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Li Z, Geng Y, Wu Q, Jin X, Seshadri VD, Liu H. Triptonide, a Diterpenoid Displayed Anti-Inflammation, Antinociceptive, and Anti-Asthmatic Efficacy in Ovalbumin-Induced Mouse Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1736-1751. [PMID: 36383309 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The present study was intended to explore the valuable effects of triptonide on inflammation, asthmatic, and nociceptive. Triptonide possesses numerous beneficial effects extensively managed in the treatment of inflammation disease condition. Initially, triptonide showed anti-inflammation properties over lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Hence, the present study was directed to explore the protecting efficacy of triptonide in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in mice. Asthma was induced intraperitoneally administration (200μL) in female BALB/c mice with suspension which has ovalbumin (100 μg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide (10 mg/mL). Triptonide (30 mg/kg) over OVA-induced experimental animals altered lung mass, nitric oxide, myeloperoxidase, immunoglobulin E status, interleukins (4, 5, and 13) inflammatory cytokines status, and histological modifications. Animals were also managed with the standard drug dexamethasone (50 mg/kg) followed by the asthma induction, which is also efficient over OVA-induced experimental animals. The nociception was provoked in male Swiss mice by various chemicals (acetic acid, capsaicin, and glutamate). The animals were administered with triptonide (5, 10, and 15 mg/kg) and separate standard drugs like diclofenac sodium (10 mg/kg) and morphine (5 mg/kg) over chemical-induced nociceptive animals. The present outcome evidently established that the triptonide considerably reduced the various chemical-induced nociception in mice (Fig. 7A, B, and C). Ultimately, the present work explored the evident powerful anti-inflammation, antinociceptive, and anti-asthma properties of a diterpenoid, triptonide experimental animal models. And it is recommended that triptonide is an excellent compound in the management of asthma and its related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yanhong Geng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, PKU Care Zibo Hospital, Shandong Province, Zibo, 255000, China
| | - Qingke Wu
- Anser Science Joint Laboratory Platform, Anser Press Group, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Anser Science Joint Laboratory Platform, Anser Press Group, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China. .,Department of Anesthesiology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Zhang X, Seshadri VD, Jiang Q. Ameliorative Effects of Ponicidin Against the Isoproterenol-induced Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221139010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of heart disorders, which is a major cause of noncommunicable disease-related mortalities worldwide. Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute disorder due to the poor supply of oxygen and blood to the myocardium. MI is the foremost form of CVD, which is the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Objectives Here, we intended to discover the ameliorative properties of the ponicidin against the isoproterenol (ISO)-stimulated MI in rats. Methodology About 85 mg/kg of ISO was administered to the rats to trigger the MI and then treated with 25 and 50 mg/kg of ponicidin. The body weight and heart weight of all rats were determined. The total protein, c-reactive protein (CRP), and uric acid levels were examined. The activities of cardiac function markers such as creatine kinase (CK), ALT, AST, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were examined. The antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH), GST, and GPx were examined by the previous methods. The status of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase activities was assessed using kits. The status of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions and inflammatory makers such as TNF-α and IL-6 were investigated using respective kits. The histopathological analysis was performed on the heart tissues to detect the histological changes. Results The results revealed that ponicidin increased body weight and decreased heart weight in MI rats. The status of CRP and uric acid was decreased and total protein was augmented in the ponicidin-treated MI rats. The AST, ALT, CK, and GGT activities were appreciably decreased in serum and elevated in the cardiac tissues of the ponicidin-administered MI rats. Furthermore, the ponicidin improved the antioxidant levels, decreased the TNF-α and IL-6, and regulated the Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ion transports in the MI rats. The activities of Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase enzymes were remarkably increased in the heart tissues by the ponicidin-treated MI rats. Ponicidin treatment also ameliorated the ISO-stimulated histological alterations in the heart tissue of the MI rats. Conclusion Ponicidin treatment appreciably improved the antioxidants, Na+/K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ ATPase enzyme activities, decreased the inflammatory markers, and regulated the cardiac marker enzyme activities in the MI rats. Hence, it can be a talented therapeutic candidate in the future to treat MI.
