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Akl MA, Eldeen MA, Kassem AM. Beyond Skin Deep: Phospholipid-Based Nanovesicles as Game-Changers in Transdermal Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:184. [PMID: 39138693 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02896-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Transdermal administration techniques have gained popularity due to their advantages over oral and parenteral methods. Noninvasive, self-administered delivery devices improve patient compliance and control drug release. Transdermal delivery devices struggle with the skin's barrier function. Molecules over 500 Dalton (Da) and ionized compounds don't permeate through the skin. Drug encapsulation in phospholipid-based vesicular systems is the most effective skin delivery technique. Vesicular carriers include bi-layered liposomes, ultra-deformable liposomes, ethanolic liposomes, transethosomes, and invasomes. These technologies enhance skin drug permeation by increasing formula solubilization, partitioning into the skin, and fluidizing the lipid barrier. Phospholipid-based delivery systems are safe and efficient, making them a promising pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical drug delivery technique. Still, making delivery systems requires knowledge about the physicochemical properties of the drug and carrier, manufacturing and process variables, skin delivery mechanisms, technological advances, constraints, and regulatory requirements. Consequently, this review covers recent research achievements addressing the mentioned concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Akl
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, 54001, Iraq.
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Cell Biology, Histology, & Genetics Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Alsharquia, 7120001, Egypt
| | - Abdulsalam M Kassem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
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2
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Alyami MH, Alyami HS, Abdo AM, A. Sabry S, El-Nahas HM, Ayoub MM. Maximizing the Use of Ivermectin Transethosomal Cream in the Treatment of Scabies. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1026. [PMID: 39204371 PMCID: PMC11360360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In an effort to tackle the skin reactions frequently observed with topical application of ivermectin (IVM), a study was conducted to develop and optimize transethosomes (TESMs) loaded with IVM for scabies treatment. A three-factor, two-level (23) full factorial design was employed. Soyabean phosphatidylcholine concentration (A), ethanol concentration (B) and Span 60 amount (C) were studied as independent factors, while entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP) and drug release after 6 h (Q6h) were characterized. The skin sensitivity of the optimized formulation was evaluated by skin irritation test and histopathological examination. The EE% ranged from 88.55 ± 0.576% to 94.13 ± 0.305%, PS was from 318.033 ± 45.61 nm to 561.400 ± 45.17 nm, PDI was from 0.328 ± 0.139 to 0.671 ± 0.103, ZP was from -54.13 ± 1.09 mV to -60.50 ± 2.34 mV and Q6h was from 66.20 ± 0.30% to 93.46 ± 0.86%. The IVM-loaded transethosomal cream showed lower skin irritation and a more intact epidermal layer with intact keratinocyte, compared to the marketed cream which showed severe destruction of the keratin layer. Therefore, patient compliance can be improved by encapsulating IVM within TESMs to minimize its skin reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M. Abdo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shereen A. Sabry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. El-Nahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Margrit M. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Mahajan K, Sharma P, Abbot V, Chauhan K. Ethosomes as a carrier for transdermal drug delivery system: methodology and recent developments. J Liposome Res 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38676416 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2339896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) have received significant attention in recent years. TDDS are flexible systems that transport active components to the skin for either localized or systemic delivery of drugs through the skin. Among the three main layers of skin, the outermost layer, called the stratum corneum (SC), prevents the entry of water-loving bacteria and drugs with a high molecular weight. The challenge lies in successfully delivering drugs through the skin, which crosses the stratum corneum. The popularity of lipid-based vesicular delivery systems has increased in recent years due to their ability to deliver both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. Ethosomes are specialized vesicles made of phospholipids that can store large amounts of ethanol. Ethosome structure and substance promote skin permeability and bioavailability. This article covers ethosome compositions, types, medication delivery techniques, stability, and safety. In addition to this, an in-depth analysis of the employment of ethosomes in drug delivery applications for a wide range of diseases has also been discussed. This review article highlights different aspects of ethosomes, such as their synthesis, characterization, marketed formulation, recent advancements in TDDS, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karishma Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vikrant Abbot
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Jhanjeri, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Kalpana Chauhan
- Department of Chemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, India
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Asghar Z, Jamshaid T, Jamshaid U, Madni A, Akhtar N, Lashkar MO, Gad HA. In Vivo Evaluation of Miconazole-Nitrate-Loaded Transethosomal Gel Using a Rat Model Infected with Candida albicans. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:546. [PMID: 38794118 PMCID: PMC11123890 DOI: 10.3390/ph17050546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Miconazole nitrate (MCNR), an antifungal drug, is used to treat superficial infections. The objective of the current study was to assess the antifungal effectiveness of MCNR-loaded transethosomal gel (MNTG) against Candida albicans in an in vivo rat model. The outcomes were compared with those of the miconazole nitrate gel (MNG) and marketed Daktarin® cream (2%) based on histopathological and hematological studies. The results of the skin irritation test revealed the safety profile of the MNTG. The MNTG demonstrated the greatest antifungal activity in the histological analysis and the visible restoration of the skin, and the rats revealed an apparent evidence of recovery. Compared to the untreated group, the treated group's lymphocyte and white blood cells counts increased, but their eosinophil counts decreased. In conclusion, MNTG exhibited the greatest antifungal activity, which might be connected to the improved skin permeability of the transethosome's nanosized vesicles. Therefore, it could be considered a promising carrier for topical usage and the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis. More clinical research needs to be performed in order to demonstrate its effectiveness and safe usage in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zara Asghar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Talha Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Usama Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Strasbourg University, 67084 Strasbourg, France;
| | - Asadullah Madni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (Z.A.); (A.M.); (N.A.)
