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Öztürk Z, Bayar Muluk N, Oğuz O, Pinarbaşli MÖ, Güngör E, Arik D, Bal C, Cingi C. Investigation of the Effects of Allicin on the Nasal Mucosa. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2024:1455613241257354. [PMID: 38783614 DOI: 10.1177/01455613241257354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We investigated the effects of allicin on nasal mucosa via an experimental study. Methods: In the study, 16 male New Zealand Albino (2.5-4.5 kg) rabbits were used. The right nasal passages of the 8 rabbits were included in the control group (Group 1, n = 8), and the right nasal passages of the 8 different rabbits were included in the study group (Group 2, n = 8). In the study group (Group 2), a Merocel tampon soaked in Allicin (Alli Tech; Dulwich Health) (0.5 mg/kg). In the control group (Group 1), a Merocel tampon soaked in serum physiologic was placed in the right nasal passage for 3 days (first to third days of the study). On the fourth day, nasal mucosa was excised and histopathological examinations were performed. Results: Our results showed that there were no significant differences in terms of bleeding, congestion, inflammation, calcification, and seromucous gland density between the study and control groups (P > .05). In light microscopic evaluation, moderate density of lymphocytic cells beneath the surface epithelium and, further down, seromucous gland structures, dense seromucous glands, and occasional ductal structures were observed in the study group. Congested vascular structures beneath the respiratory epithelium and adjacent to a thick-walled vascular structure, coarse calcification is observed in the control group. Conclusion: It has been demonstrated that the Allicin-soaked Merocel pack does not have adverse effects on rabbit nasal mucosa, and it does not lead to mucosal bleeding, congestion, inflammation, and calcification, and changes in the seromucous gland density. Considering the antibacterial and antiviral effects of allicin, it is appropriate to plan research in humans to evaluate its use in nasal packs applied during epistaxis, septoplasty, rhinoplasty, and endoscopic sinus surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeynel Öztürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nişantaşı University; and Baypark Hospital, Otolaryngology Clinics, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuray Bayar Muluk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Oğuzhan Oğuz
- Otorhinolaryngology Clinics, Dr. Oğuzhan Oğuz Wellnose Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özgür Pinarbaşli
- Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Enes Güngör
- Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Deniz Arik
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Bal
- Medical Faculty, Department of Biostatistics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Cemal Cingi
- Medical Faculty, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Hung FS. Growth and Enzyme Application of Garlic Enriched With Zinc and Natural Magnesium. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:365-375. [PMID: 38108324 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2293136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Garlic can help humans ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages by sufficient zinc and magnesium intake.Method: Serpentine treated it by microwaving and sintering to enhance its crystallinity as well as its magnesium and zinc ion release rates. Furthermore, an enriched garlic enzyme extract had an approximately 8-fold increase in alliinase activity. Results: Strong bonding was observed for the microwaved and sintered powders, but also facilitated zinc ion reactions and reduced lattice defects. Accordingly, used for the garlic growth and enzyme experiments.Conclusions: (1) The sintered powder excellent magnesium and zinc ion release capability. (2) The enriched garlic enzymes had high alliinase activity, likely increasing the health benefits of the garlic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Shuo Hung
- Department of Leisure, Recreation and Tourism Management, Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
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3
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Guillamón E, Mut-Salud N, Rodríguez-Sojo MJ, Ruiz-Malagón AJ, Cuberos-Escobar A, Martínez-Férez A, Rodríguez-Nogales A, Gálvez J, Baños A. In Vitro Antitumor and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Allium-Derived Compounds Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) and Propyl Propane Thiosulfinate (PTS). Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061363. [PMID: 36986093 PMCID: PMC10058678 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing rates of cancer incidence and the side-effects of current chemotherapeutic treatments have led to the research on novel anticancer products based on dietary compounds. The use of Allium metabolites and extracts has been proposed to reduce the proliferation of tumor cells by several mechanisms. In this study, we have shown the in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effect of two onion-derived metabolites propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) and propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) on several human tumor lines (MCF-7, T-84, A-549, HT-29, Panc-1, Jurkat, PC-3, SW-837, and T1-73). We observed that this effect was related to their ability to induce apoptosis regulated by oxidative stress. In addition, both compounds were also able to reduce the levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, IL-6, and IL-17. Therefore, PTS and PTSO may have a promising role in cancer prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Jesús Rodríguez-Sojo
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Jesús Ruiz-Malagón
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Martínez-Férez
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alba Rodríguez-Nogales
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.R.-N.); (J.G.)
| | - Julio Gálvez
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.R.-N.); (J.G.)
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Hashemy SI, Amiri H, Hosseini H, Sadeghzadeh F, Jaseem MMM, Tabrizi MH. PEGylated Lecithin-Chitosan-Folic Acid Nanoparticles as Nanocarriers of Allicin for In Vitro Controlled Release and Anticancer Effects. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y. [PMID: 36652093 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA) were used to deliver allicin (AC) to colon cancer cells. AC-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid (FA)-modified chitosan-lecithin nanoparticles (AC-PLCF-NPs) were fabricated via self-assembling procedure. HPLC for AC encapsulation and FA binding, MTT for viability assay, ABTS and DPPH for antioxidant capacity, disc diffusion, MIC and MBC for antibacterial assay, qPCR and AO/PI staining for apoptotic, and CAM assay for angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs were used. AC-PLCF-NPs (113.55 nm) were synthesized as single dispersed (PDI: 0.28) and stable (ZP: + 33.18 mV) with 81% AC encapsulation and 48% FA binding. The antioxidant power of AC-PLCF-NPs was confirmed by inhibiting free radicals ABTS (74.25 µg/mL) and DPPH (366.214 µg/mL) and its antibacterial capacity with very high inhibitory effects against gram-negative bacterial strains. MTT results showed higher toxicity of AC-PLCF-NPs (68.06 µg/mL) compared to AC (171.45 µg/mL). Increased expression of caspase 3 and 9 genes showed activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in treated cells, and on the other hand, reduction of vascular and embryonic growth factors in CAM model confirmed the anti-angiogenesis effects of AC-PLCF-NPs. AC-PLCF-NPs can be suggested as a promising therapeutic agent for studies in the field of colon cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Isaac Hashemy
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamed Amiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseini
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Ali U, Wabitsch M, Tews D, Colitti M. Effects of allicin on human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome cells in mediating browning phenotype. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1141303. [PMID: 36936145 PMCID: PMC10014806 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1141303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a major health problem because it is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and some cancers. Strategies to prevent or reduce obesity focus mainly on the possible effects of natural compounds that can induce a phenotype of browning adipocytes capable of releasing energy in the form of heat. Allicin, a bioactive component of garlic with numerous pharmacological functions, is known to stimulate energy metabolism. METHODS In the present study, the effects of allicin on human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) cells were investigated by quantifying the dynamics of lipid droplets (LDs) and mitochondria, as well as transcriptomic changes after six days of differentiation. RESULTS Allicin significantly promoted the reduction in the surface area and size of LDs, leading to the formation of multilocular adipocytes, which was confirmed by the upregulation of genes related to lipolysis. The increase in the number and decrease in the mean aspect ratio of mitochondria in allicin-treated cells indicate a shift in mitochondrial dynamics toward fission. The structural results are confirmed by transcriptomic analysis showing a significant arrangement of gene expression associated with beige adipocytes, in particular increased expression of T-box transcription factor 1 (TBX1), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), PPARG coactivator 1 alpha (PPARGC1A), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA), and OXPHOS-related genes. The most promising targets are nuclear genes such as retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA), retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3 (NR1H3), nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4 (NR1H4), PPARA, and oestrogen receptor 1 (ESR1). DISCUSSION Transcriptomic data and the network pharmacology-based approach revealed that genes and potential targets of allicin are involved in ligand-activated transcription factor activity, intracellular receptor signalling, regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis, and positive regulation of lipid metabolism. The present study highlights the potential role of allicin in triggering browning in human SGBS cells by affecting the LD dynamics, mitochondrial morphology, and expression of brown marker genes. Understanding the potential targets through which allicin promotes this effect may reveal the underlying signalling pathways and support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Ali
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Martin Wabitsch
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Tews
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Monica Colitti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Monica Colitti,
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Multifaceted Pharmacological Potentials of Curcumin, Genistein, and Tanshinone IIA through Proteomic Approaches: An In-Depth Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010249. [PMID: 36612248 PMCID: PMC9818426 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals possess various intriguing pharmacological properties against diverse pathological conditions. Extensive studies are on-going to understand the structural/functional properties of phytochemicals as well as the molecular mechanisms of their therapeutic function against various disease conditions. Phytochemicals such as curcumin (Cur), genistein (Gen), and tanshinone-IIA (Tan IIA) have multifaceted therapeutic potentials and various efforts are in progress to understand the molecular dynamics of their function with different tools and technologies. Cur is an active lipophilic polyphenol with pleiotropic function, and it has been shown to possess various intriguing properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anticancer, and anti-genotoxic properties besides others beneficial properties. Similarly, Gen (an isoflavone) exhibits a wide range of vital functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic activities etc. In addition, Tan IIA, a lipophilic compound, possesses antioxidant, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer activities, and so on. Over the last few decades, the field of proteomics has garnered great momentum mainly attributed to the recent advancement in mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. It is envisaged that the proteomics technology has considerably contributed to the biomedical research endeavors lately. Interestingly, they have also been explored as a reliable approach to understand the molecular intricacies related to phytochemical-based therapeutic interventions. The present review provides an overview of the proteomics studies performed to unravel the underlying molecular intricacies of various phytochemicals such as Cur, Gen, and Tan IIA. This in-depth study will help the researchers in better understanding of the pharmacological potential of the phytochemicals at the proteomics level. Certainly, this review will be highly instrumental in catalyzing the translational shift from phytochemical-based biomedical research to clinical practice in the near future.