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Zaki RM, Seshadri VD, Mutayran AS, Elsawaf LA, Hamad AM, Almurshedi AS, Yusif RM, Said M. Wound Healing Efficacy of Rosuvastatin Transethosomal Gel, I Optimal Optimization, Histological and In Vivo Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112521. [PMID: 36432712 PMCID: PMC9692372 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to make a formulation and statistical optimization of transethosomal formulations of rosuvastatin (ROS) to enhance its topical wound healing efficiency. Design-Expert® software was used to employ I optimal design. The formulation variables in the study were surfactant concentration (%w/v), ethanol concentration (%w/v) and surfactant type (span 60 or tween 80), while the dependent responses were entrapment efficiency percent (EE%), vesicle size (VS) and zeta potential (ZP). The numerical optimization process employed by the design expert software resulted in an optimum formula composed of 0.819439 (%w/v) span 60, 40 (%w/v) ethanol and 100 mg lecithin with a desirability of 0.745. It showed a predicted EE% value of 66.5517 vs. 277.703 nm and a ZP of -33. When it was prepared and validated, it showed less than a 5% deviation from the predicted values. The optimum formula was subjected to further characterizations, such as DSC, XRD, TEM, in vitro release, the effect of aging and wound healing efficiency. The DSC thermogram made a confirmation of the compatibility of ROS with the ingredients used in the formulation. XRD showed the encapsulation of ROS in the transethosomal vesicles. The TEM image pointed out the spherical nature of the nanovesicles with the absence of aggregation. Additionally, the optimum formula revealed an enhancement of drug release in comparison with the drug suspension. It also showed good stability for one month. Furthermore, it revealed good wound healing efficiency when compared with the standard silver sulphadiazine (1% w/w) ointment or the drug-loaded gel, which could be related to the enhanced penetration of the nanosized vesicles of TESMs into the skin, which enhances the wound healing process. So, it could be regarded as a promising carrier of ROS for the treatment of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-540-617-870
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud S. Mutayran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lara A. Elsawaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abubaker M. Hamad
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Health Sciences, AL-Rayan Colleges, Al-Hijra Road, Madinah Al Munawwarah 42541, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S. Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mohammad Yusif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, P.O. Box 30039, Madinah Al Munawwarah 41477, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mayada Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Jiang G, Mohideen AP, Seshadri VD, Rengarajan T. Biosynthesized tin oxide-sodium alginate-polyethylene glycol-carvacrol nanocomposite shows anticancer activity on esophagus squamous carcinoma cells. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Zaki RM, Aldawsari MF, Alossaimi MA, Alzaid SF, Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Almurshedi AS, Aldosari BN, Yusif RM, Sayed OM. Brain Targeting of Quetiapine Fumarate via Intranasal Delivery of Loaded Lipospheres: Fabrication, In-Vitro Evaluation, Optimization, and In-Vivo Assessment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091083. [PMID: 36145303 PMCID: PMC9501298 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A liposphere system for intranasal delivery of quetiapine fumarate (QTF) was created to assess the potential for enhanced drug delivery. We investigated the effects of particle size, entrapment effectiveness, poly dispersibility index, and pluronic incorporation percentage on these variables. The optimal formula was examined using a TEM, and investigations into DSC, XRD, and FTIR were made. Optimized liposphere formulation in vitro dissolution investigation with a mean diameter of 294.4 ± 18.2 nm revealed about 80% drug release in 6 h. The intranasal injection of QTF-loaded lipospheres showed a shorter Tmax compared to that of intranasal and oral suspension, per the findings of an in vivo tissue distribution investigation in Wistar mice. Lipospheres were able to achieve higher drug transport efficiency (DTE %) and direct nose-to-brain drug transfer (DTP %). A potentially effective method for delivering QTF to specific brain regions is the liposphere system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef P.O. Box 62514, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Alossaimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikah F. Alzaid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanood S. Almurshedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah Nasser Aldosari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Mohammad Yusif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 41411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ossama M. Sayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia 41612, Egypt
