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Issa R, Sfeir M, Azzi V, Salameh P, Akiki M, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S, Malaeb D, Hallit R. Association of Computer Vision Syndrome with Depression/Anxiety among Lebanese Young Adults: The Mediating Effect of Stress. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2674. [PMID: 37830711 PMCID: PMC10572235 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Computers have become indispensable in daily activities. With this excess use of electronics, computer vision syndrome (CVS), a highly prevalent condition, is associated with various symptoms. Although understanding the relationship between CVS and mental health has been reported, the impact of CVS has not been explored on more than one psychological aspect. We hypothesize that higher CVS symptoms could be associated with higher levels of anxiety and depression, mediated by higher stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the association between CVS and depression and anxiety among a sample of Lebanese young adults, along with evaluating the mediating effect of stress on these associations. Between August 2020 and April 2021, 749 participants completed an online questionnaire for this cross-sectional study. Females compared to males (Beta = 3.73) and those with CVS compared to those who did not (Beta = 3.14) were significantly associated with more anxiety, whereas having a university level of education compared to secondary or less (Beta = -3.02) was significantly associated with less anxiety. Females compared to males (Beta = 2.55) and those with CVS compared to those without (Beta = 2.61) were significantly associated with more depression, whereas being of an older age (Beta = -0.18) was significantly associated with less depression. Stress partially mediated the association between CVS and anxiety and between CVS and depression. More CVS was significantly associated with more stress (Beta = 3.05). Higher stress was significantly associated with more anxiety (Beta = 0.70) and depression (Beta = 0.71), whereas more CVS was significantly and directly associated with more anxiety (Beta = 3.14) and depression (Beta = 2.61). This study is the first worldwide to evaluate an association between CVS and mental health. Our results serve as a starting point for healthcare providers (psychiatrists and psychologists, most importantly) to look deeper into CVS when looking for reasons behind mental health issues. Further studies are warranted to confirm our results and look for more factors and mediators in such associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Issa
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon; (R.I.); (V.A.); (S.H.); (R.H.)
| | - Michel Sfeir
- Faculty of Social and Political Sciences (SSP), Institute of Psychology (IP), University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Vanessa Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon; (R.I.); (V.A.); (S.H.); (R.H.)
| | - Pascale Salameh
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos 5053, Lebanon;
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut P.O. Box 12109, Lebanon;
- Medical School, University of Nicosia, 2417 Nicosia, Cyprus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat 1103, Lebanon
| | - Maria Akiki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael’s Medical Center, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut P.O. Box 12109, Lebanon;
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon; (R.I.); (V.A.); (S.H.); (R.H.)
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib P.O. Box 60096, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil P.O. Box 13-5053, Lebanon;
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman P.O. Box 4184, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rabih Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon; (R.I.); (V.A.); (S.H.); (R.H.)