| | - Manar O. Lashkar
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba A. Gad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
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Munir M, Zaman M, Waqar MA, Hameed H, Riaz T. A comprehensive review on transethosomes as a novel vesicular approach for drug delivery through transdermal route. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:203-218. [PMID: 37338000 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2221354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery through transdermal route is one of the effective methods for the application of drugs. It overcomes many drawbacks which are encountered with the oral route. Moreover, many drugs are not able to pass through the stratum corneum, which is the main barrier for the transdermal drug delivery. Formation of ultra-deformable vesicles (UDVs) is a novel technique for the transdermal applications of the drugs. Transethosomes (TEs), ethosomes, and transferosomes are all part of the UDV. Because of the presence of increased concentrations of ethanol, phospholipids, and edge activators, TEs provide improved drug permeation through the stratum corneum. Because of the elasticity of TEs, drug penetration into the deeper layer of skin also increases. TEs can be prepared using a variety of techniques, including the cold method, hot method, thin film hydration method, and the ethanol injection method. It increases patient adherence and compliance because it is a non-invasive procedure of administering drugs. Characterization of the TEs includes pH determination, size and shape, zeta potential, particle size determination, transition temperature, drug content, vesicle stability, and skin permeation studies. These vesicular systems can be utilized to deliver a variety of medications transdermally, including analgesics, antibiotics, antivirals, and anticancer and arthritis medications. This review aims to describe vesicular approaches that had been used to overcome the barrier for the transdermal delivery of drug and also describes brief composition, method of preparation, characterization tests, mechanism of penetration of TEs, as well as highlighted various applications of TEs in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minahal Munir
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Waqar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Huma Hameed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehseen Riaz
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Sharma S, Garg A, Agrawal R, Chopra H, Pathak D. A Comprehensive Review on Niosomes as a Tool for Advanced Drug Delivery. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:206-228. [PMID: 37496251 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230726154557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, advancements in nanocarrier-based therapeutic delivery have been significant, and niosomes research has recently received much interest. The self-assembled nonionic surfactant vesicles lead to the production of niosomes. The most recent nanocarriers, niosomes, are self-assembled vesicles made of nonionic surfactants with or without the proper quantities of cholesterol or other amphiphilic molecules. Because of their durability, low cost of components, largescale production, simple maintenance, and high entrapment efficiency, niosomes are being used more frequently. Additionally, they enhance pharmacokinetics, reduce toxicity, enhance the solubility of poorly water-soluble compounds, & increase bioavailability. One of the most crucial features of niosomes is their controlled release and targeted diffusion, which is utilized for treating cancer, infectious diseases, and other problems. In this review article, we have covered all the fundamental information about niosomes, including preparation techniques, niosomes types, factors influencing their formation, niosomes evaluation, applications, and administration routes, along with recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, N.H. #2, Mathura Delhi Road P.O, Chhatikara, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akash Garg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, N.H. #2, Mathura Delhi Road P.O, Chhatikara, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rutvi Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, N.H. #2, Mathura Delhi Road P.O, Chhatikara, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Himansu Chopra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, N.H. #2, Mathura Delhi Road P.O, Chhatikara, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Devender Pathak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rajiv Academy for Pharmacy, N.H. #2, Mathura Delhi Road P.O, Chhatikara, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Joga R, Kannan B, Yerram S, Nandagawale A, Gawai M, Behera HK, Kumar N, Grover P, Srivastava S, Monga G, Kumar S. Transethosome as a versatile nano vehicle for various indications and its regulatory insights. Pharm Dev Technol 2023; 28:1056-1078. [PMID: 38018532 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2289127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Transethosomes, classified as 3rd generation nanocarriers, have gained global acclaim due to their profound potential in addressing diverse medical conditions. Their superior dermal penetration, attributed to essential constituents, such as edge activators and alcohol, sets them apart from other nanoformulations. The current review article embarks with an introduction followed by a comprehensive exploration of transethosome structures, differentiating them from fellow nanocarriers. A detailed analysis of characteristics and the spectrum of marketed products of various nanocarriers is also provided. Furthermore, the article offers a taxonomy of preparation methods of transethosomes and reports the frequently employed methods. It briefly surveys research studies encompassing various drug categories, spanning a wide range of medical conditions. In summary, this review article is dedicated to achieving several pivotal aims and objectives. We aim to substantiate the superior attributes of transethosomes when compared to conventional commercial products and other nanoformulations, demonstrating their clinical promise in addressing various human medical conditions. Additionally, we seek to elucidate the regulatory pathway required to secure approvals for transethosomes from relevant regulatory authorities and shine a light on their innovative potential as revealed in patent literature. Collectively, these objectives contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the significance and potential of transethosomes in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Joga
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Bharathi Kannan
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Sravani Yerram
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Amruta Nandagawale
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manasi Gawai
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar Behera
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Parul Grover
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KIET School of Pharmacy, KIET Group of Institutions, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Gorav Monga
- Sharda School of Pharmacy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Regulatory Affairs, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
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Nousheen K, Din FU, Jamshaid H, Afza R, Khan SU, Malik M, Ali Z, Batool S, Zeb A, Yousaf AM, Almari AH, Alqahtani S, Khan S, Khan GM. Metformin HCl-loaded transethosomal gel; development, characterization, and antidiabetic potential evaluation in the diabetes-induced rat model. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2251720. [PMID: 37649375 PMCID: PMC10472853 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2251720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein we designed, optimized, and characterized the Metformin Hydrochloride Transethosomes (MTF-TES) and incorporate them into Chitosan gel to develop Metformin Hydrochloride loaded Transethosomal gel (MTF-TES gel) that provides a sustained release, improved transdermal flux and improved antidiabetic response of MTF. Design Expert® software (Ver. 12, Stat-Ease, USA) was applied for the statistical optimization of MTF-TES. The formulation with Mean Particle Size Distribution (MPSD) of 165.4 ± 2.3 nm, Zeta Potential (ZP) of -21.2 ± 1.9 mV, Polydispersity Index (PDI) of 0.169 ± 0.033, and MTF percent Entrapment Efficiency (%EE) of 89.76 ± 4.12 was considered to be optimized. To check the chemical incompatibility among the MTF and other formulation components, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was performed and demonstrated with no chemical interaction. Surface morphology, uniformity, and segregation were evaluated through Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). It was revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical and round in form with intact borders. The fabricated MTF-TES has shown sustained release followed by a more pronounced effect in MTF-TES gel as compared to the plain MTF solution (MTFS) at a pH of 7.4. The MTF-TES has shown enhanced permeation followed by MTF-TES gel as compared to the MTFS at a pH of 7.4. In vivo antidiabetic assay was performed and results have shown improved antidiabetic potential of the MTF-TES gel, in contrast to MTF-gel. Conclusively, MTF-TES is a promising anti-diabetic candidate for transdermal drug delivery that can provide sustained MTF release and enhanced antidiabetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kainat Nousheen
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humzah Jamshaid
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rabia Afza
- Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Saif Ullah Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Bacha Khan University, Charsada, Pakistan
| | - Maimoona Malik
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zakir Ali
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sibgha Batool
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Alam Zeb
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abid Mehmood Yousaf
- Department of Pharmacy, Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Pakistan