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Seshadri VD, Oyouni AAA, Bawazir WM, Alsagaby SA, Alsharif KF, Albrakati A, Al-Amer OM. Zingiberene exerts chemopreventive activity against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-induced breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23146. [PMID: 35698847 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the primary cause of cancer-related death in females, wherein increased mortality of breast cancer patients is recorded worldwide. Zingiberene is a monocyclic sesquiterpene from the ginger plant and has many pharmacological benefits. In this exploration, we assessed the anticancer actions of Zingiberene against the 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-stimulated mammary carcinogenesis in rats and MDA-MB-231 cells. Breast cancer was induced in the Female Sprague-Dawley rats through the 25 mg/kg of DMBA in 0.5 ml of corn oil and then treated with 20 and 40 mg/kg of Zingiberene, respectively. The body weight of animals and tumor volume was measured. Hematological parameters, transaminases, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidants status were scrutinized using standard techniques. The estrogen receptor-α and inflammatory markers were inspected by using respective assay kits. Histological damage scores were determined. In vitro experiments were conducted to scrutinize Zingiberene's effect on cell viability and apoptotic cell death in MDA-MB-231 cells. Zingiberene substantially modulated the DMBA-stimulated physiological and hematological changes and decreased the transaminases, and lipid peroxidation in the DMBA-stimulated animals. Zingiberene also elevated the antioxidant level and suppressed the inflammatory markers. Histological study revealed the protective effects of Zingiberene. The viability of MDA-MB-231 cells was noticeably diminished by the Zingiberene, thus inducing apoptotic cell death. Overall, our findings reliably proved the anticancer potential of Zingiberene against the DMBA-stimulated mammary tumorigenesis, and it could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed M Bawazir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Hematology Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suliman A Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama M Al-Amer
- Genome and Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
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Seshadri VD, Oyouni AAA, Hawsawi YM, Aljohani SAS, Al-Amer O, AlZamzami W, Mufti AH. Chemopreventive role of Tin oxide-Chitosan-Polyethylene glycol-Crocin nanocomposites against Lung cancer: an in vitro and in vivo approach. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang L, Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Abdel Aziz Ibrahim I, Han X, Ou L. Tilianin alleviates airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in mice through the regulation of Th2 cytokines and TGF–β1/Smad markers. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Sundararajan B, Sathishkumar G, Seetharaman PK, Moola AK, Duraisamy SM, Mutayran AASB, Seshadri VD, Thomas A, Ranjitha Kumari BD, Sivaramakrishnan S, Kweka EJ, Zhou Z. Biosynthesized Gold Nanoparticles Integrated Ointment Base for Repellent Activity Against Aedes aegypti L. Neotrop Entomol 2022; 51:151-159. [PMID: 34822111 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-021-00920-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on preparing a nano-ointment base integrated with biogenic gold nanoparticles from Artemisia vulgaris L. leaf extract. As prepared, nano-ointment was characterized by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and the morphology of the nano-ointment was confirmed through a scanning electron microscope. Initially, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide results showed nano-ointment cytocompatibility at different concentrations (20-200 μg/mL) against L929 cells. The in vitro hemolysis assay also revealed that the nano-ointment is biocompatible. Further studies confirmed that nano-ointment has repellent activity with various concentrations (12.5, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm). At 100 ppm concentration, the highest repellent activity was observed at 60-min protection time against the Aedes aegypti L. female mosquitoes. The results indicated that the increasing concentration of nano-ointment prolongs the protection time. Moreover, the outcome of this study provides an alternative nano-ointment to synthetic repellent and insecticides after successful clinical trials. It could be an eco-friendly, safer nano-bio repellent, which can protect from dengue fever mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balasubramani Sundararajan
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | | | | | - Anil Kumar Moola
- Dept of Biotechnology, Aditya Degree and PG College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | | | - Adelina Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | | | | | - Eliningaya J Kweka
- Division of Livestock and Human Diseases Vector Control, Mosquito Section, Tropical Pesticides Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