- Department of Infectious Disease, Notre-Dame des Secours University Hospital, Byblos Postal Code 3, Lebanon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Bellevue Medical Center, Mansourieh P.O. Box 295, Lebanon
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Hamieh F, Hallit S, Haddad C, Obeid S, Kazour F. Correlates of severity in a clinical staging model of schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study among 158 subjects. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:648. [PMID: 37667266 PMCID: PMC10478431 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical staging has been widely used to predict and optimize the treatment of medical disorders. Different models have been proposed to map the development, progression, and extension of psychiatric disorders over time, mainly for schizophrenia. The primary objective of this study was to classify patients with psychosis according to the McGorry staging model and compare factors between the different stages. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study, collecting data from 158 patients hospitalized for schizophrenia/psychosis. The survey included the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Yong Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, and the McGorry staging model. RESULTS Patients have been classified into three clinical stages: relapse of psychotic disorder (43%), multiple relapses (47.5%), and persistent and severe illness (9.5%). A higher mean duration of hospitalization, psychotic symptoms (PANSS total scale and subscales), chlorpromazine equivalent dose, and number of antipsychotic treatments were found among participants in Stage 4 as compared to the other groups. However, a significantly higher mean GAF scale was found among participants in stage 3b as compared to the other groups. CONCLUSION Each stage in the McGorry staging model of schizophrenia is associated with well-defined clinical presentations, which help decide the appropriate treatment. Using such models in psychiatry can improve the diagnostic process and potential therapeutic interventions for patients suffering from mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Hamieh
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
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Seemüller F, Schennach R, Musil R, Obermeier M, Adli M, Bauer M, Brieger P, Laux G, Gaebel W, Falkai P, Riedel M, Möller HJ. A factor analytic comparison of three commonly used depression scales (HAMD, MADRS, BDI) in a large sample of depressed inpatients. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:548. [PMID: 37507656 PMCID: PMC10386606 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantifying depression mainly relies on the use of depression scales, and understanding their factor structure is crucial for evaluating their validity. METHODS This post-hoc analysis utilized prospectively collected data from a naturalistic study of 1014 inpatients with major depression. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were performed to test the psychometric abilities of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale, and the self-rated Beck Depression Inventory. A combined factor analysis was also conducted including all items of all scales. RESULTS All three scales showed good to very good internal consistency. The HAMD-17 had four factors: an "anxiety" factor, a "depression" factor, an "insomnia" factor, and a "somatic" factor. The MADRS also had four factors: a "sadness" factor, a neurovegetative factor, a "detachment" factor and a "negative thoughts" factor, while the BDI had three factors: a "negative attitude towards self" factor, a "performance impairment" factor, and a "somatic" factor. The combined factor analysis suggested that self-ratings might reflect a distinct illness dimension within major depression. CONCLUSIONS The factors obtained in this study are comparable to those found in previous research. Self and clinician ratings are complementary and not redundant, highlighting the importance of using multiple measures to quantify depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Seemüller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany.
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Kbo-Lech-Mangfall-Klinik, Auenstrasse 6, 82467, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
| | - Rebecca Schennach
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Schoen Clinic Roseneck, Am Roseneck 6, 83209, Prien am Chiemsee, Germany
| | - Richard Musil
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Obermeier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Mazda Adli
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Mitte (CCM), CampusCharitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Fliedner Klinik Berlin, Markgrafenstrasse 34, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Brieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Kbo-Isar-Amper-Klinikum Region Munich, Vockestrasse 72, 85540, Haar, Germany
| | - Gerd Laux
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Psychological Medicine (IPM), Nussbaumstrasse 9, 83564, Soyen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Düsseldorf, Bergische Landstrasse 2, 40629, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Riedel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
- Centre for Disturbance of Memory and Demetia, Marion von Tessin Memory-Centre, Nymphenburgerstrasse 45, 80636, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Möller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Azzi R, Samaha S, Malaeb D, Akel M, Azzi V, Hallit S, Obeid S. The association between mental health and Bulimia Nervosa among a sample of Lebanese young adults: the indirect effect of difficulties in emotion regulation. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:335. [PMID: 37173734 PMCID: PMC10175933 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04847-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bulimia nervosa (BN) is defined as repeated episodes of binge eating, followed by compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting. BN has been shown to be associated with many co-morbidities including depression and anxiety. BN has also been associated with stress, which was shown to trigger binge eating episodes in BN. Furthermore, difficulties in emotion regulation have been seen to play an important role in the psychopathology of eating disorders, including BN. Seeing that BN is the most prevalent eating disorder in Lebanon, which is linked to the stressful events the country has been through, the study aims to examine the indirect effect of emotional dysregulation on this relationship between mental health issues (stress, anxiety and depression) and bulimia nervosa among young adults. We hypothesize that difficulties in emotion regulation would have an indirect effect in the relationship between mental health and BN. METHODS This was a cross-sectional observational study, based on an online anonymous survey, which was carried out between September and December of 2020. Participants were all 18 years and above, recruited from all Lebanese governorates (n = 1175). RESULTS Difficulties in emotion regulation mediated the association between anxiety/stress/depression and bulimia. Higher mental health issues were significantly associated with more difficulties in emotion regulation; higher difficulties in emotion regulation were significantly associated with more bulimia. Finally, higher anxiety and higher stress, but not depression, were significantly and directly associated with higher bulimia. CONCLUSION Results of this study could be used by mental health professional to shed light on the difficulties in emotion regulation in patients with BN and try to use therapeutic strategies to help them better regulate their emotions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reine Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Serena Samaha
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- School of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- School of Arts and Sciences, Social and Education Sciences Department, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon.
