1
|
Kantasrila R, Pandith H, Balslev H, Wangpakapattanawong P, Panyadee P, Inta A. Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants used to treat musculoskeletal disorders among Skaw Karen, Thailand. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2024; 62:62-104. [PMID: 38131672 PMCID: PMC10763916 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2292261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Musculoskeletal system disorders (MSD) are prevalent around the world affecting the health of people, especially farmers who work hard in the field. Karen farmers use many medicinal plants to treat MSD. OBJECTIVE This study collects traditional plant-based remedies used by the Skaw Karen to treat MSD and evaluates their active phytochemical compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethnobotanical study was conducted in six Karen villages in Chiang Mai province using semi-structured interviews were of 120 informants. The data were analyzed using ethnobotanical indices including use values (UV), choice value (CV), and informant consensus factor (ICF). Consequently, the 20 most important species, according to the indices, were selected for phytochemical analysis using LC-MS/MS. RESULTS A total of 3731 use reports were obtained for 139 species used in MSD treatment. The most common ailments treated with those plants were muscular pain. A total of 172 high-potential active compounds for MSD treatment were identified. Most of them were flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The prevalent phytochemical compounds related to treat MSD were 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone, dihydrovaltrate, morroniside, isoacteoside, lithocholic acid, pomiferin, cucurbitacin E, leonuriside A, liriodendrin, and physalin E. Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex Blume (Adoxaceae), Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don (Betulaceae), Blumea balsamifera (L.) DC. (Asteraceae), Plantago major L. (Plantaginaceae) and Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. (Salicaceae) all had high ethnobotanical index values and many active compounds. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS This study provides valuable information, demonstrating low-cost medicine plants that are locally available. It is a choice of treatment for people living in remote areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rapeeporn Kantasrila
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
- The Botanical Garden Organization, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Henrik Balslev
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Prateep Panyadee
- The Botanical Garden Organization, Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Angkhana Inta
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Back S, Kim JM, Choi H, Lee JH, Han K, Hwang D, Kwon JK, Kang BC. Genetic characterization of a locus responsible for low pungency using EMS-induced mutants in Capsicum annuum L. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:101. [PMID: 38607449 PMCID: PMC11014816 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE The pepper mutants ('221-2-1a' and '1559-1-2h') with very low pungency were genetically characterized. The Pun4 locus, responsible for the reduced pungency of the mutant fruits, was localized to a 208 Mb region on chromosome 6. DEMF06G16460, encoding 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase, was proposed as a strong candidate gene based on the genetic analyses of bulked segregants, DEG, and expression analyses. Capsaicinoids are unique alkaloids present in pepper (Capsicum spp.), synthesized through the condensation of by-products from the phenylpropanoid and branched-chain fatty acid pathways, and accumulating in the placenta. In this study, we characterized two allelic ethyl methanesulfonate-induced mutant lines with extremely low pungency ('221-2-1a' and '1559-1-2h'). These mutants, derived from the pungent Korean landrace 'Yuwolcho,' exhibited lower capsaicinoid content than Yuwolcho but still contained a small amount of capsaicinoid with functional capsaicinoid biosynthetic genes. Genetic crosses between the mutants and Yuwolcho or pungent lines indicated that a single recessive mutation was responsible for the low-pungency phenotype of mutant 221-2-1a; we named the causal locus Pungency 4 (Pun4). To identify Pun4, we combined genome-wide polymorphism analysis and transcriptome analysis with bulked-segregant analysis. We narrowed down the location of Pun4 to a 208-Mb region on chromosome 6 containing five candidate genes, of which DEMF06G16460, encoding a 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase associated with branched-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, is the most likely candidate for Pun4. The expression of capsaicinoid biosynthetic genes in placental tissues in Yuwolcho and the mutant was consistent with the branched-chain fatty acid pathway playing a pivotal role in the lower pungency observed in the mutant. We also obtained a list of differentially expressed genes in placental tissues between the mutant and Yuwolcho, from which we selected candidate genes using gene co-expression analysis. In summary, we characterized the capsaicinoid biosynthesis-related locus Pun4 through integrated of genetic, genomic, and transcriptome analyses. These findings will contribute to our understanding of capsaicinoid biosynthesis in pepper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungki Back
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Choi
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joung-Ho Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Koeun Han
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Doyeon Hwang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyung Kwon
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Cheorl Kang
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Consoli V, Fallica AN, Sorrenti V, Pittalà V, Vanella L. Novel Insights on Ferroptosis Modulation as Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment: When Nature Kills. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:40-85. [PMID: 37132605 PMCID: PMC10824235 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The multifactorial nature of the mechanisms implicated in cancer development still represents a major issue for the success of established antitumor therapies. The discovery of ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis, along with the identification of the molecular pathways activated during its execution, has led to the uncovering of novel molecules characterized by ferroptosis-inducing properties. Recent advances: As of today, the ferroptosis-inducing properties of compounds derived from natural sources have been investigated and interesting findings have been reported both in vitro and in vivo. Critical Issues: Despite the efforts made so far, only a limited number of synthetic compounds have been identified as ferroptosis inducers, and their utilization is still limited to basic research. In this review, we analyzed the most important biochemical pathways involved in ferroptosis execution, with particular attention to the newest literature findings on canonical and non-canonical hallmarks, together with mechanisms of action of natural compounds identified as novel ferroptosis inducers. Compounds have been classified based on their chemical structure, and modulation of ferroptosis-related biochemical pathways has been reported. Future Directions: The outcomes herein collected represent a fascinating starting point from which to take hints for future drug discovery studies aimed at identifying ferroptosis-inducing natural compounds for anticancer therapies. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 40-85.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Consoli
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Sorrenti
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Pittalà
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Vanella
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, CERNUT—Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kanprakobkit W, Wichai U, Bunyapraphatsara N, Kielar F. Isolation of Fatty Acids from the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Capsaicinoids and Their Use in Enzymatic Acidolysis of Coconut Oil. J Oleo Sci 2023; 72:1097-1111. [PMID: 37989304 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess23112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we report the optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis of a mixture of capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin obtained from chili peppers, and the utilization of the isolated fatty acids for the modification of coconut oil using enzyme catalyzed acidolysis. This work was carried out as the fatty acids that can be isolated from capsaicinoid hydrolysis have been shown to possess interesting biological properties. These biological properties could be better exploited by incorporating the fatty acids into a suitable delivery vehicle. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the mixture of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin was carried out using Novozym® 435 in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at 50℃. The enzyme catalyst could be reused in multiple cycles of the hydrolysis reaction. The desired 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid were isolated from the hydrolysis reaction mixture using a simple extraction procedure with a 47.8% yield. This was carried out by first extracting the reaction mixture at pH 10 with ethyl acetate to remove any dissolved capsaicinoids and vanillyl amine side product. The fatty acids were isolated after adjustment of the pH of the reaction mixture to 5 and second extraction with ethyl acetate. The acidolysis of coconut oil with the obtained fatty acids was performed using Lipozyme® TL IM. The performance of the acidolysis reaction was evaluated using 1H-NMR spectroscopy and verified in selected cases using gas chromatography. The best performing conditions involved carrying out the acidolysis reaction at 60℃ with a 1.2 w/w ratio of the fatty acids to coconut oil and 10% enzyme loading for 72 h. This resulted in the incorporation of 26.61% and 9.86% of 8-methyl-6-trans-nonenoic acid and 8-methylnonanoic acid, respectively, into the modified coconut oil product. This product can act as a potential delivery vehicle for these interesting compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Winranath Kanprakobkit
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | - Uthai Wichai
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| | | | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang W, Zhang Q, Wang L, Zhou Q, Wang P, Qing Y, Sun C. The effects of capsaicin intake on weight loss among overweight and obese subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2023; 130:1645-1656. [PMID: 36938807 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523000697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Animal studies have shown that capsaicin plays a positive role in weight management. However, the results in human research are controversial. Therefore, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of capsaicin on weight loss in adults. We searched PubMed, Embase, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), Cochrane library and clinical registration centre, identifying all randomised controlled trials (RCT) published in English and Chinese to 3 May 2022. A random-effect model was used to calculate the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95 % CI. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed by the Cochran Q statistic and I-squared tests (I 2 ). Statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 15.1. P-values < 0·05 were considered as statistically significant. From 2377 retrieved studies, fifteen studies were finally included in the meta-analyses. Fifteen RCT with 762 individuals were included in our meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, the supplementation of capsaicin resulted in significant reduction on BMI (WMD: -0·25 kg/m2, 95 % CI = -0·35, -0·15 kg/m2, P < 0·05), body weight (BW) (WMD: -0·51 kg, 95 % CI = -0·86, -0·15 kg, P < 0·05) and waist circumference (WC) (WMD: -1·12 cm, 95 % CI = -2·00, -0·24 cm, P < 0·05). We found no detrimental effect of capsaicin on waist-to-hip ratio (WMD: -0·05, 95 % CI = -0·17, 0·06, P > 0·05). The current meta-analysis suggests that capsaicin supplementation may have rather modest effects in reducing BMI, BW and WC for overweight or obese individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wensen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 101 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianke Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyu Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Wang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 101 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Qing