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Wang Z, Yan Y, Lou Y, Huang X, Liu L, Weng Z, Cui Y, Wu X, Cai H, Chen X, Ji Y. Diallyl trisulfide alleviates chemotherapy sensitivity of ovarian cancer via the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway. Cancer Sci 2022; 114:357-369. [PMID: 36309839 PMCID: PMC9899624 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy promotes drug resistance in ovarian cancer. We investigated the antichemoresistance characteristics of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. Previous preclinical studies have revealed that DATS regulates distinct hallmark cancer-signaling pathways. The cell cycle pathway is the most investigated signaling pathway in DATS. Additionally, post-DATS treatment has been found to promote proapoptotic capacity through the regulation of intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathway components. In the present study, we found that treating cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cell lines with DATS inhibited their proliferation and reduced their IC50. It induced cell apoptosis and promoted oxidative phosphorylation through the regulation of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α pathway, OXPHOS, and enhanced chemotherapy sensitivity. DATS treatment alleviated glutamine consumption in cisplatin-resistant cells. Our findings highlight the role of DATS in overcoming drug resistance in ovarian cancer in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we elucidated the role of the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α signaling pathway as a potential target for the treatment of drug-resistant ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yi Yan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yijie Lou
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina,Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Spleen and Gastric DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxiChina
| | - Lijian Liu
- Department of Spleen and Gastric DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese MedicineGuangxiChina
| | - Zhuofan Weng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yusheng Cui
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xinyue Wu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Huijun Cai
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
| | - Yunxi Ji
- Department of General PracticeThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhouChina
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Martelli A, Omrani M, Zarghooni M, Citi V, Brogi S, Calderone V, Sureda A, Lorzadeh S, da Silva Rosa SC, Grabarek BO, Staszkiewicz R, Los MJ, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM, Mehrbod P, Klionsky DJ, Ghavami S. New Visions on Natural Products and Cancer Therapy: Autophagy and Related Regulatory Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5839. [PMID: 36497321 PMCID: PMC9738256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (autophagy) has been a highly conserved process throughout evolution and allows cells to degrade aggregated/misfolded proteins, dysfunctional or superfluous organelles and damaged macromolecules, in order to recycle them for biosynthetic and/or energetic purposes to preserve cellular homeostasis and health. Changes in autophagy are indeed correlated with several pathological disorders such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, infections, cancer and inflammatory diseases. Conversely, autophagy controls both apoptosis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) in the cells. Therefore, any changes in the autophagy pathway will affect both the UPR and apoptosis. Recent evidence has shown that several natural products can modulate (induce or inhibit) the autophagy pathway. Natural products may target different regulatory components of the autophagy pathway, including specific kinases or phosphatases. In this review, we evaluated ~100 natural compounds and plant species and their impact on different types of cancers via the autophagy pathway. We also discuss the impact of these compounds on the UPR and apoptosis via the autophagy pathway. A multitude of preclinical findings have shown the function of botanicals in regulating cell autophagy and its potential impact on cancer therapy; however, the number of related clinical trials to date remains low. In this regard, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to better clarify the utility of natural compounds and their modulatory effects on autophagy, as fine-tuning of autophagy could be translated into therapeutic applications for several cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Martelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marzieh Omrani
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
| | - Maryam Zarghooni
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto Alumna, Toronto, ON M5S 3J3, Canada
| | - Valentina Citi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simone Brogi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calderone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group in Community Nutrition, Oxidative Stress and Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Shahrokh Lorzadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Simone C. da Silva Rosa
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Beniamin Oscar Grabarek
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- GynCentrum, Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Virology, 40-851 Katowice, Poland
| | - Rafał Staszkiewicz
- Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academy of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Department of Neurosurgery, 5th Military Clinical Hospital with the SP ZOZ Polyclinic in Krakow, 30-901 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek J. Los
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Nutringredientes Research Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFCE), Baturite 62760-000, Brazil
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Advanced Medical Pharma (AMP-Biotec), Biopharmaceutical Innovation Centre, Via Cortenocera, 82030 San Salvatore Telesino, Italy
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran
| | - Daniel J. Klionsky
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, Academia of Silesia, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Chen C, Cai J, Ren YH, Xu Y, Liu HL, Zhao YY, Chen XF, Liu ZB. Antimicrobial activity, chemical composition and mechanism of action of Chinese chive ( Allium tuberosum Rottler) extracts. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1028627. [PMID: 36386646 PMCID: PMC9664698 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1028627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese chive (Allium tuberosum Rottler) is a popular food from Allium species in East and Southeast Asia. Most Allium species possess characteristic aromas and have antimicrobial activity. In this study, the antimicrobial activities of root, leaf, and scape extracts of Chinese chive at different pH levels (3.0, 5.0, 7.0, 9.0, and 10.7) were compared. The most pronounced activity was produced by the scape extract, and the greatest activity was obtained at pH 5.0. HPLC and GC-MS analysis showed that the major active ingredient was 2-amino-5-methylbenzoic acid. The mechanism of action of Chinese chive scape extracts may involve the depression or disruption of cell membrane integrity, according to our results of the leakage of electrolytes and protein, as well as scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Cai
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying-hong Ren
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong-ling Liu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-yang Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing-fu Chen
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,*Correspondence: Xing-fu Chen,
| | - Zhi-bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China,Zhi-bin Liu,
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Zhou Y, Li X, Luo W, Zhu J, Zhao J, Wang M, Sang L, Chang B, Wang B. Allicin in Digestive System Cancer: From Biological Effects to Clinical Treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:903259. [PMID: 35770084 PMCID: PMC9234177 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.903259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Allicin is the main active ingredient in freshly-crushed garlic and some other allium plants, and its anticancer effect on cancers of digestive system has been confirmed in many studies. The aim of this review is to summarize epidemiological studies and in vitro and in vivo investigations on the anticancer effects of allicin and its secondary metabolites, as well as their biological functions. In epidemiological studies of esophageal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and biliary tract cancer, the anticancer effect of garlic has been confirmed consistently. However, the results obtained from epidemiological studies in gastric cancer and colon cancer are inconsistent. In vitro studies demonstrated that allicin and its secondary metabolites play an antitumor role by inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, controlling tumor invasion and metastasis, decreasing angiogenesis, suppressing Helicobacter pylori, enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, and reducing the damage caused by chemotherapeutic drugs. In vivo studies further demonstrate that allicin and its secondary metabolites inhibit cancers of the digestive system. This review describes the mechanisms against cancers of digestive system and therapeutic potential of allicin and its secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- The Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xingxuan Li
- The Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenyu Luo
- The Second Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixuan Sang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Bing Chang,