- Dept of Medical Parasitology and Entomology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Zhiqin Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Gao C, Song Y, Dou T, Jiang S, Wu H, Seshadri VD, Veeraraghavan VP, Hou P. Troxerutin Abrogates Ischemic/Reperfusion-Induced Brain Injury through Ameliorating Oxidative Stress and Neuronal Inflammation by Inhibiting the Expression of NLRP3 in Sprague Dawley Rats. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 2021; 40:11-19. [PMID: 34936296 DOI: 10.1615/jenvironpatholtoxicoloncol.2021038860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic reperfusion (I/R) infarction is mostly associated with serious brain injury, cognitive damage, and neurological deficits. The oxidative stress mechanisms in the neurological region lead to higher reactive oxygen species production followed by oxidative stress, inflammation of neurons, and death of brain cells. The current work aims to evaluate the effect of troxerutin (TXN) on cerebral injury stimulated by I/R-induced ischemic stroke and examines the mechanistic effect of TXN on neuroinflammation in the Sprague Dawley model. The experimental rats were randomized in to four groups: (i) sham control, (ii) I/R + vehicle, (iii) I/R + 10 mg/kg bw TXN, and (iv) I/R + 20 mg/kg bw TXN. In the TXN administration and control, groups were injected intraperitoneally 15 min before reperfusion and every day for 7 days, except the sham group. Orally administered TXN (10 and 20 mg/kg/bw) modulated the water content, lowered the infarct volume, and abrogated score defects of neuron and changes in the brain tissue sample. In our study, the TXN-stimulated cerebral injury exhibited leakage of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH) of the neuronal sample of tissues and showed higher antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, the oxidized form of glutathione peroxidase, and the reduced form of glutathione levels. This biochemical result was additionally proved by histopathological assessment. Changes were made in antioxidant and inflammatory markers expressions interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-4, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor, and cerebral induced rats. The overall findings showed that TXN protected the brain tissues from neuroinflammatory oxidative stress by reducing cerebral injury in Sprague Dawley rats. Further, the messenger RNA expression of cerebral I/R-induced animal tissues down-regulated NLRP3, caspase-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, ASC, IL-1β, and Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). Therefore, the TXN action on TLR3 induced brain stroke is an excellent therapeutic approach for brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Yunfei Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Taotao Dou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Haoze Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600 077, India
| | - Pengfei Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ninth Hospital of Xi'an, Xi'an 710000, China
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Seshadri VD. Brucine promotes apoptosis in cervical cancer cells (ME-180) via suppression of inflammation and cell proliferation by regulating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:1841-1847. [PMID: 34076332 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Brucine are the main constituents of Strychnos nux-vomica. Earlier reports have determined brucine shows anti-inflammatory, analgesic and excellent anti-tumor drug. Even though its anticervical cancer cells remains not clearly evaluated. So that, we hypothesized the anti-cervical cancer activity of brucine against the cervical (ME-180) cells. Brucine inhibited the inflammation, cell proliferation and promoted rate of apoptotic cell death ad reduced the mitochondrial potential, which is evidenced by respective (AO/EB, Rh-123, and PI) staining. Furthermore ELISA and real time PCR reaction determined that brucine were down regulated inflammatory (TNF-α, NF-kB, IL-6 & COX-2) cell proliferation (Cyclin D1) and apoptotic marker Bax, caspase-3, PI3K (phosphoinosital 3 kinase), AKT, mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and over expression Bcl-2, associated death promoter. These findings were confirmed and finally suggested that brucine inhibited inflammation, cell proliferation and promoted the apoptosis through the down-regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Taken together, these data were exhibited brucine as a good therapeutic agents for the prevention of anticancer cervical cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Wei W, Li R, Liu Q, Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Veeraraghavan VP, Surapaneni KM, Rengarajan T. Amelioration of oxidative stress, inflammation and tumor promotion by Tin oxide-Sodium alginate-Polyethylene glycol-Allyl isothiocyanate nanocomposites on the 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in rats. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Ramasamy P, Sekar S, Paramasivam S, Suri P, Chinnaiyan U, Singh R, Tanguturi Raghavaiah BP, Seshadri VD. Sulfation of chitosan from Sepia kobiensis as potential anticoagulant and antibacterial molecule. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:3216-3222. [PMID: 34304652 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1956492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to synthesis of chitin, chitosan and sulfation of chitosan from cuttlebone of cuttlefish Sepia kobiensis. Principally chitin was extracted through sequential processes of demineralisation and deproteinzation. Then chitosan was synthesized by a deacetylation and finally sulfated at semi-heterogeneous condition using chlorosulfonic acid in N,N-dimethylformamide. The synthesized macromolecules were characterized for its structural, physical and thermal (CHN, DDA, FT-IR, NMR, XRD, Viscometric analysis, SEM and DSC) properties. Apart from anticoagulant potential of the sulfated chitosan was tested using human plasma by means of activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and prothrombin time (PT). Further sulfated chitosan was tested for antibacterial potential by well diffusion method against eleven human pathogenic clinical isolates of both Gram positive and Gram-negative strains and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) was calculated accordingly. The results of this study revealed the effectiveness of the sulfated chitosan at semi-heterogeneous conditions as a potent antibacterial and anticoagulant molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasiyappazham Ramasamy