| | - Ali H. Almari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanomedicine Research Group, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Bin Jardan YA, Ahad A, Raish M, Al-Jenoobi FI. Preparation and Characterization of Transethosome Formulation for the Enhanced Delivery of Sinapic Acid. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2391. [PMID: 37896151 PMCID: PMC10609874 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinapic acid (SA) is a bioactive phenolic acid; its diverse properties are its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antibacterial activities. The bioactive compound SA is poorly soluble in water. Our goal was to formulate SA-transethosomes using thin-film hydration. The prepared formulations were examined for various parameters. In addition, the optimized formulation was evaluated for surface morphology, in-vitro penetration studies across the Strat M®, and its antioxidant activity. The optimized formulation (F5) exhibited 74.36% entrapment efficacy. The vesicle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index were found to be 111.67 nm, -7.253 mV, and 0.240, respectively. The surface morphology showed smooth and spherical vesicles of SA-transethosomes. In addition, the prepared SA-transethosomes exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity. The SA-transethosomes demonstrated considerably greater penetration across the Strat M® membrane during the study. The flux of SA and SA-transethosomes through the Strat M® membrane was 1.03 ± 0.07 µg/cm2/h and 2.93 ± 0.16 µg/cm2/h. The enhancement ratio of SA-transethosomes was 2.86 ± 0.35 compared to the control. The SA-transethosomes are flexible nano-sized vesicles and are able to penetrate the entrapped drug in a higher concentration. Hence, it was concluded that SA-transethosome-based approaches have the potential to be useful for accentuating the penetrability of SA across the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdul Ahad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Raj A, Dua K, Nair RS, Sarath Chandran C, Alex AT. Transethosome: An ultra-deformable ethanolic vesicle for enhanced transdermal drug delivery. Chem Phys Lipids 2023; 255:105315. [PMID: 37356610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2023.105315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Drug delivery through the skin improves solubility, bioavailability, and unwanted systemic side effects of the drug. The selection of a suitable carrier is a challenging process. The conventional lipid vesicles have some limitations. They deliver the drug in the stratum corneum and have poor colloidal stability. Here comes the need for ultra-deformable lipid vesicles to provide the drug beyond the stratum corneum. Transethosomes are novel ultra-deformable vesicles that can deliver drugs into deeper tissues. The composition of transethosomes includes phospholipid, ethanol and surfactants. Each ingredient has a pivotal role in the properties of the carrier. This review covers the design, preparation method, characterisation, and characteristics of the novel vesicle. Also, we cover the impact of surfactants on vesicular properties and the skin permeation behaviour of novel vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Raj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Rajesh Sreedharan Nair
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - C Sarath Chandran
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government Medical College Kannur, Pariyaram, Kerala, India
| | - Angel Treasa Alex
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Wang Y, Li BS, Zhang ZH, Wang Z, Wan YT, Wu FW, Liu JC, Peng JX, Wang HY, Hong L. Paeonol repurposing for cancer therapy: From mechanism to clinical translation. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115277. [PMID: 37544285 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeonol (PAE) is a natural phenolic monomer isolated from the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa that has been widely used in the clinical treatment of some inflammatory-related diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Much preclinical evidence has demonstrated that PAE not only exhibits a broad spectrum of anticancer effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and migration and inducing cell apoptosis and cycle arrest through multiple molecular pathways, but also shows excellent performance in improving cancer drug sensitivity, reversing chemoresistance and reducing the toxic side effects of anticancer drugs. However, studies indicate that PAE has the characteristics of poor stability, low bioavailability and short half-life, which makes the effective dose of PAE in many cancers usually high and greatly limits its clinical translation. Fortunately, nanomaterials and derivatives are being developed to ameliorate PAE's shortcomings. This review aims to systematically cover the anticancer advances of PAE in pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, nano delivery systems and derivatives, to provide researchers with the latest and comprehensive information, and to point out the limitations of current studies and areas that need to be strengthened in future studies. We believe this work will be beneficial for further exploration and repurposing of this natural compound as a new clinical anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Bing-Shu Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yu-Ting Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fu-Wen Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jing-Chun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jia-Xin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hao-Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Li Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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12
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Aziz Hazari S, Kaur H, Karwasra R, Abourehab MAS, Ali Khan A, Kesharwani P. An overview of topical lipid-based and polymer-based nanocarriers for treatment of psoriasis. Int J Pharm 2023; 638:122938. [PMID: 37031809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a consistently recurring, inflammatory skin disease, affecting about 2 - 5 % of the world population. Different types of psoriasis can be observed such as guttate psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, scalp psoriasis, flexural psoriasis etc. Several therapeutic approaches are available for the treatment of psoriasis. However, none of them are entirely safe and effective to treat the disease without compromising patient compliance. The traditional treatment plan is associated with harmful side effects such asimmune system suppression and damage of essential organs at high doses, which poses a challenge to treat psoriasis. Novel drug delivery systems are being developed to replace traditional therapy in order to address these shortcomings. Currently, nanoformulations have gained widespread application for treatment of psoriasis. Researchers have developed different types of lipid-based nanoparticles like liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, transethosomes, nanostructured lipid carriers and solid lipid nanoparticles. These innovative formulations provide advantages in terms of reduction in dose, dosing frequency, dose-dependency with enhanced efficacy, improved encapsulation efficiency, controlled release, increased surface area, high bioavailability and greater stratum corneum permeability. This review highlights detailed and comparative discussion of lipid-based and polymer-based nanoparticles for psoriasis along with the pathophysiology and other treatments of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahim Aziz Hazari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Harsimran Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Ritu Karwasra
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, Govt of India, New Delhi-110058, India
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asim Ali Khan
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of Ayush, Janakpuri, New Delhi-110058, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical science, Chennai, India.
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Wang Y, Yue Y, Jia R, Liu X, Cheng Z, Cheng Y, Xu Y, Xie Z, Xia H. Design and Evaluation of Paeonol-Loaded Liposomes in Thermoreversible Gels for Atopic Dermatitis. Gels 2023; 9:gels9030198. [PMID: 36975647 PMCID: PMC10047988 DOI: 10.3390/gels9030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Paeonol (PAE) is a hydrophobic drug. In this study, we encapsulated paeonol in a lipid bilayer of liposomes (PAE-L), which delayed drug release and increased drug solubility. When PAE-L was dispersed in gels (PAE-L-G) based on a poloxamer matrix material for local transdermal delivery, we observed amphiphilicity, reversible thermal responsiveness, and micellar self-assembly behavior. These gels can be used for atopic dermatitis (AD), an inflammatory skin disease, to change the surface temperature of the skin. In this study, we prepared PAE-L-G at an appropriate temperature for the treatment of AD. We then assessed the gel’s relevant physicochemical properties, in vitro cumulative drug release, and antioxidant properties. We found that PAE-loaded liposomes could be designed to increase the drug effect of thermoreversible gels. At 32 °C, PAE-L-G could change from solution state to gelatinous state at 31.70 ± 0.42 s, while the viscosity was 136.98 ± 0.78 MPa.S and the free radical scavenging rates on DPPH and H2O2 were 92.24 ± 5.57% and 92.12 ± 2.71%, respectively. Drug release across the extracorporeal dialysis membrane reached 41.76 ± 3.78%. In AD-like mice, PAE-L-G could also relieve skin damage by the 12th day. In summary, PAE-L-G could play an antioxidant role and relieve inflammation caused by oxidative stress in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yan Yue
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Ruoyang Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Zhiqing Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yongfeng Cheng
- Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, China
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-13965033210 (H.X.)
| | - Yinxiang Xu
- Zhaoke (Hefei) Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
| | - Zili Xie
- Anhui Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Hongmei Xia
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (H.X.); Tel./Fax: +86-13965033210 (H.X.)
