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Cao J, Shen H, Zhao S, Ma X, Chen L, Dai S, Xu B, Qiao Y. Sample Size Requirements of a Pharmaceutical Material Library: A Case in Predicting Direct Compression Tablet Tensile Strength by Latent Variable Modeling. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:242. [PMID: 38399296 PMCID: PMC10893091 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The material library is an emerging, new data-driven approach for developing pharmaceutical process models. How many materials or samples should be involved in a particular application scenario is unclear, and the impact of sample size on process modeling is worth discussing. In this work, the direct compression process was taken as the research object, and the effects of different sample sizes of material libraries on partial least squares (PLS) modeling in the prediction of tablet tensile strength were investigated. A primary material library comprising 45 materials was built. Then, material subsets containing 5 × i (i = 1, 2, 3, …, 8) materials were sampled from the primary material library. Each subset underwent sampling 1000 times to analyze variations in model fitting performance. Both hierarchical sampling and random sampling were employed and compared, with hierarchical sampling implemented with the help of the tabletability classification index d. For each subset, modeling data were organized, incorporating 18 physical properties and tableting pressure as the independent variables and tablet tensile strength as the dependent variable. A series of chemometric indicators was used to assess model performance and find important materials for model training. It was found that the minimum R2 and RMSE values reached their maximum, and the corresponding values were kept almost unchanged when the sample sizes varied from 20 to 45. When the sample size was smaller than 15, the hierarchical sampling method was more reliable in avoiding low-quality few-shot PLS models than the random sampling method. Two important materials were identified as useful for building an initial material library. Overall, this work demonstrated that as the number of materials increased, the model's reliability improved. It also highlighted the potential for effective few-shot modeling on a small material library by controlling its information richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Cao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haoran Shen
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
| | - Shuying Zhao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shengyun Dai
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China;
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yanjiang Qiao
- Department of Chinese Medicine Informatics, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North Third Ring East Road, Beijing 100029, China; (J.C.); (H.S.); (S.Z.); (X.M.); (L.C.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Manufacturing Process Control and Quality Evaluation, Beijing 100029, China
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2
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Li Z, Wang H, Hou J, Li M, Shi X, Liu B, Chen Z, Liu Q, Fu Q. Cylindrical granules in the development of mesalazine solid formulations (Ⅱ): The contribution of high aspect ratio to favorable tabletability. Int J Pharm 2024; 649:123665. [PMID: 38048889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Recently, cylindrical granules have been applied in pharmaceutical fields and their aspect ratio (AR) is considered an important factor in the manufacturing process. However, the relationships between AR and the tableting process were seldom reported. This study aims to clarify the role of AR in the tableting process of cylindrical granules. First, mesalazine cylindrical granules with different AR were extruded, and their physical attributes were then comprehensively characterized. Subsequently, their compression behaviors and tableting performances were systematically assessed. Notably, it was found that the cylindrical granules with high AR possessed good anti-deformation capacity and favorable tabletability. Finally, the dissolution test suggested that tablets compressed from cylindrical granules with higher AR showed lower dissolution rates. Collectively, findings in this study identified that the AR of cylindrical granules was a critical factor in the tableting process and provided valuable guidance for the application of these granules in oral solid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hongge Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiayue Hou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mo Li
- Liaoning Institute for Drug Control, No. 7 Chongshan West Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xianbao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121012, China
| | - Bingyang Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ziang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiwei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
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3
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Wang L, Zhao L, Hong Y, Shen L, Lin X. Attribute transmission and effects of diluents and granulation liquids on granule properties and tablet quality for high shear wet granulation and tableting process. Int J Pharm 2023:123177. [PMID: 37364781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to examine (i) the effect of diluent types (lactose monohydrate, corn starch, and microcrystalline cellulose) and granulation liquids (20% polyvinylpyrrolidone-k30, 65% alcohol, and dispersion containing 40% model drug- Pithecellobium clypearia Benth extracted powder) on granule properties and tablet quality for high shear wet granulation and tableting (HSWG-T) and, more importantly, (ii) the attribute transmission in the process. In general, the impact of diluents on granule properties and tablet quality was more dominant than that of granulation liquids. Attribute transmission patterns were revealed as follows. The granules' ISO. Roundness and density correlated with raw material (i.e., model drug, diluent, and/or granulation liquid) properties such as density and viscosity. The granules' compressibility parameter a correlated with the granules' Span, and parameter y0 correlated with the granules' flowability and friability. Compactibility parameters ka and kb correlated mainly with granule flowability and density, and parameter b correlated significantly and positively with tablet tensile strength. The compressibility correlated negatively with tablet solid fraction (SF) and friability, while the compactibility correlated positively with tablet disintegration time. Moreover, the rearrangement and elasticity of granules correlated positively with SF and friability, respectively. Overall, this study provides some guides for achieving high-quality tablets via HSWG-T.