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Strupf M, Wiechers M, Bajbouj M, Böge K, Karnouk C, Goerigk S, Kamp-Becker I, Banaschewski T, Rapp M, Hasan A, Falkai P, Jobst-Heel A, Habel U, Stamm T, Heinz A, Hoell A, Burger M, Bunse T, Hoehne E, Mehran N, Kaiser F, Hahn E, Plener P, Übleis A, Padberg F. Predicting treatment outcomes of the Empowerment group intervention for refugees with affective disorders: Findings from the MEHIRA project. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:241-250. [PMID: 36427652 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on outcome predictors in the field of transcultural treatment for refugees and asylum seekers (RAS) is scarce. We aimed to evaluate predictors of outcome of a group intervention (Empowerment) for RAS with affective disorders which was incorporated at level three of the stratified stepped-care model within the Mental Health in Refugees and Asylum Seekers (MEHIRA) project. METHODS A predictor analysis was performed at level three of the MEHIRA project, where 149 refugees with moderate depressive symptoms were treated either with Empowerment or Treatment-as-usual (TAU). Outcome measures were depression severity as assessed by patient-rated Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) and clinician-rated Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Regression models with change scores (T1-T0) of PHQ-9 and MADRS as dependent variables were fit. Predictor selection was a mixed-method approach combining testing of literature-based hypotheses and explorative hypothesis-generating analyses of multiple baseline variables. RESULTS Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses revealed significant linear relationships between change in PHQ-9 and baseline depression severity (β = -0.35, t = -3.27, p = .002) and perceived self-efficacy (β = -0.24, t = -2.26, p = .027) in the treatment (verum) condition. MADRS change scores were predicted by baseline depression severity (β = -0.71, t = -8.65, p < .001) in the treatment (verum) condition. LIMITATIONS Due to small cell numbers, single predictors could not be evaluated reliably. CONCLUSIONS Severity of depression and self-efficacy at baseline were predictors of symptom improvement at level three (Empowerment) of the MEHIRA project. Comorbidity and trauma indicators did not predict outcomes in the treatment (verum) condition, pointing towards broad applicability of the Empowerment intervention in refugee populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Strupf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany.
