Oliver Turner
- Oncology R&DI Medicinal Chemistry, AstraZeneca Darwin Building, Unit 310, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road Cambridge CB4 0WG UK
| | - James J. Douglas
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences R&D AstraZeneca Macclesfield UK
| | - Daniele Leonori
- Department of Chemistry University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Institute of Organic Chemistry RWTH Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52056 Aachen Germany
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26
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Abdelhamid IA, Shaaban MR, Elwahy AH. Bis-aldehydes: Versatile precursors for bis-heterocycles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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27
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Li G, Lou M, Qi X. A brief overview of classical natural product drug synthesis and bioactivity. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo01341f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript briefly overviewed the total synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of eight classical natural products, which emphasizes the important role of total synthesis in natural product-based drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Li
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Mingliang Lou
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiangbing Qi
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), 7 Science Park Road ZGC Life Science Park, Beijing 102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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28
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Feng S, Ren B, Li L, Xia F, Tang Z, Zhang Y, Liu X, Lu Q, Zhong W. Highly Efficient Ruthenium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenation of N-Heteroaryl Vinyl Ethers. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo00448h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly efficient N-heteroaryl-directed Ru-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α,α-disubstituted vinyl ethers is successfully achieved by using commercially available ligand (R/S)-RuCl[(p-cymene)(BINAP)]Cl. Hundred-gram scale-up of 6b has been successfully completed with consistent ee...
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29
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Liu A, Han J, Nakano A, Konno H, Moriwaki H, Abe H, Izawa K, Soloshonok VA. New pharmaceuticals approved by FDA in 2020: Small-molecule drugs derived from amino acids and related compounds. Chirality 2021; 34:86-103. [PMID: 34713503 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Amino acids (AAs) play an important role in the modern health industry as key synthetic precursors for pharmaceuticals, biomaterials, biosensors, and drug delivery systems. Currently, over 30% of small-molecule drugs contain residues of tailor-made AAs or derived from them amino-alcohols and di-amines. In this review article, we profile 12 AA-derived new pharmaceuticals approved by the FDA in 2020. These newly introduced drugs include Tazverik (epithelioid sarcoma), Gemtesa (overactive bladder), Zeposia (multiple sclerosis), Byfavo (induction and maintenance of procedural sedation), Cu 64 dotatate, and Gallium 68 PSMA-11 (both PET imaging), Rimegepant (acute migraine), Zepzelca (lung cancer), Remdesivir (COVID-19), Amisulpride (nausea and vomiting), Setmelanotide (obesity), and Lonafarnib (progeria syndrome). For each compound, we describe the spectrum of biological activity, medicinal chemistry discovery, and synthetic preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiyao Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Arina Nakano
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Vadim A Soloshonok
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, San Sebastián, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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30
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Hughes DL. Review of Synthetic Routes and Crystalline Forms of the Oncology Drugs Capmatinib, Selpercatinib, and Pralsetinib. Org Process Res Dev 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.1c00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David L. Hughes
- Cidara Therapeutics6755 Mira Mesa Boulevard, Suite
123-217, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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31
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Tokareva MA, Keaveney ST, Pernik I, Messerle BA, Glukhareva TV. Synthesis of New 4‐Vinyl‐1,2,3‐Thiadiazoles. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Tokareva
- Institute of Chemical Technology Ural Federal University 19 Mira Str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- Department of Molecular Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
| | - Sinead T. Keaveney
- Department of Molecular Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Indrek Pernik
- School of Chemistry The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Barbara A. Messerle
- School of Chemistry The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Tatiana V. Glukhareva
- Institute of Chemical Technology Ural Federal University 19 Mira Str. Yekaterinburg 620002 Russian Federation
- Postovsky Institute of Organic Synthesis Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS) 22 Sofia Kovalevskaya Str. Yekaterinburg 620990 Russian Federation
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