| | - Bingyuan Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Hamedi A, Bayat M, Asemani Y, Amirghofran Z. A review of potential anti-cancer properties of some selected medicinal plants grown in Iran. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Tabnak P, Masrouri S, Mafakheri A. Natural products in suppressing glioma progression: A focus on the role of microRNAs. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1576-1599. [PMID: 35174549 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most common malignancies of the central nervous system. Due to inadequate response to the current treatments available, glioma has been at the center of recent cancer studies searching for novel treatment strategies. This has prompted an intensive search using linkage studies and preliminary evidence to gain efficient insight into the mechanisms involved in the alleviation of the pathogenesis of glioma mediated by miRNAs, a group of noncoding RNAs that affect gene expression posttranscriptionally. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs can exacerbate the malignant features of tumor cells in glioma and other cancers. Natural products can exert anticancer effects on glioma cells by stimulating the expression levels of tumor suppressor miRNAs and repressing the expression levels of oncogenic miRNAs. In this review, we aimed to collect and analyze the literature addressing the roles of natural products in the treatment of glioma, with an emphasis on their involvement in the regulation of miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Tabnak
- Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soroush Masrouri
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asrin Mafakheri
- Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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13
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Anticancer potential of allicin: A review. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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14
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Park YS, Nam GH, Jo KJ, Kawk HW, Kim SY, Kim YM. Extract from Zanthoxylum piperitum Induces Apoptosis of AGS Gastric Cancer Cells Through Akt/MDM2/p53 Signaling Pathway. Chin J Integr Med 2021; 27:752-759. [PMID: 34319505 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3486-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of Zanthoxylum piperitum extracet (ZPE) on apoptosis and analyze anticancer substances in ZPE, changes in proteins related to apoptosis, and pathological changes in tumors in mouse. METHODS Fifteen 4-week-old female BALB/c nu/nu mice were divided into 3 groups depending on ZPE dose, with 5 in each group. AGS gastric carcinoma cells (1 × 106 cells/200 µL) were subcutaneously injected into the flank of each mouse. One week after the injection of AGS cells, ZPE was administered to the skin tissue [10 or 50 mg/(kg·d)] in the low- and high-dose groups, respectively for 20 days. Control animals were injected with vehicle only. After 3 weeks, the tumor was extracted and carried out for immunohistochemistry, the tendency of apoptosis and p53 in the body was checked using TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. For 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, annexin V dead cell staining, cell cycle arrest and Western blotting, AGS gastric carcinoma cells were incubated with various concentrations of ZPE for 24 h. Cell survival rates were analyzed by MTT assays. Apoptosis was analyzed using annexin V dead cell staining and cell cycle arrest and measured using Muse cell analyzer. RESULTS High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that ZPE contained organic sulfur compounds such as alliin and S-allylcysteine. MTT assay results revealed that ZPE (10-85 µ g/mL) could effectively inhibit the growth of AGS gastric cancer cells at higher concentrations (P<0.05, P<0.01). The annexin V & dead cell staining assay and cell cycle arrest assay confirmed a dose-dependent increase in the apoptosis rate and G1 phase in ZPE (10-70 µ g/mL) groups. ZPE decreased the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins (p-Akt, p-MDM2, Bcl-2), while increased pro-apoptotic proteins (cleaved PARP, p53, pro-Caspase 3, Bax). TUNEL assays revealed an increase in cell apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry staining confirmed the involvement of p53. CONCLUSION ZPE decreases AGS cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by inhibiting Akt and MDM2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Seul Park
- Department of Biological science and Biotechnology, College of Life science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Gun He Nam
- Department of Biological science and Biotechnology, College of Life science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Kyung Jo Jo
- Department of Biological science and Biotechnology, College of Life science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Kawk
- Department of Biological science and Biotechnology, College of Life science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea
| | - Sang Yung Kim
- Department of Food Science & Bio Technology, Shinansan University, Deahakro Danwon-gu, Ansan-City, Gyenggi-do, Korea
| | - Young Min Kim
- Department of Biological science and Biotechnology, College of Life science and Nano Technology, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
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15
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Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanocapsules as Efficient Delivery Systems of Garlic Oil Active Components with Anticancer Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051354. [PMID: 34065497 PMCID: PMC8160828 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS) and diallyl trisulfide (DATS) are garlic oil compounds exhibiting beneficial healthy properties including anticancer action. However, these compounds are sparingly water-soluble with a limited stability that may imply damage to blood vessels or cells after administration. Thus, their encapsulation in the oil-core nanocapsules based on a derivative of hyaluronic acid was investigated here as a way of protecting against oxidation and undesired interactions with blood and digestive track components. The nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) technique was used to follow the oxidation processes. It was proved that the shell of the capsule acts as a barrier limiting the sulfur oxidation, enhancing the stability of C=C bonds in DADS and DATS. Moreover, it was shown that the encapsulation inhibited the lysis of the red blood cell membrane (mainly for DADS) and interactions with serum or digestive track components. Importantly, the biological functions and anticancer activity of DADS and DATS were preserved after encapsulation. Additionally, the nanocapsule formulations affected the migration of neoplastic cells—a desirable preliminary observation concerning the inhibition of migration. The proposed route of administration of these garlic extract components would enable reaching their higher concentrations in blood, longer circulation in a bloodstream, and thus, imply a better therapeutic effect.
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16
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Sarvizadeh M, Hasanpour O, Naderi Ghale-Noie Z, Mollazadeh S, Rezaei M, Pourghadamyari H, Masoud Khooy M, Aschner M, Khan H, Rezaei N, Shojaie L, Mirzaei H. Allicin and Digestive System Cancers: From Chemical Structure to Its Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650256. [PMID: 33987085 PMCID: PMC8111078 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system cancer tumors are one of the major causes of cancer-related fatalities; the vast majority of them are colorectal or gastric malignancies. Epidemiological evidence confirmed that allium-containing food, such as garlic, reduces the risk of developing malignancies. Among all compounds in garlic, allicin has been most researched, as it contains sulfur and produces many second degradation compounds, such as sulfur dioxide, diallyl sulfide (DAS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), and diallyl disulfide (DADS) in the presence of enzymatic reactions in gastric juice. These substances have shown anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and anticancer efficacy, including gastrointestinal (GI) cancers, leukemia, and skin cancers. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic potential of allicin in the treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshad Sarvizadeh
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Centre, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Hasanpour
- School of Paramedicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Samaneh Mollazadeh
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rezaei
- Department of Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourghadamyari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Department of Medicine, Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Takim K, Yigin A, Koyuncu I, Kaya R, Gülçin İ. Anticancer, anticholinesterase and antidiabetic activities of tunceli garlic (Allium tuncelianum): determining its phytochemical content by LC–MS/MS analysis. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00912-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Țigu AB, Moldovan CS, Toma VA, Farcaș AD, Moț AC, Jurj A, Fischer-Fodor E, Mircea C, Pârvu M. Phytochemical Analysis and In Vitro Effects of Allium fistulosum L. and Allium sativum L. Extracts on Human Normal and Tumor Cell Lines: A Comparative Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030574. [PMID: 33499159 PMCID: PMC7866094 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Allium sativum L. (garlic bulbs) and Allium fistulosum L. (Welsh onion leaves) showed quantitative differences of identified compounds: allicin and alliin (380 µg/mL and 1410 µg/mL in garlic; 20 µg/mL and 145 µg/mL in Welsh onion), and the phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, gentisic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, kaempferol, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, quercetin, and rutin). The chemical composition determined the inhibitory activity of Allium extracts in a dose-dependent manner, on human normal cells (BJ-IC50 0.8841% garlic/0.2433% Welsh onion and HaCaT-IC50 1.086% garlic/0.6197% Welsh onion) and tumor cells (DLD-1-IC50 5.482%/2.124%; MDA-MB-231-IC50 6.375%/2.464%; MCF-7-IC50 6.131%/3.353%; and SK-MES-1-IC50 4.651%/5.819%). At high concentrations, the cytotoxic activity of each extract, on normal cells, was confirmed by: the 50% of the growth inhibition concentration (IC50) value, the cell death induced by necrosis, and biochemical determination of LDH, catalase, and Caspase-3. The four tumor cell lines treated with high concentrations (10%, 5%, 2.5%, and 1.25%) of garlic extract showed different sensibility, appreciated on the base of IC50 value for the most sensitive cell line (SK-MES-1), and the less sensitive (MDA-MB-231) cell line. The high concentrations of Welsh onion extract (5%, 2.5%, and 1.25%) induced pH changes in the culture medium and SK-MES-1 being the less sensitive cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Bogdan Țigu
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.-A.T.); (A.D.F.); (C.M.)