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 101 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Changqing Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, 101 Kexue Road, High-Tech Development Zone of States, Zhengzhou450001, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Xie M, Wu H, Bian J, Huang S, Xia Y, Qin Y, Yan Z. Synthesis and biological evaluation of capsaicin analogues as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32150-32159. [PMID: 37920757 PMCID: PMC10619477 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05107b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin and its analogues 3a-3q were designed and synthesized as potential new antioxidant and neuroprotective agents. Many analogues exhibited good antioxidant effects, and some showed more potent free radical scavenging activities than the positive drug quercetin (IC50 = 8.70 ± 1.75 μM for DPPH assay and 13.85 ± 2.87 μM for ABTS assay, respectively). The phenolic hydroxyl of capsaicin analogues was critical in determining antioxidant activity. Among these compounds, 3k displayed the most potent antioxidant activity. Cell vitality tests revealed that the representative compound 3k was good at protecting cells from H2O2-induced oxidative damage at low concentrations (cell viability increased to 90.0 ± 5.5% at 10 μM). In addition, the study demonstrated that 3k could reduce intracellular ROS accumulation and increase GSH levels to prevent H2O2-induced oxidative stress in SY5Y cells. In the mitochondrial membrane potential assay, 3k significantly increased the MMP level of SY5Y cells treated with H2O2 and played an anti-neuronal cell death role. These results provide a promising strategy to develop novel capsaicin analogues as potential antioxidant and neuroprotective agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Huixian Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Jing Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Shutong Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| | - Yuanzheng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Yujun Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu China
| | - Zhiming Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University Nanning Guangxi China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Aguiar AC, Pereira GA, Ribeiro CSDC, Eberlin MN, Soares LP, Ruiz ALTG, Pastore GM, Martínez J. Capsicum chinense var. BRS Moema: chemical characterization by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and antiproliferative screening. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37401347 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01698f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
Capsiate and phenolics present in the free, esterified, glycosylated, and insoluble-bound forms of BRS Moema peppers were characterized and quantified using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Additionally, the in vitro antiproliferative activity of BRS Moema extract was evaluated. The peppers showed considerable quantities of capsiate and phenolic compounds. Esterified phenolics were the main fraction, followed by the insoluble-bound fraction, indicating that relying solely on the extraction of soluble phenolics may underestimate the total phenolic content. Among the fourteen phenolics identified in extract fractions, gallic acid was the major constituent. Phenolic fractions displayed high antioxidant capacity by TEAC and ORAC assays. Nevertheless, the correlation between phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity suggested that other bioactive or phenolic compounds may contribute to the overall phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of the obtained fractions. Concerning the antiproliferative activity, the extract did not exhibit any effect on cell proliferation within the evaluated concentration range. These findings indicated that BRS Moema peppers can serve as a rich source of phenolic compounds. Therefore, fully utilizing them could bring advantages to the food and pharmaceutical industries, as well as to consumers and producers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina de Aguiar
- Centro de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Lauri Simões de Barros, km 12 - SP 189, 18290-000, Buri, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Araujo Pereira
- Federal University of Pará (UFPA), R. Augusto Corrêa, 001, Guamá, 66075110, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Nogueira Eberlin
- MackMass Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, School of Engineering- PPGEMN, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, SP 01302-907, Brazil
| | - Lana Pereira Soares
- LAFTEX, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, 200 Candido Portinari Street, 13083-871, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Tasca Gois Ruiz
- LAFTEX, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas, 200 Candido Portinari Street, 13083-871, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Glaucia Maria Pastore
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, R. Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, R. Monteiro Lobato 80, 13083-862, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Silva AM, Zaniboni JF, Alencar CDM, de Campos EA, Dantas AAR, Kuga MC. Fracture resistance and bonding performance after antioxidants pre-treatment in non-vital and bleached teeth. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:62-71. [PMID: 37909643 PMCID: PMC10642277 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202305553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of antioxidant solutions on fracture strength and bonding performance in non-vital and bleached (38% hydrogen peroxide) teeth. One hundred and eighty dentin specimens were obtained, 60 for each test: fracture strength, hybrid layer thickness, and bond strength. The groups (n=10) were randomly composed according to post-bleaching protocol: REST - restoration, without bleaching; BL - bleaching + restoration; SA - bleaching, 10% sodium ascorbate solution, and restoration; AT - bleaching, 10% α-tocopherol solution, and restoration; CRAN - bleaching, 5% cranberry solution, and restoration; CAP - bleaching, 0.0025% capsaicin solution, and restoration. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, and Qui-Square tests (α=0.05). The highest fracture strength values were observed in REST (1508.96 ±148.15 N), without significant difference for the bleached groups (p>0.05), regardless of the antioxidant use. The hybrid layer thickness in the group that was not subjected to bleaching (REST) was significantly higher than in any other group. The bond strength in the bleached and antioxidants-treated groups (SA, AT, CRAN, CAP) has no differences with the bleached group without antioxidants (BL). Adhesive failures were predominant in the groups that did not receive the antioxidant application. In conclusion, the evaluated antioxidants did not show an effect on the fracture strength, hybrid layer thickness, or bond strength of dentin bleached after endodontic treatment. The application of 10% sodium ascorbate, 10% alpha-tocopherol, 5% cranberry, or 0.0025% capsaicin solutions is not an effective step and should not be considered for the restorative protocols after non-vital bleaching.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aryvelto Miranda Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Campus GV (UFJF-GV), Governador Valadares, MG, Brazil
| | - Joissi Ferrari Zaniboni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edson Alves de Campos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea Abi Rached Dantas
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Vrânceanu M, Hegheş SC, Cozma-Petruţ A, Banc R, Stroia CM, Raischi V, Miere D, Popa DS, Filip L. Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals Involved in Body Weight Control by Modulating Gene Expression. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2273. [PMID: 37375898 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is the most prevalent health problem in the Western world, with pathological body weight gain associated with numerous co-morbidities that can be the main cause of death. There are several factors that can contribute to the development of obesity, such as diet, sedentary lifestyle, and genetic make-up. Genetic predispositions play an important role in obesity, but genetic variations alone cannot fully explain the explosion of obesity, which is why studies have turned to epigenetics. The latest scientific evidence suggests that both genetics and environmental factors contribute to the rise in obesity. Certain variables, such as diet and exercise, have the ability to alter gene expression without affecting the DNA sequence, a phenomenon known as epigenetics. Epigenetic changes are reversible, and reversibility makes these changes attractive targets for therapeutic interventions. While anti-obesity drugs have been proposed to this end in recent decades, their numerous side effects make them not very attractive. On the other hand, the use of nutraceuticals for weight loss is increasing, and studies have shown that some of these products, such as resveratrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginger, capsaicin, and caffeine, can alter gene expression, restoring the normal epigenetic profile and aiding weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vrânceanu
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona-Codruţa Hegheş
- Department of Drug Analysis, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anamaria Cozma-Petruţ
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Roxana Banc
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmina Mariana Stroia
- Department of Pharmacy, Oradea University, 1 Universităţii Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Viorica Raischi
- Laboratory of Physiology of Stress, Adaptation and General Sanocreatology, Institute of Physiology and Sanocreatology, 1 Academiei Street, 2028 Chișinău, Moldova
| | - Doina Miere
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela-Saveta Popa
- Department of Toxicology, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lorena Filip
- Department of Bromatology, Hygiene, Nutrition, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Furukawa M, Tada H, Raju R, Wang J, Yokoi H, Ikuyo Y, Yamada M, Shikama Y, Matsushita K. Long-Term Capsaicin Administration Ameliorates the Dysfunction and Astrogliosis of the Brain in Aged Mice with Missing Maxillary Molars. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112471. [PMID: 37299434 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth loss and decreased masticatory function reportedly affect cognitive function; tooth loss allegedly induces astrogliosis and aging of astrocytes in the hippocampus and hypothalamus, which is a response specific to the central nervous system owing to homeostasis in different brain regions. Capsaicin, a component of red peppers, has positive effects on brain disorders in mice. Decreased expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1, a receptor of capsaicin, is associated with the development of dementia. In this study, we investigated the effect of capsaicin administration in aged mice (C57BL/6N mice) with reduced masticatory function owing to the extraction of maxillary molars to investigate preventive/therapeutic methods for cognitive decline attributed to age-related masticatory function loss. The results demonstrated that mice with impaired masticatory function showed decreased motor and cognitive function at the behavioral level. At the genetic level, neuroinflammation, microglial activity, and astrogliosis, such as increased glial fibrillary acidic protein levels, were observed in the mouse brain. The mice with extracted molars fed on a diet containing capsaicin for 3 months demonstrated improved behavioral levels and astrogliosis, which suggest that capsaicin is useful in maintaining brain function in cases of poor oral function and prosthetic difficulties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masae Furukawa
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hirobumi Tada
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Wellness, Shigakkan University, Obu 474-8651, Japan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Resmi Raju
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Jingshu Wang
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Haruna Yokoi
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ikuyo
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yamada
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8651, Japan
| | - Yosuke Shikama
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenji Matsushita