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, National College (Autonomous), Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Sivasankari Sekar
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | | | - Priyatharsini Suri
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Chinnaiyan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajah Serfoji Government College (Autonomous), Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy (Girls), Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Seshadri VD. Zinc oxide nanoparticles from Cassia auriculata flowers showed the potent antimicrobial and in vitro anticancer activity against the osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4046-4054. [PMID: 34220263 PMCID: PMC8241895 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a foremost mesenchymal bone neoplasm and it can occur at any age with survival rate is nearly 2-8 times lesser in elders than in teenagers. The clinical therapies for cancer treatment have gradually becoming outdated because of the developments of nano-medicine and multi-targeted drug-delivery. In this work, we green synthesized the zinc oxide nanoparticles from the Cassia auriculata flower (AS-ZnONPs) extract and evaluated its antimicrobial and in vitro anticancer potential against the OS MG-63 cells. The synthesized AS-ZnONPs were confirmed and characterized by using UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FE-SEM, and photoluminescence techniques. The antimicrobial activity of AS-ZnONPs was studied by disc diffusion technique. The viability of AS-ZnONPs treated MG-63 cells were examined by MTT assay. The apoptotic cells in the AS-ZnONPs treated MG-63 cells were assayed by dual staining. The MMP status of AS-ZnONPs treated cells were tested by Rh-123 staining. The cell adhesion assay was performed to detect the anticancer effects of AS-ZnONPs against MG-63 cells. The results of UV-vis spectroscopy, XRD, FE-SEM, and photoluminescence techniques proved the formation of AS-ZnONPs and it has the hexagonal wurtzite structures. AS-ZnONPs displayed the potent antimicrobial activity against the tested microbial strains. The AS-ZnONPs were appreciably inhibited the cell viability of MG-63 cells. The outcomes of fluorescence staining proved that AS-ZnONPs reduced the MMP and prompted the apoptosis in MG-63 cells. In conclusion, our discoveries demonstrated that the formulated AS-ZnONPs has the potent antimicrobial and in vitro anticancer activity against the MG-63 cells. The AS-ZnONPs could be potent chemotherapeutic agent in the future to treat the OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al–Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Seshadri VD. Cardioprotective properties of natural medicine in isoproterenol induced myocardial damage in the male Albino rats. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:3169-3175. [PMID: 34121851 PMCID: PMC8176003 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to investigate cardioprotective properties of natural medicine inmyocardial damage induced male Albino rats. The aqueous extractof Allium sativumwas used for the determination of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The amount of phenol (1.39 ± 0.37 GAE/g dry weight) and flavonoids (49.1 ± 2.79 QE/g dry weight) were high in aqueous extract. A. sativumextract and showed 68.39 ± 3.6% DPPHscavenging activity. Isoproterenol was used to induce myocardial injury in Albino rats in vivo by subcutaneous injection (100 mg/kg body weight). To achieve this, experimental animals were categorized into six groups (n = 4), namely, positive, negative control, only isoproterenol administered groups, and garlic extract administered group at 100-300 mg extract/kg body weight. Oxidative stress marker and cardiac markers were assayed to analyze the cardioprotective properties of garlic extract. At 300 mg/kg doseof garlic extract, rat was recovered from various altered factors such as, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline transminase and alkaline phosphatase. The rats treated with 300 mggarlic extract/kg body weight decreased the level of asparate aminotransferase (126 ± 6.4 IU/L) than other lower doses (100 mg extract/kg and 200 mg extract/kg). Alkaline transaminase level of rat serum level was 81 ± 4.34 IU/L. In the isoproterenol treated rats elevated level was observed (152 ± 4.42 IU/L enzyme activity). Pre-treatment of Albino rat with A. sativum extract reduced cardiac damage. Isoproterenol exposed animal showed 207.6 ± 1.2 mg/dL triglyceride and the garlic administered rat (300 mgextract/kg) reduced LDL-cholesterol level (61.3 ± 1.3 mg/dL) significantly (p < 0.05). Creatinine kinase -MB level was 269.5 ± 12.5 IU/L in the control animal and stress induced animal showed elevated level (572.3 ± 19.4 IU/L). Garlic treated experimental animal (300 µg/kg bw) decreased CK-MB level. To conclude, the aqueous extract of A. sativumshowed cardio protective properties against myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Guru A, Issac PK, Saraswathi NT, Seshadri VD, Gabr GA, Arockiaraj J. Deteriorating insulin resistance due to WL15 peptide from cysteine and glycine-rich protein 2 in high glucose-induced rat skeletal muscle L6 cells. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1698-1709. [PMID: 33818831 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the antioxidant and antidiabetic activity of the WL15 peptide derived from Channa striatus on regulating the antioxidant property in the rat skeletal muscle cell line (L6) and enhancing glucose uptake via glucose metabolism. Increased oxidative stress plays a major role in the development of diabetes and its complications. Strategies are needed to mitigate the oxidative stress that can reduce these pathogenic processes. Our results showed that with treatment with WL15 peptide, the reactive oxygen species significantly decreased in L6 myotubes in a dose-dependent manner, and increased antioxidant enzymes help to prevent the formation of lipid peroxidation in L6 myotubes. The cytotoxicity of WL15 is evaluated in the L6 cells and found to be non-cytotoxic at the tested concentration. Also, for the analysis of glucose uptake activity in L6 cells, the 2-(N-[7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl]amino)-2-deoxy- d -glucose assay was performed in the presence of wortmannin and genistein inhibitors. WL15 demonstrated antidiabetic activities through a dose-dependent increase in glucose uptake (64%) and glycogen storage (7.8 mM). The optimal concentration for the maximum activity was found to be 50 µM. In addition, studies of gene expression in L6 myotubes demonstrated upregulation of antioxidant genes and genes involved in the pathway of insulin signaling. In cell-based assays, WL15 peptide decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and demonstrated insulin mimic activity by enhancing the primary genes involved in the insulin signaling pathway by increased glucose uptake indicating that glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) is regulated from the intracellular pool to the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Guru
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Issac
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N T Saraswathi
- Molecular Biophysics Lab, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal A Gabr
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- SRM Research Institute, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Moglad EH, Hamad AM, Fatima F, Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Naz M. Antimicrobial and wound healing activities of certain Sudanese medicinal plants. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1766-1772. [PMID: 32565694 PMCID: PMC7296494 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of drug-resistant organisms have been increasing globally; therefore, it is a burning need to find an alternative drug to get rid of the diseases caused by resistant strains. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial and wound healing activities of Loranthus acacia, Cassia obtusifolia and Cymbopogon proximus plants. All the plants were collected and extracted — by maceration method. Antimicrobial activities determined using standard ATCC strain for Gram-positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus crew, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Shigella sonnnei, Salmonella Typhimurium, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pnuemoniae, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) following agar well diffusion method. Plants extracts were prepared as gel and investigated for in vivo wound healing activities in rats. Histological studies were performed on animals’ skin. The results showed that all tested plants have various antimicrobial and wound healing activities. Out of these plants, L. acacia exhibited the best result; it revealed a significant result for antimicrobial activities counter to all Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and wound healing activities in comparing with the reference drug. Thus, it is essential to consider L. acacia as a prospective source in progress in the synthesis of a new antimicrobial drug for the treatment of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehssan H Moglad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants and Traditional Medicine Research Institute (MAPTMRI), National Center for Research, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Abubaker M Hamad
- Basic Sciences Department, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 20337, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | - Farhat Fatima
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173 Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabi
| | - Mamuna Naz
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173 Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabi
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18