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine—MedFuture, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.Ț.); (M.P.); Tel.: +40-727266516 (A.B.Ț.)
| | - Cristian Silviu Moldovan
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine—MedFuture, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.)
| | - Vlad-Alexandru Toma
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.-A.T.); (A.D.F.); (C.M.)
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Biological Research, Branch of NIRDBS Bucharest, 400113 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre for Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresurces “3B”, Babeș-Bolyai University, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Daniela Farcaș
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.-A.T.); (A.D.F.); (C.M.)
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute of Biological Research, Branch of NIRDBS Bucharest, 400113 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Augustin Cătălin Moț
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ancuța Jurj
- The Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine—MedFuture, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.)
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, The Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta”, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Mircea
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.-A.T.); (A.D.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Marcel Pârvu
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.-A.T.); (A.D.F.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.Ț.); (M.P.); Tel.: +40-727266516 (A.B.Ț.)
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Transcriptome and phytochemical analyses provide insights into the organic sulfur pathway in Allium hirtifolium. Sci Rep 2021; 11:768. [PMID: 33436989 PMCID: PMC7804154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80837-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Allium is one of the well-known genera of the Amaryllidaceae family, which contains over 780 species. Onions, garlic, leeks, and shallots are the most important species of this genus. Allium hirtifolium (shallot) is a rich source of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, and bioactive compounds such as organic sulfur compounds with an expansive range of biological activities and medicinal attributes. To identify the putative compounds and genes involved in the organic sulfur pathway, we applied GC-MS and RNA-seq techniques for the bulb, stem, and flower tissues of A. hirtifolium. The essential oil analysis revealed the maximum amount of sulfur compounds in stem against flower and bulb tissues. Transcriptome profiling showed 6155, 6494, and 4259 DEGs for bulb vs. flower, bulb vs. stem, and flower vs. stem, respectively. Overall, more genes were identified as being up-regulated rather than down-regulated in flower tissue compared to the stem and bulb tissues. Our findings in accordance with other results from different papers, suggest that carbohydrates are vital to bulb formation and development because a high number of identified DEGs (586 genes) were mapped to carbohydrate metabolism. This study has detected the genes in the organic sulfur pathway and indicated that the alliinase gene shows a high variability among different tissues. In general, this study formed a useful genomic resource data to explore tissue-specific sulfur pathway in A. hirtifolium, which is helpful for functional breeding.
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Zhang X, Chen L, Leng R, Zhang J, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Yang S, He K, Huang B. Mechanism study of the beneficial effect of sodium selenite on metabolic disorders in imidacloprid-treated garlic plants. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110736. [PMID: 32450438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As an effective neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (IMI) has been widely used in crop production, but its residue affects normal plant growth. Selenium (Se) is a non-essential mineral nutrient in higher plants, that acts as the active centre of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), which removes harmful peroxides. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which selenium improves the growth status of IMI-treated garlic plants through analyses of apparent morphology and antioxidant enzyme activity as well as the dynamic changes in nutrients and metabolites in the plants. The results showed that 80 μg/kg Na2SeO3 had a strong effect on alleviating the damage in garlic plants exposed to IMI (1.2 mg/kg) by increasing the absorption of mineral elements to enhance the synthesis of chlorophyll and antioxidant enzymes. A nontarget metabolomics analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) indicated that the addition of Na2SeO3 to IMI-treated garlic could reconstruct the plant metabolic distribution by enhancing the nitrogen and indole metabolism, maintaining lower concentrations of secondary metabolites and maintaining the balance of the plant energy metabolism. Our study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which garlic plants responds to IMI exposure and suggests the use of selenium with IMI-contaminated plants as a solution for the advancement of sustainable agricultural pesticide use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoni Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Lingyun Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Ruyue Leng
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- Anhui Province Huaxin Biological Medical Co. Ltd., Jieshou, 236501, Anhui, China
| | - Silin Yang
- Anhui Province Huaxin Biological Medical Co. Ltd., Jieshou, 236501, Anhui, China
| | - Kan He
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Bei Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China; Center for Stem Cell and Translational Medicine, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.
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Li T, Ren L, Wang D, Song M, Li Q, Li J. Effect of allicin and its mechanism of action in purine removal in turbot. J Food Sci 2020; 85:3562-3569. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization (Dalian Minzu University) Ministry of Education Dalian Liaoning 116029 China
| | - Likun Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning 121013 China
| | - Dangfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning 121013 China
| | - Minjie Song
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning 121013 China
| | - Qiuying Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning 121013 China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning 121013 China
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Rosas-González VC, Téllez-Bañuelos MC, Hernández-Flores G, Bravo-Cuellar A, Aguilar-Lemarroy A, Jave-Suárez LF, Haramati J, Solorzano-Ibarra F, Ortiz-Lazareno PC. Differential effects of alliin and allicin on apoptosis and senescence in luminal A and triple-negative breast cancer: Caspase, ΔΨm, and pro-apoptotic gene involvement. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 34:671-686. [PMID: 32286702 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women worldwide, and drug resistance is common in all breast cancer types. The combination of natural products with chemotherapies has attracted attention, as it was found that natural compounds enhance the effects of standard cancer chemotherapeutic drugs and protect from side effects. Into the different natural products, garlic has been recognized for its antitumor properties. It is suggested that its anticancer effects are associated with its organo-sulfur compounds, especially alliin and allicin. Here, we evaluated the effects of both molecules on cell death, senescence, and their senolytic potential in luminal A and triple-negative breast cancer cells. MCF-7 (luminal A) and HCC-70 (triple-negative) cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of alliin or allicin. Then, cell viability was determined using the WST-1 reagent. Apoptosis and caspase activity were evaluated by flow cytometry; ΔΨm was assessed using a JC-10 fluorometric assay kit. Apoptosis-related genes were evaluated by RT-PCR. Proliferation was measured using bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. We also evaluated clonogenicity, senescence (β-Galactosidase Staining), and the senolytic effect of the compounds. Our results showed that allicin has antiproliferative, anticlonogenic, and senolytic effects. In addition, allicin decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis by loss of ΔΨm, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 activation, upregulation of NOXA, P21, and BAK, as well as downregulation of BCL-XL expression. Contrary to allicin, alliin promoted clonogenicity, induced senescence, and did not exhibit pro-apoptotic effects in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Celeste Rosas-González
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas Orientación en Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Jalico, México
| | - Martha Cecilia Téllez-Bañuelos
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Las Agujas, 45220, Jalisco, México
| | - Georgina Hernández-Flores
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México
| | - Alejandro Bravo-Cuellar
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México.,Centro Universitario de los Altos, Universidad de Guadalajara, Tepatitlán de Morelos, 47620, Jalisco, México
| | - Adriana Aguilar-Lemarroy
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México
| | - Luis Felipe Jave-Suárez
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México
| | - Jesse Haramati
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Las Agujas, 45220, Jalisco, México
| | - Fabiola Solorzano-Ibarra
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas Orientación en Inmunología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Jalico, México
| | - Pablo Cesar Ortiz-Lazareno
- División de Inmunología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Guadalajara, 44340, Jalisco, México
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Fukaya M, Nakamura S, Hayashida H, Noguchi D, Nakashima S, Yoneda T, Matsuda H. Structures of Cyclic Organosulfur Compounds From Garlic ( Allium sativum L.) Leaves. Front Chem 2020; 8:282. [PMID: 32426322 PMCID: PMC7205455 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Five new cyclic organosulfur compounds, foliogarlic disulfanes A1 (1), A2 (2), and A3 (3) and foliogarlic trisulfane A1 (4) and A2 (5), were isolated from the leaves of Allium sativum (garlic). The chemical structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical evidence including Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Mass Spectrometry (MS). Compounds 1-5 were obtained as complex compounds with disulfane or trisulfane and tetrahydro-2H-difuro[3,2-b:2',3'-c]furan-5(5aH)-one. In addition, the hypothetical biosynthetic pathways of these compounds were suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Fukaya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Seikou Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hayashida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Noguchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Souichi Nakashima
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoneda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hisashi Matsuda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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24
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Țigu AB, Toma VA, Moț AC, Jurj A, Moldovan CS, Fischer-Fodor E, Berindan-Neagoe I, Pârvu M. The Synergistic Antitumor Effect of 5-Fluorouracil Combined with Allicin against Lung and Colorectal Carcinoma Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081947. [PMID: 32331446 PMCID: PMC7221923 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer drug used to inhibit the proliferation of many different tumor cells. Since severe events are associated with this compound, its combination with different anticancer drugs or adjuvants would allow the use of a significantly lower dose of 5-FU. In this study, we highlighted that the combination of allicin with 5-FU inhibited the cell migration and proliferation of colorectal and lung cancer cells. 5-FU inhibited cell growth with a similar inhibitory concentration for both normal and tumor cells (~200µM), while allicin showed different inhibitory concentrations. With an IC50 of 8.625 µM, lung cancer cells were the most sensitive to allicin. Compared to 5-FU and allicin single-agent treatments, the co-treatment showed a reduced viability rate, with p < 0.05. The morphological changes were visible on all three cell lines, indicating that the treatment inhibited the proliferation of both normal and tumor cells. We highlighted different cell death mechanisms—apoptosis for lung cancer and a non-apoptotic cell death for colorectal cancer. The synergistic antitumor effect of 5-FU combined with allicin was visible against lung and colorectal carcinoma cells. Better results were obtained when a lower concentration of 5-FU was combined with allicin than the single-agent treatment at IC50.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Bogdan Țigu
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.Ț.); (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.); (I.B.-N.)