- Department of Oral Disease Research, Geroscience Research Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alonso-Villegas R, González-Amaro RM, Figueroa-Hernández CY, Rodríguez-Buenfil IM. The Genus Capsicum: A Review of Bioactive Properties of Its Polyphenolic and Capsaicinoid Composition. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104239. [PMID: 37241977 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chili is one of the world's most widely used horticultural products. Many dishes around the world are prepared using this fruit. The chili belongs to the genus Capsicum and is part of the Solanaceae family. This fruit has essential biomolecules such as carbohydrates, dietary fiber, proteins, and lipids. In addition, chili has other compounds that may exert some biological activity (bioactivities). Recently, many studies have demonstrated the biological activity of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and capsaicinoids in different varieties of chili. Among all these bioactive compounds, polyphenols are one of the most studied. The main bioactivities attributed to polyphenols are antioxidant, antimicrobial, antihyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive. This review describes the data from in vivo and in vitro bioactivities attributed to polyphenols and capsaicinoids of the different chili products. Such data help formulate functional foods or food ingredients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Alonso-Villegas
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrotecnológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Av. Pascual Orozco s/n, Campus 1, Santo Niño, Chihuahua 31350, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Rosa María González-Amaro
- CONACYT-Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Col. El Haya, Xalapa 91073, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Claudia Yuritzi Figueroa-Hernández
- CONACYT-Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Alimentos, M. A. de Quevedo 2779, Veracruz 91897, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Mayanin Rodríguez-Buenfil
- Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C. Subsede Sureste, Tablaje Catastral, 31264, Carretera Sierra Papacal-Chuburna Puerto km 5.5, Parque Científico Tecnológico de Yucatán, Mérida 97302, Yucatán, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiménez-Martínez P, Alix-Fages C, Janicijevic D, Miras-Moreno S, Chacón-Ventura S, Martín-Olmedo JJ, De La Cruz-Márquez JC, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Amaro-Gahete FJ, García-Ramos A, Colado JC. Effects of phenylcapsaicin on aerobic capacity and physiological parameters in active young males: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1190345. [PMID: 37228817 PMCID: PMC10203624 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Phenylcapsaicin (PC) is a new capsaicin analog which has exhibited a higher bioavailability. This sudy assessed the effects of a low dose (LD) of 0.625 mg and a high dose (HD) of 2.5 mg of PC on aerobic capacity, substrate oxidation, energy metabolism and exercise physiological variables in young males. Materials and methods: Seventeen active males (age = 24.7 ± 6.0 years) enrolled to this randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Participants attended the laboratory on 4 sessions separated by 72-96 h. A submaximal exercise test [to determine maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity at MFO (FATmax)] followed by a maximal incremental test (to determine VO2max) were performed in a preliminary session. The subsequent sessions only differed in the supplement ingested [LD, HD or placebo (PLA)] and consisted of a steady-state test (60 min at FATmax) followed by a maximal incremental test. Energy metabolism, substrate oxidation, heart rate, general (gRPE) and quadriceps (RPEquad) rate of perceived exertion, skin temperature and thermal perception were tested. Results: Clavicle thermal perception was lower in HD compared to PLA and LD (p = 0.04) across time. HD reduced maximum heart rate in comparison to PLA and LD (p = 0.03). LD reported higher general RPE (RPEg) values during the steady-state test compared to PLA and HD across time (p = 0.02). HD and LD elicited higher peak of fat oxidation during the steady-state test compared with PLA (p = 0.05). Intra-test analyses revealed significant differences for fat oxidation (FATox) in favor of HD and LD compared to PLA (p = 0.002 and 0.002, respectively), and for carbohydrate oxidation (CHOox) (p = 0.05) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (p = 0.03) for PLA. In the incremental test, only general RPE at 60% of the maximal intensity (W) differed favoring HD (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, PC may contribute to increase aerobic capacity through the improvement of fat oxidation, maximum heart rate and perceptual responses during exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alix-Fages
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danica Janicijevic
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sergio Miras-Moreno
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Chacón-Ventura
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan J. Martín-Olmedo
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Institute in Health Pere Virgili, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan C. Colado
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Thornton T, Mills D, Bliss E. Capsaicin: A Potential Treatment to Improve Cerebrovascular Function and Cognition in Obesity and Ageing. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061537. [PMID: 36986266 PMCID: PMC10057869 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired cognition is the primary symptom of dementia, which can lead to functional disability and reduced quality of life among an increasingly ageing population. Ageing is associated with increased oxidative stress, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction, which reduces cerebrovascular function leading to cognitive decline. Chronic low-grade systemic inflammatory conditions, such as obesity, exacerbate this decline beyond normal ageing and predispose individuals to neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia. Capsaicin, the major pungent molecule of chilli, has recently demonstrated improvements in cognition in animal models via activation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid channel 1 (TRPV1). Capsaicin-induced TRPV1 activation reduces adiposity, chronic low-grade systemic inflammation, and oxidative stress, as well as improves endothelial function, all of which are associated with cerebrovascular function and cognition. This review examines the current literature on capsaicin and Capsimax, a capsaicin supplement associated with reduced gastrointestinal irritation compared to capsaicin. Acute and chronic capsaicin treatment can improve cognition in animals. However, studies adequately assessing the effects of capsaicin on cerebrovascular function, and cognition in humans do not exist. Capsimax may be a potentially safe therapeutic intervention for future clinical trials testing the effects of capsaicin on cerebrovascular function and cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Thornton
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
| | - Dean Mills
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Edward Bliss
- School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Respiratory and Exercise Physiology Research Group, School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
- Molecular Biomarkers Research Group, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Vahedi MM, Shahini A, Mottahedi M, Garousi S, Shariat Razavi SA, Pouyamanesh G, Afshari AR, Ferns GA, Bahrami A. Harmaline exerts potentially anti-cancer effects on U-87 human malignant glioblastoma cells in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4357-4366. [PMID: 36943605 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Harmaline is a β-carboline alkaloid that can be extracted from the seeds of Peganum harmala. Harmaline has been shown to exhibit a potent cytotoxic effect against tumor cells. In this study, the anti-glioblastoma activity of harmaline was investigated in vitro. METHODS AND RESULTS Cell viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest were assessed in U-87 cells treated with harmaline at different doses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the mRNA expression of apoptosis-associated genes were assessed. The anti-metastatic effect of harmaline on U-87 cells was evaluated by gelatin zymography assay where matrix metalloproteinase [MMP]-2/-9 enzymatic activity was measured, and the scratch assay was used to assess migratory responses. Flow cytometry demonstrated that harmaline could suppress the proliferation and induce sub-G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cells. Harmaline treatment was also associated with an upregulation of the cell cycle-related genes, p21 and p53, and pro-apoptotic Bax, as well as the induction of ROS. The zymography assay indicated that the essential steps of metastasis were potently suppressed by harmaline through inhibiting the expression of MMP-2 and - 9. In addition, the migration of U-87 cells was significantly reduced after harmaline treatment. CONCLUSION Our data suggest a basis for further research of harmaline which has potential cytotoxic activities in glioblastoma cells; inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, repression of migration, possibly invasion, and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mahdi Vahedi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ali Shahini
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehran Mottahedi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Setareh Garousi
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Ghazaleh Pouyamanesh
- Department of medical laboratory science, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir R Afshari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Afsane Bahrami
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Akbar Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Xue S, Lee D, Berry DC. Thermogenic adipose tissue in energy regulation and metabolic health. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1150059. [PMID: 37020585 PMCID: PMC10067564 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1150059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to generate thermogenic fat could be a targeted therapy to thwart obesity and improve metabolic health. Brown and beige adipocytes are two types of thermogenic fat cells that regulate energy balance. Both adipocytes share common morphological, biochemical, and thermogenic properties. Yet, recent evidence suggests unique features exist between brown and beige adipocytes, such as their cellular origin and thermogenic regulatory processes. Beige adipocytes also appear highly plastic, responding to environmental stimuli and interconverting between beige and white adipocyte states. Additionally, beige adipocytes appear to be metabolically heterogenic and have substrate specificity. Nevertheless, obese and aged individuals cannot develop beige adipocytes in response to thermogenic fat-inducers, creating a key clinical hurdle to their therapeutic promise. Thus, elucidating the underlying developmental, molecular, and functional mechanisms that govern thermogenic fat cells will improve our understanding of systemic energy regulation and strive for new targeted therapies to generate thermogenic fat. This review will examine the recent advances in thermogenic fat biogenesis, molecular regulation, and the potential mechanisms for their failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel C. Berry
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Oz M, Lorke DE, Howarth FC. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1)-independent actions of capsaicin on cellular excitability and ion transport. Med Res Rev 2023. [PMID: 36916676 DOI: 10.1002/med.21945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Capsaicin is a naturally occurring alkaloid derived from chili pepper that is responsible for its hot pungent taste. Capsaicin is known to exert multiple pharmacological actions, including analgesia, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiobesity, and antioxidant effects. The transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) is the main receptor mediating the majority of the capsaicin effects. However, numerous studies suggest that the TRPV1 receptor is not the only target for capsaicin. An increasing number of studies indicates that capsaicin, at low to mid µM ranges, not only indirectly through TRPV1-mediated Ca2+ increases, but also directly modulates the functions of voltage-gated Na+ , K+ , and Ca2+ channels, as well as ligand-gated ion channels and other ion transporters and enzymes involved in cellular excitability. These TRPV1-independent effects are mediated by alterations of the biophysical properties of the lipid membrane and subsequent modulation of the functional properties of ion channels and by direct binding of capsaicin to the channels. The present study, for the first time, systematically categorizes this diverse range of non-TRPV1 targets and discusses cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating TRPV1-independent effects of capsaicin in excitable, as well as nonexcitable cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Oz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Dietrich E Lorke
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Center for Biotechnology, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Frank C Howarth