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14
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Hassan AS, Hofni A, Abourehab MAS, Abdel-Rahman IAM. Ginger Extract-Loaded Transethosomes for Effective Transdermal Permeation and Anti-Inflammation in Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:1259-1280. [PMID: 36945254 PMCID: PMC10024879 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s400604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ginger extract (GE) has sparked great interest due to its numerous biological benefits. However, it suffers from limited skin permeability, which challenges its transdermal application. The target of the current work was to develop transethosomes as a potential nanovehicle to achieve enhanced transdermal delivery of GE through the skin. Methods GE-loaded transethosomes were prepared by cold injection using different edge activators. The fabricated nanovesicles were evaluated for particle size, ζ-potential, encapsulation efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The selected formulation was then laden into the hydrogel system and evaluated for ex vivo permeability and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in a carrageenan-induced rat-paw edema model. Results The selected formulation comprised of sodium deoxycholate exhibited particle size of 188.3±7.66 nm, ζ-potential of -38.6±0.08 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 91.0%±0.24%. The developed transethosomal hydrogel containing hydroxypropyl methylcellulose was homogeneous, pseudoplastic, and demonstrated sustained drug release. Furthermore, it exhibited improved flux (12.61±0.45 μg.cm2/second), apparent skin permeability (2.43±0.008×10-6 cm/second), and skin deposition compared to free GE hydrogel. In vivo testing and histopathological examination revealed that the GE transethosomal hydrogel exhibited significant inhibition of edema swelling compared to free GE hydrogel and ketoprofen gel. The animals that were treated with ginger transethosome hydrogel showed a significant decrement in reactive oxygen species and prostaglandin E2 compared to untreated animals. Conclusion Transethosomes might be a promising new vehicle for GE for effective skin permeation and anti-inflammation. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first utilization of transethosomes laden into hydrogel as a novel transdermal delivery system of GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer S Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
- Correspondence: Abeer S Hassan, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt, Tel +201012060262, Email
| | - Amal Hofni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A S Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Iman A M Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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15
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Sun W, Feng Y, Li H, He X, Lu Y, Shan Z, Teng W, Li J. The effects of maternal anti-alpha-enolase antibody expression on the brain development in offspring. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:187-198. [PMID: 36149061 PMCID: PMC9750830 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-alpha-enolase autoantibodies have not only been found to play an important role in autoimmune diseases but also cause neurological damage in adults. In this study, a pregnant mouse model with high serum alpha-enolase (ENO1)-specific antibody (ENO1Ab) was established by immunization with ENO1 protein to explore the effects of maternal circulatory ENO1Ab on the brain development in offspring. The pups showed impaired learning and memory abilities with obviously thinner tight junctions in the brain tissue. IgG deposits colocalized with both ENO1 protein and complement 3 (C3), and the membrane attack complex was obviously detectable in the brain tissues of pups from dams with high serum ENO1Ab expression. Our findings suggest that highly expressed ENO1Ab in the maternal circulation can pass through the blood-placenta-barrier and the compromised blood-brain barrier into the brain tissues of offspring and may cause neurological development impairment mainly through complement-dependent cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Yan Feng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Yihan Lu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Zhongyan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Weiping Teng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang110001, PR China
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Improved Topical Drug Delivery: Role of Permeation Enhancers and Advanced Approaches. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122818. [PMID: 36559311 PMCID: PMC9785322 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The delivery of drugs via transdermal routes is an attractive approach due to ease of administration, bypassing of the first-pass metabolism, and the large skin surface area. However, a major drawback is an inability to surmount the skin's stratum corneum (SC) layer. Therefore, techniques reversibly modifying the stratum corneum have been a classical approach. Surmounting the significant barrier properties of the skin in a well-organised, momentary, and harmless approach is still challenging. Chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) with higher activity are associated with certain side effects restricting their advancement in transdermal drug delivery. Furthermore, complexity in the interaction of CPEs with the skin has led to difficulty in elucidating the mechanism of action. Nevertheless, CPEs-aided transdermal drug delivery will accomplish its full potential due to advancements in analytical techniques, synthetic chemistry, and combinatorial studies. This review focused on techniques such as drug-vehicle interaction, vesicles and their analogues, and novel CPEs such as lipid synthesis inhibitors (LSIs), cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), and ionic liquids (ILs). In addition, different types of microneedles, including 3D-printed microneedles, have been focused on in this review.
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17
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Zaki RM, Seshadri VD, Mutayran AS, Elsawaf LA, Hamad AM, Almurshedi AS, Yusif RM, Said M. Wound Healing Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Transethosomal Gel, I Optimal Optimization, Histological and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112521. [PMID: 36432712 PMCID: PMC9692372 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to make a formulation and statistical optimization of transethosomal formulations of rosuvastatin (ROS) to enhance its topical wound healing efficiency. Design-Expert® software was used to employ I optimal design. The formulation variables in the study were surfactant concentration (%w/v), ethanol concentration (%w/v) and surfactant type (span 60 or tween 80), while the dependent responses were entrapment efficiency percent (EE%), vesicle size (VS) and zeta potential (ZP). The numerical optimization process employed by the design expert software resulted in an optimum formula composed of 0.819439 (%w/v) span 60, 40 (%w/v) ethanol and 100 mg lecithin with a desirability of 0.745. It showed a predicted EE% value of 66.5517 vs. 277.703 nm and a ZP of -33. When it was prepared and validated, it showed less than a 5% deviation from the predicted values. The optimum formula was subjected to further characterizations, such as DSC, XRD, TEM, in vitro release, the effect of aging and wound healing efficiency. The DSC thermogram made a confirmation of the compatibility of ROS with the ingredients used in the formulation. XRD showed the encapsulation of ROS in the transethosomal vesicles. The TEM image pointed out the spherical nature of the nanovesicles with the absence of aggregation. Additionally, the optimum formula revealed an enhancement of drug release in comparison with the drug suspension. It also showed good stability for one month. Furthermore, it revealed good wound healing efficiency when compared with the standard silver sulphadiazine (1% w/w) ointment or the drug-loaded gel, which could be related to the enhanced penetration of the nanosized vesicles of TESMs into the skin, which enhances the wound healing process. So, it could be regarded as a promising carrier of ROS for the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-540-617-870
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud S. Mutayran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lara A. Elsawaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M. Hamad
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Health Sciences, AL-Rayan Colleges, Al-Hijra Road, Madinah Al Munawwarah 42541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S. Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mohammad Yusif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30039, Madinah Al Munawwarah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Allam AA, Fathalla D, Safwat MA, Soliman GM. Transferosomes versus transethosomes for the dermal delivery for minoxidil: Preparation and in vitro/ex vivo appraisal. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Jamshaid H, Din FU, Malik M, Mukhtiar M, Choi HG, Ur-Rehman T, Khan GM. A cutback in Imiquimod cutaneous toxicity; comparative cutaneous toxicity analysis of Imiquimod nanotransethosomal gel with 5% marketed cream on the BALB/c mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14244. [PMID: 35987944 PMCID: PMC9392762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18671-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, Imiquimod (IMQ) was incorporated in nanotransethosomes (nTES) to develop the IMQ-nTES nano-drug delivery system. IMQ-nTES was optimized using 23 factorial design. The optimized formulation was expressed with a particle size of 192.4 ± 1.60 nm, Poly-dispersibility of 0.115 ± 0.008, and IMQ percent entrapment efficiency of 91.05 ± 3.22%. Smooth and round morphology of IMQ-nTES vesicles was confirmed by TEM micrographs. Moreover, FTIR results have shown drug-excipient compatibility. The IMQ-nTES was laden inside the low molecular weight chitosan gel, which exhibited easy application, spreadability and no irritation to the applied skin. The release pattern has clearly exhibited improved dissolution properties of IMQ with the provision of the sustain release pattern. Higher IMQ content was deposited in deeper epidermis and dermis with IMQ-nTES gel, in contrast to ALDARA. In vivo, comparative toxicity study on BALB/c mice has shown significantly reduced (p < 0.001) psoriatic area severity index (PASI) score and less increment in ear thickness. Epidermal hyperplasia was an obvious finding with ALDARA which was, providentially, minimal in IMQ-nTES gel-treated skin. FTIR analysis of skin tissue has shown an enhancement of lipid and protein content in the ALDARA group, however, in the IMQ-nTES group no such change was observed. With ALDARA application, CD4+ T-cells and constitutive NF-κβ expression were significantly elevated, in comparison to the IMQ-nTES gel treated group. Moreover, the adequate expression of IFN-γ and cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells were suggesting the preserved IMQ efficacy with IMQ-nTES gel. Quantification of cutaneous as well as systemic inflammatory markers has also suggested the reduced psoriatic potential of IMQ-nTES gel. In essence, IMQ-nTES gel can be a suitable alternative to ALDARA owing to its better safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Humzah Jamshaid
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Maimoona Malik
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mukhtiar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, AJK, Pakistan
| | - Han Gon Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, 15588, South Korea.