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Affiliation(s)
- LiangFeng Wang
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - LiJie Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - YanLong Hong
- Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Service, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lan Shen
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xiao Lin
- College of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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4
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A Simplified Model Structure for Compression Characterization of Pharmaceutical Tablets. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:3088-3095. [PMID: 35839865 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite, or maybe because of, many shortcomings, Heckel's equation is by far the most investigated compressibility model for decades. The somewhat overlooked Gurnham equation is proposed as a more stable and better fitting compressibility model. Combining this equation with a linear model for the strength/pressure relation provides a composite function identical with the often-used Ryshkewitch equation for the relation between strength and porosity. It is thus questioned whether the three-dimensional compression characterization presented in USP monograph 1062 is correct. Substantial errors in computed parameters are revealed with consequences for reproducibility or inter-lab assessments. Elastic recovery is proposed as a more interesting and relevant characteristic in relation to pharmaceutical tablet formulation.
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Palugan L, Moutaharrik S, Cirilli M, Gelain A, Maroni A, Melocchi A, Zema L, Foppoli A, Cerea M. Evaluation of different types of mannitol for dry granulation by roller compaction. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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6
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Persson AS, Pazesh S, Alderborn G. Tabletability and compactibility of α-lactose monohydrate powders of different particle size. I. Experimental comparison. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:319-330. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2051550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Sofie Persson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Samaneh Pazesh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- Current affiliation; Oasmia Pharmaceutical AB, Vallongatan 1, SE-752 28 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Göran Alderborn
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Box 591, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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7
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Yu Y, Zhao L, Lin X, Wang Y, Du R, Feng Y. Research on the powder classification and the key parameters affecting tablet qualities for direct compaction based on powder functional properties. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Functionality evaluation of co-processed excipients as diluents in tablets manufactured by wet granulation. EUROPEAN PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/afpuc-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diluents are essential components of a tablet formulation. The type of diluent used in a formulation influences the quality of tablets produced from that formulation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the tableting properties of co-processed excipients (C-PEs) incorporated as diluents in tablet formulation by wet granulation. Metronidazole tablets were prepared by wet granulation incorporating different diluents that were either single component excipients (SCEs) (lactose and microcrystalline cellulose) or C-PEs (Ludipress®, StarLac®, Prosolv® and AVICEL®HFE). The granules obtained for each formulation were evaluated for particle size analysis, flow properties and compression properties. Tablets weighing 500 mg were compressed from the metronidazole granules on a Single Station Tablet Press using a 12 mm punch and die tooling system. The tablets were kept for 24 h post-production, and the properties of weight uniformity, thickness, tensile strength, friability, disintegration time and dissolution profile evaluated subsequently. Results of granule properties showed that variations in parameters evaluated was as a result of differences in the type and composition of diluent used in formulation. Compactibility and tabletability profile of metronidazole granules revealed a better performance with granules processed with C-PE based diluents compared to SCE-based diluents. Tablets formulated with C-PEs as diluents were uniform in tablet weight, disintegrated faster and yielded a faster drug release compared to tablet formulations containing SCEs as diluent. This study reveals the performance advantage of C-PEs as diluents in tablets manufactured by wet granulation and highlights the importance of rational selection of excipients during tablet formulation.