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Vlad-Alexandru Toma
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Institute of Biological Research Cluj-Napoca, branch of NIRDBS Bucuresti, 400113 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Molecular and Biomolecular Physics, National Institute for R&D of Isotopic and MolecularTechnologies, 67-103 Donat, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Augustin Cătălin Moț
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University,11 Arany Janos Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ancuța Jurj
- The Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Cristian Silviu Moldovan
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.Ț.); (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.); (I.B.-N.)
- The Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.Ț.); (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.); (I.B.-N.)
- Department of Radiobiology and Tumor Biology, the Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta”, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MedFuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.B.Ț.); (C.S.M.); (E.F.-F.); (I.B.-N.)
- The Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, the Oncology Institute “Prof Dr Ion Chiricuta”, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marcel Pârvu
- Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeș-Bolyai University, 42 Republicii Street, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence:
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25
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Cost Effective Use of a Thiosulfinate-Enriched Allium sativum Extract in Combination with Chemotherapy in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082766. [PMID: 32316312 PMCID: PMC7216288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we sought to investigate the effects of a thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract, co-administered with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or oxaliplatin chemotherapy, on the viability of colon cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29). We also addressed the economic feasibility of a new combined treatment of this thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract, with oxaliplatin that could reduce the dosage and costs of a monotherapy. The thiosulfinate-enriched garlic extract not only enhanced the impact of 5-FU and oxaliplatin (500 µM) in decreasing Caco-2 and HT-29 viability, but also showed a higher effect than standard 5-FU and oxaliplatin chemotherapy as anti-cancer agents. These results provided evidences for the combination of lyophilized garlic extract and 5-FU or oxaliplatin as a novel chemotherapy regimen in colon cancer cells that may also reduce the clinical therapy costs.
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26
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Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Rahmani AH. Garlic and its Active Compounds: A Potential Candidate in The Prevention of Cancer by Modulating Various Cell Signalling Pathways. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1314-1324. [PMID: 30963982 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190409100955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is a multi-factorial disease including alterations in the cell signalling pathways. Currently, several drugs are in use to treat cancer but such drugs show negative side effects on normal cells and cause severe toxicity. METHODS The current research is mainly focused on medicinal plants with potential therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of cancer without any adverse effects on normal cells. In this regard, garlic and its active compounds including diallyl sulfide, diallyl trisulfide, ajoene, and allicin have been established to suppress the growth of cancer and killing of cancer cells. RESULT The review focuses on garlic and its active compounds chemopreventive effect through modulating various cell signalling pathways. Additionally, garlic and its active compound were established to induce cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and G2/M phases in cancer cells, increase the expression of tumor suppressor genes, inhibit the angiogenesis process, induction of apoptosis and modulation of various other genetic pathways. CONCLUSION This review sketches the diverse chemopreventive activities of garlic and their active ingredients in the management of cancer mainly focusing on cell signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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27
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Wu H, Li X, Zhang T, Zhang G, Chen J, Chen L, He M, Hao B, Wang C. Overexpression miR-486-3p Promoted by Allicin Enhances Temozolomide Sensitivity in Glioblastoma Via Targeting MGMT. Neuromolecular Med 2020; 22:359-369. [PMID: 32086739 PMCID: PMC7417398 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-020-08592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary tumor of the central nervous system that develops chemotherapy resistance. Previous studies showed that Allicin could inhibit multiple cancer cells including glioblastoma, but the function of Allicin in glioblastoma is still unclear. Our work aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. The results showed that miR-486-3p levels were greatly increased in glioblastoma during Allicin treatment. Overexpression of miR-486-3p increased chemosensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ) in vitro and in vivo. O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was identified as a direct target of miR-486-3p, and miR-486-3p overexpression prevented the protein translation of MGMT. Moreover, overexpression of MGMT restored miR-486-3p-induced chemosensitivity to TMZ. Taken together, our studies revealed that Allicin could upregulate miR-486-3p and enhance TMZ sensitivity in glioblastoma. The results suggested that in the future, Allicin can be used as an adjuvant therapy with TMZ to improve the prognosis of patients, and miR-486-3p may be a potential target for glioblastoma treatment to improve the curative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henggang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wenrong Hospital of Hengdian, Jinhua, 322118, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310002, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiehui Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310002, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingnan Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bilie Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310011, Zhejiang, China.
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28
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Hussain S, Ullah F, Sadiq A, Ayaz M, Shah AUHA, Ali Shah SA, Shah SM, Nadhman A, Ullah F, Wadood A, El-Shazly M. Cytotoxicity of Anchusa arvensis Against HepG-2 Cell Lines: Mechanistic and Computational Approaches. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2805-2813. [PMID: 31702502 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191105103801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver cancer is a devastating cancer with increasing incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Plants possess numerous therapeutic properties, therefore the search for novel, naturally occurring cytotoxic compounds is urgently needed. METHODS The anticancer activity of plant extracts and isolated compounds from Anchusa arvensis (A. arvensis) were studied against the cell culture of HepG-2 (human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines) using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-yl)-diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis was investigated by performing Acridine orange -ethidium bromide staining, styox green assay and DNA interaction study. We also used tools for computational chemistry studies of isolated compounds with the tyrosine kinase. RESULTS In MTT assay, the crude extract caused a significant cytotoxic effect with IC50 of 34.14 ± 0.9 μg/ml against HepG-2 cell lines. Upon fractionation, chloroform fraction (Aa.Chm) exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity with IC50 6.55 ± 1.2 μg/ml followed by ethyl acetate (Aa.Et) fraction (IC50, 24.59 ± 0.85 μg/ml) and n-hexane (Aa.Hex) fraction (IC50 29.53 ± 1.5μg/ml). However, the aqueous (Aa.Aq) fraction did not show any anti-proliferative activity. Bioactivity-guided isolation led to the isolation of two compounds which were characterized as para-methoxycatechol (1) and decane (2) through various spectroscopic techniques. Against HepG-2 cells, compound 1 showed marked potency with IC50 6.03 ± 0.75 μg/ml followed by 2 with IC50 18.52 ± 1.9 μg/ml. DMSO was used as a negative control and doxorubicin as a reference standard (IC50 1.3 ± 0.21 μg/ml). It was observed that compounds 1-2 caused apoptotic cell death evaluated by Acridine orange -ethidium bromide staining, styox green assay and DNA interaction study, therefore both compounds were tested for molecular docking studies against tyrosine kinase to support cytotoxic activity. CONCLUSION This study revealed that the plant extracts and isolated compounds possess promising antiproliferative activity against HepG-2 cell lines via apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Hussain
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Farhat Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Adnan Ali Shah
- Research Institute of Natural Products for Drug Discovery (RiND), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Syed Majid Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Malakand, Pakistan.,Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Institute of Integrative Biosciences IIB, CECOS University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Farman Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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29
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Abstract
We present an illustrative case of unintentional burns to the feet of a 15-month-old child following the application of raw garlic as a home remedy for fever. We provide an overview of the historical medicinal uses of garlic as well as its unintended adverse effects. This case underscores the importance of clinicians' ability to recognize unusual presentations of injury due to culturally based practices that require care in emergency settings. This is particularly important in patient populations for whom abusive etiology would be considered.