| | - Maren Wiechers
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Malek Bajbouj
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerem Böge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carine Karnouk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Goerigk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany; Department of Psychological Methodology and Assessment, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany; Charlotte Fresenius Hochschule, University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - Inge Kamp-Becker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Rapp
- Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alkomiet Hasan
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, University Augsburg, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Peter Falkai
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrea Jobst-Heel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Ute Habel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Hoell
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Max Burger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Tilmann Bunse
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, University Augsburg, BKH Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Edgar Hoehne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nassim Mehran
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Eric Hahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Plener
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Aline Übleis
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Frank Padberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital LMU, Munich, Germany
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Obeid S, Azzi V, Hallit S. Validation and psychometric properties of the Arabic version of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 7 items (HAMD-7) among non-clinical and clinical samples of Lebanese adults. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285665. [PMID: 37200339 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS or HAMD) is widely used scale for depression assessment. A shortened version of the HDRS, composed of 7 items, was implemented. The latter is timesaving compared to the original version, while still providing similar precision. Our objective in this study was to assess the psychometric properties of the Arabic HAMD-7 scale among non-clinical and clinical samples of Lebanese adults. METHODS In study 1, 443 Lebanese citizens enrolled in this cross-sectional study (June-September 2021). The total sample in study 1 was divided into two subsamples to conduct the exploratory-to-confirmatory factor analysis (EFA-to-CFA). Another cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2022 on another sample of Lebanese patients (independent from the sample of study 1) and included 150 patients attending two psychology clinics. The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Lebanese Depression Scale (LDS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAM-A) and Lebanese Anxiety Scale (LAS) were used to assess the validity of the HAMD-7 scale. RESULTS The results of the EFA (subsample 1; study 1) showed that the HAM-D-7 items converged into a one-factor solution (McDonald's ω = .78). The CFA (subsample 2; study 1) confirmed the one-factor solution obtained in the EFA (ω = .79). CFA indicated that fit of the one-factor model of the HAM-D-7 was acceptable: χ2/df = 27.88/14 = 1.99, RMSEA = .066 (90% CI = .028, .102), SRMR = .043, CFI = .960, TLI = .939. All indices suggested that configural, metric, and scalar invariance was supported across gender. The HAMD-7 scale score positively correlated with the MADRS (r = 0.809; p<0.001), LDS (r = 0.872; p<0.001), HAM-A (r = 0.645; p<0.001) and LAS (r = 0.651; p<0.001) scales scores. The optimal cutoff score between healthy individuals and depressive patients for the HAMD-7 was at a value = 5.50 (Se = 82.8% and Sp = 62.4%). The positive and negative predicted values for the HAMD-7 were 25.1% and 96.0%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.20 and 0.28 respectively. No significant difference was found between the non-clinical total sample (study 1) and the clinical sample (study 2) in terms of HAM-D-7 scores (5.24 ± 4.43 vs 4.54 ± 5.06; t(589) = 1.609; p = .108). CONCLUSION Psychometric properties of the Arabic HAMD-7 scale are satisfactory, warranting its use clinically and in research. This scale seems highly efficient for ruling out depression; however, those with positive scores need a referral to a mental health professional for deeper evaluation. HAMD-7 might be self-administered by non-clinical subjects. Future studies are recommended to additionally confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Vanessa Azzi
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
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Bitar Z, Haddad C, Obeid S, Hallit S. The association between fear of COVID-19 and depression, anxiety, and psychosis among Lebanese chronic patients with schizophrenia: any moderating effect of spirituality? Croat Med J 2022; 63. [PMID: 36325665 PMCID: PMC9648081 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2022.63.