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9
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Svačinová P, Mužíková J, Ondrejček P. Comparison of Compressibility, Compactability, and Lubricant Sensitivity of Two Partially Pregelatinized Starches. STARCH-STARKE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202000166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Petra Svačinová
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Akademika Heyrovského 1203 Hradec Králové 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Mužíková
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Akademika Heyrovského 1203 Hradec Králové 500 05 Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Ondrejček
- Sotax Pharmaceutical Testing s.r.o. Průmyslová 1306 Prague 102 00 Czech Republic
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10
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Sonnergaard JM. Ockham's Razor Applied on Pharmaceutical Powder Compaction Models. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:989-996. [PMID: 33271138 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This investigation contains a critical survey of a collection of five well-known and often used standard models in pharmaceutical technology. The basic idea is to use the recognised Ockham's razor as a tool in search for simpler methods or explanations for these models. The study includes the indirect tensile strength of tablets, Pitt's equation for tensile strength of biconvex tablets, Adams' model for strength of agglomerates, Weibull's distribution for variability of strength measurements and Heckel's equation for compressibility. In all these cases simpler and equally valid solutions and explanations are presented and subsequently preferred rather than the original.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn M Sonnergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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11
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Aleksić I, German Ilić I, Cvijić S, Parojčić J. An Investigation into the Influence of Process Parameters and Formulation Variables on Compaction Properties of Liquisolid Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:242. [PMID: 32839881 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01781-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquisolid technology, as a promising approach for bioavailability enhancement, has received increasing attention in recent years. However, literature reports addressing the challenges for its industrial application, particularly those related to compaction behavior of liquisolid systems, are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of process parameters and formulation variables on the flowability, wetting, and compaction properties of the liquisolid systems prepared in a fluid bed processor. The experiments with microcrystalline cellulose, as a carrier, were performed according to 23 full factorial design. The effects of liquid content, spray air pressure, and liquid feed rate on the properties of liquisolid systems were investigated. Liquisolid admixtures with microcrystalline cellulose were compared with those prepared with novel carriers, Fujicalin® and Neusilin® US2. "Out-die" Heckel, modified Walker, and Kuentz-Leuenberger models were used to analyze the compressibility of liquisolid admixtures. The results obtained showed that an increase in liquid content (in the range of 10 to 15%) led to a decrease in flowability of liquisolid admixtures with microcrystalline cellulose, as well as more pronounced influence of spraying conditions. On the other hand, higher liquid content led to higher compressibility. Fujicalin® and Neusilin® US2 liquisolid admixtures were found to have superior flowability and compressibility in comparison with those with microcrystalline cellulose, despite the considerably higher liquid load (50-55% liquid content in Neusilin® US2 compacts). Acceptable compactibility of the investigated liquisolid systems was observed. The fluid bed processor was shown to be suitable equipment for production of liquisolid systems, but with careful adjustment of process parameters.
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12
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Grdešič P, Paudel A, German Ilić I. High-Molecular-Weight Hypromellose from Three Different Suppliers: Effects of Compression Speed, Tableting Equipment, and Moisture on the Compaction. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:203. [PMID: 32699970 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of higher tableting speeds is gaining increasing importance for pharmaceutical industry. There is a profound lack of new studies of mechanical properties of hypromellose, and none of them evaluate different suppliers. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate flow and compaction properties of different grades of hypromellose (type 2208) from three different suppliers, with particular focus on the effect of the compression speed. The flow properties were determined using flow time, shear cell, Carr index, and constant B from initial part of Heckel profile. Compaction properties were quantified using "out-of-die" Heckel, Walker, and Kuentz-Leuenberger models; two tensile strength profiles (tabletability and compactibility); and elastic recovery. Compaction was performed by both an instrumented single-punch press and a high-speed rotary press simulator. Due to larger, rounder, and smoother particles, both Methocel™ DC grades together with Benecel™ K4M showed better flow properties compared with other materials, with Metolose® K100M having the worst flow. Overall, Benecel™ K100M and Metolose® K100M showed the best compaction properties, closely followed by Metolose® K4M. Heckel analysis showed the highest compressibility of Benecel™ K100M, followed by both Methocel™ DC grades. Kuentz-Leuenberger model showed to have no practical superiority in comparison with Heckel model in the compression pressure range used. Results of strain rate sensitivity showed that Methocel™ K4M DC was the least susceptible to change of tableting speed, followed by Methocel™ K100M DC and both grades of Benecel™, and in contrast, both grades of Metolose® were the most sensitive. Effect of moisture on compaction was also studied.