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mandal SK, Rath SK, Logesh R, Mishra SK, Devkota HP, Das N. Capsicum annuum L. and its bioactive constituents: A critical review of a traditional culinary spice in terms of its modern pharmacological potentials with toxicological issues. Phytother Res 2023; 37:965-1002. [PMID: 36255140 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Capsicum annuum L., commonly known as chili pepper, is used as an important spice globally and as a crude drug in many traditional medicine systems. The fruits of C. annuum have been used as a tonic, antiseptic, and stimulating agent, to treat dyspepsia, appetites, and flatulence, and to improve digestion and circulation. The article aims to critically review the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of C. annuum and its major compounds. Capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, and some carotenoids are reported as the major active compounds with several pharmacological potentials especially as anticancer and cardioprotectant. The anticancer effect of capsaicinoids is mainly mediated through mechanisms involving the interaction of Ca2+ -dependent activation of the MAPK pathway, suppression of NOX-dependent reactive oxygen species generation, and p53-mediated activation of mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer cells. Similarly, the cardioprotective effects of capsaicinoids are mediated through their interaction with cellular transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 channel, and restoration of calcitonin gene-related peptide via Ca2+ -dependent release of neuropeptides and suppression of bradykinin. In conclusion, this comprehensive review presents detailed information about the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of major bioactive principles of C. annuum with special emphasis on anticancer, cardioprotective effects, and plausible toxic adversities along with food safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and AHS, Durgapur, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Rath
- School of Pharmaceuticals and Population Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, India
| | - Rajan Logesh
- TIFAC CORE in Herbal Drugs, Department of Pharmacognosy, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Rockland's, Ooty, India
| | | | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Niranjan Das
- Department of Chemistry, Ramthakur College, Agartala, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rotchell JM, Jenner LC, Chapman E, Bennett RT, Bolanle IO, Loubani M, Sadofsky L, Palmer TM. Detection of microplastics in human saphenous vein tissue using μFTIR: A pilot study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280594. [PMID: 36724150 PMCID: PMC9891496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment, in the human food chain, and have been recently detected in blood and lung tissues. To undertake a pilot analysis of MP contamination in human vein tissue samples with respect to their presence (if any), levels, and characteristics of any particles identified. This study analysed digested human saphenous vein tissue samples (n = 5) using μFTIR spectroscopy (size limitation of 5 μm) to detect and characterise any MPs present. In total, 20 MP particles consisting of five MP polymer types were identified within 4 of the 5 vein tissue samples with an unadjusted average of 29.28 ± 34.88 MP/g of tissue (expressed as 14.99 ± 17.18 MP/g after background subtraction adjustments). Of the MPs detected in vein samples, five polymer types were identified, of irregular shape (90%), with alkyd resin (45%), poly (vinyl propionate/acetate, PVAc (20%) and nylon-ethylene-vinyl acetate, nylon-EVA, tie layer (20%) the most abundant. While the MP levels within tissue samples were not significantly different than those identified within procedural blanks (which represent airborne contamination at time of sampling), they were comprised of different plastic polymer types. The blanks comprised n = 13 MP particles of four MP polymer types with the most abundant being polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), then polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyfumaronitrile:styrene (FNS), with a mean ± SD of 10.4 ± 9.21, p = 0.293. This study reports the highest level of contamination control and reports unadjusted values alongside different contamination adjustment techniques. This is the first evidence of MP contamination of human vascular tissues. These results support the phenomenon of transport of MPs within human tissues, specifically blood vessels, and this characterisation of types and levels can now inform realistic conditions for laboratory exposure experiments, with the aim of determining vascular health impacts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette M. Rotchell
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Lauren C. Jenner
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Chapman
- Department of Biological and Marine Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Robert T. Bennett
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Israel Olapeju Bolanle
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Mahmoud Loubani
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Sadofsky
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M. Palmer
- Centre for Biomedicine, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction for capsaicinoid compounds in human serum using LC-HRMS: targeted and non-targeted approaches. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2133-2145. [PMID: 36695870 PMCID: PMC10079705 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A new analytical method based on the use of dispersive magnetic solid-phase extraction (DMSPE) is described for the preconcentration of capsaicin (CAP), dihydrocapsaicin (DCAP), and N-vanillylnonanamide (PCAP) from human serum samples. The influence of several experimental factors affecting the adsorption (nature and amount of magnetic material, adsorption time, and pH) and desorption (nature of solvent, its volume and desorption time) steps was studied. Among seven different nanomaterials studied, the best results were obtained using magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes, which were characterized by means of spectrometry- and microscopy-based techniques. Analyses were performed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry using electrospray ionization in positive mode (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS). The developed method was validated by obtaining several parameters, including linearity (0.3-300 μg L-1 range), and limits of detection which were 0.1, 0.15, and 0.17 μg L-1 for CAP, DCAP, and PCAP, respectively. The repeatability of the method, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD, n = 7), varied from 3.4 to 11%. The serum samples were also studied through a non-targeted approach in a search for capsaicinoid metabolites and related compounds. With this objective, the fragmentation pathway of this family of compounds was initially studied and a strategy was established for the identification of novel or less studied capsaicinoid-derived compounds.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang L, Xu Y, Ma Y, Xie T, Liu C, Liu Q. Research trends in transient receptor potential vanilloid in cardiovascular disease: Bibliometric analysis and visualization. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1071198. [PMID: 36910533 PMCID: PMC9992894 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1071198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) is one of the transient receptor potential protein groups; cardiovascular system disease is a crucial cause of mortality among people globally. Objective This article is intended to accomplish a bibliometric analysis of the trends and public interest since TRPV was reported for the first time. Methods The article summarized the Web of Science (WOS) Core Collection on the relationship between TRPV and cardiovascular system disease each year from 2000 to 2021. Data extraction and visualization were completed by R package bibliometrix. Keyword citation burst and co-citation networks were generated and produced by CiteSpace. The map evaluating the distribution of country and region was painted in GunnMap 2 (lert.co.nz). The ranking was performed using the Standard Competition Ranking method. Co-authorship and co-occurrence were analyzed with VOSviewer. Results After removing duplicated data, books, conference proceedings, and articles of uncertain age, 493 were included, and 17 were excluded. The pattern of publication years showed that the number of publications increased rapidly from 2008 to 2021 with no peak in the number of publications until 2021. The geographical distribution pattern revealed a considerable gap in the number of publications between the United States, China, and other countries, with East Asian institutions leading the world in this area. The pattern of co-authorship showed that 77 institutions were divided into 19 clusters, each covering one country or region.These results suggest that intercontinental cooperation among institutions should be strengthened. The core authors section displayed the change in the most published authors. Keyword analysis listed six burst keywords. Co-citation analysis of references from 2011 to 2021 showed the number and centrality of citations to leading articles. Conclusion Our findings reveal trends and public interest in transient receptor potential vanilloid for cardiovascular disease. These findings suggest that the field has experienced significant growth since 2008, with the United States and China in dominant positions. Our findings also suggest that intercontinental cooperation should be strengthened, and that future research hotspots may focus on pharmacological mechanisms and in-depth exploration of drug clinical trials and new clinical disease application areas such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiac arrhythmias, which could serve as a foundation for further research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yantao Xu
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingxu Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianjian Xie
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chan Liu
- International Medical Department, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiming Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang D, Liu J, Ruan J, Jiang Z, Gong F, Lei W, Wang X, Zhao J, Meng Q, Xu M, Tang J, Li H. Combination of millet pepper and garlic water extracts improves the antioxidant capability of myofibrillar protein under malondialdehyde-induced oxidative modification. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
22
|
Vázquez-Espinosa M, González-de-Peredo AV, Espada-Bellido E, Ferreiro-González M, Barbero GF, Palma M. The effect of ripening on the capsaicinoids composition of Jeromin pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at two different stages of plant maturity. Food Chem 2023; 399:133979. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
23
|
Integrated Processes Turning Pepper Sauce Waste into Valuable By-Products. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010067. [PMID: 36613283 PMCID: PMC9818866 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safe and efficient disposal of millions of tons of pepper sauce waste (PSW) can be a challenge to pepper sauce manufacturers that are concerned about creating environmental hazards from the processing (e.g., preservative salt and vinegar) and intrinsic (e.g., the pungent capsaicins) ingredients. It will be immensely beneficial to process these waste materials before they go to disposal. This work presents integrated approaches for a complete utilization of waste materials by removing and recovering valuable by-products and/or ingredients while succeeding to minimal to zero hazards. METHODS Laboratory- and pilot-scale extraction processes were used to demonstrate the recovery of intrinsic compounds from PSW to pungent pepper oil. Flash chromatography was then applied to isolate the pungent capsaicins out of the pepper oil, thus generating a no-heat pepper oil. RESULTS By processing the waste materials, a number of valuable by-products with various yield percentages were produced. They included (1) hot red pepper oil (RPO, 8.0% v/w), (2) no-heat pepper residue (NHPR, 25.3% w/w), (3) no-heat red pepper oil (NHRPO, 4.0% v/w), (4) capsaicinoids (0.8% w/w), and (5) capsaicin (0.4% w/w). The optimum processing conditions for products 1, 2, and 3 include extracting the waste materials with 95% ethanol twice, each lasting three hours. The optimal isolation conditions of flash column chromatography to obtain products 4 and 5 include the use of the pre-packed chromatography column 130 g Redisep C18, preparing the sample concentration to 100 mg/mL, eluting with aqueous ethanol, and detecting capsaicins at a wavelength of 228 nm. CONCLUSIONS An integrated approach is offered for the complete utilization of PSW. It not only turns organic food waste into numerous new commodities but also significantly reduces the volume and degree of potential environmental hazard to the disposal sites.