| | - Tofeeq Ur-Rehman
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
- Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
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Ferrara F, Benedusi M, Cervellati F, Sguizzato M, Montesi L, Bondi A, Drechsler M, Pula W, Valacchi G, Esposito E. Dimethyl Fumarate-Loaded Transethosomes: A Formulative Study and Preliminary Ex Vivo and In Vivo Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158756. [PMID: 35955900 PMCID: PMC9369351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, transethosomes were investigated as potential delivery systems for dimethyl fumarate. A formulative study was performed investigating the effect of the composition of transethosomes on the morphology and size of vesicles, as well as drug entrapment capacity, using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, photon correlation spectroscopy, and HPLC. The stability of vesicles was evaluated, both for size increase and capability to control the drug degradation. Drug release kinetics and permeability profiles were evaluated in vitro using Franz cells, associated with different synthetic membranes. The in vitro viability, as well as the capacity to improve wound healing, were evaluated in human keratinocytes. Transmission electron microscopy enabled the evaluation of transethosome uptake and intracellular fate. Based on the obtained results, a transethosome gel was further formulated for the cutaneous application of dimethyl fumarate, the safety of which was evaluated in vivo with a patch test. It was found that the phosphatidylcholine concentration affected vesicle size and lamellarity, influencing the capacity to control dimethyl fumarate’s chemical stability and release kinetics. Indeed, phosphatidylcholine 2.7% w/w led to multivesicular vesicles with 344 nm mean size, controlling the drug’s chemical stability for at least 90 days. Conversely, phosphatidylcholine 0.9% w/w resulted in 130 nm sized unilamellar vesicles, which maintained 55% of the drug over 3 months. These latest kinds of transethosomes were able to improve wound healing in vitro and were easily internalised by keratinocytes. The selected transethosome gel, loading 25 mg/mL dimethyl fumarate, was not irritant after cutaneous application under occlusion, suggesting its possible suitability in the treatment of wounds caused by diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mascia Benedusi
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Franco Cervellati
- Department of Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maddalena Sguizzato
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Leda Montesi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Agnese Bondi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Markus Drechsler
- Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI) Keylab “Electron and Optical Microscopy”, University of Bayreuth, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Walter Pula
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Animal Science Department, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Elisabetta Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, I-44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Mascarenhas-Melo F, Gonçalves MBS, Peixoto D, Pawar KD, Bell V, Chavda VP, Zafar H, Raza F, Paiva-Santos AC, Paiva-Santos AC. Application of nanotechnology in management and treatment of diabetic wounds. J Drug Target 2022; 30:1034-1054. [PMID: 35735061 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2092624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are one of the most common health problems worldwide, enhancing the demand for new management strategies. Nanotechnology, as a developing subject in diabetic wound healing, is proving to be a promising and effective tool in treatment and care. It is, therefore, necessary to ascertain the available and distinct nanosystems and evaluate their performance when topically applied to the injury site, especially in diabetic wound healing. Several active ingredients, including bioactive ingredients, growth factors, mesenchymal stem cells, nucleic acids, and drugs, benefit from improved properties when loaded into nanosystems. Given the risk of problems associated with systemic administration, the topical application should be considered, provided stability and efficacy are assured. After nanoencapsulation, active ingredients-loaded nanosystems have been showing remarkable features of biocompatibility, healing process hastening, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix compounds synthesis stimulation, contributing to a decrease in wound inflammation. Despite limitations, nanotechnology has attracted widespread attention in the scientific community and seems to be a valuable technological ally in the treatment and dressing of diabetic wounds. The use of nanotechnology in topical applications enables efficient delivery of the active ingredients to the specific skin site, increasing their bioavailability, stability, and half-life time, without compromising their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mascarenhas-Melo
- Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Beatriz S Gonçalves
- Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Diana Peixoto
- Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Kiran D Pawar
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Victoria Bell
- Laboratory of Social Pharmacy and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vivek P Chavda
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, L M College of Pharmacy, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Hajra Zafar
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Faisal Raza
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Drug Development and Technology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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22
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Farooq M, Usman F, Zaib S, Shah HS, Jamil QA, Akbar Sheikh F, Khan A, Rabea S, Hagras SAA, El-Saber Batiha G, Khan I. Fabrication and Evaluation of Voriconazole Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Enhanced Antifungal and Antileishmanial Activity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103347. [PMID: 35630825 PMCID: PMC9144605 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Voriconazole (VRC) is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent belonging to BCS class II (biopharmaceutical classification system). Despite many efforts to enhance its solubility, this primary issue still remains challenging for formulation scientists. Transethosomes (TELs) are one of the potential innovative nano-carriers for improving the solubility and permeation of poorly soluble and permeable drugs. We herein report voriconazole-loaded transethosomes (VRCT) fabricated by the cold method and followed by their incorporation into carbopol 940 as a gel. The prepared VRCT were evaluated for % yield, % entrapment efficiency (EE), surface morphology, possible chemical interaction, particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI). The optimized formulation had a particle size of 228.2 nm, a zeta potential of −26.5 mV, and a PDI of 0.45 with enhanced % EE. Rheology, spreadability, extrudability, in vitro release, skin permeation, molecular docking, antifungal, and antileishmanial activity were also assessed for VRCT and VRC loaded transethosomal gel (VTEG). Ex-vivo permeation using rat skin depicted a transdermal flux of 22.8 µg/cm2/h with enhanced efficiency up to 4-fold. A two-fold reduction in inhibitory as well as fungicidal concentration was observed against various fungal strains by VRCT and VTEG besides similar results against L-donovani. The development of transethosomal formulation can serve as an efficient drug delivery system through a topical route with enhanced efficacy and better patient compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudassir Farooq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan;
| | - Faisal Usman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 66000, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (F.U.); (H.S.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
| | - Hamid Saeed Shah
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (F.U.); (H.S.S.); (I.K.)
| | - Qazi Adnan Jamil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawapur, Bahawalpur 66000, Pakistan;
| | | | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa 616, Oman;
| | - Sameh Rabea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Soheir A. A. Hagras
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Inaya Medical Colleges, Riyadh 11352, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Drug Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo 11787, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Albeheira, Egypt;
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, UK
- Correspondence: (F.U.); (H.S.S.); (I.K.)