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess whether fear of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with depression, anxiety, and psychosis and to evaluate if these variables are correlated with the interaction between spirituality and fear of COVID-19. METHODS Between September and November 2020, this cross-sectional study enrolled 118 chronic schizophrenia patients. The interview with patients included Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Lebanese Anxiety Scale-10, Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being-12. The results were analyzed by using linear regressions (Enter method), with anxiety, depression, total PANSS score, positive PANSS, negative PANSS, and general psychopathology PANSS subscales as dependent variables. Spirituality, fear of COVID-19, and the interaction of spirituality with fear of COVID-19 were independents variables. RESULTS Fear of COVID-19 was positively correlated with increased total PANSS scores (Beta=0.90, P=0.030). Higher spirituality was significantly associated with lower anxiety (Beta=-0.14, P=0.009), lower depression (Beta=-0.21, P=0.001), lower total PANSS score (Beta=-0.90, P=0.004), lower negative PANSS score (Beta=-0.23, P=0.009), and lower general psychopathology PANSS score (Beta=-0.61, P=0.001). In patients with high fear of COVID-19, having low spirituality was significantly associated with higher anxiety, depression, and psychotic symptoms. CONCLUSION This study suggests a positive correlation between fear of COVID-19 and higher psychosis among inpatients with schizophrenia. The interaction of spirituality with fear of COVID-19 was correlated with reduced anxiety, depression, and psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bitar
- Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon,Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon,School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon,School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
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Akel M, Berro J, Rahme C, Haddad C, Obeid S, Hallit S. Violence Against Women During COVID-19 Pandemic. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2022; 37:NP12284-NP12309. [PMID: 33685271 DOI: 10.1177/0886260521997953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to correlate several factors - including depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem levels in both men and women - with the occurrence of domestic violence against women (VAW) during quarantine. This cross-sectional study was carried out in April 2020, in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic when lockdown procedures were implemented; 86 married couples participated in this study amounting to 172 responses in total. A different questionnaire was set for women and men; the couple filled out their respective questionnaire simultaneously, but privately where one did not see the answers of the other. Inclusion criteria included married couples of all ages that are living together during the lockdown of COVID-19. The results of this study showed that a higher total abuse score was found in 39 females (45.3%; CI: 0.34 - 0.56). Being a Muslim female (Beta =24.80) and females having higher anxiety (Beta=0.97) were significantly associated with higher total abuse scores, whereas higher stress score in female (Beta=-0.61) was significantly associated with lower total abuse scores. In conclusion, this study focuses on VAW as a serious problem while demonstrating its further emergence during quarantine. This study also focused on the effects brought on by lockdown policies, including social and economic factors, and their implications in the increase of VAW during this pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Akel
- Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Marwan Akel and Jana Berro are first coauthors
| | - Jana Berro
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- Marwan Akel and Jana Berro are first coauthors
| | - Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Université de Limoges, UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, 87000 Limoges, France
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit are last coauthors
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
- Sahar Obeid and Souheil Hallit are last coauthors
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9
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Drunkorexia behaviors and motives, eating attitudes and mental health in Lebanese alcohol drinkers: a path analysis model. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1787-1797. [PMID: 34713408 PMCID: PMC8553592 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drunkorexia refers to limited intake of high-calorie food to avert gaining weight and the need to increase in alcohol excessive consumption. The present study aimed to check for an association between depression, anxiety, and stress with drunkorexia behaviors/motives among Lebanese adults, while evaluating the mediating role of inappropriate eating attitude in those associations. METHODS Two hundred and fifty-eight participants enrolled in this cross-sectional study, who filled an online survey (September-December 2020). RESULTS Drunkorexia behaviors were considered as the dependent variable; the path coefficients from stress to anxiety, from anxiety to eating attitudes, from eating attitudes to drunkorexia behaviors and from anxiety to drunkorexia behaviors were all significant. The indirect relationships showed that eating attitudes mediated the association between anxiety and drunkorexia behaviors. When taking the drunkorexia motives as the dependent variable, the path coefficients from stress to anxiety, from anxiety to eating attitudes, from eating attitudes to drunkorexia motives, and from anxiety to drunkorexia motives were all significant. The indirect relationships showed that eating attitudes mediated the association between anxiety and drunkorexia motives. CONCLUSION This study highlighted that individuals with more psychological problems (depression, anxiety, and stress) and inappropriate eating habits exhibit more drunkorexic motivations and behaviors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, Cross-sectional study.