Collapse
|
24
|
Miyata S. Glial functions in the blood-brain communication at the circumventricular organs. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:991779. [PMID: 36278020 PMCID: PMC9583022 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.991779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The circumventricular organs (CVOs) are located around the brain ventricles, lack a blood-brain barrier (BBB) and sense blood-derived molecules. This review discusses recent advances in the importance of CVO functions, especially glial cells transferring periphery inflammation signals to the brain. The CVOs show size-limited vascular permeability, allowing the passage of molecules with molecular weight <10,000. This indicates that the lack of an endothelial cell barrier does not mean the free movement of blood-derived molecules into the CVO parenchyma. Astrocytes and tanycytes constitute a dense barrier at the distal CVO subdivision, preventing the free diffusion of blood-derived molecules into neighboring brain regions. Tanycytes in the CVOs mediate communication between cerebrospinal fluid and brain parenchyma via transcytosis. Microglia and macrophages of the CVOs are essential for transmitting peripheral information to other brain regions via toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). Inhibition of TLR2 signaling or depletion of microglia and macrophages in the brain eliminates TLR2-dependent inflammatory responses. In contrast to TLR2, astrocytes and tanycytes in the CVOs of the brain are crucial for initiating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses via TLR4. Depletion of microglia and macrophages augments LPS-induced fever and chronic sickness responses. Microglia and macrophages in the CVOs are continuously activated, even under normal physiological conditions, as they exhibit activated morphology and express the M1/M2 marker proteins. Moreover, the microglial proliferation occurs in various regions, such as the hypothalamus, medulla oblongata, and telencephalon, with a marked increase in the CVOs, due to low-dose LPS administration, and after high-dose LPS administration, proliferation is seen in most brain regions, except for the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. A transient increase in the microglial population is beneficial during LPS-induced inflammation for attenuating sickness response. Transient receptor potential receptor vanilloid 1 expressed in astrocytes and tanycytes of the CVOs is responsible for thermoregulation upon exposure to a warm environment less than 37°C. Alternatively, Nax expressed in astrocytes and tanycytes of the CVOs is crucial for maintaining body fluid homeostasis. Thus, recent findings indicate that glial cells in the brain CVOs are essential for initiating neuroinflammatory responses and maintaining body fluid and thermal homeostasis.
Collapse
|
25
|
Bal S, Sharangi AB, Upadhyay TK, Khan F, Pandey P, Siddiqui S, Saeed M, Lee HJ, Yadav DK. Biomedical and Antioxidant Potentialities in Chilli: Perspectives and Way Forward. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196380. [PMID: 36234927 PMCID: PMC9570844 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, since ages and nowadays, traditional medicine is well known, owing to its biodiversity, which immensely contributed to the advancement and development of complementary and alternative medicines. There is a wide range of spices, herbs, and trees known for their medicinal uses. Chilli peppers, a vegetable cum spice crop, are bestowed with natural bioactive compounds, flavonoids, capsaicinoids, phytochemicals, phytonutrients, and pharmacologically active compounds with potential health benefits. Such compounds manifest their functionality over solo-treatment by operating in synergy and consortium. Co-action of these compounds and nutrients make them potentially effective against coagulation, obesity, diabetes, inflammation, dreadful diseases, such as cancer, and microbial diseases, alongside having good anti-oxidants with scavenging ability to free radicals and oxygen. In recent times, capsaicinoids especially capsaicin can ameliorate important viral diseases, such as SARS-CoV-2. In addition, capsaicin provides an ability to chilli peppers to ramify as topical agents in pain-relief and also benefitting man as a potential effective anesthetic agent. Such phytochemicals involved not only make them useful and a much economical substitute to wonder/artificial drugs but can be exploited as obscene drugs for the production of novel stuffs. The responsibility of the TRPV1 receptor in association with capsaicin in mitigating chronic diseases has also been justified in this study. Nonetheless, medicinal studies pertaining to consumption of chilli peppers are limited and demand confirmation of the findings from animal studies. In this artifact, an effort has been made to address in an accessible format the nutritional and biomedical perspectives of chilli pepper, which could precisely upgrade and enrich our pharmaceutical industries towards human well-being.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Solanki Bal
- Department of Vegetable Science, BCKV-Agricultural University, Mohanpur 741252, India
| | - Amit Baran Sharangi
- Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal & Aromatic Crops, BCKV-Agricultural University, Mohanpur 741252, India
| | - Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida 201306, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Samra Siddiqui
- Department Health Services Management, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail P.O. Box 2240, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hae-Jeung Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, College of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Seongnam-si 13120, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.L.); (D.K.Y.)
| | - Dharmendra K. Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Hambakmoeiro 191, Gachon University, Incheon 21924, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.-J.L.); (D.K.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Andersson KE, Behr-Roussel D, Denys P, Giuliano F. Acute Intravesical Capsaicin for the Study of TRPV1 in the Lower Urinary Tract: Clinical Relevance and Potential for Innovation. MEDICAL SCIENCES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:medsci10030050. [PMID: 36135835 PMCID: PMC9504433 DOI: 10.3390/medsci10030050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Capsaicin acts on sensory nerves via vanilloid receptors. TRPV1 has been extensively studied with respect to functional lower urinary tract (LUT) conditions in rodents and humans. We aimed to (1) provide background information on capsaicin and TRPV1 and its mechanisms of action and basis for clinical use, (2) review the use of acute intravesical capsaicin instillation (AICI) in rodents to mimic various LUT disorders in which capsaicin sensitive C-fibers are involved and (3) discuss future innovative treatments. A comprehensive search of the major literature databases until June 2022 was conducted. Both capsaicin-sensitive and resistant unmyelinated bladder afferent C-fibers are involved in non-neurogenic overactive bladder/detrusor overactivity (OAB/DO). AICI is a suitable model to study afferent hyperactivity mimicking human OAB. Capsaicin-sensitive C-fibers are also involved in neurogenic DO (NDO) and potential targets for NDO treatment. AICI has been successfully tested for NDO treatment in humans. Capsaicin-sensitive bladder afferents are targets for NDO treatment. TRPV1-immunoreactive nerve fibers are involved in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS). The AICI experimental model appears relevant for the preclinical study of treatments targeting bladder afferents for refractory IC/BPS. The activity of capsaicin-sensitive bladder afferents is increased in experimental bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). The AICI model may also be relevant for bladder disorders resulting from C-fiber hyperexcitabilities related to BOO. In conclusion, there is a rationale for the selective blockade of TRPV1 channels for various bladder disorders. The AICI model is clinically relevant for the investigation of pathophysiological conditions in which bladder C-fiber afferents are overexcited and for assessing innovative treatments for bladder disorders based on their pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Erik Andersson
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Lund University, 22242 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Pierre Denys
- Neuro-Uro-Andrology R.Poincare Academic Hospital, AP-HP, 104 bvd R. Poincare, 92380 Garches, France
- Faculty of Medicine, U1179 Inserm/Versailles Saint Quentin University, Paris Saclay, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Francois Giuliano
- Faculty of Medicine, U1179 Inserm/Versailles Saint Quentin University, Paris Saclay, 78180 Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dludla PV, Nkambule BB, Cirilli I, Marcheggiani F, Mabhida SE, Ziqubu K, Ntamo Y, Jack B, Nyambuya TM, Hanser S, Mazibuko-Mbeje SE. Capsaicin, its clinical significance in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
|
28
|
Application of Nanomicelles in Enhancing Bioavailability and Biological Efficacy of Bioactive Nutrients. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163278. [PMID: 36015535 PMCID: PMC9415603 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals provide many biological benefits besides their basic nutritional value. However, their biological efficacies are often limited by poor absorption and low bioavailability. Nanomaterials have received much attention as potential delivery systems of nutrients and phytonutrients for multiple applications. Nanomicelles are nanosized colloidal structures with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell. Due to their unique characteristics, they have shown great perspectives in food and nutraceutical science. In this review, we discussed the unique properties of nanomicelles. We also emphasized the latest advances on the design of different nanomicelles for efficient delivery and improved bioavailability of various nutrients. The role of nanomicelles in the efficacy improvement of bioactive components from nutraceutical and health foods has been included. Importantly, the safety concerns on nano-processed food products were highlighted.