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23
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Ultra deformable vesicles for boosting transdermal delivery of 2-arylpropionic acid class drug for management of musculoskeletal pain. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Does the technical methodology influence the quality attributes and the potential of skin permeation of Luliconazole loaded transethosomes? J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Yang J, Ma Y, Luo Q, Liang Z, Lu P, Song F, Zhang Z, Zhou T, Zhang J. Improving the solubility of vorinostat using cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: The physicochemical characteristics, corneal permeability and ocular pharmacokinetics of the drug after topical application. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 168:106078. [PMID: 34838620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Vorinostat (suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, SAHA), an FDA-approved drug for cutaneous T cell lymphoma, has antiangiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity and thus has therapeutic potential for inflammatory corneal neovascularization (CNV). However, its practical administration is limited due to its poor aqueous solubility and permeability. This study aimed to enhance the corneal permeability of SAHA by promoting its inclusion into a complex with hydroxypropyl-β-CD (HPβCD) for topical application. In phase-solubility studies, the solubility of SAHA with HPβCD and sulfobutyl ether-β-CD (SEβCD) was assessed at different temperatures, and complexation efficiencies (K) were calculated. The inclusion complexes (ICs) were prepared and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectrometry (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) after freeze-drying. The phase-solubility study showed that the complexation efficiencies of SAHA were higher in HPβCD solutions (297.35 M-1, 115.28 M-1 and 122.75 M-1) than in SEβCD solutions (169.75 M-1, 91.33 M-1 and 96.49 M-1) at 4 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C. HPβCD was selected for SAHA-IC preparation, and characterization revealed IC formation. SAHA existed in an amorphous state in the ICs. The ex vivo corneal permeability of SAHA was also evaluated and found to be greater when formulated as an HPβCD solution than as a suspension. Irritation assays in rabbit eyes showed that the SAHA-IC solution was not irritating after topical application. The ocular pharmacokinetics of SAHA in New Zealand White rabbits were assessed following topical administration (0.2%), and a 0.2% SAHA suspension was used as the control. Compared to its formulation as a suspension, the formulation of SAHA as an HPβCD solution increased its corneal bioavailability by more than 3-fold and its conjunctival bioavailability by more than 2-fold. Thus, IC formation was effective at improving the ocular bioavailability of SAHA. This study provides an important alternative approach for developing liquid pharmaceutical formulations of SAHA for topical ocular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Yang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Fei Song
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Tianyang Zhou
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 7 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
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26
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Ruan S, Zhang Y, Feng N. Microneedle-mediated transdermal nanodelivery systems: a review. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8065-8089. [PMID: 34752590 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01249e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The greatest limitation in the development of transdermal drug delivery systems is that only a few drugs can permeate the skin due to the barrier function of the stratum corneum. Active and passive methods are generally available for improving the ability of drug transdermal delivery. However, nanoparticles, as a passive approach, exhibit capacity-constrained permeation enhancement. Thus, microneedle-mediated nanoparticles possess enormous potential and broad prospects. Microneedles promote the penetration of macromolecules by creating microchannels on the skin surface. In this review, the prevailing subknowledge on microneedles (mechanism, classification, and applications of microneedles combined with nanoparticles) is discussed to provide a guideline for readers and a basic reference for further in-depth studies of this novel drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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27
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Yasmeen, Iqubal MK, Khan MA, Agarwal NB, Ali J, Baboota S. Nanoformulations-based advancement in the delivery of phytopharmaceuticals for skin cancer management. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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28
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Despotopoulou D, Lagopati N, Pispas S, Gazouli M, Demetzos C, Pippa N. The technology of transdermal delivery nanosystems: from design and development to preclinical studies. Int J Pharm 2021; 611:121290. [PMID: 34788674 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal administration has gained much attention due to the remarkable advantages such as patient compliance, drug escape from first-pass elimination, favorable pharmacokinetic profile and prolonged release properties. However, the major limitation of these systems is the limited skin penetration of the stratum corneum, the skin's most important barrier, which protects the body from the insertion of substances from the environment. Transdermal drug delivery systems are aiming to the disruption of the stratum corneum in order for the active pharmaceutical ingredients to enter successfully the circulation. Therefore, nanoparticles are holding a great promise because they can act as effective penetration enhancers due to their small size and other physicochemical properties that will be analyzed thoroughly in this report. Apart from the investigation of the physicochemical parameters, a comparison between the different types of nanoparticles will be performed. The complexity of skin anatomy and the unclear mechanisms of penetration should be taken into consideration to reach some realistic conclusions regarding the way that the described parameters affect the skin permeability. To the best of the authors knowledge, this is among the few reports on the literature describing the technology of transdermal delivery systems and how this technology affects the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Despotopoulou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nefeli Lagopati
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Laboratory of Biology, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Demetzos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
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29
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Gaynanova G, Vasileva L, Kashapov R, Kuznetsova D, Kushnazarova R, Tyryshkina A, Vasilieva E, Petrov K, Zakharova L, Sinyashin O. Self-Assembling Drug Formulations with Tunable Permeability and Biodegradability. Molecules 2021; 26:6786. [PMID: 34833877 PMCID: PMC8624506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on key topics in the field of drug delivery related to the design of nanocarriers answering the biomedicine criteria, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, and the ability to overcome biological barriers. For these reasons, much attention is paid to the amphiphile-based carriers composed of natural building blocks, lipids, and their structural analogues and synthetic surfactants that are capable of self-assembly with the formation of a variety of supramolecular aggregates. The latter are dynamic structures that can be used as nanocontainers for hydrophobic drugs to increase their solubility and bioavailability. In this section, biodegradable cationic surfactants bearing cleavable fragments are discussed, with ester- and carbamate-containing analogs, as well as amino acid derivatives received special attention. Drug delivery through the biological barriers is a challenging task, which is highlighted by the example of transdermal method of drug administration. In this paper, nonionic surfactants are primarily discussed, including their application for the fabrication of nanocarriers, their surfactant-skin interactions, the mechanisms of modulating their permeability, and the factors controlling drug encapsulation, release, and targeted delivery. Different types of nanocarriers are covered, including niosomes, transfersomes, invasomes and chitosomes, with their morphological specificity, beneficial characteristics and limitations discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulnara Gaynanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov Street 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia; (L.V.); (R.K.); (D.K.); (R.K.); (A.T.); (E.V.); (K.P.); (L.Z.); (O.S.)
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30
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El-Zaafarany GM, Nasr M. Insightful exploring of advanced nanocarriers for the topical/transdermal treatment of skin diseases. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:1136-1157. [PMID: 34751091 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.2004606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Dermatological products constitute a big segment of the pharmaceutical market. From conventional products to more advanced ones, a wide variety of dosage forms have been developed till current date. A representative of the advanced delivery means is carrier-based systems, which can load large number of drugs for treatment of dermatological diseases, or simply for cosmeceutical purposes. To make them more favorable for topical delivery, further incorporation of these carriers in a topical vehicle, such as gels or creams is made. Therefore in this review article, an overview is compiled of the most commonly encountered novel carrier based topical delivery systems; namely lipid based (nanoemulsions, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles [SLNs] and nanostructured lipid carriers [NLCs]), and vesicular carriers (non-deformable, such as liposomes, niosomes, emulsomes and cerosomes, and deformable, such as transfersomes, ethosomes, transethosomes, and penetration enhancer vesicles), with special emphasis on those loaded in a secondary gel vehicle. A special focus was made on the commonly encountered dermatological diseases, such as bacterial and fungal infections, psoriasis, dermatitis, eczema, vitiligo, oxidative damage, aging, alopecia, and skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada M El-Zaafarany
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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31
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Sahu AN, Mohapatra D. Nanovesicular transferosomes for the topical delivery of plant bioactives. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2491-2495. [PMID: 34743593 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alakh N Sahu
- Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debadatta Mohapatra
- Phytomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
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32
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El-Hashemy HA. Design, formulation and optimization of topical ethosomes using full factorial design: in-vitro and ex-vivo characterization. J Liposome Res 2021; 32:74-82. [PMID: 34697998 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2021.1955925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop lomefloxacin-loaded ethosomal vesicles intended to be applied topically for treating skin infections. Ethosomes were prepared using the cold method. The formulation variables were optimized using 22 factorial design and Design Expert® software for analyzing the data statistically and graphically using response surface plots. Phosphatidylcholine (X1) and ethanol (X2) were chosen as the independent variables, while the dependent variables comprised entrapment efficiency (Y1), vesicles size (Y2) and zeta potential (Y3). The optimized ethosomes were subsequently incorporated into Carbopol® 940 gel and characterized for rheological behaviour, in-vitro release, ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition. The ex-vivo permeation and skin deposition studies showed better results compared to drug solutions. In a nutshell, the ethosomal vesicles were found to be a promising carrier demonstrating enhanced topical delivery of lomefloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer A El-Hashemy