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30
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Asemani Y, Zamani N, Bayat M, Amirghofran Z. Allium vegetables for possible future of cancer treatment. Phytother Res 2019; 33:3019-3039. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Asemani
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Nasrindokht Zamani
- Research Center for Persian Medicine and History MedicineShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Maryam Bayat
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Zahra Amirghofran
- Department of ImmunologyShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Autoimmune Diseases Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
- Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry Research CenterShiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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31
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Wende K, von Woedtke T, Weltmann KD, Bekeschus S. Chemistry and biochemistry of cold physical plasma derived reactive species in liquids. Biol Chem 2019; 400:19-38. [PMID: 30403650 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species deposited by cold physical plasma are proposed as predominant effectors in the interaction between discharge and biomedical application. Most reactive species found in plasma sources are known in biology for inter- and intracellular communication (redox signaling) and mammalian cells are equipped to interpret the plasma derived redox signal. As such, considerable effort has been put into the investigation of potential clinical applications and the underlying mechanism, with a special emphasis on conditions orchestrated significantly via redox signaling. Among these, immune system control in wound healing and cancer control stands out with promising in vitro and in vivo effects. From the fundamental point of view, further insight in the interaction of the plasma-derived species with biological systems is desired to (a) optimize treatment conditions, (b) identify new fields of application, (c) to improve plasma source design, and (d) to identify the trajectories of reactive species. Knowledge on the biochemical reactivity of non-thermal plasmas is compiled and discussed. While there is considerable knowledge on proteins, lipids and carbohydrates have not received the attention deserved. Nucleic acids have been profoundly investigated yet focusing on molecule functionality rather than chemistry. The data collected underline the efforts taken to understand the fundamentals of plasma medicine but also indicate 'no man's lands' waiting to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Wende
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.,Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas von Woedtke
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.,Greifswald University Medicine, Fleischmannstr. 8, D-17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Weltmann
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany.,Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
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32
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Park Y, Lee S, Yoon J, Kim E, Park S. Allicin protects porcine oocytes against damage during aging in vitro. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1116-1125. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yun‐Gwi Park
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life SciencesJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Mirae Cell BioSeoul Korea
| | - Seung‐Eun Lee
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life SciencesJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
| | - Jae‐Wook Yoon
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life SciencesJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
| | - Eun‐Young Kim
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life SciencesJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Mirae Cell BioSeoul Korea
- Byon Co., Ltd.Seoul Korea
| | - Se‐Pill Park
- Stem Cell Research CenterJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, College of Applied Life SciencesJeju National UniversityJeju Jeju Special Self‐Governing Province Korea
- Mirae Cell BioSeoul Korea
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33
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Bahuguna A, Shukla S, Lee JS, Bajpai VK, Kim SY, Huh YS, Han YK, Kim M. Garlic augments the functional and nutritional behavior of Doenjang, a traditional Korean fermented soybean paste. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5436. [PMID: 30931955 PMCID: PMC6443795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41691-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Three different forms of garlic, namely, fresh garlic (2%, 6%, 10%), heat-dried (1%, 2%, 3%) and freeze-dried (1%, 2%, 3%), were supplemented in soybean paste to prepare Doenjang and further evaluated for functional, nutritional and safety aspects. Results showed a considerable antioxidant and anti-proliferative activity of garlic-supplemented Doenjang. As a measure of nutritive value, a high amount of total free amino acids, 4,290.73 mg/100 g-5,492.94 mg/100 g, was observed in prepared Doenjang. Among all preparations, 3% freeze-dried garlic-supplemented Doenjang proved the most effective against gastric adenocarcinoma and lung adenocarcinoma with 50% inhibition concentration of 7.66 ± 0.53 mg/mL and 7.82 ± 0.34 mg/mL, respectively. However 10% fresh-garlicsupplemented Doenjang (GGD-10) showed better activity against colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell line. Furthermore, GGD-10 effectively reduced colony formation and altered mitochondrial membrane potential of HT29 cells. Absence of pathogenic bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella species and Bacillus cereus) and aflatoxin was observed in Doenjang samples. In addition, nontoxic amount of anti-nutritional biogenic amines was observed in all the samples. The results collectively suggest that the addition of garlic in Doenjang can improve its nutritional and functional value, resulting in the protection of consumers from protein deficiencies and various stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Suk Lee
- Division of Food & Nutrition and Cook, Taegu Science University, Daegu, 41453, Republic of Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- Department of Agrofood Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, 166 Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju, Jellabuk-do, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- Department of Biological Engineering, Biohybrid Systems Research Center (BSRC), Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Chen C, Cai J, Liu SQ, Qiu GL, Wu XG, Zhang W, Chen C, Qi WL, Wu Y, Liu ZB. Comparative study on the composition of four different varieties of garlic. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6442. [PMID: 30809446 PMCID: PMC6387757 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Garlic is used as a medicinal seasoning worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare four varieties of garlic: ‘Taicangbaipi’, ‘Ershuizao’, ‘Hongqixing’, and ‘Single-clove’; among them, ‘Ershuizao’ and ‘Hongqixing’ are unique to the Sichuan Province of China. Firstly, soluble sugar, starch, and the protein content of the garlic were analysed. There was more soluble sugar in ‘Single-clove’, total starch in ‘Hongqixing’, and protein content in ‘Ershuizao’ relative to the other three varieties, respectively. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed that ‘Ershuizao’ and ‘Hongqixing’ contained high levels of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, which has antitumor, antioxidant, and cytoprotective effects. Indeed, the extracts from these two types of garlic were more effective at inhibiting tumour growth than that from the others. Moreover, the sulphide content and antimicrobial effects of ‘Ershuizao’ and ‘Hongqixing’ garlic were also higher than those of the other two types of garlic. In addition, changes observed in the membrane permeability and protein leakage suggest that the antimicrobial activity of the ‘Ershuizao’ and ‘Hongqixing’ extracts may be due to the destruction of the structural integrity of the cell membranes, leading to cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Jing Cai
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Song-Qing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Guo-Liang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Xiao-Gang Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, PR China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wei-Liang Qi
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Zhi-Bin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
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Gruhlke MCH, Antelmann H, Bernhardt J, Kloubert V, Rink L, Slusarenko AJ. The human allicin-proteome: S-thioallylation of proteins by the garlic defence substance allicin and its biological effects. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 131:144-153. [PMID: 30500420 PMCID: PMC6342545 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A single clove of edible garlic (Allium sativum L.) of about 10 g produces up to 5 mg of allicin (diallylthiosulfinate), a thiol-reactive sulfur-containing defence substance that gives injured garlic tissue its characteristic smell. Allicin induces apoptosis or necrosis in a dose-dependent manner but biocompatible doses influence cellular metabolism and signalling cascades. Oxidation of protein thiols and depletion of the glutathione pool are thought to be responsible for allicin's physiological effects. Here, we studied the effect of allicin on post-translational thiol-modification in human Jurkat T-cells using shotgun LC-MS/MS analyses. We identified 332 proteins that were modified by S-thioallylation in the Jurkat cell proteome which causes a mass shift of 72 Da on cysteines. Many S-thioallylated proteins are highly abundant proteins, including cytoskeletal proteins tubulin, actin, cofilin, filamin and plastin-2, the heat shock chaperones HSP90 and HSPA4, the glycolytic enzymes GAPDH, ALDOA, PKM as well the protein translation factor EEF2. Allicin disrupted the actin cytoskeleton in murine L929 fibroblasts. Allicin stimulated the immune response by causing Zn2+ release from proteins and increasing the Zn2+-dependent IL-1-triggered production of IL-2 in murine EL-4 T-cells. Furthermore, allicin caused inhibition of enolase activity, an enzyme considered a cancer therapy target. In conclusion, our study revealed the widespread extent of S-thioallylation in the human Jurkat cell proteome and showed effects of allicin exposure on essential cellular functions of selected targets, many of which are targets for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C H Gruhlke
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Haike Antelmann
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institute of Biology-Microbiology, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Bernhardt
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Straße 8, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Veronika Kloubert
- Institute of Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Alan J Slusarenko
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringer Weg 1, D-52056 Aachen, Germany
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36
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Allicin induces beige-like adipocytes via KLF15 signal cascade. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 64:13-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Bhaumik I, Pal K, Debnath U, Karmakar P, Jana K, Misra AK. Natural product inspired allicin analogs as novel anti-cancer agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 86:259-272. [PMID: 30731359 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.01.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel analogs of Allicin (S-allyl prop-2-ene-1-sulfinothioate) present in garlic has been synthesized in high yield. Synthesized 23 compounds were evaluated against different breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-468 and MCF-7) and non-cancer cells (WI38). Four compounds (3f, 3h, 3m and 3u) showed significant cytotoxicity against cancer cells whereas nontoxic to the normal cells. Based on the LD50 values and selectivity index (SI), compound 3h (S-p-methoxybenzyl (p-methoxyphenyl)methanesulfinothioate) was considered as most promising anticancer agent amongst the above three compounds. Further bio-chemical studies confirmed that compound 3h promotes ROS generation, changes in mitochondrial permeability transition and induced caspase mediated DNA damage and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Bhaumik
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Kunal Pal
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Utsab Debnath
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Parimal Karmakar
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India
| | - Anup Kumar Misra
- Bose Institute, Division of Molecular Medicine, P-1/12, C.I.T. Scheme VII M, Kolkata 700054, India.