Collapse
|
29
|
Sano K, Uzawa Y, Kaneshima I, Nakasato S, Hashimoto M, Tanaka Y, Nakatani S, Kobata K. Vanillin reduction in the biosynthetic pathway of capsiate, a non-pungent component of Capsicum fruits, is catalyzed by cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12384. [PMID: 35858994 PMCID: PMC9300701 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16150-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsicum fruits synthesize capsaicin from vanillylamine, which is produced from vanillin in a reaction catalyzed by a putative aminotransferase (pAMT). Capsiate, a non-pungent compound that is structurally similar to capsaicin, is synthesized from vanillyl alcohol rather than vanillylamine. Vanillyl alcohol is possibly generated by the enzymatic reduction of vanillin, but the enzyme responsible for this reaction is unknown. In the present study, we revealed that the vanillin reductase in the capsiate biosynthetic pathway is cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), which is an enzyme involved in lignin synthesis. The reduction of vanillin to vanillyl alcohol was greater in the mature red fruit placental extract than in the immature green fruit placental extract. This reduction was suppressed by both N-(O-hydroxyphenyl) sulfinamoyltertiobutyl acetate, a specific inhibitor of CAD, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, a metalloenzyme inhibitor. The CaCAD1 transcript levels in the placenta were higher in the red fruits than in the green fruits. A recombinant CaCAD1 protein obtained using an Escherichia coli expression system reduced vanillin to vanillyl alcohol. This reaction was suppressed by the CAD inhibitors. These results strongly suggest that CAD is the enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of vanillin to vanillyl alcohol during capsiate biosynthesis. Syntenic analyses indicated that genes encoding CAD and capsaicin synthase (Pun1) involved in capsiate biosynthesis were acquired before the pAMT gene during the evolution of the family Solanaceae. This raises the possibility that in the genus Capsicum, the capsiate biosynthetic pathway emerged before the pAMT-encoding gene was acquired as the final trigger for capsaicin biosynthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Sano
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Yuya Uzawa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Itsuki Kaneshima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Saika Nakasato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masashi Hashimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Sachie Nakatani
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenji Kobata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Biradar K, Singh J, Pillai SS, Crosby KM, Patil BS. Separation of nordihydrocapsiate from capsiate and major capsaicinoid analogues using ultra high performance liquid chromatography. Food Chem 2022; 382:132585. [PMID: 35247666 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Accurate, rapid quantitation of the capsaicinoid and capsinoid compounds produced by peppers (Capsicum spp.) is essential to assess quality. Here, we developed a rapid ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous separation of five major capsaicinoids and three major capsinoids from peppers. Optimal chromatographic separation was achieved using a phenyl-hexyl stationary phase with a mobile phase of acidified water and methanol with a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min at a column temperature of 55 °C over 5 min. The method was validated by testing linearity, precision, robustness, and limits of detection and quantification. The developed method was successfully employed to profile capsaicinoids and capsinoids from different pepper cultivars. Out of the 10 pepper cultivars analysed, all three major capsinoids were detected in two cultivars. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of successful separation of nordihydrocapsiate from capsiate and quantification of nordihydrocapsiate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kishan Biradar
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, USDA National Center of Excellence, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1500 Research Parkway, Suite A120, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Jashbir Singh
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, USDA National Center of Excellence, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1500 Research Parkway, Suite A120, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Syamkumar S Pillai
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, USDA National Center of Excellence, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1500 Research Parkway, Suite A120, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Kevin M Crosby
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, USDA National Center of Excellence, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1500 Research Parkway, Suite A120, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Bhimanagouda S Patil
- Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, USDA National Center of Excellence, Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, 1500 Research Parkway, Suite A120, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Liu XY, Wei DG, Li RS. Capsaicin induces ferroptosis of NSCLC by regulating SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling in vitro. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11996. [PMID: 35835852 PMCID: PMC9283462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16372-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NSCLC is the first cause of cancer-related deaths in China and threatens life expectancy of the people. Novel drugs and treatment strategies are urgently required. Capsaicin is noticed as a potential new drug for lots of tumors due to its anti-proliferative effect on cancer cells. Our study evaluated the roles of capsaicin in NSCLC cells (A549 and NCI-H23) and further explored its underlying mechanisms. Effect of capsaicin treatment on cell viability was determined by MTT assay and IC50 values for A549 and NCI-H23 cells were ascertained. The iron kit detected the total iron levels and the ferric divalent ions levels in A549 and NCI-H23 cells. GSH kit was used to detect the expression of GSH in A549 and NCI-H23 cells. Additionally, mRNA and protein levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were analyzed by real-time PCR and western blot analysis. Through MTT assay, we found that 200 μM capsaicin in cultured A549 cells for 48 h could reach the IC50 value, and the condition was 100 μM and 48 h for NCI-H23 cells. Capsaicin increased total iron levels and ferrous ion levels in A549 and NCI-H23 cells in contrast with the control group, whereas the levels of GSH was reduced in contrast with the control group. Besides, mRNA and protein levels of SLC7A11 and GPX4 were decreased significantly in A549 and NCI-H23 cells treated with capsaicin in contrast with the control group. Our study indicated that capsaicin inhibited the proliferation of A549 and NCI-H23 cells and induced ferroptosis by inactivating SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling. Capsaicin could be used as a potential anticancer agent in the treatment of NSCLC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dong-Guang Wei
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Shan Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, 030012, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Añibarro-Ortega M, Pinela J, Alexopoulos A, Petropoulos SA, Ferreira ICFR, Barros L. The powerful Solanaceae: Food and nutraceutical applications in a sustainable world. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2022; 100:131-172. [PMID: 35659351 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Solanaceae family is considered one of the most important families among plant species because, on one hand encompasses many staple food crops of the human diet while, on the other hand, it includes species rich in powerful secondary metabolites that could be valorized in medicine or drug formulation as well as nutraceuticals and food supplements. The main genera are Solanum, Capsicum, Physalis, and Lycium which comprise several important cultivated crops (e.g., tomato, pepper, eggplant, tomatillo, and goji berry), as well as genera notable for species with several pharmaceutical properties (e.g., Datura, Nicotiana, Atropa, Mandragora, etc.). This chapter discusses the nutritional value of the most important Solanaceae species commonly used for their edible fruit, as well as those used in the development of functional foods, food supplements, and nutraceuticals due to their bioactive constituents. The toxic and poisonous effects are also discussed aiming to highlight possible detrimental consequences due to irrational use. Finally, considering the high amount of waste and by-products generated through the value chain of the main crops, the sustainable management practices implemented so far are presented with the aim to increase the added-value of these crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Añibarro-Ortega
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Alexios Alexopoulos
- Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Agriculture, University of the Peloponnese, Kalamata, Messinia, Greece
| | - Spyridon A Petropoulos
- Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Xu Z, Gu S, Li Y, Wu J, Zhao Y. Recognition-Enabled Automated Analyte Identification via 19F NMR. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8285-8292. [PMID: 35622989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is an indispensable tool for structural elucidation and noninvasive analysis. Automated identification of analytes with NMR is highly pursued in metabolism research and disease diagnosis; however, this process is often complicated by the signal overlap and the sample matrix. We herein report a detection scheme based on 19F NMR spectroscopy and dynamic recognition, which effectively simplifies the detection signal and mitigates the influence of the matrix on the detection. It is demonstrated that this approach can not only detect and differentiate capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in complex real-world samples but also quantify the ibuprofen content in sustained-release capsules. Based on the 19F signals obtained in the detection using a set of three 19F probes, automated analyte identification is achieved, effectively reducing the odds of misrecognition caused by structural similarity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenchuang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Siyi Gu
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yipeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanchuan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Organofluorine Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China.,Key Laboratory of Energy Regulation Materials, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Ling-Ling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
One-Step Encapsulation of Capsaicin into Chitosan-Oleic Acid Complex Particles: Evaluation of Encapsulation Ability and Stability. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14112163. [PMID: 35683834 PMCID: PMC9183016 DOI: 10.3390/polym14112163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin (CAP) demonstrates a potential for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries owing to its various attractive health benefits, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the application of CAP is often limited by its low solubility in water, low bioavailability, and strong pungency. In this study, a simple one-step method for the stable encapsulation and dispersion of CAP in aqueous media was developed using polyelectrolyte complex particles formed by chitosan (CHI) and oleic acid (OA). Homogeneous particles with mean diameters below 1 μm were successfully prepared via spontaneous molecular complexation by mixing an aqueous solution of CHI with an ethanolic solution of OA and CAP. CAP was incorporated into the hydrophobic domains of the CHI-OA complex particles through hydrophobic interactions between the alkyl chains of OA and CAP. The factors affecting CAP encapsulation were investigated, and a maximum encapsulation yield of approximately 100% was obtained. The CHI-OA-CAP complex particles could be stored for more than 3 months at room temperature (22-26 °C) without resulting in macroscopic phase separation or degradation of CAP. We believe that our findings provide a useful alternative encapsulation technique for CAP and contribute to expanding its practical application.