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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33
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Nayak D, Tippavajhala VK. A Comprehensive Review on Preparation, Evaluation and Applications of Deformable Liposomes. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:186-205. [PMID: 34400952 PMCID: PMC8170744 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.112878.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Elastic or deformable liposomes are phospholipid-based vesicular drug delivery systems that help improve the delivery of therapeutic agents through the intact skin membrane due to their deformable characteristics that overcome the problems of conventional liposomes. In the present review, different types of deformable liposomes such as transfersomes, ethosomes, menthosomes, invasomes and transethosome are studied, and their mechanism of action, characterization, preparation methods, and applications in pharmaceutical technology through topical, transdermal, nasal and oral routes for effective drug delivery are compared for their potential transdermal delivery of poorly permeable drugs. Due to the deformable characteristics of these vehicles, it resulted in modulation of increased drug encapsulation efficiency, permeation and penetration of the drug into or through the skin membrane and are found to be more effective than conventional drug delivery systems. So deformable liposomes can, therefore, be considered as a promising way of delivering the drugs transdermally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devika Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Vamshi Krishna Tippavajhala
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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34
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Vellasamy S, Murugan D, Abas R, Alias A, Seng WY, Woon CK. Biological Activities of Paeonol in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:4976. [PMID: 34443563 PMCID: PMC8400614 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeonol is a naturally existing bioactive compound found in the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa and it is traditionally used in Chinese medicine for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. To date, a great deal of studies has been reported on the pharmacological effects of paeonol and its mechanisms of action in various diseases and conditions. In this review, the underlying mechanism of action of paeonol in cardiovascular disease has been elucidated. Recent studies have revealed that paeonol treatment improved endothelium injury, demoted inflammation, ameliorated oxidative stress, suppressed vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and repressed platelet activation. Paeonol has been reported to effectively protect the cardiovascular system either employed alone or in combination with other traditional medicines, thus, signifying it could be a hypothetically alternative or complementary atherosclerosis treatment. This review summarizes the biological and pharmacological activities of paeonol in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and its associated underlying mechanisms for a better insight for future clinical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Vellasamy
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarum 42610, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Dharmani Murugan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Razif Abas
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Aspalilah Alias
- Department of Basic Sciences and Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;
- Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Wu Yuan Seng
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Choy Ker Woon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh 47000, Selangor, Malaysia
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35
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Lipid-Based Vesicles: a Non-invasive Tool for Transdermal Drug Delivery. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-021-09572-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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36
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Wang Y, Wang R, Qi X, Li W, Guan Q, Wang R, Li X, Li Y, Yang Z, Feng Y. Novel transethosomes for the delivery of brucine and strychnine: Formulation optimization, characterization and in vitro evaluation in hepatoma cells. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Wu M, Yu Z, Li X, Zhang X, Wang S, Yang S, Hu L, Liu L. Paeonol for the Treatment of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Pharmacological and Mechanistic Overview. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:690116. [PMID: 34368250 PMCID: PMC8333700 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.690116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With improvement in living standards and average life expectancy, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease incidences and mortality have been increasing annually. Paeonia suffruticosa, a natural herb, has been used for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease for thousands of years in Eastern countries. Paeonol is an active ingredient extracted from Paeonia suffruticosa. Previous studies have extensively explored the clinical benefits of paeonol. However, comprehensive reviews on the cardiovascular protective effects of paeonol have not been conducted. The current review summarizes studies reporting on the protective effects of paeonol on the cardiovascular system. This study includes studies published in the last 10 years. The biological characteristics of Paeonia suffruticosa, pharmacological mechanisms of paeonol, and its toxicological and pharmacokinetic characteristics were explored. The findings of this study show that paeonol confers protection against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease through various mechanisms, including inflammation, platelet aggregation, lipid metabolism, mitochondria damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, and non-coding RNA. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the cardiovascular benefits of paeonol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongliang Yu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoya Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songzi Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanqing Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Longtao Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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38
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Wang F, Shan Q, Chang X, Li Z, Gui S. Paeonol-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as an oral drug delivery system: Design, optimization and evaluation. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120617. [PMID: 33887394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a novel type of NPs by loading paeonol (Pae) into PLGA NPs, to enhance drug stability and oral bioavailability. The paeonol (Pae)-loaded polylactic-co-Gly-colic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (Pae-PLGA-NPs) were prepared by nanoprecipitation method. The resultant NPs were in spherical shape with an average particle size around 237.7 ± 4.92 nm, and the PDI and zeta potential were 0.110 ± 0.01 and -25.33 ± 1.37 mV, respectively. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) and drug loading (DL) of the Pae-PLGA-NPs were 86.26 ± 1.12 and 12.74 ± 0.37% respectively. The in vitro drug release, in vivo pharmacokinetics and in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion (SPIPs) of Pae-PLGA-NPs was investigated. In vivo, the AUC(0-t), C max, MRT(0-t), and T1/2z of the Pae-PLGA-NPs group were 3.79-, 1.89-, 1.40- and 1.49-fold greater than those of the Pae suspension group, respectively. The in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion of NPs results showed the Ka values in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon were 1.12-, 1.40-, 1.52- and 2.21-fold higher than those of Pae solution, respectively. Moreover, the Papp values of the ileum and colon were 1.27- and 1.31-fold higher than those of the solution group. Such findings suggested the Pae-PLGA-NPs can significantly improve the intestinal absorption characteristics, and have a beneficial effect on oral administration as a nanometer-sized carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiangwei Chang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics Anhui Education Department (AUCM), China
| | - Zhenbao Li
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics Anhui Education Department (AUCM), China
| | - Shuangying Gui
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Modernized Pharmaceutics Anhui Education Department (AUCM), China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Application (Anhui University of Chinese Medicine), Hefei, China.
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Bhat M, Pukale S, Singh S, Mittal A, Chitkara D. Nano-enabled topical delivery of anti-psoriatic small molecules. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Rodríguez-Luna A, Talero E, Ávila-Román J, Romero AMF, Rabasco AM, Motilva V, González-Rodríguez ML. Preparation and In Vivo Evaluation of Rosmarinic Acid-Loaded Transethosomes After Percutaneous Application on a Psoriasis Animal Model. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:103. [PMID: 33712964 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-01966-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The topical use of rosmarinic acid (RA) in skin inflammatory pathologies is restricted due to its poor water solubility, poor permeability, and chemical instability. In this study, RA-loaded transethosomes-in-Carbopol® formulations have been developed to evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity on imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in mice. In vitro release profiles demonstrated sustained behavior due to the retentive action of gel and the entrapment of RA into the vesicles. However, the low viscosity of the combined formulation increased the drug release rate. Animal evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity demonstrated that transethosomes-in-gel containing dexamethasone (Dex-TE-Gel), as positive control, showed effect in all the pro-inflammatory parameters evaluated, evidencing that these drug-loaded nanocarriers have been effectively reached the site of action. In addition, transethosomes-in-gel containing RA (RA-TE-Gel) formulations produced a great reduction in the punch edema (P < 0.001) and in TNF-α and IL-6 (P < 0.05). However, non-significant differences were obtained for IL-1β, IL17, and MPO. Despite the protecting effect of Carbopol® and transethosomes on oxidation index and antioxidant activity of RA over the 7 days of treatment, however, a degradation process of this antioxidant to caffeic acid may be the cause of these in vivo results. We have also checked that the pH existing into the intercellular space of damaged cells (pH 6.8) may be affecting. Therefore, our results suggest that RA-TE-Gel could act as an effective RA formulation for skin delivery; further studies will help to understand the loss of activity at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Javier Ávila-Román
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ana María Fernández Romero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Prof. García González, 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio M Rabasco
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Prof. García González, 2, 41012, Seville, Spain
| | - Virginia Motilva
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - María Luisa González-Rodríguez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/ Prof. García González, 2, 41012, Seville, Spain.