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Olivito F, Amodio N, Di Gioia ML, Nardi M, Oliverio M, Juli G, Tassone P, Procopio A. Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of the anti-cancer activity on A549 lung cancer cells of a series of unsaturated disulfides. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:116-119. [PMID: 30774859 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00503f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
We synthesized a series of small symmetrical unsaturated disulfides by a multi-step reaction starting from organic alcohols, and we performed a preliminary test to evaluate the effect of these compounds on the viability of A549 lung cancer cells. The garlic-derived natural compound diallyl disulfide, known for its anticancer activity, was used as the lead compound in this study. We synthesized five DADS analogues having different carbon chain lengths and different positions of the double bonds. Two analogues exhibited a promising antitumor activity in vitro, and the allylic double bond did not seem to be the main driving force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Olivito
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy . .,Dipartimento di Chimica , Università della Calabria , Cubo 12C, Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , 87030 , Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Scienze della Salute e della Nutrizione , Università della Calabria , Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , 87030 , Italy
| | - Monica Nardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica , Università della Calabria , Cubo 12C, Arcavacata di Rende , Cosenza , 87030 , Italy.,Dipartimento di Agraria , Università Telematica San Raffaele , Via di Val Cannuta, 247 , Roma , 00166 , Italy
| | - Manuela Oliverio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy .
| | - Giada Juli
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute , Università Magna Græcia , Viale Europa, Germaneto , Catanzaro , 88100 , Italy .
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Hathout RM, Metwally AA, El-Ahmady SH, Metwally ES, Ghonim NA, Bayoumy SA, Erfan T, Ashraf R, Fadel M, El-Kholy AI, Hardy JG. Dual stimuli-responsive polypyrrole nanoparticles for anticancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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40
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Xie WP, Zhang Y, Zhang YK, Li G, Xin J, Bi RX, Li CJ. Treatment of Saos-2 osteosarcoma cells with diallyl trisulfide is associated with an increase in calreticulin expression. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:4737-4742. [PMID: 29844798 PMCID: PMC5958869 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) is a natural organic sulfur compound that may be isolated from garlic and has strong anticancer activity. DATS has been demonstrated to upregulate the expression of calreticulin (CRT) in various types of human cancers, which is associated with the prognosis of cancer and its response to therapy. However, whether DATS has the same effect on human osteosarcoma cells is not known. Therefore, in the present study, Saos-2 human osteosarcoma cells were cultured with different concentrations of DATS (0, 25, 50 and 100 µmol/l) for 24 h, or with 50 µmol/l DATS for different time periods (0, 12, 24 and 36 h). Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blotting and immunofluorescent staining were used to detect CRT mRNA and protein in the Saos-2 cells. Exposure to DATS changed the morphology and inhibited the growth of the Saos-2 cells, and its effects appeared to be concentration- and exposure time-dependent. The optimum concentration and exposure time of DATS were 50 µmol/l and 24 h, respectively. The levels of CRT mRNA and protein in the Saos-2 cells were significantly upregulated following exposure to DATS. The upregulation of CRT expression by DATS may be a mechanism underlying the ability of DATS to inhibit the growth of human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Peng Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Kui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Xiu Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250355, P.R. China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Laiwu Central Hospital of Xinwen Mining Group, Laiwu, Shandong 271103, P.R. China
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41
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Biswas A, Mukhopadhyay S, Singh RS, Kumar A, Rana NK, Koch B, Pandey DS. Manipulating Metallogel Properties by Luminogens and Their Applications in Cell Imaging. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5417-5425. [PMID: 30023918 PMCID: PMC6044964 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Manipulating gelation properties of the isomeric zinc-terpyridine complexes C-1 (nongelator) and C-2 (gelator) using three different luminescent dyes, viz., acridine yellow (AY), ethidium bromide (EB), and azido-boron dipyrromethene, have been described. Hybrid gels created by the combination of C-1, C-2, and above-mentioned dyes have been termed complex-luminogen mixed gels (CLMGs). Ensuing CLMGs have been thoroughly characterized by spectral, morphological, and rheological studies. Cytotoxicity measurements and imaging against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 unveiled that three out of the five CLMGs can be effectively used for cell imaging. Interestingly, direct use of the metal-containing hybrid gels for live cell imaging which is a distinctive approach, has been successfully achieved with significantly encouraging results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Biswas
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roop Shikha Singh
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nishant Kumar Rana
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Biplob Koch
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Daya Shankar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry,
Institute of Science, and Department of Zoology, Institute
of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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42
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Seki K, Ishikawa J, Okada Y. Contribution of 2-Propenesulfenic Acid to the Antioxidant Activity of Allicin. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1265-1270. [PMID: 29660783 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We re-examined the antioxidative mechanism of allicin as a radical scavenger on the basis of the reactivity toward 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxyl radicals. Initially, it was found that allicin decomposed more rapidly in n-hexane and chlorobenzene than in acetonitrile, ethanol, and ethanol/water solutions and decomposed into ajoene and vinyldithiins in these solvents. Furthermore, the decomposition of allicin and the following formations of ajoene and vinyldithiins from allicin were accelerated by the reaction of allicin with DPPH and peroxyl radicals. These results show that 2-propenesulfenic acid, which arises by Cope elimination from allicin, is proposed to contribute to scavenge these radicals because ajoene and vinyldithiins were produced from allicin through the use of 2-propenesulfenic acid. Next, allicin was more effective at inhibiting the linoleic acid oxidation at 50 °C than at 30 °C and in cyclohexane than in acetonitrile. These results indicate that allicin decomposed rapidly at high temperatures in a hydrogen-bond-acceptor solution to 2-propenesulfenic acid. In addition, 2-propene-1-sulfinothionic acid S-methyl ester, which does not produce sulfenic acid through Cope elimination, has no activity against the radicals. On the other hand, methanesulfinothionic acid S-2-propenyl ester, which produces methanesulfenic acid through Cope elimination, has the same or increased activity as its allicin against the radicals. Based on these results, the Cope elimination product, sulfenic acid, from thiosulfinates with an α-sulfenyl proton was found to make a larger contribution to the radical scavenger than that of allicin itself. PRACTICAL APPLICATION We examined the antioxidant activity of allicin on the oxidation of cumene and linoleic acid in homogeneous solutions. It is obvious from these results that 2-propenesulfenic acid was found to make a larger contribution to the radical scavenger than that of allicin itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Seki
- Dept. of Medical Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin Univ., 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Junya Ishikawa
- Dept. of Medical Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin Univ., 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
| | - Youji Okada
- Dept. of Medical Radiological Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kyorin Univ., 5-4-1 Shimorenjaku Mitaka-shi, Tokyo, 181-8612, Japan
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43
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Petrovic V, Nepal A, Olaisen C, Bachke S, Hira J, Søgaard CK, Røst LM, Misund K, Andreassen T, Melø TM, Bartsova Z, Bruheim P, Otterlei M. Anti-Cancer Potential of Homemade Fresh Garlic Extract Is Related to Increased Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040450. [PMID: 29621132 PMCID: PMC5946235 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of garlic and garlic-based extracts has been linked to decreased incidence of cancer in epidemiological studies. Here we examine the molecular and cellular activities of a simple homemade ethanol-based garlic extract (GE). We show that GE inhibits growth of several different cancer cells in vitro, as well as cancer growth in vivo in a syngeneic orthotopic breast cancer model. Multiple myeloma cells were found to be especially sensitive to GE. The GE was fractionated using solid-phase extractions, and we identified allicin in one GE fraction; however, growth inhibitory activities were found in several additional fractions. These activities were lost during freeze or vacuum drying, suggesting that the main anti-cancer compounds in GE are volatile. The anti-cancer activity was stable for more than six months in −20 °C. We found that GE enhanced the activities of chemotherapeutics, as well as MAPK and PI3K inhibitors. Furthermore, GE affected hundreds of proteins involved in cellular signalling, including changes in vital cell signalling cascades regulating proliferation, apoptosis, and the cellular redox balance. Our data indicate that the reduced proliferation of the cancer cells treated by GE is at least partly mediated by increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voin Petrovic