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Chen L, Chen J, Ramesh T, Seshadri VD, Zhu L. Zinc oxide nanoparticles from Corydalis yanhusuo attenuated the mycoplasmal pneumonia in mice through inhibiting the MAPKs signaling pathway. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104270. [PMID: 32446872 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M.pneumoniae) was accounted to 3-10% of total pneumonia incidences. In recent decades, metallic nanoparticles were extensively examined as nano-antibiotics. OBJECTIVE In this investigation, we intended to inspect the therapeutic potential of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) from (Corydalis yanhusuo) C. yanhusuo against the mycoplasma infected pneumonia in mice. METHODOLOGY The ZnONPs were formulated via green route technique and characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared technique, and atomic force microscopy. The antimicrobial activity of formulated ZnONPs was tested by well diffusion method. The total protein, interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and transforming growth factor (TGF) status in the BALF of M. pneumonia infected animals were investigated via kit method. The expressions of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and NF-κB were examined through the Western blotting. The Histopathological analysis of lung tissues of experimental animals was done. RESULTS The UV-vis spectroscopy and TEM examinations were proved the existence of CY-ZnONPs. The formulated CY-ZnONPs were displayed the potential antimicrobial activity. The supplementation of CY-ZnONPs were noticeably diminished the total protein and IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels in the BALF of pneumonia mice. The ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and NF-κB expressions were appreciably diminished in the CY-ZnONPs supplemented mice. It also reduced the inflammatory cells penetration, and exhibited normal tissue arrangements in the lung tissues of pneumonia mice. CONCLUSION The findings of this investigation were proved that the synthesized CY-ZnONPs has the potential to ameliorate the M. pneumoniae infected pneumonia in investigational mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4 Th Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, 100096, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Thiyagarajan Ramesh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Limei Zhu
- Department of Chronic Disease and Infectious Disease Control, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009, China
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19
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Devanathadesikan Seshadri V, Vijayaraghavan P, Kim YO, Kim HJ, Ahmed Al-Ghamdi A, Elshikh MS, Al-Dosary MA, Alsubaie QD. In vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of polyherbal extracts from Vetiveria zizanioides, Trichosanthes cucumerina, and Mollugo cerviana on HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1475-1481. [PMID: 32489283 PMCID: PMC7254031 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Various metabolites exist in the medicinal plants have lot of potential to cure various diseases and disorders. Plants such as, Vetiveria zizanioides, Trichosanthes cucumerina, and Mollugo cerviana were collected from Western Ghats, Tamilnadu, India. Phytochemicals were extracted from these plants using various organic solvents and tested against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The phytochemicals such as, carbohydrate, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids and tannin were detected from these medicinal plants. Among the extracts, methanol showed potent activity and this solvent was used to extract polyherbal medicinal plants. Methanol extract of V. zizanioides was found to be highly active against E. coli (27 ± 2 mm), P. mirabilis (19 ± 3 mm) and B. subtilis (18 ± 2 mm). Ethyl acetate extract showed high activity against E. coli (24 ± 2 mm), P. mirabilis (22 ± 3 mm) and B. subtilis (20 ± 1 mm). These three plants were taken at 1:1:1 ratio and extracted with methanol at 1:10 ratio and synergistic activity was tested against bacterial pathogens. Synergistic activity of polyherbal extract was analyzed. The extracted crude herbal medicine was found to be effective against Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Enterbacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus mirabilis. The zone of inhibition was 33 ± 3 mm, 17 ± 2 mm, 22 ± 2 mm, 40 ± 2 mm, 33 ± 1 mm and 38 ± 2 mm zone of inhibition against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis and Enterobacter sp. Polyherbal extract was found to be highly effective against P. mirabilis and Enterobacter sp. MIC values of polyherbal extract ranged from 29 ± 2.5 µg/ml to 34 ± 2.5 µg/ml. MIC value was found to be less against P. mirabilis and was high against S. aureus. Antioxidant property varied between 49 ± 3% and 95.3 ± 2%. At 20 µg/ml antioxidant activity was reported as 49 ± 3% and it was increased at higher concentrations of polyherbal extract. Two cell lines (HeLa and MCF cell lines) were selected to analyze cytotoxic activity of polyherbal extract. The methanol extract of polyherbal fraction showed cytotoxicity against these two cell lines. The LC50 value was 467 ± 2.9 µg/ml against HeLa cell line and >800 µg/ml against MCF-7 cell lines. The polyherbal extract showed antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Devanathadesikan Seshadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - P Vijayaraghavan
- Bioprocessing Engineering Division, Smykon Biotech Pvt. LtD, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Y-O Kim
- Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-Ro, Yuseung-Gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - H-J Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Monerah A Al-Dosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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