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13
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A model to simultaneously evaluate the compressibility and compactibility of a powder based on the compression ratio. Int J Pharm 2020; 577:119023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Karimi-Jafari M, Ziaee A, Iqbal J, O'Reilly E, Croker D, Walker G. Impact of polymeric excipient on cocrystal formation via hot-melt extrusion and subsequent downstream processing. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:745-755. [PMID: 31212053 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical cocrystals have gained increasing interest due to their potential to modify the physicochemical properties of drugs. Herein, a 1:1 cocrystal of ibuprofen (IBU) as a BCS class II active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and nicotinamide as coformer was produced using a hot-melt extrusion (HME) process. The effect of process parameters such as barrel temperature and screw speed were studied. It was shown that the addition of polymeric excipient such as soluplus (Sol) decreases the cocrystallization temperature by enhancing the interaction between API and coformer. In order to study the effect of cocrystallization on the tableting properties of IBU-NIC cocrystal, 5 different formulations of pure IBU, IBU-NIC cocrystal, IBU-NIC physical mixture, IBU-NIC-Sol physical mixture and IBU-NIC-Sol cocrystal were tableted by a compaction simulator. Tabletability, compactibility and compressibility were investigated. The sample with IBU-NIC-Sol cocrystal formulation outperformed all the other formulations in terms of tabletability, compactibility and compressibility. Interestingly, this sample was even superior to the IBU-NIC cocrystal sample which verified the advantageous effect of the presence of an excipient. Moreover, dissolution test confirmed a noticeable increase in the dissolution of not only the cocrystal samples but even the physical mixtures of IBU and NIC compared with pure IBU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Karimi-Jafari
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Ahmad Ziaee
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Emmet O'Reilly
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Denise Croker
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gavin Walker
- Synthesis & Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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15
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Impact of binder as a formulation variable on the material and tableting properties of developed co-processed excipients. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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16
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Schaller BE, Moroney KM, Castro-Dominguez B, Cronin P, Belen-Girona J, Ruane P, Croker DM, Walker GM. Systematic development of a high dosage formulation to enable direct compression of a poorly flowing API: A case study. Int J Pharm 2019; 566:615-630. [PMID: 31158454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the transfer of oral solid dosage forms, currently manufactured via wet granulation, to a continuous direct compression process was considered. Two main challenges were addressed: (1) a poorly flowing API (Canagliflozin) and (2) high drug loading (51 wt%). A scientific approach was utilised for formulation development, targeting flow and compaction behaviour suitable for manufacturing scale. This was achieved through systematic screening of excipients to identify feasible formulations. Targeted design of experiments based on factors such as formulation mixture and processing parameters were utilised to investigate key responses for tablet properties, flow and compaction behaviour. Flow behaviour was primarily evaluated from percentage compressibility and shear cell testing on a powder flow rheometer (FT4). The compaction behaviour was studied using a compaction simulator (Gamlen). The relationships between tablet porosity, tensile strength and compaction pressure were used to evaluate tabletability, compactibility and compressibility to assess scale-up. The success of this design procedure is illustrated by scaling up from the compaction simulator to a Riva Piccola rotary tablet press, while maintaining critical quality attributes (CQAs). Compactibility was identified as a suitable scale-up relationship. The developed procedure should allow accelerated development of formulations for continuous direct compression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara E Schaller
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Kevin M Moroney
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; MACSI, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick Cronin
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Jorge Belen-Girona
- Johnson & Johnson Supply Chain, Product Supply - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, USA
| | - Patrick Ruane
- Johnson & Johnson Supply Chain, Product Supply - Manufacturing Engineering and Technology, USA
| | - Denise M Croker
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Gavin M Walker
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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17
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Byl E, Lebeer S, Kiekens F. Elastic recovery of filler-binders to safeguard viability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during direct compression. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 135:36-43. [PMID: 30543948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tablets are increasingly explored as dosage form for oral probiotics, especially for applications such as pharyngitis and dental health. In such tablets, the dry form increases the stability and the shelf life of the product. In addition, the probiotic cells are entrapped in the tablet matrix, which protects them against the environmental factors in the human body. However, the development of a probiotic tablet with an adequate number of viable cells remains a challenge due to the stress of the compression process. The adverse conditions during production can damage the cells, which leads to a loss of viability and a failure of the therapy. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the compression behavior of filler-binders on the survival of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during tablet production. The probiotic tablets were manufactured by direct compression of a freeze-dried mixture of the model L. rhamnosus GG, a filler-binder and a suitable amount of lubricant. The compression behavior was determined by analyzing Heckel and force-displacement plots. The results demonstrated that the elastic recovery of the filler-binder during decompression played a protective role in bacterial survival, reducing the compression stress during manufacturing. Consequently, the bacterial cells were less damaged, which resulted in a higher survival rate and a better stability during long-term storage. In conclusion, the elastic recovery of a filler-binder showed to be an important key in safeguarding probiotic cells during direct compression and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Byl