Collapse
|
35
|
Li ZY, Shen QH, Mao ZW, Tan CP. A Rising Interest in the Development of Metal Complexes in Cancer Immunotherapy. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200270. [PMID: 35419865 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Metal complexes have shown great potential in cancer immunotherapy. This review briefly introduces the basic concepts and strategies of cancer immunotherapy and summarizes the recent discoveries on the immune effects of traditional platinum-based anticancer compounds. In addition, we also outline the latest research progresses on metal complexes for cancer immunotherapy focusing on platinum, ruthenium, iridium, rhenium and copper complexes. Finally, the research perspectives and unsolved problems on the applications of metallo-anticancer agents in cancer immunotherapy are purposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Hua Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
De Aguiar AC, Viganó J, da Silva Anthero AG, Dias ALB, Hubinger MD, Martínez J. Supercritical fluids and fluid mixtures to obtain high-value compounds from Capsicum peppers. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100228. [PMID: 35128385 PMCID: PMC8808056 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Peppers of the Capsicum genus have a rich nutritional composition and are widely consumed worldwide. Thus, they find numerous applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. One commercial application is oleoresin production, a nonpolar fraction rich in bioactive compounds, including capsaicinoids and carotenoids. Among the technologies for pepper processing, special attention is given to supercritical fluid technologies, such as supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) with pure solvents and CO2 plus modifiers, and SFE assisted by ultrasound. Supercritical fluid-based processes present advantages over the classical extraction techniques like using less solvents, short extraction times, specificity and scalability. In this review, we present a brief overview of the nutritional aspects of peppers, followed by studies that apply supercritical fluid technologies to produce extracts and concentrate bioactives, besides oleoresin encapsulation. Furthermore, we present related phase equilibrium, cost estimation, and the gaps and needs for the full use of peppers from a sustainable perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina De Aguiar
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliane Viganó
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, 12383-250 Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabriela da Silva Anthero
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Arthur Luiz Baião Dias
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Miriam Dupas Hubinger
- Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Julian Martínez
- Laboratory of High Pressure in Food Engineering, Department of Food Engineering, School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wu X, Xu N, Cheng C, McClements DJ, Chen X, Zou L, Liu W. Encapsulation of hydrophobic capsaicin within the aqueous phase of water-in-oil high internal phase emulsions: Controlled release, reduced irritation, and enhanced bioaccessibility. Food Hydrocoll 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2021.107184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
38
|
Elkhedir AE, Iqbal A, Zogona D, Mohammed HH, Murtaza A, Xu X. Apigenin glycosides from green pepper enhance longevity and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nutr Res 2022; 102:23-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
39
|
QTL Mapping of Resistance to Bacterial Wilt in Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum) Using Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS). HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt (BW) disease, which is caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is one globally prevalent plant disease leading to significant losses of crop production and yield with the involvement of a diverse variety of monocot and dicot host plants. In particular, the BW of the soil-borne disease seriously influences solanaceous crops, including peppers (sweet and chili peppers), paprika, tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplants. Recent studies have explored genetic regions that are associated with BW resistance for pepper crops. However, owing to the complexity of BW resistance, the identification of the genomic regions controlling BW resistance is poorly understood and still remains to be unraveled in the pepper cultivars. In this study, we performed the quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis to identify genomic loci and alleles, which play a critical role in the resistance to BW in pepper plants. The disease symptoms and resistance levels for BW were assessed by inoculation with R. solanacearum. Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was utilized in 94 F2 segregating populations originated from a cross between a resistant line, KC352, and a susceptible line, 14F6002-14. A total of 628,437 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was obtained, and a pepper genetic linkage map was constructed with putative 1550 SNP markers via the filtering criteria. The linkage map exhibited 16 linkage groups (LG) with a total linkage distance of 828.449 cM. Notably, QTL analysis with CIM (composite interval mapping) method uncovered pBWR-1 QTL underlying on chromosome 01 and explained 20.13 to 25.16% by R2 (proportion of explained phenotyphic variance by the QTL) values. These results will be valuable for developing SNP markers associated with BW-resistant QTLs as well as for developing elite BW-resistant cultivars in pepper breeding programs.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Background: Chili pepper has been used for the treatment and prevention of multiple diseases. This may be due to its abundance of bioactive components, such as carotenoids, which are well known for their antioxidant properties. To date, several prospective cohort studies have examined the association between chili pepper intake and mortality, but the results have not been consistent. This study aimed to clarify the association between chili pepper intake and all-cause and disease-specific mortality using a meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and ISI Web of Science databases were searched up to December 20, 2020, and reference lists of included studies were manually reviewed. All prospective cohort studies on the association between chili pepper intake and all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific, and cancer-specific mortality were included in this study. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated in the meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistic and Q test. Results: A total of 4 cohort studies (N=564,748; all four studies had adjusted for important potential confounders such as demographic variables, dietary intake, and physical activity) were ultimately included in this meta-analysis. Among them, 31,527 died due to all causes, 10,184 died due to CVD, and 9,868 died due to cancer. Compared to none or rare consumption of chili pepper, consumption of chili pepper (ever or more than once a week) could significantly reduce the risk of all-cause mortality (summary adjusted HR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.90), CVD-specific mortality (summary adjusted HR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.85, 0.93), and cancer-specific mortality (summary adjusted HR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88, 0.97). There was no significant between-study heterogeneity in the analyses (all-cause mortality: I2=0.7%, P=0.389; CVD-specific mortality: I2=21.8%, P=0.280; cancer-specific mortality: I2=0.0%, P=0.918). Conclusions: The present meta-analysis confirmed that chili pepper intake could reduce the risk of all-cause, CVD-specific, and cancer-specific mortality, suggesting that chili pepper may be a beneficial ingredient in the diets in prolonging life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiahong Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Xi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bhandari S, Gogoi R, Begum T, Baruah J, Lal M. Evaluation of ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (uHPLC) assisted capsaicinoids content in four different extracts of ( Capsicum chinense Jacq.): their pharmacological potentials and genotoxicity study. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:5638-5642. [PMID: 34937448 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2019735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The present study determined the capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin and nordihydrocapsaicin of Capsicum chinense Jacq., ethanol, methanol, acetonitrile and dry acetone extracts using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography (uHPLC) technique. Highest capsaicin (2.84%) and nordihydrocapsaicin (0.56%) content was recorded in ethanol extract, while methanol extracts constituted highest dihydrocapsaicin (1.27%). Strong anti-inflammatory activity was shown by ethanol extract. All the extracts were found to be weak anti-diabetic, skin whitening and neurodegenerative agent. In genotoxicity test, ethanol extract showed mitotic index (MI) of 13.16% which was close to distilled water 25.72%. The chromosomal aberration of 8.0% was shown by ethanolic extract. The mitotic index value and chromosome aberration percentages of all the four extracts were similar but far from positive mutagenic agent ethyl methane sulfonate. Ethanol extract proved to be the best solvent for capsaicinoids extraction in comparison to the other three solvents and emerged as a potential pharmacological candidate having excellent anti-inflammatory ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Bhandari
- Agro-Technology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP 201002 India
| | - Roktim Gogoi
- Agro-Technology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP 201002 India
| | - Twahira Begum
- Agro-Technology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP 201002 India
| | - Joyashree Baruah
- Agro-Technology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP 201002 India
| | - Mohan Lal
- Agro-Technology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam, India.,AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, UP 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bakpa EP, Xie J, Zhang J, Han K, Ma Y, Liu T. Influence of soil amendment of different concentrations of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer on physiological characteristics, yield and quality of "Hangjiao No.2" Chili Pepper. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12472. [PMID: 34909271 PMCID: PMC8638573 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids are well known as natural stimulators of plant growth and are widely used to promote crop yield and quality. Several studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of amino acid (s) as a foliar spray on a variety of plant species. However, the effects of soil amendment of different concentrations of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer on the physiological characteristics, yield, and quality of pepper remain unclear. Following this, three experimental sets of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer in the ratio 1.8: 2.7: 3.6 kg including control (CK) were conducted in Lintao county, Gansu province. The treatments were applied through furrow method at 6 weeks after planting. The results showed that physiological characteristics of the pepper plants, such as chlorophyll a (1.35 mg g−1), and b (0.67 mg g−1), total chlorophyll (2.02 mg g−1), carotenoid (0.63 mg g−1), ETR (26.25 µmol m−2s−1), Fv/Fm (0.75), Qp (0.92) contents of the leaves were increased by the 1.8 kg treatment while NPQ (71.37%) and root activity (2185.52 µg g−1 h−1) were improved by the 3.6 kg treatment compared to the control. Fertilization with 2.7 kg of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer also had a significant influence on fruit length (25.50 cm), and yield of pepper (37.92 t ha−1) while fruit diameter (24.51 mm), firmness (5.30 kg cm−2), fresh (48.10 g) and dry (4.71 g) weights were higher in the 1.8 kg treatment compared to the control. The lowest rate of fertilizer (1.8 kg) applied again resulted in a significant increase in soluble protein (79.79%), capsaicin (5.80 mg g−1), dihydrocapsaicin (1.08 mg g−1), vitamin C (72.33%) and the essential and non-essential amino acid contents of the pepper which ranged from (235.15 to 11.16 µg g−1) and (1,605.10 to 16.63 µg g−1) respectively, while soluble sugar (9.02%) was enhanced by 3.6 kg treatment compared to the control. The findings suggest that soil amendment with low concentration of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer (1.8 kg) could be successfully used to improve the physiological characteristics and fruit quality of peppers in vegetable production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kangning Han
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yufeng Ma
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Tiandong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ma C, Sheng N, Shi G, Zhang J, Zhang T. An efficient approach to probe the bioactive transdermal components of traditional Chinese herbal patches by UHPLC-MS: Gutong patch as a case. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153776. [PMID: 34666285 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese herbal patches (TCHPs) characterized by good patient adherence and few side effects have been widely used in the clinic. However, their bioactive transdermal components, which are key to the quality and efficacy, have rarely been investigated. PURPOSE Establishing an approach to probe the bioactive transdermal components of TCHPs, using Gutong patch (GTP) as a case study. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS GTP constituents were identified using ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS). The identified GTP constituents were transferred to an ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS) method in a dynamic multiple reaction monitoring (dMRM) mode for sensitively targeted analysis of transdermal components present at low concentrations. The ex vivo transdermal components were rapidly probed using a percutaneous permeation model and the release kinetics of marker components was assessed to evaluate the release behavior of GTP. The in vivo transdermal components were then studied in a rat model of arthritis and the changes in concentration of 15 representative bioactive transdermal components with time were well revealed. RESULTS A total of 120 phytochemical constituents have been identified in GTP extracts and 61 ex vivo transdermal components were targetedly detected. The release kinetics of GTP were evaluated by eight marker components and fitted to a zero-order kinetic model. In vivo, 62 and 40 transdermal components were observed in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of arthritic rats, respectively. The concentration-time changes of 15 representative transdermal components with documented bioactivities have been successfully exhibited after GTP administration. CONCLUSION We established a feasible approach to probe the bioactive transdermal components of TCHPs efficiently. The integration of mass spectrometry profiling and targeted detection in dMRM mode enabled a comprehensive investigation of phytochemical constituents and their transdermal delivery, thus addressing the challenge of direct probing of diverse transdermal components present at low concentrations. This approach could be used to rapidly probe the bioactive components and understand the mechanism of TCHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congyu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Ning Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Gaona Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Jinlan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
A Comparison Study of the Effect on IBS-D Rats among Ginger-Partitioned Moxibustion, Mild Moxibustion, and Laser Moxibustion. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:4296216. [PMID: 34840586 PMCID: PMC8612783 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4296216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that severely affects patients' life. Moxibustion is believed to be an effective way to treat IBS-D. However, the therapeutic effects and the underlying mechanisms in symptom management of IBS-D by different moxibustion therapies remain unclear. Methods IBS-D model rats were divided into groups and treated with ginger-partitioned moxibustion (GPM), mild moxibustion (MM), and laser moxibustion (LM) at a temperature of 43°C, respectively. The temperature curves of acupoints were recorded during interventions. The therapeutic effects were evaluated on the basis of general condition, stool, and hematoxylin-eosin staining of the colon tissue. Moreover, the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptors in both acupoint tissue and colon tissue was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results After moxibustion treatment, the symptoms were improved. The expression of TRPV1 was increased in acupoint tissue and decreased in colon tissue. GPM and MM showed a more significant influence on IBS-D rats compared with LM. The temperature profile of GPM and MM was wave-like, while LM had an almost stable temperature curve. Conclusion GPM, MM, and LM could improve the symptoms in IBS-D rats. Moxibustion might activate TRPV1 channels in the acupoint tissue and induce acupoint functions, which in turn inhibit the pathological activation state of the colon's TRPV1, followed by improvements in abdominal pain and diarrheal symptoms. LM with stable temperature might lead to the desensitization of TRPV1 receptors and the tolerance of acupoint. GPM and MM provided dynamic and repetitive thermal stimulations that perhaps induced acupoint sensitization to increase efficacy. Therefore, dynamic and repetitive thermal stimulation is recommended in the application of moxibustion.