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Enhancement strategies for transdermal drug delivery systems: current trends and applications. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 12:758-791. [PMID: 33474709 PMCID: PMC7817074 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00909-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems have become an intriguing research topic in pharmaceutical technology area and one of the most frequently developed pharmaceutical products in global market. The use of these systems can overcome associated drawbacks of other delivery routes, such as oral and parenteral. The authors will review current trends, and future applications of transdermal technologies, with specific focus on providing a comprehensive understanding of transdermal drug delivery systems and enhancement strategies. This article will initially discuss each transdermal enhancement method used in the development of first-generation transdermal products. These methods include drug/vehicle interactions, vesicles and particles, stratum corneum modification, energy-driven methods and stratum corneum bypassing techniques. Through suitable design and implementation of active stratum corneum bypassing methods, notably microneedle technology, transdermal delivery systems have been shown to deliver both low and high molecular weight drugs. Microneedle technology platforms have proven themselves to be more versatile than other transdermal systems with opportunities for intradermal delivery of drugs/biotherapeutics and therapeutic drug monitoring. These have shown that microneedles have been a prospective strategy for improving transdermal delivery systems.
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Kassem AA, Abd El-Alim SH. Vesicular Nanocarriers: A Potential Platform for Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery. NANOPHARMACEUTICALS: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS VOL. 2 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-44921-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Transdermal Delivery Systems of Natural Products Applied to Skin Therapy and Care. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215051. [PMID: 33143260 PMCID: PMC7662758 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are favored because of their non-toxicity, low irritants, and market reacceptance. We collected examples, according to ancient wisdom, of natural products to be applied in transdermal delivery. A transdermal delivery system, including different types of agents, such as ointments, patches, and gels, has long been used for skin concerns. In recent years, many novel transdermal applications, such as nanoemulsions, liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, and microneedles, have been reported. Nanosized drug delivery systems are widely applied in natural product deliveries. Nanosized materials notably enhance bioavailability and solubility, and are reported to improve the transdermal permeation of many substances compared with conventional topical formulations. Natural products have been made into nanosized biomaterials in order to enhance the penetration effect. Before introducing the novel transdermal applications of natural products, we present traditional methods within this article. The descriptions of novel transdermal applications are classified into three parts: liposomes, emulsions, and lipid nanoparticles. Each section describes cases that are related to promising natural product transdermal use. Finally, we summarize the outcomes of various studies on novel transdermal agents applied to skin treatments.
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Chacko IA, Ghate VM, Dsouza L, Lewis SA. Lipid vesicles: A versatile drug delivery platform for dermal and transdermal applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 195:111262. [PMID: 32736123 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Topical and transdermal application of active pharmaceutical ingredients to the skin is an attractive strategy being explored by formulation scientists to treat disease conditions rather than the oral drug delivery. Several approaches have been attempted, and many of them have emerged with significant clinical potential. However, the delivery of drugs across the skin is an arduous task due to permeation limiting barriers. It, therefore, requires the aid of external agents or carrier systems for efficient permeation. Lipid-based vesicular systems are carriers for the transport of drugs through the stratum corneum (dermal drug delivery) and into the bloodstream for systemic action (transdermal drug delivery) overcoming the barrier properties. This review article describes the various vesicular systems reported for skin delivery of actives with relevant case studies. The vesicular systems presented here are in the order of their advent from conventional systems to the advanced lipid vesicles. The design and development of drugs in vesicular systems have brought a new dimension to the treatment of disease conditions overcoming the permeation limiting barriers, thus improving its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indhu A Chacko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Vivek M Ghate
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Leonna Dsouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shaila A Lewis
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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Potential treatment of arthritis with an optimized Mometasone Furoate loaded-ethosomal gel in carrageenan-induced rat joint arthritis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bhardwaj P, Tripathi P, Gupta R, Pandey S. Niosomes: A review on niosomal research in the last decade. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Adki KM, Kulkarni YA. Chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology and recent novel drug delivery systems of paeonol. Life Sci 2020; 250:117544. [PMID: 32179072 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Paeonol is a bioactive phenol present in Dioscorea japonica, Paeonia suffruticosa and Paeonia lactiflora. It is reported for various pharmacological activities. AIM To review chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacological activities as well as various formulations of paeonol. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was done using different search terms for paeonol by using different scientific databases like PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest. Scientific papers published during the period 1969 to 2019 were comprehensively reviewed. KEY FINDINGS Researchers have synthesized methoxy, ethoxy, piperazine, chromonylthiazolidine, phenol-phenylsulfonyl, alkyl ether, aminothiazole, tryptamine hybrids and paeononlsilatie derivatives to enhance the stability of paeonol. These derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for in vitro series of biological activities like anti-inflammatory, tyrosinase inhibitory, neuroprotective, anticancer and antiviral activity. Regardless of valuable therapeutic potential, the clinical use of paeonol is restricted due to poor water solubility, low oral bioavailability, low stability and high volatility at room temperature. To enhance the bioavailability of paeonol various formulations are prepared and evaluated for its activity. Paeonol formulations can be categorized as conventional-tablets, topical gel and hydrogel; polymeric delivery system-microparticles, microsponges, dendrimers, nanocapsules, polymeric nanoparticles, nanospheres; lipid-based delivery systems-microemulsion, self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery, liposome, transethosomes, ethosomes, niosomes, proniosomes, lipid-based nanoparticles and nanoemulsion of paeonol. SIGNIFICANCE Paeonol has a potential to be developed as a techno-commercial product with respect to its multi-faceted pharmacological properties. Even though in vitro and in vivo studies have been reported the important activities of paeonol, its commercial utilization requires extensive safety and efficacy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri M Adki
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India
| | - Yogesh A Kulkarni
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai 400056, India.
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Rabiei M, Kashanian S, Samavati SS, Jamasb S, McInnes SJP. Nanomaterial and advanced technologies in transdermal drug delivery. J Drug Target 2019; 28:356-367. [DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1693579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Rabiei
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soheila Kashanian
- Faculty of Chemistry, Sensor and Biosensor Research Center (SBRC) & Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center (NNRC), Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Shahriar Jamasb
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Steven J. P. McInnes
- School of Engineering, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Manickam B, Sreedharan R, Chidambaram K. Drug/Vehicle Impacts and Formulation Centered Stratagems for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Permeation, Controlled Release and Safety: Unparalleled Past and Recent Innovations-An Overview. CURRENT DRUG THERAPY 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1574885514666190212113754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are one of the fascinating unconventional drug delivery systems offering plentiful advantages of which patient compliance is of paramount importance. However, as a matter of fact, the transdermal delivery of drug molecules is absolutely a tedious job which is precisely influenced by a number of factors including penetration barrier properties of the skin, drug characteristics formulation allied issues, etc. Over the years, innumerable tremendous efforts have been made in transporting the drugs through the skin into the systemic circulation by noteworthy tactics. This paper discusses such revolutionary formulation based techniques that have been endeavored in achieving the enhanced skin permeation of drugs, controlled release, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamurugan Manickam
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Nursing, University of Nizwa, Initial Campus, Birkat Al Mouz, Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, PC 616, Oman
| | - Rajesh Sreedharan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No-1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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