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Sarah Lebeer
- University of Antwerp, Department of Bioscience Engineering, Research Group Environmental Ecology and Applied Microbiology, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Filip Kiekens
- University of Antwerp, Department of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
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Skelbæk-Pedersen A, Vilhelmsen T, Wallaert V, Rantanen J. Quantification of Fragmentation of Pharmaceutical Materials After Tableting. J Pharm Sci 2018; 108:1246-1253. [PMID: 30391301 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Deformation is the material property that is a key for successful tablet formulation. Still, a quantitative method for assessing the change in particle size as a result of compression is lacking. The purpose of this study is to introduce a method for quantifying fragmentation after tableting. Different size fractions of dibasic calcium phosphate, microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, and starch were blended with magnesium stearate and compressed into tablets. The compressed particles were recovered from the tablets by manual grinding, which was possible by the addition of magnesium stearate. The recovered particles were subjected to scanning electron microscopy and particle size distribution (PSD) analysis. Fragmentation was quantified by characterizing the change in PSD. PSDs of the compressed samples with increasing compression pressures were analyzed, and more specifically, the particle sizes from the inflection point were used to generate a fragmentation profile. The fragmentation profiles of dibasic calcium phosphate and lactose showed extensive fragmentation during tableting; microcrystalline cellulose fragmented slightly, whereas starch did not fragment at all. The results furthermore showed that the mechanical strength of the tablet was highly dependent on fragmentation, as the mechanical strength did not start to increase before almost all fragmentation had occurred. Hence, by using this method, it is possible to quantify at which compression pressure and to which degree materials fragment during the tableting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Skelbæk-Pedersen
- Novo Nordisk AS, Oral Pilot & Process Development, Måløv, Denmark; Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Vibeke Wallaert
- Novo Nordisk AS, Oral Pilot & Process Development, Måløv, Denmark
| | - Jukka Rantanen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Bahl D, Singaraju AB, Stevens LL. Aggregate Elasticity and Tabletability of Molecular Solids: a Validation and Application of Powder Brillouin Light Scattering. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3430-3439. [PMID: 30280355 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Describing the elastic deformation of single-crystal molecular solids under stress requires a comprehensive determination of the fourth-rank stiffness tensor (Cijkl). Single crystals are, however, rarely utilized in industrial applications, and thus averaging techniques (e.g., the Voigt or Reuss approach) are employed to reduce the Cijkl (or its inverse Sijkl) to polycrystalline aggregate mechanical moduli. With increasing elastic anisotropy, the Voigt and Reuss-averaged aggregate moduli can diverge dramatically and, provided that drug molecules almost exclusively crystallize into low-symmetry space groups, warrants a significant need for accurate aggregate mechanical moduli. This elasticity data, which currently is largely absent for pharmaceutical materials, is expected to aid understanding how materials respond to direct compression and tablet formation. Powder Brillouin light scattering (p-BLS) has recently demonstrated facile access to porosity-independent, aggregate mechanical moduli. In this study, we extend our previous p-BLS model for obtaining mechanical properties and validate our approach against a broad library of molecular solids with diverse intermolecular interaction topologies and with previously determined Cijkl which permits benchmarking our results. Our Young's and shear moduli determined with p-BLS strongly correlate, with limited bias (i.e., a near 1:1 relation), with the Voigt-averaged Young's and shear moduli determined using the Cijkl. Through follow-on tabletability studies, we introduce initial classifications of tabletability behavior based on the results of our p-BLS studies and the apparent elastic anisotropy. With further development, this approach represents a robust and novel method to potentially identify materials for optimum tabletability at early developmental stages.
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Grdešič P, Sovány T, German Ilić I. High-shear granulation of high-molecular weight hypromellose: effects of scale-up and process parameters on flow and compaction properties. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1770-1782. [PMID: 29968491 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1496447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Knowledge of the effects of high-shear granulation process parameters and scale-up on the properties of the produced granules is essential for formulators who face challenges regarding poor flow and compaction during development of modified release tablets based on high-molecular weight hypromellose (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)) polymers. Almost none of the existing studies deal with realistic industrial formulation. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effects of scale-up and critical process parameters (CPPs) of high-shear granulation on the quality attributes of the granules, particularly in terms of the flow and compaction, using a realistic industrial formulation based on HPMC K100M polymer. METHODS The flow properties were determined using flow time, Carr index, tablet mass, and crushing strength variations. The compaction properties were quantified using the 'out-of-die' Heckel and modified Walker models, as well as the tensile strength profile and elastic recovery. High-shear granulation was performed at different scales: 4 L, 300 L, and 600 L. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The scale itself had larger effects on the granule properties than the CPPs, which demonstrated high robustness of formulation on the individual scale level. Nevertheless, to achieve the desired flow and compaction, the values of the CPPs need to be precisely selected to fine-tune the process conditions. The best flow was achieved at high volumes of water addition, where larger and more spherical granules were obtained. The CPPs showed negligible influence on the compaction with no practical implications, however, the volume of water addition volume was identified as having the largest effects on compaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grdešič