Collapse
|
45
|
Pandohee J, Kyereh E, Kulshrestha S, Xu B, Mahomoodally MF. Review of the recent developments in metabolomics-based phytochemical research. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-16. [PMID: 34672234 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1993127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are important bioactive components present in natural products. Although the health benefits of many food products are well-known and accepted as a common knowledge, the identity of the main bioactive molecules and the mechanism by which they interact in the body of human are often unknown. It was only in the last 30 years when the field of metabolomics had matured that the identification of such molecules with bioactivity has been made possible through the development of instruments to separate and computational techniques to characterize complex samples. This in turn has enabled in vitro studies to quantify the biological activity of the respective phytochemical either in mice models or in humans. In this review, the importance of key dietary phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, resveratrol, curcumin, and capsaicinoids are discussed together with their potential functions for human health. Untargeted metabolomics, in particular, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, is the most used method to isolate, identify and profile bioactive compounds in the study of phytochemicals in foods. The application of metabolomics in drug discovery is a common practice nowadays and has boosted the drug and/or supplement manufacturing sector.HighlightsPhytochemicals are beneficial compounds for human healthPhytochemicals are plant-based bioactive and obtainable from natural productsUntargeted metabolomics has boosted the discovery of phytochemicals from foodTargeted metabolomics is key in the authentication and screening of phytochemicalsMetabolomics of phytochemicals is reshaping the road to drug and supplement manufacture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Pandohee
- Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Réduit, Mauritius
| | | | - Saurabh Kulshrestha
- School of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tanaka Y, Watachi M, Nemoto W, Goto T, Yoshida Y, Yasuba KI, Ohno S, Doi M. Capsaicinoid biosynthesis in the pericarp of chili pepper fruits is associated with a placental septum-like transcriptome profile and tissue structure. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1859-1874. [PMID: 34283265 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02750-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CAP biosynthesis in the pericarp of chili pepper fruits occurs with an ambiguous boundary in the placental septum and pericarp. Capsaicinoid (CAP) is a pungent ingredient of chili pepper fruits. Generally, CAP biosynthesis is limited to the placental septum of fruits, but it has been reported that its biosynthesis occurs even in the pericarp of some extremely pungent varieties, resulting in a substantial increase in total content. To examine the mechanism of CAP biosynthesis in the pericarp, comparative transcriptome analysis of a variety that produces CAP in the pericarp (MY) and a variety that does not (HB) was carried out. RNA-seq revealed that 2264 genes were differentially expressed in the MY pericarp compared with the HB pericarp. PCA analysis and GO enrichment analysis indicated that the MY pericarp has a gene expression profile more like placental septum than the HB pericarp. The gene expression of CAP biosynthesis-related genes in the MY pericarp changed coordinately with the placental septum during fruit development. In most Capsicum accessions including HB, the distribution of slender epidermal cells producing CAP was limited to the placental septum, and the morphological boundary between the placental septum and pericarp was clear. In some extremely pungent varieties such as MY, slender epidermal cells ranged from the placental septum to the pericarp region, and the pericarp was morphologically similar to the placental septum, such as the absence of large sub-epidermal cells and abundant spaces in the parenchymal tissue. Our data suggest that CAP biosynthesis in the pericarp occurred with an ambiguous boundary in the placental septum and pericarp. These findings contribute to further enhancement of CAP production in chili pepper fruits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Tanaka
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
| | - Mayuko Watachi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Wakana Nemoto
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Tanjuro Goto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuichi Yoshida
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Yasuba
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Sho Ohno
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Motoaki Doi
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pires C, Silva IC. Initial review on medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing natural materials for the treatment of HIV or AIDS. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
48
|
Dias MS, Junior EPV, Santos BCD, Martins FA, Almeida PMDE, Peron AP. Cytogenotoxicity and protective effect of piperine and capsaicin on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20201772. [PMID: 34550203 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine and capsaicin are important molecules with biological and pharmacological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the cytogenotoxic and protective effect of piperine and capsaicin on Allium cepa cells. A. cepa roots were exposed to negative (2% Dimethylsulfoxide) and positive (Methylmethanesulfonate, MMS, 10 µg/mL) controls, and four concentrations (25-200 µM) of piperine or capsaicin (alone) or associated before, simultaneously or after with the MMS. Only the lowest concentration of piperine (25 µM) showed a protective effect because it was not genotoxic. Piperine and capsaicin were cytotoxic (50, 100 and 200 µM). Piperine (50 to 200 µM) caused a significant increase in the total average of chromosomal alterations of in A. cepa cells. For capsaicin, the genotoxic effect was dose-dependent with a significant increase for all concentrations, highlighting the significant presence of micronuclei and nuclear buds for the two isolates. In general, bioactive compounds reduced the total average of chromosomal alterations against damage caused by MMS, mainly micronuclei and/or nuclear buds. Therefore, the two molecules were cytotoxic and genotoxic at the highest concentrations, and did not have cytoprotective action, and the lowest concentration of piperine demonstrated important chemopreventive activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcondes S Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Federal do Piauí /UFPI, Laboratório de Genética, Ininga, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Erasmo P V Junior
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Francielle A Martins
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Pedro M DE Almeida
- Universidade Estadual do Piauí, Centro de Ciências Naturais (CCN), Laboratório de Genética, Rua João Cabral, 2231, 64002-150 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Ana P Peron
- Universidade Federal de Tecnologia, Paraná /UTFPR, Departamento de Biodiversidade e Conservação da Natureza, Campus Campo Mourão, Via Rosalina Maria dos Santos, 1233, Caixa Postal 271, 87301-899 Campo Mourão, PR, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Impact of Phytochemicals on Viability and Cereulide Toxin Synthesis in Bacillus cereus Revealed by a Novel High-Throughput Method, Coupling an AlamarBlue-Based Assay with UPLC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13090672. [PMID: 34564676 PMCID: PMC8470179 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13090672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its food-poisoning potential, Bacillus cereus has attracted the attention of the food industry. The cereulide-toxin-producing subgroup is of particular concern, as cereulide toxin is implicated in broadscale food-borne outbreaks and occasionally causes fatalities. The health risks associated with long-term cereulide exposure at low doses remain largely unexplored. Natural substances, such as plant-based secondary metabolites, are widely known for their effective antibacterial potential, which makes them promising as ingredients in food and also as a surrogate for antibiotics. In this work, we tested a range of structurally related phytochemicals, including benzene derivatives, monoterpenes, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives and vitamins, for their inhibitory effects on the growth of B. cereus and the production of cereulide toxin. For this purpose, we developed a high-throughput, small-scale method which allowed us to analyze B. cereus survival and cereulide production simultaneously in one workflow by coupling an AlamarBlue-based viability assay with ultraperformance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). This combinatory method allowed us to identify not only phytochemicals with high antibacterial potential, but also ones specifically eradicating cereulide biosynthesis already at very low concentrations, such as gingerol and curcumin.
Collapse
|
50
|
Intasian P, Prakinee K, Phintha A, Trisrivirat D, Weeranoppanant N, Wongnate T, Chaiyen P. Enzymes, In Vivo Biocatalysis, and Metabolic Engineering for Enabling a Circular Economy and Sustainability. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10367-10451. [PMID: 34228428 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since the industrial revolution, the rapid growth and development of global industries have depended largely upon the utilization of coal-derived chemicals, and more recently, the utilization of petroleum-based chemicals. These developments have followed a linear economy model (produce, consume, and dispose). As the world is facing a serious threat from the climate change crisis, a more sustainable solution for manufacturing, i.e., circular economy in which waste from the same or different industries can be used as feedstocks or resources for production offers an attractive industrial/business model. In nature, biological systems, i.e., microorganisms routinely use their enzymes and metabolic pathways to convert organic and inorganic wastes to synthesize biochemicals and energy required for their growth. Therefore, an understanding of how selected enzymes convert biobased feedstocks into special (bio)chemicals serves as an important basis from which to build on for applications in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology to enable biobased processes that are greener and cleaner for the environment. This review article highlights the current state of knowledge regarding the enzymatic reactions used in converting biobased wastes (lignocellulosic biomass, sugar, phenolic acid, triglyceride, fatty acid, and glycerol) and greenhouse gases (CO2 and CH4) into value-added products and discusses the current progress made in their metabolic engineering. The commercial aspects and life cycle assessment of products from enzymatic and metabolic engineering are also discussed. Continued development in the field of metabolic engineering would offer diversified solutions which are sustainable and renewable for manufacturing valuable chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pattarawan Intasian
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Kridsadakorn Prakinee
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Aisaraphon Phintha
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Biochemistry and Center for Excellence in Protein and Enzyme Technology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Duangthip Trisrivirat
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Nopphon Weeranoppanant
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Burapha University, 169, Long-hard Bangsaen, Saensook, Muang, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Thanyaporn Wongnate
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Pimchai Chaiyen
- School of Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|