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10
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Bitar Z, Akel M, Salameh P, Obeid S, Hallit S. Phubbing among Lebanese young adults: Scale validation and association with mental health (depression, anxiety, and stress). CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 42:1-12. [PMID: 35496363 PMCID: PMC9039595 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03104-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phones use has not been without several social and psychological problems, specifically during the fast spread of the COVID-19 infection, which imposed strict restrictions and isolation. This research principal aims were to (1) confirm the validity of the Generic Scale of Phubbing in Arabic (GSP), and (2) evaluate the association between phubbing and mental health (depression, anxiety and stress). A first cross-sectional study enrolled 203 participants to confirm the factor structure of the phubbing scale among Lebanese young adults. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was carried out on the whole sample using SPSS AMOS v.24 to confirm the four-factor structure of the GSP. The root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) statistic, the comparative fit index (CFI) and the Tucker Lewis Index (TLI) were used to evaluate the goodness-of-fit of the model. RMSEA values ≤0.08 and ≤ 0.10 indicate a good and acceptable fit respectively. CFI and TLI values ≥0.90 indicate good model fit. A second cross-sectional study enrolled 461 respondents (18-29 years old) to conduct the multivariable analysis. The fit indices values were as follows: χ2/df = 181.74/84 = 2.16, TLI = .92, CFI = .94 and RMSEA = .076 [95% CI .061-.091] respectively, indicating an excellent fit of the model. The results of the multiple linear regression using the ENTER model, when taking the phubbing score as the dependent variable, showed that female gender (β = 0.11; t(454) = 2.50; p = .013), more stress (β = 0.27; t(454) = 3.94; p < .001), more anxiety (β = 0.30; t(454) = 4.24; p < .001), and older age (β = 0.28; t(454) = 6.12; p < .001) were positively correlated with higher phubbing, or higher household crowding index (β = -0.15; t(454) = -3.62; p < .001) was significantly correlated with less phubbing. The results of this study were able to confirm the validity of the Arabic version of the GSP scale. This will allow Lebanese clinicians to use this validated tool to screen for the presence of the phubbing phenomenon within this age group. We propose finding possible correlation between phubbing and others factors (such as obsession and loneliness) and validating this scale in other Arabic-speaking countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bitar
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- Pharmacy Practice Department, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie (INSPECT-LB), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, P.O. Box 446, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Psychology Department, College of Humanities, Effat University, 21478 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Dib JE, Nehme I, Haddad C, Azar J, Hallit S, Obeid S. Affective temperaments of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia: comparison by gender and severity of psychosis. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:430. [PMID: 34823586 PMCID: PMC8620946 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05854-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Our aim in this study was to identify affective temperament differences utilizing the TEMPS-A in a large sample size of Lebanese patients with schizophrenia and compare them to healthy controls. Gender differences, demographic factors and degree of psychotic symptoms were also considered. A cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross (PHC) from March to June 2019. Two-hundred fifty chronic patients with schizophrenia were compared to 250 healthy controls randomly chosen from the general population. Results Patients with schizophrenia significantly had higher mean depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores compared to healthy controls. Healthy controls significantly had a higher mean hyperthymic temperament score compared to patients with schizophrenia. In the group of patients with schizophrenia exclusively, females scored higher in terms of depressive, cyclothymic and anxious temperaments compared to males. In the group of healthy controls, males scored higher in terms of hyperthymic and irritable temperaments compared to females, whereas a higher mean depressive and anxious temperament scores were significantly found in females compared to males. In addition, higher PANSS total scores, as well as higher positive, negative and general subscales scores were significantly associated with higher depressive, cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperament scores. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05854-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph E Dib
- Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ilige Nehme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, INSERM, University of Limoges, CH Esquirol, UMR 1094, Tropical Neuroepidemiology, GEIST, 87000, Limoges, France.,Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique Et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jocelyne Azar
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Santé Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique Et Toxicologie, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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12
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Rahme C, Akel M, Obeid S, Hallit S. Cyberchondria severity and quality of life among Lebanese adults: the mediating role of fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, stress and obsessive-compulsive behavior-a structural equation model approach. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:169. [PMID: 34715930 PMCID: PMC8555716 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study highlights the significant association between cyberchondria and quality of life among the Lebanese population in the time of COVID-19. The aim was to assess the association between cyberchondria and quality of life (QOL) of Lebanese community during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the mediating effect of fear of COVID-19, depression, anxiety, stress and Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale in this association. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out between December 2020 and January 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 449 persons participated in this study by filling the online questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to examine the structural relationship between cyberchondria severity, the mediator (anxiety, stress, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and fear of COVID-19) and physical/mental QOL. RESULTS Having a university level of education and older age were significantly associated with higher physical QOL scores, whereas higher obsession-compulsion disorder, higher stress and higher anxiety were significantly associated with lower physical QOL scores. Higher anxiety was significantly associated with lower mental QOL scores. The results of the SEM showed that stress, fear of COVID-19 and to a lesser limit OCD, mediated the association between cyberchondria severity and physical QOL, whereas anxiety, stress and fear of COVID-19 mediated the association between cyberchondria severity and mental QOL. CONCLUSION This research reported interesting results encouraging more exploration of cyberchondria and its association with quality of life during this unique period of the pandemic. However, this virus has altered the lives of individuals all across the world, and the consequences will last for a long time. Along with all of the steps done to stop the development of COVID-19 and improve physical outcomes, mental health requires immediate care. More research is needed to determine the coping techniques people are employing to deal with the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rahme
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, P.O. Box 60096, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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13
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Bitar Z, Haddad C, Obeid S, Hallit S. Treatment satisfaction and its association with anxiety, depression and fear of COVID-19 among Lebanese inpatients with schizophrenia. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2021; 19:2364. [PMID: 34621448 PMCID: PMC8455125 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2021.3.2364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The patient’s evaluation of treatment and its associated outcomes
define the treatment satisfaction. The quality of treatment satisfaction and
healthcare service has been affected by depression, anxiety and fear of the
current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Objective: Therefore, this study aimed to assess factors associated with treatment
satisfaction among Lebanese inpatients with schizophrenia, namely
depression, anxiety and fear of COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2020,
enrolled 118 patients with chronic schizophrenia consecutively admitted to
Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Lebanon. The Functional Assessment of
Chronic Illness Therapy-Treatment Satisfaction-Patient Satisfaction Scale
(FACIT-TS-PS) was used to assess treatment satisfaction, the Lebanese
Anxiety Scale -10 (LAS-10) was used to assess anxiety, Montgomery-Asberg
Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) to assess depression and the Fear of
COVID-19 Scale to assess the level of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: The mean scores of the scales were as follows: treatment satisfaction (65.20;
SD 16.11; median=71), LAS-10 (13.65; SD 6.02), MADRS (9.09; SD 6.69) and
fear of COVID-19 (18.59; SD 6.78). Higher depression (r= -0.46,
p<0.001) was significantly associated with lower treatment
satisfaction. Female gender (beta=7.51, p=0.029) was significantly
associated with higher treatment satisfaction score. Fear of COVID-19 did
not show any significant association with the treatment satisfaction
score. Conclusions: Results of this study found that depression and gender were associated with
treatment satisfaction among inpatients with schizophrenia. No association
has been found between fear of COVID-19 and treatment satisfaction among
those patients. More research is warranted to evaluate treatment
satisfaction and associated factors among chronic inpatients with
schizophrenia, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to
improve treatment satisfaction and subjective well-being of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Bitar
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University. Beirut (Lebanon).
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross. Jal Eddib (Lebanon).
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK). Jounieh (Lebanon).
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK). Jounieh (Lebanon).
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14
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Sfeir E, Haddad C, Akel M, Hallit S, Obeid S. Sleep disorders in a sample of Lebanese children: the role of parental mental health and child nutrition and activity. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:324. [PMID: 34301219 PMCID: PMC8298696 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02795-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep habits are an important component of a child's health and it is affected by parent-child relationship. Also, child's diet and nutrition appear to be an important factor affecting sleep health. Few studies have addressed the effect of parental emotional disturbance that can leave on children's sleep. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders in pre- and school-aged children and evaluate its relation with parental mental health and child's nutrition and activity. METHODS A cross-sectional study, conducted between October 2020 and January 2021, which enrolled 402 Lebanese parents from all over Lebanon. The questionnaire was distributed online using the snowball technique. The Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) was used to assess pediatric sleep behaviors and the Family Nutrition and physical activity questionnaire was used to assess parental behaviors that might predispose children for obesity. RESULTS A total of 76 (19%) children had sleep disorders (PSQ scores of 8 or more). The multivariable analysis showed that higher paternal depression (Beta = 0.079, p = 0.010), maternal depression (Beta = 0.089, p = 0.001) and higher anxiety in the father (Beta = 0.064, p = 0.021) were significantly associated with higher PSQ scores (worse sleep) in the child. Higher Family Nutrition and Physical Activity Screening Tool scores in the child (Beta = -0.161, p < 0.001) was significantly associated with lower PSQ scores (better sleep). CONCLUSION Paternal anxiety and depression, as well as maternal depression, were factors associated with children's sleeping disorders. Future studies are needed to assess parental influence on child's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Sfeir
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Tropical Neuroepidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Tropical Neurology, INSERM, Univ. Limoges, IRD, GEIST, U1094, Limoges, France
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, D'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.