- a Krka, d.d., Novo mesto , Šmarješka cesta 6 , Novo mesto , Slovenia
| | - Tamás Sovány
- b Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, University of Szeged , Eötvös u. 6 , Szeged , Hungary
| | - Ilija German Ilić
- c Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy , University of Ljubljana , Aškerčeva 7 , Ljubljana , 1000 , Slovenia
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Lamešić D, Planinšek O, Ilić IG. Modified equation for particle bonding area and strength with inclusion of powder fragmentation propensity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 121:218-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Hagelstein V, Gerhart M, Wagner KG. Tricalcium citrate – a new brittle tableting excipient for direct compression and dry granulation with enormous hardness yield. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2018; 44:1631-1641. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2018.1483389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hagelstein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhart
- Product Manager Special Salts, Jungbunzlauer Ladenburg GmbH, Ladenburg, Germany
| | - Karl G. Wagner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Roller compaction: the effect of plastic deformation of primary particles with wide range of mechanical properties. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 8:1615-1634. [PMID: 29947021 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-0555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the compaction behaviour of the primary powder in the roller compaction process is necessary to be able to better control the quality of the product. In this study, the plastic deformation of the primary particles was evaluated by determining two mechanical properties: the nano-indentation hardness and the viscoelasticity of the primary powder. The nano-indentation hardness of eight different materials with a wide range of mechanical properties was determined by indenting the surface of the single primary particle, whereas the viscoelasticity was evaluated for a powder bed using the creep test. These were linked to fundamental ribbon properties such as ribbon strength and width in addition to the amount of fines. It was identified that the plastic deformation of the material had the potential to provide an indication for the ability of the primary powder to produce a good ribbon. For the range of the investigated process parameters, the optimum hardness range that produced ribbons with ideal properties and small amount of fines was suggested.
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Tarlier N, Soulairol I, Sanchez-Ballester N, Baylac G, Aubert A, Lefevre P, Bataille B, Sharkawi T. Deformation behavior of crystallized mannitol during compression using a rotary tablet press simulator. Int J Pharm 2018; 547:142-149. [PMID: 29777764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Mannitol is commonly used as a pharmaceutical excipient for tablets; the most widely used oral dosage form for drug delivery. For tableting, mannitol is provided in two different forms: native crystals and textured particles. In order to optimize its formulation, a good understanding of the mechanical behavior mechanism of mannitol is necessary. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the deformation mechanism of native mannitol crystals presenting different particle sizes. Pharmaco-technical and compression studies were performed using mannitol with different mean diameters (160 µm, 50 µm and 25 µm). Lactose (monohydrate) and microcrystalline cellulose were used as brittle and plastic reference materials, respectively. Tableting tests and mathematical models, HECKEL and WALKER, were used to study the deformation mechanism of mannitol (β). Mean Yield Pressure (Py) and WALKER coefficient (W) values showed that the studied crystalline mannitol presents a deformation mechanism close to brittle material. A particle-size analyzer was used at different pulverization pressures to show the high sensibility of the mannitol particles to fragmentation when exposed to high pressures, especially for particles presenting 160 µm size. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to show the fragmentation after high-pressure measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Tarlier
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Customer Technical Service Pharma, Roquette Freres, Lestrem, France.
| | - Ian Soulairol
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Pharmacy, CHU Caremeau, Nimes, France
| | - Noelia Sanchez-Ballester
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gilles Baylac
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrien Aubert
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Lefevre
- Customer Technical Service Pharma, Roquette Freres, Lestrem, France
| | - Bernard Bataille
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Tahmer Sharkawi
- Institut Charles Gerhardt UMR5253 Equipe MACS, UFR Science Pharmaceutique - Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Apeji YE, Oyi AR, Isah AB, Allagh TS, Modi SR, Bansal AK. Development and Optimization of a Starch-Based Co-processed Excipient for Direct Compression Using Mixture Design. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:866-880. [PMID: 29038987 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-017-0887-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of novel excipients with enhanced functionality has been explored using particle engineering by co-processing. The aim of this study was to improve the functionality of tapioca starch (TS) for direct compression by co-processing with gelatin (GEL) and colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) in optimized proportions. Design of Experiment (DoE) was employed to optimize the composition of the co-processed excipient using the desirability function and other supporting studies as a basis for selecting the optimized formulation. The co-processed excipient (SGS) was thereafter developed by the method of co-fusion. Flow and compaction studies of SGS were carried out in comparison to its parent component (TS) and physical mixture (SGS-PM). Tablets were prepared by direct compression (DC) containing ibuprofen (200 mg) as a model for poor compressibility using SGS, Prosolv®, and StarLac® as multifunctional excipients. The optimized composition of SGS corresponded to TS (90%), GEL (7.5%), and CSD (2.5%). The functionality of SGS was improved relative to SGS-PM in terms of flow and compression. Tablets produced with SGS were satisfactory and conformed to USP specifications for acceptable tablets. SGS performed better than Prosolv® in terms of disintegration and was superior to StarLac with respect to tensile strength and disintegration time. The application of DoE was successful in optimizing and developing a starch-based co-processed excipient that can be considered for direct compression tableting.