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Anala Nepal
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Camilla Olaisen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Siri Bachke
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Jonathan Hira
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Caroline K Søgaard
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Lisa M Røst
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Kristine Misund
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Trygve Andreassen
- MR core facility, Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Torun M Melø
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Zdenka Bartsova
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Per Bruheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Natural Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Marit Otterlei
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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44
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Chen C, Liu CH, Cai J, Zhang W, Qi WL, Wang Z, Liu ZB, Yang Y. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, chemical composition and mechanism of action of garlic (Allium sativum) extracts. Food Control 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Ciocci M, Iorio E, Carotenuto F, Khashoggi HA, Nanni F, Melino S. H2S-releasing nanoemulsions: a new formulation to inhibit tumor cells proliferation and improve tissue repair. Oncotarget 2018; 7:84338-84358. [PMID: 27741519 PMCID: PMC5356665 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The improvement of solubility and/or dissolution rate of poorly soluble natural compounds is an ideal strategy to make them optimal candidates as new potential drugs. Accordingly, the allyl sulfur compounds and omega-3 fatty acids are natural hydrophobic compounds that exhibit two important combined properties: cardiovascular protection and antitumor activity. Here, we have synthesized and characterized a novel formulation of diallyl disulfide (DADS) and α-linolenic acid (ALA) as protein-nanoemulsions (BAD-NEs), using ultrasounds. BAD-NEs are stable over time at room temperature and show antioxidant and radical scavenging property. These NEs are also optimal H2S slow-release donors and show a significant anti-proliferative effect on different human cancer cell lines: MCF-7 breast cancer and HuT 78 T-cell lymphoma cells. BAD-NEs are able to regulate the ERK1/2 pathway, inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. We have also investigated their effect on cell proliferation of human adult stem/progenitor cells. Interestingly, BAD-NEs are able to improve the Lin- Sca1+ human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPC) proliferation. This stem cell growth stimulation is combined with the expression and activation of proteins involved in tissue-repair, such as P-AKT, α-sma and connexin 43. Altogether, our results suggest that these antioxidant nanoemulsions might have potential application in selective cancer therapy and for promoting the muscle tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Ciocci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Egidio Iorio
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Felicia Carotenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Haneen A Khashoggi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Nanni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sonia Melino
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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46
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Li C, Jing H, Ma G, Liang P. Allicin induces apoptosis through activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways in glioma cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5976-5981. [PMID: 29436625 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Allicin is an extract purified from Allium sativum (garlic), and previous research has indicated that Allicin has an inhibitory effect on many kinds of tumor cells. The aim of the present study was to explore the anticancer activity of Allicin on human glioma cells and investigate the underlying mechanism. MTT and colony-formation assays were performed to detect glioma cell proliferation, and explore the effect of Allicin at various doses and time-points. The apoptosis of glioma cells was measured by fluorescence microscopy with Hoechst 33258 staining, and then flow cytometry was used to analyzed changes in glioma cell apoptosis. Reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis were used to detect the effect of Allicin on the expression levels of Fas/Fas ligand (FasL), caspase‑3, B‑cell lymphoma 2 and Bcl‑2‑associated X protein. Allicin suppressed the proliferation and colony formation ability of U251 cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner. A cytotoxic effect of Allicin was observed in glioma cells in a dose‑dependent manner. Changes in nuclear morphology were observed in U251 cells with Hoechst 33258 staining. The activity of caspases were significantly elevated and Fas/FasL expression levels were increased following treatment with Allicin, at both the mRNA and protein level. These results demonstrated that Allicin suppresses proliferation and induces glioma cell apoptosis in vitro. Both intrinsic mitochondrial and extrinsic Fas/FasL‑mediated pathways react in glioma cell after treating with Allicin, which then activate major apoptotic cascades. These results implicate Allicin as a novel antitumor agent in treating glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Hanguang Jing
- Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Preclinical Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Guangtao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daqing Oil Field General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163000, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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47
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Sarkhani E, Najafzadeh N, Tata N, Dastan M, Mazani M, Arzanlou M. Molecular mechanisms of methylsulfonylmethane and allicin in the inhibition of CD44 ± breast cancer cells growth. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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48
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Saeed A, Mehfooz H, Larik FA, Faisal M, Channar PA. Applications of Lawesson's reagent in the synthesis of naturally occurring steroids and terpenoids. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2017; 19:1114-1123. [PMID: 28357889 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2017.1295229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Steroids and terpenoids are among the most biologically significant classes of natural products possessing a variety of biological activities. The replacement of one or more oxygen atoms in a steroid or terpenoid molecule by a heteroatom affects the chemical properties of that particular steroid or terpenoid, and that replacement often results in alterations of its biological properties, which is sometimes valuable. One possible modification is the thionation that could have some influence on such activity. Among the various thionating reagents, Lawesson's reagent was found to be most suitable and showed versatile properties, including chemoselectivity and functional group tolerance. In this review, we present the role of Lawesson's reagent in the synthesis of thioanalogues of natural steroids and terpenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamer Saeed
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Haroon Mehfooz
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
| | - Pervaiz Ali Channar
- a Department of Chemistry , Quaid-I-Azam University , Islamabad 45320 , Pakistan
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Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of thiosulfinate derivatives for the treatment of human multidrug-resistant breast cancer. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2017; 38:1353-1368. [PMID: 28858299 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Organosulfur compounds derived from Allium vegetables have long been recognized for various therapeutic effects, including anticancer activity. Allicin, one of the main biologically active components of garlic, shows promise as an anticancer agent; however, instability makes it unsuitable for clinical application. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of stabilized allicin derivatives on human breast cancer cells in vitro. In this study, a total of 22 stabilized thiosulfinate derivatives were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against drug-sensitive (MCF-7) and multidrug-resistant (MCF-7/Dx) human adenocarcinoma breast cancer cells. Assays for cell death, apoptosis, cell cycle progression and mitochondrial bioenergetic function were performed. Seven compounds (4b, 7b, 8b, 13b, 14b, 15b and 18b) showed greater antiproliferative activity against MCF-7/Dx cells than allicin. These compounds were also selective towards multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells, a consequence attributed to collateral sensitivity. Among them, 13b exhibited the greatest anticancer activity in both MCF-7/Dx and MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 18.54±0.24 and 46.50±1.98 μmol/L, respectively. 13b altered cellular morphology and arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase. Additionally, 13b dose-dependently induced apoptosis, and inhibited cellular mitochondrial respiration in cells at rest and under stress. MDR presents a significant obstacle to the successful treatment of cancer clinically. These results demonstrate that thiosulfinate derivatives have potential as novel anticancer agents and may offer new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chemoresistant cancers.
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50
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Poojary MM, Putnik P, Bursać Kovačević D, Barba FJ, Lorenzo JM, Dias DA, Shpigelman A. Stability and extraction of bioactive sulfur compounds from Allium genus processed by traditional and innovative technologies. J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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