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15
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Obeid S, Haddad C, Sacre H, Akel M, Chalhoub C, Rahme C, Abi Doumit C, Akiki M, Hallit S, Salameh P. The Lebanese Depression Scale: A scale to screen for depression in the Lebanese population. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2021; 57:620-626. [PMID: 32686132 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To create a Lebanese Depression Scale (LDS) and evaluate its performance on a group of Lebanese individuals. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis enrolled 997 residents (January-December 2018). RESULTS The elements in the Lebanese Depression Scale-19 items (LDS-19) scale converged over a combination of four factors (αCronbach = .864). The correlation was positive between the LDS-19 and both the Hamilton Anxiety Scale score (r = .637; P < .001) and Lebanese Anxiety Scale score (r = .694; P < .001). According to the receiver-operating characteristics curve, the optimal score for the LDS-19 scale, which was a cutoff between healthy controls and depressive patients, was 18.50 (80.3% and 75.8%, respectively); the scale's positive predictive value was 31.0%, while the negative predictive value was 96.5%. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The LDS-19 is a useful tool to screen for depression in the Lebanese population, in both clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Obeid
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon.,INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- Research and Psychology Departments, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.,UMR 1094, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale, Institut d'Epidémiologie et de Neurologie Tropicale, GEIST, University De Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Clarissa Chalhoub
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Clara Rahme
- Faculty of Science, Lebanese University, Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Carla Abi Doumit
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Maria Akiki
- Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik (USEK), Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB: Institut National de Sante Publique, Epidemiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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16
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Kazour F, Richa S, Abi Char C, Surget A, Elhage W, Atanasova B. Olfactory markers for depression: Differences between bipolar and unipolar patients. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237565. [PMID: 32791517 PMCID: PMC7426149 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to compare olfactory functions between unipolar and bipolar patients according to the thymic states (depressed, euthymic) and determine specific olfactory variations between these different states. METHODS We recruited 176 participants in 5 groups: depressed bipolar (DB), euthymic bipolar (EB), depressed unipolar (DU), euthymic unipolar (EU), and controls (HC). They were assessed using the Sniffin' sticks threshold and identification tests. Odors' pleasantness, intensity, familiarity and emotion were assessed. Clinical evaluation explored dimensions of depression, mania, anxiety, and anhedonia. RESULTS Smell identification was lower in DU compared to EU patients and controls. Pleasant odors received lower hedonic rating in DU and DB patients compared to EU and EB patients respectively. Negative correlation was found in EB patients between hedonic rating and social anhedonia. In EU patients hedonic rating was negatively correlated with anxiety-state, and anhedonia. CONCLUSIONS Odor identification of pleasant odors is altered in both depressive states. Only unipolar patients would recover a regular identification level in symptomatic remission, while bipolar subjects would keep their deficits. Hedonic rating is lower in bipolar depressed patients compared to unipolar ones, and these deficits improve after remission. Hedonic rating of pleasant odors may distinguish bipolar depression from unipolar depression during periods of decompensation and phases of remission. Olfactory assessment may be useful to screen unipolar and bipolar depression, leading to possible future sensory markers in mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Kazour
- UMR 1253, Inserm, iBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sami Richa
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | | | - Wissam Elhage
- UMR 1253, Inserm, iBrain, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- CHRU de Tours, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, Tours, France
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