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Rahim SA, Carter P, Elkordy AA. Influence of calcium carbonate and sodium carbonate gassing agents on pentoxifylline floating tablets properties. POWDER TECHNOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Anbalagan P, Heng PWS, Liew CV. Tablet compression tooling – Impact of punch face edge modification. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:373-381. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Spherical agglomerates of lactose with enhanced mechanical properties. Int J Pharm 2017; 516:247-257. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Influence of the Punch Head Design on the Physical Quality of Tablets Produced in a Rotary Press. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:356-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Malladi J, Sidik K, Wu S, McCann R, Dougherty J, Parab P, Carragher T. Novel platens to measure the hardness of a pentagonal shaped tablet. Pharm Dev Technol 2016; 22:246-255. [PMID: 27607150 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2016.1219370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tablet hardness, a measure of the breaking force of a tablet, is based on numerous factors. These include the shape of the tablet and the mode of the application of force. For instance, when a pentagonal-shaped tablet was tested with a traditional hardness tester with flat platens, there was a large variation in hardness measurements. This was due to the propensity of vertices of the tablet to crush, referred to as an "improper break". This article describes a novel approach to measure the hardness of pentagonal-shaped tablets using modified platens. The modified platens have more uniform loading than flat platens. This is because they reduce loading on the vertex of the pentagon and apply forces on tablet edges to generate reproducible tablet fracture. The robustness of modified platens was assessed using a series of studies, which included feasibility and Gauge Repeatability & Reproducibility (R&R) studies. A key finding was that improper breaks, generated frequently with a traditional hardness tester using flat platens, were eliminated. The Gauge R&R study revealed that the tablets tested with novel platens generated consistent values in hardness measurements, independent of batch, hardness level, and day of testing, operator and tablet dosage strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Malladi
- a Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Kurex Sidik
- b Nonclinical Biostatistics, Global Biometrics Sciences, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , Princeton , NJ , USA
| | - Sutan Wu
- b Nonclinical Biostatistics, Global Biometrics Sciences, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , Princeton , NJ , USA
| | - Ryan McCann
- c Global Manufacturing and Supply, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Bristol-Myers Squibb , Mount Vernon , IN , USA
| | - Jeffrey Dougherty
- a Drug Product Science and Technology, Bristol-Myers Squibb , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Prakash Parab
- d Global Manufacturing and Supply, Pharmaceutical Manufacturing, Bristol-Myers Squibb , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
| | - Thomas Carragher
- e Clinical Supply Manufacturing, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb , New Brunswick , NJ , USA
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Hirschberg C, Sun CC, Rantanen J. Analytical method development for powder characterization: Visualization of the critical drug loading affecting the processability of a formulation for direct compression. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:462-468. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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Evaluation of the ability of powdered milk to produce minitablets containing paracetamol for the paediatric population. Chem Eng Res Des 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Grdešič P, Vrečer F, Ilić I. Flow and compaction properties of hypromellose: new directly compressible versus the established grades. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 42:1877-86. [DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1181079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grdešič
- Krka, tovarna zdravil, d.d., Novo mesto, Novo mesto, Slovenia
| | - Franc Vrečer
- Krka, tovarna zdravil, d.d., Novo mesto, Novo mesto, Slovenia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ilija Ilić
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Keleṣ Ö, Barcenas NP, Sprys DH, Bowman KJ. Effect of Porosity on Strength Distribution of Microcrystalline Cellulose. AAPS PharmSciTech 2015; 16:1455-64. [PMID: 26022545 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-015-0325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fracture strength of pharmaceutical compacts varies even for nominally identical samples, which directly affects compaction, comminution, and tablet dosage forms. However, the relationships between porosity and mechanical behavior of compacts are not clear. Here, the effects of porosity on fracture strength and fracture statistics of microcrystalline cellulose compacts were investigated through diametral compression tests. Weibull modulus, a key parameter in Weibull statistics, was observed to decrease with increasing porosity from 17 to 56 vol.%, based on eight sets of compacts at different porosity levels, each set containing ∼ 50 samples, a total of 407 tests. Normal distribution fits better to fracture data for porosity less than 20 vol.%, whereas Weibull distribution is a better fit in the limit of highest porosity. Weibull moduli from 840 unique finite element simulations of isotropic porous materials were compared to experimental Weibull moduli from this research and results on various pharmaceutical materials. Deviations from Weibull statistics are observed. The effect of porosity on fracture strength can be described by a recently proposed micromechanics-based formula.
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Compaction behavior and deformation mechanism of directly compressible textured mannitol in a rotary tablet press simulator. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:410-419. [PMID: 26363108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Textured mannitol powder is widely used as a pharmaceutical excipient for tablet compaction. In order to choose the right tableting parameters, it is necessary to understand its mechanical behavior during deformation under industrial tableting conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical behavior during deformation of a textured mannitol using a rotary tablet press simulator. Mean yield pressure (Py) obtained by Heckel modeling, Walker coefficients (W) and Stress Rate Sensitivity (SRS) were compared to reference excipients, known for either their plastic (microcrystalline cellulose) or fragmentary (lactose and dibasic calcium phosphate) deformation behavior. Py, W and SRS values showed that the studied textured mannitol has a fragmentary deformation mechanism. Furthermore, this mechanical behavior was not sensitive to lubrication, which is characteristic of fragmentary excipients.
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36
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Thoorens G, Krier F, Leclercq B, Carlin B, Evrard B. Microcrystalline cellulose, a direct compression binder in a quality by design environment—A review. Int J Pharm 2014; 473:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 06/22/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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37
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Egart M, Ilić I, Janković B, Lah N, Srčič S. Compaction properties of crystalline pharmaceutical ingredients according to the Walker model and nanomechanical attributes. Int J Pharm 2014; 472:347-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.06.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Mangwandi C, Albadarin AB, JiangTao L, Allen S, Walker GM. Development of a value-added soil conditioner from high shear co-granulation of organic waste and limestone powder. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2013.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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40
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Lakio S, Sainio J, Heljo P, Ervasti T, Kivikero N, Juppo A. The tableting properties of melibiose monohydrate. Int J Pharm 2013; 456:528-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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41
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High-shear granulation as a manufacturing method for cocrystal granules. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2013; 85:1019-30. [PMID: 23685353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2013.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystal formation allows the tailoring of physicochemical as well as of mechanical properties of an API. However, there is a lack of large-scale manufacturing methods of cocrystals. Therefore, the objective of this work was to examine the suitability of high-shear wet granulation as a manufacturing method for cocrystal granules on a batch scale. Furthermore, the cocrystal granules were characterized regarding their mechanical properties as well as their dissolution behavior. High-shear wet granulation was found to be a feasible manufacturing method for cocrystal granules. Cocrystal formation depended on the exposure time of the solids to the granulation liquid (water), the amount of liquid, the impeller speed of the granulator, and on the excipients (hydroxyl propylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium hydrogenphosphate) used in the formulation. Storage stability was strongly influenced by the excipients, since in presence of calcium hydrogenphosphate, the poorly water-soluble salt calcium tartrate monohydrate was formed at high relative humidity. Interestingly, compactability was increased by cocrystal formation compared to that of the reference granules (piracetam and the respective excipients). The drug release was slightly decreased by cocrystal formation, most likely due to the lower solubility of the cocrystal. In the presence of calcium hydrogenphosphate however, no influence of cocrystal formation on either compactability or on drug release were observed, compared with the reference tablets. It was concluded that high-shear wet granulation is a valuable, however complex, manufacturing method for cocrystals. Cocrystal formation may influence compactability and drug release and thus affect drug performance and should be investigated during pre-formulation.
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42
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From empiricism to science? Int J Pharm 2013; 445:148-9. [PMID: 23391512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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Deformation properties of pharmaceutical excipients determined using an in-die and out-die method. Int J Pharm 2013; 446:6-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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44
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45
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Podczeck F. Methods for the practical determination of the mechanical strength of tablets—From empiricism to science. Int J Pharm 2012; 436:214-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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46
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Dave VS, Fahmy RM, Hoag SW. Investigation of the physical–mechanical properties of Eudragit®RS PO/RL PO and their mixtures with common pharmaceutical excipients. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2012; 39:1113-25. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2012.714786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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47
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Govedarica B, Ilić I, Šibanc R, Dreu R, Srčič S. The use of single particle mechanical properties for predicting the compressibility of pharmaceutical materials. POWDER TECHNOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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48
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A comparative study of roll compaction of free-flowing and cohesive pharmaceutical powders. Int J Pharm 2012; 428:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 02/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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49
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Development of potential novel cushioning agents for the compaction of coated multi-particulates by co-processing micronized lactose with polymers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2011; 79:406-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2011.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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A compressibility and compactibility study of real tableting mixtures: The impact of wet and dry granulation versus a direct tableting mixture. Int J Pharm 2011; 414:131-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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